初中英语音标发音规则[1]

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[实用参考]初中英语音标发音表及发音规则.doc

[实用参考]初中英语音标发音表及发音规则.doc

一、英语音标发音表英语国际音标共48个音素,其中元音音素20个,辅音音素28个。

[i:]字母组合eeeaeie--threetreegreensheepmeetbeefseeseekeatteameatleaveleadteacherte ammeanspeakcleanpiece[æ]发音字母a--baghandandanthappPhatmapmadbadblackbackgladflagshallman [e]字母组合eaea--headbreadpleasureelephantelectricremembersellshelllessonbetterbed deskhotelPesmanPanP[]字母组合irureareror--girlshirtskirtthirtPthirteenthirdbirdturnburnmurdernursetu rtleThursdaPburgerlearnearnearthheard[ε]字母组合erorouaroaeu--teacherleaderrememberplaPerspeakerfarmerpowderdoctoractor maPorauthortractordeliciousgraciouspleasurefamiliarcollardollartogether tomorrowtodaPlessoncontrolaroundaccountagoelephantmantabananaCanada [a:]字母组合ara--carfarmcardarmgardenfastclasslastglassplantauntcalm []发音字母uoouoo--upsupperlunchfungunhuntcupbuscomemotherdosebrotherloveabovetrou bleroughflourishbloodflood[]字母组合alorauourar--smallwalltalktallhallballcallwalkshortmorelordhorseforfort Psportdoorfloorstoreauthorcaughtautumnfourmourncourtboughtwarmquarrelqu arter[]发音字母oa--hotlostlotfoGboGmophoplosscollarnotwantwashwatch [u:]字母组合ooou--foodmoonroomgloombroomdoomgoosetoothshoedotwotruetruthbluefullpru de[u]字母组合ooouuo--lookgoodfootbookwoodshouldcouldputfullbullpullpushwomanwolf [ei]发音字母aaPeaaieP--namecakelategateplaneAprilplaPsaPmaPwaPgreatbreakrainpaintpl ainthePgreP[ai]发音字母iP--bikefinefinddieninelightnighthighmPtrPflPePe[au]字母组合ouow--houseoutflourgroundaccountcountsoundloudaroundmouseflowerdownnowc owhowtown[]发音字母oowoa--homecoldgonophonehostghostknowlowbelowgrowblowshowflowboatcoatgoal[i]字母组合eerear--beerdeerearnearherefierceidea[]字母组合earairere--pearbearchairairfairtherewherecare[u]字母组合ourower--hourtourflowershower[t]treetwotentontowntwentPcitP[d]doordulldeskdosedodogdictionarP[k]kingkitekePlookcookbookkitchenskP[g]girlgoodgoalgoatgradelonglanguage[m]manmakemoonmorningmovecomecomb[n]pentenninefinenightnoonmoonclean[]unclebankEnglishthinkthankjunksingkingmorning[l]longlandlendlordflPflagblackworldcoldcouldgoalsoul[r]readredrightrunroomwrite[f]fiveflPfineflagfrogfogroofknifelifewifecoughlaughrough[v]verPeveningeveneverPvoicevestof[s]siGsitstudentsameseatkissmisscasescarf[z]zoozebrazerozapclosenosehosesupposepausethose[]thatthisthosethesethough[∫]sheepshouldershipshoeshebrushwashnationattention[h]hothophomehousehorsehowwho[w]whenwhatwherewindowwindwood[j]PesPearPellPouPourPolkPellow[]childchickenchinachairlunchouchcatchteach[]agelanguagecabbagevegetablestagebridgejoPenjoPjoinJulPJunejunk [tr]treecountrPtrPtreattracktrunk[dr]drPdreamdropdrivedrink[ts]studentsbootsboatsgoatsnuts[dz]goodswoodsmoodshoods二、特殊单词发音:元音:1)[i:]字母组合:eeeaeiethreetreegreensheepmeetbeefseeseek(ee)eatteameatleaveleadteacherteammeanspeakcleanplease(ea)hesheme(e)piecereceiveceiling(ie,ei)2)[i]发音字母iPe sitpictureitislistsiGmiGfiGfitpigbigbuildmiss mPthmanPtwentPhappPdictionarPdefectdecidedelicious3)发音字母a baghandandanthappPhatmapmadbadblackbackgladflagshallman 4)[e]字母组合eaeaheadbreadpleasure elephantelectricremembersellshelllessonbetterbeddeskhot elPesmanPanP5)[ε:]字母组合irureareror girlshirtskirtthirtPthirteenthirdbird turnburnmurdernurseturtleThursdaPburger learnearnearthheardtermhernerdserveworkwormworkworld6)[ε]字母组合erorouaroaeu teacherleaderrememberplaPerspeakerfarmerpowder doctoractormaPorauthortractordeliciousgraciouspleasurefamiliar collardollartogethertomorrowtodaPshalloplessonWashingto ncontrolpolitearoundaccountago elephantmantabananaCanadaJapanchinamenlisten famulusSaturdaP7)[a:]字母组合aracarfarmcardarmgardenfastclasslastglassplantauntcalm8)[]发音字母uoouooupsupperlunchfungunhuntcupbus comemotherdosebrotherloveabovetroubleroughflourishbloodflood9)[]字母组合alorauouraraw smallwalltalktallhallballcallwalk shortmorelordhorseforfortPsportdoorfloorstore authorcaughtautumnfourmourncourtboughtwarmquarrelquarterdrawsawflaw10)[]发音字母oa hotlostlotfoGboGmophoplosscollarnotwantwash11)[u:]字母组合ooou foodmoonroomgloombroomdoomgoosetoothshoedotwotruetruthbluefull12)[u]字母组合ooouulookgoodfootbookshouldcouldputfullbullpullpushwomanwolf13)[ei]发音字母aaPeaaieP namecakelategateplaneAprilplaPsaPmaPwaPgreatbreakrainpaintplainthePgreP14)[ai]发音字母iPbikefinefinddieninelightnighthighmPtrPflPePe15)[au]字母组合ouow houseoutflourgroundaccountcountsoundloudaroundmouse flowerdownnowcowhowtown16)[εu]发音字母oowoahomecoldgonophonehostghost knowlowbelowgrowblowshowflowboatcoatgoal17)[]字母组合oPoiboPtoPjoPoilsoilvoicechoice18)[iε]字母组合eerbeerdeerearideanearherefierce19)[]字母组合earair pearbearchairairfaircaretherewhere20)[uε]hourtourpoorflowershower[ei][ai][aU][EU][Ri][i[][Z[][UE]2容易混淆的元音[][e] badbedhandheadmanmenlandlendpanpensadsaid[i:][ei]realrailgreetgreatmeanmainreadraid[e][ai]betbiteredwritesaidsideheadhide[aU][] househorseloudlordsouthsaucecloudclausenownorcountcorn [aU][]foundfonddowndonegowngonetownton3辅音1)[p]penpearplaPpigpourpullpush2)[b]bookbigbootbikebreadbreak3)[t]treetwotentontowntwentPcitP4)[d]doordulldeskdosedodogdictionarP5)[k]kingkitekePlookcookbookkitchenskP(发音字母k) cardcatcreamcorrectclimbcomeaccountaccept(发音字母c) foGboGoGPgenG-raP(发音字母G)schoolscheduleschema(字母组合ch)6)[g]girlgoodgoalgoatgradelonglanguage7)[m]manmakemoonmorningmovecomecomb8)[n]pentenninefinenightnoonmoonclean9)[N]unclebankEnglishthinkthankjunk singkingmorningevening10)[l]longlandlendlordflPflagblack worldcoldcouldgoalsoul11)[r]readredrightrunroomwrite12)[f]fiveflPfineflagfrogfogroofknifelifewife(字母f)coughlaughrough(字母gh)phPsicphotophone(ph)13)[v]verPeveningeveneverPvoicevest(字母v)of(字母f)14)[s]siGsitstudentsameseatkissmisscasescarf(发音字母s) licensecitPceasecedarceilingcelebrate(发音字母c) licencepiecejuicesciencelancespaceace(字母组合ce)15)[z]zoozebrazerozap(z) closenosehosesupposepausethosewhose(se)16)[]thinkthankthreethirtPtoothmouth17)[]thatthisthosethesethough18)[]sheepshouldershipshoeshebrushwash(sh) nationattentionstationsocialspecialsure19)[]pleasure20)[h]hothophomehousehorsehowwho21)[w]whenwhatwherewindowwindwood22)[j]PesPearPellPouPourPolkPellow23)[]childchickenchinachairlunchouchteach(字母组合ch)catchwatchmatch(字母组合tch)24)[]agelanguagecabbagevegetablestagebridgejoPenjoPjoinJulPJunejunk25)[tr]treecountrPtrPtreattracktrunk26)[dr]drPdreamdropdrivedrink27)[ts]studentsbootsboatsgoatsnuts28)[dz]goodswoodsmoodshoods4容易混淆的辅音[v][w]vestwestvetwetvinewineverPwell[s][] sinkthinkmassmathmissmPthsortsought[z][]closeclothbreezebreathe[n][] thinthingsinsingranrangbanbangwinwing5字母,组合音节发音规律1)a[ei][?][][a:][] lateprivategradebakegrapenationstationpage activehandbankfanparentfamilPgladflag acceptaboutaboveformativemachinecinema fastlastglassclasspastfather washwhatwatchwant2)e[i:][e][i][]不发音appreciateeGtremelPsecretshemehe letterleftmessagegeneratepebble decideprettPpreviousresultrestore problemprosperousstudentconfident activetablelatewifestorelecture3)i[ai][i] highpricelibrarPicecreamwifesizeline fistpickchickenpiano fiancécitPunit4)o[][][][][] lodehostcoldnoteokaPoldhome losedowhowhoseprovelovesomeothermotherhonePcompanP todaPtomorrowtogethercontrolcollect losthotmockofficesofthonest5)u[ju][u][][] universitPrefuseuniqueuniversehuge putpushpullfullbull butbrushbucketduckbubblesupportsuggest6)c[k][s] countrPcampcameracouragecable citPceilingcelebratecellcease7)g[g][][]girlgradeglassgladebagflag villagevegetablebridgegentlemangPm longsongsingmorningevening8)l[l]读音不同listenlearnlanguagecollectEnglishgorilla worldcoldsoiltallsellcoolanimal9)n[n][]moonnightnoodlenumber unclehungrPangrPPoung10)r[r][](美语发音) rightreadwritegradeprogress cardboarddoorfloorformnorth11)P[j][i][ai] PellowPearPellPoungPolk universitPcountrPprettPhappP dPkedPingflPbuPbPmP12)ar[a:][][]farmcardgardenmarkdollarwarmquarrelquarter13)ea[i:][e][ei][]ceaseseasonbreathefeaturemeatplease breadbreastbreathmeadowweather greatbreakidearealize14)ear[][]learnearthearnheard hearnearclearearfear15)er[][][]deserveserveherperson teacherdriverangersinger seriouseGperiencemPsteriousfierce 16)ere[][]heremerefereserethere17)ir[][ai]shirtgirlskirtadmiredesire18)oo[u:][u][][] roomtoolcoolmoonnoongooffood goodfootstoodwoodwoolcookwoodbook bloodflooddoorfloor19)or[][][]shortformcornbornfor workworldwormwordworst tractordoctoractorsectorseniorsenator 20)oor[][]doorfloormoorpoorboor21)our[][]hourtourflourbournlour pourcourtfourmourn22)ou[au][][] housemouthmousesoundfound enoughtroubletouch。

初中英语音标发音表及发音规则

初中英语音标发音表及发音规则

一、英语音标发音表英语国际音标共48个音素,其中元音音素20个,辅音音素28个。

国际音标(英语语音)元音单元音前元音[i:] [i] [e] [?]中元音[?] [?:] [?]后元音[u:] [u] [?:] [?] [a:] 双元音开合双元音[ei] [ai] [?i] [?u] [au]集中双元音[i?] [ε?] [u?]辅音爆破音清辅音[p] [t] [k]浊辅音[b] [d] [g]摩擦音清辅音[f] [s] [?] [θ] [h]浊辅音[v] [z] [?] [e]破擦音清辅音[t?] [tr] [ts]浊辅音[d?] [dr] [dz]鼻音(浊辅音)[m] [n] [?]舌则音(浊辅音)[l] [r]半元音(浊辅音)[w] [j][i:]字母组合 ee ea e ie --three tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean piece[?]发音字母 a--bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man[e]字母组合 ea e a--head bread pleasure elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any[]字母组合ir ur ear er or--girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger learn earn earth heard [ε]字母组合 er or ou ar o a e u--teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder doctor actor mayor author tractor delicious gracious pleasure familiar collar dollar together tomorrow today lesson control around account ago elephant manta banana Canada[a:] 字母组合 ar a--car farm card arm garden fast class last glass plant aunt calm[]发音字母 u o ou oo--up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus come mother dose brother love above trouble rough flourish blood flood[]字母组合 al or au our ar--small wall talk tall hall ball call walk short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumn four mourn court bought warm quarrel quarter[]发音字母 o a--hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not want wash watch[u:]字母组合 oo o u--food moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth shoe do two true truth blue full prude[u]字母组合 oo ou u o--look good foot book wood should could put full bull pull push woman wolf[ei]发音字母 a ay ea ai ey--name cake late gate plane April play say may way great break rain paint plain they grey[ai]发音字母 i y--bike fine find die nine light night high my try fly eye[au]字母组合 ou ow--house out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse flower down now cow how town[]发音字母 o ow oa--home cold go no phone host ghost know low below grow blow show flow boat coat goal[i]字母组合 eer ear--beer deerear near here fierce idea[]字母组合ear air ere--pear bear chair air fair there where care [u]字母组合our ower--hour tour flower shower[t] tree two ten ton town twenty city[d] door dull desk dose do dog dictionary[k] king kite key look cook book kitchen sky[g] girl good goal goat grade long language[m] man make moon morning move come comb[n] pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean[] uncle bank English think thank junk??sing king morning[l] long land lend lord fly flag black world cold could goal soul [r] read red right run room write[f] five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wife cough laugh rough [v] very evening even every voice vest of[s] six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf[z] zoo zebra zero zap close nose hose suppose pause those[] that this those these though[∫] sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash nation attention[h] hot hop home house horse how who[w] when what where window wind wood[j] yes year yell you your yolk yellow[] child chicken china chair lunch ouch catch teach[] age language cabbage vegetable stage bridge joy enjoy join July Junejunk[tr] tree country try treat track trunk[dr] dry dream drop drive drink[ts] students boots boats goats nuts[dz] goods woods moods hoods二、特殊单词发音:元音:1) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e iethree tree green sheep meet beef see seek(ee)eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak cleanplease(ea)he she me(e)piece receive ceiling (ie,ei)2) [i] 发音字母 i y esit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build missmyth many twenty happy dictionarydefect decide delicious3) 发音字母 abag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man4) [e] 字母组合 ea e ahead bread pleasureelephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yesmany any5) [ε:] 字母组合ir ur ear er orgirl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third birdturn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burgerlearn earn earth heardterm her nerd servework worm work world6) [ε] 字母组合 er or ou ar o a e uteacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder doctor actor mayor author tractordelicious graciouspleasure familiarcollar dollar together tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control polite around account agoelephant manta banana Canada Japan china men listenfamulus Saturday7) [a:] 字母组合 ar acar farm card arm gardenfast class last glass plant aunt calm8) [ ] 发音字母 u o ou ooup supper lunch fun gun hunt cup buscome mother dose brother love abovetrouble rough flourishblood flood9) [ ]字母组合 al or au our ar awsmall wall talk tall hall ball call walkshort more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumnfour mourn court boughtwarm quarrel quarterdraw saw flaw10) [ ] 发音字母 o ahot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar notwant wash11) [u:] 字母组合 oo o ufood moon room gloom broom doom goose toothshoe do twotrue truth blue full12) [u] 字母组合 oo ou ulook good foot bookshould couldput full bull pull pushwoman wolf13) [ei] 发音字母 a ay ea ai eyname cake late gate plane Aprilplay say may waygreat breakrain paint plainthey grey14) [ai] 发音字母 i ybike fine find die nine light night highmy try fly eye15) [au] 字母组合 ou owhouse out flour ground account count sound loud around mouseflower down now cow how town16) [εu] 发音字母 o ow oahome cold go no phone host ghostknow low below grow blow show flowboat coat goal17) [ ] 字母组合oy oiboy toy joyoil soil voice choice18) [iε] 字母组合 eerbeer deer ear idea near here fierce19) [ ] 字母组合ear airpear bear chair air fair care there where20) [uε] hour tour poor flower shower[ei] [ai] [aU] [EU] [Ri] [i[] [Z[] [UE]2 容易混淆的元音[ ] [e]bad bed hand head man men land lend pan pen sad said [i:] [ei]real rail greet great mean main read raid[e] [ai]bet bite red write said side head hide[aU] [ ]house horse loud lord south sauce cloud clause now nor count corn[aU] [ ]found fond down done gown gone town ton3辅音1) [p] pen pear play pig pour pull push2) [b] book big boot bike bread break3) [t] tree two ten ton town twenty city4) [d] door dull desk dose do dog dictionary5) [k] king kite key look cook book kitchen sky (发音字母k)card cat cream correct climb come account accept (发音字母c)fox box oxygen x-ray (发音字母x)school schedule schema (字母组合ch)6) [g] girl good goal goat grade long language7) [m] man make moon morning move come comb8) [n] pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean9) [N] uncle bank English think thank junksing king morning evening10) [l] long land lend lord fly flag blackworld cold could goal soul11) [r] read red right run room write12) [f] five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wife (字母f)cough laugh rough(字母gh)physic photo phone (ph)13) [v] very evening even every voice vest( 字母v)of (字母f)14) [s] six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf (发音字母s)license city cease cedar ceiling celebrate (发音字母c) licence piece juice science lance space ace (字母组合ce) 15) [z] zoo zebra zero zap (z)close nose hose suppose pause those whose (se)16) [ ] think thank three thirty tooth mouth17) [ ] that this those these though18) [ ] sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash (sh) nation attention stationsocial specialsure19) [ ] pleasure20) [h] hot hop home house horse how who21) [w] when what where window wind wood22) [j] yes year yell you your yolk yellow23) [ ] child chicken china chair lunch ouch teach (字母组合ch)catch watch match (字母组合tch)24) [ ] age language cabbage vegetable stage bridge joy enjoy join July June junk25) [tr] tree country try treat track trunk26) [dr] dry dream drop drive drink27) [ts] students boots boats goats nuts28) [dz] goods woods moods hoods4容易混淆的辅音[v] [w]vest west vet wet vine wine very well[s] [ ]sink think mass math miss myth sort sought[z] [ ]close cloth breeze breathe[n] [ ]thin thing sin sing ran rang ban bang win wing5 字母,组合音节发音规律1)a [ei] [?] [ ] [a:] [ ]late private grade bake grape nation station page active hand bank fan parent family glad flag accept about above formative machine cinemafast last glass class past fatherwash what watch want2)e [i:] [e] [i] [ ] 不发音appreciate extremely secret she me heletter left message generate pebbledecide pretty previous result restore problem prosperous student confidentactive table late wife store lecture3)i [ai] [i]high price library ice cream wife size line fist pick chicken piano fiancé city unit4)o [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]lode host cold note okay old homelose do who whose provelove some other mother honey companytoday tomorrow together control collectlost hot mock office soft honest5)u [ju] [u] [ ] [ ]university refuse unique universe hugeput push pull full bullbut brush bucket duck bubblesupport suggest6)c [k] [s]country camp camera courage cablecity ceiling celebrate cell cease7)g [g] [ ] [ ]girl grade glass glade bag flagvillage vegetable bridge gentleman gymlong song sing morning evening8) l [l] 读音不同listen learn language collect English gorilla world cold soil tall sell cool animal9) n [n] [ ]moon night noodle numberuncle hungry angry young10) r [r] [ ](美语发音)right read write grade progresscard board door floor form north11)y [j] [i] [ai]yellow year yell young yolkuniversity country pretty happydyke dying fly buy by my12)ar [a:] [ ] [ ]farm card garden markdollarwarm quarrel quarter13) ea [i:] [e] [ei] [ ]cease season breathe feature meat please bread breast breath meadow weathergreat breakidea realize14) ear [ ] [ ]learn earth earn heardhear near clear ear fear15) er [ ] [ ] [ ]deserve serve her personteacher driver anger singerserious experience mysterious fierce 16) ere [ ] [ ]here mere fere serethere17) ir [ ] [ai]shirt girl skirtadmire desire18) oo [u:] [u] [ ] [ ]room tool cool moon noon goof foodgood foot stood wood wool cook wood book blood flooddoor floor19) or [ ] [ ] [ ]short form corn born forwork world worm word worsttractor doctor actor sector senior senator 20) oor [ ] [ ]door floormoor poor boor21) our [ ] [ ]hour tour flour bourn lourpour court four mourn22) ou [au] [ ] [ ]house mouth mouse sound foundenough trouble touchdelicious gracious prosperous23) ow [ ] [au]window meadow know show lownow town how down cow24) se [z] [s]nose suppose gose lose pose rosemouse house25) th [W] [T]thank think thought clothclothes that this then than26) sion [ ] [ ]propulsion tension progression passionprotrusion provision conclusion television27) tion [ ] [ ](不常见)station nation translation attentionquestion三、连续与爆破音那么,什么是连读呢?在连贯地说话或朗读时,在同一个意群(即短语或从句)中,如果相邻的两个词前者以辅音音素结尾,后者以元音音素开头,如:not at all如:Please take a look at it.I’m~an~English boy.It~is~an~old book.Let me have~a look~at~it.Ms Black worked in~an~office last~yesterday.I called~you half~an~hour~ago.Put~it~on, please.Not~at~all.Please pick~it~up.“辅音+半元音”型连读英语语音中的 /j/和/w/是半元音,如果前一个词是以辅音结尾,后一个词是以半元音,特别是/j/开头,此时也要连读。

英语音标及发音规则

英语音标及发音规则

英语音标及发音规则英语音标是一种用来标示英语音素的符号系统,它包括了26个字母和约44个音标符号。

它的主要目的是为了帮助学习者正确发音英语单词,并解决不同语言中可能存在的发音差异问题。

以下是一些英语音标及其发音规则的介绍。

1.元音音标(Vowel Sounds):- 单音节元音(Monophthongs): 有12个单音节元音音标,每个音标对应一个音素,如/iː/(比如,beat)、/ɪ/(bit)、/æ/(bat)、/ʌ/(but)、/ʊ/(book)、/ə/(about)、/e/(bet)、/ɛ/(bet)、/ɑː/(bath)、/ɔː/(bought)、/ɜː/(bird)、/ʊə/(boot)。

- 双元音(Diphthongs): 有8个双元音音标,每个音标代表两个音素的组合,如/eɪ/(比如,day)、/aɪ/(buy)、/ɔɪ/(boy)、/aʊ/(now)、/əʊ/(no)、/ɪə/(near)、/eə/(hair)、/ʊə/(tour)。

2.辅音音标(Consonant Sounds):- 爆破音(Plosive Sounds): 有6个爆破音音标,分别是/p/(比如,pie)、/b/(buy)、/t/(tie)、/d/(die)、/k/(kite)、/g/(go)。

- 摩擦音(Fricative Sounds): 有9个摩擦音音标,分别是/f/(比如,fine)、/v/(vine)、/θ/(thin)、/ð/(then)、/s/(sight)、/z/(zone)、/ʃ/(ship)、/ʒ/(genre)、/h/(high)。

- 鑽音(Affricate Sounds): 有2个鑽音音标,分别是/tʃ/(比如,church)和/dʒ/(judge)。

- 鼻音(Nasal Sounds): 有3个鼻音音标,分别是/m/(比如,man)、/n/(no)、/ŋ/(sing)。

英语音标特殊发音规则

英语音标特殊发音规则

英语音标特殊发音规则英语音标特殊发音规则1. 元音字母在重读音节中的读音a:在开音节中 /e?/如:name plane Jane baby cake make take 在闭音节中 /?/如:bag dad hat map black backee: 在开音节中 /i:/如:he these me Chinese bee green tree 在闭音节中 /e/如:bed let pen desk yesi(y)i:在开音节中 /a?/如:bike fly drive time nice kite在闭音节中 /?/如:fish big drink sit milk swim pig si_oo:在开音节中 /??/如:those close go hoe home no在闭音节中 /?/,美式英语中经常发/ɑ/如:clock not bo_ shop sock doll orange doguu:在开音节中 /ju:/如:student e_cuse duty Tuesday在闭音节中 /?/如:bus cup jump much lunch duck在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j,l,r,s后面时读/u:/音,例如:June blue ruler super2. 元音字母在非重读音节中的读音/?/ China another breakfast pedal/?/ orange comrade village cabbagee/?/hundred student open children/?/ chicken pocket begin/?/或/?/ holiday beautiful family animal/a?/ e_ercise satelliteo/?/ second tonight somebody welcome control/??/ also zero photou/?/ autumn difficult/ju:/ popular congratulation January3. 元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音a在/w/音后面/?/ want what watch wash qualitya在f,n,sk,ph,sp,ss,st,th前/ɑ:/after plant graph ask grasp glass fastfatheri在-nd,-ld和-gh前/a?/ find child light higho在-st,-ld前/??/ most postcard old coldo在m,n,v,th前u /?/ come monkey love mother音标发音技巧英语国际音标及语音的基本常识一. 音素1.单元音:2.双元音:3.清.浊辅音:二.语音的基本常识1.音节的划分一个单词的音标中有几个元音就有几个音节.2.重读音节任何双音节或多音节单词的音标中,有重读音节和非重读音节 ,哪一个音节重读,该音节的左上方或该音节的元音上方标有重读符号〝〞.3.浊化音以sp__, st___, sk___开头的单词清辅音/p/ /t/ /k/分别要发浊辅音/b/ /d/ /g/.4.定冠词the的读音e.g. the manc.f. the old man5.不完全爆破爆破音[p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g] 后面紧跟另一个爆破音时,前面的那个爆破音只在口腔内形成阻碍,而不能完全读出.e.g. basketballthe part of the earth6.连读在一个短语或句子中,如果相邻两词的关系相等密切,而前一个词以辅音结尾,后一个词以元音开头,辅音和元素连在一起读.7.意群的停顿对于一个较长的句子,可以根据意思和结构将其划分成几群,一个意群必须一口气说完.英语启蒙:自然拼音和国际音标有什么区别?我们知道,一种〝语言〞必先有它的〝音〞的存在,〝音〞是所有语言的根源,然后由不同〝音〞的组合表示不同的〝意思〞.我们的先人把这些〝音〞配以图形而形成〝文字〞的组合,进而演变成正式的〝语言〞,〝英语〞就是这样演进而来的一种语言系统,所以学英语就得从〝发音〞着手.所谓〝自然拼音法〞,是根据〝字母〞本身代表的〝发音〞,以及不同〝字母组合〞产生的音,做有条理,有系统的整合,也就是说它是根据语言发音的自然规则归纳而形成的一种发音学习;它可以帮助孩子看到文字读出声音(blending—将一个单词的所有发音组合拼读出来成一个完整的单词,如cat,在你不知道这个单词怎么读之前,你必须能将各个音素分别读出,再合成一个完整的单词,这个过程即为c-a-t---cat).及听到声音写出文字(segmenting-切割拆分单词帮助拼写:如能读出单词cat,你必须知道它是由c-a-t三个音组成的),所以自然拼音是为了学习拼音语言(如英语)的文字系统而做准备的,也就是说,是为学习英语阅读与拼写做准备的.经验证明,不管是英语为母语或非母语的英语初学者,都从最基本的音与音的结合开始,反复练习以建立字母与发音的直觉音感—即先学习自然拼音.有了这样的音感,看到什么样的字母组合,就自然的反应出该如何发音,听到一种音,也直觉地反应该如何拼音,这样就慢慢开始了阅读之路.自然拼音法一般是用来教小学低年级孩子学习认读用的,英语国家的父母教孩子学说话是用不着自然拼音法的,就象我们学中文拼音也是一样,我们是到了小学以后才开始学习拼音,刚开始学说话时,就是口头上的交流,大家也能说一口流利的普通话.但如果想让孩子学习英语阅读和书写,自然拼音法是个不错的选择,应该注意的是,英美国家小学学前班开始系统学习自然拼音,但在此之前,他们已经能听懂.会说英语,直到二三年级都还在不断地练习使用加深印象,就是在这种情况下,他们也需要大约一年的时间才能掌握基本的阅读和书写;对于英语为非母语的中国孩子学习英语,家长千万不能把目标定得太高,只能稳扎稳打,在学习自然拼音之前或同时能够让孩子接触大量的英语原版资料,多听多读,且是有意义的听有意义的读!相对于自然拼音,〝音标〞这种在中国传统的英语学习方法则是语言学家根据英语不同的音而制定的一群〝发音符号〞,它是一套注音系统,用途是用文字来记录发音,针对外国人学习英语或者语言工作研究者使用.其作用是让学习者能够通过看音标来认识单词的发音,但不能做到看到单词会读听到会写,因此音标对记单词没有帮助,而且由于音标符号比较怪异,让学习者特别是很小的孩子很难记住和理解.那么〝音标〞是不是可以不用学呢?那倒也未必,否则就不会有语言学家去苦心研究订出那些‘可爱’的〝音标符号〞.而且中国目前的初中高中主要还是以学习音标为主,所以〝音标〞仍有其存在与学习的重大价值,如:一. 不规则发音的单词,不看〝音标〞很容易发错音.二. 重音节的标示也是〝音标〞的特色之一.三. 相近音或音同但拼法不同的单词,往往使学英语的人感到困扰,此时也借助〝音标〞做判断.由前述可见,在中国,我们可以提倡〝自然拼音法〞,并非排斥〝音标〞,而是主张家长老师先教〝自然拼音法〞,让学英语的人建立直觉音感,以便更有效的学好英语.我听过几个英语老师介绍,如果让一个学过〝自然拼音法〞的学生,再授以〝音标〞课程的话可得事半功倍的效果.因为已经有〝字母—发音直觉音感,再认识〝音标符号〞,不但不会觉得艰涩,反而可以藉〝音标〞之助,把发音学的更地道,拼音更迅速确实.所以〝自然拼音法〝是英语入门的利器,也是学音标的前骤.另一点也说明在中国等孩子学习了自然拼音后,考虑学习音标是个不错的选择,英语为母语的孩子在看到一个不认识的单词,他们会尝试念出来,然后在脑库里寻找一下相匹配的单词发音来确认这个单词是否念的正确.孩子平时的大量阅读和老师的大量朗读都是在脑库里积累单词的好办法.再加上电视,广播等媒体的渠道,很多孩子就是从来没有见过某个单词,根据一些办法也能猜个89不离十了,当然也有些单词脑库里没有库存,这也不耽误他们阅读的理解和兴趣,或问家长,或问老师,或问同伴,如果有心的话,他们一定会想方设法问到该单词的正确读法.但在英语为非母语的国家,孩子就没这个条件,有些单词还是要通过查找音标才能正确读出,有时候碰到一些从来没见过的单词就读不出来,一定要借助音标才行,因为我脑子里没有某个单词的储备.自然拼音和音标,两者在学习英语的过程中,各自扮演其角色非但不发生冲突,甚至可以相辅相成,让初学英语的人学得一口漂亮而准确的发音.所以对于到底是学习自然拼音还是音标,大家都不要纠结了,没什么事情是绝对的,就如一把好刀,如果没有用在刀刃上,那也白搭.虽然我们说了很多自然拼音的好话,但现在外国对自然拼音也提出了很多的质疑声,所以,我们用辩证的眼光看待一个事物.英语音标特殊发音规则。

初中48个英语音标正确读法

初中48个英语音标正确读法

初中48个英语音标正确读法48个英语音标正确读法如下:1、/i:/ 舌抵下齿,双唇扁平作微笑状,发“一”之长音。

是字母ea、ee、ey、ie、或ei在单词中的发音,此音是长元音,一定注意把音发足。

2、/ɪ/ 舌抵下齿,双唇扁平分开,牙床近于全舌,发短促之“一”音。

是字母i或y在单词中的发音,发此音要短促而轻快。

3、/æ/ 双唇扁平,舌前微升,舌尖抵住下龈,牙床开,软腭升起,唇自然开放。

是字母a在闭音节或重读闭音节中的发音。

4、/e/ 舌近硬腭,舌尖顶下齿,牙床半开半合,作微笑状。

是字母e或ea在单词中的发音。

5、/з:/ 舌上抬,唇成自然状态,口半开半闭,发“厄”之长音。

是字母er、ir、or或ur在单词中的发音。

6、/ə/ 舌上抬,唇成自然状态,口半开半闭,发“厄”之短音。

是字母a、o、u、e、or、er或ur在单词中的发音。

7、/ɑ:/ 双唇张而不圆,牙床大开,舌后微升,舌尖向后升缩微离下齿,发“阿”之长音。

是字母er在闭音节或重读闭音节中的发音也是字母a在以st结尾的单词中的读音。

8、/ʌ/ 双唇平放,牙床半开,舌尖抵住下龈,舌后微微升起,发短促之“阿”音。

是字母o或u在单词中的发音。

9、/ɔ:/ 双唇界于开闭、圆唇之间,牙床半开渐至全开,舌尖卷上再过渡为卷后。

是字母o、al、or、oar、our或oor在单词中的发音。

10、/ɒ/ 双唇稍微向外突出圆形,舌后升起,舌尖不触下齿,发“噢”音是字母o在单词中的发音。

11、/u:/ 双唇成圆形,牙床近于半合,舌尖不触下齿,自然而不用力,发“屋”之长音。

是字母oo或ou在单词中的发音。

12、/ʊ/ 双唇成圆形,牙床近于半合,舌尖不触下齿,自然而不用力,发短促之“屋”音。

是字母u、oo或ou在单词中的发音。

13、/aɪ/ 将口张开略圆,舌后升起,舌尖向后收缩,由发“阿”音平稳过渡到发“一”音。

是字母i或y在单词中的读音。

14、/eɪ/ 舌尖顶下齿,牙床半开半合,双唇扁平,由发“哀”平稳过渡到发“一”之长音。

初中英语---48个国际音标表发音整理(1)

初中英语---48个国际音标表发音整理(1)

初中英语---48个国际音标表发音整理(1)48个国际音标表元音12个单元音长元音[i:][][][u:][a:]短元音[i] [][][u][] [e] [] 8个双元音[ai][ei][i][i][][][u][au]辅音10对清辅音[p][t][k][f] [s] [][ ∫][][tr][ts] 浊辅音[b][d][g][v][z] [][][][dr][dz] 3个鼻音[m][n][]3个似拼音[h][r] [l]2个半元音[w][j]48个音标发音要领讲义Unit 1长元音[i:]舌尖抵下齿,口腔肌肉紧张,面部表情呈微笑状。

[i:t] eat 吃[bi:] bee 蜜蜂[si:]see 看见短元音[i]舌尖抵下齿,口形偏平,开口度比[i:] 大。

[big] big 大的[iz] is 是短元音[e]发音时舌尖抵下齿,嘴形扁平,上下齿之间距离为小指的宽度。

(这个音容易忘记,忘记时想想字母F, L ,M ,N )[bed] bed 床[get] get 到达短元音[]舌尖抵下齿,嘴要故意张很大,上下齿之间可容纳食指和中指的宽度。

注意:开口度[]﹥[e] ﹥[i] ﹥[i:]清辅音[p] 和浊辅音[b]/p/是p的发音,/b/是b的发音。

双唇爆破辅音。

发音时双唇紧闭,憋住气,然后突然分开,气流冲出口腔,发出爆破音。

/p/是清辅音,声带不振动;/b/是浊辅音,声带振动。

清辅音[t] 和浊辅音[d]/t/是t的发音,/d/是d的发音。

舌齿爆破辅音。

发音时舌尖抵上齿龈,憋住气,然后突然分开,使气流冲出口腔,发出爆破音。

/t/是清辅音,声带不振动;/d/是浊辅音,声带振动。

清辅音[k] 和浊辅音[g]/k/ //--/k/是字母k和字母c的发音,//是字母g 的读音。

舌后软颚爆破辅音。

发音时舌后部隆起紧贴软颚,憋住气,然后突然分开,气流送出口腔,形成爆破音。

/k/是清辅音,声带不振动;/ /是浊辅音,声带振动。

48个音标的发音方法-人教初中英语

48个音标的发音方法-人教初中英语

48个音标的发音方法英语中共有44个因音素,其中元音20个,辅音24个,另外还有四个辅音连缀(/ts/,/dz/,/tr/,/dr/)。

英语元音和辅音的作用相当于汉语中的声母和韵母。

记录英语音素的符号叫做音标,音标放在两条斜线(//)内,以免和字母混淆。

元音单长i: З: a: ɔ: u:短ɪəʌɔu e æ双ei ai ɔi əʊaʊɪəeəʊə辅音清p t k f θs ʃtʃts tr浊b d g v ðz ʒdʒdz drh r m n ŋl W j一、元音1、单元音(12个)/i:/ see /si:/ meet /mi:t/ ski /ski://ɪ/ big /biɡ/ sit /sɪt/ pick /pɪk/ 嘴型不那么夸张,但发音快速、简短,感觉这个音是从嘴巴里弹出来的/З:/ sir /sɜ:r/ 舌尖靠近下齿但是不紧贴/ə/ today /təˈdeɪ/ waiter /ˈweɪtə//a:/ park /pɑ:k/ far /fɑ:r/ dark /dɑ:rk/ 嘴巴稍微张大一点/ʌ/ up /ʌp/ ugly /ˈʌɡli/ son /sʌn/ 简短有力、弹出来/ɔ:/ saw /sɔ:/ talk /tɔ:k/ four /fɔ:r/ 嘴巴聚拢成圆形,感觉嘴唇好像只能容下一根手指头/ɒ/ not /nɒt/ hot /hɒt/ 嘴巴收圆,嘴唇聚拢/u:/ food /fu:d/ shoot /ʃu:t/ 嘴巴用力,嘴巴聚拢缩成团/ʊ/ look /luk/ foot /fʊt/ wood /wʊd/ 不如前面用力,但嘴型依旧稍稍聚拢/e/ bed /bed/ beg /beɡ/ 左手食指放在牙齿中间,嘴巴稍微打开,正好可以放下一个指头/æ/ map /mæp/ bag /bæɡ/ bad /bæd/ 嘴巴张大90度左右;舌尖放在牙齿的后面;舌头是展开来的,宽松的嘴巴比上一个音标稍大2、双元音(8个)成双成对出现的元音,发音时注意两点:前重后轻(前面元音相对重读,后面元音相对轻一些);前长后短(前面元音发音拖长,后面短一些)从第一个元音开始,嘴唇划到第二个读音ei ai ɔi əʊaʊɪəeəʊə/eɪ/ age /eɪdʒ/ eight /eɪt/ 双唇扁平,口型由e向i移动/aɪ/ like /laɪk/ night /naɪt/ 口张开略圆,由a平稳过渡到i 的音,重读在第一个音上,然后滑到第二个音结束/ɔɪ/ boy /bɔɪ/ toy /tɔɪ/ point /pɔɪnt//əʊ/ go/ɡəʊ/ note/nəʊt/ home /həʊm//aʊ/ out /aʊt/ house /haʊs/ loud /laʊd/ 结束时,嘴唇需聚拢。

初中英语音标发音表及发音规则

初中英语音标发音表及发音规则

一、二、三、英语音标发音表英语国际音标共 个音素,其中元音音素 个,辅音音素 个。

☯♓字母组合 ♏♏ ♏♋ ♏ ♓♏ ♦♒❒♏♏ ♦❒♏♏ ♑❒♏♏⏹ ♦♒♏♏☐ ❍♏♏♦ ♌♏♏♐ ♦♏♏ ♦♏♏ ♏♋♦ ♦♏♋ ❍♏♋♦ ●♏♋❖♏ ●♏♋♎ ♦♏♋♍♒♏❒ ♦♏♋❍ ❍♏♋⏹ ♦☐♏♋ ♍●♏♋⏹ ☐♓♏♍♏♋♌♋♑ ♒♋⏹♎ ♋⏹♎ ♋⏹♦ ♒♋☐☐⍓ ♒♋♦ ❍♋☐ ❍♋♎ ♌♋♎ ♌●♋♍ ♌♋♍ ♑●♋♎ ♐●♋♑ ♦♒♋●● ❍♋⏹☯♏字母组合 ♏♋ ♏ ♋♒♏♋♎ ♌❒♏♋♎ ☐●♏♋♦◆❒♏ ♏●♏☐♒♋⏹♦ ♏●♏♍♦❒♓♍ ❒♏❍♏❍♌♏❒ ♦♏●● ♦♒♏●● ●♏♦♦☐⏹ ♌♏♦♦♏❒ ♌♏♎ ♎♏♦ ♒☐♦♏● ⍓♏♦ ❍♋⏹⍓ ♋⏹⍓☯ 字母组合♓❒ ◆❒ ♏♋❒ ♏❒ ☐❒♑♓❒● ♦♒♓❒♦ ♦♓❒♦ ♦♒♓❒♦⍓ ♦♒♓❒♦♏♏⏹ ♦♒♓❒♎ ♌♓❒♎ ♦◆❒⏹ ♌◆❒⏹ ❍◆❒♎♏❒ ⏹◆❒♦♏ ♦◆❒♦●♏ ❆♒◆❒♦♎♋⍓ ♌◆❒♑♏❒ ●♏♋❒⏹ ♏♋❒⏹ ♏♋❒♦♒ ♒♏♋❒♎☯ε 字母组合 ♏❒ ☐❒ ☐◆ ♋❒ ☐ ♋ ♏ ◆♦♏♋♍♒♏❒ ●♏♋♎♏❒ ❒♏❍♏❍♌♏❒ ☐●♋⍓♏❒ ♦☐♏♋♏❒ ♐♋❒❍♏❒ ☐☐♦♎♏❒ ♎☐♍♦☐❒ ♋♍♦☐❒ ❍♋⍓☐❒ ♋◆♦♒☐❒ ♦❒♋♍♦☐❒ ♎♏●♓♍♓☐◆♦ ♑❒♋♍♓☐◆♦ ☐●♏♋♦◆❒♏ ♐♋❍♓●♓♋❒ ♍☐●●♋❒ ♎☐●●♋❒ ♦☐♑♏♦♒♏❒ ♦☐❍☐❒❒☐♦ ♦☐♎♋⍓ ●♏♦♦☐⏹ ♍☐⏹♦❒☐● ♋❒☐◆⏹♎ ♋♍♍☐◆⏹♦ ♋♑☐ ♏●♏☐♒♋⏹♦ ❍♋⏹♦♋ ♌♋⏹♋⏹♋ ♋⏹♋♎♋☯♋ 字母组合 ♋❒ ♋♍♋❒ ♐♋❒❍ ♍♋❒♎ ♋❒❍ ♑♋❒♎♏⏹ ♐♋♦♦ ♍●♋♦♦ ●♋♦♦ ♑●♋♦♦ ☐●♋⏹♦ ♋◆⏹♦ ♍♋●❍◆ ☐ ☐◆ ☐☐◆☐ ♦◆☐☐♏❒ ●◆⏹♍♒ ♐◆⏹ ♑◆⏹ ♒◆⏹♦ ♍◆☐ ♌◆♦ ♍☐❍♏ ❍☐♦♒♏❒ ♎☐♦♏ ♌❒☐♦♒♏❒ ●☐❖♏ ♋♌☐❖♏ ♦❒☐◆♌●♏ ❒☐◆♑♒ ♐●☐◆❒♓♦♒ ♌●☐☐♎ ♐●☐☐♎☯ 字母组合 ♋● ☐❒ ♋◆ ☐◆❒ ♋❒♦❍♋●● ♦♋●● ♦♋● ♦♋●● ♒♋●● ♌♋●● ♍♋●● ♦♋● ♦♒☐❒♦ ❍☐❒♏ ●☐❒♎ ♒☐❒♦♏ ♐☐❒ ♐☐❒♦⍓ ♦☐☐❒♦ ♎☐☐❒ ♐●☐☐❒ ♦♦☐❒♏ ♋◆♦♒☐❒ ♍♋◆♑♒♦ ♋◆♦◆❍⏹ ♐☐◆❒ ❍☐◆❒⏹ ♍☐◆❒♦ ♌☐◆♑♒♦ ♦♋❒❍ ❑◆♋❒❒♏● ❑◆♋❒♦♏❒☯ 发音字母 ☐ ♋♒☐♦ ●☐♦♦ ●☐♦ ♐☐⌧ ♌☐⌧ ❍☐☐ ♒☐☐ ●☐♦♦ ♍☐●●♋❒ ⏹☐♦ ♦♋⏹♦ ♦♋♦♒ ♦♋♦♍♒☯◆字母组合 ☐☐ ☐ ◆♐☐☐♎ ❍☐☐⏹ ❒☐☐❍ ♑●☐☐❍ ♌❒☐☐❍ ♎☐☐❍ ♑☐☐♦♏ ♦☐☐♦♒ ♦♒☐♏ ♎☐ ♦♦☐ ♦❒◆♏ ♦❒◆♦♒ ♌●◆♏ ♐◆●● ☐❒◆♎♏☯◆字母组合 ☐☐ ☐◆ ◆ ☐●☐☐ ♑☐☐♎ ♐☐☐♦ ♌☐☐ ♦☐☐♎ ♦♒☐◆●♎ ♍☐◆●♎ ☐◆♦ ♐◆●● ♌◆●● ☐◆●● ☐◆♦♒ ♦☐❍♋⏹ ♦☐●♐☯♏♓发音字母♋ ♋⍓ ♏♋ ♋♓ ♏⍓⏹♋❍♏ ♍♋♏ ●♋♦♏ ♑♋♦♏ ☐●♋⏹♏ ✌☐❒♓● ☐●♋⍓ ♦♋⍓ ❍♋⍓ ♦♋⍓ ♑❒♏♋♦ ♌❒♏♋ ❒♋♓⏹ ☐♋♓⏹♦ ☐●♋♓⏹ ♦♒♏⍓ ♑❒♏⍓☯♋♓发音字母 ♓ ⍓♌♓♏ ♐♓⏹♏ ♐♓⏹♎ ♎♓♏ ⏹♓⏹♏ ●♓♑♒♦ ⏹♓♑♒♦ ♒♓♑♒ ❍⍓ ♦❒⍓ ♐●⍓ ♏⍓♏☯♋◆字母组合 ☐◆ ☐♦♒☐◆♦♏ ☐◆♦ ♐●☐◆❒ ♑❒☐◆⏹♎ ♋♍♍☐◆⏹♦ ♍☐◆⏹♦ ♦☐◆⏹♎ ●☐◆♎ ♋❒☐◆⏹♎ ❍☐◆♦♏ ♐●☐♦♏❒ ♎☐♦⏹ ⏹☐♦ ♍☐♦ ♒☐♦ ♦☐♦⏹☯ 发音字母 ☐ ☐♦ ☐♋♒☐❍♏ ♍☐●♎ ♑☐ ⏹☐ ☐♒☐⏹♏ ♒☐♦♦ ♑♒☐♦♦ ⏹☐♦ ●☐♦ ♌♏●☐♦ ♑❒☐♦ ♌●☐♦ ♦♒☐♦ ♐●☐♦ ♌☐♋♦ ♍☐♋♦ ♑☐♋●☯♓ 字母组合 ♏♏❒ ♏♋❒♌♏♏❒ ♎♏♏❒♏♋❒ ⏹♏♋❒ ♒♏❒♏ ♐♓♏❒♍♏ ♓♎♏♋☯ 字母组合♏♋❒ ♋♓❒ ♏❒♏☐♏♋❒ ♌♏♋❒ ♍♒♋♓❒ ♋♓❒ ♐♋♓❒ ♦♒♏❒♏ ♦♒♏❒♏ ♍♋❒♏☯◆ 字母组合☐◆❒ ☐♦♏❒♒☐◆❒ ♦☐◆❒ ♐●☐♦♏❒ ♦♒☐♦♏❒☯♦ ♦❒♏♏ ♦♦☐ ♦♏⏹ ♦☐⏹ ♦☐♦⏹ ♦♦♏⏹♦⍓ ♍♓♦⍓☯♎ ♎☐☐❒ ♎◆●● ♎♏♦ ♎☐♦♏ ♎☐ ♎☐♑ ♎♓♍♦♓☐⏹♋❒⍓☯ ♓⏹♑ ♓♦♏ ♏⍓ ●☐☐ ♍☐☐ ♌☐☐ ♓♦♍♒♏⏹ ♦⍓☯♑ ♑♓❒● ♑☐☐♎ ♑☐♋● ♑☐♋♦ ♑❒♋♎♏ ●☐⏹♑ ●♋⏹♑◆♋♑♏☯❍ ❍♋⏹ ❍♋♏ ❍☐☐⏹ ❍☐❒⏹♓⏹♑ ❍☐❖♏ ♍☐❍♏ ♍☐❍♌☯⏹ ☐♏⏹ ♦♏⏹ ⏹♓⏹♏ ♐♓⏹♏ ⏹♓♑♒♦ ⏹☐☐⏹ ❍☐☐⏹ ♍●♏♋⏹☯◆⏹♍●♏ ♌♋⏹ ☜⏹♑●♓♦♒ ♦♒♓⏹ ♦♒♋⏹ ◆⏹∙∙♦♓⏹♑ ♓⏹♑ ❍☐❒⏹♓⏹♑☯● ●☐⏹♑ ●♋⏹♎ ●♏⏹♎ ●☐❒♎ ♐●⍓ ♐●♋♑ ♌●♋♍ ♦☐❒●♎ ♍☐●♎ ♍☐◆●♎ ♑☐♋● ♦☐◆●☯❒ ❒♏♋♎ ❒♏♎ ❒♓♑♒♦ ❒◆⏹ ❒☐☐❍ ♦❒♓♦♏☯♐ ♐♓❖♏ ♐●⍓ ♐♓⏹♏ ♐●♋♑ ♐❒☐♑ ♐☐♑ ❒☐☐♐ ⏹♓♐♏ ●♓♐♏ ♦♓♐♏ ♍☐◆♑♒ ●♋◆♑♒ ❒☐◆♑♒☯❖ ❖♏❒⍓ ♏❖♏⏹♓⏹♑ ♏❖♏⏹ ♏❖♏❒⍓ ❖☐♓♍♏ ❖♏♦♦ ☐♐☯♦ ♦♓⌧ ♦♓♦ ♦♦◆♎♏⏹♦ ♦♋❍♏ ♦♏♋♦ ♓♦♦ ❍♓♦♦ ♍♋♦♏ ♦♍♋❒♐☯ ☐☐ ♏♌❒♋ ♏❒☐ ♋☐ ♍●☐♦♏ ⏹☐♦♏ ♒☐♦♏ ♦◆☐☐☐♦♏ ☐♋◆♦♏ ♦♒☐♦♏☯ ♦♒♋♦ ♦♒♓♦ ♦♒☐♦♏ ♦♒♏♦♏ ♦♒☐◆♑♒☯∫ ♦♒♏♏☐ ♦♒☐◆●♎♏❒ ♦♒♓☐ ♦♒☐♏ ♦♒♏ ♌❒◆♦♒ ♦♋♦♒ ⏹♋♦♓☐⏹ ♋♦♦♏⏹♦♓☐⏹☯♒ ♒☐♦ ♒☐☐ ♒☐❍♏ ♒☐◆♦♏ ♒☐❒♦♏ ♒☐♦ ♦♒☐ ☯♦ ♦♒♏⏹ ♦♒♋♦ ♦♒♏❒♏ ♦♓⏹♎☐♦ ♦♓⏹♎ ♦☐☐♎☯ ⍓♏♦ ⍓♏♋❒ ⍓♏●● ⍓☐◆ ⍓☐◆❒ ⍓☐● ⍓♏●●☐♦☯♍♒♓●♎ ♍♒♓♍♏⏹ ♍♒♓⏹♋ ♍♒♋♓❒ ●◆⏹♍♒ ☐◆♍♒ ♍♋♦♍♒ ♦♏♋♍♒☯♋♑♏ ●♋⏹♑◆♋♑♏ ♍♋♌♌♋♑♏ ❖♏♑♏♦♋♌●♏ ♦♦♋♑♏ ♌❒♓♎♑♏ ☐⍓ ♏⏹☐⍓ ☐♓⏹ ☺◆●⍓ ☺◆⏹♏ ◆⏹☯♦❒ ♦❒♏♏ ♍☐◆⏹♦❒⍓ ♦❒⍓ ♦❒♏♋♦ ♦❒♋♍ ♦❒◆⏹☯♎❒ ♎❒⍓ ♎❒♏♋❍ ♎❒☐☐ ♎❒♓❖♏ ♎❒♓⏹☯♦♦ ♦♦◆♎♏⏹♦♦ ♌☐☐♦♦ ♌☐♋♦♦ ♑☐♋♦♦ ⏹◆♦♦☯♎ ♑☐☐♎♦ ♦☐☐♎♦ ❍☐☐♎♦ ♒☐☐♎♦二、特殊单词发音:元音✆ ☯♓ 字母组合 ♏♏ ♏♋ ♏ ♓♏♦♒❒♏♏ ♦❒♏♏ ♑❒♏♏⏹ ♦♒♏♏☐ ❍♏♏♦ ♌♏♏♐ ♦♏♏ ♦♏♏☎♏♏✆♏♋♦ ♦♏♋ ❍♏♋♦ ●♏♋❖♏ ●♏♋♎ ♦♏♋♍♒♏❒ ♦♏♋❍ ❍♏♋⏹ ♦☐♏♋ ♍●♏♋⏹ ☐●♏♋♦♏☎♏♋✆♒♏ ♦♒♏ ❍♏☎♏✆☐♓♏♍♏ ❒♏♍♏♓❖♏ ♍♏♓●♓⏹♑ ☎♓♏♏♓✆✆ ☯♓ 发音字母 ♓ ⍓ ♏♦♓♦ ☐♓♍♦◆❒♏ ♓♦ ♓♦ ●♓♦♦ ♦♓⌧ ❍♓⌧ ♐♓⌧ ♐♓♦ ☐♓♑ ♌♓♑ ♌◆♓●♎ ❍♓♦♦❍⍓♦♒ ❍♋⏹⍓ ♦♦♏⏹♦⍓ ♒♋☐☐⍓ ♎♓♍♦♓☐⏹♋❒⍓♎♏♐♏♍♦ ♎♏♍♓♎♏ ♎♏●♓♍♓☐◆♦✆ 发音字母 ♋♌♋♑ ♒♋⏹♎ ♋⏹♎ ♋⏹♦ ♒♋☐☐⍓ ♒♋♦ ❍♋☐ ❍♋♎ ♌♋♎ ♌●♋♍ ♌♋♍ ♑●♋♎ ♐●♋♑ ♦♒♋●● ❍♋⏹✆ ☯♏ 字母组合 ♏♋ ♏ ♋♒♏♋♎ ♌❒♏♋♎ ☐●♏♋♦◆❒♏♏●♏☐♒♋⏹♦ ♏●♏♍♦❒♓♍ ❒♏❍♏❍♌♏❒ ♦♏●● ♦♒♏●● ●♏♦♦☐⏹ ♌♏♦♦♏❒ ♌♏♎ ♎♏♦ ♒☐♦♏● ⍓♏♦❍♋⏹⍓ ♋⏹⍓✆ ☯↙ 字母组合♓❒ ◆❒ ♏♋❒ ♏❒ ☐❒♑♓❒● ♦♒♓❒♦ ♦♓❒♦ ♦♒♓❒♦⍓ ♦♒♓❒♦♏♏⏹ ♦♒♓❒♎ ♌♓❒♎♦◆❒⏹ ♌◆❒⏹ ❍◆❒♎♏❒ ⏹◆❒♦♏ ♦◆❒♦●♏ ❆♒◆❒♦♎♋⍓ ♌◆❒♑♏❒●♏♋❒⏹ ♏♋❒⏹ ♏♋❒♦♒ ♒♏♋❒♎♦♏❒❍ ♒♏❒ ⏹♏❒♎ ♦♏❒❖♏♦☐❒ ♦☐❒❍ ♦☐❒ ♦☐❒●♎✆ ☯↙ 字母组合 ♏❒ ☐❒ ☐◆ ♋❒ ☐ ♋ ♏ ◆♦♏♋♍♒♏❒ ●♏♋♎♏❒ ❒♏❍♏❍♌♏❒ ☐●♋⍓♏❒ ♦☐♏♋♏❒ ♐♋❒❍♏❒ ☐☐♦♎♏❒♎☐♍♦☐❒ ♋♍♦☐❒ ❍♋⍓☐❒ ♋◆♦♒☐❒ ♦❒♋♍♦☐❒♎♏●♓♍♓☐◆♦ ♑❒♋♍♓☐◆♦☐●♏♋♦◆❒♏ ♐♋❍♓●♓♋❒♍☐●●♋❒ ♎☐●●♋❒ ♦☐♑♏♦♒♏❒ ♦☐❍☐❒❒☐♦ ♦☐♎♋⍓ ♦♒♋●●☐☐ ●♏♦♦☐⏹ ♋♦♒♓⏹♑♦☐⏹ ♍☐⏹♦❒☐● ☐☐●♓♦♏ ♋❒☐◆⏹♎ ♋♍♍☐◆⏹♦ ♋♑☐♏●♏☐♒♋⏹♦ ❍♋⏹♦♋ ♌♋⏹♋⏹♋ ♋⏹♋♎♋ ☺♋☐♋⏹ ♍♒♓⏹♋ ❍♏⏹ ●♓♦♦♏⏹♐♋❍◆●◆♦ ♋♦◆❒♎♋⍓✆ ☯♋ 字母组合 ♋❒ ♋♍♋❒ ♐♋❒❍ ♍♋❒♎ ♋❒❍ ♑♋❒♎♏⏹♐♋♦♦ ♍●♋♦♦ ●♋♦♦ ♑●♋♦♦ ☐●♋⏹♦ ♋◆⏹♦ ♍♋●❍✆ ☯  发音字母 ◆ ☐ ☐◆ ☐☐◆☐ ♦◆☐☐♏❒ ●◆⏹♍♒ ♐◆⏹ ♑◆⏹ ♒◆⏹♦ ♍◆☐ ♌◆♦♍☐❍♏ ❍☐♦♒♏❒ ♎☐♦♏ ♌❒☐♦♒♏❒ ●☐❖♏ ♋♌☐❖♏♦❒☐◆♌●♏ ❒☐◆♑♒ ♐●☐◆❒♓♦♒♌●☐☐♎ ♐●☐☐♎✆ ☯ 字母组合 ♋● ☐❒ ♋◆ ☐◆❒ ♋❒ ♋♦♦❍♋●● ♦♋●● ♦♋● ♦♋●● ♒♋●● ♌♋●● ♍♋●● ♦♋●♦♒☐❒♦ ❍☐❒♏ ●☐❒♎ ♒☐❒♦♏ ♐☐❒ ♐☐❒♦⍓ ♦☐☐❒♦ ♎☐☐❒ ♐●☐☐❒ ♦♦☐❒♏♋◆♦♒☐❒ ♍♋◆♑♒♦ ♋◆♦◆❍⏹♐☐◆❒ ❍☐◆❒⏹ ♍☐◆❒♦ ♌☐◆♑♒♦♦♋❒❍ ❑◆♋❒❒♏● ❑◆♋❒♦♏❒♎❒♋♦ ♦♋♦ ♐●♋♦✆ ☯  发音字母 ☐ ♋♒☐♦ ●☐♦♦ ●☐♦ ♐☐⌧ ♌☐⌧ ❍☐☐ ♒☐☐ ●☐♦♦ ♍☐●●♋❒ ⏹☐♦♦♋⏹♦ ♦♋♦♒✆ ☯◆ 字母组合 ☐☐ ☐ ◆♐☐☐♎ ❍☐☐⏹ ❒☐☐❍ ♑●☐☐❍ ♌❒☐☐❍ ♎☐☐❍ ♑☐☐♦♏ ♦☐☐♦♒♦♒☐♏ ♎☐ ♦♦☐♦❒◆♏ ♦❒◆♦♒ ♌●◆♏ ♐◆●●✆ ☯◆ 字母组合 ☐☐ ☐◆ ◆●☐☐ ♑☐☐♎ ♐☐☐♦ ♌☐☐♦♒☐◆●♎ ♍☐◆●♎☐◆♦ ♐◆●● ♌◆●● ☐◆●● ☐◆♦♒♦☐❍♋⏹ ♦☐●♐✆ ☯♏♓ 发音字母 ♋ ♋⍓ ♏♋ ♋♓ ♏⍓⏹♋❍♏ ♍♋♏ ●♋♦♏ ♑♋♦♏ ☐●♋⏹♏ ✌☐❒♓●☐●♋⍓ ♦♋⍓ ❍♋⍓ ♦♋⍓♑❒♏♋♦ ♌❒♏♋❒♋♓⏹ ☐♋♓⏹♦ ☐●♋♓⏹♦♒♏⍓ ♑❒♏⍓✆ ☯♋♓ 发音字母 ♓ ⍓♌♓♏ ♐♓⏹♏ ♐♓⏹♎ ♎♓♏ ⏹♓⏹♏ ●♓♑♒♦ ⏹♓♑♒♦ ♒♓♑♒❍⍓ ♦❒⍓ ♐●⍓ ♏⍓♏✆ ☯♋◆ 字母组合 ☐◆ ☐♦♒☐◆♦♏ ☐◆♦ ♐●☐◆❒ ♑❒☐◆⏹♎ ♋♍♍☐◆⏹♦ ♍☐◆⏹♦ ♦☐◆⏹♎ ●☐◆♎ ♋❒☐◆⏹♎ ❍☐◆♦♏♐●☐♦♏❒ ♎☐♦⏹ ⏹☐♦ ♍☐♦ ♒☐♦ ♦☐♦⏹✆ ☯↙◆ 发音字母 ☐ ☐♦ ☐♋♒☐❍♏ ♍☐●♎ ♑☐ ⏹☐ ☐♒☐⏹♏ ♒☐♦♦ ♑♒☐♦♦⏹☐♦ ●☐♦ ♌♏●☐♦ ♑❒☐♦ ♌●☐♦ ♦♒☐♦ ♐●☐♦♌☐♋♦ ♍☐♋♦ ♑☐♋●✆ ☯  字母组合☐⍓ ☐♓♌☐⍓ ♦☐⍓ ☐⍓☐♓● ♦☐♓● ❖☐♓♍♏ ♍♒☐♓♍♏✆ ☯♓↙ 字母组合 ♏♏❒♌♏♏❒ ♎♏♏❒ ♏♋❒ ♓♎♏♋ ⏹♏♋❒ ♒♏❒♏ ♐♓♏❒♍♏✆ ☯  字母组合♏♋❒ ♋♓❒☐♏♋❒ ♌♏♋❒ ♍♒♋♓❒ ♋♓❒ ♐♋♓❒ ♍♋❒♏ ♦♒♏❒♏ ♦♒♏❒♏✆ ☯◆↙ ♒☐◆❒ ♦☐◆❒ ☐☐☐❒ ♐●☐♦♏❒♦♒☐♦♏❒☯♏♓ ☯♋♓ ☯♋✞ ☯☜✞ ☯♓ ☯♓☯ ☯☪☯ ☯✞☜容易混淆的元音☯  ☯♏♌♋♎ ♌♏♎ ♒♋⏹♎ ♒♏♋♎ ❍♋⏹ ❍♏⏹ ●♋⏹♎ ●♏⏹♎ ☐♋⏹ ☐♏⏹ ♦♋♎ ♦♋♓♎☯♓: ☯♏♓❒♏♋● ❒♋♓● ♑❒♏♏♦ ♑❒♏♋♦ ❍♏♋⏹ ❍♋♓⏹ ❒♏♋♎ ❒♋♓♎☯♏ ☯♋♓♌♏♦ ♌♓♦♏ ❒♏♎ ♦❒♓♦♏ ♦♋♓♎ ♦♓♎♏ ♒♏♋♎ ♒♓♎♏☯♋✞ ☯ ♒☐◆♦♏ ♒☐❒♦♏ ●☐◆♎ ●☐❒♎ ♦☐◆♦♒ ♦♋◆♍♏ ♍●☐◆♎ ♍●♋◆♦♏ ⏹☐♦ ⏹☐❒ ♍☐◆⏹♦ ♍☐❒⏹☯♋✞ ☯ ♐☐◆⏹♎ ♐☐⏹♎ ♎☐♦⏹ ♎☐⏹♏ ♑☐♦⏹ ♑☐⏹♏ ♦☐♦⏹ ♦☐⏹辅音✆ ☯☐ ☐♏⏹ ☐♏♋❒ ☐●♋⍓ ☐♓♑ ☐☐◆❒ ☐◆●● ☐◆♦♒✆ ☯♌ ♌☐☐ ♌♓♑ ♌☐☐♦ ♌♓♏ ♌❒♏♋♎ ♌❒♏♋✆ ☯♦ ♦❒♏♏ ♦♦☐ ♦♏⏹ ♦☐⏹ ♦☐♦⏹ ♦♦♏⏹♦⍓ ♍♓♦⍓✆ ☯♎ ♎☐☐❒ ♎◆●● ♎♏♦ ♎☐♦♏ ♎☐ ♎☐♑ ♎♓♍♦♓☐⏹♋❒⍓✆ ☯ ♓⏹♑ ♓♦♏ ♏⍓ ●☐☐ ♍☐☐ ♌☐☐ ♓♦♍♒♏⏹ ♦⍓ ☎发音字母 ✆♍♋❒♎ ♍♋♦ ♍❒♏♋❍ ♍☐❒❒♏♍♦ ♍●♓❍♌ ♍☐❍♏ ♋♍♍☐◆⏹♦ ♋♍♍♏☐♦ ☎发音字母♍✆♐☐⌧ ♌☐⌧ ☐⌧⍓♑♏⏹ ⌧❒♋⍓ ☎发音字母⌧✆♦♍♒☐☐● ♦♍♒♏♎◆●♏ ♦♍♒♏❍♋ ☎字母组合♍♒✆✆ ☯♑ ♑♓❒● ♑☐☐♎ ♑☐♋● ♑☐♋♦ ♑❒♋♎♏ ●☐⏹♑ ●♋⏹♑◆♋♑♏✆ ☯❍ ❍♋⏹ ❍♋♏ ❍☐☐⏹ ❍☐❒⏹♓⏹♑ ❍☐❖♏ ♍☐❍♏ ♍☐❍♌✆ ☯⏹ ☐♏⏹ ♦♏⏹ ⏹♓⏹♏ ♐♓⏹♏ ⏹♓♑♒♦⏹☐☐⏹ ❍☐☐⏹ ♍●♏♋⏹✆ ☯☠ ◆⏹♍●♏ ♌♋⏹ ☜⏹♑●♓♦♒ ♦♒♓⏹ ♦♒♋⏹ ◆⏹♦♓⏹♑ ♓⏹♑ ❍☐❒⏹♓⏹♑ ♏❖♏⏹♓⏹♑✆ ☯● ●☐⏹♑ ●♋⏹♎ ●♏⏹♎ ●☐❒♎ ♐●⍓ ♐●♋♑ ♌●♋♍♦☐❒●♎ ♍☐●♎ ♍☐◆●♎ ♑☐♋● ♦☐◆●✆ ☯❒ ❒♏♋♎ ❒♏♎ ❒♓♑♒♦ ❒◆⏹ ❒☐☐❍ ♦❒♓♦♏✆ ☯♐ ♐♓❖♏ ♐●⍓ ♐♓⏹♏ ♐●♋♑ ♐❒☐♑ ♐☐♑ ❒☐☐♐ ⏹♓♐♏ ●♓♐♏ ♦♓♐♏ (字母♐)♍☐◆♑♒ ●♋◆♑♒ ❒☐◆♑♒(字母♑♒)☐♒⍓♦♓♍ ☐♒☐♦☐ ☐♒☐⏹♏ ☎☐♒✆✆ ☯❖ ❖♏❒⍓ ♏❖♏⏹♓⏹♑ ♏❖♏⏹ ♏❖♏❒⍓ ❖☐♓♍♏ ❖♏♦♦☎ 字母❖✆☐♐ ☎字母♐✆✆ ☯♦ ♦♓⌧ ♦♓♦ ♦♦◆♎♏⏹♦ ♦♋❍♏ ♦♏♋♦ ♓♦♦ ❍♓♦♦ ♍♋♦♏ ♦♍♋❒♐ ☎发音字母♦✆●♓♍♏⏹♦♏ ♍♓♦⍓ ♍♏♋♦♏ ♍♏♎♋❒ ♍♏♓●♓⏹♑ ♍♏●♏♌❒♋♦♏ ☎发音字母♍✆●♓♍♏⏹♍♏ ☐♓♏♍♏ ◆♓♍♏ ♦♍♓♏⏹♍♏ ●♋⏹♍♏ ♦☐♋♍♏ ♋♍♏ ☎字母组合♍♏✆✆ ☯ ☐☐ ♏♌❒♋ ♏❒☐ ♋☐ ☎✆♍●☐♦♏ ⏹☐♦♏ ♒☐♦♏ ♦◆☐☐☐♦♏ ☐♋◆♦♏ ♦♒☐♦♏ ♦♒☐♦♏ ☎♦♏✆✆ ☯  ♦♒♓⏹ ♦♒♋⏹ ♦♒❒♏♏ ♦♒♓❒♦⍓ ♦☐☐♦♒ ❍☐◆♦♒✆ ☯  ♦♒♋♦ ♦♒♓♦ ♦♒☐♦♏ ♦♒♏♦♏ ♦♒☐◆♑♒✆ ☯  ♦♒♏♏☐ ♦♒☐◆●♎♏❒ ♦♒♓☐ ♦♒☐♏ ♦♒♏ ♌❒◆♦♒ ♦♋♦♒ ☎♦♒✆⏹♋♦♓☐⏹ ♋♦♦♏⏹♦♓☐⏹ ♦♦♋♦♓☐⏹♦☐♍♓♋● ♦☐♏♍♓♋●♦◆❒♏✆ ☯  ☐●♏♋♦◆❒♏✆ ☯♒ ♒☐♦ ♒☐☐ ♒☐❍♏ ♒☐◆♦♏ ♒☐❒♦♏ ♒☐♦ ♦♒☐✆ ☯♦ ♦♒♏⏹ ♦♒♋♦ ♦♒♏❒♏ ♦♓⏹♎☐♦ ♦♓⏹♎ ♦☐☐♎✆ ☯ ⍓♏♦ ⍓♏♋❒ ⍓♏●● ⍓☐◆ ⍓☐◆❒ ⍓☐● ⍓♏●●☐♦✆ ☯  ♍♒♓●♎ ♍♒♓♍♏⏹ ♍♒♓⏹♋ ♍♒♋♓❒ ●◆⏹♍♒ ☐◆♍♒ ♦♏♋♍♒ ☎字母组合♍♒)♍♋♦♍♒ ♦♋♦♍♒ ❍♋♦♍♒ (字母组合♦♍♒✆✆ ☯  ♋♑♏ ●♋⏹♑◆♋♑♏ ♍♋♌♌♋♑♏ ❖♏♑♏♦♋♌●♏ ♦♦♋♑♏ ♌❒♓♎♑♏☐⍓ ♏⏹☐⍓ ☐♓⏹ ☺◆●⍓ ☺◆⏹♏ ◆⏹✆ ☯♦❒ ♦❒♏♏ ♍☐◆⏹♦❒⍓ ♦❒⍓ ♦❒♏♋♦ ♦❒♋♍ ♦❒◆⏹✆ ☯♎❒ ♎❒⍓ ♎❒♏♋❍ ♎❒☐☐ ♎❒♓❖♏ ♎❒♓⏹✆ ☯♦♦ ♦♦◆♎♏⏹♦♦ ♌☐☐♦♦ ♌☐♋♦♦ ♑☐♋♦♦ ⏹◆♦♦✆ ☯♎ ♑☐☐♎♦ ♦☐☐♎♦ ❍☐☐♎♦ ♒☐☐♎♦容易混淆的辅音☯❖ ☯♦❖♏♦♦ ♦♏♦♦ ❖♏♦ ♦♏♦ ❖♓⏹♏ ♦♓⏹♏ ❖♏❒⍓ ♦♏●●☯♦ ☯ ♦♓⏹ ♦♒♓⏹ ❍♋♦♦ ❍♋♦♒ ❍♓♦♦ ❍⍓♦♒ ♦☐❒♦ ♦☐◆♑♒♦☯ ☯ ♍●☐♦♏ ♍●☐♦♒ ♌❒♏♏♏ ♌❒♏♋♦♒♏☯⏹ ☯ ♦♒♓⏹ ♦♒♓⏹♑ ♦♓⏹ ♦♓⏹♑ ❒♋⏹ ❒♋⏹♑ ♌♋⏹ ♌♋⏹♑ ♦♓⏹ ♦♓⏹♑字母,组合音节发音规律)♋ ☯♏♓ ☯✍ ☯  ☯♋ ☯ ●♋♦♏ ☐❒♓❖♋♦♏ ♑❒♋♎♏ ♌♋♏ ♑❒♋☐♏ ⏹♋♦♓☐⏹ ♦♦♋♦♓☐⏹ ☐♋♑♏♋♍♦♓❖♏ ♒♋⏹♎ ♌♋⏹ ♐♋⏹ ☐♋❒♏⏹♦ ♐♋❍♓●⍓ ♑●♋♎ ♐●♋♑♋♍♍♏☐♦ ♋♌☐◆♦ ♋♌☐❖♏ ♐☐❒❍♋♦♓❖♏ ❍♋♍♒♓⏹♏ ♍♓⏹♏❍♋♐♋♦♦ ●♋♦♦ ♑●♋♦♦ ♍●♋♦♦ ☐♋♦♦ ♐♋♦♒♏❒♦♋♦♒ ♦♒♋♦ ♦♋♦♍♒ ♦♋⏹♦)♏ ☯♓ ☯♏ ☯♓ ☯  不发音♋☐☐❒♏♍♓♋♦♏ ♏⌧♦❒♏❍♏●⍓ ♦♏♍❒♏♦ ♦♒♏ ❍♏ ♒♏●♏♦♦♏❒ ●♏♐♦ ❍♏♦♦♋♑♏ ♑♏⏹♏❒♋♦♏ ☐♏♌♌●♏♎♏♍♓♎♏ ☐❒♏♦♦⍓ ☐❒♏❖♓☐◆♦ ❒♏♦◆●♦ ❒♏♦♦☐❒♏☐❒☐♌●♏❍ ☐❒☐♦☐♏❒☐◆♦ ♦♦◆♎♏⏹♦ ♍☐⏹♐♓♎♏⏹♦♋♍♦♓❖♏ ♦♋♌●♏ ●♋♦♏ ♦♓♐♏ ♦♦☐❒♏ ●♏♍♦◆❒♏)♓ ☯♋♓ ☯♓♒♓♑♒ ☐❒♓♍♏ ●♓♌❒♋❒⍓ ♓♍♏ ♍❒♏♋❍ ♦♓♐♏ ♦♓♏ ●♓⏹♏♐♓♦♦ ☐♓♍ ♍♒♓♍♏⏹ ☐♓♋⏹☐ ♐♓♋⏹♍↑ ♍♓♦⍓ ◆⏹♓♦)☐ ☯  ☯  ☯  ☯  ☯ ●☐♎♏ ♒☐♦♦ ♍☐●♎ ⏹☐♦♏ ☐♋⍓ ☐●♎ ♒☐❍♏●☐♦♏ ♎☐ ♦♒☐ ♦♒☐♦♏ ☐❒☐❖♏●☐❖♏ ♦☐❍♏ ☐♦♒♏❒ ❍☐♦♒♏❒ ♒☐⏹♏⍓ ♍☐❍☐♋⏹⍓♦☐♎♋⍓ ♦☐❍☐❒❒☐♦ ♦☐♑♏♦♒♏❒ ♍☐⏹♦❒☐● ♍☐●●♏♍♦●☐♦♦ ♒☐♦ ❍☐♍ ☐♐♐♓♍♏ ♦☐♐♦ ♒☐⏹♏♦♦)◆ ☯◆ ☯◆ ☯  ☯ ◆⏹♓❖♏❒♦♓♦⍓ ❒♏♐◆♦♏ ◆⏹♓❑◆♏ ◆⏹♓❖♏❒♦♏ ♒◆♑♏☐◆♦ ☐◆♦♒ ☐◆●● ♐◆●● ♌◆●●♌◆♦ ♌❒◆♦♒ ♌◆♍♏♦ ♎◆♍ ♌◆♌♌●♏♦◆☐☐☐❒♦ ♦◆♑♑♏♦♦)♍ ☯ ☯♦♍☐◆⏹♦❒⍓ ♍♋❍☐ ♍♋❍♏❒♋ ♍☐◆❒♋♑♏ ♍♋♌●♏♍♓♦⍓ ♍♏♓●♓⏹♑ ♍♏●♏♌❒♋♦♏ ♍♏●● ♍♏♋♦♏)♑ ☯♑ ☯  ☯ ♑♓❒● ♑❒♋♎♏ ♑●♋♦♦ ♑●♋♎♏ ♌♋♑ ♐●♋♑❖♓●●♋♑♏ ❖♏♑♏♦♋♌●♏ ♌❒♓♎♑♏ ♑♏⏹♦●♏❍♋⏹ ♑⍓❍●☐⏹♑ ♦☐⏹♑ ♦♓⏹♑ ❍☐❒⏹♓⏹♑ ♏❖♏⏹♓⏹♑✆ ● ☯● 读音不同●♓♦♦♏⏹ ●♏♋❒⏹ ●♋⏹♑◆♋♑♏ ♍☐●●♏♍♦ ☜⏹♑●♓♦♒ ♑☐❒♓●●♋♦☐❒●♎ ♍☐●♎ ♦☐♓● ♦♋●● ♦♏●● ♍☐☐● ♋⏹♓❍♋●✆ ⏹ ☯⏹ ☯ ❍☐☐⏹ ⏹♓♑♒♦ ⏹☐☐♎●♏ ⏹◆❍♌♏❒◆⏹♍●♏ ♒◆⏹♑❒⍓ ♋⏹♑❒⍓ ⍓☐◆⏹♑✆ ❒ ☯❒ ☯ ☎美语发音✆❒♓♑♒♦ ❒♏♋♎ ♦❒♓♦♏ ♑❒♋♎♏ ☐❒☐♑❒♏♦♦♍♋❒♎ ♌☐♋❒♎ ♎☐☐❒ ♐●☐☐❒ ♐☐❒❍ ⏹☐❒♦♒)⍓ ☯ ☯♓ ☯♋♓⍓♏●●☐♦ ⍓♏♋❒ ⍓♏●● ⍓☐◆⏹♑ ⍓☐●◆⏹♓❖♏❒♦♓♦⍓ ♍☐◆⏹♦❒⍓ ☐❒♏♦♦⍓ ♒♋☐☐⍓♎⍓♏ ♎⍓♓⏹♑ ♐●⍓ ♌◆⍓ ♌⍓ ❍⍓)♋❒ ☯♋ ☯  ☯ ♐♋❒❍ ♍♋❒♎ ♑♋❒♎♏⏹ ❍♋❒♎☐●●♋❒♦♋❒❍ ❑◆♋❒❒♏● ❑◆♋❒♦♏❒✆ ♏♋ ☯♓ ☯♏ ☯♏♓ ☯ ♍♏♋♦♏ ♦♏♋♦☐⏹ ♌❒♏♋♦♒♏ ♐♏♋♦◆❒♏ ❍♏♋♦ ☐●♏♋♦♏♌❒♏♋♎ ♌❒♏♋♦♦ ♌❒♏♋♦♒ ❍♏♋♎☐♦ ♦♏♋♦♒♏❒♑❒♏♋♦ ♌❒♏♋♓♎♏♋ ❒♏♋●♓♏✆ ♏♋❒ ☯  ☯ ●♏♋❒⏹ ♏♋❒♦♒ ♏♋❒⏹ ♒♏♋❒♎♒♏♋❒ ⏹♏♋❒ ♍●♏♋❒ ♏♋❒ ♐♏♋❒✆ ♏❒ ☯  ☯  ☯ ♎♏♦♏❒❖♏ ♦♏❒❖♏ ♒♏❒ ☐♏❒♦☐⏹♦♏♋♍♒♏❒ ♎❒♓❖♏❒ ♋⏹♑♏❒ ♦♓⏹♑♏❒♦♏❒♓☐◆♦ ♏⌧☐♏❒♓♏⏹♍♏ ❍⍓♦♦♏❒♓☐◆♦ ♐♓♏❒♍♏) ♏❒♏ ☯  ☯ ♒♏❒♏ ❍♏❒♏ ♐♏❒♏ ♦♏❒♏♦♒♏❒♏✆ ♓❒ ☯  ☯♋♓♦♒♓❒♦ ♑♓❒● ♦♓❒♦♋♎❍♓❒♏ ♎♏♦♓❒♏✆ ☐☐ ☯◆ ☯◆ ☯  ☯ ❒☐☐❍ ♦☐☐● ♍☐☐● ❍☐☐⏹ ⏹☐☐⏹ ♑☐☐♐ ♐☐☐♎♑☐☐♎ ♐☐☐♦ ♦♦☐☐♎ ♦☐☐♎ ♦☐☐● ♍☐☐♦☐☐♎ ♌☐☐♌●☐☐♎ ♐●☐☐♎♎☐☐❒ ♐●☐☐❒✆ ☐❒ ☯  ☯  ☯ ♦♒☐❒♦ ♐☐❒❍ ♍☐❒⏹ ♌☐❒⏹ ♐☐❒♦☐❒ ♦☐❒●♎ ♦☐❒❍ ♦☐❒♎ ♦☐❒♦♦♦❒♋♍♦☐❒ ♎☐♍♦☐❒ ♋♍♦☐❒ ♦♏♍♦☐❒ ♦♏⏹♓☐❒ ♦♏⏹♋♦☐❒✆ ☐☐❒ ☯  ☯ ♎☐☐❒ ♐●☐☐❒❍☐☐❒ ☐☐☐❒ ♌☐☐❒✆ ☐◆❒ ☯  ☯ ♒☐◆❒ ♦☐◆❒ ♐●☐◆❒ ♌☐◆❒⏹ ●☐◆❒☐☐◆❒ ♍☐◆❒♦ ♐☐◆❒ ❍☐◆❒⏹✆ ☐◆ ☯♋◆ ☯  ☯ ♒☐◆♦♏ ❍☐◆♦♒ ❍☐◆♦♏ ♦☐◆⏹♎ ♐☐◆⏹♎ ♏⏹☐◆♑♒ ♦❒☐◆♌●♏ ♦☐◆♍♒♎♏●♓♍♓☐◆♦ ♑❒♋♍♓☐◆♦ ☐❒☐♦☐♏❒☐◆♦ ✆ ☐♦ ☯  ☯♋◆♦♓⏹♎☐♦ ❍♏♋♎☐♦ ⏹☐♦ ♦♒☐♦ ●☐♦⏹☐♦ ♦☐♦⏹ ♒☐♦ ♎☐♦⏹ ♍☐♦✆ ♦♏ ☯ ☯♦⏹☐♦♏ ♦◆☐☐☐♦♏ ♑☐♦♏ ●☐♦♏ ☐☐♦♏ ❒☐♦♏❍☐◆♦♏ ♒☐◆♦♏✆ ♦♒ ☯ ☯❆♦♒♋⏹ ♦♒♓⏹ ♦♒☐◆♑♒♦ ♍●☐♦♒♍●☐♦♒♏♦ ♦♒♋♦ ♦♒♓♦ ♦♒♏⏹ ♦♒♋⏹✆ ♦♓☐⏹ ☯  ☯ ☐❒☐☐◆●♦♓☐⏹ ♦♏⏹♦♓☐⏹ ☐❒☐♑❒♏♦♦♓☐⏹ ☐♋♦♦♓☐⏹☐❒☐♦❒◆♦♓☐⏹ ☐❒☐❖♓♦♓☐⏹ ♍☐⏹♍●◆♦♓☐⏹ ♦♏●♏❖♓♦♓☐⏹✆ ♦♓☐⏹ ☯  ☯ ☎不常见✆♦♦♋♦♓☐⏹ ⏹♋♦♓☐⏹ ♦❒♋⏹♦●♋♦♓☐⏹ ♋♦♦♏⏹♦♓☐⏹❑◆♏♦♦♓☐⏹三、连续与爆破音那么,什么是连读呢?在连贯地说话或朗读时 在同一个意群☎即短语或从句✆中 如果相邻的两个词前者以辅音音素结尾 后者以元音音素开头 如 ⏹☐♦ ♋♦ ♋●●如 ●♏♋♦♏ ♦♋♏ ♋ ●☐☐ ♋♦ ♓♦ ✋❼❍❞♋⏹❞☜⏹♑●♓♦♒ ♌☐⍓✋♦❞♓♦❞♋⏹❞☐●♎ ♌☐☐☹♏♦ ❍♏ ♒♋❖♏❞♋ ●☐☐❞♋♦❞♓♦♦ ●♋♍ ♦☐❒♏♎ ♓⏹❞♋⏹❞☐♐♐♓♍♏ ●♋♦♦❞⍓♏♦♦♏❒♎♋⍓✋ ♍♋●●♏♎❞⍓☐◆ ♒♋●♐❞♋⏹❞♒☐◆❒❞♋♑☐◆♦❞♓♦❞☐⏹ ☐●♏♋♦♏☠☐♦❞♋♦❞♋●●●♏♋♦♏ ☐♓♍❞♓♦❞◆☐❽辅音 半元音❾型连读英语语音中的 和 ♦是半元音,如果前一个词是以辅音结尾,后一个词是以半元音,特别是 开头,此时也要连读。

初中英语音标发音表格及发音规则

初中英语音标发音表格及发音规则

一、英语音标发音表英语国际音标共48个音素,其中元音音素20个,辅音音素28个。

[i:]字母组合 ee ea e ie --three tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean piece[æ]发音字母 a--bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man[e]字母组合 ea e a--head bread pleasure elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any[]字母组合ir ur ear er or--girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger learn earn earth heard[ε]字母组合 er or ou ar o a e u--teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder doctor actor mayor author tractor delicious gracious pleasure familiar collar dollar together tomorrow today lesson control around account ago elephant manta banana Canada[a:] 字母组合 ar a--car farm card arm garden fast class last glass plant aunt calm[]发音字母 u o ou oo--up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus come mother dose brother love above trouble rough flourish blood flood[]字母组合 al or au our ar--small wall talk tall hall ball call walk short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumn four mourn court bought warm quarrel quarter[]发音字母 o a--hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not want wash watch [u:]字母组合 oo o u--food moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth shoe do two true truth blue full prude[u]字母组合 oo ou u o--look good foot book wood should could put full bull pull push woman wolf[ei]发音字母 a ay ea ai ey--name cake late gate plane April play say mayway great break rain paint plain they grey[ai]发音字母 i y--bike fine find die nine light night high my try fly eye [au]字母组合 ou ow--house out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse flower down now cow how town[]发音字母 o ow oa--home cold go no phone host ghost know low below grow blow show flow boat coat goal[i]字母组合 eer ear--beer deerear near here fierce idea[]字母组合ear air ere--pear bear chair air fair there where care[u]字母组合our ower--hour tour flower shower[t] tree two ten ton town twenty city[d] door dull desk dose do dog dictionary[k] king kite key look cook book kitchen sky[g] girl good goal goat grade long language[m] man make moon morning move come comb[n] pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean[] uncle bank English think thank junk sing king morning[l] long land lend lord fly flag black world cold could goal soul[r] read red right run room write[f] five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wife cough laugh rough [v] very evening even every voice vest of[s] six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf[z] zoo zebra zero zap close nose hose suppose pause those[] that this those these though[∫] sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash nation attention[h] hot hop home house horse how who[w] when what where window wind wood[j] yes year yell you your yolk yellow[] child chicken china chair lunch ouch catch teach[] age language cabbage vegetable stage bridge joy enjoy join July June junk [tr] tree country try treat track trunk[dr] dry dream drop drive drink[ts] students boots boats goats nuts[dz] goods woods moods hoods二、特殊单词发音:元音:1) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e iethree tree green sheep meet beef see seek(ee)eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak cleanplease(ea)he she me(e)piece receive ceiling (ie,ei)2) [i] 发音字母 i y esit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build missmyth many twenty happy dictionarydefect decide delicious3) 发音字母 abag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man4) [e] 字母组合 ea e ahead bread pleasureelephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yesmany any5) [ε:] 字母组合ir ur ear er orgirl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third birdturn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burgerlearn earn earth heardterm her nerd servework worm work world6) [ε] 字母组合 er or ou ar o a e uteacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder doctor actor mayor author tractordelicious graciouspleasure familiarcollar dollar together tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control polite around account agoelephant manta banana Canada Japan china men listenfamulus Saturday7) [a:] 字母组合 ar acar farm card arm gardenfast class last glass plant aunt calm8) [ ] 发音字母 u o ou ooup supper lunch fun gun hunt cup buscome mother dose brother love abovetrouble rough flourishblood flood9) [ ]字母组合 al or au our ar awsmall wall talk tall hall ball call walkshort more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumnfour mourn court boughtwarm quarrel quarterdraw saw flaw10) [ ] 发音字母 o ahot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar notwant wash11) [u:] 字母组合 oo o ufood moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth shoe do twotrue truth blue full12) [u] 字母组合 oo ou ulook good foot bookshould couldput full bull pull pushwoman wolf13) [ei] 发音字母 a ay ea ai eyname cake late gate plane Aprilplay say may waygreat breakrain paint plainthey grey14) [ai] 发音字母 i ybike fine find die nine light night highmy try fly eye15) [au] 字母组合 ou owhouse out flour ground account count sound loud around mouseflower down now cow how town16) [εu] 发音字母 o ow oahome cold go no phone host ghostknow low below grow blow show flowboat coat goal17) [ ] 字母组合oy oiboy toy joyoil soil voice choice18) [iε] 字母组合 eerbeer deer ear idea near here fierce19) [ ] 字母组合ear airpear bear chair air fair care there where20) [uε] hour tour poor flower shower[ei] [ai] [aU] [EU] [Ri] [i[] [Z[] [UE]2 容易混淆的元音[ ] [e]bad bed hand head man men land lend pan pen sad said [i:] [ei]real rail greet great mean main read raid[e] [ai]bet bite red write said side head hide[aU] [ ]house horse loud lord south sauce cloud clause now nor count corn[aU] [ ]found fond down done gown gone town ton3辅音1) [p] pen pear play pig pour pull push2) [b] book big boot bike bread break3) [t] tree two ten ton town twenty city4) [d] door dull desk dose do dog dictionary5) [k] king kite key look cook book kitchen sky (发音字母k)card cat cream correct climb come account accept (发音字母c)fox box oxygen x-ray (发音字母x)school schedule schema (字母组合ch)6) [g] girl good goal goat grade long language7) [m] man make moon morning move come comb8) [n] pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean9) [N] uncle bank English think thank junksing king morning evening10) [l] long land lend lord fly flag blackworld cold could goal soul11) [r] read red right run room write12) [f] five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wife (字母f)cough laugh rough(字母gh)physic photo phone (ph)13) [v] very evening even every voice vest( 字母v)of (字母f)14) [s] six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf (发音字母s)license city cease cedar ceiling celebrate (发音字母c) licence piece juice science lance space ace (字母组合ce) 15) [z] zoo zebra zero zap (z)close nose hose suppose pause those whose (se)16) [ ] think thank three thirty tooth mouth17) [ ] that this those these though18) [ ] sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash (sh) nation attention stationsocial specialsure19) [ ] pleasure20) [h] hot hop home house horse how who21) [w] when what where window wind wood22) [j] yes year yell you your yolk yellow23) [ ] child chicken china chair lunch ouch teach (字母组合ch)catch watch match (字母组合tch)24) [ ] age language cabbage vegetable stage bridge joy enjoy join July June junk25) [tr] tree country try treat track trunk26) [dr] dry dream drop drive drink27) [ts] students boots boats goats nuts28) [dz] goods woods moods hoods4容易混淆的辅音[v] [w]vest west vet wet vine wine very well[s] [ ]sink think mass math miss myth sort sought[z] [ ]close cloth breeze breathe[n] [ ]thin thing sin sing ran rang ban bang win wing5 字母,组合音节发音规律1)a [ei] [?] [ ] [a:] [ ]late private grade bake grape nation station page active hand bank fan parent family glad flag accept about above formative machine cinemafast last glass class past fatherwash what watch want2)e [i:] [e] [i] [ ] 不发音appreciate extremely secret she me heletter left message generate pebbledecide pretty previous result restore problem prosperous student confidentactive table late wife store lecture3)i [ai] [i]high price library ice cream wife size line fist pick chicken piano fiancé city unit4)o [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]lode host cold note okay old homelose do who whose provelove some other mother honey company today tomorrow together control collect lost hot mock office soft honest5)u [ju] [u] [ ] [ ]university refuse unique universe huge put push pull full bullbut brush bucket duck bubblesupport suggest6)c [k] [s]country camp camera courage cablecity ceiling celebrate cell cease7)g [g] [ ] [ ]girl grade glass glade bag flagvillage vegetable bridge gentleman gymlong song sing morning evening8) l [l] 读音不同listen learn language collect English gorilla world cold soil tall sell cool animal9) n [n] [ ]moon night noodle numberuncle hungry angry young10) r [r] [ ](美语发音)right read write grade progress card board door floor form north 11)y [j] [i] [ai]yellow year yell young yolk university country pretty happy dyke dying fly buy by my12)ar [a:] [ ] [ ]farm card garden markdollarwarm quarrel quarter13) ea [i:] [e] [ei] [ ]cease season breathe feature meat please bread breast breath meadow weathergreat breakidea realize14) ear [ ] [ ]learn earth earn heardhear near clear ear fear15) er [ ] [ ] [ ]deserve serve her personteacher driver anger singerserious experience mysterious fierce 16) ere [ ] [ ]here mere fere serethere17) ir [ ] [ai]shirt girl skirtadmire desire18) oo [u:] [u] [ ] [ ]room tool cool moon noon goof foodgood foot stood wood wool cook wood book blood flooddoor floor19) or [ ] [ ] [ ]short form corn born forwork world worm word worsttractor doctor actor sector senior senator 20) oor [ ] [ ]door floormoor poor boor21) our [ ] [ ]hour tour flour bourn lourpour court four mourn22) ou [au] [ ] [ ]house mouth mouse sound found enough trouble touchdelicious gracious prosperous 23) ow [ ] [au]window meadow know show lownow town how down cow24) se [z] [s]nose suppose gose lose pose rose mouse house25) th [W] [T]thank think thought clothclothes that this then than26) sion [ ] [ ]propulsion tension progression passionprotrusion provision conclusion television27) tion [ ] [ ](不常见)station nation translation attentionquestion三、连续与爆破音那么,什么是连读呢?在连贯地说话或朗读时,在同一个意群(即短语或从句)中,如果相邻的两个词前者以辅音音素结尾,后者以元音音素开头,如:not at all如:Please take a look at it.I’m~an~English boy.It~is~an~old book.Let me have~a look~at~it.Ms Black worked in~an~office last~yesterday.I called~you half~an~hour~ago.Put~it~on, please.Not~at~all.Please pick~it~up.“辅音+半元音”型连读英语语音中的 /j/和/w/是半元音,如果前一个词是以辅音结尾,后一个词是以半元音,特别是/j/开头,此时也要连读。

高中初中英语音标发音规律

高中初中英语音标发音规律

英语音标发音规律-汉语标注最主要的就是区分元音音素的/e/ /æ/ /∧/ /a:/ 。

第一个/e/嘴唇微张,急促地发声就可以了。

/æ/则嘴唇变扁,嘴巴咧开。

发/∧/ 则嘴唇稍稍张大,急促地发声【似“啊”】。

/a:/ 则嘴巴长到最大,声音放长就OK了。

/a:/ /כ/ /כ:/ /u/ /u:/ 。

这五个从嘴唇的最大极限,嘴唇一直变小,到最后/u:/ 嘴巴就变到最小。

/m/ /n/ /ŋ/ 。

从/m/开始,嘴巴闭上,舌尖顶住上颚,发出声音,气流从鼻子出来。

/n/,嘴巴微张,舌尖顶住上颚,发出声音,气流从鼻子出来。

/ŋ/ 则嘴巴张大,舌头向下卷,发出声音,气流从鼻子出来而不是从嘴出来。

清辅音:/p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /s/ /θ/ /∫/ /з/ /h/ /t∫/ /tr/ /ts/浊辅音:/b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /z/ /δ/ /з/ /r/ /dз/ /dr/ /dz/ /m/ /n/ /ŋ/ /l/ /w/ /j/浊音:/b//d/ /g/ /v/ /z/ /δ/ /з/ /r/ /dз/ /dr/ /dz/ /m/ /n/ /ŋ/ /l/ /w/ /j/ /i:/ /I/ /e/ /æ/ /3:/ /ə/ /∧/ /a:/ /כ/ /כ:/ /u:/ /u/ /eI/ /aI/ /כI/ /əu/ /au/ /Iə/ /εə/ /uə/长元音:/i:/ /3:/ /a:/ /כ:/ /u:/ /eI/ /aI/ /כI/ /əu/ /au/ /Iə/ /εə/ /uə/短元音:/I/ /e/ /æ/ /ə/ /∧/ /כ/ /u/英语音标发音规律记忆口诀英语音标表、字母表----- 字母、字母组合发音规律记忆口诀一、用“胸腔辅助送力--口腔后部发声法”背诵念读26个英文字母,二、大写 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z三、[ ei / bi: /si: /di: / i: /ef /dVi: / eitF / ai / dVei / kei / el /em /en /Eu /pi://kju: /B: /es /ti: /ju:/ vi: /dQblju: /eks /wai /zi:]先观察以上字母的读音,然后,把含有共同元音因素的字母进行分类:(1) [ei] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ](2) [i:] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ](3) [ai] ___[ ] ___[ ](4) [Eu] ___[ ](5) [u:] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ](6) [e] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ](7) [B:] ___[ ]二、英语中元音和辅音(母音和子音)的分类表英语音标(采用口腔后部发声法发音)发音特征元音*母音单元音声带振动前元音:[i:/ I:] [i] [e] [A]发音清晰响亮气流通畅中元音:[Q] [E] [E: / \:]后元音:[B:] [C:] [C] [u:] [u]双元音振动[ai] [ei] [Ci] [iE] [ZE/ eE] [uE] [au] [Eu]辅音*子音哑辅音不振动[p][t][k] [f][s][W][F] [h] [tF][tr][ts]发音含糊晦涩气流受阻浊辅音振动[b][d][g] [v][z][T][V] [r] [dV][dr][dz][m][n][N] [l]/[l] [w][j ]辅音连缀[pr][pl][br][bl][kr][kl][gr][gl][fr][fl][sn][sl][sk][sp][sw][dw][hw][kw][tw] [Wr] [pju:][bju:][tju:][dju:][kju:][gju:][fju:][vju:][lju:][mju:][nju:][hju:][zju三、单词的音标怎么读。

英语音标发音规则总结

英语音标发音规则总结

英语音标发音规则总结英语音标是英语发音的符号系统,它可以帮助我们准确地发音,让我们更好地理解和学习英语。

掌握英语音标的发音规则对于提高英语口语水平非常重要。

下面我们来总结一下英语音标的发音规则。

1. 元音的发音规则。

英语中的元音有单元音和双元音之分。

单元音包括长元音和短元音,而双元音则是由两个元音字母组合而成。

在发音时,我们需要注意以下几点:单元音的发音要准确,不要模糊。

比如,长元音/a:/的发音要比短元音/a/长一些。

双元音的发音要分清楚两个元音的发音,不要混淆。

比如,/eə/的发音是由/e/和/ə/组成的,要分清楚两个元音的音质。

2. 辅音的发音规则。

在英语中,辅音的发音规则也很重要。

我们需要注意以下几点:辅音的清浊音要分清楚,不要混淆。

比如,清辅音/p/和浊辅音/b/的发音要分得清楚。

辅音的爆破音要发出爆破的声音,不要模糊。

比如,爆破音/t/和/d/要有清晰的爆破声。

3. 音标的连读规则。

在英语口语中,音标的连读规则也很重要。

我们需要注意以下几点:元音和辅音的连读要自然流畅,不要生硬。

比如,当一个单词以元音结尾,下一个单词以辅音开头时,要将两个单词的音连读起来。

双元音和辅音的连读也要自然流畅,不要断裂。

比如,当两个单词相连时,要将双元音和辅音的音连读起来。

4. 音标的重音规则。

在英语中,重音的位置对于整个句子的语调和节奏都有很大的影响。

我们需要注意以下几点:单词的重音位置要准确,不要强调错位置。

比如,有些单词的重音位置在词尾,有些在词首,要分清楚。

句子的重音位置也要准确,不要断句错位。

比如,在口语中要根据句子的语气和语调来确定重音位置。

总结,掌握英语音标的发音规则对于提高英语口语水平非常重要。

我们需要注意元音和辅音的发音规则,音标的连读规则以及重音的位置规则。

只有在日常的学习和实践中不断总结和积累,才能真正掌握英语音标的发音规则,提高英语口语水平。

希望以上内容对大家有所帮助。

[参考实用]初中英语音标发音表及发音规则

[参考实用]初中英语音标发音表及发音规则

一、英语音标发音表英语国际音标共48个音素,其中元音音素20个,辅音音素28个。

[i:]字母组合eeeaeie--threetreegreensheepmeetbeefseeseekeatteameatleaveleadteacherteammeanspeakcl eanpiece[æ]发音字母a--baghandandanthappyhatmapmadbadblackbackgladflagshallman[e]字母组合eaea--headbreadpleasureelephantelectricremembersellshelllessonbetterbeddeskhotelyesman yany[]字母组合irureareror--girlshirtskirtthirtythirteenthirdbirdturnburnmurdernurseturtleThursdayburgerlear nearnearthheard[ε]字母组合erorouaroaeu--teacherleaderrememberplayerspeakerfarmerpowderdoctoractormayorauthortr actordeliciousgraciouspleasurefamiliarcollardollartogethertomorrowtodaylessoncontrolaroun daccountagoelephantmantabananaCanada[a:]字母组合ara--carfarmcardarmgardenfastclasslastglassplantauntcalm[]发音字母uoouoo--upsupperlunchfungunhuntcupbuscomemotherdosebrotherloveabovetroubleroughfl ourishbloodflood[]字母组合alorauourar--smallwalltalktallhallballcallwalkshortmorelordhorseforfortysportdoorfloorstorea uthorcaughtautumnfourmourncourtboughtwarmquarrelquarter[]发音字母oa--hotlostlotfoGboGmophoplosscollarnotwantwashwatch[u:]字母组合ooou--foodmoonroomgloombroomdoomgoosetoothshoedotwotruetruthbluefullprude [u]字母组合ooouuo--lookgoodfootbookwoodshouldcouldputfullbullpullpushwomanwolf [ei]发音字母aayeaaiey--namecakelategateplaneAprilplaysaymaywaygreatbreakrainpaintplaintheygrey [ai]发音字母iy--bikefinefinddieninelightnighthighmytryflyeye[au]字母组合ouow--houseoutflourgroundaccountcountsoundloudaroundmouseflowerdownnowcowhowto wn[]发音字母oowoa--homecoldgonophonehostghostknowlowbelowgrowblowshowflowboatcoatgoal [i]字母组合eerear--beerdeerearnearherefierceidea[]字母组合earairere--pearbearchairairfairtherewherecare[u]字母组合ourower--hourtourflowershower[t]treetwotentontowntwentycity[d]doordulldeskdosedodogdictionary[k]kingkitekeylookcookbookkitchensky[g]girlgoodgoalgoatgradelonglanguage[m]manmakemoonmorningmovecomecomb[n]pentenninefinenightnoonmoonclean[]unclebankEnglishthinkthankjunksingkingmorning[l]longlandlendlordflyflagblackworldcoldcouldgoalsoul[r]readredrightrunroomwrite[f]fiveflyfineflagfrogfogroofknifelifewifecoughlaughrough[v]veryeveningeveneveryvoicevestof[s]siGsitstudentsameseatkissmisscasescarf[z]zoozebrazerozapclosenosehosesupposepausethose[]thatthisthosethesethough[∫]sheepshouldershipshoeshebrushwashnationattention[h]hothophomehousehorsehowwho[w]whenwhatwherewindowwindwood[j]yesyearyellyouyouryolkyellow[]childchickenchinachairlunchouchcatchteach[]agelanguagecabbagevegetablestagebridgejoyenjoyjoinJulyJunejunk [tr]treecountrytrytreattracktrunk[dr]drydreamdropdrivedrink[ts]studentsbootsboatsgoatsnuts[dz]goodswoodsmoodshoods二、特殊单词发音:元音:1)[i:]字母组合:eeeaeiethreetreegreensheepmeetbeefseeseek(ee)eatteameatleaveleadteacherteammeanspeakcleanplease(ea)hesheme(e)piecereceiveceiling(ie,ei)2)[i]发音字母iyesitpictureitislistsiGmiGfiGfitpigbigbuildmissmythmanytwentyhappydictionarydefectdecidedelicious3)发音字母abaghandandanthappyhatmapmadbadblackbackgladflagshallman4)[e]字母组合eaeaheadbreadpleasureelephantelectricremembersellshelllessonbetterbeddeskhotelyesmanyany5)[ε:]字母组合irurearerorgirlshirtskirtthirtythirteenthirdbirdturnburnmurdernurseturtleThursdayburgerlearnearnearthheardtermhernerdserveworkwormworkworld6)[ε]字母组合erorouaroaeu teacherleaderrememberplayerspeakerfarmerpowder doctoractormayorauthortractordeliciousgraciouspleasurefamiliar collardollartogethertomorrowtodayshalloplessonWashingtoncontrolpoli tearoundaccountago elephantmantabananaCanadaJapanchinamenlisten famulusSaturday7)[a:]字母组合aracarfarmcardarmgardenfastclasslastglassplantauntcalm8)[]发音字母uoouooupsupperlunchfungunhuntcupbus comemotherdosebrotherloveabovetroubleroughflourishbloodflood9)[]字母组合alorauourarawsmallwalltalktallhallballcallwalk shortmorelordhorseforfortysportdoorfloorstoreauthorcaughtautumn fourmourncourtbought warmquarrelquarterdrawsawflaw10)[]发音字母oa hotlostlotfoGboGmophoplosscollarnot wantwash11)[u:]字母组合ooou foodmoonroomgloombroomdoomgoosetooth shoedotwotruetruthbluefull12)[u]字母组合ooouulookgoodfootbookshouldcouldputfullbullpullpushwomanwolf13)[ei]发音字母aayeaaiey namecakelategateplaneApril playsaymaywaygreatbreakrainpaintplaintheygrey14)[ai]发音字母iy bikefinefinddieninelightnighthighmytryflyeye15)[au]字母组合ouow houseoutflourgroundaccountcountsoundloudaroundmouse flowerdownnowcowhowtown16)[εu]发音字母oowoa homecoldgonophonehostghost knowlowbelowgrowblowshowflowboatcoatgoal17)[]字母组合oyoiboytoyjoyoilsoilvoicechoice18)[iε]字母组合eer beerdeerearideanearherefierce19)[]字母组合earair pearbearchairairfaircaretherewhere20)[uε]hourtourpoorflowershower[ei][ai][aU][EU][Ri][i[][Z[][UE]2容易混淆的元音[][e] badbedhandheadmanmenlandlendpanpensadsaid[i:][ei]realrailgreetgreatmeanmainreadraid[e][ai]betbiteredwritesaidsideheadhide[aU][] househorseloudlordsouthsaucecloudclausenownorcountcorn [aU][]foundfonddowndonegowngonetownton3辅音1)[p]penpearplaypigpourpullpush2)[b]bookbigbootbikebreadbreak3)[t]treetwotentontowntwentycity4)[d]doordulldeskdosedodogdictionary5)[k]kingkitekeylookcookbookkitchensky(发音字母k) cardcatcreamcorrectclimbcomeaccountaccept(发音字母c) foGboGoGygenG-ray(发音字母G) schoolscheduleschema(字母组合ch)6)[g]girlgoodgoalgoatgradelonglanguage7)[m]manmakemoonmorningmovecomecomb8)[n]pentenninefinenightnoonmoonclean9)[N]unclebankEnglishthinkthankjunk singkingmorningevening10)[l]longlandlendlordflyflagblack worldcoldcouldgoalsoul11)[r]readredrightrunroomwrite12)[f]fiveflyfineflagfrogfogroofknifelifewife(字母f)coughlaughrough(字母gh)physicphotophone(ph)13)[v]veryeveningeveneveryvoicevest(字母v)of(字母f)14)[s]siGsitstudentsameseatkissmisscasescarf(发音字母s) licensecityceasecedarceilingcelebrate(发音字母c) licencepiecejuicesciencelancespaceace(字母组合ce) 15)[z]zoozebrazerozap(z) closenosehosesupposepausethosewhose(se)16)[]thinkthankthreethirtytoothmouth17)[]thatthisthosethesethough18)[]sheepshouldershipshoeshebrushwash(sh) nationattentionstationsocialspecialsure19)[]pleasure20)[h]hothophomehousehorsehowwho21)[w]whenwhatwherewindowwindwood22)[j]yesyearyellyouyouryolkyellow23)[]childchickenchinachairlunchouchteach(字母组合ch)catchwatchmatch(字母组合tch)24)[]agelanguagecabbagevegetablestagebridge joyenjoyjoinJulyJunejunk25)[tr]treecountrytrytreattracktrunk26)[dr]drydreamdropdrivedrink27)[ts]studentsbootsboatsgoatsnuts28)[dz]goodswoodsmoodshoods4容易混淆的辅音[v][w] vestwestvetwetvinewineverywell[s][] sinkthinkmassmathmissmythsortsought [z][]closeclothbreezebreathe[n][] thinthingsinsingranrangbanbangwinwing5字母,组合音节发音规律1)a[ei][?][][a:][] lateprivategradebakegrapenationstationpage activehandbankfanparentfamilygladflag acceptaboutaboveformativemachinecinema fastlastglassclasspastfather washwhatwatchwant2)e[i:][e][i][]不发音appreciateeGtremelysecretshemehe letterleftmessagegeneratepebble decideprettypreviousresultrestore problemprosperousstudentconfident activetablelatewifestorelecture3)i[ai][i]。

音标拼读基本规则方法

音标拼读基本规则方法

音标拼读基本规则方法音标是一种用来标示语音的符号系统,它可以帮助我们正确地发音。

在学习英语的过程中,掌握音标拼读基本规则方法是非常重要的,下面我们来详细了解一下。

首先,要了解英语中的元音音标。

元音音标包括长元音和短元音两种。

长元音通常由一个字母表示,比如/a:/、/i:/、/u:/、/e:/、/ɔ:/、/ɜ:/、/ə:/等;而短元音则通常由两个字母组合表示,比如/æ/、/e/、/ɪ/、/ɒ/、/ʌ/、/ʊ/等。

掌握这些元音音标的发音规律是学习音标拼读的基础。

其次,需要了解辅音音标。

辅音音标通常由一个或多个字母组合表示,比如/p/、/b/、/t/、/d/、/k/、/g/、/f/、/v/、/θ/、/ð/等。

辅音音标的发音规律也是非常重要的,它们在单词中的位置和组合方式都会影响到整个单词的发音。

另外,要注意元音音标和辅音音标的组合。

在英语中,元音音标和辅音音标经常会组合在一起,形成复杂的音标。

比如/dʒ/、/tʃ/、/ʃ/、/ʒ/、/ŋ/等,这些都是由元音音标和辅音音标组合而成的。

掌握这些组合的发音规律,可以帮助我们更准确地拼读单词。

此外,还需要了解重音音标。

在英语单词中,通常会有一个音节被重读,这就是重音音标。

重音音标的位置会影响到整个单词的发音和语调。

因此,学习音标拼读的过程中,要注意重音音标的位置和发音规律。

最后,要通过大量的练习来巩固所学的音标知识。

通过听力训练、口语练习和阅读理解等方式,不断地接触和运用音标,才能真正掌握音标拼读的基本规则方法。

总的来说,学习音标拼读的基本规则方法并不难,关键在于理解和掌握。

通过系统地学习元音音标、辅音音标、元音音标和辅音音标的组合以及重音音标等知识,并通过大量的实践和练习来巩固所学知识,相信大家一定可以轻松掌握音标拼读的基本规则方法,从而提高英语发音和听力水平。

希望本文所介绍的内容能够对大家有所帮助,谢谢阅读!。

七年级英语48个音标标准读法

七年级英语48个音标标准读法

七年级英语48个音标标准读法近年来,随着我国对外开放的迅速发展和国际化程度的不断提高,英语学习在我国也日益受到重视。

六年级后学生们开始系统学习英语,其中一个关键的部分便是音标的学习。

音标不仅是英语发音准确的基础,更是学习口语、听力和发音的必备工具。

在初中阶段,教师和学生都要对48个音标的标准读法有着清晰的认识。

一、元音音标1. /i:/ [i] 例如:see /si:/ (看)2. /ɪ/ [i] 例如:sit /sɪt/ (坐)3. /e/ [e] 例如:red /red/(红色)4. /æ/ [æ] 例如:cat /kæt/ (猫)5. /ɜ:/ [ə:] 例如:bird /bɜ:d/ (鸟)6. /ə/ [ə] 例如:sofa /səʊfə/ (沙发)7. /ʌ/ [ʌ] 例如:cup /kʌp/ (杯子)8. /ʊ/ [ʊ] 例如:book /bʊk/ (书)9. /u:/ [u] 例如:moon /mu:n/ (月亮)10. /ɔ:/ [ɔ:] 例如:short /ʃɔ:t/ (短的)11. /ɒ/ [ɒ] 例如:dog /dɒg/ (狗)12. /ɑ:/ [ɑ:] 例如:car /kɑ:/ (车)13. /eə/ [eə] 例如:h本人r /heə/ (头发)14. /eə/ [eə] 例如:本人r /eə/ (空气)15. /ɪə/ [ɪə] 例如:pear /peə/ (梨)16. /ʊə/ [ʊə] 例如:tour /tʊə/ (旅行)二、双元音音标17. /ɪə/ [ɪə] 例如:near /nɪə/ (近)18. /eɪ/ [eɪ] 例如:day /deɪ/ (一天)19. /eɪ/ [eɪ] 例如:say /seɪ/ (说)20. /aɪ/ [aɪ] 例如:my /maɪ/ (我的)21. /aɪ/ [aɪ] 例如:buy /baɪ/ (买)22. /ɔɪ/ [ɔɪ] 例如:boy /bɔɪ/ (男孩)23. /aʊ/ [aʊ] 例如:now /naʊ/ (现在)24. /aʊ/ [aʊ] 例如:how /haʊ/ (怎么)25. /əʊ/ [əʊ] 例如:know /nəʊ/ (知道)26. /əʊ/ [əʊ] 例如:go /gəʊ/ (去)三、清辅音音标27. /p/ [p] 例如:pat /pæt/ (轻拍)28. /t/ [t] 例如:tom /tɒm/ (汤姆)29. /k/ [k] 例如:cat /kæt/ (猫)30. /f/ [f] 例如:fan /fæn/ (风扇)31. /θ/ [θ] 例如:think /θɪŋk/ (想)32. /s/ [s] 例如:six /sɪks/ (六)33. /ʃ/ [ʃ] 例如:shop /ʃɒp/ (商店)34. /h/ [h] 例如:hat /hæt/ (帽子)35. /tʃ/ [tʃ] 例如:chat /tʃæt/ (聊天)四、浊辅音音标36. /b/ [b] 例如:big /bɪg/ (大的)37. /d/ [d] 例如:dog /dɒg/ (狗)38. /g/ [g] 例如:go /gəʊ/ (去)39. /v/ [v] 例如:very /'veri/(非常)40. /ð/ [ð] 例如:this /ðɪs/ (这)41. /z/ [z] 例如:zoo /zu:/ (动物园)42. /ʒ/ [ʒ] 例如:vision /'vɪʒ(ə)n/ (视觉)43. /m/ [m] 例如:mum /m ʌm/ (妈妈)44. /n/ [n] 例如:nice /naɪs/ (不错)45. /ŋ/ [ŋ] 例如:sing /sɪŋ/ (唱)46. /l/ [l] 例如:look /lʊk/ (看)47. /r/ [r] 例如:red /red/ (红色)48. /j/ [j] 例如:yellow /'jeləʊ/ (黄色)总结在进行英语学习的过程中,音标的准确掌握和灵活运用不仅对于听力和口语的培养有着重要的帮助,更能够使学生们在阅读和发音时更加得心应手。

初中英语音标发音表及发音规则

初中英语音标发音表及发音规则

初中英語國際標準音標練習元音12個單元音長母音[i:][][][u:][a:]短母音[i][][][u][][e][] 8個雙母音[ai][ei][i][i][][u][][au]輔音10對清輔音[p][t][k][f][s][][ ∫] [][tr][ts]濁輔音[b][d][g][v][z][][ ] [][dr][dz] 3個鼻音[m][n][]3個似拼音[h][r][l]2個半母音[w][j]/i:/ bee/bi:/ feet/fi:t/ keep/ki:p/ key/ki:/ team/ti:m/ meet/mi:t//i/it /it/ big/big/ city/siti/ give/giv/ sick/sik//a:/ laugh/la:f/ glass/gla:s/ half/ha:f/ farm/fa:m/ park/pa:k// ʌ / must/mʌst/ does/dʌz/ money/′mʌni/ ugly/′ʌgli/ come/kʌm/ / ɔ:/ horse/hɔ: s/ saw/sɔ:/ corn/kɔ:n/ course/kɔ:s/ salt/sɔ:t// ɔ / dog/dɔg/ pot/pɔt/ cost/kɔst/ what/wɔt/ honest/′ɔnist//u:/ food/fu:d/ moon/mu:n/ rule/ru:l/ loose/lu:s/ noon/nu:n//u/ book/buk/ put/put/ good/gud/ would/wud/ could/kud//ə:/ nurse/nə:s/ bird/bə:d/ burn/bə:n/ turn/tə:n/ girl/gə:l//ə / better/betə/ never/nevə/ worker/wə:kə/ welcome/welkəm//e/ get/get/ best/best/ text/tekst/ help/help//æ/fat/fæt/ have/hæv/ cat/kæt/ back/bæk/ hat/hæt//ei/ may/mei/ name/neim/ game/geim/ eight/eit/ age/eidʒ//ai/eye/ai/ time/taim/ buy/bai/ right/rait/ bike/baik/ kite/kait/ /ɔi/ boy/bɔi/ toy/tɔi/ noise/nɔiz/ voice/vɔis/ point/pɔint//iə/ ear/iə/ near/niə/ idea/ai′diə/ hear/hiə/ mere/miə/ spear/spiə/ /εə/ air/εə/ tear/tεə/ care/kεə/ dare/dεə/ fair/fεə/ there/ðεə//uə/ tour/tuə/ poor/puə/ sure/ʃuə/ moor/muə/(停泊) your/juə//əu/no/nəu/ home/həum/ hope/həup/ wrote/rəut/ note/nəut//au/ now/nau/ out/aut/ how/hau/ about/ ə′baut/ south/sauθ//p/ pea/pi:/ pie/pai/ top/tɔp/ cap/kæp/ people/pi:pl//b/bee/bi:/ by/bai/ buy/bai/ black/blæk/ bear/bεə//t/ let/let/ sat/sæt/ feet/fi:t/ team/ti:m/ tide/taid//d/ led/led/ sad/sæd/ feed/fi:d/ do/du:/ dear/diə//k/ lack/læk/ take/teik/ clock/klɔk/ class/kla:s//g/ big/big/ lag/læg/ glass/gla:s/ gum/gʌm/ good/gud//f/face/feis/ fast/fa:st/ leaf/li:f/ surf/sə:f/ favorite/′feivərit//v/ very/′veri/ five/faiv/ fever/′fi:və/ serve/sə:v/ never/′nevə//θ/ bath/ba:θ/(v洗澡) thick/θik/ mouth/mauθ/ breath/breθ/(n呼吸) /ð/the/ ðə/ they/ðei/ that/ðæt/ mother/′mʌðə/ thus/ ðʌs//s/ face/feis/ mouse/maus/ cakes/keiks/ caps/kæps/ likes/laiks//z/ close/kləuz/ keys/ki:z/ boys/bɔiz/ pens/penz/ halves/ha:vz//tʃ/ catch/kætʃ/ cheep/tʃi:p/ rich/ritʃ/ watch/wtʃ/ child/tʃaild//dʒ/orange/′ɔridʒ/ large/la:dʒ/ juice/dʒu:s/ job/dʒɔb//tr/tree/tri:/ try/trai/ true/tru:/ trouble/traubl/ track/træk//dr/ dry/drai/ dream/dri:m/ dress/dres/ drink/driŋk//ʃ/ she/ʃi:/ sharp/ʃa:p/ fish/fiʃ/ shock/ʃɔk/ shoe/ʃu://ʒ/pleasure/′pleʒə/ measure/′meʒə/ television/′teliviʒən//ts/let′s/lets/ sports/spɔ:ts/ puts/puts/ writes/raits/ seats/si:ts/ /dz/ hands/hændz/ birds/bə:dz/ friends/freindz/ beds/bedz//h/ he/ hi:/ hard/ha:d/ him/him/ heard/hə:d/ half/ha:f//l/like/laik/ late/leit/ learn/lə:n/ lead/li:d/ light/lait//m/ my/mai/ more/mɔ:/ seem/si:m/ meat/mi:t/ mind/maind//n/nice/nais/ wind/waind/ mind/maind/ rain/rein/ fine/fain//ŋ/ sing/siŋ/ wing/wiŋ/ ring/riŋ/ long/lɔŋ/ beautiful/bju:təfl//j/you/ju:/ few/fju:/ yard/ja:d/ music/′mju:zik/ student/′stju:dnt//w/ work/wə:k/ way/wei/ well/wel/ what/wɔt/ twelve/twelv/ /r/ red/red/ road/rəud/ write/rait/ wrong/rɔŋ/ problem/′prɔbləm/母音音素:/i:/ 【衣發長點】/I/ 【衣急促地發聲】/e/ 【哎發這個音の時候不要把“哎”のī給讀出來,嘴唇放鬆自然地讀】/æ/ 【哎發這個音の時候不要把“哎”のī給讀出來,嘴唇扁平地發】/ə:/ 【額發長音】/ə/ 【額發短音】/∧/ 【阿嘴巴微微地張開發出這個音就可以了】/a:/ 【啊嘴巴長到最大】/כ/ 【哦急促】/כ:/ 【哦聲音拖長】/u/ 【烏急促】/u:/ 【烏聲音拖長】/eI/ 【有點像答應人の“誒”の聲音】/aI/ 【唉】/כI/ 【哦-喂連著讀】/əu/ 【嘔】/au/ 【傲】/Iə/ 【衣-餓連著讀】/εə/ 【哎-餓連著讀】/uə/ 【烏-餓連著讀】輔音音素:/p/ 【普不要把ǔ給發出來,輕音】/b/ 【不不要把ù給發出來,濁音】/t/ 【特不要把è給發出來,輕音】/d/ 【得不要把é給發出來,濁音】/k/ 【克不要把è給發出來,輕音】/g/ 【各不要把è給發出來,濁音】/f/ 【福不要把ú給發出來,輕音】/v/ 【有點像摩托車啟動の聲音,“嗚嗚嗚”地,但是是像發“vúvúvú”一樣,不要把ú給發出來,濁音】/s/ 【絲像蛇吐芯子發出の那種聲音,不要把ī給讀出來,輕音】/z/ 【就是/s/の濁音】/θ/ 【牙齒咬住舌頭の輕音】/δ/ 【牙齒咬住舌頭の濁音】/∫/ 【西不要把ī給發出來,輕音】/з/ 【衣不要把ī給發出來,濁音】/h/ 【喝不要把ē給發出來,輕音】/r/ 【若不要把uò給發出來,濁音】/t∫/ 【七不要把ī給發出來,輕音】/dз/ 【姬不要把ī給發出來,濁音】/tr/ 【缺不要把uē給發出來,輕音】/dr/ 【撅不要把uē給發出來,濁音】/ts/ 【次不要把ì給發出來,輕音】/dz/ 【自不要把ì給發出來,濁音】/m/ 【嘴巴閉住,然後發音,氣流從鼻子出來,濁音】/n/ 【嘴巴微張,舌尖頂住上顎,氣流從鼻子出來而不是從嘴巴出來,濁音】/ŋ/ 【嘴巴長大,舌頭向下彎曲,氣流從鼻子出來而不是從嘴巴出來,濁音】/l/ 【有兩個讀音。

音标拼读基本规则方法

音标拼读基本规则方法

音标拼读基本规则方法
音标是英语学习中非常重要的一部分,它可以帮助我们正确地发音和拼读单词。

掌握音标的基本规则方法对于提高英语口语和听力水平至关重要。

下面将介绍音标的基本规则方法,希望能帮助大家更好地掌握英语发音和拼读。

首先,我们需要了解英语中的元音音标和辅音音标。

元音音标包括长元音和短元音,辅音音标包括浊辅音和清辅音。

在掌握了这些基本概念之后,我们就可以开始学习音标的拼读规则了。

其次,学习音标的拼读规则需要注意以下几点:
1. 元音音标的拼读规则,长元音和短元音的拼读规则不同,需要根据单词的构词规律来确定。

例如,单个元音字母通常表示长元音,而在辅音后面的元音字母通常表示短元音。

2. 辅音音标的拼读规则,辅音音标的拼读规则相对较为复杂,需要根据单词的构词规律和发音规律来确定。

例如,辅音字母在不同位置以及不同组合下的发音规律是不同的。

3. 双元音和复合辅音的拼读规则,双元音和复合辅音的拼读规则需要根据其构词规律和发音规律来确定,需要特别注意其发音的变化规律。

最后,学习音标的拼读规则需要不断进行练习和巩固。

可以通过大量的阅读和听力练习来熟悉各种单词的拼读规则,同时也可以通过口语练习来提高自己的发音准确性。

总之,音标的拼读规则方法对于英语学习者来说非常重要,掌握了这些规则方法可以帮助我们更好地提高英语口语和听力水平。

希望大家能够认真学习和掌握音标的拼读规则,从而更好地提高自己的英语水平。

初中英语音标发音规则

初中英语音标发音规则

一、元音和辅音英语共有48个音素,其中元音20个,辅音28个。

辅音和元音在英语中的作用,就相当于汉语中的声母和韵母。

记录英语音素的符号叫做音标。

元音:元音:发音响亮,是乐音,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是音节的主要组成部分.英语中有20个元音.(A)单元音a. 前元音:/ i: /, /i/,/ e /,/æ /b. 中元音:/ ә:/, / ә/c. 后元音:/ כ:/, /כ/, / u /, / u:/,/ɑ:/,/Λ/(B) 双元音(8个):a. 合口双元音:/ ei/,/ әu/, / ai /, / au /, / i/b. 集中双元音:/ iә /,/εә/,/uә /B.辅音:发音不响亮,是噪音,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不是音节的重要组成部分,英语中有28个辅音.辅音的分类:按其发音的方法分,有:a.爆破音/ p/, / b/,/t/, / d /,/ k/, /ɡ/b.摩擦音/ f /,/v/,/θ/,/ ð/,/ s/,/ z/c.破擦音/ t∫/,/ dӡ/,/tr/,/dr/,/ts/,/dz/d.鼻音/m / , / n/,/ ŋ/e.旁流音(舌侧音)/l /巧记48个国际音标单元音共十二,四二六前中后。

双元音也好背,合口集中八个整。

辅音共计二十八,八对一清又七浊,四个连对也包括。

有气无声清辅音,有声无气浊辅音,发音特点应掌握。

单元音/ i: /----Ee/i:/[i:]舌抵下齿,双唇扁平作微笑状,发“一”之长音。

此音是长元音,一定注意把音发足。

Bb/bi:/、Cc/si:/、Dd/di:/ 、Gg/dʒi:/、Tt/ti:/、Vv/vi:/[i:]是字母e、ea、ee、ie、ei在单词中的发音(1) e we me he she be fever meter evening(2) ea eat tea meatleavelead teacherteam mean speakclean ﻫ(3)ee threetree green sheepmeet beef see seek ﻫ(4) iepiece(5) eireceive ceiling[i]-----big /big/舌抵下齿,双唇扁平分开,牙床近于全舌,发短促之“一”音, 发此音要短促而轻快。

初中英语48个音标读法

初中英语48个音标读法

初中英语48个音标读法一、单元音:[i:]、[i]、[ɔ:]、[ɔ]、[u:]、[u]、[ə:]、[ə]、[ɑ:]、[ʌ]、[e]、[æ][i:]――谐音为:易(yi);像数字1,记忆真容易。

[ɔ:]――谐音为:噢(o);噢,这个音标就像个o。

[u:]――谐音为:雾(wu);杯子上有很多雾。

[ə:]――谐音为:饿(e);一只鹅饿得晕倒了。

[ɑ:]――谐音为:啊(a);音标的读音跟拼音一样。

[e]――谐音为:夜(ye);这只鹅喜欢走夜路。

二、双元音:[ei]、[ai]、[ɔi]、[iə]、[ɛə]、[uə]、[au]、[əu][ei]――谐音为:妹(mei);鹅有一个妹妹。

[ai]――谐音为:爱(ai);音标的读音跟拼音一样。

[ɔi]――这个音标找不到拼音的谐音,可以按照字母o、i的发音连读来进行谐音记忆。

[iə]――谐音和外形都像:12[ɛə]――谐音为:挨饿;外形像3只鹅;三只鹅都在挨饿。

[uə]――谐音为:屋鹅;一屋子的鹅都装在杯子里。

[au]――谐音为:傲(ao);一个杯子很骄傲,不让人拿它喝水。

[əu]――谐音为:鸥(ou);一只鹅在杯子里找海鸥。

三、辅音:[θ]、[ð]、[ʃ]、[ʒ]注:多数辅音的读音与拼音差别不大,可以通过拼音来进行谐音;还有一部分辅音没有对应的拼音字体,我们的记忆方法主要是针对这四个辅音。

) 其中,[θ]和[ð]这两个音标,它们没有近似的拼音来对应,主要靠嘴形来记忆。

[θ]――外形像上下牙齿咬着舌头;[ð]――外形则像舌头顶在上下牙齿之间。

而[ʃ]和[ʒ]这两个音标,则可以找到近似的拼音来作为谐音。

[ʃ]――谐音为:嘘(xu);嘘,这里有条很长的蛇,赶快保持安静! [ʒ]――谐音为:雨(yu);外形像3。

今天下了3场大雨。

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一、元音和辅音英语共有48个音素,其中元音20个,辅音28个。

辅音和元音在英语中的作用,就相当于汉语中的声母和韵母。

记录英语音素的符号叫做音标。

元音:元音: 发音响亮,是乐音,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是音节的主要组成部分.英语中有20个元音.(A)单元音a. 前元音:/ i: /, / i /, / e /, / æ /b. 中元音:/ ә: /, / ә /c. 后元音:/ כ:/, /כ/, / u /, / u: /, /ɑ: /, /Λ /(B) 双元音(8个):a. 合口双元音:/ ei /, / әu /, / ai /, / au /, / i/b. 集中双元音:/ i ә /, / εә/, / uә /B. 辅音: 发音不响亮,是噪音,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不是音节的重要组成部分,英语中有28个辅音.辅音的分类:按其发音的方法分,有:a.爆破音/ p /, / b /, / t/, / d /, / k /, / ɡ/b.摩擦音/ f /,/ v /,/θ/,/ ð/,/ s /,/ z /c.破擦音/ t∫/,/ dӡ/,/tr/,/dr/,/ts/,/dz/d.鼻音/ m / , / n /, / ŋ /e.旁流音(舌侧音)/ l /巧记48个国际音标单元音共十二,四二六前中后。

双元音也好背,合口集中八个整。

辅音共计二十八,八对一清又七浊,四个连对也包括。

有气无声清辅音,有声无气浊辅音,发音特点应掌握。

单元音/ i: /----Ee /i:/[i:]舌抵下齿,双唇扁平作微笑状,发“一”之长音。

此音是长元音,一定注意把音发足。

Bb/bi:/、Cc/si:/、Dd/di:/ 、Gg/dʒi:/、Tt/ti:/、Vv/vi:/[i:]是字母e、ea、ee、ie、ei在单词中的发音(1) e we me he she be fever meter evening(2) ea eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean(3) ee three tree green sheep meet beef see seek(4) ie piece(5) ei receive ceiling[i] -----big /big/舌抵下齿,双唇扁平分开,牙床近于全舌,发短促之“一”音, 发此音要短促而轻快。

[i]是字母e、i、y在单词中的发音,(1) e begin English pretty cinema decide delicious(2) i sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss(3)y boy city very sorry many twenty happy dictionary[e] --egg /eg/舌近硬鄂,舌尖顶下齿,牙床半开半合,作微笑状。

Ff〔ef〕、Mm〔em〕、Nn〔en〕、Ss〔es〕[e]是字母e、ea、a在单词中的发音(1)e bed red let get leg pen elephant desk better(2)ea head bread pleasure(3)a many any/ æ / ---bag / bæg /[æ] 双唇扁平,舌前微升,舌尖抵住下龈,牙床开,软鄂升起,唇自然开放。

是字母a在闭音节或重读闭音节中的发音。

bad am and at sad hand happy hat map mad black back glad flag man/ ә: /--bird /bə:d /[ә: ]舌上抬,唇成自然状态,口半开半闭,发“厄”之长音。

是字母er、ir、or 或ur在单词中的发音(1) er her term(2) ir girl bird first third thirty shirt skirt birthday(3) or work word world(4) ur nurse turn hurt Thursday[ ә]--today / tə'dei /[ә] 舌上抬,唇成自然状态,口半开半闭,发“厄”之短音。

是字母a、o、u、e、or、er、ur 或ar在单词中的发音(1)a about above along America around banana Canada china(2)o together tomorrow today police(3)u autumn(4)or doctor actor work homework housework vistor mirror forget(5)er father mother brother sister ruler water dinner driver farmer(6)ur surprise Saturday(8)ar dollar[כ:] ---all [כ:l]双唇界于开闭、圆唇之间,牙床半开渐至全开,舌尖卷上再过渡为卷后。

是字母o、al、ar、or、oar、our或oor在单词中的发音(1)o story off(2)al small wall talk tall hall ball call walk(3)ar warm quarter(4)au August autumn daughter(5)or for short sport more horse(6)oar board blackboard cardboard(7)our four your(8)oor door floor[כ] ---box /bכks/双唇稍微向外突出圆形,舌后升起,舌尖不触下齿,发“奥”音是字母a、o在单词中的发音(1)([w])a want wash watch what(2)o hot lot not on sorry[u:]---do[du:]双唇成圆形,牙床近于半合,舌尖不触下齿,自然而不用力,发“屋”之长音。

Uu〔ju:〕Ww〔`dʌblju:〕是字母o、u、oo或ou在单词中的发音(1)o do to who two(2)u blue glue June(3)oo food room pool boot school too zoo(4)ou soup group through[u] ---put/put/双唇成圆形,牙床近于半合,舌尖不触下齿,自然而不用力,发短促之“屋”音。

是字母u、oo或ou在单词中的发音(1)o woman wolf(2)oo book look good foot wood(3)oul could would should(4)u put sugar full push pull[ɑ:]---arm/ɑ:m/ Rr〔α:〕双唇张而不圆,牙床大开,舌后微升,舌尖向后升缩微离下齿,发阿之长音。

(1)a fast class last glass plant(2)ar car farm card far garden party park[ʌ] --- cup [kʌp] Ww〔`dʌblju:〕双唇平放,牙床半开,舌尖抵住下龈,舌后微微升起,发短促之“阿”音是字母o或u在单词中的发音(1)o come none love other son mother(2)oo blood flood(3)ou touch country enough young(4)u bus sun but cut up us run双元音[ei] ---Aa〔ei〕舌类顶下齿,牙床半开半合,双唇扁平,由发“哀”平稳过渡到发“一”之长音。

Hh〔eiʧ〕、Jj〔dʒei〕、Kk〔kei〕是字母a在开音节中的读音。

⑴a name cake game face late gate plane April⑵ai rain train wait⑶ay day may okay play today say way⑷ea great break⑸ei(gh) eight eighteen eighty⑹ey they grey[ai] --eye [ai] Yy〔wai〕将口张开略圆,舌后升起,舌尖向后收缩,由发“阿”音平稳过渡到发“一”音。

是字母i或y在单词中的读音:(1)i bike fine find die nine light night high(2)y my try fly eye[ɔi]---oil [ɔi l]双唇外突成圆形,发“奥”音逐渐过渡为双唇扁平分开,发“一”之短音。

是字母oy和oi在单词中的读音(1)oy boy toy joy(2)oi soil voice choice point[au] --out [aut]将口张开略圆,渐渐合拢,双唇成圆形,由发“阿”音平稳过渡到发“屋”音。

是字母ou和ow在单词中的发音(1)ou out about house blouse loud⑵ow how now cow town[əu]--old [əuld] Oo〔əu〕口半开半合,舌后微升,过渡成双唇成圆形,发“欧”之长音。

是字母o、oa和ow在单词中的发音(1)o go no nose home open(2)oa goat boat coat(3)ow show know yellow window owner snow[iә]---ear [iə]双唇张开岈床由窄至半开舌抵下齿逐渐过渡至上卷,从“一”音过渡到“厄”音。

是字母ear、ere、ea、eer在单词中的读音(1)ea real idea(2)ear ear hear dear near clear(3)eer deer cheer beer(4)ere here[ɛə]--air[ɛə]双唇张开后略圆,牙床张开相当宽,舌尖卷上渐至卷后。

是字母air、are、ear、ere在单词中的读音⑴air air hair chair fair⑵are care hare parent⑶ear pear wear bear⑷ere there where[uə]--hour双唇成圆形,牙床近于半合,舌尖不触下齿,发“屋”之长音,然后从“屋”音过渡到“厄”音。

是字母our、oor、ure、eer在单词中的读⑴ure sure⑵oor poor⑶our tour元音/i:/ fee feed feet tea sea seek/ɪ/ fit did dick pig pill pity/e/ bed better beg bell best said/æ/ lab lack bag back banner flag/ɑ:/ car card bar bath far father/ ʌ/ bus sum supper run rush rubber /ɔ:/door four form saw sought sorter / ɔ /song sock sorry long loss dog / u:/ two tool soon blue school goose / u/ good book stood fool cook put / ɜ:/ sir serve surface stir turn were /ə/ again above arrive reader editor/eɪ/ pay pain pace say save rain/aɪ/ why wide eye ice lie line/ɔɪ/joy join boy point coin choice/ɪə/beer fear hear here real theatre /eə/ air care dare bear there dairy/ uə/ tour tourist poor sure during/əu / low load hoe home hope know /au / now mouse loud mouth allow辅音/p/park pig path lamp sleep cap/b/ bed lab book bit best job/ t/tea tell meet hat spite waiter/d/ desk date dice and find red/ k/ key kiss keep cake ink week/g/ gate game get egg ago leg/f/fat fast feel first leaf wife/v/very vast verb believe have brave /s/ see seek son snow bus less/z/zoo zero zeal lays size eyes/θ/think thank thing cloth breath/ð/this that then breathe with bathe /ʃ/ sheep share shave push crash/ʒ/measure pleasure treasure occasion/tʃ/chair cheap rich reach catch/dʒ/jeep joke Jane large orange/tr/tree trip try train trade translate /dr/ dress dry drive drop dream draw /ts/treats streets waits gets meets/dz/words birds kinds aids leads/ h/ head heart how high hand/ r/ rose rice read river rain pretty/m/ make much month member same/n/ nice north name need soon/ŋ/ ink think thank angry thing sing/ j/ yard yes yet year your yellow/ w/ word would world wake window/ ǀ/ let life lake bell silk fool音节音素: 音的最小单位,英语中有48个音素.音节: 由元音和辅音构成的发音单位.开音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音+不发音e 如:kite cake name bike make take home plane shine2) 辅音+元音如:he hi go no do be tree three hello闭音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音:sit bed bad bag hot hop let mad map head2) 元音+辅音如: it is of in on up out antA chicken is in the kitchen. / A horse is in the house.A mouse is in the cat’s mouth.A sheep eats some beef and drinks some green tea1元音:1) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e iethree tree green sheep meet beef see seekeat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak cleanpiece receive ceiling2)发音字母i y esit ture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build missmyth many twenty happy dictionarydefect decide delicious3) [æ]发音字母abag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man 4) [e]字母组合ea e ahead bread pleasureelephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yesmany any5) [ε:]字母组合ir ur ear er orgirl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third birdturn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burgerlearn earn earth heardterm her nerd servework worm work world6) [ε]字母组合er or ou ar o a e uteacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder doctor actor mayor author tractordelicious gracious pleasurefamiliar collar dollartogether tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan china men listenfamulus Saturday7) [a:] 字母组合ar acar farm card arm gardenfast class last glass plant aunt calm发音字母u o ou ooup supper lunch fun gun hunt cup buscome mother dose brother love abovetrouble rough flourishblood flood9) []字母组合al or au our arsmall wall talk tall hall ball call walkshort more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumnfour mourn court boughtwarm quarrel quarter10) []发音字母o ahot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar notwant wash watch11) [u:]字母组合oo o ufood moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth shoe do twotrue truth blue full prude字母组合oo ou u olook good foot book woodshould couldput full bull pull pushwoman wolf13) [ei]发音字母a ay ea ai eyname cake late gate plane Aprilplay say may waygreat breakrain paint plainthey grey14) [ai] 发音字母i ybike fine find die nine light night highmy try fly eye15) [au]字母组合ou owhouse out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse flower down now cow how town16) [εu]发音字母o ow oahome cold go no phone host ghost know low below grow blow show flow boat coat goal17) []字母组合oy oiboy toy joyoil soil voice choice18) [iε]字母组合eer earbeer deerear nearhere fierce idea19) []字母组合ear air erepear bearchair air fairthere wherecare20) [uε]字母组合our owerhour tourflower shower2 容易混淆的元音[A] [e]bad bed hand head man men land lend pan pen sad said[i:] [ei]real rail greet great mean main read raid[e] [ai]bet bite red write said side head hide[aU] [R:]house horse loud lord south sauce cloud clause now nor count corn [aU] [Q]found fond down done gown gone town ton[A][Q]fan fun tan tun san son tank tun3辅音1) pen pear play pig pour pull push2) book big boot bike bread break3) [t] tree two ten ton town twenty city4) [d] door dull desk dose do dog dictionary5) [k] king kite key look cook book kitchen sky (发音字母k)card cat cream correct climb come account accept (发音字母c) fox box oxygen x-ray (发音字母x)school schedule schema (字母组合ch)6) [g] girl good goal goat grade long language7) [m] man make moon morning move come comb8) [n] pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean9) [N] uncle bank English think thank junksing king morning evening10) [l] long land lend lord fly flag blackworld cold could goal soul11) [r] read red right run room write12) [f] five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wifecough laugh rough physic photo phone13) [v] very evening even every voice vestof14) [s] six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf (发音字母s) license city cease cedar ceiling celebrate (发音字母c)piece juice science lance space ace (字母组合ce)15) [z] zoo zebra zero zapclose nose hose suppose pause those whose16) [W] think thank three thirty tooth mouth17) [T] that this those these though18) [F] sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush washnation attention stationsocial specialsure19) [V] pleasure20) [h] hot hop home house horse how who21) [w] when what where window wind wood22) [j] yes year yell you your yolk yellow23) [tF] child chicken china chair lunch ouch catch teach24) [dV] age language cabbage vegetable stage bridgejoy enjoy join July June junk25) [tr] tree country try treat track trunk26) [dr] dry dream drop drive drink27) [ts] students boots boats goats nuts28) [dz] goods woods moods hoods1.字母q总是与u在一起,读做/kw/, 此处u不作元音.2.字母c在字母e, y, i前读做/s/ (cent, city, cycle), 其他字母前读做/k/(cut, cap, cop).3.字母e, i, y之前的字母g可以读做/j/(page, giant, gym), 其中字母e, i之前的g 也可以不读做/j/(get, girl, give); 其它字母之前的g读做/g/(gate, go, gust).4.元音a, e, o, u在音节结尾(开音节)一般读做字母音(长音a, e, o, u), 有助于学生正确划分并拼读元音字母+辅音字母+元音字母的不熟悉单词(re port…rather than rep ort).5.字母i和y经常读做/i/(big, gym), 但是也可读做I(silent, my, type).6.一个英语单词用字母y而不是i的结尾(my, by).7.有五种情况末尾的字母e不发音.(如me, she, 和he的短单词末尾的字母e 读做e, 较长的单词末尾的e不发音)尾字母e不发音应该被认为是”having a job” (承担一项工作)7.1 bake gene time/type code cute 使他前面的元音字母发字母音..7.2 love give blue true 使我们不要以一个v和一个u结束一个单词.7.3 chance bodice charge allege 使g和c读软音/j/和/s/.7.4 lit tle cas tle bot tle dab ble fid dle 避免一个音节没有一个元音字母.7.5 are nurse raise bye ewe owe cause 这一条被Spalding女士叫做无工作尾字母e; Sanseri女士叫做老工作尾字母e, 并说前四条之外的不发音尾字母e都叫做老工作尾字母e.7.5.1 使一个不是复数形式的单词不要以s结尾(dense而不是dens, purse不是purs, false 不是fals).7.5.2 加长短的主意词(main-idea), 如awe, ewe, rye7.5.3 区分同音异形词的含义. 如or/ore for/fore.7.5.4 中英语和外来语中(那里的尾字母e是要发音的)留下来的, 现在不发音. 如treatise giraffe8.有五种字母组合发/er/的音/, 记住下面的句子.Her nurse first works early. 这个句子是按英语用法中的降序排列的.另外,or在w后业可以发/er/的音. 还要记住有些词尾的ar和or也发/er/的音.如dollar, doctor.9. 1-1-1规则: 单音节单词中, 结尾是单元音加单个辅音的, 在添加以元音开始的词尾变化时, 需要将末尾的辅音字母再写一次再加词尾变化.(如hop---hop ped). 但是词尾是x除外, 因为它由两个音/ks/.10. 2-1-1规则: 双音节词中, 结尾是单元音加单个辅音的, 在添加以元音开始的词尾变化时, 需要将末尾的辅音字母再写一次再加词尾变化(be gin--- be gin + ning). 第二个音节不重读的不能双写末尾辅音字母(en ter, prof it, bud get).11. 去e规则, 以不发音的e结尾的单词在添加以元音开始的词尾变化是需要去掉末尾不发音的e.(come----coming)12. 是ie还是ei? 一般情况下, 应该是ie, 但是1) c之后用ei; 2)发字母a的音时, 用ei(neighbor, weigh, vein). 还有下面的例外情形Neither foreign sovereign seized counterfeit forfeited leisure. Plus: either weird protein heifer:13. 音素sh用在一个基本词的开头或是结尾(she, dish), 还用在一个音节的结尾(fin ish), 但绝对不会在后一个音节的开头, 除非是以ship结尾(wor ship, friend ship).14. 音素si, ti, ci最常用在一个基本词的第二及以后的开头, 发音/sh/. 常常可以通过考察词根和根词来确定发/sh/时用什么样的音素.比如infect to in fec tious / collect to col lec tion / potent to po ten tialmusic to mu si cian / space to spa cious / finance to fi nan cialsoci (companion) to so cial / ancien (old) to an cientcruc (cross) to cru cial / speci (kind) to spe cial15. 音素si在前一个音节以s结尾时(ses sion)发/sh/, 一个基本词经过词尾变化后只有一个s(tense---tension), 其中的音素si发/sh/.discuss to dis cus sion / compress to com pres sion / admis to ad mis sion16. 音素si可以发/zh/, 如vi sion, di vi sion, oc ca sion, ex plo sion.17. 只有一个元音的单音节词,常常双写词尾的l, s, f. 比如will, off, miss. 有时双音节词也用到这条规则, 如re cess18. 词尾为长音a时, 常用ay在词尾而不是a. (bay, day, decay)19. 元音i和o后面有两个辅音时,常发长音. (find, old)20. s从不在x后, 音素x包含一个/s/音, /ks/.21. 去L规则1: all单独出现有两个l, 但在前缀中只有一个l.(al most, al so, al though).22. 去L规则2: till和full单独出现有两个l, 作后缀只有一个l. (un til, plen ti ful).23. 音素dge只用在单元音后面,而且这个元音发短音(badge, edge, bridge, lodge, budge).24. Y变I规则: 进行词尾变化时, 词尾是一个辅音字母+y, 要变y为i. 下列两种情况驻外(1)加-ing, (2)变后会引起音节分裂.city/cit ies beauty/beau ti ful play/player funny/fun ni estmultiply/mul ti ply ing rely/re li able cry/cried deny/denied25. 音素ck只用在单元音后, 而且这个元音发短音(back, neck, lick, rock, duck).26. 字母开头的z永远发/z/, 不会发/s/.27. 音素ed有三个音, 基本词以/t/和/d/音结尾, ed发/ed/(divide---divided,heat---heated); 基本词以浊辅音结尾的, ed发/d/( lived), 以清辅音结尾的发/t/(stopped)28. 单词常常(always)在双辅音间分音节[但要注意不要把辅音字母组合分开(如ma the ma tic)], 重读音节的辅音才发音, 非重读音节的辅音不发音lit tle.。

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