英语现在完成时用法总结含答案解析百度文库
【英语】英语现在完成时解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)含解析
【英语】英语现在完成时解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)含解析一、初中英语现在完成时1．—Do you miss your parents far away?—Yes, very much. They the hometown for over two years.A. leftB. have leftC. were away fromD. have been away from【答案】 D【解析】【分析】根据句意“他们已经离家两年多了”可知用现在完成时，时间状语for over two years 表示时间段，动词要具有延续性，left是 leave的过去分词，是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用，故选D。
【点评】本题考查延续性动词和短暂性动词的转换。
2．—How do you like Beijing, Miss Read?—I've no idea. I _____ there.A. have goneB. have beenC. haven't beenD. haven't gone【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意：---你觉得北京怎么样，瑞得小姐？---我不知道，我没有去过那儿。
短语：have been to去过某地（已经返回）；have gone to去了某地（尚未返回），根据句意，故答案为C。
【点评】考查短语辨析，区分have been to与have gone to，理解句子，根据语境判断答案。
3．The volunteers ________ a lot of help to the old and the young since 2010．A. offeredB. have offeredC. are offeringD. will offer【答案】 B【解析】【分析】考查时态．句意"自2010以来，志愿者们向老人和青年提供了大量的帮助．"．A过去时．B现在完成时态．C现在进行时态．D一般将来时态．since+点时间通常用于现在完成时态，结构是have/has+动词的过去分词，主语是volunteers复数，用助动词have．offer的过去分词是offered．答案是B．4．—The drama series The Thunder （破冰行动） hits screens these days.—Oh. What a pity! I ____________ any of them yet,A. doesn't watchB. didn't watchC. won't watchD. haven't watched【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意：——连续剧《破冰行动》这些天正在霸屏。
（完整版）现在完成时讲解及练习
（完整版）现在完成时讲解及练习Unit 9:现在完成时讲解一．基本结构：助动词have/has+过去分词(done)二．句型：否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他.简略答语: Yes, 主语+ have/has.(肯定)No, 主语+ haven't/hasn't.(否定)三．用法（1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果I have spent all of my money (so far).(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)Guo zijun has (just/already) come. (含义：郭子君现在在这儿) My father has gone to work.(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿)（2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示）常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用.①for+时段②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来）③since+时段+ago④since+从句（过去时）●⑤It is+时段+since+从句（过去时）Mary has been ill for three days.I have lived here since 1998.四．has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in) 的区别Have/Has gone(to) :去了(现在不在说话现场)Where is your father？He has gone to Shanghai.Have/Has been (to) :去过（已不在去过的地方）My father has been to Shanghai.Have/has been in：呆了多久（还在所呆的地方）My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /sin ce two months ago.五．现在完成时的标志1. 现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义:* 以already, just和yet为标志He has already got her help. 他已得到她的帮助。
英语现在完成时的用法总结
现在完成时（Present perfect）过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果，过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
基本结构：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词(done) ①肯定句：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+宾语. ②否定句：主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词+宾语. ③一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+宾语. ④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词+其他） 定义： （1）强调动作是过去发生的 （2）强调对现在的影响或结果 （3）在过去不确定的时间里发生的动作，但是结果对现在有影响。
但过去分词一定要选择准确。
规则动词 1 、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。
四点变化规则： (1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。
work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited(2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。
live---lived---lived , (3)、以“辅音字母+ y ”结尾的动词，将"y" 变为"i" ，再加“ ed ”。
study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried (4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。
stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped不规则动词burn---burnt---burnt 1hide hid hiden 隐藏2forget forgot forgoten 忘记3see saw seen 看见4take took taken不规则动词 2 、不规则动词：AAA型原型过去式过去分词 burst burst burst cast cast cast cost cost costcut cut cut hit hit hit hurt hurt hurt put put put set set set shut shut shut spread spread spread let let let read read read led led led AAB型 beat beat beaten ABA型become became become run ran run come came come 特殊情况 read read read read原形发音为/ri:d/,过去式和过去分词发音为/red/ABB型bring brought brought buy bought bought build built built burn burnt burnt catch caught caught dig dug dug feel felt felt fight fought fought find found found feed fed fed get got got hang hung hung hear heard heard hold held held keep kept kept lay laid laid lead led led lose lost lost leave left left lend lent lent make made made mean meant meantmeet met met pay paid paid sell sold sold shoot shot shot say said saidsit sat sat stand stood stood shine shone shone sweep swept sweptsleep slept slept teach taught taught tell told told think thought thought win won won ABC型begin began begun blow blew blown break broke broken choose chose chosen draw drew drawn drive drove driven drink drank drunk fly flew flown forgive forgave forgiven forget forgot forgotten freeze froze frozen give gave given grow grew grown know knew known ride rode ridden rise rose risen ring rang rung shake shook shaken sing sang sung sink sank sunk swim swam swum throw threw thrown write wrote writtentake took taken wear wore worn用法（1）现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生过或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系,也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在. I have spent all of my money.(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.) Jane has laid the table.(含义是:现在桌子已经摆好了.) Michael has been ill.(含义是:现在仍然很虚弱) He has returned from abroad. (含义是:现在已在此地) （2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示）常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用. ①for+时段 ②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来） ③since+时段+ago ④since+从句（过去时）●⑤It is+时段+since+从句（过去时）Mary has been ill for three days. I have lived here since 1998. ●注：瞬间动词（buy,die,join,lose……）不能直接与for since 连用。
英语现在完成时答题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析
英语现在完成时答题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析一、初中英语现在完成时1．—Where's your father?—He _______ to Changsha.A. have beenB. has goneC. has beenD. have gone【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：——你爸爸在哪？——他去了长沙。
因为父亲不在，证明他去了某个地方没有回来。
之前发生的动作对现在造成的影响用现在完成时，结构为have/has+过去分词，主语he是第三人称单数，助动词用has，go的过去分词是gone，故选B。
【点评】考查现在完成时，注意去过某地用have/has been to，去了某地用have/has gone to。
2．My father ____ in a panda protection center for 10 years, so he knows a lot about panda.A. was workingB. is workingC. has workedD. will work【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意：我父亲在熊猫保护中心工作了10年，所以他对熊猫很了解。
由句中的语句for 10 years 提示可知，此句要用现在完成时，主语my father，助动词要用has，故选C。
【点评】考查现在完成时的基本结构及用法，注意根据句子的时间状语判断时态。
3．—Your shoes are so old. Why don't you buy a new pair?—Because I all my money on an MP5.A. spendB. have spentC. am spendingD. was spending【答案】 B【解析】【分析】因为把所有的钱都花在MP5上，所以没钱买鞋。
强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响，应用现在完成时，故选B。
【点评】考查现在完成时的用法，强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。
【英语】初中英语现在完成时及其解题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析
【英语】初中英语现在完成时及其解题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析一、初中英语现在完成时1．My mother a good example for me since I was young.A. wasB. has beenC. will beD. is【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意：打小以来，妈妈就是我的好榜样。
根据时间状语“since l was young”可知，主句应用现在完成时，表示动作从过去一直持续到现在。
故选B。
【点评】考查动词的时态2．—How do you like Beijing, Miss Read?—I've no idea. I _____ there.A. have goneB. have beenC. haven't beenD. haven't gone【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意：---你觉得北京怎么样，瑞得小姐？---我不知道，我没有去过那儿。
短语：have been to去过某地（已经返回）；have gone to去了某地（尚未返回），根据句意，故答案为C。
【点评】考查短语辨析，区分have been to与have gone to，理解句子，根据语境判断答案。
3．I am surprised at the new look of my hometown，for it _____ a lot over the years．A. changedB. changesC. will changeD. has changed【答案】 D【解析】【分析】我对我的家乡的新面貌感到惊讶，因为这几年改变了很多，结合over the years可知表达的动作发生在过去，对现在造成一定的影响，故用现在完成时have/has+过去分词，主语it，故has，故答案是D．4．I scared of dogs ever since a dog hurt me when I was five years old.A. will beB. wasC. have beenD. would be【答案】 C【解析】【分析】由since引导的从句可知主句应用现在完成时，故答案为C。
（完整版）现在完成时讲解（含讲解及习题）（可编辑修改word版）
（完整版）现在完成时讲解（含讲解及习题）（可编辑修改word版）现在完成时讲解一、构成:肯定式：主语+ 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词.疑问式：助动词Have/Has + 主语+ 动词的过去分词?否定式: 主语+ 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分词.过去分词规则变化：a)一般情况下，直接加ed, （work---worked，water---watered, finish---finished 等;）b)以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词, 把y 变成i 再加ed, （carry-- -carried study---studied 等;）c)以辅+元+辅结尾且中读的动词，要双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ed。
（stop---stopped，shop---shopped）d)以不发音的e 结尾的动词，只加d（过去分词不规则变化表：二、用法：用法一：表示过去（已经、曾经或从未）发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
标志词：①already, ②never, ③ever, ④just, ⑤yet, ⑥before,⑦once/twice/数字+ times例：I have cleaned my room. 我已打扫了房间(房间现在是干净的，不需要打扫了)They have left. --他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里I have never had a car (我从未有过汽车。
)I have been there twice.a）already 往往用于肯定句，用在疑问句时表示强调或加强语气；yet 用于否定句和疑问句。
He has already left here. 他已经离开这里了。
Has he already left here? 他（真的）已经离开这里了吗？（表示加强语气）My teachers haven’t had breakfast yet. 我的老师们还没有吃早饭。
现在完成时讲解及练习题含答案
时态讲解：现在完成时(1)构成：现在完成时由助动词have +过去分词构成，助动词have有人称和数的变化。
第三人称单数用has,其余用have.现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上n ot、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。
以study为例，其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下：(2)用法：1)现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。
说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。
My daughter has just go ne out. 我女儿刚出去。
I ' m sure we ' ve met be我肯定我们以前见过面。
She has arrived.她到了。
2)表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，女口recently, already, just, lately, for …,s^hce^:…,yetI haven ' t heard from her these days.这些日子我没有收到她的信。
We haven ' t seen you recen tly.最近我们没有见到你。
They have bee n away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。
She has bee n withus since Mon day.A 、八■,、、》;★注意：1) si nee和for的区别si nee 后接时间点，如1993, last term, yesterday, the time I got there 。
for 后接一段时间, 表示长达多久”，女口ten years, a while, two days 等。
Exercise:用since 禾口for 填空1.Jim has bee n in Irela nd ________ Mon day.three days.3.His aunt has lived in Australia __________ 15 days.bee n there _________ 7 o'clock.5. In dia has bee n an in depe ndent country ________ 1974. bee n wait ing ________ 20 minu tes. 2. Jill has bee n in Irela nd _________ 4. Mary is in her office. She has6. The bus is late. They'veThey have left only for 5 minu tes. x7.Nobody lives in those houses. They have bee n empty ___________ m any years. 8. Mikehas bee n ill ________ a long time. He has bee n in hospital ___________ O ctober.2)表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。
英语现在完成时用法详解及答案
英语现在完成时用法详解及答案一、选择题1．— I think the man over there must be Douglas.— It ________ be him. He has ________ to Australia.A．can’t, gone B．can’t, been C．may not, been D．mustn’t, gone 2．—Have you been to the Robot Restaurant in our city?—No. Although it _________ for more than a year, I’m far too busy to go there.A．has started B．has been on C．has been open D．has opened 3．—Mum, I want to watch the news about our school. Change the channel, please!—What a pity! It is eight o'clock now. It___________ for a while.A．has been over B．was over C．has finished D．finished4．The train ________ for twenty minutes.A．left B．has left C．has been away D．is leaving 5．— When did the Mixc Shopping Center open? — It ________ for nearly half a year. A．has opened B．has been open C．was opened D．had been open 6．—See? The strange man ________ around our house again. Should we call the police?—Oh, no. He is our new neighbor, who moved upstairs the day before yesterday.A．walks B．walked C．has walked D．is walking 7．—May I borrow your new-bought book The Adventures of Tom Sawyer now?—I'm afraid not. I ________ only half of it, and I'll try to finish it this weekend.A．read B．am reading C．have read D．will read 8．Though Tom _______ America for over two years, he misses his friends and relatives from time to time.A．was away from B．left C．has been away from D．has left 9．Sarah is only 15 years old, but she ________ the Tennis Club for three years.A．joined B．has joined C．has been in D．was 10．—Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for?—The Fate of the Furious. We ________ here for more than two hours.A．waited B．wait C．were waiting D．have waited 11．Lisa ________ her homework yet. I am afraid she can't go to the park with you.A．didn't finish B．hasn't finished C．wasn't finishing D．won't finish 12．—Could you ________ me this book please, Daniel?—Sorry, but I ________ it for only half an hour. I haven't finished it.A．lend; have had B．borrow; have bought C．borrow; have hadD．lend; bought13．—Are you still in the office? It’s almost ten o’cl ock.—Yeah, I ________ my work. But don’t worry. There’s nothing much left.A．don’t finish B．didn’t finish C．won’t finish D．haven’t finished 14．—Why are you in a hurry?—I am late. Can you tell me how long _______?A．has the film been on B．the film has started C．the film has lasted D．has the film ended15．—What changes________in your lives?—Our lives have changed a lot, like...A．have there had B．has there been C．have there been D．has there had 16．For nearly 100 years, the heartbroken Little Mermaid ________on a rock looking out over Copenhagen's port.A．will sit B．sits C．sat D．has sat17．— Mum, where's my packed lunch? —In the kitchen. I ________ you two sandwiches. A．make B．am making C．have made D．will make 18．—James. Have you ever been to Yangzhou? It’s very beautiful, and people there are welcome.—Yes, I ________ there many times.A．have gone B．have been C．have been to D．have gone to 19．—Why don’t you go to bed, Jimmy?— Mum promised to tell me a bedtime story, but she ______ her work.A．doesn’t fin ish B．didn’t finish C．hasn’t finished D．won’t finish 20．My mother is a teacher. She ________ English in our school since she graduated from university.A．taught B．has taught C．is teaching D．will teach 21．Stan Lee, a famous American comic book writer, for about five months, but the fictional characters he co-created are still alive on screen.A．died B．has died C．has been dead D．was dead22．The boy in red ___________ the football club for 3 years. He can play football very well now. A．has joined B．has been in C．joined D．was in23．My deskmate was once a top student but she behind since she began to play online games. A．has fallen B．fell C．has felt D．has been 24．—Look! The man looks like Mr. Li.—It can’t be him. Because he with his families________Jap an since last Thursday and they haven’t returned.A．has gone to B．has been to C．have been in D．has been in 25．What a pity! My new computer__________ a virus and it can't work now.A．catches B．caught C．is caught D．has caught 26．The film Hi, Mom, ________ for two months. You will have another two months to enjoy it in the cinema.A．lasted B．was lasting C．will last D．has lasted 27．—Sorry, I’m late. Has the meeting begun?—It doesn’t matter. The meeting ________ for several minutes.A．has just begun B．has just been overC．has just been on D．has just ended28．—Carl, are you coming with us?—I’d love to, but something unexpected ______.A．is coming up B．comes up C．came up D．has come up29．—Where are the doctors now?—In the meeting room. They ________ the meeting for 10 minutes.A．have begun B．have been on C．have had D．have been held30．So far, China ________ the world’s largest highway network, with a total length of 160,000 kilometers.A．builds B．built C．will build D．has built 31．—How long ________ you ________ chemistry so far?—For almost one year.A．are; studying B．do; study C．have; studied D．will; study 32．—Hurry up. I can’t wait to see the movie. My Sister!—Oh dear! It ________ for five minutes. Come on!A．has begun B．has been on C．will begin D．will be on 33．—Bill Gates and Melinda Gates, two of the world’s richest people, said “we no longer believe we can grow together as a couple”.—I am so sorry to hear that because they ________ for nearly 30 years.A．have been married B．have got married C．have got married to D．have been married with34．— Where is Jim?—He ________ Beijing on business for a week. He’ll be back tomorrow.A．has come to B．has gone to C．has been to D．has been in 35．— Where is the head teacher?— She ________ to the library to search for some information.A．goes B．will go C．has been D．has gone 36．—When will the live women’s football match between China and South Korea begin on TV?—Oh, it ________ for ten minutes, ending in 4:3. China won the game.A．has finished B．has been on C．has been over D．has begun37．My dog _______ for three days and I’m now very worried now and I want to find it as soon as possible.A．has been gone B．has gone C．is gone D．was gone 38．—Have you ever worked in Nanjing?—Yes. I ________ in Nanjing since three years ago.A．would work B．worked C．was working D．have worked 39．The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, as the world’s longest cross-sea bridge, ________ for over one and a half years.A．has opened B．has been open C．has been opened D．opened 40．—Hello, Jack. This is Sandy. What are you doing?—I’m watching an exciting basketball match. It _______ for half an hour.A．begins B．began C．has begun D．has been on 41．My pet, little Puppy, has ________ for a week. I miss it very much.A．gone missing B．got lost C．been missing D．lost42．The schoolboy is so shy that he doesn’t like to be asked ________.A．whether he could enter his ideal school in the futureB．how long he has joined the navyC．how many languages he can communicate with othersD．about winning the national English competition43．In the sentence “I have bought a new bicycle, so I can ride to school now.”, we use present perfect tense to tell ________.A．the result of a past actionB．actions that happened in the pastC．actions that happened at a certain time in the pastD．how many times an action has happened till now44．Please turn up the music, don’t worry about the baby because he ________ for half an hour. A．woke up B．has woke up C．was awake D．has been awake 45．So far, 5G technology, which is developed by Huawei, _______ a lot. Soon it’ll be widely used in China.A．is improving B．are improved C．has improved D．improved 46．— Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for?—Cliff Walkers. We ________ here for more than two hours.A．wait B．are waiting C．waited D．have waited 47．—Whe re’s your mum, Lucy?—She together with her sisters ________ the supermarket since two hours ago.A．has gone to B．has been to C．has been in D．have gone to 48．William Shakespeare ________ for 405 years, but his works still have great influence today. A．died B．was dying C．has died D．has been dead 49．The movie Hi, Mom________ the hearts of many people since it was shown in February. A．wins B．won C．will win D．has won 50．—Where is your uncle? —In the USA．He ________ there for two months.A．has gone B．has gone to C．has been D．has been to【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．A【详解】句意：——我想那边的那个男人一定是道格拉斯。
现在完成时讲解及练习（答案）
现在完成时讲解及练习（答案）初中英语主要时态系列(六)——现在完成时讲解及练习1现在完成时的基本结构肯定句：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+其他否定句：主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词+其他⼀般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+⼀般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词+其他）2现在完成时的⽤法1. 现在完成时⽤来表⽰过去已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果。
也就是说，动作或状态发⽣在过去但它的影响现在还存在，强调的是现在。
I have already posted the photo.我已经邮寄出了照⽚。
与此种⽤法连⽤的时间状语时⼀些模糊的过去时间状语，如already（肯定句句中）, yet（否定句/疑问句句尾）, just, before, recently,still, lately,never 等。
2. 现在完成时也可⽤来表⽰动作或状态发⽣在过去某⼀时刻，持续到现在并且有可能会继续持续下去。
He has lived here since 1978.⾃从1978年以来，他⼀直住在这⼉。
(动作起始于1978年，⼀直住到现在，可能还要继续住下去。
)此种⽤法常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句⼦）连⽤。
谓语动词必须是延续性动词。
有些瞬间动词可变为延续动词：go out----be out finish----be over open----be open die----be dead buy---have fall ill---be ill come back----be back catch a cold----have a cold3现在完成时常见考法对于现在完成时的考查，多以单选、句型转换或词语运⽤的形式考查学⽣在具体语境中灵活运⽤时态的能⼒。
在考试中，会让⼤家判断是否该⽤现在完成时，或者是考查“瞬间动词”不能与表⽰⼀段时间的状语连⽤”这⼀知识点。
中考英语语法丨现在完成时详解（附练习题及答案）
中考英语语法丨现在完成时详解（附练习题及答案）中考英语语法丨现在完成时详解（附练习题及答案）一.现在完成时的构成："have/ has+动词的过去分词”。
①肯定句主语+have/ has+动词的过去分词。
Though he has read the book three times, he hopes to read it again.尽管已经把这本书读了三遍，他仍希望再读一次。
②否定句:主语+have/ has+not+动词的过去分词。
You haven't been here for a long time.你已经很长时间没来这儿了。
③一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词? Have they finished the work yet?他们已经完成这项工作了吗?二.现在完成时的用法(1)表示发生在过去的动作对现在仍有影响My father has gone to Shanghai. (表示人不在这里了)我爸爸去上海了。
I have already had supper. (表示现在不饿了)我已经吃过晚饭了。
(2 )表示从过去开始一直延续到现在(可能延续下去)的动作或状态He has lived here since 1970.他自从1970年以来一直住在这里。
My brother has been a soldier for two years.我哥哥已经参军两年了。
提示：常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有alredy(已经),yet (还)，just (刚刚), never(从不),ever(曾经)，before (以前), recently（近来）, since then(从那时起)，since(自从),so far (到目前为止),for a long time（很长一段时间), in the past/last few years (在过/最近的几年里)等。
(英语)英语现在完成时常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)含解析
（英语）英语现在完成时常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)含解析一、初中英语现在完成时1．—I'm sorry for being late.—Never mind. The meeting ______for only 5 minutes. This way, please.A. has begunB. has endedC. has been on【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意：——对不起，我迟到了。
——没关系．会议只开了5分钟，请这边走。
for+段时间，通常用于现在完成时态，结构是have/has+动词的过去分词，begin和end都是短暂性动词，不能用于现在完成时态中表示动作或状态的延续，因此A，B不正确．has been on"在进行，开着（的状态）"，故选C【点评】现在完成时表示延续性的状态。
2．I ________ an invitation to the concert. I can't wait to go.A. receiveB. will receiveC. was receivingD. have received【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：我已经收到音乐会的邀请，我等不及要去了。
由句意得知我已经收到去音乐会的邀请函，动作已完成造成的影响是我等不及要去，要用现在完成时，故答案选D。
【点评】考查动词时态。
根据题目所给语境推断出应使用的时态。
3．—Do you still play basketball?—Oh, no. I ____ it for the past two years.A. haven't playedB. didn't playC. won't playD. hadn't played【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：——你还打篮球吗？——哦，不了。
我已经有两年没有打过了。
根据句中的for the last two years可知应与完成时态连用，又有时间是the last two years可知是从现在往前两年，因此应使用现在完成时态，故选A。
现在完成时精讲及习题答案
现在完成时1.构成现在完成时是由助动词 have(has)+动词的过去分词构成。
助动词说明该谓语是属于现在时范围。
它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。
过去分词是主要的谓语动词说明句子意义。
肯定式：主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + 其他。
(当主语是第三人称单数时用 has,其余人称用have。
过去分词:规则动词的过去分词构成与动词过去式相同;不规则动词需要特殊记忆。
) 否定式:主语 + haven't/hasn't + 过去分词 + 其他。
疑问式: Have /Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他?特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句(have/has+主语+过去分词+其他)简略答语:Yes, 主语 + have/has.(肯定)No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't.(否定)2.用法(1) 表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在留下了某种影响和结果。
常被 just、already 、yet 等副词修饰。
如： -Have you had lunch yet? -Yes, I have. I've just had it. 你(已经)吃午饭了吗？我刚刚吃过。
(现在我不饿了)I have spent all of my money .(现在我没有钱花了 .)Jane has laid the table.( 现在桌子已经摆好了 .)(2)表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
这个动作可能刚停止，可能仍然在进行。
常带有 for 和since 等表示一段时间的状语。
①for+时段为… 时间②since+过去一个时间点(译为：自从…… 以来)③since+时段+ago④since+从句(过去时)⑤Itis+时段+since+从句(过去时)如： He has taught here since 1981 他自 1981 年就在这儿教书。
语法专题-现在完成时(有答案)
现在完成时【语法讲解】1.现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，也可以表示从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
常与already (已经), just (刚刚), ever (曾经), never (从不), before (以前), yet (仍然)等连用。
考点1：现在完成时的结构句型考点2：already与yet在现在完成时中的用法1）already 通常用于肯定句中，一般用于have/has 后，实义动词前，偶尔放在句尾。
yet 用于否定句和疑问句中，一般用在句末。
2）在现在完成时态的句子中，含有already 的肯定句变为否定句或疑问句时，要把already 改为yet，并放于句末。
考点3：辨析have been to, have gone to与have been in/at【注意】当have been to 后面接副词，如here, there, home 时，to 要省略，变为have been here/ there/home。
考点4：have been in＋组织，表示加入某组织。
eg: He has been in the army for 3 years.他参军三年了。
考点5：have been＋adj./n.呈现……状态eg: The shop has been open for 10 years.这家店营业十年了。
We have been friends since we were 5.我们从5岁起就一直是朋友。
考点6：若现在完成时的句子中含表示时间段的时间状语(如含since/for引导的时间状语)，则谓语只能使用延续性动词。
短暂性动词可以转化为延续性动词1). 直接换成延续性动词buy买→have有borrow借→keep保留put on穿上→wear穿着come/go/become来/去/变成→be在/是2). 转换成be＋名词join the army参军→be a soldier当兵join the Party 入党→be a Party member成为一名党员go to school去上学→be a student成为一名学生3). 转换成be＋形容词/副词die死亡→be dead死了finish结束→be over结束begin开始→be on 在上映/已开始leave离开→be away远离的fall asleep入睡→be asleep睡着的close关闭→be closed关着的4). 转换成be＋介词短语go to school去上学→be in school在上学join the army参军→be in the army在军队中【综合训练】一、用所给单词的正确形式填空1.（2019山东青岛）The writer is so popular that he _______(sell) more than 200,000 books so far.2.（2019）---I____ (have a fever)since last night. ---You’d better go to see a doctor.3.（2019江苏泰州）So far, the couple ___________ (not change) their flat since they had a second child.4.（2019甘肃兰州）Jim has never ________(be) to Mount Tai in China.5.（2019贵州安顺）Sandy borrowed the novel from the library last week and ________(keep) it for 5 days.6.（2019湖北鄂州）Cathy and Linda ( not be) back to their hometown for two years.7.（2019江苏南通）----Can you go walking in the park with me, Daisy?----Sure. I (finish)my DIY project.二、单项选择1.（2019山东临沂）Melting ice (融冰) can cause sea levels to rise. Since 1993, sea levels _________at a speed of 3.2 cm every 10 years.A. roseB. have risenC. rise2.（2019安徽）—It's ten years since we came here—How time flies! We ____ in China for so long.A. workB. workedC. will workD. have worked3.（2019江苏泰州）---Have you ever been to Shanghai?---Of course. Actually, I _________there for six years but now I live in Taizhou.A. workedB. was workingC. would workD. have worked4.（2019湖北武汉）. I ate some fruit, which I ______ since I was a child, and the vegetables from my garden.A. have enjoyedB. enjoyedC. enjoyD.had enjoyed5.（2019湖南郴州）---- Where is Mr. Green?---- He the bookshop. You have to wait for him.A. was going toB. has gone toC. has been to6.（2019广东）My father ____ in a panda protection center for 10 ye ars, so he knows a lot about panda.A. was workingB. is workingC. has workedD. will work7.（2019湖北襄阳）.---- Why won’t we play basketball with Class 4 this afternoon?---Because they _ Longzhong for a study trip.A. have gone toB. have been toC. had gone toD. had been to8.（2019湖北随州）—Your new bike is so nice! When did you buy it?—In July. I _____it for two weeks.A.hadB. have hadC. have boughtD. bought9.（2019江苏淮安）---Where are the teachers now?--- In the meeting room. They _________ the meeting for 10 minutes.A. have begunB. have been onC. have hadD. have been held10.（2019湖北黄冈）---Where is Catherine? I haven't seen her for days.---She Wuhan. She’ll be back next week.A. has gone toB. has been toC. have gone toD. have been to11.（2019湖南长沙）I ______ abroad for several years, but I have never regretted my final decision to move back to my motherland.A．am living B．lived C．have lived12.（2019四川眉山）---Linda has to Paris. How can I get in touch with her?---Don’t worry. She will call you as soon as she there.A. been；will getB. been；getsC. gone；will getD. gone；gets13.（2019四川眉山）---Your new watch is so nice! When did you buy it?--- In October. I it for two months.A. hadB. boughtC. have hadD. have bought14.（2019福建）---Look! My mother _____ a new dress for me.----Wow, it looks very nice on you.A.is makingB.has madeC.will make15.（2019呼和浩特）The shop in Wanda Square ___ for six years, but I ___ there so far.A.has opened; haven’t goneB.has been open; haven’t beenC.has been open; haven’t goneD.has been opened; haven’t been16.（2019湖南湘潭）---Have you ever _____ the Terracotta Army in Xi’an ?----Yes. I went there last year.A.gone toB.been toC.been in17.（2019北京）Our school life a lot since 2017. We have more activities now.A. changesB. changedC. will changeD. has changed18.（2019湖北宜昌）----What progress Huawei _____ in recent years!----No wonder it is widely known in all parts of the world.A.is makingB.has madeC. makesD. made19.（2019贵州毕节）---How many letters you to your mother?--- 109 in all, since 2016.A. has, writtenB. have, writtenC. did, writeD. are, writing20.（2019湖南湘西）---___ you ever ______ Hong Kong --Zhuhai ____Macao Bridge ?---Not yet.A.Did; visitB.Are; visitC.Have , visited21.（2019哈尔滨）---Hi, Tom! _____ you ever ____ the Bird’s Nest ?----Yes, I have. It’s fantastic.A.Have, been toB.Have, gone toC. Did, go to22.（2019黑龙江齐齐哈尔）As an exchange student, Alan_____ Qiqihar for one and a half years.A.has been toB.has been inC.has gone to23（2019四川广元）---How long have you__________ your cap? It looks cool.---About two weeks.A. borrowedB. boughtC. had24.（2019贵阳）Today, all the erhu masters play and praise Erqu an Yingyue. It ____ one of China’s national treasure.A.becomesB.becameC.has become25（2019贵州黔西南）----How many letters _____ you _____ to your mother?----109in all, since 2016A.has, writtenB.have; writtenC.did; writeD.are ; writing三、完成句子1.（2019四川达州）China has been able to make big planes like C919 with scientists’ great effects. ______ China ______ able to make big planes like C919 with scientists’ great effects?2.（2019辽宁盘锦）布朗(Brown) 一家人已经在上海生活10年了__________________________________________________________________3.（辽宁铁岭）复仇者联盟4》已经上映两个月了。
高中英语语法之现在完成时
现在完成时讲解一、基本结构：主语+have/has+过去分词(done)①肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词+其他②否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他③一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词+其他）二、用法1）现在完成时的"完成用法"现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生过或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系,也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在.He has turned off the light.他已把灯关了。
(动作结束于过去，但说明的是现在的情况--灯现在不亮了。
)I have spent all of my money.(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)Jane has laid the table.(含义是:现在桌子已经摆好了.)2）现在完成时的"未完成用法"指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻，一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去。
这里的动词要用持续性动词。
常与for （+时间段）,since（+时间点）连用.Mary has been ill for three days.Mary has been ill since three days ago.注意:1.现在完成时不能单独与准确时间连用，(如表示过去的时间状语）如yesterday(morning、afternoon),last(morning、afternoon)等，除非与for, since连用.2.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用,如already（肯定）, yet（否定，疑问）, just, before, recently, still, latel y等:He has already obtained a scholarship.I haven't seen much of him recently (lately).We have seen that film before.Have they found the missing child yet ?3. 现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用,如ever, never, twice, several times等:Have you ever been to BeijingI have never heard Bunny say anything against her.I have used this pen only three times. It is still good.George has met that gentleman several times.4. 现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用,如up to these few days/weeks/months/years, just, up to present(now), so far等:Peter has written six papers so far.Up to the present everything has been successful.5. 现在完成时还可以用来表示过去的一个时间到现在这段时间内重复发生的动作.We have had four texts this semester.6. have been to 和have gone to的区别have been to 强调“去过”，现已不在那里，如：He has been to the USA three times.他到美国去过三次。
现在完成时讲解及练习题及答案
时态讲解：现在完成时（1）构成：现在完成时由助动词have + 过去分词构成，助动词have 有人称和数的变化。
第三人称单数用has，其余用have.现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。
以）现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。
说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。
My daughter has just gone out. 我女儿刚出去。
I’m sure we’ve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。
She has arrived. 她到了。
2）表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently, already, just, lately, for…, since…,yet等。
如：I haven’t heard from her these days. 这些日子我没有收到她的信。
We haven’t seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。
They have been away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。
She has been with us since Monday.★注意：1）since和for的区别since后接时间点，如1993，last term, yesterday, the time I got therefor后接一段时间，表示“长达多久”，如ten years, a while, two days等。
Exercise: 用since和for填空1. Jim has been in Ireland ______ Monday.2. Jill has been in Ireland ______ three days.3. His aunt has lived in Australia ______15 days.4. Mary is in her office. She has been there ______ 7 o'clock.5. India has been an independent country ______1974.6. The bus is late. They've been waiting ______ 20 minutes.7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty ______ many years.8. Mike has been ill ______a long time. He has been in hospital ______ October.2）表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。
人教版英语现在完成时用法总结含解析
人教版英语现在完成时用法总结含解析一、选择题1．— Where is your son Jimmy living now?— He________the city of Yangzhou, China for two years.A．has come to B．has been to C．has gone to D．has been in 2．Gina can’t go to the farm with her classmates because she________ a bad cold.A．is caught B．is catching C．will catch D．has caught 3．—See? The strange man ________ around our house again. Should we call the police?—Oh, no. He is our new neighbor, who moved upstairs the day before yesterday.A．walks B．walked C．has walked D．is walking 4．—Will your cousin go to Guiyang for the summer holiday?—In fact, he ________ Guiyang since he graduated.A．has gone to B．has been to C．has been in D．went to 5．Sarah is only 15 years old, but she ________ the Tennis Club for three years.A．joined B．has joined C．has been in D．was6．Lisa ________ her homework yet. I am afraid she can't go to the park with you.A．didn't finish B．hasn't finished C．wasn't finishing D．won't finish 7．What a pity! My new computer__________ a virus and it can't work now.A．catches B．caught C．is caught D．has caught 8．— When will your sister go to England?— She _________ London since four months ago.A．went to B．has gone to C．has been to D．has been in 9．—Where is your uncle? I haven't seen him for a long time.—He Shanghai for about half a year. He moved there last October.A．has gone to B．has been to C．has arrived in D．has been in 10．— I think the man over there must be Douglas.— It ________ be him. He has ________ to Australia.A．can’t, gone B．can’t, been C．may not, been D．mustn’t, gone 11．— Would you like to see the film The Wondering Earth with me?—I’m sorry I __________it twice.A．see B．have seen C．am seeing D．saw 12．—What do you think of the latest 5G smart phone?— It's amazing. It is the most wonderful phone I ________.A．used B．will use C．was using D．have used 13．―Olivia, are you sure your aunt ________back from America?―Yes. My mom told me. I'm going to see her now.A．had come B．came C．is coming D．has come 14．The manager reached Nanjing last Wednesday. He________there for 10 days.A．has been B．has got C．has reached D．has arrived 15．It's reported that Xiangshui explosion（爆炸）__________78 persons and the doctors are trying their best to save the wounded.A．kills B．has killed C．killed D．had killed16．My mother is a teacher. She ________ English in our school since she graduated from university.A．taught B．has taught C．is teaching D．will teach 17．The number of city parks in Lishui ______ a lot since it became a district of Nanjing. A．increase B．will increase C．increased D．has increased 18．The boy in red ___________ the football club for 3 years. He can play football very well now. A．has joined B．has been in C．joined D．was in 19．—Oh, your spoken English is very good, Linda.—Thank you. I _____________in England for three years.A．have studied B．studied C．was studying D．study20．—Look! The man looks like Mr. Li.—It can’t be him. Because he with his families________Japan since last Thursday and they haven’t returned.A．has gone to B．has been to C．have been in D．has been in21．一How can you start playing games so soon, Tom?一 I ______ my homework, Mom.A．finished B．have finished C．will finish D．finish 22．—Have you been to the Robot Restaurant in our city?—No. Although it _________ for more than a year, I’m far too busy t o go there.A．has started B．has been on C．has been open D．has opened 23．Hurry up! The concert ______ for ten minutes.A．has begun B．has been on C．has gone D．has finished 24．Since Tencent released Wechat, it ________ one of the most popular apps in the world. A．became B．has become C．has been D．was25．—What changes________in your lives?—Our lives have changed a lot, like...A．have there had B．has there been C．have there been D．has there had 26．— Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for?—Cliff Walkers. We ________ here for more than two hours.A．wait B．are waiting C．waited D．have waited 27．—Carl, are you coming with us?—I’d love to, but something unexpected ______.A．is coming up B．comes up C．came up D．has come up 28．—Where are the doctors now?—In the meeting room. They ________ the meeting for 10 minutes.A．have begun B．have been on C．have had D．have been held29．So far, China ________ the world’s largest highway network, with a total length of 160,000 kilometers.A．builds B．built C．will build D．has built 30．—Would you like to watch the film Fast and Furious 9 tonight?— Sure. I still want to see it again although I ________ it already.A．watch B．will watch C．was watching D．have watched 31．—How long ________ you ________ chemistry so far?—For almost one year.A．are; studying B．do; study C．have; studied D．will; study 32．Mr. Wu ________ Germany since three years ago, so he knows a lot about the German culture and customs.A．has gone to B．went to C．has been to D．has been in 33．— Where is Jim?— He ________ B eijing on business for a week. He’ll be back tomorrow.A．has come to B．has gone to C．has been to D．has been in 34．— Where is the head teacher?— She ________ to the library to search for some information.A．goes B．will go C．has been D．has gone 35．—Where is your uncle? —In the USA．He ________ there for two months.A．has gone B．has gone to C．has been D．has been to 36．—Hello, Jack. This is Sandy. What are you doing?—I’m watching an exciting basketball match. It _______ for half an hour.A．begins B．began C．has begun D．has been on 37．— I remember that Mr.Green once traveled broad.— Not only Mr.Green but also his daughters ______ abroad twice.A．have gone B．have been C．has gone D．has been 38．Please turn up the music, don’t worry about the baby because he ________ for half an hour. A．woke up B．has woke up C．was awake D．has been awake 39．The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, as the world’s longest cross-sea bridge, ________ for over one and a half years.A．has opened B．has been open C．has been opened D．opened 40．—Wher e’s your mum, Lucy?—She together with her sisters ________ the supermarket since two hours ago.A．has gone to B．has been to C．has been in D．have gone to 41．—Have you been to SuNing Plaza in our city?—No. Although it ________ for more than a week, I am far too busy to go there.A．has started B．has opened C．has been open D．has been on 42．The movie Hi, Mom________ the hearts of many people since it was shown in February. A．wins B．won C．will win D．has won43．Not all the students in my class would like to go to Suzhou Museum next week because about three-fifths of them _________ there before.A．have been B．have gone C．has been D．have been to44．—Why are you in a hurry?—I am late. Can you tell me how long _______?A．has the film been on B．the film has started C．the film has lasted D．has the film ended 45．My dog _______ for three days and I’m now very worried now and I want to find it as soon as possible.A．has been gone B．has gone C．is gone D．was gone 46．—Sorry, I’m late. There’s too much traffic on the roa d.—It doesn’t matter. The film has just_______for five minutes.A．begun B．finished C．been on D．been over 47．—Jim, turn down the music. Our baby is sleeping.—Don’t worry. He__________ for half an hour.A．woke up B．has woken up C．was awake D．has been awake 48．—Mum, I want to watch the news about our school. Change the channel, please!—What a pity! It is eight o'clock now. It___________ for a while.A．has been over B．was over C．has finished D．finished 49．—Have you ever worked on this farm?—Yes. I _________ cows as a farmer there for two years.A．raised B．was raising C．have raised D．will raise 50．Neither Mark nor his parents ________ Sanya before, so they can’t wait to start the journey. A．have gone to B．have been to C．has gone to D．has been to【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．D【详解】句意：——你的儿子Jimmy现在住在哪里？——他在中国扬州已经两年了。
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英语现在完成时用法总结含答案解析百度文库一、初中英语现在完成时1．—What _______ you just now?—Don't worry. Nothing _______.A. has happens to; has happenedB. happened; happenedC. happened; has happenedD. happened to; has happened【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：---刚才你发生了什么事？---别担心，没什么事发生。
固定句式What happened to……发生了什么？第二空是回答之前并没有发生任何事情，所以不必担心，用现在完成时，has happened，故答案为D。
【点评】考查动词时态，一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作；现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在造成的结果或影响。
2．—How do you like Beijing, Miss Read?—I've no idea. I _____ there.A. have goneB. have beenC. haven't beenD. haven't gone【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意：---你觉得北京怎么样，瑞得小姐？---我不知道，我没有去过那儿。
短语：have been to去过某地（已经返回）；have gone to去了某地（尚未返回），根据句意，故答案为C。
【点评】考查短语辨析，区分have been to与have gone to，理解句子，根据语境判断答案。
3．This museum here for over 80 years. It one of the oldest buildings in this city.A. is; wasB. had been; isC. was; has beenD. has been; is【答案】 D【解析】【分析】考查动词的时态。
句意：博物馆在这儿有八十多年了。
它是这座城市最古老的建筑之一。
前句表示从过去一直延续到现在的状态，用现在完成时态；后句表示的是现在的状态，用一般现在时态。
故选D。
4．My mother a good example for me since I was young.A. wasB. has beenC. will beD. is【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意：打小以来，妈妈就是我的好榜样。
根据时间状语“since l was young”可知，主句应用现在完成时，表示动作从过去一直持续到现在。
故选B。
【点评】考查动词的时态5．So far, the AIIB（亚投行）_____ 57 countries to be the founding members.A. attractedB. has attractedC. will attract【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意：到目前为止，亚投行吸引了57个国家成为发起国。
So far，到目前为止，句子强调过去对现在造成的结果，用现在完成时态。
故选B。
6．His cat has ________ for five weeks.A. diedB. been deadC. dyingD. dies【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意：他的猫已经死了5个星期了。
die是短暂性动词，不能表示状态的延续。
由时间状语 for five weeks可知应用延续性动词,故答案选B。
【点评】考查现在完成时。
7．The tall building here for 100 years.A. isB. wasC. has beenD. is been【答案】 C【解析】【分析】那幢高楼在这里已经有100年了。
根据for 100 years可知“高楼在这里”是过去发生的动作一直持续到现在，要用现在完成时态，其谓语动词形式为have/has+动词过去分词。
故选C。
【点评】此题考查现在完成时，平时应多归纳总结各种时态，语态和句式的结构及用法。
8．—Do you miss your parents far away?—Yes, very much. They the hometown for over two years.A. leftB. have leftC. were away fromD. have been away from【答案】 D【解析】【分析】根据句意“他们已经离家两年多了”可知用现在完成时，时间状语for over two years 表示时间段，动词要具有延续性，left是 leave的过去分词，是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用，故选D。
【点评】本题考查延续性动词和短暂性动词的转换。
9．He ________ for ten years.A. has been marriedB. marriedC. got marriedD. had married【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:他结婚十年了。
根据句意可知是从过去持续到现在的动作，应该用现在完成时。
故选A。
10．Mr．Fan in 2005．In other words，he for 9 years till now．A. got married；has been marriedB. married；had been marriedC. got married；had been marriedD. married；got married【答案】 A【解析】【分析】首先第一空表述的是一个发生在2005年（即过去）的一个动作，所以为一般过去时，其次 married 后面要接宾语，get married 表示的是短暂性动作，所以应填get married. 第二空由“till now”可知表示的是从过去直到现在的一种状态即为现在完成时，此处married做形容词“已婚的”故填“has been married”,故选A.【点评】此题考查了动词时态问题，同时也考查了“get married”和“married ”的区别。
11．一 Have you ever the film Gang Jiong?一 Yes, I have.A. seeB. to seeC. sawD. seen【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意：“你看过电影《港囧》吗?”“是的，我看过。
”由ever及答语可知句子用现在完成时，故用see的过去分词seen。
【点评】考查动词的时态。
12．—Look! Your teacher Miss White is over there.—No, it can't be her. She ______ to Beijing.A. has goneB. has beenC. wentD. will go【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：--看！你的老师怀特小姐在那边。
--不，那肯定不是她。
她去了北京。
A. has gone去了某地，表示该人不在说话地点； B. has been去过某地，表示主语曾经去过某地，有这种经历；C. went过去式，去；D. will go将来时态，将要去。
根据前面的否定猜测，可知怀特小姐去了北京，故选A。
【点评】考查固定搭配have gone to。
13．—I haven't seen your grandfather for two years. What happened to him?—Oh, he ________ here for two years.A. stayedB. hasn't stayedC. staysD. hadn't stayed【答案】 B【解析】【分析】答语中的for two years是一段时间，用在现在完成时的句中时。
现在完成时的结构：主语+have/ has +过去分词。
可知选B。
【点评】考查现在完成时14．—How many times _______ you _______ to Beijing this year?—Three times.A. have；beenB. had；beenC. have；goneD. had；gone【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意是：——你今年去过北京几次？——三次。
考查have been 与have gone 的区别。
have been 是指去过某地切已经回来了，have gone 是指去了某地还没有回来，根据答句Three times.可以推测已经回来了，故选 A。
15．The small shop ________ for several years.A. openedB. has been openedC. has openedD. has been open【答案】 D【解析】【分析】open是非延续性动词，和表示一段时间的时间状语连用必须转化为延续性动词be open.根据句意，本句应用现在完成时态，故选D。
【点评】考查open转化为be open, be open里的open是形容词，不能加ed..16．—Where is your father?— .A. He has been to ShanghaiB. He has been in ShanghaiC. He has gone to ShanghaiD. He have been to Shanghai【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：－你的父亲在哪儿？－他去上海了。
Have been to去过某地（已回）；have been in在……；have gone to去了某地（未回）。
本题中父亲是人们在找的人，所以是去了某地，还没回来，用have gone to。
主语he是三人称单数，用has gone to。
故选C。
【点评】本题考查现在完成时。
以及Have been to；have been in；have gone to三个短语的词义和用法。
17．—Your shoes are so old. Why don't you buy a new pair?—Because I all my money on an MP5.A. spendB. have spentC. am spendingD. was spending【答案】 B【解析】【分析】因为把所有的钱都花在MP5上，所以没钱买鞋。
强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响，应用现在完成时，故选B。
【点评】考查现在完成时的用法，强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。
18．I scared of dogs ever since a dog hurt me when I was five years old.A. will beB. wasC. have beenD. would be【答案】 C【解析】【分析】由since引导的从句可知主句应用现在完成时，故答案为C。