不可解的悲剧人生_浅析哈姆莱特悲剧命运的表现与原因

哈姆莱特的形象及其复仇行动延宕的原因分析

哈姆莱特的形象及其复仇行动延宕的原因分析作为“千分之一的哈姆雷特”的读者来浅析一下造成他复仇行为延宕的原因以及揭示了什么本质问题。

哈姆雷特从一个快乐王子变成一个精神忧郁,行动迟疑的延宕王子这是整个社会的悲剧。

以下是店铺为大家带来的哈姆莱特的形象及其复仇行动延宕的原因分析，希望大家喜欢。

哈姆莱特的形象及其复仇行动延宕的原因分析篇1哈姆莱特是莎翁四大悲剧之首。

一个典型的复仇悲剧。

丹麦王子哈姆莱特从大学回家,发现父王突然逝去,叔叔继承了王位并与他的母亲结了婚。

家庭和王国的重大变故使王子陷入了悲痛、迷惘和疑惑中。

父王鬼魂的显现,向他揭示了可怕的事实:他的叔叔以阴险的手段弑兄、篡位、娶嫂。

哈姆莱特必须报仇,面对强大的敌手--国王,哈姆莱特怎样实施自己的复仇计划呢?剖析剧情,他整个的复仇过程可以分为两个阶段。

第一阶段是父仇不共戴天、复仇决心弥坚;第二阶段是气馁消极甚至走向宿命,沦落到与雷欧提斯一般——仅仅为荣誉而复仇。

从第一阶段到第二阶段的变化,就是复仇行动的延宕,这也正是这部悲剧的生命力之所在,因为#一切戏剧都有延宕,没有了延宕也没有了戏文。

本文现从以下三方面来浅析哈姆莱特复仇延宕的原因。

从先前对父亲鬼魂的深信不疑、誓死复仇到怀疑父亲的鬼魂是魔鬼,在引诱他走向沉沦,表面上看是哈姆莱特在用理性控制感情,而实际上这是他在冷静之后深感复仇愿望难以实现而对复仇理想产生了动摇。

至少,他承认自己#柔弱忧郁,就是一种自暴自弃。

透过后面一段自白,我们可以猜度哈姆莱特内心的真实想法,他是多么希望那个鬼魂是一个魔鬼啊!如此自己就不会沉沦,因为血海深仇不复存在。

到后来,哈姆莱特甚至开始宽恕自己的仇人,他杀害了雷欧提斯的父亲波洛涅斯,雷欧提斯向他寻仇时,他是这么说的:#凡是我的所作所为,足以伤害你的感情和荣誉,挑起你的愤激来的,我现在声明都是我在疯狂中犯下的过失。

%%要是哈姆莱特在丧失他自己心神的时候,做了对不起雷欧提斯的事,那样的事不是哈姆雷特做的。

综合作品论述哈姆雷特悲剧实质与原因

综合作品论述哈姆雷特悲剧实质与原因
《哈姆雷特》是莎士比亚最著名的戏剧之一，被普遍认为是世界文学的经典之作。

该剧探讨了复仇、爱情、家族关系以及个人认识和行动的道德困境等多个主题。

《哈姆雷特》的悲剧实质可以从以下几个方面进行论述：
1. 内心冲突与犹豫不决：主人公哈姆雷特面对父亲的死和母亲与叔父的婚姻，内心充满矛盾与痛苦。

他犹豫不决，无法迅速行动，这种矛盾与犹豫最终导致了悲剧的发生。

2. 外在干扰与阴谋：剧中有多个角色在进行复仇与权谋的计划，他们通过欺骗、暗杀等手段，不断向哈姆雷特施加压力。

这些外在干扰也加剧了哈姆雷特的困境。

3. 人性的弱点与缺陷：哈姆雷特身上显现了多个人性的弱点，如犹豫不决、怀疑、嫉妒等。

这些弱点使得他在面对复仇时陷入困境，无法做出明智的选择。

4. 命运与悲剧的注定：无论哈姆雷特的选择如何，似乎都注定了悲剧的发生。

剧中多次提到命运的力量与牵引，这也使得悲剧的产生显得不可避免。

总之，哈姆雷特悲剧的实质与原因是多方面的，既包括个人内心的困惑与犹豫，也包括外在的阴谋与干扰，以及人性的弱点与命运的力量。

这些因素交织在一起，最终导致了悲剧的发生。

悲剧与命运：对《哈姆雷特》的深度解析

悲剧与命运：对《哈姆雷特》的深度解析引言《哈姆雷特》是莎士比亚最著名的戏剧之一，被誉为西方戏剧史上的巅峰之作。

本文将对该剧进行深度解析，重点探讨悲剧元素和命运主题在该剧中的体现。

悲剧的定义和特点悲剧是一种戏剧形式，通过描绘人物的不幸遭遇、命运之轮转动以及道德冲突等要素，引发读者或观众强烈的情感共鸣。

典型的悲剧具有以下几个特点：1.主角常常是一个英勇而高贵的人物，但由于某种错误判断或行为导致其境况逐渐恶化。

2.命运在悲剧中起着重要作用，主角往往被迫接受无法掌控的局面。

3.悲剧中经常存在道德冲突和矛盾，在抉择中揭示出人性的弱点和问题。

《哈姆雷特》中的悲剧元素主角哈姆雷特的境遇哈姆雷特作为主角，具备英勇而高贵的品质，但是却被父亲的死和母亲与叔父的婚姻背叛所困扰。

他陷入思考、犹豫和忧郁的状态中，最终导致其自我毁灭。

命运之轮在剧中转动命运在《哈姆雷特》中发挥着决定性的作用。

主角哈姆雷特从一开始就不断面临无法掌控的局面。

他必须承担起接受父亲鬼魂指示报仇的责任，以及与堪布里奇王国混乱政治斗争等压力。

道德冲突与人性弱点剧中出现了诸多道德冲突和人性弱点的展现。

例如，哈姆雷特在怀疑其父被谋杀后，陷入了道德困境：是否应该报仇？这种内外矛盾使得他陷入了广泛而深刻的思考。

命运主题在《哈姆雷特》中的反映环境对命运产生影响《哈姆雷特》中，堪布里奇王国的政治腐败和混乱直接影响了主角哈姆雷特的命运。

无论他如何努力，环境的不可预测性和腐败导致了他的悲剧结局。

命运与决定权之间的矛盾剧中表现出命运与决定权之间的矛盾。

虽然哈姆雷特通过抉择来展示自己对命运的努力，但最终却被命运所击败。

这种矛盾揭示了人类对于自身命运有限掌握能力的思考。

结论《哈姆雷特》是一部充满悲剧元素和命运主题的杰作。

通过刻画主角哈姆雷特及其境遇、揭示命运之轮转动以及探索人性弱点和道德冲突，该剧深入探讨了悲剧与命运关系，并引发读者或观众对生活意义等更深层次问题的思考。

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《哈姆雷特》中的悲剧原因分析

摘要：《哈姆雷特》是莎士比亚戏剧创作中最杰出的代表作，著名的四大悲剧之一，又是莎士比亚戏剧艺术成熟的标志。

该剧以丰富的时代内涵、生动的人物形象、复杂的矛盾冲突以及曲折多变的故事情节，给人们留下深刻的印象，吸引着他们对其不断的进行解读。

本篇文章旨在从情节、人物、矛盾冲突等多方面分析《哈姆雷特》戏剧中的悲剧色彩。

透过复杂的故事情节，该剧展示了十六世纪英国的动荡与混乱。

该剧中任务众多，不同的任务有不同的性格，也反映了当时不同层次、身份的任务的特征以及他们的人生观。

从而决定了他们最终的归宿。

剧中哈姆雷特与克劳狄斯的斗争是新兴资产阶级人文主义者与日趋反动的封建王权代表任务之间的斗争，反映了文艺复兴时期先进人物为实现美好理想向社会恶势力所进行的斗争。

作为文艺复兴的核心，人文主义在当时是一种新兴思潮，但却遭到失败。

作为人文主义者的典型代表，哈姆雷特对人类抱有美好的看法。

他相信人类的智慧、高雅和力量。

然而，面对罪恶的现实，他所有的人文主义理想都被彻底破灭。

因而只能以生命的代价换来精神上的胜利。

作为时代的缩影，《哈姆雷特》揭示了人文主义理想破灭的必然性。

关键词：人物悲情；矛盾冲突；人文主义；情节悲剧；王权斗争The Tragedy Aspects in HamletAbstract：As one of Shakespeare’s the four famous tragedies, Hamlet is the most remarkable one. It is also the sign of the maturation in the art of Shakespeare’s play. With abundant connotation of the time, vivid characters, complicated conflict and varied story, Hamlet gives people deep impression and moves them to appreciate it. This article aims to analyze the tragedy aspects in Hamlet from all the aspects of plot, character, conflict, and so on, according to which it reveals more information about England in the period of Renaissance. Based on the complicated plots, Hamlet reveals the confusion of England in 16th. In this play, there are many characters. With different character, each one reflects different feature of different stage and their social status, and also their value of life, which decide their final sufferance. The struggle between Hamlet and Claudius is about the conflict between the newly emerged capital humanists and the feudal evil force, which reflects the humanists’ h ardship for their dreams to come true. As the essence of Renaissance, humanism is a newly emerged thought at that time, but unfortunately, it failed. On behalf of humanists, Hamlet confirms human’s value and dignity, and also the wisdom and power, but in front of the evil reality, all his dreams are destroyed completely. He just gets the spiritual victory with the cost of his life. As the mitigation of the time, Hamlet shows that it is destined to fail for humanists.Key Words：Tragedy of Characters; conflict; humanism; tragedy of plots; fighting for throneIntroductionIt is known that Hamlet is the most remarkable works of Shakespeare in his dramas. It describes a story of a prince’s revenge for his father’s death in Denmark, during which, it reveals human-being different conflicts. With abundant connotation of the time, vivid characters, complicated conflict and varied story, Hamlet gives people deep impression and moves them to appreciate it. There are three simultaneous plots of revenge, from which, the tragedy of characters is described more complicated. There is also some description of characters: Hamlet represents the few number of the advanced person emerging in the feudal society; Claudius, who is the head of the reactionary force, is also a schemer, the model character of double-dealer. He is dissolute, insidious and sham. But finally, such unforgivable man bears what he should do; Ophelia, who is one of the loveliest girls Shakespeare has described, is also a tragedy character in this play. She is kind, but because of her innocent and tenderness, she became the tool which her father used topleasant the King.As one of the four famous tragedies, Hamlet is full of tragedy aspects: it described a disordered world, and also a world with strong self-consciousness, which reflected the modern main parts uncertainness and complication in the period of Renaissance. In such a special time, there are all the kinds of formation: Claudius’s schemes to seize the state power; the ethics between the ghost and his s on; the sincere feelings between Hamlet and Ophelia; friendship’s forsaking with old classmates; simultaneous revenge action; the failure of humanism, and so on. With all the formation organized, it forms Hamlet’s special artistic charm and literal achieve ment, which reveal human-being the tragedy aspects of Hamlet incisively and vividly.I. The General Introduction of the StoryIt is a story of a prince’s revenge for his father’s death in Denmark. The King of Denmark died, young prince Hamlet who was making further education abroad came back to his country. Out of his imagination, his mother married his uncle Claudius just after the old King’s death. A ghost who looked like the old King emerged one night, and told Hamlet that it was Claudius who killed him, so Hamlet vowed to revenge. He began to pretend to be mad, and left his lover Ophelia. To spy upon the reflection of Claudius, Hamlet arranged a play which was drawn by him. Claudius realized it, he sent Hamlet to England, and asked the man who kept watch on Hamlet to give letter to the king of England to have Hamlet died. But Claudius failed; Hamlet came back to his country again. Meanwhile Ophelia was drawn because of her father’s death and her lover Hamlet’s drifting apart of her. Her brother Leartes was very angry; he asked to fight with Hamlet. Then Claudius arranged a sword match for them, in which Hamlet was killed by the poison sword, Laertes was wounded to die. The Queen (Hamlet’s mother) died from the poison wine which was prepared for Hamlet by Claudius. Before death, Laertes told the truth. Finally Hamlet killed Claudius with the cost of his life.II. Three Simultaneous Plots of RevengeIn Hamlet, there are three simultaneous plots of revenge, which give more details to help us learn the tragedy aspects in it. There are three characters: Hamlet, Laertes andFortinbius,all of whose father are killed. Based on the concept of the time, all the three persons should revenge for their relatives. As the same task, because of their own character and outlook of life, there are three different ways. Of the three persons, thereare two groups of comparison: Laertes and Hamlet are both comparatively young men in a court dominated by the Middle Aged; both are described as being popular with the people in Denmark; their common love for Ophelia units them thematically in the fourth act; and the ensuing swordfight which result in both their death makes clear the extent to which they are each other’s opposites; both give themselves the task of revenging the death of a relative; both are spied on by their parents. Young Fortinblas, who has a few similarities to Hamlet: he too is the nephew of a King; he too is any enemy of Claudius; he too is seeking some sort of vengeance following the death of his father.A. Laertes’s Simple Idea to RevengeOf Laertes’s idea to revenge, it can be described as “simple”. He is noble and dignified in his appearance, while in fact there is nothing in is mind. He is impulsive, narrow minded. Though he realizes his error and reveals the evil plot of the King, he loses his life. As he learns the news that his father Polonius was killed, without asking anyone about the reason, hurriedly he comes back to Denmark and arouses the asses to action. Thinking that the King is the sinner of his fathe r’s death,Laretes leads his masses rush into the court and fight with Claudius. We see Laretes does like that, but in fact, he does not love his father at all. He laughs at his father’s weakness, hates that his father asks someone to keep watch on him. Fo r the reason of his father’s death, he has no interest. Suppose Laertes is willing to learn the reason, he would know that the death of Polonius is caused by himself, for he is so positive to interfere the conflict between Hamlet and the King. What’s more, he supports the King. Hamlet is meaningless to kill Polonius, to which Laertes dose not care about, so he decides to revenge without any doubt. He understands the moral from the point of formalism, according to which he takes action. His principle is measure for measure. What Laertes revenges for is the reputation of his relevant and his family. In the face of such requirement, even the King’s order, it should be delayed. Besides, what Laertes revenges for is his ambitions. When he leads his masses to kill the King, he advocates them support him as the King. It is available that Laertes’s revenge is divorced from the essence, he has ulterior motives.B．Fortinblas’s Abandonment to RevengeFortinblas gives up to revenge. In this drama we do not see the Norway prince somany times. Just because of his uncle’s several words, he abandons to revenge for his father’s death. When the Denmark is frightened to wait for Fortinblas’s attack for his father’s death and the lost land, Fortinblas attacks Poland. No matter what causes Fortinblas to give up revenge, we can regard that his father once provoked to his enemy (the King of Denmark) and gave no choice to him. If the King of Denmark did not kill Fortinblas’s father, the person who would be in death now is himself. Fortinblas realizes that he has no ability to fight with Denmark, so he gives up. But what if he is willing to try his best? He abandons absolutely.Leartes and Fortinblas have their own attitude on revenge. One is to obey the requirement of revenge without any conditions, and the other one is to give upabsolutely. Either of them takes hasty action, and also lacks consideration.C. Hamlet’s Hesitation to RevengeSince the ghost of Hamlet’s father tells Hamlet the truth of his death, the task to revenge is en graved on Hamlet’s mind deeply, he vows to revenge. He loves his father so sincerely and deeply. In his mind, his father symbolizes the top of human virtue. What a base action to keep his father in death! Compared with Leartes and Fortinblas, his motive for revenge is stimulated by his love to his father. While it takes along time for him to complete his task, why? There are three main stages:First of all, he puts off all his action until he has positive proof of Claudius’s guilty, during his process, Haml et arranges a play to spy upon Claudius’s response to prove the truth of the ghost’s words. Secondly, he passes up the opportunity to stab Claudius in the back preferring to wait for chance to kill him in a way more fitting. Because of the religion and superstitious belief, killing the enemy who is repenting is to send the evil person to the heaven. It means that he returns good for evil. Thirdly, however, he gets side-tracked. Forced into confrontation with his mother, he kills the eavesdropping Polonius, thinking that it is Claudius he is stabbing. The fact that Hamlet misfires Polonius has two main effects: it makes Hamlet’s own homicidal campaign lose energy---as if some sort of blood lust had been sated. It also forces Hamlet finally out into the open. Rather than suspects, Hamlet is a threat to Claudius. On the excuse of Polonius’s death, Claudius has opportunity to move against Hamlet, which is sending him off to England to be put in death.III. The Tragedy of CharactersA. The Tragedy of Hamlet1. Thr ee Stages of Hamlet’s TragedyOf the character of Hamlet in this drama, it is not still, but changeable as the struggles go on. According to the development of the character, Shakespeare shows us the tragedy of Hamlet, which is described in three stages logically.The first stage is about his happiness time, during which he studies in Wittenberg. In that period, he has wonderful dream on humanism. To him the world is so bright, charming. In his mind, his father is on behalf perfect man. He also believes that the harmonious relationship between human would come true sooner or later. The second stage of Hamlet is about his dejection and hesitation. Hamlet is so puzzled by the conflict between humanism idea and the gloom reality. When we firstly see the prince, Hamlet appears as a dejected person. He is shrouded by sadness; he does not know where to look for happiness of life. When he realizes all the crimes in the court of Denmark, all his wishes of life have been changed. He decides to change the society, but in action he hesitates. The third stage is about his decision to take activities, which is after the play arranged by Hamlet himself. He can not bear the crime of reality any more. In his own words, he would fill his mind with bloody thoughts. Althoug h Hamlet revenges for his father’s death in the end, he does not achieve the purpose to remove the evil force thoroughly, even he loses his life.2. Hamlet’s DeathHamlet’s death is also his tragedy. It is destined for Hamlet to end with his death, which i s caused by both internal and external course; it is not comprehensive to emphasize either of them. As one of his challengeable enemy, Claudius is on behalf of the evil force; his crime is collected with all the society’s darkness. Hamlet is eager to wipe out such evil force and revenge for his father’s death. But it can not be solved only by having Claudius died, of course to achieve which is not easy. To remove the evil force which is commonly existed in the society and reverses the situation is more diff icult. What Hamlet is hesitating “is not what he should do, but how to do it.” Judging from the objective aspect, Hamlet’s enemy is not only Claudius, and also some villains. As a new style of thought of a newly emerging capitalist class, humanism just exists as a power of thought at that time, which is far away to match with the feudal evil force. The bourgeoisie revolution in England happened in 17th century, judging from the feature of the time, Hamlet’s death is destined. Judging from the character of him, Hamlet has the most weakness which dominates his action. Because of his prince social position, there is no communication with people. Although he has sympathy to them, he also learns people are angry to the evil force, and they also keep hope on him, he is unwilling to corporate with people. What he believes is his own ability; what’s more, in his mind he is the only person who can complete such hard task, which is the root of Hamlet’s social tragedy. So Hamlet’s tragedy is of an advanced humanist’s fa ilure to struggle with powerful evil force of him, of the time, which has strong classic meaning.B．he Tragedy of ClaudiusClaudius, who is the head of the reactionary force, is also a schemer, the model character of double-dealer. He is on behalf of the feudal evil force. He kills his older brother, becomes the new King of Denmark, and marries his sister-in-law. What a dissolute gay! He indulges in creature comforts. Although he is so pleased with himself, when he meets Hamlet, who is in mourning apparel, he is frightened, even it is in his new wedding banquet, he can not conceal the fear which is from his inner heart.Claudius lies that the old King (Hamlet’s father) died of a poisonous snake, and then he takes the place of Hamlet’s succeeding to the thro ne. While on the surface, he pretends to care Hamlet very much, treats Hamlet as his own son. He also promises Hamlet that he would let him inherit in the future. In the reply to Hamlet’s outburst, Claudius uses language which seems to be calculated to tak e into account both sides of a question. On one hand, He tells Hamlet that it is ‘sweet and commendable’ of him to be so obviously affected by his father’s death. On the other hand, he continues mourning must end sooner or later, and life must go on. Thus, Claudius’s answer to Hamlet appears at first sight to be the epitome of reasonableness, a balanced combination of sensitivity and down-to-earth common sense.‘Tis sweet and commendable in your nature, Hamlet,To give this mourning duties to your fatherBut you must know your father lost a father,That father lost, lost his-and the survivor boundIn filial obligation for some temTo do obsequious sorrow. But to persevereIn obstinate condolement is a courseOf impious stubbornness, ‘tis unmanly gr ief,It shows a will most incorrect to heaven,A heart unfortified, a mind impatient,An understanding simple and unschool’d,For what we know must be, and is as commonAs any the most vulgar thing to sense---Why should we in our peevish oppositionTake it to heart? Fie, ‘tis a fault to heaven,A fault against the dead, a fault to nature,To reason most absurd, whose common themeIs death of fathers, and who still hath cried?From the first cores till he that died today,‘This must be so’. (Hamlet, 87-106)When people actually look at the different weight which Claudius gives to the two opposite parts of his argument as his speech develops, it can be realized that Claudius’s ‘balance’ is actually nothing of kind. It is just because that he is under a great deal of strain, and that he is far less in control of the situation than he wants his audience to believe. In another words, Claudius, because he is in a public situation, needs to be a little tactful towards Hamlet, and thus compliments him on his swee t and commendable nature, and assures him that he regards him ‘with no less nobility of love/Then that which the dearest father bears his son’. (Hamlet, II, 110,-II). But Claudius is, after all, King, and his power is absolute. He tries all the ways to eliminate Hamlet, who is regarded to treat him very much. Because Hamlet is deeply loved by people, even pirate is willing to help him, Claudius could not kill him by any reason, he should be very careful. To spy whether Hamlet is mad or not, Claudius asks tw o of Hamlet’s classmates to keep watch on him. Meanwhile, as bait, Ophelia is used to spy upon Hamlet’s inner secrets. After the play, which is arranged by Hamlet, Claudius exposes his guilty conscience thoroughly. Then he plans to murder with a borrowed knife to remove Hamlet for another try. On the excuse of Hamlet’s safety, Claudius sends him toEngland, in secret he asks the man who keeps watch on Hamlet to convey his requirement of having Hamlet died to the King of England. But finally he failed. Then he incited Laertes to revenge for his father’s death, because of which, Hamlet dies from the poison sword.Claudius is dissolute, insidious and sham, while on surface he pretends so kind. Of his character, Shakespeare shows us all the kinds of hideous features of feudal tyrant and the careerist of capitalist class during the time of original accomplishment. But finally, such unforgivable man bears what he should do.C. The Tragedy of OpheliaOphelia, who is one of the loveliest girls Shakespeare has described, is also a tragedy character in this play. She is kind, but because of her innocent and her tenderness, she became the tool which her father used to pleasant the King. She is the victim of feudalism. Her thoughts is tightly bounded it. She believes truth, beauty and kindness, she really loves Hamlet, but she also becomes the tool of Claudius to spy uponthe inner secret of Hamlet when Hamlet is mad. When her father tells her to left Hamlet,she promises him without words. Ophelia is drawn at the end of this drama. It is eventually Ophelia whose madness leads to her actual suicide. But it is clearly that the person who caused Ophelia’s death is the King and her father. Ophelia is also the v ictim of the political. Is there any other reason? Of course that is the feudalism. Ophelia’s death stimulates people to detest the hateful power, and also evokes people’s sympathy for good things, which people have destroyed. IV. The Failure of HumanismA. The Conflict between Humanism and RealityThe Renaissance reached its high tide in 16th century, so did the Humanism. As the fundamental key of Renaissance, the essence of humanism is that human have the right to seek for freedom to advocate the rationa lism and to gain people’s position and development in the world. The elements of humanism are to establish the central status, of human beings, their dignity value, to advocate the spirit of rationalism and science, to protest the super role of God admired during the Middle Ages. In the literature of 16th in England, it was play got the best achievement, so there are so many good works. To some extent, a play is the reflection of the society. The history of 16th century is filled with struggle and conflict, which between the capitalism and feudalism.Hamlet is a humanist, a man who is free from the medieval prejudices and super station. He has an unbounded love for the world instead of the Heaven. As one of humanists, Hamlet cherishes a profound reverence fo r man, and he believes in human’s power and destiny:What a piece of work is human; how noble in reason;How infinite in faculty, in form and movingHow express and admirable; in action how like an angel;In apprehension how like a god! (Hamlet,85-96)From such ebullient words, vivid figure of speech, it is clear that Hamlet confirms human’s value and dignity, and also the wisdom and power, wherever exists humanism. He believes that human is valuable, energetic. He regards that the relationship between human being should be equal, and everyone should be respected. He takes “love” to instead of people’s loyalty to him, and the principle of equality and love to the relationship of feudal grade. According to his thought, character, appearance and expression, either of which shows us that he is the model of a perfect humanist. In his mind, his father (the old Hamlet) is a model of human. To love, friendship and life, Hamlet has his own humanism view. And he himself, just as Ophelia’s description, is a youngprinc e of humanism, such a lovely prince, there’s no doubt that anyone would not love him. Even Claudius, his enemy, has to admit that he is loved by the “silly” people, and the ordinary people would have good opinion to him. While at the beginning of the play, Hamlet is covered by the misfortune of his family. He adores and loves his father very much, but he died; he also loves his mother, while very quickly (“A little month, or ere those shoes were old, with which she follow’d my poor father’s body,”) she marr ies his uncle (the new King). The faithful love, friendship, and all a humanist’s valuable dreams began to be destroyed. He laments: “Fraity, thy name is woman!” To find out the reason of his father’s death, Hamlet pretends to be mad. Out of his imaginatio n, his old classmates and friends, even his lover, Ophelia, become Claudius’s accessories. In front of the evil reality, his humanism dream is destroyed completely. He even thinks about “to be or not to be”:To be, or not to be, that is the question:Whet her ‘tis nobler in the mind to sufferThe slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,Or to take arms against a sea of troublesAnd by opposing end them. To die---to sleep,No more; and by a sleep to say we endThe heartache and the thousand natural shocksTh at flesh is heir to: ‘tis a consummation Devoutly to be wish’d. To die, to sleep;To sleep, perchance to dream---ay, there’s the rub……(Hamlet, 152-180)B. The Failure of Hamlet’s TaskWhat Hamlet is able to do is to reveal the reality that the society is not reasonable and it must be changed, not how to solve such fundamental question; to move the crime existing in the world, not how to wipe out it. Because of the limitation of time and class, humanist does not have the ability which is needed to change the society, wipe out the social crime. It is one of the reasons that the reactionary force is powerful, because of which Hamlet fails to complete his task. Hamlet represents the few number of the advanced person emerging in the feudal society. The struggle between Hamlet and Claudius represents that between the newly emerged capital humanist and feudal reactionary force, which reflects the conflict between the advanced people and evil force in Renaissance. However, it is a complicated time, with the social crime of feudal force and the capital accumulation, it is a gloom time, and it is destined to fail for the advanced people.ConclusionWith abundant and vivid plots, Hamlet reveals an important thought: in the later of Renaissance, the central state power was stable, the system of government was charged by the King. The King abandoned the capitalist class, arbitrarily and dictatorially, he forcibly occupied all the benefit; in political, he went against the progressive measure, then the feudal force had the chance to state a comeback, all the country was filled with foul, and each trying to cheat the other. Under such background, the capital humanists were angry with it. All the ordinary people even could not bear the exploitation coming from the feudal and original accumulation, but they could do nothing to help themselves. Such phenomenon was just about which happened before the bourgeoisie revolutionary in 1645. Humanists had the thought to remove the unforgivable King and reverse the situation, but they fell into hesitation, because the responsibility for them was hard to complete.Taking the court of Denmark in the Middle Ages for the background, according to the story of Hamlet’s revenge for his father’s death, Hamlet describes the truth England and th e Europe society in the later Renaissance. It reveals the author’s self-questioning on Renaissance movement and his carelessness on people’s life and future. The Renaissance promotes Europe into the time human beings awakening. People’s belief to God began to shake, under the flag of “personality liberation”; it was the custom to do what you like to. For one side, people’s thought liberated, which promoted the development of the social civilization. In the other side, especially in the later of Renaissance, it was full of overflow of selfish desire and social’s confusion. Encountering such an enthusiasm and confused time, instead of the optimistic and romantic brought by the humanism, Shakespeare shows us the hidden danger which hided in the ideal and progress. It is destined to fail for humanists. Hamlet is the reflection of such social phenomena.AcknowledgementsI would like to take this opportunity to thank my tutor—Chen Shunjiang, who offers me academic and constructive advices on composing this paper. His encouragement and help are worthy of high acknowledgement. During the learning of my paper, Mr. Chen gives me much good and valuable advice on my course, and provides me many opportunities to do practice. Because of those opportunities, I can accumulate much practical experience and precious theories for this paper. In the process of composing this paper, he helps me correct this paper and make it more perfect.I would like to express my thanks to those who spend their time in reading my paper, and I will be grateful if you could give me your advice, and I will appreciate them very well. Because I know that will be beneficial and helpful in my life. Meanwhile, I’d like to say thanks to my dear friends, Tang Xuejin, Li Jiangtao, Shu Qing, and so on, who give my ideas in my work, so that I can complete my paper on time.I hope I can apply my knowledge to my practical job in the future, and make some achievements during my career.Bibliography[1] Bradley. A C. Lecture IV: Hamlet. London: Macmillan, 1922.[2] Cartwright Kent. Remembering Hamlet, University Park, Penn: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1991.[3] Michael Mangan. A Preface to Shakespeare’s Tragedy. Peking University Press, 2001.[4] William Shakespeare. Hamle, Prince of Denmar.. The Oxford Standard Authors Edition. 1601.[5] Zhang Longxi. Reading Shakespeare: Hamlet. Room G07, Lee Wai Chun Building, CUHK, 2003.[6] 黄源．外国文学史新编[M] ．浙江文艺出版社，1987．[7] 基托．哈姆雷特[M] ．北京：中国社会科学出版社，1981，P427-450．[8] 孟宪强．外国文学[M] ．河南：河南教育出版社，1988．[9] 施咸荣．借鉴与探讨——外国文学部分[M] ．北京：北京十月文艺出版社，1986．[10] 王守仁．英国文学选读（第二版）[M] ．北京：高等教育出版社，2005．[11] 王佐良等．欧洲文化入门[M] ．北京：外语教学与研究出版社，2005．[12] 杨周翰．莎士比亚评论汇篇[M] ．北京：中社会科学出版社，1981．[13] 张泗洋等．莎士比亚引论[M] ．北京：中国戏剧出版社，1989．[14] 朱维之等．外国文学简编第四版[M] ．中人民大学出版社，1999．[15] 朱生豪．莎士比亚全集[M] ．北京：人民文学出版社，1981．。

哈姆雷特人性的复杂与命运的挣扎

哈姆雷特人性的复杂与命运的挣扎哈姆雷特是莎士比亚的经典悲剧作品，它深刻地探讨了人性的复杂性以及人们在命运挣扎中面临的困境。

本文将从不同角度来探讨哈姆雷特这个角色所反映的人性的复杂性以及他在命运挣扎中的体验。

一、人性的复杂性哈姆雷特这个角色展现了人性的多面性和复杂性。

首先，哈姆雷特是一个有思想深度的人，他对人生和死亡、真理和虚伪等哲学问题进行了深入的思考。

他的内心充满了矛盾和疑问，他对一切事物都有着敏锐的洞察力和批判精神。

其次，哈姆雷特是一个痛苦的人。

在母亲和兄弟之间的背叛以及父亲的离世之后，他陷入了巨大的悲伤和内心的痛苦之中。

他经历了情感上的剧烈波动，并陷入了对父亲死亡真相的追问和对复仇的思考之中。

此外，哈姆雷特还展现了人性的矛盾性。

他一方面渴望正义和复仇，另一方面又犹豫不决，陷入了对自己行动后果的担忧中。

他在行动和犹豫之间摇摆不定，他的内心承受着痛苦和挣扎。

二、命运的挣扎哈姆雷特的命运也是他挣扎的原因之一。

他被困在了复仇的命运之中，他的父亲被谋杀，他被迫承担起复仇的责任。

然而，复仇并不是他内心真正感受到的解脱，他不断思考复仇是否有意义，他担心自己行动的后果以及复仇所带来的更多的痛苦和牺牲。

命运对哈姆雷特来说是一种不可逃避的束缚，他在复仇道路上感受到了命运的残酷和无情。

他知道自己已经陷入了无法逃离的命运漩涡中，而他与命运的抗争成为了戏剧的核心。

三、哈姆雷特的命运挣扎对现实的启示哈姆雷特是一个被命运所困扰的人，然而他的命运挣扎也反映了现实社会中的一些问题。

人们常常面临着道义、责任和利益之间的抉择，他们受到外界环境和社会压力的影响，往往难以做出准确的决策。

哈姆雷特在一系列的挣扎和犹豫中体现了内心的纠结和迷茫，这与现实社会中的人们所经历的类似。

他通过思考复仇与正义的关系、真相与虚假的界限等问题，引发了观众对于人性和命运的深思。

结论：总而言之，哈姆雷特是一个复杂的角色，他展现了人性的多面性和复杂性。

他通过对复仇命运的挣扎，深刻地揭示了人们在现实社会中面临的道德和命运困境。

莎士比亚《哈姆雷特》中主人公性格悲剧解读

莎士比亚《哈姆雷特》中主人公性格悲剧解读莎士比亚的戏剧作品《哈姆雷特》是世界文学史上的经典之作，被誉为莎士比亚的杰作之一。

在这部戏剧中，主人公哈姆雷特是一个备受赞誉的角色，其性格与命运均备受人们的关注。

哈姆雷特是一个富有复杂性和多面性的角色，他的性格特点对整部戏剧的情节和发展起着至关重要的作用。

本文将对莎士比亚《哈姆雷特》中主人公性格悲剧进行解读，分析哈姆雷特的性格特点、悲剧命运及其原因，并对其性格给我们的启示进行探讨。

我们来分析一下哈姆雷特的性格特点。

哈姆雷特是一个充满矛盾的人物，他同时具有勇敢和犹豫、激进和犹豫的两面性。

在戏剧的开头，哈姆雷特展现出了令人钦佩的勇敢和果断。

他对父亲的死感到极度悲痛，但当鬼魂出现告诉他父亲是被毒杀而不是自然死亡时，他立即决定要为父亲报仇。

他表现出了极大的勇气和决心，但很快又陷入了犹豫和迟疑之中。

他开始怀疑鬼魂的真实性，对自己的行动不确定，因此陷入了一系列的思想斗争和内心挣扎之中。

这种犹豫和矛盾的性格特点，使得他的行为变得不可预测和复杂，也正是这一特点给整部戏剧的情节发展带来了许多曲折和转折。

我们来探讨一下哈姆雷特的悲剧命运及其原因。

哈姆雷特的悲剧命运从他的性格特点中得到了深刻的阐释。

他的犹豫和矛盾不仅影响了他自己的命运，也影响了他周围的人。

他无法坚定地执行自己的复仇计划，导致了一系列的灾难性结果。

他对奥菲利娅的感情与行为模式也是充满矛盾的，他既深爱着奥菲利亚，又采取了冷漠和冷淡的态度，使得奥菲利亚心灵受到了极大的伤害。

在与拉谢尔的决斗中，他虽然杀死了克劳狄斯，但也因误食了被毒的杯子水而丧生。

这一系列的悲剧事件均源于他性格中的犹豫不决和矛盾状态。

我们来思考一下哈姆雷特的性格给我们的启示。

哈姆雷特的性格特点展现了人性的复杂性和多面性，他同时具有了勇敢和犹豫、激进和犹豫的两面性。

他的悲剧命运也告诉我们，在做出决定时不要犹豫不决、变化无常，要有坚定的信念和果断的行动。

哈姆雷特也提醒我们要对自己的行为负责，不要让内心的挣扎和矛盾影响到他人的命运。

哈姆雷特复仇与疯狂的悲剧

哈姆雷特复仇与疯狂的悲剧哈姆雷特是莎士比亚最具代表性的悲剧之一，讲述了一个继位王的复仇故事。

剧中通过描绘主人公哈姆雷特的心理疯狂，反映了复仇所带来的摧毁和破坏。

本文将从复仇的动因、疯狂的表现以及悲剧的意义三个方面进行论述。

一、复仇的动因哈姆雷特的父亲被其叔叔克劳迪斯谋杀，克劳迪斯篡位成为新国王并娶了哈姆雷特的母亲。

哈姆雷特得知真相后，决定为父亲复仇。

这个动因使得哈姆雷特的人生陷入了复杂而黑暗的泥沼。

复仇是人类内心的一种强大冲动，特别是当正义感受到侵犯时。

哈姆雷特意识到自己是复仇的工具，他陷入了矛盾与挣扎之中。

他觉得复仇是正当的，但却担心将自己陷入罪恶的深渊。

这种内心的冲突导致了哈姆雷特的疯狂展现。

二、疯狂的表现在整个剧中，哈姆雷特不断表现出疯狂的行为和言语。

他穿着不整齐，满脸痛苦地咆哮和吼叫。

他的言语也变得不连贯，时而讽刺，时而怀疑。

这种疯狂的表现让人不禁怀疑哈姆雷特的理智。

然而，哈姆雷特的疯狂并非没有依据。

他处于极度的精神压力之下，不仅需要面对父亲的死亡和复仇的责任，还需要应对自己深爱的女人奥菲莉娅的死亡。

这些打击使得哈姆雷特的心理无法承受，最终导致了他的疯狂。

三、悲剧的意义哈姆雷特的悲剧并非仅仅是个人命运的悲惨，更是对于人性的深刻思考和对社会现实的警示。

哈姆雷特原本是一个理智、善良的年轻人，但在复仇的过程中他逐渐被黑暗侵蚀。

他陷入了一个迷局，无法脱身。

这种无助和挣扎，反映了人性的弱点和人们在面对复杂事物时的矛盾和无奈。

另一方面，哈姆雷特所处的世界也充满了虚伪和权谋。

他的父亲被谋杀，国家被篡夺，宫廷中充斥着谎言和欺骗。

这种社会现实使得哈姆雷特深陷其中，不知道如何面对。

正是这种社会背景对哈姆雷特产生了重大影响，使得他的复仇之路变得更加艰难。

总的来说，哈姆雷特是一个兼具复仇与疯狂的悲剧。

通过哈姆雷特的故事，我们可以深刻地理解复仇的摧毁性和疯狂的危害。

悲剧的意义不仅在于让我们反思人性的弱点和社会的虚伪，更在于警示我们要远离复仇的陷阱，寻求和平与宽容。

哈姆雷特命运与宿命的悲剧

哈姆雷特命运与宿命的悲剧哈姆雷特是威廉·莎士比亚的一部经典悲剧戏剧作品，通过主角哈姆雷特的故事，展现了命运与宿命的主题。

在剧中，哈姆雷特感受到了命运的无情和宿命的限制，这最终导致了他的悲剧结局。

一、命运的无情在哈姆雷特的故事中，我们可以看到命运的无情。

哈姆雷特作为丹麦王子，本应继承王位，过上幸福快乐的生活。

然而，他却被卷入了一系列的悲剧事件，命运对他进行了无情的考验。

首先，哈姆雷特的父亲遭到谋杀，而他的叔叔克劳狄斯篡夺了王位。

这个不公正的局面使得哈姆雷特深陷困境，他不仅要处理家庭矛盾，还要承受被剥夺权利的痛苦。

其次，哈姆雷特的母亲忽视了父亲的死亡，很快就和克劳狄斯结婚。

这对哈姆雷特来说无疑是一个沉重的打击，他对母亲的背叛感到绝望和愤怒。

命运让他在家庭关系中承受了巨大的痛苦。

最后，哈姆雷特遇到了奥菲莉亚的悲剧。

奥菲莉亚是他的心上人，但她却因为父亲的死亡和她自身的精神崩溃而自杀。

哈姆雷特无法接受这一事实，他在命运的捉弄下失去了摯愛，進一步陷入了绝望。

二、宿命的限制除了命运的无情，宿命的限制也是哈姆雷特悲剧的重要元素。

在剧中，哈姆雷特觉得自己被宿命束缚，无法逃脱。

首先，哈姆雷特被揭示了一个来自鬼魂的真相，他的父亲被克劳狄斯谋杀。

在这个瞬间，哈姆雷特被宿命的厄运所笼罩，他感觉自己被推到了复仇的道路上，无法违背宿命的安排。

其次，哈姆雷特面临着复仇之路上的重重考验和困境。

他必须找到证据，揭露克劳狄斯的罪行。

然而，他的行动和思绪却受到宿命的限制，他不断陷入迟疑和焦虑的状态。

最后，哈姆雷特在戏剧结局中面临了他自己的悲惨命运。

在最后决斗中，他与克劳狄斯同时中剧毒，成为致命的牺牲品。

宿命注定了哈姆雷特的悲剧命运，无论他如何努力，都无法改变自己的命运。

结论通过对哈姆雷特的命运与宿命的探讨，我们可以看到命运和宿命在悲剧中的力量。

哈姆雷特的故事告诉我们，命运是无情的，宿命是限制的。

尽管哈姆雷特试图抗争，但最终还是无法改变自己的命运。

浅析哈姆雷特的悲剧

论哈姆雷特的悲剧【摘要】《哈姆雷特》是莎士比亚的经典悲剧。

讲述了丹麦王子哈姆雷特复仇的故事，在整个过程中，主人公的悲剧让读者值得思考，本文将对悲剧根源，悲剧意义进行分析。

【关键词】哈姆雷特；悲剧性格；悲剧根源；悲剧意义一、引言《哈姆雷特》作为莎士比亚著名的四大悲剧之一，在西方文学史上占有重要的地位。

它主要讲述了主人公哈姆雷特丹麦王国一位年轻有为的王子，他有魄力、好思索、接近人民、对人类抱有美好的希望。

他正在德国的威登堡大学学习，国内传来噩耗，父王突然惨死，叔叔克劳斯迪篡夺王位，母亲改嫁克劳斯迪。

哈姆雷特回国奔丧，在一天深夜，他在城堡里见到了父亲的鬼魂，父亲的鬼魂告诉了他自己被害的经过。

哈姆雷特知道真相后，精神恍惚，他整天穿着黑色的丧服，一心想着复仇。

这样的开始演变成一个悲剧的结局。

哈姆雷特是一个处于现实和理想矛盾中的人文主义者，曾经对天地万物、人与社会都充满了美好的希望。

但是现实的严酷与丑恶打破了他的美好理想，他的人文主义的信念破灭了。

作为一个人文主义者，哈姆雷特在复仇道路上的犹豫，显示了他所代表的人文主义与封建势力的悬殊。

渐渐地他的性格也显得悲剧，已然不再是那个快乐的王子。

同时，借此表现了作者对文艺复兴运动的反思与对人的命运与未来社会的忧虑。

哈姆雷特是文艺复兴时期人文主义思想者的典型。

虽然他在剧中一出场就是一个身著黑衣、一脸肃穆的忧郁王子，但“剧前期”的哈姆雷特可是一个在人文主义思想策源地的威登堡大学学习的快乐王子，他对人类充满了理性的信念：“人类是一件多么了不得的杰作！多么高贵的理性！多么伟大的能力！多么优美的仪表！多么文雅的举动！在行为上多么像一个天使，在智慧上多么像一个天神！宇宙的精华！万物的灵长！”可是他对世界倏然改观：哈姆雷特心目中理想化的君主——老哈姆雷特突然亡故，猥琐而卑鄙的叔父克劳狄斯却登上王位；他的母亲的爱情理想又为改嫁的母亲所玷污；盛大的结婚笙乐使哈姆雷特看到了民族的致命缺陷，而老臣新贵们纷纷向新王献媚邀宠更使哈姆雷特感受到了人情的冷暖、世态的炎凉。

莎士比亚《哈姆雷特》中主人公性格悲剧解读

莎士比亚《哈姆雷特》中主人公性格悲剧解读莎士比亚的《哈姆雷特》是世界文学史上最伟大的悲剧之一，而其中的主人公哈姆雷特更是备受人们关注和思考的对象。

哈姆雷特的性格在整部戏剧中扮演着至关重要的角色，他的矛盾、犹豫、痛苦和悲剧命运都让人深思。

在本文中，将对哈姆雷特的性格进行深入解读，探讨他的悲剧性格是如何造成他的命运的。

哈姆雷特的性格犹豫不决。

在整个故事中，哈姆雷特表现出了极端的犹豫不决和矛盾的性格。

他在担任国王时的态度和行为，如何处理他父亲被谋杀的事件，以及对自己的爱情和亲人的态度都表现出了他内心深处的犹豫。

这种犹豫不决的性格使得他在面对各种问题和困境时常常踌躇不前，进而导致他错失了许多机会，甚至最终走上了悲剧的道路。

这种性格的犹豫和矛盾在某种程度上反映了他内心深处的挣扎和痛苦，同时也是他悲剧性格的一个重要组成部分。

哈姆雷特的性格执着固执。

尽管哈姆雷特在面对许多问题时表现出了犹豫和矛盾，但他在某些事情上又表现出了执着和固执。

在得知父亲被谋杀后，他决定要报仇，并且不惜一切代价。

在追求奥菲莉娅时，他也表现出了执着的一面，尽管结果并不如他所愿。

这种执着固执的性格使得他在一些问题上变得决绝和坚定，但同时也使得他在另一些问题上陷入了犹豫和混乱之中。

这种性格的矛盾和冲突，不仅给他自己带来了痛苦和困惑，也成为了他悲剧性格的重要构成部分。

哈姆雷特的性格敏感多疑。

在整个故事中，哈姆雷特表现出了极度的敏感和多疑，对他人的行为和动机总是怀疑和揣测。

他对克劳狄斯的猜疑和对奥菲莉娅的猜疑，都表现出了他的敏感和多疑。

这种敏感多疑的性格使得他对周围的人和事产生了极大的困扰和痛苦，同时也使得他的生活充满了挣扎和不安。

这种性格的敏感和多疑，使得他在整个故事中一直处于一种扭曲和痛苦的状态，最终也成为了他悲剧性格的一个重要特征。

哈姆雷特的性格忧郁孤独。

整个戏剧中，哈姆雷特都表现出了极度的忧郁和孤独。

他对生活和世界的观察总是充满了悲观和忧郁，对自己的命运也总是感到寂寞和孤独。

《哈姆雷特》悲剧原因的分析

130《哈姆雷特》悲剧原因的分析曾嘉懿娄底三中摘要：《哈姆雷特》是英国著名戏剧家莎士比亚在文艺复兴所创作的一部典型的西方戏剧，同时也是莎士比亚四大悲剧之一，通过对《哈姆雷特》这部作品的阅读与思考，人们都能够切实的感受到其中强烈的悲剧色彩，但对于造成这些悲剧的原因，一直以来却都有着很多不同的解释。

为此，本文对《哈姆雷特》这部悲剧作品的内容与创作背景入手，对其悲剧的原因展开了分析，并提出了一些自己的见解。

关键词：哈姆雷特；悲剧；莎士比亚戏剧《哈姆雷特》完成于十七世纪初的英国文艺复兴时期，其创作过程历时三年，篇幅也是莎士比亚所有戏剧作品中最长的一部，全书以中世纪丹麦王廷为背景，主要讲述了作为王子的主角哈姆雷特在父亲被叔父谋害后，调查凶手并展开复仇的故事，因而又名《王子复仇记》。

该剧对文艺复兴晚期的欧洲社会进行了真实再现，同时也体现了莎士比亚对于人类命运的思考，是一部具有深刻悲剧意义的西方文学作品。

一、时代特征铸就的悲剧纵观《哈姆雷特》全剧，莎士比亚虽然将主人公哈姆雷特为父报仇的历程作为了剧情主线，但在主线剧情逐步展开的过程中，也同样向读者展现了中世纪阶段动荡不安的欧洲社会，以及淫乱、黑暗的丹麦宫廷，而这个“混乱”的时代，则恰恰是铸就剧中一个又一个悲剧的主要原因[1]。

身为王子的哈姆雷特深受文艺复兴时期的人文主义思想影响，崇尚自由以及人性解放，在他的眼中，人性的光辉就仿佛是“宇宙的净化”，是那样的神圣，同时无论是人本身，还是由人组成的社会，都应该是和谐而美好的。

然而在这个黑暗的时代，理想与现实往往相去甚远，他渴望纯洁的爱情，与美丽而纯真的姑娘奥菲莉亚坠入了爱河，但现实却告诉他，要想为父亲报仇，奥菲莉亚只能成为复仇计划中的一部分；他向往着亲密的友情，但他的同学罗生克兰与盖登思邓且成为了杀父仇人克劳狄斯的爪牙；在他的印象里，母亲是美丽而又慈祥的，但在奔丧归来后他却发现，父亲尸骨未寒，而母亲已经改嫁成为了克劳狄斯的女人。

哈姆雷特悲剧人物分析读书笔记

哈姆雷特悲剧人物分析读书笔记《哈姆雷特》是莎士比亚最著名的悲剧之一，主人公哈姆雷特的形象深入人心，他的悲剧命运令人扼腕叹息。

在阅读这部作品的过程中，我对哈姆雷特这一人物进行了深入的思考和分析。

哈姆雷特是一个充满矛盾和复杂性的人物。

他原本是一个聪明、勇敢、有理想的王子，但父亲的突然离世和母亲的改嫁，让他的世界瞬间崩塌。

面对这一系列的打击，他陷入了深深的痛苦和迷茫之中。

他的矛盾首先体现在他的复仇心理上。

父亲的鬼魂告诉他，自己是被叔父克劳狄斯谋杀的，哈姆雷特于是立下了复仇的誓言。

然而，他的内心却充满了犹豫和挣扎。

一方面，他对父亲的死充满了悲愤，复仇的欲望在心中燃烧；另一方面，他又对复仇的行为感到恐惧和不安，担心自己的行动会带来不可预料的后果。

这种内心的矛盾使他在复仇的道路上举棋不定，错失了许多机会。

哈姆雷特的复杂性还体现在他对人性和世界的看法上。

他曾经是一个对世界充满美好幻想的年轻人，但现实的残酷让他开始怀疑一切。

他感叹：“丹麦是一所牢狱。

”他看到了人性的丑恶和虚伪，对人类的道德和伦理产生了深深的质疑。

这种对世界的悲观认识，使他在行动中更加犹豫不决，也让他的内心承受了巨大的痛苦。

此外，哈姆雷特的爱情也充满了悲剧色彩。

他深爱着奥菲莉亚，但他的复仇使命和内心的痛苦让他无法正常地表达自己的感情。

他时而对奥菲莉亚冷漠无情，时而又深情款款，这种反复无常的态度让奥菲莉亚陷入了痛苦和绝望之中，最终导致了她的死亡。

哈姆雷特的悲剧命运不仅仅是个人的，也是社会的。

当时的丹麦社会充满了黑暗和腐败，封建势力强大，正义无法得到伸张。

哈姆雷特的复仇行动在这样的社会环境中显得格外艰难，他的努力最终也无法改变社会的现状。

从性格方面来看，哈姆雷特的优柔寡断是导致他悲剧命运的一个重要原因。

他过于思考和分析，缺乏果断的行动能力。

当机会摆在面前时，他总是犹豫不决，错过了最佳的复仇时机。

同时，他的过于理想化也让他无法适应现实的残酷，在面对复杂的情况时，往往不知所措。

悲剧的无奈：《哈姆雷特》的命运观

悲剧的无奈：《哈姆雷特》的命运观《哈姆雷特》是莎士比亚创作的一部著名戏剧，被公认为是世界戏剧史上的巅峰之作。

本剧中的命运观是一条贯穿始终的主题，探讨了人类与命运的斗争、无奈与挣扎。

本文将从多个角度分析《哈姆雷特》所体现的悲剧命运观。

首先，我们可以从主人公哈姆雷特的命运观入手。

哈姆雷特是一位理智而敏感的青年，不断思考着生活的意义以及他自己的命运。

在剧中，哈姆雷特遭遇了连续的不幸，包括父亲之死、母亲的再婚以及由此引发的一系列事件。

面对种种悲剧，哈姆雷特开始怀疑命运的公正与正义，他认为自己受制于命运的安排，无法摆脱其中的困境。

这种认识在他的名言“人生就是一台悲剧”中得到了充分的体现。

其次，剧中的命运观还通过众多角色的命运遭遇进行了深入的探讨。

例如，波罗尼斯和拉尔特两位贵族的命运皆因与卑劣的国王克劳狄斯的纠葛而悲惨收场。

玛丽什女王依附于权力者，最终也遭受到了相同的命运。

这些角色的命运都受到了外界力量的制约与左右，无法自主选择自己的命运。

这在戏剧中体现了命运的无奈性，呈现了悲剧的深层次含义。

此外，剧中的命运观还反映在剧情的结构和发展上。

《哈姆雷特》中的命运对于人物的发展和故事的走向起到了至关重要的作用。

主要人物的冲突、迷失和痛苦都源于对命运的探索和质疑。

而正是他们对命运的无奈和挣扎，构成了剧中扣人心弦的故事线。

尤其是哈姆雷特与命运的较量，通过自省和怀疑，最终达到了对人生的深刻领悟。

最后，通过《哈姆雷特》所传达的命运观，我们也可以更深入地思考人类存在的意义和命运的掌握。

本剧提醒我们，面对命运的无奈，我们不应该完全被动地接受，而是应该保持理智和勇气，积极寻求挽救和解脱的途径。

尽管命运对于个体而言有时是无法预测和控制的，但我们仍然需要坚守自己的信念，寻找生命的价值与意义。

总之，《哈姆雷特》是一部具有深刻命运观的悲剧作品，通过主人公和其他角色的遭遇以及故事的发展，探究了人类与命运的纠葛、无奈与挣扎。

在这个作品中，莎士比亚向我们揭示了存在于我们命运中的冷酷和无常，引导我们思考人生的意义和我们与命运的关系。

浅论哈姆雷特的悲剧性

浅论哈姆雷特的悲剧性文艺复兴是欧洲近代文学的开端，揭示了一个新的时代的到来，在众多作家竞相灿烂时，莎士比亚无疑是最耀眼的，不愧为世界一流的文学大师。

初中时就读过他的《哈姆雷特》，最近在观看了电影《哈姆雷特》并听取了老师对其的解析后，我对哈姆雷特的悲剧性有了新的认识。

一、其悲剧性源于其封建贵族的阶级性。

在老国王哈姆雷特未死之前，哈姆雷特王子是娇嫩而高贵的，他对人类充满美好的看法“人类是多么了不起的杰作，多么高贵的理性。

”可是当他陷入家庭的不幸之中时，宝贵的生活理想开始破灭了，父亲意外死亡，叔叔继承王位，母亲匆匆改嫁，这使得他对人间的一切都充满了失望和犹豫，作为一个出身封建王室，从小就享受贵族特权的王子，此时却要挑起与本阶级抗争，并重整乾坤的重任，这未免有些强人所难，而这也正是哈姆雷特在得知鬼魂告知的真相后，迟迟无法动手的根本原因。

二、其悲剧性源于宗教性。

哈姆雷特把父亲视作古典美德的化身，父亲的鬼魂要求哈姆雷特复仇，但要恪守基督教的准则:“切不可玷污你的心灵，也不要去追究你的母亲。

”老哈姆雷特愿儿子做一个基督教英雄——即一个有良心的英雄。

精心策划的哈姆雷特最终还是失败了，他谋求复仇却导致葛楚德身死。

尽管早早便确知克劳狄乌斯的罪过，但在基督教的要求下，他还是无法做到雷厉风行，只能处于被动，最终虽得以报杀父之仇，却也落的自己身死，王位让于挪威。

三、其人文主义者自身的弱点导致了悲剧性。

哈姆雷特作为人文主义者，他不满于现实中的种种罪恶现象，颂扬美好的事物，虔信友谊，爱情，善良，德行等，认为这些才是人类的天性，认为这些美德才是改变现实中的邪恶，实现美好愿望的巨大力量。

因此他并不愿意利用社会阶级矛盾，通过暴力和流血斗争解决问题，对于叔父克劳狄斯的罪行，哈姆雷特选择用人文主义者的理性来感化他，可是对于一个王位篡夺者、道德败坏者来说，这只是徒劳。

最终只能悲剧的与敌人同归于尽。

四、脱离人民群众的个人奋斗造成了哈姆雷特的悲剧性。

莎士比亚《哈姆雷特》中主人公性格悲剧解读

莎士比亚《哈姆雷特》中主人公性格悲剧解读莎士比亚的《哈姆雷特》被誉为世界文学史上最伟大的作品之一，而主人公哈姆雷特的性格也成为文学界和戏剧界长期关注的焦点。

哈姆雷特的性格复杂而多面，他充满着矛盾和痛苦，一方面是聪明机智、深思熟虑，另一方面却是情绪化、犹豫不决。

这个矛盾的性格成为了其悲剧命运的根源。

本文将从《哈姆雷特》中主人公的性格特点入手，解读哈姆雷特的悲剧性格，并探讨他的悲剧命运是如何由其性格所引发的。

哈姆雷特是一个极具思考和矛盾的人物。

在我们第一次见到哈姆雷特时，他就已经表现出了他的深思熟虑和丰富的内心世界。

在他对尼刺父亲的死亡产生疑问和对母亲的再婚表示不满的情节中，透露出了他对世界的深刻思考和对道德的关注。

正是这种深思熟虑，让哈姆雷特难以做出决断。

在接受了父亲的鬼魂指示后，哈姆雷特陷入了犹豫和痛苦之中，他不知道是否应该相信鬼魂的指示，也不知道是否应该报仇。

这种矛盾和犹豫成为了哈姆雷特性格的突出特点，也成为了导致其悲剧命运的根源。

哈姆雷特是一个情感丰富的角色。

在整个剧情中，哈姆雷特的情感更替剧烈，时而愤怒，时而忧伤，时而兴奋，时而痛苦。

这种丰富的情感使得他的性格更加矛盾和复杂。

尤其是在他对待奥菲莉娅和其母亲的关系中，哈姆雷特表现出了极端的情感波动。

他对奥菲莉娅表现出的爱恨交织，以及对母亲重新婚姻的愤怒，体现了他的情感丰富和复杂。

这些情感的波动不仅给他自己带来了痛苦，也对他的周围人产生了极大的影响。

哈姆雷特对友谊和忠诚也有着极其强烈的情感体验，他对好友霍瑞西的信任和对其死亡的痛苦都展现了他的情感丰富。

这种丰富的情感使得他在行动时常常受到情感的驱使，而不是理性的思考，这也加剧了他的矛盾和悲剧性格。

哈姆雷特是一个充满犹豫和矛盾的人物。

在整个剧情中，哈姆雷特时而表现出果断和勇敢，时而又表现出优柔寡断和犹豫不决。

尤其是在他执行父亲的报仇计划时，哈姆雷特的犹豫和矛盾表现得淋漓尽致。

他对自己的犹豫感到羞愧和痛苦，但又无法摆脱这种犹豫。

莎士比亚《哈姆雷特》中主人公性格悲剧解读

莎士比亚《哈姆雷特》中主人公性格悲剧解读
哈姆雷特的性格是十分复杂的。

他是一个聪明、敏感且反思深沉的人，善于观察和理解。

他也是一个犹豫不决、深感痛苦的人物。

他在面临复仇的决策时陷入了艰难的困境，
他不确定自己是否应该相信幽灵所说的话，害怕通过复仇来维护正义时可能会带来的后果。

他的内心斗争使他不能轻易采取行动，这也给了他的敌人充足的机会来破坏他的计划。

哈
姆雷特的复杂性和犹豫不决也是他最终走向悲剧的原因之一。

哈姆雷特的性格中还显现出了他的冲动和情感世界的极度波动。

他对于自己父亲的死
感到深深的悲伤和愤怒，为此他对世界产生了极度的厌恶感。

当他遇到奥菲利娅，他恢复
了一时间快乐和浪漫的一面，并表达了对她的深深爱意。

在这段感情中，他又被背叛和伤害。

所有这些情感的波动使哈姆雷特的心灵备受摧残，进一步加深了他的痛苦。

哈姆雷特的性格也体现了他的悲剧命运。

他是一个具有一定英雄能力的人，他有思考
问题和行动的能力，他却被自己的犹豫不决和内心的斗争所束缚。

他最终没有采取果断的
行动来完成复仇，反而导致了许多人的死亡，包括他自己。

哈姆雷特的悲剧命运告诫了我
们不能被犹豫和犹豫所困扰，而是要果断行动来追求自己的目标。

浅谈哈姆莱特

浅谈《哈姆莱特》彭悦英语学院 2013级 8班 20201338010061****************浅谈《哈姆莱特》摘要：“一千个读者，就有一千这个个哈姆莱特”，这句话广为流传，其字面意思就是我们每个人对《哈姆莱特》这个作品都有自己的理解和感悟；这句话用莎士比亚自己的话来理解就是：他的作品就是“给自然照一面镜子，给德行看一看自己的面目，给荒唐看一看自己的姿态，给时代和社会看一看自己的形象和印记”。

今日，我想要浅谈一番这部经久不衰的伟大著作《哈姆莱特》。

关键词：悲剧人文主义哈姆莱特一．哈姆莱特的悲剧美《哈姆莱特》是莎士比亚四大悲剧之一，亚里士多德在他的著作《诗学》提出了悲剧史上第一个悲剧概念，在《诗学》第六章i里说到：悲剧是对于一个严肃，完整，有一定长度的行动的摹仿；他的媒介是语言，具有各种悦耳之音，分别在剧的各部分使用：摹仿方式是借人物的动作来表达，而不是采用叙述法；引起怜悯与恐惧来使这种情感得到陶冶。

悲剧具有一种深刻的美，悲剧存在的意义就在于，它不只是为了赢得人们一掬同情的眼泪，而是要通过悲剧产生、发展、结局的整个过程唤起人们对生命意义的严肃思索。

悲剧的前提是人的巨大痛苦、不幸和死亡，是人生有价值的东西的毁灭，如果没有这一前题，悲剧本身的意义也就不复存在。

然而，并不是人的所有痛苦、不幸和死亡都具有悲剧性，如果把任何人的痛苦、不幸和死亡都看成是悲剧，那么无疑是对悲剧意义的肤浅理解。

悲剧人物这种痛苦、不幸和死亡，作为一定历史发展的一定规律性的表现时，才构成悲剧，才使悲剧人物身上具有一种深刻而隽永的美。

莎士比亚所塑造的哈姆雷特这一艺术形象及时性格特点，正是遵循了以上悲剧艺术的特征，从而使哈姆雷特的塑造取得了巨大的成功。

在《哈姆雷特》这一不朽剧作中，始终存在着善良与邪恶之间一系列激烈的矛盾冲突。

哈姆雷特作为该剧的主要角色，他的命运不可避免地处于这激烈矛盾冲突的漩涡之中。

身为王子的哈姆雷特被莎翁塑造为生命之美的典型，他热爱生命，认为：“人类是一件多么了不起的杰作，多么高贵的理性，多么伟大的力量，多么优美的仪表，多么文雅的举动，在行为上多么象一个天使，在智慧上多么象一个天神，宇宙的精华，万物的灵长！”。

《哈姆雷特》中的悲剧原因分析

摘要：《哈姆雷特》是莎士比亚戏剧创作中最杰出的代表作，著名的四大悲剧之一，又是莎士比亚戏剧艺术成熟的标志。

该剧以丰富的时代内涵、生动的人物形象、复杂的矛盾冲突以及曲折多变的故事情节，给人们留下深刻的印象，吸引着他们对其不断的进行解读。

本篇文章旨在从情节、人物、矛盾冲突等多方面分析《哈姆雷特》戏剧中的悲剧色彩。

透过复杂的故事情节，该剧展示了十六世纪英国的动荡与混乱。

该剧中任务众多，不同的任务有不同的性格，也反映了当时不同层次、身份的任务的特征以及他们的人生观。

从而决定了他们最终的归宿。

剧中哈姆雷特与克劳狄斯的斗争是新兴资产阶级人文主义者与日趋反动的封建王权代表任务之间的斗争，反映了文艺复兴时期先进人物为实现美好理想向社会恶势力所进行的斗争。

作为文艺复兴的核心，人文主义在当时是一种新兴思潮，但却遭到失败。

作为人文主义者的典型代表，哈姆雷特对人类抱有美好的看法。

他相信人类的智慧、高雅和力量。

然而，面对罪恶的现实，他所有的人文主义理想都被彻底破灭。

因而只能以生命的代价换来精神上的胜利。

作为时代的缩影，《哈姆雷特》揭示了人文主义理想破灭的必然性。

关键词：人物悲情；矛盾冲突；人文主义；情节悲剧；王权斗争The Tragedy Aspects in HamletAbstract：As one of Shakespeare’s the four famous tragedies, Hamlet is the most remarkable one. It is also the sign of the maturation in the art of Shakespeare’s play. With abundant connotation of the time, vivid characters, complicated conflict and varied story, Hamlet gives people deep impression and moves them to appreciate it. This article aims to analyze the tragedy aspects in Hamlet from all the aspects of plot, character, conflict, and so on, according to which it reveals more information about England in the period of Renaissance. Based on the complicated plots, Hamlet reveals the confusion of England in 16th. In this play, there are many characters. With different character, each one reflects different feature of different stage and their social status, and also their value of life, which decide their final sufferance. The struggle between Hamlet and Claudius is about the conflict between the newly emerged capital humanists and the feudal evil force, which reflects the humanists’ h ardship for their dreams to come true. As the essence of Renaissance, humanism is a newly emerged thought at that time, but unfortunately, it failed. On behalf of humanists, Hamlet confirms human’s value and dignity, and also the wisdom and power, but in front of the evil reality, all his dreams are destroyed completely. He just gets the spiritual victory with the cost of his life. As the mitigation of the time, Hamlet shows that it is destined to fail for humanists.Key Words：Tragedy of Characters; conflict; humanism; tragedy of plots; fighting for throneIntroductionIt is known that Hamlet is the most remarkable works of Shakespeare in his dramas. It describes a story of a prince’s revenge for his father’s death in Denmark, during which, it reveals human-being different conflicts. With abundant connotation of the time, vivid characters, complicated conflict and varied story, Hamlet gives people deep impression and moves them to appreciate it. There are three simultaneous plots of revenge, from which, the tragedy of characters is described more complicated. There is also some description of characters: Hamlet represents the few number of the advanced person emerging in the feudal society; Claudius, who is the head of the reactionary force, is also a schemer, the model character of double-dealer. He is dissolute, insidious and sham. But finally, such unforgivable man bears what he should do; Ophelia, who is one of the loveliest girls Shakespeare has described, is also a tragedy character in this play. She is kind, but because of her innocent and tenderness, she became the tool which her father used topleasant the King.As one of the four famous tragedies, Hamlet is full of tragedy aspects: it described a disordered world, and also a world with strong self-consciousness, which reflected the modern main parts uncertainness and complication in the period of Renaissance. In such a special time, there are all the kinds of formation: Claudius’s schemes to seize the state power; the ethics between the ghost and his s on; the sincere feelings between Hamlet and Ophelia; friendship’s forsaking with old classmates; simultaneous revenge action; the failure of humanism, and so on. With all the formation organized, it forms Hamlet’s special artistic charm and literal achieve ment, which reveal human-being the tragedy aspects of Hamlet incisively and vividly.I. The General Introduction of the StoryIt is a story of a prince’s revenge for his father’s death in Denmark. The King of Denmark died, young prince Hamlet who was making further education abroad came back to his country. Out of his imagination, his mother married his uncle Claudius just after the old King’s death. A ghost who looked like the old King emerged one night, and told Hamlet that it was Claudius who killed him, so Hamlet vowed to revenge. He began to pretend to be mad, and left his lover Ophelia. To spy upon the reflection of Claudius, Hamlet arranged a play which was drawn by him. Claudius realized it, he sent Hamlet to England, and asked the man who kept watch on Hamlet to give letter to the king of England to have Hamlet died. But Claudius failed; Hamlet came back to his country again. Meanwhile Ophelia was drawn because of her father’s death and her lover Hamlet’s drifting apart of her. Her brother Leartes was very angry; he asked to fight with Hamlet. Then Claudius arranged a sword match for them, in which Hamlet was killed by the poison sword, Laertes was wounded to die. The Queen (Hamlet’s mother) died from the poison wine which was prepared for Hamlet by Claudius. Before death, Laertes told the truth. Finally Hamlet killed Claudius with the cost of his life.II. Three Simultaneous Plots of RevengeIn Hamlet, there are three simultaneous plots of revenge, which give more details to help us learn the tragedy aspects in it. There are three characters: Hamlet, Laertes andFortinbius,all of whose father are killed. Based on the concept of the time, all the three persons should revenge for their relatives. As the same task, because of their own character and outlook of life, there are three different ways. Of the three persons, thereare two groups of comparison: Laertes and Hamlet are both comparatively young men in a court dominated by the Middle Aged; both are described as being popular with the people in Denmark; their common love for Ophelia units them thematically in the fourth act; and the ensuing swordfight which result in both their death makes clear the extent to which they are each other’s opposites; both give themselves the task of revenging the death of a relative; both are spied on by their parents. Young Fortinblas, who has a few similarities to Hamlet: he too is the nephew of a King; he too is any enemy of Claudius; he too is seeking some sort of vengeance following the death of his father.A. Laertes’s Simple Idea to RevengeOf Laertes’s idea to revenge, it can be described as “simple”. He is noble and dignified in his appearance, while in fact there is nothing in is mind. He is impulsive, narrow minded. Though he realizes his error and reveals the evil plot of the King, he loses his life. As he learns the news that his father Polonius was killed, without asking anyone about the reason, hurriedly he comes back to Denmark and arouses the asses to action. Thinking that the King is the sinner of his fathe r’s death,Laretes leads his masses rush into the court and fight with Claudius. We see Laretes does like that, but in fact, he does not love his father at all. He laughs at his father’s weakness, hates that his father asks someone to keep watch on him. Fo r the reason of his father’s death, he has no interest. Suppose Laertes is willing to learn the reason, he would know that the death of Polonius is caused by himself, for he is so positive to interfere the conflict between Hamlet and the King. What’s more, he supports the King. Hamlet is meaningless to kill Polonius, to which Laertes dose not care about, so he decides to revenge without any doubt. He understands the moral from the point of formalism, according to which he takes action. His principle is measure for measure. What Laertes revenges for is the reputation of his relevant and his family. In the face of such requirement, even the King’s order, it should be delayed. Besides, what Laertes revenges for is his ambitions. When he leads his masses to kill the King, he advocates them support him as the King. It is available that Laertes’s revenge is divorced from the essence, he has ulterior motives.B．Fortinblas’s Abandonment to RevengeFortinblas gives up to revenge. In this drama we do not see the Norway prince somany times. Just because of his uncle’s several words, he abandons to revenge for his father’s death. When the Denmark is frightened to wait for Fortinblas’s attack for his father’s death and the lost land, Fortinblas attacks Poland. No matter what causes Fortinblas to give up revenge, we can regard that his father once provoked to his enemy (the King of Denmark) and gave no choice to him. If the King of Denmark did not kill Fortinblas’s father, the person who would be in death now is himself. Fortinblas realizes that he has no ability to fight with Denmark, so he gives up. But what if he is willing to try his best? He abandons absolutely.Leartes and Fortinblas have their own attitude on revenge. One is to obey the requirement of revenge without any conditions, and the other one is to give upabsolutely. Either of them takes hasty action, and also lacks consideration.C. Hamlet’s Hesitation to RevengeSince the ghost of Hamlet’s father tells Hamlet the truth of his death, the task to revenge is en graved on Hamlet’s mind deeply, he vows to revenge. He loves his father so sincerely and deeply. In his mind, his father symbolizes the top of human virtue. What a base action to keep his father in death! Compared with Leartes and Fortinblas, his motive for revenge is stimulated by his love to his father. While it takes along time for him to complete his task, why? There are three main stages:First of all, he puts off all his action until he has positive proof of Claudius’s guilty, during his process, Haml et arranges a play to spy upon Claudius’s response to prove the truth of the ghost’s words. Secondly, he passes up the opportunity to stab Claudius in the back preferring to wait for chance to kill him in a way more fitting. Because of the religion and superstitious belief, killing the enemy who is repenting is to send the evil person to the heaven. It means that he returns good for evil. Thirdly, however, he gets side-tracked. Forced into confrontation with his mother, he kills the eavesdropping Polonius, thinking that it is Claudius he is stabbing. The fact that Hamlet misfires Polonius has two main effects: it makes Hamlet’s own homicidal campaign lose energy---as if some sort of blood lust had been sated. It also forces Hamlet finally out into the open. Rather than suspects, Hamlet is a threat to Claudius. On the excuse of Polonius’s death, Claudius has opportunity to move against Hamlet, which is sending him off to England to be put in death.III. The Tragedy of CharactersA. The Tragedy of Hamlet1. Thr ee Stages of Hamlet’s TragedyOf the character of Hamlet in this drama, it is not still, but changeable as the struggles go on. According to the development of the character, Shakespeare shows us the tragedy of Hamlet, which is described in three stages logically.The first stage is about his happiness time, during which he studies in Wittenberg. In that period, he has wonderful dream on humanism. To him the world is so bright, charming. In his mind, his father is on behalf perfect man. He also believes that the harmonious relationship between human would come true sooner or later. The second stage of Hamlet is about his dejection and hesitation. Hamlet is so puzzled by the conflict between humanism idea and the gloom reality. When we firstly see the prince, Hamlet appears as a dejected person. He is shrouded by sadness; he does not know where to look for happiness of life. When he realizes all the crimes in the court of Denmark, all his wishes of life have been changed. He decides to change the society, but in action he hesitates. The third stage is about his decision to take activities, which is after the play arranged by Hamlet himself. He can not bear the crime of reality any more. In his own words, he would fill his mind with bloody thoughts. Althoug h Hamlet revenges for his father’s death in the end, he does not achieve the purpose to remove the evil force thoroughly, even he loses his life.2. Hamlet’s DeathHamlet’s death is also his tragedy. It is destined for Hamlet to end with his death, which i s caused by both internal and external course; it is not comprehensive to emphasize either of them. As one of his challengeable enemy, Claudius is on behalf of the evil force; his crime is collected with all the society’s darkness. Hamlet is eager to wipe out such evil force and revenge for his father’s death. But it can not be solved only by having Claudius died, of course to achieve which is not easy. To remove the evil force which is commonly existed in the society and reverses the situation is more diff icult. What Hamlet is hesitating “is not what he should do, but how to do it.” Judging from the objective aspect, Hamlet’s enemy is not only Claudius, and also some villains. As a new style of thought of a newly emerging capitalist class, humanism just exists as a power of thought at that time, which is far away to match with the feudal evil force. The bourgeoisie revolution in England happened in 17th century, judging from the feature of the time, Hamlet’s death is destined. Judging from the character of him, Hamlet has the most weakness which dominates his action. Because of his prince social position, there is no communication with people. Although he has sympathy to them, he also learns people are angry to the evil force, and they also keep hope on him, he is unwilling to corporate with people. What he believes is his own ability; what’s more, in his mind he is the only person who can complete such hard task, which is the root of Hamlet’s social tragedy. So Hamlet’s tragedy is of an advanced humanist’s fa ilure to struggle with powerful evil force of him, of the time, which has strong classic meaning.B．he Tragedy of ClaudiusClaudius, who is the head of the reactionary force, is also a schemer, the model character of double-dealer. He is on behalf of the feudal evil force. He kills his older brother, becomes the new King of Denmark, and marries his sister-in-law. What a dissolute gay! He indulges in creature comforts. Although he is so pleased with himself, when he meets Hamlet, who is in mourning apparel, he is frightened, even it is in his new wedding banquet, he can not conceal the fear which is from his inner heart.Claudius lies that the old King (Hamlet’s father) died of a poisonous snake, and then he takes the place of Hamlet’s succeeding to the thro ne. While on the surface, he pretends to care Hamlet very much, treats Hamlet as his own son. He also promises Hamlet that he would let him inherit in the future. In the reply to Hamlet’s outburst, Claudius uses language which seems to be calculated to tak e into account both sides of a question. On one hand, He tells Hamlet that it is ‘sweet and commendable’ of him to be so obviously affected by his father’s death. On the other hand, he continues mourning must end sooner or later, and life must go on. Thus, Claudius’s answer to Hamlet appears at first sight to be the epitome of reasonableness, a balanced combination of sensitivity and down-to-earth common sense.‘Tis sweet and commendable in your nature, Hamlet,To give this mourning duties to your fatherBut you must know your father lost a father,That father lost, lost his-and the survivor boundIn filial obligation for some temTo do obsequious sorrow. But to persevereIn obstinate condolement is a courseOf impious stubbornness, ‘tis unmanly gr ief,It shows a will most incorrect to heaven,A heart unfortified, a mind impatient,An understanding simple and unschool’d,For what we know must be, and is as commonAs any the most vulgar thing to sense---Why should we in our peevish oppositionTake it to heart? Fie, ‘tis a fault to heaven,A fault against the dead, a fault to nature,To reason most absurd, whose common themeIs death of fathers, and who still hath cried?From the first cores till he that died today,‘This must be so’. (Hamlet, 87-106)When people actually look at the different weight which Claudius gives to the two opposite parts of his argument as his speech develops, it can be realized that Claudius’s ‘balance’ is actually nothing of kind. It is just because that he is under a great deal of strain, and that he is far less in control of the situation than he wants his audience to believe. In another words, Claudius, because he is in a public situation, needs to be a little tactful towards Hamlet, and thus compliments him on his swee t and commendable nature, and assures him that he regards him ‘with no less nobility of love/Then that which the dearest father bears his son’. (Hamlet, II, 110,-II). But Claudius is, after all, King, and his power is absolute. He tries all the ways to eliminate Hamlet, who is regarded to treat him very much. Because Hamlet is deeply loved by people, even pirate is willing to help him, Claudius could not kill him by any reason, he should be very careful. To spy whether Hamlet is mad or not, Claudius asks tw o of Hamlet’s classmates to keep watch on him. Meanwhile, as bait, Ophelia is used to spy upon Hamlet’s inner secrets. After the play, which is arranged by Hamlet, Claudius exposes his guilty conscience thoroughly. Then he plans to murder with a borrowed knife to remove Hamlet for another try. On the excuse of Hamlet’s safety, Claudius sends him toEngland, in secret he asks the man who keeps watch on Hamlet to convey his requirement of having Hamlet died to the King of England. But finally he failed. Then he incited Laertes to revenge for his father’s death, because of which, Hamlet dies from the poison sword.Claudius is dissolute, insidious and sham, while on surface he pretends so kind. Of his character, Shakespeare shows us all the kinds of hideous features of feudal tyrant and the careerist of capitalist class during the time of original accomplishment. But finally, such unforgivable man bears what he should do.C. The Tragedy of OpheliaOphelia, who is one of the loveliest girls Shakespeare has described, is also a tragedy character in this play. She is kind, but because of her innocent and her tenderness, she became the tool which her father used to pleasant the King. She is the victim of feudalism. Her thoughts is tightly bounded it. She believes truth, beauty and kindness, she really loves Hamlet, but she also becomes the tool of Claudius to spy uponthe inner secret of Hamlet when Hamlet is mad. When her father tells her to left Hamlet,she promises him without words. Ophelia is drawn at the end of this drama. It is eventually Ophelia whose madness leads to her actual suicide. But it is clearly that the person who caused Ophelia’s death is the King and her father. Ophelia is also the v ictim of the political. Is there any other reason? Of course that is the feudalism. Ophelia’s death stimulates people to detest the hateful power, and also evokes people’s sympathy for good things, which people have destroyed. IV. The Failure of HumanismA. The Conflict between Humanism and RealityThe Renaissance reached its high tide in 16th century, so did the Humanism. As the fundamental key of Renaissance, the essence of humanism is that human have the right to seek for freedom to advocate the rationa lism and to gain people’s position and development in the world. The elements of humanism are to establish the central status, of human beings, their dignity value, to advocate the spirit of rationalism and science, to protest the super role of God admired during the Middle Ages. In the literature of 16th in England, it was play got the best achievement, so there are so many good works. To some extent, a play is the reflection of the society. The history of 16th century is filled with struggle and conflict, which between the capitalism and feudalism.Hamlet is a humanist, a man who is free from the medieval prejudices and super station. He has an unbounded love for the world instead of the Heaven. As one of humanists, Hamlet cherishes a profound reverence fo r man, and he believes in human’s power and destiny:What a piece of work is human; how noble in reason;How infinite in faculty, in form and movingHow express and admirable; in action how like an angel;In apprehension how like a god! (Hamlet,85-96)From such ebullient words, vivid figure of speech, it is clear that Hamlet confirms human’s value and dignity, and also the wisdom and power, wherever exists humanism. He believes that human is valuable, energetic. He regards that the relationship between human being should be equal, and everyone should be respected. He takes “love” to instead of people’s loyalty to him, and the principle of equality and love to the relationship of feudal grade. According to his thought, character, appearance and expression, either of which shows us that he is the model of a perfect humanist. In his mind, his father (the old Hamlet) is a model of human. To love, friendship and life, Hamlet has his own humanism view. And he himself, just as Ophelia’s description, is a youngprinc e of humanism, such a lovely prince, there’s no doubt that anyone would not love him. Even Claudius, his enemy, has to admit that he is loved by the “silly” people, and the ordinary people would have good opinion to him. While at the beginning of the play, Hamlet is covered by the misfortune of his family. He adores and loves his father very much, but he died; he also loves his mother, while very quickly (“A little month, or ere those shoes were old, with which she follow’d my poor father’s body,”) she marr ies his uncle (the new King). The faithful love, friendship, and all a humanist’s valuable dreams began to be destroyed. He laments: “Fraity, thy name is woman!” To find out the reason of his father’s death, Hamlet pretends to be mad. Out of his imaginatio n, his old classmates and friends, even his lover, Ophelia, become Claudius’s accessories. In front of the evil reality, his humanism dream is destroyed completely. He even thinks about “to be or not to be”:To be, or not to be, that is the question:Whet her ‘tis nobler in the mind to sufferThe slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,Or to take arms against a sea of troublesAnd by opposing end them. To die---to sleep,No more; and by a sleep to say we endThe heartache and the thousand natural shocksTh at flesh is heir to: ‘tis a consummation Devoutly to be wish’d. To die, to sleep;To sleep, perchance to dream---ay, there’s the rub……(Hamlet, 152-180)B. The Failure of Hamlet’s TaskWhat Hamlet is able to do is to reveal the reality that the society is not reasonable and it must be changed, not how to solve such fundamental question; to move the crime existing in the world, not how to wipe out it. Because of the limitation of time and class, humanist does not have the ability which is needed to change the society, wipe out the social crime. It is one of the reasons that the reactionary force is powerful, because of which Hamlet fails to complete his task. Hamlet represents the few number of the advanced person emerging in the feudal society. The struggle between Hamlet and Claudius represents that between the newly emerged capital humanist and feudal reactionary force, which reflects the conflict between the advanced people and evil force in Renaissance. However, it is a complicated time, with the social crime of feudal force and the capital accumulation, it is a gloom time, and it is destined to fail for the advanced people.ConclusionWith abundant and vivid plots, Hamlet reveals an important thought: in the later of Renaissance, the central state power was stable, the system of government was charged by the King. The King abandoned the capitalist class, arbitrarily and dictatorially, he forcibly occupied all the benefit; in political, he went against the progressive measure, then the feudal force had the chance to state a comeback, all the country was filled with foul, and each trying to cheat the other. Under such background, the capital humanists were angry with it. All the ordinary people even could not bear the exploitation coming from the feudal and original accumulation, but they could do nothing to help themselves. Such phenomenon was just about which happened before the bourgeoisie revolutionary in 1645. Humanists had the thought to remove the unforgivable King and reverse the situation, but they fell into hesitation, because the responsibility for them was hard to complete.Taking the court of Denmark in the Middle Ages for the background, according to the story of Hamlet’s revenge for his father’s death, Hamlet describes the truth England and th e Europe society in the later Renaissance. It reveals the author’s self-questioning on Renaissance movement and his carelessness on people’s life and future. The Renaissance promotes Europe into the time human beings awakening. People’s belief to God began to shake, under the flag of “personality liberation”; it was the custom to do what you like to. For one side, people’s thought liberated, which promoted the development of the social civilization. In the other side, especially in the later of Renaissance, it was full of overflow of selfish desire and social’s confusion. Encountering such an enthusiasm and confused time, instead of the optimistic and romantic brought by the humanism, Shakespeare shows us the hidden danger which hided in the ideal and progress. It is destined to fail for humanists. Hamlet is the reflection of such social phenomena.AcknowledgementsI would like to take this opportunity to thank my tutor—Chen Shunjiang, who offers me academic and constructive advices on composing this paper. His encouragement and help are worthy of high acknowledgement. During the learning of my paper, Mr. Chen gives me much good and valuable advice on my course, and provides me many opportunities to do practice. Because of those opportunities, I can accumulate much practical experience and precious theories for this paper. In the process of composing this paper, he helps me correct this paper and make it more perfect.I would like to express my thanks to those who spend their time in reading my paper, and I will be grateful if you could give me your advice, and I will appreciate them very well. Because I know that will be beneficial and helpful in my life. Meanwhile, I’d like to say thanks to my dear friends, Tang Xuejin, Li Jiangtao, Shu Qing, and so on, who give my ideas in my work, so that I can complete my paper on time.I hope I can apply my knowledge to my practical job in the future, and make some achievements during my career.Bibliography[1] Bradley. A C. Lecture IV: Hamlet. London: Macmillan, 1922.[2] Cartwright Kent. Remembering Hamlet, University Park, Penn: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1991.[3] Michael Mangan. A Preface to Shakespeare’s Tragedy. Peking University Press, 2001.[4] William Shakespeare. Hamle, Prince of Denmar.. The Oxford Standard Authors Edition. 1601.[5] Zhang Longxi. Reading Shakespeare: Hamlet. Room G07, Lee Wai Chun Building, CUHK, 2003.[6] 黄源．外国文学史新编[M] ．浙江文艺出版社，1987．[7] 基托．哈姆雷特[M] ．北京：中国社会科学出版社，1981，P427-450．[8] 孟宪强．外国文学[M] ．河南：河南教育出版社，1988．[9] 施咸荣．借鉴与探讨——外国文学部分[M] ．北京：北京十月文艺出版社，1986．[10] 王守仁．英国文学选读（第二版）[M] ．北京：高等教育出版社，2005．[11] 王佐良等．欧洲文化入门[M] ．北京：外语教学与研究出版社，2005．[12] 杨周翰．莎士比亚评论汇篇[M] ．北京：中社会科学出版社，1981．[13] 张泗洋等．莎士比亚引论[M] ．北京：中国戏剧出版社，1989．[14] 朱维之等．外国文学简编第四版[M] ．中人民大学出版社，1999．[15] 朱生豪．莎士比亚全集[M] ．北京：人民文学出版社，1981．。

莎士比亚《哈姆雷特》中主人公性格悲剧解读

莎士比亚《哈姆雷特》中主人公性格悲剧解读莎士比亚的戏剧作品《哈姆雷特》是一部著名的悲剧。

其中的主人公哈姆雷特是一个复杂而多面的人物，他的性格深受父亲的离去、母亲的再婚、爱人的背叛和政治的斗争等因素的影响。

本文将从哈姆雷特的性格特点和悲剧命运两个方面解读其角色。

一、哈姆雷特的性格特点1、犹豫不决哈姆雷特是一个长期陷入思考和矛盾的人。

他对父亲的死感到愤怒和哀伤，但他又不能确定克劳狄斯是否是真正的凶手，因此他犹豫不决，无法立即报复。

这种犹豫不决的性格常常阻碍了他的行动，成为他悲剧命运的原因之一。

2、情绪波动剧烈哈姆雷特的情绪波动非常剧烈，他的内心充满了愤怒、恐惧、痛苦、欺骗和悔恨等复杂情感。

在他的情感波动中，他表现出强烈的矛盾和自我矛盾的倾向。

这种情感波动成为他人物性格的重要特点，也加深了他悲剧命运的印记。

3、感情丰富哈姆雷特是一个感情丰富的人，他对父亲的死、母亲的再婚、林肯伯爵的背叛和奥菲利娅的离去等都表现出了强烈的感情反应。

他爱他的父亲、爱他的女友，但他感到被背叛和欺骗。

他的感情丰富，成为他悲剧命运的推动力，也成为他深受读者喜爱的原因之一。

二、哈姆雷特的悲剧命运1、遭受家族悲剧的冲击哈姆雷特的父亲被谋杀，母亲和自己的男友在一起，他的好友奥菲利娅也选择了别人，这些悲剧性事件在一起影响了哈姆雷特的心理，也决定了他的悲剧命运。

2、政治斗争的牵扯哈姆雷特所处的丹麦王国是一个政治腐败的国家，国王和王后的丑恶行径深深地影响了哈姆雷特的思考和行为。

他的父亲被谋杀，他必须决定是否要复仇，而这个决定在一定程度上取决于他对政治斗争的了解和处理。

3、悲剧缺少严格的文化支撑在《哈姆雷特》中，哈姆雷特的悲剧没有严格的文化支撑。

虽然他头脑聪明，反思深刻，但他没有运用这些才能和潜力去改善他的命运。

另外，他的悲剧也与他的性格深层次的问题和他的行为选择有关。

三、结论哈姆雷特是一个典型的悲剧人物，他的性格特点和悲剧命运深深地印刻在读者的脑海中。