高考英语作文各种文体写作注意事项知识讲解

书面表达各种文体写作注意事项

记叙文

1．命题形式：提纲式，图画式。

2．人称：第一人称（写自己的经历）；第三人称（写他人的经理）

3．时态：过去时为主（记叙的事情发生在过去）。

说明文

1．命题形式：图表式，图画式，提纲式。

2．人称：第三人称

3．时态：一般现在时为主

议论文

1．题形式：表格式，提纲式。

2．人称：第三人称、第一人称

3．时态：一般现在时为主

4．通常以三段式的形式来议论，如：一些同学认为……,另一些同学认为……;

你的观点…..。某事物的优点……;某事物的缺点……;你的看法……。

应用文

(一) 普通书信

1．人称：第一人称

2．时态：一般现在时为主

3．称呼：自成一行，顶格写，Dear……,

正文：与Dear后第一个词对齐，

去信开头语：I’m glad to learn that….. ,/I’m writing to tell you that……,

回信开头语How nice to hear from you./ Thank you for your last letter about asking……

结束语：I’m looking forward to your reply./Thanks and all the best./Wishing you a pleasant journey.

Yours sincerely/truly…

Sincerely yours…

(二)求职信

1．人称：第一人称

2．时态：一般现在时

3．内容应包括三部分：

（1）目的：直截了当在信的开头提出（I’m quite interested in ……,/I’m glad to learn that …,/I’ve read the advertisement in the newspaper that…）（2）自我介绍：（不要过谦）

（3）提出期望：I’m looking forward to your reply.

(三)日记

1．格式：左上角：日期，星期几，

右上角：天气情况：sunny/fine/rainy/windy/cloudy/snowy/

2．时态:：一般过去时（发表议论或感想时可用现在时）

3．人称:：第一人称

（四）通知

1．书面通知格式：

Notice

_________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________

The Students Union

2.口头通知格式

Boys and girls, /Ladies and gentlemen,

May I have your attention please? I have an announcement to make.

.

.

.

That’s all. Thanks for listening.

使用过渡词语

1．表递进

besides, what’s more, let alone, worse still, moreover, even, furthermore, to make matters worse, on one hand…,on the other hand .

2．表解释、说明

that is(to say), in other words, or, for, actually, in fact, in this case.

3．表转折

however, but, yet, although, otherwise, instead, on the contrary, while, at the same time

4．表列举

firstly…secondly…finally, for example/instance, such as, take…for example, as follows, and so on, like.

5．表因果

because, since, therefore, thus, because of, as a result, as a result of, thanks to, due to, one reason is that…, another reason is that… .

6．表让步

though, although, in spite of, despite, even if, even though, what/who/when/where_ever, no matter what/who/when/where

7．表顺序

first…next…and then…finally; first…then…after that…finally.

8．表并列

and, or, also, as well as, too, neither…nor…; either…or…;not only…but also…; not…but… .

9. 表时间

afterwards, soon, later, the moment, hardly…when…; no sooner…than…; first, then, later, in the end; finally, at last, since then, immediately, suddenly, soon.

10. 表总结

in conclusion, in a word, to sum up, in short, in brief, on the whole, in general speaking, as I have shown, as has been stated

11. 表见解