非谓语动词讲解(超全)

非谓语动词讲解

非谓语动词: a.动词不定式 b.动名词 c.分词( 现在分词过去分词)

概述：1.谓语动词：在句子中担任谓语的动词

2.非谓语动词：是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分

非谓语动词使用条件

一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat.

She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat.

动词不定式

一．动词不定式的时态和被动形式

动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，由不定式符号(to)加动词原形构成。不定式的形式有五种：1．一般式to do 例如：I like to read English.

2．进行式to be doing 例如：He seemed to be reading something at that time.

3．完成式to have done 例如：He seemed to have cleaned the room.

4．被动式to be done 例如：The work is to be done soon.

5．完成被动式to have been done

例如：The boy is said to have been sent to hospital yesterday.

二. 动词不定式的用法

I.作主语

(1)不定式做主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词之前。

To see is to believe．Not to get there in time is your fault.

(2)注：常用it做形式主语，将to do放在位于之后，使句子保持平衡。

句型1：It + 谓语+ to do It takes us an hour _to__ get there by bus.

句型2：It’s + n. + to do It’s our duty _to_ help the poor.

It is a great enjoyment _to_ spend our holiday in the mountains.

句型3：It is + adj + for sb to do sth（是形容事物的性质的）

It is + adj + of sb to do sth（是形容人的品质的）

It is easy for me to finish this work before ten.

It is a great honor for us to be present at your birthday party.

It is very kind of you to give me some help.

It's impolite of you to speak to the teacher like that.

II.作宾语

接不定式做宾语I want to know this matter.

I don’t expect to meet you here

(1)常见动词有：like, demand, expect, promise, begin, determine, refuse, offer, fail, manage, learn, seem,

intend, forget, want, prepare, pretend, refuse, plan, afford, wish等

They wanted _to get___( get ) on the bus, didn’t they? He said he wished __to be____( be ) a professor.

(2)it作形式宾语

I find/feel to work with him interesting ．I find/feel it interesting to work with him．

Subj ect+ find/think/feel/make/ consider… it+adj/n + to do sth.

1.We?thought?_it__?better?__to_?start?early.

2.Do?you?consider?_it__?better?not?_to_?go?

3.?I?feel?_it_?my?duty?_to_?change?all?that.

4.We think it __ important _ to _ obey the law.

5.I know _ it _ impossible _ to _ finish so much homework in a day.

(3)常跟疑问词+不定式作宾语的动词:

tell, advise, show, teach, find out, decide, discuss, learn, explain, know, discover,

He taught us how to use the tool. No one could tell me where to get the book.

I haven't decided whether to go or stay.

下列词接动名词和不定式均可，但意义不同的动词：

stop to do 停下来去做stop doing 停止做

forget to do 忘记要做forget doing 忘记做过

remember to do 记得要做remember doing 记得做过

regret to do 遗憾要做regret doing 后悔做过

try to do 企图做，尽力做try doing 试着做

go on to do 继续做（另一件事）go on doing 继续做（同一件事）

mean to do 打算做mean doing 意味做

In some parts of London, missing a bus means _A______ for another hour.

A waiting

B to waiting

C wait

D to be waiting

Boys, don't forget _D____ the windows before you leave the classroom.

A. closing

B. closed

C. to closing

D. to close

She reached the top of the hill and stopped __C_____ on a big rock.

A. to have rested

B. resting

C. to rest

D. rest

Remember _A______ the lights when you leave the office.