therebe用法大全

there be用法大全

1. 基本结构

一、构成：There be ...句型表示的是“某处有(存在)某人或某物”，其结构为There be(is，are，was, were??)+名词+地点状语。例如：

There are fifty-two students in our class.

There is a pencil in my pencil-case.

There was an old house by the river five years ago.

二、各种句式：

否定句：There be句型否定句式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be 后加上“not”。也可用“no”来表示。即：no + n.（名词）= not a\an\any + n.（名词）。注意：no + n.（可数名词单数）= not a\an + n.（可数名词单数）；no + n.（可数名词复数）= not any + n.（可数名词复数）；no + n.（不可数名词）= not any + n.（不可数名词）。例如：

There is an orange in her bag.

→There isn’t an o range in her bag.

→There is no orange in her bag.

There are some oranges in her bag.

→There aren’t any oranges in her bag.

→There are no oranges in her bag.

There is some juice in the bottle.

→There isn’t any juice in the bottle.

→There is no juice in the bottle.

??一般疑问句：There be结构的一般疑问句变化只需把be动词移到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。例如：

There is some money in her handbag.?

→ Is there any money in her handbag (疑问句和否定句中，some改为any, something改为anything.)

There is something new in today’s newspaper.

→There isn’t anything new in today’s newspaper.

→Is there anything new in today’s newspaper

特殊疑问句：

There be句型的特殊疑问句有以下三种形式：?

① 对主语提问：当主语是人时，用“Who’s + 介词短语”；当主语是物时，用“What’s + 介词短语”。其中there在口语中常常省略。注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对其提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如：?

? ? There is a bird in the tree. →What’s in the tree?

? ? There are some bikes over there. →What’s over there

There is a little girl in the room. →Who is in the room?

② 对地点状语提问：用“Where is \ are + 主语”表示（注意其答语变化）：例如：?

? ?There is a computer in my office.?

→ Where is the computer ----It’s in my office.?

? ?There are four children in the classroom.?

→Where are the four children—They’ re in the classroom.?

?③ 对数量提问：一般有两种提问方式：?

如果主语是可数名词，无论是单数还是复数，都用“How many +可数名词复数 + are there + 介词短语”表示：

There are twelve months in a year.?

→How many months are there in a year

There is only one book in my bag.?

→ How many books are there in your bag

There is a cat in the box.?

→ How many cats are there in the box

如果主语是不可数名词，则用“ How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语”表示：

There is some money in my purse. How much money is there in? ?? ?? ?? your purse

反意疑问句：There be或There加其它动词，其反意疑问句一律用…there 例如：

There is a beautiful girl in the garden, isn’t there

There used to be no school here, used there \did there?

三、注意事项：

1. There be句型中be动词的形式要和其后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。

如果句子的主语是单数的可数名词，或是不可数名词，be动词用“is”“was”。例如：

There is a basketball in the box. ?

There is a little milk in the glass.

如果句子的主语是复数名词，be动词就用“are” “were”。例如：

There are many birds in the tree. ?

There were many people in the street yesterday. ?

如果有两个或两个以上的名词作主语，be动词要和最靠近它的那个主语在数上保持一致，也就是我们常说的“就近原则”。例如：

There is an orange and some bananas in the basket.?

There are some bananas and an orange in the basket.?

?2.??There与be中间可插入一些表推测的情态动词、表时态的短语和一些动词短语 (如和将来时be going to\ will、现在完成时??have\has + pp. 、used to 结构等连用，注意其构成形式,这一内容在我们日常练习中经常出现错误,是一难点,也是历年中考试题中的一个考点.)。例如：

There must be a pen in the box.

There happened to be some money in my pocket.?

There is going to be a meeting tonight.

There has been a big tree on the top of the hill.

There used to be a church across from the bank.

?3. There be句型和have\has的区别：

There be句型表示“存在有”, have\has表示“拥有” “所有”,两者不能同时使用.例如：

桌子上有三本书. There are three books on the desk.

我有三本书. I have three books.

2. 主谓一致

要采取就近一致原则，和靠近 be 的主语一致。如：

There is a pen, two rulers in the box. 盒子里有一只钢笔，两把尺子。

There are two boys and a teacher at the school gate. 门口有两个男孩，一个老师。

3. There be+名词+分词