2006年5月人事部三级笔译真题练习
人事部三级笔译（CATTI）06.11英译汉真题
人事部三级笔译（CATTI）06.11英译汉真题人事部三级笔译（CATTI）2006.11英译汉真题For all the natural and man-made disasters of the past year, travelers seem more determined than ever to leave home.Never mind the tsunami devastation in Asia last December, the recent earthquake in Kashmir or the suicide bombings this year in London and Bali, among other places on or off the tourist trail. The number of leisure travelers visiting tourist destinations hit by trouble has in some cases bounced back to a level higher than before disaster struck.A"This new fast recovery of tourism we are observing is kind of strange," said John Koldowski, director for the Strategic Intelligence Center of the Bangkok-based Pacific Asia Travel Association. "It makes you think about the adage that any publicity is good publicity."It is still too soon to compile year-on-year statistics for the disasters of the past 12 months, but travel industry experts say that the broad trends are already clear. Leisure travel is expected to increase by nearly 5 percent this year, according to the World Tourism and Travel Council."Tourism and travel now seem to bounce back faster and higher each time there is an event of this sort," said Ufi Ibrahim,vice president of the London-based World T ourism and Travel Council. For London, where suicide bombers killed 56 and wounded 700 on July 8, she said, "It was almost as if people who stayed away after the bomb attack then decided to come back twice."Early indicators show that the same holds true for other disaster-struck destinations. Statistics compiled by the Pacific Asia Travel Association, for example, show that monthly visitor arrivals in Sri Lanka, where the Dec. 26, 2004, tsunami left more than 30,000 people dead or missing, were higher than one year earlier for every month from March through August of this year.A case commonly cited by travel professionals as an early example of the trend is Bali, where 202 people were killed in bombings targeting Western tourists in October 2002. Visitor arrivals plunged to 993,000 for the year after the bombing, but bounced back to 1.46 million in 2004, a level higher than the two years before the bomb, according to the Pacific Asia Travel Association.Even among Australians, who suffered the worst casualties in the Bali bombings, the number of Bali-bound visitors bounced back within two years to the highest level since 1998, according the Pacific Asia Travel Association. Bali was hit again this year by suicide bombers who killed 19 people in explosions at three restaurants.Visits are also on the upswing to post-tsunami Thailand, where the giant waves killed 5,400 and left more than 5,000missing.Although the tsunami killed more than 500 Swedes on the Thai resort island of Phuket, the largest number of any foreign nationality to die, Swedes are returning to the island in larger numbers than last year, according to My Travel Sweden, a Stockholm-based group that sends 600,000 tourists o verseas annually and claims a 28 percent market share for Sweden."We were confident that Thailand would eventually bounce back as a destination, but we didn"t think that this year it would come back even stronger than last year," said Joakim Eriksson, director of communication for My Travel Sweden. "We were very surprised because we really expected a significant decline." Eriksson said My Travel now expects a 5 percent increase in visitors to both Thailand and Sri Lanka this season compared with the same season last year. This behavior is a sharp change from the patterns of the 1990s, Eriksson said. "During the first Gulf war we saw a sharp drop in travel as a whole, and the same after Sept. 11," Eriksson said. "Now the main impact of terrorism or disasters is a change in destination."。
06-10三级笔译翻译实务真题
2006年5月人事部三级笔译真题第一部分第一部分 英译汉英译汉Freed by warming, waters once locked beneath ice are gnawing at coastal settlements around the Arctic Circle. In In Bykovsky, Bykovsky, a a village village village of of of 457 457 457 on on on Russia's Russia's Russia's northeast northeast northeast coast, coast, coast, the the the shoreline shoreline shoreline is is collapsing, creeping closer and closer to houses and tanks of heating oil, at a rate of 15 to 18 feet a year. "It "It is is is practically practically practically all all all ice ice ice - - - permafrost permafrost permafrost - - - and and and it it it is is is thawing." thawing." thawing." For For For the the the four four four million million people who live north of the Arctic Circle, a changing climate presents new opportunities. opportunities. But But But it it it also also also threatens threatens threatens their their their environment, environment, environment, their their their homes homes homes and, and, and, for for for those those whose traditions rely on the ice-bound wilderness, the preservation of their culture. A push to develop the North, quickened by the melting of the Arctic seas, carries its own rewards and dangers for people in the region. The discovery of vast petroleum fields in the Barents and Kara Seas has raised fears of catastrophic accidents as ships loaded with oil and, soon, liquefied gas churn through the fisheries off Scandinavia, headed to markets in Europe and North America. Land that was untouched could be tainted by pollution as generators, smokestacks and large vehicles sprout to support the growing energy industry. Coastal erosion is a problem in Alaska as well, forcing the United States to prepare to relocate several Inuit villages at a projected cost of $100 million or more for each one. Across the Arctic, indigenous tribes with traditions shaped by centuries of living in extremes of cold and ice are noticing changes in weather and wildlife. They are trying to adapt, but it can be confounding. In Finnmark, Norway's northernmost province, the Arctic landscape unfolds in late winter winter as as as an an an endless endless endless snowy snowy snowy plateau, plateau, plateau, silent silent silent but but but for for for the the the cries cries cries of of of the the the reindeer reindeer reindeer and and and the the occasional whine of a snowmobile herding them. A changing Arctic is felt there, too. "The reindeer are becoming unhappy," said Issat Eira, a 31-year-old reindeer herder. Few Few countries countries countries rival rival rival Norway Norway Norway when when when it it it comes comes comes to to to protecting protecting protecting the the the environment environment environment and and preserving indigenous customs. The state has lavished its oil wealth on the region, and Sami culture has enjoyed something of a renaissance. And And yet yet yet no no no amount amount amount of of of government government support support can can can convince convince Mr. Eira Eira that that that his his livelihood, livelihood, intractably intractably intractably entwined entwined entwined with with with the the the reindeer, reindeer, reindeer, is is is not not not about about about to to to change. change. change. Like Like Like a a Texas cattleman, he keeps the size of his herd secret. But he said warmer temperatures in in fall fall fall and and and spring spring spring were were were melting melting melting the the the top top top layers layers layers of of of snow, snow, snow, which which which then then then refreeze refreeze refreeze as as as ice, ice, making it harder for his reindeer to dig through to the lichen they eat. "The people who are making the decisions, they are living in the south and they are are living living living in in in towns," towns," towns," said said said Mr. Mr. Mr. Eira, Eira, Eira, sitting sitting sitting inside inside inside his his his home home home made made made of of of reindeer reindeer reindeer hides. hides. "They don't mark the change of weather. It is only people who live in nature and get resources from nature who mark it." A push to develop the North, quickened by the melting of the Arctic seas, carries its own rewards and dangers for people in the region. The discovery of vast petroleum fields in the Barents and Kara Seas has raised fears of catastrophic accidents as ships loaded with oil and, soon, liquefied gas churn through the fisheries off Scandinavia, headed to markets in Europe and North America. Land that was untouched could be tainted by pollution as generators, smokestacks and large vehicles sprout to support the growing energy industry. 第二部分第二部分 汉译英汉译英维护世界和平，促进共同发展，谋求合作共赢，是各国人民的共同愿望，也是不可抗拒的当今时代潮流。
人事部三级笔译
卡里·福勒是一家负责管理种子库的非营利性组织全球作物多样性托管会的总裁，他说：“我们是在‘9·11’事件之后、尤其是卡特里娜飓风之后，开始有这个构想的。” 他还说：“每个人都在问：为什么事先不作好迎接飓风的准备呢？我们明明知道会发生飓风的。”
8．“Well, we are losing biodiversity every day — it’s a kind of drip, drip, drip. It’s also inevitable. We need to do something about it.”
他指出：“喏，我们每天都在损失生物多样性——一点一滴地在损失。这种损失没有止步的迹象，我们必须为此做点什么。”
9．This week the urgency of the problem was underscored as wheat prices rose to record highs and wheat stores dropped to the lowest level in 35 years. A series of droughts and new diseases cut wheat production in many parts of the world. “The erosion of plants’ genetic resources is really going fast,” said Dr. Rony Swennen, head of the division of crop biotechnology at the Catholic University of Leuven in Belgium, who has preserved half of the world’s 1,200 banana types. “We’re at a critical moment and if we don’t act fast, we’re going to lose a lot of plants that we may need.”
2006年5月翻译资格英语高级口译实务真题及答案
2006年5月翻译资格英语高级口译实务真题及答案试卷一Part ADirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. After you have heard each paragraph, interpret it into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal…and stop it at thesignal… You may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages only once. Now let’s begin Part A with the first passage.Passage 1:Some people say that the United States is “a melting pot”. In my view, the melting pot myth is never true. The United States has always been a heterogeneous society with cohesion based partly on mutual respect and partly on one group’s values dominating all others. In a true multicultural society, individuals from diverse cultural backgrounds exist without socially enforced power differences. But that is not the case, at least, with the United States.In the United States, when you speak of upper, middle and lower classes you speak of power and control over material resources. Economic power in the United States today is largely held by youthful, able-bodied White males. Whites in the United States recognize the existence of a White culture. In terms of cross-cultural communication, the dominant White culture includes communication patterns of Standard English, direct eye contact, limited physical contact, and controlled emotions.(参考答案)有人说美国是熔炉，以我所见，有关熔炉之说从来就是一种虚构的神话。
2006年5月人力资源管理师三级真题
2006年5月人力资源管理师三级真题及答案一、职业道德基础理论与知识部分答题指导：◆该部分均为选择题•每题均有四个备选项，其中单项选择题只有一个选项是正确的，多项选择题有两个或两个以上选项是正确的。
◆请根据题意的内容和要求答题，并在答题卡上将所选答案的相应字母涂黑。
◆错选、少选、多选，则该题均不得分。
(一)单项选择题(第1～8题)1、关于道德，正确的说法是( )。
(A)道德在职业活动中不起作用(B)道德在公共生活中几乎不起作用(C)道德威力巨大，无坚不克(D)道德是调节社会关系的重要手段2、关于道德，正确的认识是( )。
(A)道德没有共同标准(B)道德是一种特殊的行为规范(C)道德即权力(D)道德即自由3、在传统道德中。
见利思义的意思是( )。
(A)见到利益时，要想到道义(B)舍生取义(C)义利不能兼顾(D)知恩图报4、人的本性是( )。
(A)善(B)自私(C)自然属性和社会属性的统一(D)追求财富5、职业道德的特征是( )。
(A)范围上的有限性(B)规范制定上的任意性(C)内容上的多变性(D)形式上的单一性6、在企业文化中，居于核心地位的是( )。
(A)文体活动(B)企业价值观(C)企业礼俗(D)员工服饰7、关于企业品牌，正确的认识是( )。
(A)品牌是依靠大规模广告宣传出来的(B)品牌是企业的一种无形资本(c)品牌形象树立起来以后，自然会长久维持(D)品牌的建立与员工个人不存在直接关系8、职业道德与员工技能的关系是( )。
(A)企业选人的标准通常是技能高于职业道德(B)没有职业道德的人，无论技能如何，无法充分发挥其自身价值(C)只要技能上去了。
就表明职业道德素质相应地提高了(D)职业道德注重的是员工的内在修养，而不包含职业技能(二)多项选择题(第9～16题)9、属于正确荣辱观范畴的是( )。
(A)以服务人民为荣，以背离人民为耻(B)以辛勤劳动为荣，以好逸恶劳为耻(C)以遵纪守法为荣，以违法乱纪为耻(D)以节衣缩食为荣，以浪费资源为耻10、在社会主义社会，文明生产的要求是( )。
CATTI三级笔译综合能力真题和答案及解析
CATTI三级笔译综合能力考试试题及答案解析(一)一、Vocabulary Selection（本大题15小题．每题分，共分。
In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are four words or phrases respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only one right answer. ）第1题Since writing home to their parents for money, they had lived________hope.A inB forC onD through【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：分【答案解析】固定搭配。
live in hope生活在希望中；live for为……而生活，盼望；live on 继续生活，以……为主食，靠……生活；live through度过，经受过；根据句意应填A。
第2题________get older, the games they play become increasingly complex.A ChildrenB Children, when theyC As childrenD For children to【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：分【答案解析】语法应用。
本句逗号前是状语从句，空白处应填连词；主句主语是the games，因此选项A、B、D均不对；只有as“随着”符合句意，所以C为答案。
第3题Martin has created enough memorable ________to make it easy to forgive his lows.A youngstersB noblesC highsD miserables【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：分【答案解析】固定搭配。
CATTI人事部翻译考试 三级笔译实务真题及答案2006.5
2006.5Section 1： English-Chinese Translation (50 points)Freed by warming, waters once locked beneath ice are gnawing at coastal settlements around the Arctic Circle.In Bykovsky, a village of 457 residents at the tip of a fin-shaped peninsula on Russia's northeast coast, the shoreline is collapsing, creeping closer and closer to houses and tanks of heating oil，at a rate of 15 to 18 feet, or 5 to 6 meters, a year. Eventually, homes will be lost as more ice melts each summer, and maybe all of Bykovsky, too.“It is practically all ice — permafrost — and it is thawing. ” The 4 million Russian people who live north of the Arctic Circle are feeling the effects of warming in many ways. A changing climate presents new opportunities, but it also threatens their environment, the stability of their homes, and，for those whose traditions rely on the ice-bound wilderness, the preservation of their culture.A push to develop the North, quickened by the melting of the Arctic seas, carries its own rewards and dangers for people in the region. Discovery of vast petroleum fields in the Barents and Kara Seas has raised fears of catastrophic accidents as ships loaded with oil or liquefied gas churn through the fisheries off Scandinavia, headed for the eager markets of Europe and North America. Land that was untouched could be tainted by air and water pollution as generators, smokestacks and large vehicles sprout to support the growing energy industry.Coastal erosion is a problem in Alaska as well, forcing the United States to prepare to relocate several Inuit coastal villages at a projected cost of US $ 100 million or more for each one.Across the Arctic, indigenous tribes with cultural traditions shaped by centuries of living in extremes of cold and ice are noticing changes in weather and wildlife. They are trying to adapt, but it can be confounding.In Finnmark, the northernmost province of Norway, the Arctic landscape unfolds in late winter as an endless snowy plateau, silent but for the cries of the reindeer and the occasional whine of a snowmobile herding them.A changing Arctic is felt there, too, though in another way. "The reindeer are becoming unhappy," said Issat Eira, a 31-year-old reindeer herder.Few countries rival Norway when it comes to protecting the environment and preserving indigenous customs. The state has lavished its oil wealth on the region, and as a result Sami culture has enjoyed something of a renaissance. And yet no amount of government support can convince Eira that his livelihood, intractably entwined with the reindeer, is not about to change. Like a Texas cattleman he keeps the size of his herd secret. But he said warmer temperatures in fall and spring are melting the top layers of snow，which then refreeze as ice, making it harder for his reindeer to dig through to the lichen they eat."The people who are making the decisions, they are living in the south and they are living in towns，”said Eira, sitting beside a birch fire inside his lavvu, a home made of reindeer hides. "They don't mark the change of weather. It is only people who live in nature and get resources from nature who mark it. ”Section 2： Chinese-English Translation (50 points)维护世界和平，促进共同发展，谋求合作共赢，是各国人民的共同愿望，也是不可抗拒的当今时代潮流。
三级笔译练习题
三级笔译练习题一、英译汉1. Translate the following sentences into Chinese:a) The rapid development of technology has greatly facilitated our daily lives.2. Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese:二、汉译英1. Translate the following sentences into English:a) 我国高度重视教育事业的发展。
b) 绿色出行，从我做起。
c) 全面深化改革，促进社会公平正义。
2. Translate the following paragraphs into English:a) 随着我国经济的持续增长，人民生活水平不断提高，消费需求也日益多样化。
为了满足人民群众的美好生活需要，我们要不断推进供给侧结构性改革。
b) 传统文化是一个国家的灵魂，我们要传承和弘扬中华民族优秀传统文化，为中华民族伟大复兴提供精神动力。
三、词汇翻译1. Translate the following terms into Chinese:a) globalizationc) artificial intelligenced) public welfaree) sustainable development2. Translate the following terms into English:a) 一带一路b) 新能源汽车c) 5G网络d) 知识产权e) 低碳经济四、篇章翻译1. Translate the following article into Chinese:(English article excerpt)2. Translate the following article into English:(Chinese article excerpt)五、翻译技巧练习1. Translate the following sentences using appropriate translation techniques:a) He is as brave as a lion.2. Translate the following sentences using the method of literal translation:a) 眼见为实。
2006年全国硕士研究生考试英语真题及答案3
2006年全国硕士研究生考试英语真题及答案3Text 3When prehistoric man arrived in new parts of the world, something strange happened to the large animals. They suddenly became extinct. Smaller species survived. The large, slow-growing animals were easy game, and were quickly hunted to extinction. Now something similar could be happening in the oceans.That the seas are being overfished has been known for years. What researchers such as Ransom Myers and Boris Worm have shown is just how fast things are changing. They have looked at half a century of data from fisheries around the world. Their methods do not attempt to estimate the actual biomass (the amount of living biological matter) of fish species in particular parts of the ocean, but rather changes in that biomass over time. According to their latest paper published in Nature, the biomass of large predators (animals that kill and eat other animals) in a new fishery is reduced on average by 80% within 15 years of the start of exploitation. In some long-fished areas, it has halved again since then.Dr. Worm acknowledges that the figures are conservative. Onereason for this is that fishing technology has improved. Today’s vessels can find their prey usin g satellites and sonar, which were not available 50 years ago. That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes. In the early days, too, longlines would have been more saturated with fish. Some individuals would therefore not have been caught, since no baited hooks would have been available to trap them, leading to an underestimate of fish stocks in the past. Furthermore, in the early days of longline fishing, a lot of fish were lost to sharks after they had been hooked. That is no longer a problem, because there are fewer sharks around now.Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm argue that their work gives a correct baseline, which future management efforts must take into account. They believe the data support an idea current among marine biologists, that of the “shifting baseline.” The notion is that people have failed to detect the massive changes which have happened in the ocean because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past. That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield that can be cropped from a fishery comes when the biomass of a targetspecies is about 50% of its original levels. Most fisheries are well below that, which is a bad way to do business.31. The extinction of large prehistoric animals is noted to suggest that ________.[A] large animal were vulnerable to the changing environment[B] small species survived as large animals disappeared[C] large sea animals may face the same threat today[D] slow-growing fish outlive fast-growing ones32. We can infer from Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm’s paper that ________.[A] the stock of large predators in some old fisheries has reduced by 90%[B] there are only half as many fisheries as there were 15 years ago[C] the catch sizes in new fisheries are only 20% of the original amount[D] the number of larger predators dropped faster in new fisheries than in the old33. By saying these figures are conservative (Line 1, paragraph3), Dr. Worm means that ________.[A] fishing technology has improved rapidly[B] then catch-sizes are actually smaller then recorded[C] the marine biomass has suffered a greater loss[D] the data collected so far are out of date34. Dr. Myers and other researchers hold that ________.[A] people should look for a baseline that can’t work for a longer time[B] fisheries should keep the yield below 50% of the biomass[C] the ocean biomass should restored its original level[D] people should adjust the fishing baseline to changing situation35. The author seems to be mainly concerned with most fisheries’ ________.[A] management efficiency[B] biomass level[C] catch-size limits[D] technological applicationText 4Many things make people think artists are weird and the weirdest may be this: artists’ only job is to explore emotions, and yet they choose to focus on the ones that feel bad.This wasn’t always so. The earliest forms of art, like painting and music, are those best suited for expressing joy. But somewhere in the 19th century, more artists began seeinghappiness as insipid, phony or, worst of all, boring as we went from Wordsworth’s daffodils to Baudelaire’s flowers of evil. You could argue that art became more skeptical of happiness because modern times have seen such misery. But it’s not as if earlier times didn’t know perpetual war, disaster and the massacre of innocents. The reason, in fact, may be just the opposite: there is too much damn happiness in the world today. After all, what is the one modern form of expression almost completely dedicated to depicting happiness? Advertising. The rise of anti-happy art almost exactly tracks the emergence of mass media, and with it, a commercial culture in which happiness is not just an ideal but an ideology.People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery. They worked until exhausted, lived with few protections and died young. In the West, before mass communication and literacy, the most powerful mass medium was the church, which reminded worshippers that their souls were in peril and that they would someday be meat for worms. Given all this, they did not exactly need their art to be a bummer too.Today the messages the average Westerner is surrounded with are not religious but commercial, and forever happy. Fast-food eaters, news anchors, text messengers, all smiling, smiling,smiling. Our magazines feature beaming celebrities and happy families in perfect homes. And since these messages have an agenda -- to lure us to open our wallets -- they make the very idea of happiness seem unreliable. “Celebrate!” commanded the ads for the arthritis drug Celebrex, before we found out it could increase the risk of heart attacks.But what we forget -- what our economy depends on us forgetting -- is that happiness is more than pleasure without pain. The things that bring the greatest joy carry the greatest potential for loss and disappointment. Today, surrounded by promises of easy happiness, we need someone to tell us as religion once did, Memento mori: remember that you will die, that everything ends, and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it. It’s a message even more bitter than a clove cigarette, yet, somehow, a breath of fresh air.36. By citing the example of poets Wordsworth and Baudelaire, the author intends to show that ________.[A] poetry is not as expressive of joy as painting or music[B] art grow out of both positive and negative feeling[C] poets today are less skeptical of happiness[D] artists have changed their focus of interest37. The word “bummer” (Line 5. paragraph 5) most probablymeans something ________.[A] religious[B] unpleasant[C] entertaining[D] commercial38. In the author’s opinion, advertising ________.[A] emerges in the wake of the anti-happy part[B] is a cause of disappointment for the general public[C] replace the church as a major source of information[D] creates an illusion of happiness rather than happiness itself39. We can learn from the last paragraph that the author believes ________.[A] happiness more often than not ends in sadness[B] the anti-happy art is distasteful but refreshing[C] misery should be enjoyed rather than denied[D] the anti-happy art flourishes when economy booms40. Which of the following is true of the text?[A] Religion once functioned as a reminder of misery.[B] Art provides a balance between expectation and reality.[C] People feel disappointed at the realities of morality.[D] Mass media are inclined to cover disasters and deaths.。
2006年5、11月 翻译资格考试二级笔译真题
2006 年5 月翻译资格考试二级笔译真题第一部分英译汉必译题For all the natural and man-made disasters of the past year, travelers seem more determined than ever to leave home.Never mind the tsunami devastation in Asia last December, the recent earthquake in Kashmir or the suicide bombings this year in London and Bali, among other places on or off the tourist trail. The number of leisure travelers visiting tourist destinations hit by trouble has in some cases bounced back to a level higher than before disaster struck."This new fast recovery of tourism we are observing is kind of strange," said John Koldowski, director for the Strategic Intelligence Center of the Bangkok-based Pacific Asia Travel Association. "It makes you think about the adage that any publicity is good publicity."It is still too soon to compile year-on-year statistics for the disasters of the past 12 months, but travel industry experts say that the broad trends are already clear. Leisure travel isexpected to increase by nearly 5 percent this year, according to the World Tourism and Travel Council.Tourism and travel now seem to bounce back faster and higher each time there is an event of this sort," said Ufi Ibrahim, vice president of the London-based World Tourism and Travel Council. For London, where suicide bombers killed 56 and wounded 700 on July 8, she said, "It was almost as if people who stayed away after the bomb attack then decided to come back twice."Early indicators show that the same holds true for other disaster-struck destinations. Statistics compiled by the Pacific Asia Travel Association, for example, show that monthly visitor arrivals in Sri Lanka, where the Dec. 26, 2004, tsunami left more than 30,000 people dead or missing, were higher than one year earlier for every month from March through August of this year.A case commonly cited by travel professionals as an early example of the trend is Bali, where 202 people were killed in bombings targeting Western tourists in October 2002. Visitor arrivals plunged to 993,000 for the year after the bombing, but bounced back to 1.46 million in 2004, a level higher than the two years before the bomb, according to the Pacific Asia Travel Association.Even among Australians, who suffered the worst casualties in the Bali bombings, the number of Bali-bound visitors bounced back within two years to the highest level since 1998, according the Pacific Asia Travel Association.Bali was hit again this year by suicide bombers who killed 19 people in explosions at three restaurants.Visits are also on the upswing to post-tsunami Thailand, where the giant waves killed 5,400 and left more than 5,000 missing.Although the tsunami killed more than 500 Swedes on the Thai resort island of Phuket, the largest number of any foreign nationality to die, Swedes are returning to the island in larger numbers than last year,according to My Travel Sweden, a Stockholm-based group that sends600,000 tourists overseas annually and claims a 28 percent market share for Sweden."We were confident that Thailand would eventually bounce back as a destination, but we didn"t think that this year it would come back even stronger than last year," said Joakim Eriksson, director of communication for My Travel Sweden. "We were very surprised because we really expected a significant decline."Eriksson said My Travel now expects a 5 percent increase in visitors to both Thailand and Sri Lanka this season compared with the same season last year. This behavior is a sharp change from the patterns of the 1990s, Eriksson said."During the first Gulf war we saw a sharp drop in travel as a whole, and the same after Sept. 11," Eriksson said. "Now the main impact of terrorism or disasters is a change in destination."韩老师参考译文：尽管过去的一年天灾人祸不断，但这丝毫没有影响人们出游的兴致，出游意愿空前高涨。
2006年5月阿拉伯语三级笔译实务真题
2006年5月阿拉伯语三级笔译实务真题一、阿译汉(总题数：1，分数：50.00)1.（分数：50.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(埃及是一个资源丰富而充满自信的国家。
在其成为吸引投资的国家、其金融机构已具备适应现代经济的灵活性、其市场稳定并兼有透明度之后，占正致力于同世界上所有的经济力力量和集团建立“均衡的伙伴关系”。
为了巩固经济地位和实力，埃及积极与国际和地区性的经济联合体进行合作。
她于1998年1月1日着手建立阿拉伯大自由贸易区，旨在于2007年到来之际建阿拉伯自由贸易区，为建立阿拉伯共同市场迈出的主要一步。
此外，埃及于1998年7月加入了东南非洲共同市场——库米萨，埃及的加入使其成为充满希望的经济联合体。
埃及于2001年1月26日和欧盟草签了伙伴关系协议，这使她获得了一系列优惠，首要是促进了对外出口，确立了其在全球竞争市场的存在。
此外，埃及享有1992年11月25日成立的黑海国家经济合作组织观察员身份，1999年3月埃及获得了印度洋联合体的“对话伙伴”身份，这使它获得成员国与伙伴国家之间贸易的优惠待遇，能够与备成员国发展投资和贸易。
2001年2月12日，埃及加入了拥有15个非洲国家的海岸和沙漠国家联合体，旨在实现经济互补，建立非洲经济集团。
)二、汉译阿(总题数：1，分数：50.00)2.人类大规模开发自然，加剧了生态系统的失衡。
近三百年来，人类科学技术对自然环境的干预和影响是前所未有的，一方面是人类科技的进步，另一方面却是对自然的伤害。
作为整体的自然环境正向全世界呼喊：人类应该明白自己对自然生态所进行的过分的干预,正在成为人类未来灾难的根源。
联合国有关公报称，世界受灾人数增加的另一个原因是，越来越多的人居住在无序膨胀的城市，尤其是最易遭受洪水、地震、滑城等灾害的贫民窟里。
全国翻译资格考试三级笔译实务历年真题汉译英分级译文解码(简化版)
《全国翻译资格考试三级英语笔译实务历年真题汉译英分级译文解码》日前由翻译学院英语翻译教材研发中心编撰完成。
全国翻译资格考试英语三级笔译是从2003年11月开始在全国范围内启动的一项国家级考试，也是目前我国外语类考试中最顶尖的一项。
翻译学院自此项考试首次开考，就承接了相应的备考培训工作，也被国家人事部外文局指定为应考培训单位；到今年为止学院已经积累了近9年的培训经验。
本次编撰的《译文解码》一书，对2005年5月至2012年5月共15 套真题的汉译英部分进行了全面系统的分级整理（从2003年11月至2004年11月的试题，其命题难度把握欠妥，因此未列入分析范围），将试题中的段落截成一个个完整的句子，然后将语句进行分级处理，最终按照“基础考点”，“中等考点”和“难度考点”三个级别为考生编写出这个手册；它可以帮助考生对考试难度有一个清晰明确的认识，然后考生可以根据考委会的命题思路结合自身翻译的实际水平应对考试。
以下列举本书中部分翻译经典例句，供广大翻译爱好者参考《全国翻译资格考试三级笔译实务历年真题汉译英分级译文解码》前言全国翻译资格考试英语三级笔译是从2003年11月开始在全国范围内启动的一项考试，是目前我国外语类考试中最顶尖的一项考试。
由于该考试启动初期，考委会对考生的翻译水平估计不足，从2003年11月至2004年11月进行的三次三级笔译实务考试的命题难度把握欠妥。
因此，我们在整理历年真题时将这三次的试题没有列在我们的试题分析范围内。
我们从2005年5月至2012年5月共15套真题的汉译英部分进行了全面系统的分级整理，将试题中的段落截成一个个完整的语句，然后将句子进行分级处理，最终按照“基础考点”，“中等考点”和“难度考点”三个级别为考生编写出这个手册--《全国翻译资格考试三级笔译实务历年真题汉译英分级译文解码》。
这个手册可以使考生对考试的难度有一个比较清晰明确的认识。
这样，我们的考生就可以根据考委会命题的思路与难度的要求做到心中有数并根据自身翻译的实际水平应对考试。
翻译三级口译实务2006年5月
翻译三级口译实务2006年5月(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、{{B}}Part Ⅰ{{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.Interviewer: I am doing a survey on the reemployment of laid-off workers. Your story is a good example of making efforts to get yourself reemployed. Could you share some of your experience with us?王华：你也看到了，我和我丈夫在城里开了这家小快餐店，供应附近写字楼里两百多名职工的午饭。
不瞒您说，我们每个月能挣4,000块钱。
我自己觉得还可以，就算是个小小的成功吧。
Interviewer: Do you still remember the scene four years ago when you, together with your parents, your husband and your younger brother, were laid off from a local factory?王华：怎么会忘记呢?当初离开厂子时，我哭了很久，觉得天都塌下来了。
那时我和我丈夫还不到40岁，没了工作就等于断了生活来源，我们的儿子也没法上大学了。
不过，在就业中心和居委会的帮助下，我们很快重新站了起来。
Interviewer: I know, at first, you were selling ice-cream on the street, earning about 1,000 yuan a month, while your husband found a job taking care of a car park in a residential area, earning 800 yuan a month. What did you do with the money?王华：我们用攒的钱租了这间20平米的房子，改装成快餐店。
2006年5月翻译资格考试三级笔译真题
2006年5月翻译资格考试三级笔译真题第一部分英译汉Freed by warming, waters once locked beneath ice are gnawing at coastal settlements around the Arctic Circle.In Bykovsky, a village of 457 on Russia's northeast coast, the shoreline is collapsing, creeping closer and closer to houses and tanks of heating oil, at a rate of 15 to 18 feet a year."It is practically all ice - permafrost - and it is thawing." For the four million people who live north of the Arctic Circle, a changing climate presents new opportunities. But it also threatens their environment, their homes and, for those whose traditions rely on the ice-bound wilderness, the preservation of their culture.A push to develop the North, quickened by the melting of the Arctic seas, carries its own rewards and dangers for people in the region. The discovery of vast petroleum fields in the Barents and Kara Seas has raised fears of catastrophic accidents as ships loaded with oil and, soon, liquefied gas churn through the fisheries off Scandinavia, headed to markets in Europe and North America. Land that was untouched could be tainted by pollution as generators, smokestacks and large vehicles sprout to support the growing energy industry.Coastal erosion is a problem in Alaska as well, forcing the United States to prepare to relocate several Inuit villages at a projected cost of $100 million or more for each one.Across the Arctic, indigenous tribes with traditions shaped by centuries of living in extremes of cold and ice are noticing changes in weather and wildlife. They are trying to adapt, but it can be confounding.In Finnmark, Norway's northernmost province, the Arctic landscape unfolds in late winter as an endless snowy plateau, silent but for the cries of the reindeer and the occasional whine of a snowmobile herding them.A changing Arctic is felt there, too. "The reindeer are becoming unhappy," said Issat Eira, a 31-year-old reindeer herder.Few countries rival Norway when it comes to protecting the environment and preserving indigenous customs. The state has lavished its oil wealth on the region, and Sami culture has enjoyed something of a renaissance.And yet no amount of government support can convince Mr. Eira that his livelihood, intractably entwined with the reindeer, is not about to change. Like a Texas cattleman, he keeps the size of his herd secret. But he said warmer temperatures in fall and spring were melting the top layers of snow, which then refreeze as ice, making it harder for his reindeer to dig through to the lichen they eat."The people who are making the decisions, they are living in the south and they are living in towns," said Mr. Eira, sitting inside his home made of reindeer hides. "They don't mark the change of weather. It is only people who live in nature and get resources from nature who mark it."A push to develop the North, quickened by the melting of the Arctic seas, carries its own rewards and dangers for people in the region. The discovery of vast petroleum fields in the Barents and Kara Seas has raised fears of catastrophic accidents as ships loaded with oil and, soon, liquefied gas churn through the fisheries off Scandinavia, headed to markets in Europe and North America. Land that was untouched could be tainted by pollution as generators, smokestacks and large vehicles sprout to support the growing energy industry.第二部分：汉译英维护世界和平，促进共同发展，谋求合作共赢，是各国人民的共同愿望，也是不可抗拒的当今时代潮流。
5月CATTI三级笔译实务真题
5月CATTI三级笔译实务真题The Money Ran Out; Then the Villagers Stepped InHIGUERA DE LA SERENA, Spain —It didn’t take long for Manuel García Murillo, a bricklayer who took over as mayor here last June, to realize that his town was in trouble. It was 800,000 euros, a little more than $1 million, in the red. There was no cash on hand to pay for anything — and there was work that needed to be done.But then an amazing thing happened, he said. Just as the health department was about to close down the day care center because itdidn’t have a proper kitchen, Bernardo Benítez, a construction worker, offered to put up the walls and the tiles free. Then, Maria José Carmona, an adult education teacher, stepped in to clean the place up.And somehow, the volunteers just kept coming. Every Sunday now, the residents of this town in southwest Spain — young and old — dowhat needs to be done, whether it is cleaning the streets, raking the leaves, unclogging culverts or planting trees in the park.“It was an initiative from them,” said Mr. García. “Day today we talked to people and we told them there was no money. Of course, they could see it. The grass in between the sidewalks was up to my thigh. “Higuera de la Serena is in many ways a microcosm of Spain’s troubles. Jus t as Spain’s national and regional governments are struggling with the collapse of the construction industry, overspending on huge capital projects and a pileup of unpaid bills, the same problems afflict many of its small towns.But what has brought Higuera de la Serena a measure of fame in Spain is that the residents have stepped up where their government has failed. Mr. García says his phone rings regularly from other townofficials who want to know how to do the same thing. He is serving without pay, a s are the town’s two other elected officials. They are also forgoing the cars and phones that usually come with the job.“We lived beyond our means,” Mr. García said. “We invested in public works that weren’t sensible. We are in technical bankruptcy.” Even some money from the European Union that was supposed to be used forroutine operating expenses and last until 2013 has already been spent, he said.Higuera de la Serena, a cluster of about 900 houses surrounded by farmland, and traditionally dependent on pig farming and olives, got swept up in the giddy days of the construction boom. It built a cultural center and invested in a small nursing home. But the projects were plagued by delays and cost overruns.The cultural center still has no bathrooms. The nursing home, a whitewashed building sits on the edge of town, still unopened. Together, they account for some $470,000 of debt owed to the bank. But the rest of the debt is mostly the unpaid bills of a town that was not keeping up with its expenses. It owes for medical supplies, for diesel fuel, for road repair, for electrical work, for musicians who played during holidays.Higuera de la Serena is not completely without workers. It still has a half-time librarian, two half-time street cleaners, someone part-time for the sports complex, a secretary and an administrator, all of whom are paid through various financing streams apart from the town. But the town once had a work force twice the size. And when someone is ill, volunteers have to step in or the gym and sports complex — open four hours a day — must close.Section2: Chinese-English Translation (汉译英)(50 points)10年来，中国经济持续快速发展，经济实力、综合国力、人民生活水平迈上新的台阶，国家面貌发生举世瞩目的历史性变化，为促进亚洲和世界经济增长作出了重要贡献。
05月CATTI三级笔译实务真题英译汉部分附答案
2008年5月全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试三级笔译实务Section 1 English-Chinese Translation (英译汉)Translate the following passage into Chinese. The time for this section is 180 minutes. Europe Pushes to Get Fuel From FieldsARDEA, Italy — The previous growing season, this lush coastal field near Rome was filled with rows of delicate durum wheat, used to make high-quality pasta. Today it overflows with rapeseed, a tall, gnarled weedlike plant bursting with coarse yellow flowers that has become a new manna for European farmers: rapeseed can be turned into biofuel.Motivated by generous subsidies to develop alternative energy sources — and a measure of concern about the future of the planet —Europe’s farmers are beginning to grow crops that can be turned into fuels meant to produce fewer emissions than gas or oil. They are chasing their counterparts in the Americas who have been raising crops for biofuel for more than five years.“This is a much-needed boost to our economy, our farms,” said Marcello Pini, 50, a farmer, standing in front of the rapeseed he planted for the first time. “Of course, we h ope it helps the environment, too.”In March, the European Commission, disappointed by the slow growth of the biofuels industry, approved a directive that included a “binding target” requiring member countries to use 10 percent biofuel for transport by 2020 — the most ambitious and specific goal in the world.Most European countries are far from achieving the target, and are introducing incentives and subsidies to bolster production.As a result, bioenergy crops have replaced food as the most profitable crop in several European countries. In this part of Italy, for example, the government guarantees the purchase of biofuel crops at 22 Euros for 100 kilograms, or $13.42 for 100 pounds — nearly twice the 11 to 12 Euros for 100 kilograms of wheat on the open market in 2006. Better still, farmers can plant biofuel crops on “set aside” fields, land that Europe’s agriculture policy would otherwise require be left fallow.But an expert panel convened by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization pointed out that the biofuels boom produces benefits as well as trade-offs and risks — including higher and wildly fluctuating food prices. In some markets, grain prices have nearly doubled.“At a time when agricultural prices are low, in comes biofuel and improves the lot of farmers and injects life into rural areas,” said Gustavo Best, an expert at the Food and Agriculture Organization in Rome. “But as the scale grows and the demand for biofuel crops seems to be infinite, we’re seeing some negative effects and we need to hold up a yellow light.”Josette Sheeran, the new head of the United Nations World Food program, which fed nearly 90 million people in 2006, said that biofuels created new problems. “An i ncrease in grain prices impacts us because we are a major procurer of grain for food,” she said. “So biofuels are both a challenge and an opportunity.”In Europe, the rapid conversion of fields that once grew wheat or barley to biofuel crops like rapeseed is already leading to shortages of the ingredients for making pasta and brewing beer, suppliers say. That could translate into higher prices in supermarkets.“New and increasing demand for bi oenergy production has put high pressure on the whole world grain market,” said Claudia Conti, a spokesman for Barilla, one of the largest Italian pasta makers.“Not only German beer producers, but Mexican tortilla makers have see the cost of their main ra w material growing quickly to historical highs.”Some experts are more worried about the potential impact to low-income consumers. In the developing world, the shift to more lucrative biofuel crops destined for richer countries could create serious hunger and damage the environment if wild land is converted to biofuel cultivation, the agriculture panel concluded.But officials at the European Commission say they are pursuing a measured course that will prevent some of the price and supply problems seen in American markets.In a recent speech, Mariann Fischer Boel, the European agriculture and rural development commissioner, said that the 10 percent target was “not a shot in the dark,” but was carefully chosen to encourage a level of growth for the biofuel industry that would not produce undue hardship for Europe’s poor.She calculated that this approach would push up would raw material prices for cereal by 3 percent to 6 percent by 2020, while prices for oilseed might rise 5 percent to 18 percent. But food prices on the shelves would barely change, she said.Yet even as the European program begins to harvest biofuels in greater volume, homegrown production is still far short of what is needed to reach the 10 percent goal: Europe’s farmers produced an estimated 2.9 billion liters, or 768 million gallons, of biofuel in 2004, far shy of the 3.4 billion gallons generated in the United States in the period. In 2005, biofuel accounted for around 1 percent of Europe’s fuel, according to European statistics, with almos t all of that in Germany and Sweden. The biofuel share in Italy was 0.51 percent, and in Britain, 0.18 percent.That could pose a threat to European markets as foreign producers like Brazil or developing countries like Indonesia and Malaysia try to ship their biofuels to markets where demand, subsidies and tax breaks are the greatest.Ms. Fischer Boel recently acknowledged that Europe would have to import at least a third of what it would need to reach its 10 percent biofuels target. Politicians fear that could hamper development of a local industry, while perversely generating tons of new emissions as “green” fuel is shipped thousands of kilometers across the Atlantic, instead of coming from the farm next door.Such imports could make biofuel far less green in other ways as well — for example if Southeast Asian rainforest is destroyed for cropland.Brazil, a country with a perfect climate for sugar cane and vast amounts of land, started with subsidies years ago to encourage the farming of sugarcane for biofu els, partly to take up “excess capacity” in its flagging agricultural sector.The auto industry jumped in, too. In 2003, Brazilian automakers started producing flex-fuel cars that could run on biofuels, including locally produced ethanol. Today, 70 percent of new cars in the country are flex-fuel models, and Brazil is one of the largest growers of cane for ethanol.Analysts are unsure if the Brazilian achievement can be replicated in Europe — or anywhere else. Sugar takes far less energy to convert to biofuel than almost any product.Yet after a series of alarming reports on climate change, the political urgency to move faster is clearly growing.With an armload of incentives, the Italian government hopes that 70,000 hectares, or 173,000 acres, of land will be planted with biofuel crops in 2007, and 240,000 hectares in 2010, up from zero in 2006.Mr. Pini, the farmer, has converted about 25 percent of his land, or 18 hectares, including his “set aside” land, to Europe’s fastest-growing biofuel crop, rapeseed. He still has 50 hectares in grain and 7 in olives.He has discovered other advantages as well. In Italy’s finicky food culture, food crops haveto look good and be high quality to sell— a drought or undue heat can mean an off year. Crops for fuel, in contrast, can be ugly or stunted.“You need fewer seeds and it’s much easier to grow,” he said.英译汉参考答案欧洲竞相从农田获取燃料阿尔代亚，意大利——上个生长季节，罗马近郊植物葱茏的靠海农田，遍布成排的纤细的硬质小麦，过去用于制作高品质意粉。
[整理]2006年5月11月职业秘书三级考试真题及答案
![[整理]2006年5月11月职业秘书三级考试真题及答案](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/1813b46176c66137ef06194b.png)
2006年11月职业：秘书等级：国家职业资格三级卷册一：职业道德理论知识注意事项：1、考生应首先将自己的姓名、准考证号等用钢笔、圆珠笔等写在试卷册和答题卡的相应位置上，并用铅笔填涂答题卡上的相应位置处。
2、考生同时应将本页右上角的科目代码填涂在答题卡右上角的相应位置处。
3、本试卷册包括职业道德和理论知识两部分：第一部分，1～25小题，为职业道德试题；第二部分，26～125小题，为理论知识试题。
4、每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案。
所有答案均不得答在试卷上。
5、考试结束时，考生务必将本卷册和答题卡一并交给监考人员。
6、考生应按要求在答题卡上作答。
如果不按标准要求进行填涂，则均属作答无效。
地区：姓名：准考证号：第一部分职业道德（第1～25题，共25道题）一、职业道德基础理论与知识部分（第1～16题）答题指导：◆该部分均为选择题，每题均有四个备选项，其中单项选择题只有一个选项是正确的，多项选择题有两个或两个以上选项是正确的。
◆请根据题意的内容和要求答题，并在答题卡上将所选答案的相应字母涂黑。
◆错选、少选、多选，则该题均不得分。
（一）单项选择题（第1～8题）1、职业道德是（）A．从业人员的特定行为规范B．企业上司的指导性要求C．从业人员的自我约束D．职业纪律方面的最低要求2、关于道德与法律的关系，正确的是（）A．在内容上没有交叉B．在最终目的的指导性要求C．在实践上是相互支撑的D．在适用范围上完全一致3、道德中所谓“应该”的意思是（）A．基于社会利益，按照自己的想法行事B．考虑自己的利益需求，按照自己的想法行事C．根据实际情况，不断对办事方式做出调整D．从人际关系出发，凡是合乎人情的，就是应该的4、“科学技术是第一生产力”。
这句话的意思是（）A．除了科学技术，其他事物不属于生产力的范畴B．不掌握先进的科学技术，就相当于丧失了生产力D．科学技术对生产和经营管理具有极端重要性5、关于企业规章制度，理解正确的是（）。
2006年11月至2010年5月人力资源管理师3级考试真题答案解析
2006年11月助理人力资源管理师（三级）考试试卷-技能答案26—30 BBAD 31—35 ACBDB 36—40 BADC 41—45CCBDA 46—50 CDDBD 51—55 ACCAC 56—60 BACDD 61—63 64—65 DA 66—70ACCBC 71—75 ACCCC 76—80 BDAAB 81—85 CDDDC 86 ABCDE 87 BCDE 88 ABCDE 89 ABDE 90 ACD 91 ABD 92 BCE 93 ABCDE 94 ABD 95 ABC 96 AC 97 ADE 98 ADE 99 BDE 100ACDE 101ABDE 102 CDE0103 ABCDE 104 ABCDE 105 BCDE 106 ABDE 107 BCE 108 BD 109 ACDE 110 BC 111 AE 112 113 114 DE 115 ABDE 116 BDE 117 BD 118 ABD 119BCDE 120 ABDE 121 ABCD 122 ABCDE 123 BCE 124 CD 125 ABCDE一、简答题(本题共2题，每小题10分，共20分1、评分标准：(1)定义： (4分)关键事件法是指在某些工作领域内，员工在完成工作任务过程中有效和无效的工作行为导致成功或失败不同的结果。
这些有效或无效的工作行为被称为“关键事件”，考评者要记录和观察这些关键事件，因为它们通常描述了员工的工作行为以及工作行为发生的具体情境，这样在评定一个员工的工作行为时，就可以利用关键事件作为衡量的尺度。
(2)关键事件法的优缺点：优点：①关键事件对事不对人，让事实说话。
(1分)②考评者不仅注重对行为本身的评价，还要考虑行为的情景。
(1分)缺点：①关键事件的记录和观察费时费力。
(1分)②只能作定性分析，不能作定量分析。
(1分)③不能区分员工工作行为的重要性程度。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
2006年5月人事部三级笔译真题第一部分英译汉471 （比新大纲要求的要少）第一遍译文：在北极圈，由于气候变暖，冰层下的水正在融化，这困扰着沿岸的居民。
在俄罗斯北部海岸，有个叫贝科夫斯基的村子，其共有村民457人。
这里的海岸线正在塌陷，以每年15-18英尺的速度慢慢逼近民宅和燃料桶。
所有的冰和冻土都是有实际作用的。
现在他们却在融化。
对于居住在北极圈北部的居民来说，虽然气候变化是个新的契机，但同时也在威胁着他们的生存环境，家庭，以及那些依存于冰上荒原生活产生的传统文化。
随着北极圈不断融化，人们加快了对北极圈的开发。
这对于生活在这一区域的居民来说是利弊共存的。
在巴伦支海和喀拉海发现了油田。
这让人们对可能发生的灾难性事故产生了恐慌。
因为，很快，满载着石油，液化气罐的货轮将穿过斯堪的纳维亚的捕鱼区，前往欧洲和北美的销售市场。
那些尚未开发的土地，也可能会被发电机，烟囱，大型交通工具散发出来的废物所污染。
而这些都是都是用来发展能源产业的。
在阿拉斯加，海岸侵蚀也成为了一个大问题，美国政府不得不重新安置几个纽因特人的村落，这个项目为每个村落的花费高达一亿美元甚至更多。
在整个北极地带，生存着许多原始部落，他们的文化形成于几个世纪以来的极端寒冷环境下的冰上生活。
他们已经注意到了气候和野生生物都发生了变化。
这些居民们正在适应这些变化，但是这个过程很让人沮丧。
在挪威北部的纽马克省，深冬时节，北极的美景在这里一览无遗。
无尽的高原，白雪皑皑，寂静无声，但能听到驯鹿的叫声，以及偶尔传来的雪地车的声音，这些车是放牧用的。
然而北极的变化在这里也有所体现，31岁的牧民伊萨特艾勒说：“驯鹿变得越来越不安了。
”挪威将进行环境和文化保护，少有国家能与之竞争。
这一区域的石油大量开采，萨米文化得到复兴。
艾勒的生计是与驯鹿密切相关的，但政府不能提供任何帮助来保持艾勒的生活不变。
像德克萨斯的一位牧场主一样，艾勒偷偷的保有一定数量的鹿群。
但他说秋天气候温暖，泉水将最上层的雪融化，这些雪水会再次结冰，这使得驯鹿很难挖开冰层找到他们吃的地衣。
“做决定的这些人都是住在南部和城市”艾勒坐在鹿皮搭建的房子里说：“他们感受不到气候的变化。
只有那些生活在自然界，从自然界中得到资源的人才能意识到气候的变化。
”第二遍译文：在北极圈，由于气候变暖，冰层下的一些海域正在融化，这困扰着沿岸的居民。
在俄罗斯北部海岸的贝科夫斯基村共有村民457人。
这里的海岸线正在塌陷，以每年15-18英尺的速度慢慢逼近民宅和燃料桶。
所有的冰和冻土都是有实际作用的。
现在他们却在融化。
对于居住在北极圈北部的居民来说，虽然气候变化是个新的契机，但同时也在威胁着他们的生存环境，家庭，以及对依存于野外冰上生活而产生的习俗的保护随着北冰洋不断融化，人们加快了对北极圈的开发。
这对于生活在这一区域的居民来说是利弊共存的。
在巴伦支海和喀拉海发现了油田。
这让人们对可能发生的灾难性事故产生了恐慌。
因为，在那不久，满载着石油，液化气罐的货轮将穿过斯堪的纳维亚的捕鱼区，前往欧洲和北美的销售市场。
为了支持能源业的发展，发电站，烟囱，大型交通工具都会大量涌现，那些尚未被开采的土地也会因此受到污染。
在阿拉斯加，海岸侵蚀也成为了一个大问题，美国政府不得不准备重新安置几个纽因特人的村落，这个项目为每个村落的花费高达一亿美元甚至更多。
在整个北极地带，生存着许多原始部落，他们的文化形成于几个世纪以来在极端寒冷环境下的冰上生活。
他们已经注意到了气候和野生生物都发生了变化。
这些居民们正在适应这些变化，但是这个过程很让人惊讶的。
在挪威最北部的纽马克省，深冬时节，北极的美景在这里一览无遗。
无尽的高原，白雪皑皑，寂静无声，但能听到驯鹿的叫声，以及偶尔传来用于聚拢驯鹿的雪地车声。
然而北极的变化在这里也有所体现，31岁的牧民伊萨特艾勒说：“驯鹿变得越来越不安了。
”挪威将进行环境和文化保护，少有国家能与之竞争。
政府将大量的石油财富给了这个地区，并且萨米文化得到复兴。
艾勒的生计是与驯鹿密切相关的，但政府不能提供任何证据使艾勒相信他的生活不会改变。
像德克萨斯的一位牧场主一样，艾勒偷偷的保有一定数量的鹿群。
但他说秋天气候温暖，泉水将最上层的雪融化，这些雪水会再次结冰，这使得驯鹿很难挖开冰层找到他们吃的地衣。
“做决定的这些人都是住在南部和城市”艾勒坐在鹿皮搭建的房子里说：“他们感受不到气候的变化。
只有那些生活在自然界，从自然界中得到资源的人才能意识到气候的变化。
”自我分析：一．原文：Freed by warming, waters once locked beneath ice are gnawing at coastal settlements around the Arctic Circle.译文：在北极圈，由于气候变暖，冰层下的一些海域正在融化，困扰着沿岸的居民。
分析1. Freed by warming,这个不知道怎么翻译好，分词作状语，我觉得是原因状语2.Because waters free by warming, waters …….3.Water 的复数指海域waters [plural] a large area of water, especially an ocean that is near or belongs to a particular country:The coastal waters of AlaskaKorean/Mexican/Pacific etc watersThe ship drifted into Turkish territorial waters.a species found in inland waters (=not the sea, but rivers, lakes etc)4. gnawing：[only before noun]worrying or painful, especially for a long time:gnawing doubts ……………………………………………………………………………………………..二：原文：In Bykovsky, a village of 457 on Russia's northeast coast, the shoreline is collapsing, creeping closer and closer to houses and tanks of heating oil, at a rate of 15 to 18 feet a year.译文：在俄罗斯北部海岸的贝科夫斯基村共有村民457人。
这里的海岸线正在塌陷，以每年15-18英尺的速度慢慢逼近民宅和燃料桶。
分析：1. Bykovsky 贝科夫斯基网上查的是个名字2. tanks of heating oil翻译成燃料桶很别扭………………………………………………………………………………..三：原文："It is practically all ice - permafrost - and it is thawing." For the four million people who live north of the Arctic Circle, a changing climate presents new opportunities. But it also threatens their environment, their homes and, for those whose traditions rely on the ice-bound wilderness, the preservation of their culture.译文：“所有的冰和冻土都是有实际作用的。
现在他们却在融化。
”对于居住在北极圈北部的居民来说，虽然气候变化是个新的契机，但同时也在威胁着他们的生存环境，家庭，以及依存于冰上荒原生活产生的传统文化的人们去保护他们的文化。
（以及对依存于野外冰上生活而产生的习俗的保护）这里好像怎么说都有点拗口分析：1. Permafrost 冻土2. - permafrost –加了标点，有点迷茫，这里是同位语呢，还是什么。
我觉得冰不是冻土吧。
但是要是并列意思也不用加标点吧3. Thawingif ice or snow thaws, or if the sun thaws it, it turns into water4. for those whose traditions rely on the ice-bound wilderness, the preservation of their culture. Those 后面是定语，定语不是太长，应该前置这个句子，前面and后面应该是the preservation of their culture.文化保护也受到了威胁。
And后面的句子是不是这样理解的And the preservation of their culture for those whose traditions rely on the ice-bound wilderness. 但同时也在威胁着他们的生存环境，家庭以及文化保护。
这些文化产生于野外的冰上生活。
5. ice-bound wilderness.这个不知道怎么翻译好………………………………………………………………………………….四：原文：A push to develop the North, quickened by the melting of the Arctic seas, carries its own rewards and dangers for people in the region. The discovery of vast petroleum fields in the Barents and Kara Seas has raised fears of catastrophic accidents as ships loaded with oil and, soon, liquefied gas churn through the fisheries off Scandinavia, headed to markets in Europe and North America. Land that was untouched could be tainted by pollution as generators, smokestacks and large vehicles sprout to support the growing energy industry.译文：随着北冰洋不断融化，人们加快了对北极圈的开发。