初中英语祈使句讲解

祈使句

（一）概念：

用来表示请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告的句子是祈使句。

（二）一般祈使句（省略第二人称主语you）

1.肯定句：动词原形+ ……

Be brave.

Stand up.

Stop talking!

Come on and join us!

a.有时，为了加强语气，可以在动词之前加do.

Do study hard.

Do sit down.

b.为了使语气显得客气，可在祈使句的句首或句尾加上please. Please

在句尾时，之前一定要加一个逗号。

Please come here.

Go this way, please.

c.祈使句有唤语，一定要用逗号隔开，放在句首或句尾。

Li Ming, come here.

Here you are, Eric.

2.否定句：Don’t + 动词原形+ ……

Don’t swim in the river.

Don’t be late.

Please don’t be noisy.

Don’t tell her, please.

（三）L et祈使句（含有第一、三人称主语）

1.肯定句：Let sb. do sth.

Let’s go swimming on Sunday.

Let me try again.

Let Tom go there himself.

Let the news be known.

Let each man decide for himself.

2.否定句：Let sb. not do sth. 或Don’t let sb. do sth.

Don’t let her waste time.

Don’t let him hear you say that.

Let her not do it alone.

Let’s not say anything about it.

Don’t let them play with fire.

3.注意：

Let’s表示包括对方。

Let us表示不包括对方。

Let’s go, shall we? （包括对方）

Let us go, will you? （请求对方许，不包括对方）（四）句型转换：祈使句+and/or+陈述句

祈使句相当于if引导的条件状语从句。

Use your head, and you will find a way.

= If you use your head, you will find a way.

Work hard, or you will fail.

=If you don’t work hard, you will fail.

练习：

Come early, and you will catch the first bus.

=

Come early , or you will miss the first bus.

=

连词：

1、and, then, and then 就，那么

2、or, or else, otherwise 否则，要不然

比较：

1、Come early and you will catch the first bus. 早点来，你就

能赶上第一班车。

2、Come early , or you will miss the first bus. 早点来，不然赶

不上第一班车了。

3、Use your head, then you will find a way. 开动脑筋，那么你

就能找到办法。

4、Use your head , or esle, you won't find a way. 开动脑筋，否

则你就找不到办法。

5、Work hard, and then you won't fail. 努力干，你才不会失败。

6、Work hard, otherwise you will fail. 努力干，不然你会失败的。

总结：六兄弟VBLDPN

Tips：祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。主语常省略，动词用原形。一、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。

1. __________ (not, be )late.

2. ____________ (clean) the dressing table.

3. ____________ (not, speak) with your mouth full of food.

4. ____________ ( not, talk) and ____________ (read) a book.

5. ____________ (not,drop) the nice vase, Sam.

6. ____________ (look) out! A car is coming.

7. ____________ (give) us ten years and just see what our country will be like.

8. ____________ (not, let) the baby cry.

9. Open the window and ____________ (shut) the door.

10. Let’s ____________ (sweep) the floor.

二、选择填空

( )1 .The doctor says: “________ work so hard”

A Stop

B Don’t

C Can’t

D No ( )2. ________ in bed. It’s bad for your eyes.

A Not to read

B Don’t read

C Don’t to read

D Not read

( )3.Please ________ look outside. Look at the blackboard.

A not

B don’t

C aren’t

D can’t

( ) 4. The TV is too loud. Please________.

A. turn it down

B. to turn it down

C. turn down it

D. to turn down it

( )5. Kate, _______ your homework here tomorrow.

A. bring

B. brings

C. to bring

D. bringing

( )6. ________ me the truth, or I'll be angry.

A. Telling

B. To tell

C. Told

D. Tell

( )7. ________ careful!

A.Be

B. Being

C. To be

D. To ( )8. Don't _______ in the river.