高级英语1 lesson 3课后练习答案及补充练习

Lesson 3 Ships in the Desert
课后练习答案及补充练习
习题全解
I.
1)The writer went to the Aral Sea to search for the underlying causes of the environmental crisis. What he saw there was hot dry sand.
2)It was the annual layers of ice in a core sample dug from the glacier.
3)Scientists were monitoring the air several times a day to chart the course of the climate change.
4)Because the polar cap plays a crucial role in the world's weather system, the thinning of the polar cap might cause flood in many places of the world.
5)There are more different species of birds in each square mile of the Amazon than exist in all of North America. The destruction of the Amazon rain forest will mean silencing thousands of songs we have never even heard.
6)The writer calls noctilucent clouds"ghosts in the sky". As a result of pollution, the clouds occasionally appear when the earth is first cloaked in the evening darkness. And they appear more often because of a huge buildup of methane gas in the atmosphere.
7)Because we are not yet awakened to take effective measures to deal with the climate change.
8)Carbon dioxide's ability to trap heat in the atmosphere causes global warming. Because global warming seriously threatens the global climate equilibrium that determines the pat- tern of winds, rainfall, surface temperatures, ocean cur- rents, and sea level. These in turn determine the distribution of vegetative and animal life on land and sea and have a great effect on the location and pattern of human societies.
9)The two key factors are human population and the scientific and technological development. The dramatic changes that have occurred in these two factors are a sudden and startling surge in human population and a sudden acceleration of the scientific and technological revolution.
10)The writer's solution to our ecological problems is to reinvent and finally heal the relationship between human beings and the earth by carrying out a careful reassessment of all the {actors that led to the relatively recent dramatic change in the relationship.
Ⅱ.
1)It was not at all possible to catch a large amount of fish.
2)Following the layers of ice in the core sample, his finger came to the place where the
layer of ice was formed 2050 years ago.
3)keeps its engines running for fear that if he stops them, the metal parts would be frozen solid and the engines would not be able to start again
4)Bit by bit trees in the rain forest are felled and the land is cleared and turned into pasture where cattle can be raised quickly and slaughtered and the beef can be used in ham- burgers.
5)Since miles of forest are being destroyed and the habitat for these rare birds no longer exists, thousands of birds which we have not even had a chance to see will become extinct.
6)Thinking about how a series of events might happen as a consequence of the thinning of the polar cap is not just a kind of practice in conjecture (speculation), it has got practical Value.
7) We are using and destroying resources in such a huge amount that we are disturbing the balance between daylight and darkness.
8) Or have we been so accustomed to the bright electric lights that we fail to understand the threatening implication of these clouds.
9)To put forword the question in a different way
10)and greatly affect the living places and activities of human societies
ll)We seem unaware that the earth's natural systems are delicate.
12)And this continuing revolution has also suddenly developed at a speed that doubled and tripled the original speed.
Ⅲ. See the translation of the text.
IV.
1)transportation, imitation, destruction 2)encirclement, enrichment, enlightenment
3)postage, coinage, advantage 4)sharpness, boldness, smoothness
5)admission, concession, depression 6)productivity, sensitivity, desirability
7)posture, departure, indenture8)independence, prudence, impudence
9)flagrancy, consistency, potency 10)analysis, metabasis, metamorphosis
ll)dictatorship, ownership, partnership 12)depth, length, birth
V.
1)technology 技术
2)ecology 生态学
3)hydrology水文学
4)phrenology 颅像学
5)neurology 神经病学
6)pathology 病理学
7)physiology生理学
8)pharmacology药理学
9)gynaecology妇科学
10) oceanology海洋学
11)lexicology词汇学
12)archaeology考古学
13)anthropology人类学
14)criminology犯罪学
Ⅵ．
1)anarchist无政府主义者
2)naturalist自然主义者
3)biologist生物学家
4)psychologist心理学家
5)satirist讽刺作家
6)encyclopaedist百科全书编纂者
7)geologist地质学家
8)sociologist社会学家
9)zoologist动物学家
10)impressionist印象派艺术家
11)environmentalist环境保护论者
12)terrorist恐怖主义分子
Ⅶ．
1)submarine潜水艇
2)submerge淹没，潜入水中
3)subantartic亚南极的
4)subsolar在太阳正下面的，赤道的
5)subhead小标题
6)subaquatic半水栖的
7)subdivide把……再分
8)suboxide低氧化物
9)subclass亚纲
10) subclimax亚顶极群落
11)subcommittee小组委员会
12)subconscious下意识的
13)subcontinent次大陆
14)subcontract转包合同
15)subculture亚文化群
16)subspecies亚种
17)subsoil 底土
18)sublethal ( 毒药量等) 尚不致命的
Ⅷ.
inland sea, desert, core sample, glacier, atmosphere, carbon dioxide, polar ice cap, global warming, Amazon rain forest, species of birds, ecological balance, noctilucent cloud, methane gas, natural gas, landfills, coal mines, rice paddies, termites, biomass, upper atmosphere, elephants, greenhouse gases, water vapor, growing mountains of waste, acid rain, chlorine, human activities, heat-absorbing molecules, global climate equilibrium, winds, rainfall, surface temperatures, ocean currents, sea level, vegetative and animal life, etc.
IX.
1)basic examples
2)unalterable
3)meeting
4)characterized strike against each other 5)set up
6)see, attack
7)at the same time
8)balance
9)increasing, existence
10)task
11)out-of-date
X.
1)consequences
2)results
3)results
4)outcome
5)results,
6)outcome
7)causes
8)causes
9)reason
10)reason
11)relations
12)relationship
13) relations
14)relationship
15)complex
16)complex
17)complicated
18)complex
19)simple
20)simplistic
XI.
1)with
2)of
3)on
4)of
5)in
6)in
7)against
8)than
9)of
10)as
11)as
12)with
13)of
14)of
15)for
16)of
XII.
relationship, environment, garbage, what, endless, allow, that, dumping, dispose, drown, having, old, mind, running, waste, it, sight, recent, debates, disposal, ocean, elsewhere, confront, capacity, of, quantities, only, change, reduce, we, used, interdependent, chosen, unless, dramatically, thinking, humankind, inherit
XIII. Omitted.
XIV.
We Must Protect Our Ecological System
With the development of human civilization, man has created countless wonders, but at what a price! Our ecological sys-tem, on which all animals' existence depends, has been seriously damaged and is still being threatened. The earth's temperature is getting higher, more and more forests are being felled, large numbers of animals are facing extinction, and deserts are expanding at an incredible rate.
The causes for the worsening ecological system are manifold. Perhaps two of the major problems lie in people's pursuit of short-term interests with little attention to long-term interest sand their pursuit of individual interests rather than collective interests. In the first case, many lakes are filled to grow crops or even build houses; trees are cut down, only bare mountains stand cold in the wind and are capable of holding no water when it rains. In the second case, scenic spots become dirty and deserted because of newly established nearby factories producing waste water and air; industrial countries invest heavily in chemical factories in the Third World nations, keeping their own land relatively clean.
To solve the problems mentioned above, we should try our best to balance short-term interests with long-term ones by making long-term plans and taking as many things as possible into consideration. We're living today and are still to live tomorrow we and our posterity both have to live on the earth. Besides, Global action should be taken to protect our ecological system. People, eastern or western, rich or poor, should join their hands to prevent our ecological system from being further damaged. We have only one earth and we have to make it a better world.
《
高级英语》第一册练习
Lesson 3
Ships in the Desert
Ⅰ. Choose the best words to complete the sentences.
1. This thought _______ their objections.
A. underlied
B. processed
C. scattered
D. slipped
2. She wore a dress that _______ her stomach.
A. pointed
B. revealed
C. burned
3. The boiling water _______ the glass.
A. crashed
B. stretched
C. changed
D. cracked
4. The patient showed signs of ________.
A. distress
B. layers
C. atmosphere
D. slab
5. The trade union _______a new contract with the owner.
A. monitored
B. absorbed
C. negotiated
D. comprehend
6. The bank required collateral to _______ the loan agreement. [kəˈlætərəl]附属担保品
A. adjust
B. secure
C. reserved
D. shimmered
7. The film will soon be _______.
A. threatened
B. understood
C. released
D. shimmered
8. The noise outside _____ my attention.
A. distracts
B. transforms
C. resists
D. changes
9. The amount of rain _____ the growth of crops.
A. influenced
B. effected
D. impacted
10. He _____ several important changes.
A. emerged
B. submerged
C. restrained
D. effected
11. Scientists ____ that there is no animal life on the Mars.
A. present
B. assume
C. assess
D. require
12. This is a fact even our enemies have to _____.
A. hold
B. leapfrog
C. complicate
D. acknowledge
13. He tried to _______ his anger.
A. disarm
B. restrain
C. pose
D. include
14. I have got ___ in the quarrel between Tom and Jack.
A. involved
B. inspired
C. concluded
D. accomplished
15. An airliner ____west of the city last night.
A. arose
B. landed
C. crashed
D. dropped
16. I saw a clearly __ shape outside the window in a flash of light.
A. developed
B. accelerated
D. defined
17. The milk __ over the table.
A. distributed
B. reshaped
C. lasted
D. spilled
18. Can't you guess the meaning of the word from the _______?
A. environment
B. atmosphere
C. context
D. relationship
19. The children were thin and badly in need of ________.
A. precedents
B. sustenance
C. species
D. regulation
20. This microscope has a _____ of eight.
A. magnification
B. acceleration
C. transformation
D. collision
Ⅱ. Spell out the words according to the meaning and the first letter of the word is given.
1. to move or hit with little waves. l
2. a large-scale plan produced by a government.s
3. lasting forever.p
4. an enclosed area in a harbor where ships go to be loaded, unloaded and repaired. d
5. the release of sth. such as gas. e
6. able to be reached. a
7. person who goes with another. c
8. to meet and strike together violently. c
9. causing much argument c
2-1: /答案:lap2-2: /答案:scheme2-3: /答案:permanent
2-4: /答案:dock2-5: /答案:emission2-6: /答案:accessible
2-7: /答案:companion2-8: /答案:collide2-9: /答案:controversial
10. land where grass is grown for cattle p
11. a group of plants or animals that are of the same kind. s
12. typical example i
13. great suffering of the mind or body. d
14. a large group of insects moving in a mass.s
15. the repeated happening of sth. f
16. to make impure or bad. c
17. an outer sign of inner change.s
18. to add pictures to show the meaning of sth.i
19. to go under the surface of water.s
20. to get rid of as useless. d
2-10: /答案:pasture2-11: /答案:species2-12: /答案:image
2-13: /答案:distress2-14: /答案:swarm2-15: /答案:frequency
2-16: /答案:contaminate2-17: /答案:symptom2-18: /答案:illustrate
2-19: /答案:subemerge2-20: /答案:discard
Ⅲ. Fill in the blank with the following phrases and make changes if necessary.
__________________________________
a good catch, at best, at rest, at stake, in time to, blot out, comparable to, in nature, in progress, in the process, in turn, present … with, reserve for, taken together, to the point
__________________________________
1. Nothing is______her beauty.
2. The mist came down and _______ the view
3. He is__好配偶for some young woman.
4. Our work is ___now .
5. I told Frank and he______ told Sheila.
6. They are trying to extend the range of goods they sell and,_____ to appeal to a new type of customer.
3-1: /答案:comparable to 3-2: /答案:blotted out3-3: /答案:a good catch3-4: /答案:in progress. 3-5: /答案:in turn 3-6: /答案:in the process3-7: /答案:at stake
7. The company is on the verge of bankruptcy, and hundreds of jobs are____ .
8. These seats are _____ old and sick people.
9. Our class ____the school ____a clock.
10. We can’t get home before nine o’clock _____ .
11. The machine is _______.
3-8: /答案:reserved for3-9: /答案:presented with3-10: /答案: at best. 3-11: /答案:at rest3-12: /答案:in time to3-13: /答案:to the point
3-14: /答案:Taken together3-15: /答案:in nature
12. The audience clapped_______ the music.
13. The temperature rose ____ that the firemen had to leave from building.
14._______,总体来说these measures should create a lot of new jobs.
15. The two things are the same in outward form but different _____ .
Ⅳ. Text comprehension:
1. By saying “It wasn’t a good day,” the author meant ______.
A. there wasn’t any fish
B. the weather was not good
C. they were not feeling good
D. it’s impossible to have a good catch of fish
2. In order to search for the underlying causes of the environmental crisis, the author has been to ________.
A. the equator
B. the North pole
C. the South pole
D. all the above
4-1: /答案:D 4-2: /答案:D4-3: /答案:C4-4: /答案:D 4-5: /答案:C
3. According to the author, _______ is the worst among the following problems.
A. acid rain
B. large oil spills
C. global warming
D. the contamination of underground aquifers
4. The eventual solution to the arms race exists in _______.
A. disarmament of one side
B. a new deployment of forces on either side
C. some ultimate weapon owned by one side or another
D. new understanding and a mutual transformation of relationship itself
5. From this text we learned the best way to settle the environmental crisis is to ______.
A. return to nature
B. stop deforestation
C. educate people about environment
D. reduce our power to affect the world
Ⅴ. Write T for a true statement and F for a false statement, according to the text.
1. The core sample dug from the glacier showed that a small reduction in one country’s emissions had changed the amount of pollution found in the Antarctic.
3. There are more different species of birds in each square mile of the Amazon than in all Americas.
4. In high northern latitude, you can sometimes see a strange kind of cloud high in the sky, if the sky is clear after sunset.
5. All the water pollution, air pollution, and illegal waste dumping are essentially local in nature.
5-1: /答案:T5-3: /答案:F5-4: /答案:T5-5: /答案:F
5-6: /答案:T5-7: /答案:T5-8: /答案:T5-9: /答案:F
5-10: /答案:F
6. Human civilization is now the main cause of change in the global environment.
7. The 20th century has witnessed two key factors that define the physical reality of our relationship to the earth are: a sudden and starling surge in human population and a sudden acceleration of the scientific and technological revolution.
8. The startling images of environmental destruction now occurring all over the world have so much in common that they do not shock and awake us any more.
9. The problem of the unclear arms race is primarily caused by technology.
10. The key changes in the transformation of the way we relate to the earth involve more new technologies than new ways of thinking about the relationship itself.
Ⅵ. Point out the right rhetorical device for the following used in the text.
1. … but as I looked out over the bow, the prospects of a good catch looked bleak.
2. Acre by acre, the rain forest is being burned to create fast pasture for fast-food beef:
3. What should we feel toward these ghosts in the sky?
4. But, without even consider ing that threat, shouldn’t it startle us that we have now put these clouds in the evening sky which glisten with a spectral light?
5. And in our own time we have reshaped a large part of the earth’s face with concrete in our cities …
6-1: /答案:understatement6-2: /答案:alliteration
6-3: /答案:metaphor6-4: /答案:rhetorical question
6-5: /答案:metonymy
第一册第3课练习答案
1-1: /答案:A1-2: /答案:B1-3: /答案:D1-4: /答案:A 1-5: /答案:C1-6: /答案:B1-7: /答案:C1-8: /答案:A
1-9: /答案:C1-10: /答案:D1-11: /答案:B1-12: /答案:D 1-13: /答案:B1-14: /答案:A1-15: /答案:C1-16: /答案:D 1-17: /答案:D1-18: /答案:C1-19: /答案:B1-20: /答案:A 2-1: /答案:lap2-2: /答案:scheme2-3: /答案:permanent
2-4: /答案:dock2-5: /答案:emission2-6: /答案:accessible
2-7: /答案:companion2-8: /答案:collide2-9: /答案:controversial
2-10: /答案:pasture2-11: /答案:species2-12: /答案:image
2-13: /答案:distress2-14: /答案:swarm2-15: /答案:frequency
2-16: /答案:contaminate2-17: /答案:symptom2-18: /答案:illustrate
2-19: /答案:subemerge2-20: /答案:discard 3-1: /答案:comparable to
3-2: /答案:blotted out3-3: /答案:a good catch3-4: /答案:in progress.
3-5: /答案:in turn 3-6: /答案:in the process3-7: /答案:at stake
3-8: /答案:reserved for3-9: /答案:presented with3-10: /答案: at best.
3-11: /答案:at rest3-12: /答案:in time to3-13: /答案:to the point
3-14: /答案:Taken together3-15: /答案:in nature4-1: /答案:D
4-2: /答案:D4-3: /答案:C4-4: /答案:D4-5: /答案:C 5-1: /答案:T5-2: /答案:F5-3: /答案:F5-4: /答案:T5-5: /答案:F
5-6: /答案:T5-7: /答案:T5-8: /答案:T5-9: /答案:F
5-10: /答案:F6-1: /答案:understatement6-2: /答案:alliteration
6-3: /答案:metaphor6-4: /答案:rhetorical question
6-5: /答案:metonymy。