2012年学位课英语试题
学位英语历年真题带答案12-05
成人本科学士学位英语统一考试2012年5月12日Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:The most famous collections of fairy tales (童话) are the ones by Jakob and Wilhelm Grimm. The Grimms published their first fairy-tale collection in 1812. They didn’t think they were writing for children. They thought they were preserving disappearing German folk culture. Their first edition (版本) was a scholarly book that carefully recorded the oral tales. They were surprised when some of their early readers suggested that the stories might be interesting to children.But the Grimms needed money. They had made a bad deal with their publisher and received little payment for their first book. At one point Wilhelm complained there wasn’t a chair in his house one could sit on without worrying it would break. So he took the hint and set to work to make a book that would be suitable for children. He selected a few of the tales, made them much longer, and polished up the language. He didn’t add morals, but he did slip in character judgments and moralizing comments wherever he could.The Grimms’ fairy tales also have one characteristic that would seem to make them unsuitable for children. Many of them inc lude violent incidents. In “Hansel and Gretel” an old woman is burned to death in an oven, and in “Little Red Riding Hood” a child is eaten by a wolf. When he revised the tales for children, Wilhelm Grimm retained the violence. In fact, he sometimes even ramped it up. For example, in the first edition of the tales, Cinderella forgives her sisters at the end. It’s only in the second edition, the one intended for children, that her birds peck (啄) out their eyes.Why, then, have the Grimms’ fairy tales become classics of children’s literature, so much so that it is hard to imagine a child who doesn’t know Cinderella’s story or Snow White’s?One answer is that only a few of the tales survived into modem times. The first edition of the Grimms’ fairy tale s had 210 tales. By 1825 it was down to 50. And today only a dozen or so of the tales are often reprinted in children’s collections.(76) But the deeper answer is that the tales that have lasted are magical adventures that help children deal with the struggles and fears of their everyday lives.1. Why did Wilhelm Grimm set out to adapt his book for children?A. To deal with readers’ complaints.B. To improve his financial situation.C. At the request of his publisher.D. To preserve the ancient stories in print.2. When revising the fairy tales, Wilhelm did all of the following EXCEPT .A. adding character judgmentsB. making the tales much longerC. deleting the violent scenesD. polishing up the language3. What does the expression “ramped it up” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Started.B. Allowed.C. Classified.D. Increased.4. Which of the following statements about the Grimms’ fairy tales is TRUEaccording to the passage?A. They were or iginally intended to be children’s stories.B. Generally speaking, the tales that have endured can help children deal with thechallenges life brings to them.C. A large number of the tales made it to the modem age.D. They are less violent th an the children’s stories being written today.5. What is the passage mainly concerned with?A. History of fairy tales.B. Ways to preserve the oral tradition.C. The Grimms’ fairy tales.D. Violence in fairy tales.Passage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:. As the school year kicks off, parents are once again straggling to cajole (哄编)and, if need be, drag their exhausted teens out of bed. That image may make you laugh, but lack of sleep is no joke. (77) Teenagers w ho don’t get enough rest have more learning. health~ behavior and mood problems than students who get at least nine hours a night. Long-term lack of sleep is tied to heart disease, overweight, depression and a shortened life span in adults, indicating the importance of establishing good sleep habits early in life. Lack of sleep can be especially deadly for teens; car accidents are the leading cause of death among teenagers, and safety experts believe sleepy driving is a major factor.Unfortunately, few teenagers get the sleep they need. In a survey of middle- and high-school students, University of Colorado researchers found that 82 percent said they woke up tired and unrefreshed, and more than half had trouble concentrating during the day at least once a week.Blame multitasking for some of this. Many students are juggling after-school activities, homework and part-time jobs. Even when they manage to fulfill these obligations by a reasonable hour, television, the Internet, video games, phone calls and text messages to friends often keep them awake deep into the night. Taking soda and energy drinks late in the day and going to late-night parties on weekends add to sleep debt. Biology also works against teenagers’ sleep, The body’s internal clock, which controls when a person starts to feel tired, shifts after puberty (青春期), making it hard for most teens to fall asleep before 11 pm. Class usually begins before 8:15 am, with many high schools starting as early as 7:15 am. To get to school on time, most teens have to get up by 6:30 am, guaranteeing they’ll be sleep-deprived during the week. Teens often sleep much later on weekends to catch up, making it even harder to fallasleep on Sunday night and wake up Monday morning. Playing catch-up on weekends also doesn’t help teens stay refreshed when they need it most: during the week at school.Since the 1990s, middle and high schools in more than two dozen states have experimented with later school start times. (78) The results have been encouraging.’ more sleep, increased attendance, better grades and fewer driving accidents. But most schools still start early, meaning teens have their work cut out for them if they want to get enough sleep.6. According to the passage, poor sleep can be linked to all of the following EXCEPTA. heart diseaseB. car accidentsC. skin problemsD. poor concentration7. The main idea of Paragraph 3 isA. how sleep deprivation (缺乏) can be treatedB’ what causes sleep deprivationC. who is most at risk for sleep deprivationD. why sleep deprivation is a serious concern8. What does the word “juggling” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Dealing with at the same time.B. Striking a balance between.C. Applying for.D. Having difficulty in.9. Which of the following is NOT to blame for teenagers’ lack of sleep?A. Multitasking.B. Biological clock. :C. Weekend catch-up sleep.D. Healthy diet.10. According to the passage, what have some schools done to help their students get enough sleep?A. Educating their students about the importance of sleep.B. Monitoring their students’ late-night activities.C. Delaying school start times.D. Setting strict rules.Passage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:As any middle-class parent knows, unpaid work experience can give youngsters a valuable introduction to a secure job. The government has recognized it too, abandoning rules in 2011 that had formerly stopped 16- to 24-year-o!ds from doing unpaid work while claiming unemployment benefit. But moving from that to forcing them to work without pay in order to collect these benefits has proved a big step.(79) More than one million young people in Britain are unemployed, the highest number since the mid-1980s. Keen both to cut the welfare bill and to avoid the depressed future wages that may result from early unemployment, the government has introduced an ambitious program of reform to get youngsters off welfare and into work.A key part of it is ensuring that no one gets benefit from the government for long; ministers are keen to avoid what happened after the early- 1980s recession (~/l/), when unemployment continued in some parts of the country for a long time after theeconomy began to improve.To help young people into work, ministers had persuaded lots of employers, including bakery chains, bookshops, and supermarkets, to take on unemployed youths, who receive work experience but no pay, with the prospect of a proper job for those who shine. (80) Some 35,000 youngsters participated last year; half found paid work soon after finishing the scheme.The idea of getting young adults used to showing up for work is popular with voters: according to a survey published in February, about 60% of people support the program. Equally attractive was the option of compelling them to work: Under the existing arrangements youngsters could choose whether or not to accept a place, but if they dropped out after the end of the first week, the y stood to lose up to two weeks’ benefits.Yet the scheme has also polarized (两极分化的) opinion: a third of people are consistently opposed. Following a noisy “Right to Work” campaign that accused employers of co-operating secretly with the government in “forced labor”, several firms dropped out of the program. To prevent this from getting worse, Chris Grayling, an employment minister, admitted that young people could leave their work experience at any time without being punished for doing so. This not only halted the flight of employers (for now, at least) but also enabled him to announce that new firms have agreed to take part in the program.11. According to the passage, young people in Britain .A. are used to showing up for workB. value unpaid work very muchC. are always opposed to unpaid workD. could learn something about job security through unpaid work12. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE?A. Most voters support the government’s effort to help yo ung people to find work.B. Some people protest against the government’s attempt to force young people towork.C. There are more than one million young people who took part in the program.D. There are more than one million young people who are jobless.13. According to the author, the British government is trying to .A. punish young people if they are not cooperating with itB. reform the unemployed youngstersC. avoid the economic slowdownD. reduce welfare spending14. The word “shine” in Paragraph 3 means““.A. do wellB. reflect lightC. look happyD. produce light15. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?A. Enjoy Work Without PayB. Can Work, Won’t WorkC. Should Work, Shouldn’t PlayD. Hate Work or Love WorkPart II Vocabulary and Structure (30%)Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.16. Please give Jim the schedule for tomorrow’s conference when he back. He is to chair the conference.A. will comeB. comeC. comesD. came17. five minutes earlier, you would not have missed the last train for Shanghai, but you were late.A. Had you comeB. Do you comeC. Did you comeD. Should you come18. After he worked out the solution, appeared a smile on his face.A. itB. hereC. whatD. there19. the former president’s supporters went out in streets to express their anger and dissatisfaction.A. A small amount ofB. A large number ofC. A little bit ofD. A great deal of20. To b e honest, today’s dinner was just so-so. It wasn’t such a good one promised by the boss.A. thatB. whichC. asD. what21. So many people ______ the meeting had to be put off.A. being absentB. to be absentC. were absentD. had been absent22. We often advise him not to drink more is good for his health.A. asB. thatC. thanD. but23. —Did Charles vote in the last election?—No, he wasn’t.A. enough old thenB. then enough oldC. old then enoughD. old enough then24. By no means look down on those who are less lucky in life than we are.A. we shouldB. should weC. we should notD. should we not25. He didn’t feel like that day so he stayed indoors reading.A. workingB. worksC. to workD. worked26. No sooner had we started on the road it began to rain.A. whenB. thanC. thenD. whenever27. He decided to go for a sailing holiday the fact that he was usually Seasick (晕船).A. because ofB. in spite ofC. in case ofD. as a result of28. What you do in your spare time is your own . However it should not be harmful to others.A. businessB. purchaseC. bargainD. sale29. As a gardener, Jim has to water the flowers and the grass in the garden every morning.A. trimB. improveC. refineD. repair30. The firemen are still the small fires started by the plane crash.A. taking offB. setting asideC. getting along withD. putting out31. He didn’t live up to had been expected of him.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. all32. The old couple decided to a boy and a girl though they had three of their own.A. adaptB. bringC. receiveD. adopt33. The relationship between employers and employees has been studied .A. originallyB. extremelyC. violentlyD. intensively34. The car halfway for no reason.A. broke offB. broke downC. broke upD. broke out35. The police that he committed a series of crimes in the north of the city.A. swelledB. submittedC. surveyedD. suspected36. The manager lost his just because his secretary was ten minutes late.A. moodB. temperC. mindD. passion37. We gave out a cheer when the red roof of the cottage came view.A. fromB. inC. beforeD. into38. I have kept that portrait I can see it every day, as it always reminds me ofmy university days in London.A. whichB. whereC. whetherD. when39. The room is in a terrible mess; it cleaned.A. can’t have beenB. mus tn’t have beenC. shouldn’t have beenD. wouldn’t have been40. You see the lightning it happens, but you hear the thunder later.A. the instantB. for an instantC. on the instantD. in an instant41. it or not, his discovery has created a stir in scientific circles.A. BelieveB. To believeC. BelievingD. Believed42. The medicine is on sale everywhere. You can get it at ch emist’s.A. otherB. someC. certainD. any43. Your hair wants . You’d better have it done tomorrow.A. cutB. to cutC. cuttingD. being cut44. I don’t think it advisable that Tom to the job since he has no experience.A. be assignedB. will be assignedC. is assignedD. has been assigned45. The goals he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.A. after whichB. with whichC. for whichD. at whichPart III Identification (10%)Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one that is not correct. Then blacken the corresponding letter on theAnswer Sheet.46. The sun gives off light and warmth, that makes it possible for plants to grow.A B C D47. Sand painting has also called dry or earth painting and is practiced byA B Cseveral American Indian artists.D48. Humans, like many other animals, are warm-blooded with a fairly constantlyA B C Dbody temperature.49. Now that the stress of examinations and interviews are over, we can all relaxA B C Dfor a while.50. The tallest of the twins went to search for the missing jewels, the picture ofA Bwhich you saw in today’s newspaper.C D51. They are going to have the serviceman to be installed an electric fan in theA B C Doffice tomorrow.52. Only under special circumstances freshmen are permitted to take make-up tests.A B C D53. It’s already 5 o’clock now. Don’t you think it’s about time we are going home?A B C D54. Despite the wonderful acting and well-developed plot the three-hours’ movieA B Ccould not hold our attention.D55. People appreciate to have worked with him because he has a good sense ofA B Chumor.DPartly Cloze (10%)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage, and for each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D at the end of the passage. You should choose ONE answer that best fits into the passage. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.By the time I finished high school, my interest in animals had grown, and I enrolled at a university to study biology. I learned soon enough that studying animals 56 this level was not in the animals’ best 57. I remember one midterm exam in 58 each student was handed a large, freshly-killed frog and 59 to dissect (解剖)and mark a set of body parts. I looked at the 60 frog in front of me and was saddened that her life was 61 away for such a slight 62.A year later, in the same lab 63 I dissected the frog, I performed a small act of animal 64. We were 65 on fruit flies, and it was time to record the distribution of characteristics in their next generation. Flies were 66 in small plastic bottles. Counting the number of flies with white or red eyes required first exposing them to ether (乙醚) 67 they could not move. The flies were then spread onto a piece of white paper 68 and counted. When the data collection was 69 , the flies had no further use, and our instructions were to 70 them into a small glass dish of oil at the center of each desk, which was to be their final resting 71.Once my little pile of flies had been counted, I pushed them off the edge of the paper. As we recorded our data, I kept one eye 72 them. Within minutes the pile was humming (嗡嗡叫) as tiny legs and wings beat their way out of the ether fog. I was extremely excited as they 73 flight. That was my first 74 in refusing to conduct scientific research that treated nonhuman life in a(n) 75 way.56. A. at B, withC. forD. off57. A. duties B. interestsC. ratesD. hobbies58. A. what B. thatC, where D. which59. A. dismissed B. drawnC. instructedD. mended60. A. alive B, dead ~C. livingD. wounded61. A. made B. broughtC. takenD. passed62. A. reason B. spiritC. spaceD. system63. A. that B. whichC. whatD. where64. A. operation B. liberationC. tendencyD. wealth65. A. experimenting B. strengtheningC. stimulatingD. substituting66. A. solved B. soakedC. recoveredD. kept67. A. while B. becauseC. in caseD. so that68. A. being examined B. to be examinedC. being operated D- to be operated69. A. preliminary B. progressiveC. completeD. curious70. A. put B. raiseC. rouse D, spoil71.A. shade B. shadowC. placeD. stuff72. A. for B. withC. atD. on73. A. stood B. tookC. sentD. rode74, A. step B. reviewC. glanceD. gesture75. A. kind B. generousC. cruelD. effectivePart V Translation (20%)Section ADirections: In this part there are five sentences which you should translate into Chinese These sentences are all taken from the 3 passages you have just read in Reading Comprehension. You can refer back to the passages to identify their meanings in the context.76. But the deeper answer is that the tales that have lasted are magical adventures that help children deal with the struggles and fears of their everyday lives.77. Teenagers who don’t get enough rest have more learning, health, behavior and mood problems than students who get at least nine hours a night.78. The results have been encouraging: more sleep, increased attendance, better grades and fewer driving accidents.79. More than one million young people in Britain are unemployed, the highest number since the mid-1980s.80. Some 35,000 youngsters participated last year; half found paid work soon after finishing the scheme.Section BDirections: In this part there are five sentences in Chinese. You should translate them into English. Be sure to write clearly.81．昨天，我坐在办公室写报告时，小明从英国打电话过来了。
2012年11月北京成人本科学位英语考试真题
2012.11北京成人本科学士学位英语考试真题及答案PartⅠ Reading Comprehension (30%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer sheet。
Passage 1 Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage : It seems like every day there's some new research about whether our favorite drinks are good for us ,(76)One day ,science says a glass of red wine a day will help us live longer The next day ,maybe not It seems journalists are pretty interested in wine research and the same might be said for coffee .Now there's been a lot of research into whether coffee's good for our health "the results have really been mixed", admits Neal freedman who led the coffee study and published his findings in a medical journal recently."There's been some evidence that coffee might increase the risk of certain diseases and there's also been maybe more recent evidence that coffee may protect against other diseases as well"。
2012年考题(解析版)
2012年学位英语考试考题Part I Reading ComprehensionPassage 1【1-5 BCBAD】For centuries Dutch engineers have been fighting a war against water. Their main enemy is the sea. A large part of the country is below sea level. In fact, Holland is also called the “Netherlands” which means “low land.” Very tall and strong walls, called dykes, have built to keep out the sea. But in very rough weather the sea may suddenly burst through a dyke. Great damage can be caused by floods when this happens.Three large rivers are also part of the problem. These rivers are the Rhine, the Maas and the Scheldt. They flow through Holland into the North Sea. They have cut many passages across the country. At low tides, the rivers flow into the sea as usual. But at high tide, the sea can flow into the rivers! This is because the land is so low.The battles against the water never end, but they have made Holland a bigger and bigger country. In order to prevent floods, the engineers take or reclaim land that was under water. The Dutch have been reclaiming land for seven hundred years.Land is usually reclaimed from a passage between islands. Two dykes are built across the passage, so they block the water between them. Then the engineers dig long canals and pump the water into them. At low tide, the canals empty the water into the sea.Because the land is so low, water from the sea and rivers can rise up through the ground. For this reason, the pumps continue working even the land has been drained (that is, when the water has been pumped away). The dykes contain gates, and through these the water is pumped out. In many parts of Holland, pumps must be working all the time. If they stopped, there will be very bad floods.1. Water is the main threat to Holland because ____.A. the sea is too roughB. the land is lower than the seaC. the high and strong dykes can not keep the floods outD. the weather is too rough1.【答案】B第一段中提到：Their main enemy is the sea. A large part of the country is below sea level.他们主要的敌人就是海洋。
2012全国学位英语试卷
成人高等教育学士学位英语命题预测试卷（一）PartⅠ Dialogue Completion (15 points)Directions: There are 15 short incomplete dialogues in this part, each followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one to complete the dialogue and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the centre.1. Black:Let me introduce myself. I’m Andrew Black.Keith:______A. It’s a pleasure.B. Pleased to meet you.C. How are you?D. Nice meeting you.2. Todd:Do you think it will snow this evening?Lily:______A. I hope it not.B. I don’t think so.C. Who is that?D. Who’s is it?3. Lucy:I’m Lucy. My teacher asked me to visit you.Juliet:______ Come in and sit down, please.A. Nice to meet you.B. That’s a good idea.C. That’s all right.D. Why don’t theycome?4. Norma:How can I learn to cook well?Kyle:______A. What a pity!B. Why don’t you follow your teacher’s advice?C. But I’m afraid it’s useless.D. Any reason for that?5. Basil:I won’t have beer any more.Lois:______A. So do I.B. So will I.C. Nor do I.D. Neither will I.6. Harry:Do you mind my smoking here?Lynn:______A. Yes, please do.B. No, please don’t.C. No, I dislike the smell of cigarette.D. Yes, please don’t.7. Owen:May I use your phone?Ruth:______A. It doesn’t matter.B. Go ahead.C. No, I don’t mind.D. No, you needn’t.8. Wendy:______?Wayne:For about two weeks.A. How long are you going to stay hereB. How soon will you leave this placeC. How often do you come hereD. How many times have you come here9. Rose:Hello, may I speak to Mr. Green?Steven:______,I will see if he is in.A. Don’t put down your phoneB. Hold the line a minuteC. Please phone him in five minutes againD. This is John speaking10. Viola: Excuse me,______?Rite:I am sorry, I don’t know. I’m new around here.A. will you please tell me timeB. is there a train time-tableC. can you tell me the best way to the neares t hospitalD. can you show me the map of this city11. Carol:______?Jane:I’d like two dozen eggs.A.What are you doingB. What would you like to doC. What can I do for youD. What would you like to eat12. Helen:______Sir, I didn’t quite hear you.David:I said that nobody but one had got a full mark in the tests.A. May I ask you a question?B. I am sorry,C. I beg your Pardon,D. I must say “no” to you,13. Jimmy:______ May I speak to John?Tony:John! You are wanted on the telephone.A. I am Mary.B. My name is Mary.C. Do you know Mary?D. This is Mary speaking.14. Rob:How could you say that?Bert:______, I didn’t mean to hurt you.A. That’s all rightB. I won’t regretC. I’m really sorryD. Excuse me15. June:Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend?Judy:______.A. I don’t believeB. I don’t believe itC. I believe not soD. I believe notPart Ⅱ Reading Comprehension(40 points )Directions:There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passage is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the centre.Passage 1Human needs seem endless. When a hungry man gets a meal, he begins to think about an overcoat; when a manager gets a new sports car, a big house and pleasure boats dance into view.The many needs of mankind might be regarded as making up several levels. When there is money enough to satisfy one level of needs, another level appears.The first and most basic level of needs involves food. Once this level is satisfied, the second level of needs, clothing and some sort of shelter, appears. By the end of World War II, these needs were satisfied for a great majority of Americans. Then a third level appeared. It included such items as automobiles and new houses.By 1957 or 1958 this third level of needs was fairly well satisfied. Then, in the late 1950s, a fourth level of needs appeared: the “life enriching” level. While the other levels involve physical satisfaction, that is, the feeding, comfort, safety, and transportation, this level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement, and happiness. It includes a variety of goods and services, many of which could be called “luxury” items. Among them are vacation trips, the best medical and dental care, and recreation. Also included here are fancy goods and the latest styles in clothing.On the fourth level, a lot of money is spent on services, while on the first three levels more is spent on goods. Will consumers raise their sights to a fifth level of needs as their income increases, or will they continue to demand luxuries and personal services on the fourth level?A fifth level would probably involve needs that can be achieved best by community action. Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance, crim, and prejudice. After filling our stomachs, our clothes closets, our garages, our teeth, and our minds, we now may seek to ensure the health, safety, and leisure to enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels.16. According to the passage, man will begin to think about such needs as housingand clothing only when ______.A. he has saved up enough moneyB. he has grown dissatisfied with his simple shelterC. he has satisfied his hungerD. he has learned to build houses17. It can be inferred from the passage that by the end of World War Ⅱ, most Americans ______.A. were very richB. lived in povertyC. had the good things on the first three levelsD. did not own automobiles18. Which of the following is NOT related to “physical satisfaction”?A. A successful career.B. A comfortable home.C. A good meal.D. A family car.19. What is the main concern of man on the fourth level?A. The more goods the better.B. The more mental satisfaction the better.C. The more “luxury” items the better.D. The more earnings the better.20. The author tends to think that the fifth level ______.A. would be little better than the fourth levelB. may be a lot more desirable than the first fourC. can be the last and most satisfying levelD. will become attainable before the government takes actionsPassage 2In the same way that a child must be able to move his arms and legs before he can learn to walk, the child must physiologically be capable of producing and experiencing particular emotions before these emotions can be modified through learning. Psychologists have found that there are two basic processes by which learning takes place. One kind of learning is called “classical conditioning”. This occurs when one event or stimulus is consistently paired with or followed by, a reward or punishment. It is through classical conditioning that a child learns to associates his mother’s face and voice with happiness and love, for he learns that this person provides food and comfort. Negative emotions are learned in a similar fashion.The second kind of learning is called “operant conditioning”. This occurs when an individual learns to do things that produce rewards in his environment and learns not to do things that produce punishments. For example, if a mother always attends to her baby when he cries and cuddles him until he is quiet, she may teach him that if he cries he will get attention from mother. Thus, the baby will learn to increase his crying in order to have his mother more.Every day, we grow and have new experiences. We constantly learn by reading, watching television, interacting with other people, and so forth. This learning affects our emotions. Why is it that we learn to like some people and dislike others? If a person is nice to us, cares about us, we learn to associate this person withpositive feelings, such as joy, happiness, and friendliness. On the other hand, if a person is mean to us, does not care about us, and even deliberately does things to harm us, we learn to associate this person with negative feelings, such as unhappiness, discomfort, and anger.21. The author’s main purpose in writing the passage is to ______.A. teach children how to learn to produce and experience certain emotionsB. give the general reader an account of two basic kinds of learningC. give parents some advice on how to modify their children’s emotions through learningD. discuss with psychologists how positive and negative feelings are produced22. If your jokes often find a ready echo in a person, you will learn through ______that telling jokes to this person is fun, and you will try with greater efforts to be humorous in his presence.A. classical conditioningB. neither of themC. operant conditioningD. some other sorts of conditioning23. If a child is bitten or startled several times by a dog, he may learn to associate furry animals with pain or startle and thus develop a fear of furry animals. This is a typical example of learning through ______.A. classical conditioningB. both of themC. operant conditioningD. neither of them24. In the third paragraph, the author is ______.A. discussing how we grow and have new experiences every dayB. talking about learning to modify emotions through operant conditioningC. concentrating on learning by reading, watching television, interacting with people, and so onD. using examples to further illustrate learning through classical conditioning25. In the following paragraphs the author will most probably go on to discuss ______.A. definitions of positive feelings and negative feelingsB. the third kind of learningC. further examples of learning through operant conditioningD. none of the abovePassage 3Katherine walked into a newspaper office, and demanded to see the editor. Fortunately, the editor was passing the inquiry office when she asked for him. Seeing she was a girl of school age, he thought it might offer him an amusing five minutes between interviews.Katherine was very rude to him when he told her they didn’t accept schoolgirls. She said she was surprised that the editor of a great London newspaper did not know how to behave like a gentleman. The editor sat back in his chair and laughed heartily. He had never been spoken to like that in his life. He rather liked it for its novelty. After some further conversation, in which Katherine attempted to persuade him that she could do anything he wanted, from writing a leading article to a serial story, she said: “I am not going to leave this room until you put me on the staff!”Then the editor had to speak to her rather seriously, and told her what a great London newspaper meant to a girl and how utterly ignorant she was of everything that would make her useful as a journalist. Upon this Katherine burst into tears, and the editor, who had dismissed many men in the course of his career, walked up and down the room wondering what he could do for this extraordinary young girl whose tearful eyes were so full of disappointment.“Look here,” he said, “if you come to me in two years’ time, with a knowledge of shorthand, and if you promise not to shed tears on my blotting paper, I will give you something to do.”“Really? If you don’t mind, I’ll have it in black and white,” said the girl.The editor was startled. He began to think that this young girl was not so young as she looked. He drafted out an agreement for her on the lines laid down with a great deal of solemnity (严肃) which he found quite amusing, for he was confident that the young girl might quite as well change her mind or would be engaged to a nice boy long before the agreement took effect.26. The real reason why the editor decided to interview the girl was that he ______.A. heard her asking for himB. was not very busyC. thought it would amuse himD. liked to work with young girls27. “He rather liked it for its novelty” means he liked it because it was ______.A. unusualB. pleasantC. courageousD. friendly28. The editor walked up and down the room, because he was ______.A. rather angry with herB. afraid other people would hear her cryingC. not sure whether he should dismiss her or notD. trying to make a decision29. As their conversation continued, the editor ______.A. changed his opinion of the girlB. grew tired of herC. became annoyedD. thought she was too uneducated30. When the editor drafted out the agreement for the girl, he ______.A. hoped that this would please the girlB. wished that it would take effect soonC. adopted a rather serious attitudeD. didn’t mean what he wrotePassage 4Like fine food, good writing is something we approach with pleasure and enjoy from the first taste to the last. And good writers, like good cooks, do not suddenly appear full blown. Quite the contrary, just as the cook has to undergo an intensive training, mastering the skills of his trade, the writer must sit at his desk and devote long hours to achieving a style in his writing, whatever its purpose—school work, matters of business, or purely social communication. You may be sure that the more painstaking the effort, the more effective the writing, and the more rewarding.There are still some remote places in the world where you might find a public scribe to do your business or social writing for you, for a fee. There are a fewmanagers who are lucky enough to have the service of that rare kind of secretary who can take care of all sorts of letter writing with no more than a quick note to work from. But for most of us, if there is any writing to be done, we have to do it ourselves.We have to write school papers, business papers or home papers. We are constantly called on to put words to paper. It would be difficult to count the number of such words, messages, letters, and reports put into the mails or delivered by hand, but the daily figure must be enormous. What is more, everyone who writes expects, or at least hopes, that his writing will be read. We want to arouse(引起) and hold the interest of the readers. We want whatever we write to be read, from first word to last, not just thrown into some “letters to be read” file or into a wastepaper basket. This is the reason we bend our efforts toward learning and practicing the skills of interesting, effective writing.31. In this passage, good writing is compared to fine food because ______.A. both writers and cooks have to work long hours every dayB. both are essential to lifeC. both are enjoyableD. both writers and cooks can earn a good living32. A public “scribe” (Para.2) is ______.A. a secretary who does your business or social writingB. a machine that does writing for youC. a public school where writing is taughtD. a person who earns a living by writing for others33. According to the passage, some managers don’t have to do any letter writing because ______.A. they rely on quick notesB. they have a computer to do itC. they have excellent secretariesD. they prefer making phone calls34. According to the author, if your letter is thrown into some “letters to be read” file, ______.A. it will receive immediate attentionB. it is likely to be neglectedC. it will be dealt with by the secretaryD. it is meant to be delivered soon35. The purpose of the author in writing this passage is ______.A. to argue and demonstrateB. to comment and criticizeC. to interest and entertainD. to explain and persuadePart Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure (20 points)Directions:There are 40 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the centre.36. Some of this wheat came from Canada. What about ______?A. anotherB. the otherC. othersD. the rest37. I will now ______ Mr. Webster to drink the health of the happy pair.A. call onB. call upC. call forD. call off38. July is the month ______ is usually the hottest.A. whose weatherB. the weatherC. its weatherD. when the weather39. Because my scissors are dull, I’m going to buy a new ______.A. oneB. onesC. pairD. scissors40. ______ great was the destruction that the South took decades to recover.A. VeryB. TooC. SuchD. So41. Everyone should keep a sense of responsibility ______ what he is to do.A. ofB. forC. withD. to42. The statue is believed ______ by a professional thief a couple of weeks ago.A. to have stolenB. to be stolenC. having been stolenD. to have been stolen43. Neither Bill nor his parents ______ at home.A. areB. isC. wasD. has44. I don’t think there are several characteristics of the novel ______ special attention.A. worthwhileB. worth ofC. worthy ofD. worthless45. ______ people can speak a foreign language perfectly.A. Not muchB. LittleC. Only a small numberD. Few46. If I had more time, I should ______ table tennis as a hobby.A. take toB. take upC. take onD. take over47. The thief caught on the spot by tile policeman denied ______ anything.A. to doB. to have doneC. doD. doing48. I won’t have a whisky, thank you. It’s not that I don’t drink, ______ thatI don’t drink and drive.A. but alsoB. exceptC. otherwiseD. but rather49. A calculating machine has the advantage of speed and ______.A. having accuracyB. accuracyC. being accurateD. accurate50. Look at the pavilion ______ in the lake.A. reflectedB. reflectingC. to reflectD. to be reflected51. ______ help me, I had to do it all alone.A. There is no one toB. There being no one toC. Being no oneD. with no one52. Every government that refuses to meet the needs of its people must accept the ______.A. endingsB. consequencesC. resultsD. possibilities53. If only the committee ______the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible.A. approveB. will approveC. can approveD. would approve54. It is because she is too inexperienced ______she does not know bow to dealwith the situation.A. thatB. thereforeC. so thatD. so55. Mike said that the house was ______ expensive for him.A. very muchB. so muchC. far tooD. about56. He ______ live in the country than in the city.A. had betterB. prefers toC. would ratherD. would like57. Let’s start again from where we ______.A. left overB. left offC. left outD. left aside58. New difficulties kept ______ as they built the railway tunnel.A. arisingB. arousingC. ascendingD. aggressing59. Improvements of all kinds ______ in television so that reception will be as close to perfect as possible.A. are constantly being madeB. are being made constantlyC. will be being madeD. will constantly be made60. A good newspaper publishes both ______ and foreign news.A. diplomaticB. democraticC. domesticD. dramatic61. The selling price of that house and ______ ＄25 000.A. many furniture areB. some furniture isC. the furniture isD. many pieces of furniture are62. Without air, ______ no wind or rain.A. there would beB. there will beC. there have beenD. there is63. It’s important to locate industries in areas where a supply of raw materials is ______.A. preferableB. availableC. dependableD. favorable64. The pilot lost contact with the military base, ______ the plane crashed in the desert.A. among whichB. for whichC. by means of whichD. as the result of which65. He’s lived in London ______.A. since a long timeB. for some timeC. long beforeD. some time ago66. ______ the university is by examination only.A. Admission toB. Permission inC. Admission inD. Permission on67. I remember ______ this person somewhere.A. to have metB. to meetC. meetD. meeting68. I did not realize you want to keep the letter, I have ______ it up.A. tornB. pickedC. pulledD. broken69. I ______ you that the equipment will be delivered today.A. persistB. confirmC. insistD. assure70. As I am free now, I ______ as well go with you.A. mightB. wouldC. shouldD. could71. I am going to the teacher, but you ______ with me.A. need go outB. need not goC. need not to goD. do not need go72. A laser beam is used to ______ even the hardest substance.A. pass throughB. repairC. light upD. identify.73. I could not ______ all the information given in the radio broadcast.A. receiveB. absorbC. admireD. deceive74. TV, if properly used, can ______ a child’s imagination.A. causeB. exciteC. stimulateD. arise75. Television keeps us informed about ______ events and the latest developments in politics and science.A. currentB. pastC. favorableD. newPart Ⅳ Cloze Test (10 points)Directions:There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the centre.In the dining room of my grandfather’s house stood his heavy clock. Meals in the dining room were a __76 __ for our four generations to become one. My grandfather’s clock always stood like a trusted old family friend, __77 __ us playing jokes and telling stories, which was already a __78__ of our life.When I was a child, the old clock interested me. I watched and listened to it during __79 __. I was surprised how at __80 __ times of the day, the clock would strike three times, six times or more, with a wonderful great __81 __ that echoed throughout the house. The clock chimed year after year, a part of my __82 __, a part of my heart.Even more __83 __ to me was my grandfather’s special action each day. He meticulously __84 __ the clock with a special key each day. The key was magic to me. It __85 __ our family’s magnificent clock ticking and striking all year round.76. A. time B. possibility C. problem D. pleasure77. A. seeing B. hearing C. watching D. looking78. A. start B. part C. signal D. mark79. A. stories B. jokes C. periods D. meals80. A. busy B. urgent C. happy D. different81. A. shock B. sound C. song D. music82. A. memories B. minds C. comfort D. information83. A. comfortable B. hopeful C. wonderful D. skillful84. A. opened B. wound C. turned D. started85. A. made B. controlled C. kept D. fixedPart Ⅴ Writing (15 points)Directions:You are to write in 100~120 words about the title “Happiness”. You should base your composition on the requirement given below：Happiness(1)What is happiness?(2)Happiness is of great importance in everyone’s life.(3)Happiness is related to health.成人高等教育学士学位英语命题预测试卷（二）PartⅠ Dialogue Completion (15 points)Directions:There are 15 short incomplete dialogues in this part, each followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one to complete the dialogue and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the centre.1. Eve:______Ivy:I am fine, thank you. And you?A. How do you do?B. How are you?C. Are you well again?D. What about your health?2. Dale:______ Would you please tell me the time?Laura:It’s ten past nine.A. I am sorry.B. I beg your pardon.C. Excuse me.D. Hello, how do you do?3. Linda:______ I haven’t seen you for ages.Lucy:I have just come back from the USA.A. Where have you been?B. Where have you gone?C. Oh, how I miss you!D. Are you back from the USA?4. Mary:We’re having a few people over for a dinner party Friday. We’d love to have you.Tom:______A. Oh, I’d love to. But I’m afraid.B. Oh, really! What time should I come?C. No, I have to prepare for the exam.D. Yes, though I have to take the exam.5. Son:I’m terribly sorry. Mom, I’ve broken an Italian vase.Mom:______A. Oh, what a shame!B. Oh, dear, how awful it is!C. Oh, that doesn’t matter.D. Oh, I’m so sorry to hear that.6. Teacher:You’re late again!Student:Sorry, ______A. I won’t do that anymore.B. but it’s my own business.C. I’m afraid I’ve overslept.D. but I need more sleep.7. Patient:I feel terrible today. My stomach doesn’t feel well at all.Doctor:______A. You should take something for it.B. That’s too bad for your health.C. It serves you right.D. Don’t remember.8. Sally:What is Jack like?Susan:______A. He’s kind and handsome.B. He’s very well.C. He likes music.D. He’s a worker.9. Speaker A:Did you check your e-mail today?Speaker B:No. ______A. Who cares?B. Why do you ask?C. Which one?D. Why is it so?10. Nat:I’d like to come to see you. Will ten o’clock do?Lulu:______A.Fine.B.Thanks.C. With Pleasure.D.See you.11. Hatty:______Jesse:Yes, I want a pencil box.A. Can I help you?B. What do I do for you?C. Can you help me?D. What do you want to do?12. Doris:You speak very good English.Jerry:______A. No, not at all.B. Thank you.C. No, my English is poor.D. I don’t think so.13. Homer:______Emily:He has a round face, blue eyes and brown hair.A. What do you think of the boy?B. How’s the boy?C. How do you like the boy?D. What does the boy look like?14. Amy:I’ve got a headache.Byron:______ I’ll get an aspirin.A. Have you, dear?B. Do you have really, dear?C. What shall I do?D. Do you want me to help you?15. Josie: Might I trouble you for a night?Justin:You ______A. might indeed!B. may indeed!C. could indeed!D. certainly did!Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension(40 points )Directions:There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passage is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the centre.Passage 1As you are students of English, it’s very possible that you’ll be interested in England. That’s where the language was first spoken. But England is often called by other names. This often confuses people and I wonder if you know what these names mean. So, now I would like to tell you about this matter of names. I believe that you have heard people use the names—England, Britain or Great Britain. Let’s see what each of these names means.If you look at a map of Europe, you’ll see a group of islands—one larger island off the northwest coast, one smaller and many tiny ones. These make up what is called the British Isles. The largest island of the British Isles is Britain. It is also called Great Britain. The smaller island is Ireland.Britain is divided into three parts: Scotland, Wales and England. But sometimes the word “England” is used instead of “Britain”. Why so?In ancient times, what is Britain now used to be three different countries. Peoplein these different countries spoke different languages. Over many years the three countries became one. England is the largest and richest of the three and it has the most people. So the English people take it for granted that their own name stands for the whole island.There’s another thing that confuses people: sometimes you may hear people say “the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland”. That is the official name of the country. Northern Ireland is only one sixth of the island or Ireland. The rest of the island is an independent state, called the Republic of Ireland. So we have the names of “England”, “Britain”, “Great Britain”, and “the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland”. Now do you know what each of them means?16. English was first spoken in ______.A. BritainB. EnglandC. Great BritainD. Ireland17. Britain is divided into ______.A. England, Britain, and WalesB. England, Scotland, and WalesC. Wales, Scotland, and Great BritainD. Great Britain, Wales, and Scotland18. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. Wales is the richest of the three.B. Scotland is the largest of the three.C. Sometimes England is used instead of Britain.D. Britain is the only name of the largest island of British Isles.19. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is ______.A. part of BritainB. part of British IslesC. the official name of the whole country EnglandD. the largest country of all mentioned in the passage20. Which of the following is an independent country?A. WalesB. ScotlandC. Northern IrelandD. The Republic of IrelandPassage 2“Have you read the newly published edition of Harry Potter?”“Have you ever been fooled on April 1st?”“What have you given your boy/girlfriend on Valentine’s Day(情人节) ?” You may not feel even a little bit surprised when you are confronted with these questions. However, chances are that your parents cannot understand a word. In the wake of globalization, culture has gone beyond border and is flying all over the world, with a great impact on Chinese youths.By getting in touch with western culture, we are forced to think over things that we took for granted previously. We’ve gradually shrugged off some old notions that may hinder our development, such as “uniformity is always good”, or “authority is always in the right”. I think this is the greatest benefit we can get from this impact. We tend to be critical with what “should be” in our forefathers’ eyes. Only by this critical mind can we initiate some changes; only through change can our。
2012届英语学位考试样卷求真
湖州师范学院2012届学位英语考试试卷（普通三本）Part I Reading Comprehension (40%)Directions: For each of the passages, there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Y ou should decide on the best choice.Passage OneCongratulations. Y our decision to stop smoking is an important one. That is why you’ve made the right choice in choosing Nicorette gum.. Y our own chances of quitting smoking depend on how much you want to quit, how strongly you are addicted to tobacco, and how closely you follow a quitting problem like the one that comes with Nicortte.Y ou are more likely to stop smoking by using Nicortte with a support program that helps you breaking your smoking habit. There may be support groups in your area for people trying to quit. Call your local chapter of the American lung Association, American Cancer Society or American Heart Association for further information. Toll free phone numbers are printed on the Wallet Card on the back cover of this User’s Guide. If you cannot stop smoking or if you start smoking again after using Nicortte, remember breaking this addiction doesn’t happen overnight. Y ou may want to talk to a health care professional who can help you improve your chances of quitting the next time you try Nicrotte or other method.Y our reason for quitting maybe a combination of concerns about health, the effect of smoking on your appearance ,and pressure from your family and friends to stop smoking. Or maybe you’ve concerned about the dangerous effect of second-hand smoke on the people you care about.All of these are good reasons. Y ou probably have others. Decide your most important reasons, and write them down on the wallet card inside the back cover of this User’s Guide. Carry this card with you. In difficult moments, when you want to smoke, the card will remind you why you are quitting.1.Why does the author offer congratulations to you?A.Because you have bought Nicortte gum.B.Because you have decided to quit smoking.C.Because you have been addicted to tobacco.D.Because you have been close to quitting program.2.What may affect the result of your act to quit smoking?A.Y our persistence in the quitting program.B.The health of your body.C.Y our addiction to Nicrotte gum.D.The amount of Nicrotte gum you will take.3.Where may you get help for quitting?A. From the local government.B. From any local hospital.C. From some support groups in your area.D. From free phone number.4. Which of the following may help you make up your mind?A. Nicortte gumB. The User’s GuideC. Care about healthD. Second-hand smile5. Why should you write down the most important reasons for quitting on the wallet card?A. Show your determination on quitting.B. Show your confidence in quitting.C. Remind you of the time to take the gum.D. Remind you not to smoke when you want to.Passage T woAs the pace of life continues to increase ,we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through lift,being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.Stress is an natural part of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it. In fact ,it is not the bad thing as it is often supposed to be .A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress,and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual diffic ulties. When exposed to stress,in whatever form,we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "fight" or "flight" and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme,but however little the stress,it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long,through continued exposure to stress,that health becomes endangered.Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress.Since we cannot remove stress from our lives(it would be unwise to do so even if we could),we need to find ways to deal with it.6. People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because_____.A. they do not know how to enjoy themselvesB. they do not believe that relaxation is important for healthC. they are travelling fast all the timeD. they are becoming busier with their work7. According to the writer ,the most important character for a good manager is his ________.A. not fearing stressB. knowing the art of relaxationC. high sense of responsibilityD .having control over performance8.Which of the follwing statements is true?A. We can find some ways to avoid stressB. Stress is always harmful to peopleC. It is easy to change the hagit of keeping oneself busy with work.D .Different people can withstand different amounts of stress9.In Paragraph 3, "such a reaction" refers back to_______.A ."making a choice between 'flight' or 'fight'"B ."reaction to stress both chemically and physically"C ."responding to crises quickly"D ."losing heart at the signs difficulties"10.In the last sentence of the passage,"do so " refers to ______.A ."expose ourselves to stress"B. "find ways to deal with stress"C ."remove stress from our lives"D ."established links between diseases and stress"Passage ThreeOf the thousands of different kinds of animals that exist in the world man has learned to make friends with an enormous number. Some are pets, and offer him companionship; some give protection, and some do hard work which man cannot do for himself. Dogs, which serve man in all three capacities, are found in various breeds in all countries of the world. The Husky can live in the cold polar regions, and the Saluki is at home in the hottest parts of Central Africa. The inhabitants of certain countries are dependent for their very lives on the camel. In the West Indies the little donkey, strong and sure-footed, carrying heavy loads even in mountainous places, is a familiar sight.Trained and tamed for many generations, domestic animals are not accustomed to roaming(到处走动) in search of food and shelter. They look to their masters to provide for their needs, and as long as these are supplied, they are content to do what their masters require.All domestic animals need proper food. It must be suitable for them, sufficient in quantity, fresh and clean. Some people feed a pet dog or cat on odds and ends of table scraps, and then wonder why the animal seems listless(倦怠的) and dull. The quantity of food depends on the size of the animal and the amount of exercise it takes. Overfeeding is as bad as underfeeding. Containers for food and water must be washed regularly if the animal is to maintain good health.Even well cared for animals may sometimes fall ill. If this happens, the wise master seeks the best advice he can get. All sorts of medicines and treatments are available for sick animals, and in some countries organizations exist to provide them free or at a cheap price. Useful, friendly, hardworking animals deserve to have some time, money and attention spent on their health.11. What main idea does the author want to convey in the first paragraph?A) There exists thousands of species of animals in the world.B) Man came to establish a close relationship with a number of animals.C) In some regions a donkey seems to be a very useful beast.D) An animal will be useless unless domesticated.12. When an animal is underfed, it will probably ____.A) refuse to obey its masterB) immediately fall illC) require its master to offer some foodD) seek for food on its own13. Which of the following is NOT true of dogs according to the passage?A) They can act as friends, guards, and servants to man.B) They have great adaptation for the environment.C) There live a great variety of breeds of dogs on the globe.D) The Husky and the Saluki are the strongest breed ever known in the world.14. To keep a domestic animal physically fit, its owner is advised ____.A) not to hesitate to spend enormous amount of money on itB) to pay attention to its proper feedingC) not to allow it to take excessive amounts of exerciseD) to join some sort of pet-keeping organizations15. Which of the following would be best TITLE for this passage?A) Domesticated Animals - Man’s Best FriendB) Proper Diet - the Road to HealthC) The Advantages of Raising Domestic AnimalsD) Some Tips on Pet-keepingPassage FourNow let us look at how we read. When we read a printed text, our eyes move across a page in short, jerky movement. We recognize words usually when our eyes are still when they fixate. Each time they fixate, we see a group of words. This is known as the recognition span or the visual span. The length of time ofr which the eyes stop ---the duration of the fixation ----varies considerably from person to person. It also vaies within any one person according to his purpose in reading and his familiarity with the text. Furthermore, it can be affected by such factors as lighting and tiredness.Unfortunately, in the past, many reading improvement courses have concentrated too much on how our eyes move across the printed page. As a result of this misleading emphasis on the purely visual aspects of reading, numerous exercises have been devised to train the eyes to see more words at one fixation. For instance, in some exercises, words are flashed on to a screen for, say, a tenth or a twentieth of a second. One of the exercises has required students to fix their eyes on some central point, taking in the words on either side. Such word patterns are often constructed in the shape of rather steep pyramids so the reader takes in more and more words at each successive fixation. All these exercises are very clever, but it’s one thing to improve a person’s ability to see words and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently. Reading requires the ability to understand the relationship between words. Consequently, for these reasons, many experts have now begun to question the usefulness of eye training, especially since any approach which trains a person to read isolated words and phrases would seem unlikely to help him in reading a continuous text.16. The time of the recognition span can be affected by the following facts except ________ .A. one’s familiarity with the textB. one’s purpose in readingC. the length of a group of wordsD. lighting and tiredness17. The author may believe that reading ______.A. requires a reader to take in more words at each fixationB. requires a reader to see words more quicklyC. demands an deeply-participating mindD. demands more mind than eyes18. What does the author mean by saying “but it’s one thing to improve a person’s ability to see words and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently.”in the second parapraph?A. The ability to see words is not needed when an efficient reading is conducted.B. The reading exercises mentioned can’t help to improve both the ability to see and to comprehend words.C. The reading exercises mentioned can’t help to improve an efficient reading.D. The reading exercises mentioned has done a great job to improve one’s ability to see words.19. Which of the following is NOT true?A. The visual span is a word or a group of words we see each time.B. Many experts began to question the efficiency of eye training.C. The emphasis on the purely visual aspects is misleading.D.The eye training will help readers in reading a continuous text.20. The tone of the author in writing this article is ________A criticalB neutralC pessimisticD optimisticPart II Translation – English into Chinese 10%Self-respect and a clear conscience are powerful components of integrity and are the basis for enriching your relationships with others. Integrity means you do what of an easy morality, will always win the day. you do because it’s right and not just fashionable or politically correct. A life of principle, of not yielding to the tempting attractions.Part III Translation --- Chinese into English 10%一天，宋国有个农夫在耕地。
2012年北京学士学位英语考试真题及参考答案
北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试2012.5.12PartⅠ Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer sheet。
Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:The most famous collections of fairy tales are the ones by Jakob and Wilhelm Grimm. The Grimms published their first fairy-tale collection in 1812.They disappearing German folk culture. Their first edition (版本) was a scholarly book that carefully recorded the oral tales. They were surprised when some of their early readers suggested that the stories might be interesting to children。
But the Grimms needed money. They had made a bad deal with their publisher and received little payment for their first book. At one point Wilhelm complained there wasn’t a chair in his house one could sit on without worrying it would break. So he took the hint and set to work to make a book that would be suitable for children. He selected a few of the tales, made them much longer , and polished up the language. He didn’t add morals , but he did slip in character judgments and mo ralizing comments wherever he could。
2012年11月河南成人学士学位英语考试真题
2012年11月河南成人学士学位英语考试真题Part I Vocabulary and Structure (20 points, 20 minutes)Directions: there are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best complete the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the center.1. An investigation was made into the accident, ___ five people were killed.A. whereC. for thatB. whenD. in which2. Gravity is sure to play an important part, ___ the ball ___ into the air won’t go up.A. as, thrownB. for, thrownC. since, throwingD. as, throwing3. Research into the dynamics of storms is directed toward improving the ability to predict these events ___ to minimize damage and avoid loss of life.A. and thusB. soC. howeverD. because4. Long before children are able to speak a language, ___communicate through facial expressions and by making noises.A. howeverB. theyC. furthermoreD. who5. ___ difficulties we may come across, we will help one another to get over them.A. WhicheverB. WhateverC. HoweverD. What6. Evidence comes up ___ specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as six months old.A. whatB. thatC. whoseD. which7. Tom's education gave him an advantage ___boys who had not been to a college.A. overB. upC. toD. above8. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he ___our chairman, now.A. must have beenB. would have beenC. wereD. would been9. You ___ your homework lately and your class work isn't up to standard either.A. didn'tB .weren't doingC. haven’t been doingD .won't be doing10. Henry looked very much ___ when he was caught cheating in the exam.A. excitingB. excitedC. EmbarrassingD. embarrassed11. In this factory, suggestions often have to wait for months before they are fully ___.A, admittedB. acknowledgedC. absorbedD. considered12. They have developed techniques which are ___ to those used in most factories.A. simplerB. betterC. superiorD. greater13. The problem has ___simple because you didn't follow the instructions in the handbook.A. assembledB. arisenC. appearedD. resulted14. Though badly damaged by fire, the palace was eventually ___to its original splendor.A. recoveredB. restoredC. renewedD .replaced15. As it is a very popular play, it would be wise to ___ seats in advance.A. buyB. preserveC. bookD. occupy16. The quiz ___ of fifty multiple-choice items and five passages for reading.A. constitutesB. composesC. comprisesD. consists17. After the party, the children were allowed to finish off the ___sandwiches and cakes.A. remainedB. leavingC. leftD. remaining18. The policeman stopped him when he was driving home and ___ him of speeding.A. chargedB. accusedC. blamedD. implied19. Color-b1ind people often find it difficult to ___ between blue and green.A. separateB. distinguishC. compareD. contrast20. It suddenly ___ him that he should solve the problem with a computer.A. occurred toB. struck atC. hit onD. dawned inPart Ⅱ Cloze Test (10 points, 10 minutes)Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the one that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the center.Pubs can be found in every town, city or village in Britain. Social life for many people has 21___ on the pub for many years. Opening and closing times are 22___by law and, ten minutes before closing time, the barman or barmaid rings a bell or 23___，"Last orders!"When you go intoa pub you have to go to the bar,pay for your drink and carry it to your seat.It is 24___ in Britain to “go for a drink” with friends. People often 25___at a pub before going on to another place. On Friday and Saturday evening pubs in somecity centers can be very 26___. Some people do a tour of all pars in one 27___ and have a drink in each one: this is called a “pub crawl”.It used to be 28___ to get a cup of coffee in a pub, and children were not allowed inside. Though it is still against the law to serve alcohol to anyone under eighteen, pubs are now trying to 29___ family. Pubs with gardens or chairs arid tables outside are often crowded in the summer. Pubs are still a central part of British30___.21. A. centered B. depended C. based D. acted22. A. planned B. agreed C. decided D. accepted23. A. comforts B. explains C. shouts D. apologies24. A. customary B. strange C. important D. expensive25. A. call B. meet C. smoke D. discuss26. A. beautiful B. surprising C. crowded D. lonely27. A. corner B. room C. area D. street28. A. necessary B. difficult C. cheap D. common29. A. protect B. remind C. encourage D. punish30. A. history B. science C. education D. culturePart III Reading Comprehension (40points, 40 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this pant. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the center.Questions 31 to 35 arc based on the following passage:Shopping for clothes is not the same experience for a man as it is for a woman.A man goes shopping because he needs something, his purpose is settled and decided in advance. He knows what he wants and his objective is to find it and buy it; the price is a secondary consideration.All men simply walk into a shop and ask the assistant for what they went. If the shop has it in stock, the salesman promptly produces it, and the business of trying it on proceeds at once. All being we1l, the deal can be and often is completed in less than five minutes, with hardly any chat and to everyone's satisfaction.For a man, slight problems may begin when the shop does not have what he wants, or does not have exactly what he wants. In that case the salesman, as the name implies, tries to sell the customer something else. He offers the nearest he can to the article required. No good salesmanbrings out such a substitute directly, he does so with skill:"I know this jacket is not the sty]e you want, Sir! but would you like to try it for size? It happens to be the color you mentioned."Few men have patience with this treatment, and the usual response is:"This is the right color and may be the right size, but I should be wasting my time and yours by trying it on.”Now how does a woman go about buying clothes? In almost every respect she does so in the opposite way. Her shopping not often based on need .She has never fully made up her mind what she wants, and she is only "having a look round". She is always open to persuasion; indeed she sets great store by what the saleswoman tells her. She will try on any number of things. Uppermost in her mind is the thought of finding something that everyone thinks suits her.Contrary to a lot of jokes, most women have an excellent sense of value when they buy clothes. They are always on the lookout for the unexpected bargain. Faced with a roomful of dresses, a woman may easily spend an hour going from one rail to another, to and fro, before selecting the dresses she wants to try on. It is a 1aborious（费时的）process, but apparently an enjoyable one.Most dress shops provide chairs for the waiting husbands.31. When a man is buying clothes, ___.A. he buys cheap things, regardless of qualityB. he chooses things that others recommendC. he does not mind how much he has to pay for the right thingsD. he buys good quality things, so long as they are not too expensive32. What does a man do when he cannot get exactly what wants?A. He buys similar things of the color he wants.B. He usually does not buy anything.C. He tries on some other things, but never buys anything.D. So long as the size is right, he buys the thing.33. In commerce a good salesman is one who___.A. treats his customers kindly.B. always has in stock just what customers wantC. does not waste his time on difficult customersD. sells something a customer does not particularly want34. What does the passage tell us about women shoppers?A. They welcome suggestions from anyone.B. Women rarely consider buying cheap clothes.C. Women often buy things without giving the matter proper thoughtD. They listen to advice but never take it.35. What is the most obvious difference between men and women shoppers?A. The fact that men do not try clothes on in a shop.B. Women bargain for their clothes, but men do not.C. Women stand up to shop, but men sit down.D. The time they took over buying clothes.Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:The poverty line is the minimum income that people need for an acceptable standard of living. People with incomes below the poverty line are considered poor. Economists study the causes of poverty in order to find solutions to the problem.As the general standard of living in the country rises, the poverty line does, too. Therefore, even with today's relatively high standard of living, about ten percent of the people in the United States are below the poverty line. However, if these people had stable jobs, they could have an acceptable standard of living. Economists suggest several reasons why poor people do not have jobs.For one thing, more than half of the poor people in the United States are not qualified to work. Over 40 percent of the poor people are children. By law, childrenless than 16 years old cannot work in many industries. A large number of poor people are old. Many companies do not hire people over 65 years old, the normal retirement age.Some poor adults do not look for jobs for a variety of personal reasons: they are sick, they do not have any motivation, they have family problems, or they do not believe that they can find a job.Other poor people look for a job but cannot find one. Many poor adults never went to high school. Therefore, when they look for jobs, they have few skills that they can offer.At the present time, the government thinks it can reduce poverty in the country in the following ways. First, if the national economy grows, businesses and industries will hire more workers. Some of the poor who are qualified to look for jobs may fund employment. Then they will no longer be below the poverty line.Second, if society invests in the poor, the poor will become more productive. If the government spends money on social programs, education, and training for poor people, the poor will have the skills to offer, and then it is more likely that they can find jobs.Finally, if the government distributes society's income differently, it will raise some poor people above the poverty line. The government collects taxes from the non-poor and gives money to the poor. These payments to the poor are called welfare. In 1975 over 18 million people in the United States received welfare.Some economists are looking for better solution to the poverty problem. However, at the present time, many people depend on welfare for a minimally acceptable standard of living.36. The author's main purpose to write this article is___.A. to define what the poverty line isB. to explain why some people live below the poverty lineC. to find solutions to the problem of povertyD. to show sympathy for those poor people37. Which of the following is NOT true?A. Ten percent of the Americans live a poor life.B .Poor people are those who live below the poverty line.C. The poverty line rises as the general standard of living rises.D. The poverty line tends to be at the same level.38. More than 40 percent of the poor people are children. This is mainly because ___.A. they do not have enough motivationB. they are so young that they are deprived of chances to workC. they fail to get enough educationD. they are very poor in experience39. Most of the American poor people are not qualified for employment because___.A. they do not have any motivation to workB. they are not very self-confidentC. they are too young or too old to workD. they have physical and family problems40. We may conclude from the passage that___.A. better solutions to the poverty problem are not yet foundB. welfare will enable people to be richC. poor people are bound to go out of the poverty line of they have chances to do businessD. Employment is the best solution to the poverty problemQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage:A popularly-held view has it that “opportunity to' learn" is the key to educational success, i.e., the more time children spend on a subject, the better they do at it. According to the recent study there seems little correlation between time spent on a subject and performance of pupils in tests. Young Austrians spend exceptionally long hours on math and science lessons; for them it pays off in higher test scores. But so do New Zealand's teenagers and they do not do any better than, say Norwegians, who spend an unusually short time on lessons in both subjects. Nextand of particular interest to cash-strapped governments there appears to be little evidence to support the argument, often heard from teachers' unions, that the main cause of educational underachievement is underfunding. Low-spending countries such as South Korea and the Czech Republic are at the top. High-spenders such as America and Denmark do much worse. Obviously there are dozens of reasons other than spending why one country does well, another badly, but the success of the low –spending Czechs and Koreans does show that spending more on schools is not a prerequisite （前提） for improving standards.Another article of faith among the teaching profession that children are bound to do better in small classes is also being undermined by educational research. The study found that France, America and Britain, where children are usually taught in classes of twenty-odd, do significant1y worse than East Asian countries where almost twice as many pupils are crammed into each class. Again, there may be social reason why some countries can cope better with large classes than others. All the same, the comparison refutes the argument that larger is necessarily worse, Further, the study even cast some doubt over the cultural explanation for the greater success of East Asia: that there is some hard-to-define Asian culture, connected with parental authority and a strong social value on education, which makes children more eager to learn and easier to teach. Those who make this argument say it would of course be impossible to replicate such oriental magic in the West.Yet the results of the study suggest that this is, to put it mildly, exaggerated. If "culture" makes English children so poor at math, then why have they done so well at science (not far behind the Japanese and South Koreans)? Any why do English pupils do well at science and badly at math, while in France it is the other way around?A less mystical, more mundane explanation suggests itself English school: teach science well and math badly; French schools teach math better than science; East Asia schools teach both subjects well.41. The passage is mainly concerned with___.A. establishing a relationship between culture and educationB. exposing educational mythsC. introduction educational philosophiesD. comparing education philosophies42. All of the following are common-held beliefs about education EXCEPT___.A. time spent on a subject correlates with academic successB. educational achievements correlate with the money spentC. large classes contribute to poor educational achievementD .culture is not a deciding factor in school performance43. Which of the following statements is supported by the passage?A. Austrian teenagers do better than New Zealand's teenagersB. Low-spending will lead to good school performance.C. Students in large classes will do better than students in small class.D. Asian culture makes students eager to learn and easy to teach.44. The fact that English pupils do well at science and badly at math while in France it is the other way around is attributable to ___.A. cultural valuesB. teaching methodsC. class sizeD. money spent45. Which of the following countries does worse in science?A. Japan.B. South KoreaC. Britain.D. FranceQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage:"Clean your plate!" and “Be a member of the clean-plate club!"Just about every kid in the US has heard this from a parent or grandparent. Often, it's accompanied by an appeal:"Just think about those starving （饥饿）in Africa! Sure, we should be grateful for every bite of food. Unfortunately, many people in the US take too many bites. Instead of staying "clean the plate”, perhaps we should save some food for tomorrow.According to news reports, US restaurants are partly to blame for the growing bellies （肚子）. A waiter puts a plate of food in front of each customer, with twoto four times the amount recommended （推荐） by the government, according to a USA Today story. Americans traditionally associate quantity with value and most restaurants try to give them that. They prefer to have customers complain about too much food rather than too little.Barbara Rolls, a nutrition professor at Pennsylvania State University, told USA Today that restaurant portion sizes began to grow in the 1970s, the same time that the American waistline began to expand.Health experts have tried to get many restaurants to serve smaller portions. Now, apparent1y, some customs are calling for this too. The restaurant industry trade magazine QSR reported last month that 57 percent o f more than 4,000 people surveyed believe restaurants serve portions thatAre too large; 23 percent had no opinion; 20 percent disagreed. But a closer look at the survey indicates that many Americans who can’t afford fine dining still large portions. Seventy percent of those earning at least $150.000 per year prefer smaller portions; but only 45 percent of those earning less than $25,000 want smaller.It's not that working class Americas don't want to eat healthy. It's just that, after long hours at low-paying jobs, getting less on their plate hardly seem like a good dea1. They live from paycheck （薪水）to paycheck, happy to save a little money for next year's Christmas presents.46. Parents in the United States rend to ask their children ___.A. to save foodB. to wash the dishesC. not to waste foodD. not to eat too much47. Why do American restaurants serve large portions?A. Because Americans associate quantity with valueB. Because Americans have big belliesC. Because Americans are good eatersD. Because Americans are greedy48. What happened in the 1970s?A. The US government recommended the amount of food a restaurant gave to a customer.B. Health experts persuaded restaurants to serve smaller portions.C. The United States produced more grain then needed.D. The American waistline started to expand.49. What does the survey indicate?A. Many poor Americans want large portions.B. Twenty percent Americans want smaller potions.C. Fifty seven percent Americans earn $150,000 per year.D. Twenty three percent Americans earn less than $25, 000 per year.50. Which of the following is NOT true of working class Americans?A. they work long hours.B. they live from paycheck to paycheckC. they don't want to be healthy eaters.D. They want to save money for their children.Part IV English-Chinese Translation (10 points, 20 minutes)Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese.（51）Each child has his individual pattern of social, as well as physical, development. Some of it depends on his home life and his home life and his relationships with the people who love him.（52）Children in large families learn how to get along with others through normal brother-sister play and tussles（争斗）.An only child, on the other hand, may have to learn his lessons in social living through hard experiences on the playground or in the classroom.（53）Twins who always have one another to lean on may be slow in responding to others because they do not need anyone else.（54）A child who is constantly scolded（责骂）and made to fell he does everything wrong may have a difficult time developing socially. He may be so afraid of displeasing the adults around him that he keeps to himself (where he can't get intotrouble),（55） or he may take the opposite route（道路）and go out of his way to create trouble. Like the isolated child, he too may return to infantile pleasures, developing habits that will satisfy him, but create barriers toward social contact.Part V Writing (20 points, 30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are given 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic of Classroom Learning or E-learning. You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese.1. 我的观点：是喜欢传统的课堂学习还是网络教育？2. 给出两个或以上喜欢的原因。
学位英语历年真题带答案12-11
成人本科学士学位英语统一考试2012年11月03日Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Y ou should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:It seems like every day there’s some new research about whether our favorite drinks are good for us. (76) One day, science says a glass of red wine a day will help us live longer. The next day, maybe not. It seems journalists are pretty interested in wine research and the same might be said for coffee. Now，there’s been a lot of research into whether coffee’s good for our health.“The results have really been mixed，”admits Neal Freedman who led the coffee study and published his findings in a medical journal recently. “There’s been some evidence that coffee might increase the risk of certain diseases and th ere’s also been maybe more recent evidence that coffee may protect against other diseases as well.”Freedman and his colleagues undertook the biggest study yet to look at the relationship between coffee and health. They analyzed data collected from more than 400,000 Americans ages 50 to 71 participating in the study. “We found that the coffee drinkers had a modestly lower risk of death than the non-drinkers，”he said. Here’s what he means by“modestly”：those who drank at least two or three cups a day were about 10 percent or 15 percent less likely to die for any reason during the 13 years of the study. When the researchers looked at specific causes of death, coffee drinking appeared to cut the risk of dying from heart disease, lung disease, injuries, accidents and infections.Now, Freedman stressed that the study doesn’t prove coffee can make people live longer. A study like this can never prove a cause-and-effect relationship. (77) All it can really do is to point researchers in the right direction for further investigation. And even if it turns out that coffee is really good for you, scientists have no idea why.1. According to the first paragraph, reporters would like to know the research findings of .A. teaB. beerC. alcoholD. coffee2. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?A. Freedman and his colleagues hired 400,000 Americans to collect data.B. About four hundred thousand Americans worked for Freedman’s team full time for 13 years.C. People who t ook part in Freedman’s research are about 50 to 70 years old.D. People who are 50 to 70 years old seldom drink coffee.3. According to the author, scientists .A. have already proved that coffee is good for human healthB. have a long way to go before they find a way to study coffeeC. have avoided the cause-and-effect approach to study coffeeD. are still unable to figure out why coffee is good for us4. The word “mixed”in the first paragraph means “”.A. both good and badB. put togetherC. both sharp and softD. confused5. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?A. Can Beer Help You Live Longer?B. Can Coffee Help You Live Longer?C. Can Wine Help You Live Longer?D. Can Tea Help You Live Longer?Passage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:When we’re learning a foreign language, making sense of what we hear is the first step toward fluency. It sounds obvious, but until recently, we didn’t know much about how listen ing works. New research demonstrates that effective listening involves more than simply hearing the words that float past our ears. Rather, it’s an active process of receiving information and making meaning. This kind of engaged listening is a skill that’s as critical for learning a range of subjects at school and work as it is for learning to understand a foreign tongue.(78) Studies of skilled language learners have identified specific listening strategies that lead to superior comprehension. Last year, for example, University of Ottawa researcher Larry Vandergrift published his study of 106 undergraduates who were learning French as a second language. Half of the students were taught in a conventional fashion, listening to and practicing texts spoken aloud. The other half, possessing the same initial (最初的) skill level and taught by the same teacher, were given detailed instruction on how to listen. It mined out that the second group “significantly outperformed”(胜过) the first one on a test of comprehension.So what are these listening strategies? Skilled learners go into a listening class with a sense of what they want to get out of it. (79) They set a goal for their listening and they generate predictions about what the speaker will say. Before the talking begins, they mentally review what they already know about the subject, and form an intention to “listen out for”what’s important or relevant. Once they begin listening, these learners maintain their focus; if their attention wanders, they bring it back to the words being spoken. They don’t allow themselves to be thrown off by confusing or unfamiliar details. Instead, they take note of what they don’t understand and make inferences about what those things might mean, based on other clues available to them: their previous knowledge of the subject, the context (语境) of the talk,, the identity of the speaker, and so on.6. What is the main idea of this passage?A. Effective listening means hearing the words that float past our ears.B. Developing your listening skills is the first step toward developing fluency.C. Skilled listeners use specific strategies to get the most out of what they hear.D. Listening is one of the most powerful tools we have to gain information.7. What does Vandergrift’s r esearch show?A. Learners who adopt specific listening strategies become better listeners.B. Learners taught in the traditional way are better at reinforcing what they learn.C. Learners are more confident if they make fewer mistakes.D. Learners who listen on a regular basis improve faster.8. Which of the following statements about Vandergrift’s research is TRUE?A. The participants were postgraduates learning French as a second language.B. All the participants were taught using the conventional method, with the focus on listening strategies.C. The two groups were taught by different teachers.D. The participants were at the same initial skill level.9. The expression“thrown off”in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to“”.A. infectedB. confusedC. ruinedD. informed10. According to the passage, which of the following strategies is NOT used by skilled learners?A. Review their prior knowledge of the subject.B. Concentrate on the speaker’s words.C. Translate into their native language.D. Predict what the speaker will say.Passage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:(80) As the Titanic was sinking and women and children climbed into lifeboats, the musicians from the ship’s ba nd stood and played. They died when the ship went down. Men stood on the deck and smoked cigarettes. They died, too. This behavior is puzzling to economists, who like to believe that people tend to act in their own self interest. “There was no pushing,”says David Savage, an economist at Queensland University in Australia who has studied witness reports from the survivors. It was “very, very orderly behavior.”Savage has compared the behavior of the passengers on the Titanic with those on the Lusitania, another ship that also sank at about the same time. But when the Lusitania went down, the passengers panicked(恐慌). There were a lot of similarities between these two events. These two ships were both luxury ones, they had a similar number of passengers and a similar number of survivors.The biggest difference, Savage concludes, was time. The Lusitania sank in less than 20 minutes. But for the Titanic, it was two-and-a-half hours. “If you’ve got an event that lasts two-and-a-half hours, social order will take over and everybody will behave in a social manner,”Savage says.“If you’re going down in under 17 minutes, basically it’s instinctual.”On the Titanic, social order ruled, and it was women and children first. On the Lusitania, instinct won out. The survivors were largely the people who could swim and get into the lifeboats.Yes, we’re self-interested, Savage says. But we’re also part of a society. Given time, social norms (规范) can beat our natural self-interest. A hundred years ago, women and children always went first. Men were stoic (坚忍的). On the Titanic, there was enough time for these norms to become forceful.11. According to the author, economists were confused because .A. people’s behavior was disorderly on the TitanicB. people did not act in their own interest on the TitanicC. most men did not act in their own interest on the LusitaniaD. women and children could not climb into the lifeboats12. The expression“won out” in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to“”.A. took the upper handB. went out of controlC. ran wildD. shut down13. According to David Savage, was a critical factor in determining people’s behavior in the sinking of these two ships.A. social orderB. placeC. instinctD. time14. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE?A. Both ships were expensive ones.B. A similar number of women and children from both ships survived.C. About the same number of people from each ship died.D. Both ships had a similar number of passengers.15. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?A. Why Didn’t Musicians Play on the Lusitania?B. Why Did Musicians Play on the Titanic?C. Why Didn’t Passengers Panic on the Titanic?D. Why Did Men Smoke on the Titanic?Part ⅡVocabulary and Structure (30%)Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the Corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.16. Have you ever visited the Summer Palace，there are many beautiful halls, ridges and a huge lake?A. whichB. thatC. whereD. when17. Mr. Obama will give a speech on the current situation at the meeting next week inBeijing.A. to holdB. heldC. holdingD. to be held18. It was in a small village in the south he spent his childhood and met his life-longfriend—the local schoolmaster.A. whereB. whenC. whichD. that19. First of all, a teacher should show love for his students on top of his academicknowledge. , he is not qualified for his position.A. ThereforeB. OtherwiseC. HoweverD. Because20. For many overseas Chinese, China is their real , because they were born and grew up there.A. homeB. familyC. houseD. household21. With all your brains you the math test, but you failed. You were too careless.A. should passB. should have passedC. must passD. must have passed22. When he entered the room he found a cat quietly under the desk.A. lieB. liesC. to lieD. lying23. Today Mrs Smith _ herself in white like a nurse at the garden party.A. woreB. putC. sentD. dressed24. In road rules the red light is a _ for traffic to stop.A. signB. sightC. siteD. size25. I can you for your rude manners but you must apologize in public.A. forbidB. forgetC. forecastD. forgive26. General Blair had been in the army for 35 years when he retired from the navy.A. serviceB. workC. jobD. homework27. Linda is quite different her sister in character：she likes friends and goes out a lot whileher sister always stays alone at home.A. toB. fromC. atD. on28. Jim was absent from school for the whole week a bad cold.A. because ofB. in addition toC. according toD. in front of29. Some people like to a small sum of money in case of urgent need.A. deal withB. use upC. set asideD. take off30. Mr. Smith feels greatly with his son’s performance in school as he is always the top ofhis class.A. disturbedB. worriedC. distressedD. satisfied31.Skating is such a_____sport in the northeast of China that almost everybody there knows howto skate.A. likelyB. famousC. popularD. long32. The teacher suggested that they __ in the exercise at once.A. had handedB. should have handedC. handedD. hand33. He did not go to school yesterday because he _ __ his father who was ill.A. must have looked afterB. would have to look afterC. had to look afterD. should have looked after34. After walking for half an hour, she realized that she in the wrong direction.A. had been walkingB. has been walkingC. walkedD. would have walked35. Don’t smoke in the classroom, ?A. do youB. will youC. can youD. could you36. There is not much time left, so I shall tell you about it .A. in detailB. in briefC. for shortD. in all37. _ _ the room than the telephone rang once more.A. Hardly when he enteredB. Hardly he enteredC. No sooner he had enteredD. No sooner had he entered38. My bike is old, it is in good condition.A. thereforeB. soC. neverthelessD. moreover39. There is that he has tried his best in the examination.A. not to denyB. not denyingC. no denyingD. without denying40. Would you to come to the meeting this weekend?A. be so kindB. be kind asC. be so kind asD. be kind41. He will write to me as soon as he home.A. will have returnedB. returnsC. returnedD. will return42. is generally believed, there is no water on the moon.A. AsB. WhatC. ThatD. It43. He devoted his whole life to care of the disabled children.A. takesB. takingC. tookD. take44.The student continued his university study his family -,vas poor.A. even thoughB. as thoughC. now thatD. since45. His father was put into_ prison，and he had to go to _prison to visit him once in a while.A. a; theB. the; aC. a;/D. /;thePart III Identification (10%)Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one that is not correct. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.46. Putting the bottles, boxes and books back where they belong, please. Don’t leaveA B C Dthem on the desk.47. Though Jack is only 7 years old but he is clever enough to work out that puzzleA B Cdifficult even for a grown-up.D48. I opened the letter and it contained an important information that told us to stayA B Cwhere we were.D49. Unlike Jim, I go to work by foot instead of by car every morning.A B C D50. If heating, ice will change into water or steam.A B C D51. Weather permit, we’ll have the match tomorrow.A B C D52. Don’t you think it’s the most worst film we have seen since we came here ten years ago?A B C D53. She is as gifted as she is more intelligent.A B C D54. The teacher, as well as his students, were present at the meeting.A B C D55. Walking alone in the desert, the traveler is boring.A B C DPart IV Cloze (10%)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage, and for each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D at the end of the passage. Y ou should choose ONE answer that best fits into the passage. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Visitors to the zoo usually pity the animals owing to their particular emotional associations (联想). Which animals should be indeed pitied?The first type are those clever and 56 developed animals 57 lively intelligence and desire for activity can 58 no outlet behind the bars of the cage. Those animals living in a free state before 59 in the zoo have a strong desire for moving about 60 , but have to mm around repeatedly in their quarters. Owing to this disappointment, foxes and wolves 61 in places which are far too small, are among the most 62 of all zoo animals.Another sad scene, seldom 63 by ordinary zoo visitors, is the 64 flying trials of swans (天鹅) at migration (迁徙) time. These creatures, like most other water birds, are generally made unable to fly by the 65 of cutting off a tip of the wing bone. 66 such swans in the zoo generally seem happy under 67 care and they raise their young without any trouble, at migration time things become 68 . The birds never really 69 that they can no longer fly, and repeatedly swim to the 70 of the pond so that they can have the whole extent of its surface when trying to 71 against the wind. Meanwhile, their loud flying calls can be heard as they try to 72 , and again and again the grand preparations end in 73 .I do not like seeing those 74 water birds in the zoo. The missing tip of one wing and thestill sadder picture that the bird makes when it 75 its wings hurt me badly. What a truly sorry picture it is!56. A. high B. highly C. deep D. deeply57. A. whose B. whom C. that D. which58. A. find B. lose C. declare D. transform59. A. to be put B. being put C. to put D. putting60. A. partly B. highly C. deeply D. freely61. A. kept B. keeping C. rose D. rising62. A. victorious B. thoughtful C. miserable D. fortunate63. A. scattered B. written C. noticed D. wakened64. A. similar B. suitable C. apparent D. constant65. A. experiment B. operation C. treatment D. movement66. A. Although B. When C. Since D. Because67. A. original B. proper C. parallel D. precious68. A. private B. public C. different D. similar69. A. suggest B. assure C. underline D. realize70. A. limit B. side C. middle D. center71. A. take off B. stand up C. take up D. stand by72. A. spring B. raise C. swell D. rise73. A. passage B. support C. failure D. success74. A. upright B. powerful C. valuable D. unlucky75. A. spreads B. strengthens C. enlarges D. inspectsPart V Translation (20%)Section ADirections: In this part there are five sentences which you should translate into Chinese. These sentences are all taken from the 3 passages you have just read in Reading Comprehension. You can refer back to the passages to identify their meanings in the context.76.One day, science says a glass of red wine a day will help us live longer.77.All it can really do is to point researchers in the right direction for further investigation.78.Studies of skilled language learners have identified specific listening strategies that lead tosuperior comprehension.79.They set a goal for their listening, and they generate predictions about what the speaker willsay.80.As the Titanic was sinking and women and children climbed into lifeboats, the musicians fromthe ship’s band stood and played.SectionBDirections：In this part there are five sentences in Chinese．You should translate them into English．Be sure to write clearly．81．他是第一个在月球上行走的人。
2012年12月研究生英语学位课统考真题
2012年12月研究生英语学位课统考真题（A 卷）GENRAL ENGLISH QUALIFYING TESTFOR NON-ENGLISH MAJOR GRADUATE STUDENTS考试注意事项一、本考试有两份试卷组成：试卷一（Paper one）包括听力理解、词汇、完型填空与阅读理解四部分，共80题，按顺序统一编号；试卷二（Paper two）包括翻译和写作两部分，共三题。
此外，试卷分A、B 卷，请考生注意在答题卡上标出自己的试卷类型。
二、试卷一（题号1-80）为客观评分题（听力Section C 部分除外），答案一律用2B铅笔做在机读卡答题纸上，在对应题号下所选的字母中间画黑道，如 [A][B][C][D]。
三、试卷二为主观评分题，答案做在ANSWER SHEEII上。
答题前，请仔细阅读试卷二的注意事项。
四、试卷一、试卷二上均不得作任何记号（听力Section C部分除外），答案一律写在答题纸上，否则无效。
五、本考试全部时间为150分钟，采用试卷一盒试卷二分卷计时的办法。
试卷一考试时间为90分钟，听力理解部分以放完录音带为准，大约25分钟；其余部分共计时65分钟，每部分所占时间均标在试卷上，考生可自行掌握。
试卷二共计时60分钟，每部分所占时间均标在试卷上，考生可自行掌握。
六、试卷一与试卷二采取分别收卷的办法。
每次终了时间一到，考生一律停笔，等候监考老师收点试卷及答题纸。
全部考试结束后，须待监考老师将全部试卷及答题纸收点无误并宣布本次考试结束，方可离开考场。
PAPER ONEPart I Listening Comprehension (25miniutes, 20 points)Section A (1point each)Directions:In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. Choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.1. A. His arms. B. His legs. C. His head. D. His should2. A. Bennie is travelling to San Francisco by air.B. Bennie is very happy about the promotion.C. Bennie has quit a well-paid job.D. Bennie enjoys working in the office.3. A. At 1:45. B. At 2:15. C. At 2:30. D. At 2:45.4. A. Jeffrey is not a good helping hand.B. Jeffrey is too young to start a new career.C. They agree with each other on many things.D. They really dislike each other.C.5. A. A SUV. B. A sport car. C. A minivan. D. A cargo truck.6. A. Because the lab was really a mess.B. Because the boss was too strict.C. Because the driver was absent-minded.D. Because someone in the group was manipulative.7. A. Jessica didn’t want the job anyway.B. Jessica herself is to blame.C. Jessica should stop her dog from barking.D. Jessica had something in the tree.8. A. At a restaurant. B. At the airport.C. At a service station.D. At a café.9. A. She has been busy with Biochemistry.B. She hasn’t got a partner yet.C. She prefers Microbiology to Biochemistry.D. She has to drop the lab class.Section B (I point each)Directions: In this section, you will hear two mini-talks. At the end of each talk, there will be some questions. Both the talks and the questions will be read to you ONLY ONCE. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.Mini-talk one10 A. Organizing campus activities.B. Taking visitors to various colleges.C. Offering information on American colleges.D. Advising on which university to attend.11. A. Admission requirements. B. Sports programs.C. International database. C. Virtual campus tours.12. A. Because they found many related websites lacking visual materials.B. Because they wanted to compete with the tradition of a personal visit.C. Because they intended to choose their ideal colleges.D. Because they couldn’t contact a school directly.Mini-talk two13. A. More than 57 million dollars. B. More than 75 million dollars.C. About 550 million dollars.D. More than 15 billion dollars.14. A. Lights and windows.B. Restrooms and elevator equipment.C. Office conditions and environment.D. Lease rates and payment.15. A. An investment association will be set up.B. The building will be illuminated by green lights.C. The occupants will get into trouble.D. The cost of office space will double.Section C (1point each)Directions: In this section, you will hear a short lecture. Listen to the recording and complete the notes about the lecture. You will hear the recording TWICE. After the recording you are asked to write down your answers on the answer sheet. You now have 25 seconds to read the notes below.（请在录音结束后把第16-20题的答案抄写在答题纸上）16. Post-holiday syndrome is a commonly used term which depicts the _____________ (2 words) occurring after thewinter holidays and festival season.17. Expecting to ___________________ (4 words) is a way of telling yourself that this is a normal feeling.18. Lift your spirits by continuing to _______________ (3 words) friends and family, and getting out and about to doactivities.19. Choose activities that meet your __________________ (3 words), and that you know will give you a thrill.20. Once you’re ___________________ (2 words) planning and doing, you’ll be too busy to worry.Part II Vocabulary (10 minutes, 10 points)Section A (0.5 point each)Directions: In this section, there are teen questions. Each question is a sentence with one word or phrase underlined. Below the sentence are four words or phrases marked by A, B, C, and D. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet21. These findings run counter to the belief that alcohol stands in the way ofanalytical thinking.A. spursB. hindersC. triggersD. accompanies22. As in the rest of the continent, South Africa still has to contend withoverwhelming poverty.A. suffer fromB. bring aboutC. invest inD. fight against23. The operation was a success and he had excellent prospects for a fullrecovery.A. thoughtsB. outputsC. oddsD. ambitions24. Destiny is defined by individuals keen to imagine a future that is differentfrom the reality.A. eagerB. unwillingC. sharpD. quick25. My mother keeps reminding me to stick to my principles and remain honest inwhatever I do.A. adhere toB. set aboutC. insist onD. come upon26. There is nothing worse than a boss who gives implicit instructions and thengets disappointed by the work you give in.A. explicitB. ambiguousC. considerableD. coherent27. About three years into this job, these migrant labors came to accept the harshfacts in time.A. punctuallyB. immediatelyC. originallyD. eventually28. An aircraft is equipped with a sophisticated electronic system for the sake ofsafety.A. highly-developedB. newly-developedC. well-meantD. long-lived29. This trip offers an opportunity to enjoy the profound silence of the deep,unaltered desert.A. dramaticB. importantC. completeD. distant30. All Fire Police Officers are sworn officers of the law and should display a (n)badge of authority when on duty.A. multitudeB. tokenC. airD. degreeSection B (0.5 point each)Directions: In this section, there are teen questions. Each question is a sentence with something missing. Below each sentence are four words or phrases marked by A, B, C, and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet。
2012年5月学位英语真题及超详细答案
第一节：（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有1个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman want to do?A. Ask for the time.B. Repair her watch .C. Buy a new watch.2. What is the man most probably ?A. A driver.B. A passenger .C. A policeman.3. What are the two speakers doing?A. They are having a meeting .B. They are talking on the phone.C. They are listening to the radio.4. What is the possible relationship between the two speakers?A. Father and daughter.B. Professor and student .C. Two good friends.5. When did the man probably leave the gate?A. At 12:00.B. At 12: 30.C. At 1:00.第二节：（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至第7题。
6. Who is the woman speaking to?A. Her husband.B. A policeman.C. A fire-fighter.7. What has happened to the woman’s house?A. It’s been burnt down.B. It’s been broken into.C. It’s been damaged.听第7段材料，回答第8至第9题。
2012年12月研究生英语学位课统考真题
20##12月研究生英语学位课统考真题〔A 卷〕GENRAL ENGLISH QUALIFYING TEST FOR NON-ENGLISH MAJOR GRADUATE STUDENTS考试注意事项一、本考试有两份试卷组成：试卷一〔Paper one〕包括听力理解、词汇、完型填空与阅读理解四部分,共80题,按顺序统一编号；试卷二〔Paper two〕包括翻译和写作两部分,共三题.此外,试卷分A、B卷,请考生注意在答题卡上标出自己的试卷类型.二、试卷一〔题号1-80〕为客观评分题〔听力Section C 部分除外〕,答案一律用2B铅笔做在机读卡答题纸上,在对应题号下所选的字母中间画黑道,如 [A][B][C][D].三、试卷二为主观评分题,答案做在ANSWER SHEEII上.答题前,请仔细阅读试卷二的注意事项.四、试卷一、试卷二上均不得作任何记号〔听力Section C部分除外〕,答案一律写在答题纸上,否则无效.五、本考试全部时间为150分钟,采用试卷一盒试卷二分卷计时的办法.试卷一考试时间为90分钟,听力理解部分以放完录音带为准,大约25分钟；其余部分共计时65分钟,每部分所占时间均标在试卷上,考生可自行掌握.试卷二共计时60分钟,每部分所占时间均标在试卷上,考生可自行掌握.六、试卷一与试卷二采取分别收卷的办法.每次终了时间一到,考生一律停笔,等候监考老师收点试卷与答题纸.全部考试结束后,须待监考老师将全部试卷与答题纸收点无误并宣布本次考试结束,方可离开考场.PAPER ONEPart I Listening Comprehension <25miniutes, 20 points> Section A <1point each>Directions:In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. Choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.1. A. His arms. B. His legs. C. His head. D. His should2. A. Bennie is travelling to San Francisco by air.B. Bennie is very happy about the promotion.C. Bennie has quit a well-paid job.D. Bennie enjoys working in the office.3. A. At 1:45. B. At 2:15. C. At 2:30. D. At 2:45.4. A. Jeffrey is not a good helping hand.B. Jeffrey is too young to start a new career.C. They agree with each other on many things.D. They really dislike each other.C.5. A. A SUV. B. A sport car. C. A minivan. D. A cargo truck.6. A. Because the lab was really a mess.B. Because the boss was too strict.C. Because the driver was absent-minded.D. Because someone in the group was manipulative.7. A. Jessica didn’t want the job anyway.B. Jessica herself is to blame.C. Jessica should stop her dog from barking.D. Jessica had something in the tree.8. A. At a restaurant. B. At the airport.C. At a service station.D. At a café.9. A. She has been busy with Biochemistry.B. She hasn’t got a partner yet.C. She prefers Microbiology to Biochemistry.D. She has to drop the lab class.Section B <I point each>Directions: In this section, you will hear two mini-talks. At the end of each talk, there will be some questions. Both the talks and the questions will be read to you ONLY ONCE. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.Mini-talk one10 A. Organizing campus activities.B. Taking visitors to various colleges.C. Offering information on American colleges.D. Advising on which university to attend.11. A. Admission requirements. B. Sports programs.C. International database. C. Virtual campus tours.12. A. Because they found many related websites lacking visual materials.B. Because they wanted to compete with the tradition of a personal visit.C. Because they intended to choose their ideal colleges.D. Because they couldn’t contact a school directly.Mini-talk two13. A. More than 57 million dollars. B. More than 75 million dollars.C. About 550 million dollars.D. More than 15 billion dollars.14. A. Lights and windows.B. Restrooms and elevator equipment.C. Office conditions and environment.D. Lease rates and payment.15. A. An investment association will be set up.B. The building will be illuminated by green lights.C. The occupants will get into trouble.D. The cost of office space will double.Section C <1point each>Directions: In this section, you will hear a short lecture. Listen to the recording and complete the notes about the lecture. You will hear the recording TWICE. After the recording you are asked to write down your answers on the answer sheet. You now have 25 seconds to read the notes below.〔请在录音结束后把第16-20题的答案抄写在答题纸上〕16. Post-holiday syndrome is a commonly used term which depicts the_____________ <2words>occurring after the winter holidays and festival season.17. Expecting to ___________________ <4 words>is a way of telling yourselfthat this is a normal feeling.18. Lift your spirits by continuing to _______________ <3words> friends andfamily, and getting out and about to do activities.19. Choose activities that meet your __________________ <3words>, and thatyou know will give you a thrill.20. Once you’re ___________________ <2 words>planning and doing, you’ll be too busy to worry.Part II Vocabulary <10 minutes, 10 points>Section A <0.5 point each>Directions: In this section, there are teen questions. Each question is a sentence with one word or phrase underlined. Below the sentence are four words or phrases marked by A, B, C, and D. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet21. These findings run counter to the belief that alcohol stands in the way ofanalytical thinking.A. spursB. hindersC. triggersD. accompanies22. As in the rest of the continent, South Africa still has to contend withoverwhelming poverty.A. suffer fromB. bring aboutC. invest inD. fight against23. The operation was a success and he had excellent prospects for a fullrecovery.A. thoughtsB. outputsC. oddsD. ambitions24. Destiny is defined by individuals keen to imagine a future that isdifferent from the reality.A. eagerB. unwillingC. sharpD. quick25. My mother keeps reminding me to stick to my principles and remain honestin whatever I do.A. adhere toB. set aboutC. insist onD. come upon26. There is nothing worse than a boss who gives implicit instructions andthen gets disappointed by the work you give in.A. explicitB. ambiguousC. considerableD. coherent27. About three years into this job, these migrant labors came to accept theharsh facts in time.A. punctuallyB. immediatelyC. originallyD. eventually28. An aircraft is equipped with a sophisticated electronic system for the sakeof safety.A. highly-developedB.newly-developed C.well-meantD. long-lived29. This trip offers an opportunity to enjoy the profound silence of the deep,unaltered desert.A. dramaticB. importantC. completeD. distant30. All Fire Police Officers are sworn officers of the law and should displaya <n> badge of authority when on duty.A. multitudeB. tokenC. airD. degree Section B <0.5 point each>Directions: In this section, there are teen questions. Each question is a sentence with something missing. Below each sentence are four words or phrases marked by A,B,C, and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet31. Eight badminton players were charges with trying to ________ the outcomeof preliminary matches.A. dominateB. manipulateC. eliminateD. simulate32. In the beginning, few people were ________ Barack Obama to make asignificant impact in the race.A. counting onB. turning outC. proceeding toD. conforming to33. Self-esteem is the ability to be ________ of one’s own abilities, talent,worth and value.A. ensuredB. insuredC. assuredD. treasured34. Children of parents who do not go to university are probably more reluctantto ________ secondary education than those who did.A. put inB. fill inC. check inD. enroll in35. Learning something new is after all, what scientific experiments are all____.A. aboutB. againstC. towardsD. around36. A large –scale wildfire broke out that forced the ________ of 2,000 peoplejust west of Madrid.A. speculationB. successionC. evaluationD. interrogation37. Intellectually brilliant students from this high school are most ________ tobe admitted to elite universities.A. probableB. likelyC. possibleD. liable38. Her right hand occasionally ________ from singing her name so manytimes.A. yelledB. propelledC. compelledD. swelled39. Artists should cultivate their own ________ style rather than alwaysimitating others.A. singleB. individualC. privateD. separate40. The key to efficient reading is the ability to judge the writer’s position________ the information he is presenting.A. in spite ofB. in relation toC. in place ofD. in support of Part III Close Test <10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each> Directions: In this section, there are teen questions. Read the passage through. Then, go back and choose one suitable word or phrase marked by A, B,C, or D for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding letter of the word or phrase you’ve chosen with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer SheetE-commerce has revolutionized the way business is done in today’smarket. However, customers are at ___41__ of purchasing false products or poor quality items. Many ___42___ the distance between customers and send the wrong goods and lure clients to buy goods recommended as great ___43___, but when customers receive these items, they find themselves falling into traps.Many dangers, __44__ by the obscurity of e-commerce, involve the products and the electronic transaction. From the buyer’s __45__, dangers include purchasing products not measuring __46__ what was previously advertised in the website. Another risk is identity theft. Since electronic transactions are needed to complete the purchase, hackers may acquire __47__ information about the user to make other purchase.There are still honest businesses that sell their products and services but gain a very small profit by __48__the prices of their products because they have a lot of competition in the Internet. That is __49__ one of the hazards of e-commerce that should be considered is the bankruptcy of businesses since profits is low if they need __50__ their goods as cheaply as possible.41. A. time B. random C. sight D. risk42. A. take advantage of B. cast doubt onC. give rise toD. go ahead with43. A. deceptions B. bargains C. opportunities D. advertisements44. A. managed B. created C. prevented D. led45. A. prospect B. aspect C. respect D. perspective46. A. as to B. prior to C. up to D. next to47. A. confidential B. superficial C. potential D. initial48. A. raising B. disqualifying C. exaggerating D. minimizing49. A. how B. because C. why D. where50. A. selling B. to sell C. sell D. soldPART IV Reading Comprehension <45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each> Directions:In this section, there are five short passages. Read each passage carefully, and then do the questions that follow. Choose the best answer from the four choices marked by A,B, C, or D and mark the corresponding letterwith a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer SheetPassage OneOne of the areas in which people tend to have ideas that don’t make sense is that of rights. For example, many Americans believe that our rights, described in the declaration of Independence and the constitution, drive fromthe god or from the very nature of being human, including the individual right to bear arms. Yet people in most law-governed democracies other than the United States do not have an individual right to bear arms. How, then, can the right to bear arms derive from god? Is this a special right that can be created by the people via government?It is claimed that we can trace the right to be armed to legal and political events in 17th century English history, this time relating to hunting and gaming laws. How does a fundamental natural right lie sleeping throughout the first 6,000 years of recorded history, only to wake to full flower due to conflicts over gaming laws in Restoration England? In the mid-1980s, the idea that people have a right to have consensual sex with partners of any gender was pronounced "joking inappropriately〞by the Supreme Court; 25 yeas later it feels like an obvious, natural outgrowth of the Bill of Rights. If rights evolve this way through the dialectics of culture and history, just how "natural〞can they be?Such are the idle thoughts that occur in the wake of America’s latest episode of horrifying, meaningless mass slaughter. A large segment of the American public these days apparently finds it offensive to talk about gun control after these sorts of cruelty occur. As economist Mr. Wolfers said: "Let’s not talk about gun control. It’s too early, right? It’s always too early. Except when it’s too late.〞Mr. Wolfer is right: the "too early〞construction is ridiculous. The only thing that is certain now is that gun control is uncertain in American. It’s never going to happen. There are too many guns out there, and an individual right to bear arms is now established in constitutional law. So this is just what one of America’s many faces is going to be: a bitterly divided, hatefully cynical country where insane people have easy access to semiautomatic weapons and occasionally use them to commit crime. We will continue to see more and more of this sort of thing, and there’s nothing we can realistically do about it.51. The author begins by arguing that Americans’ right to bear arms?A. is stipulated in the constitutionB. has been created by individualsC. has nothing to do with GodD. is not to be doubted52. The Supreme Court is mentioned in paragraph 2 to _________.A. confirm the validity of gun ownership by individualsB. argue that the right to bear arms is by no means naturalC. prove that gun ownership has been approved by the CourtD. describe the process of legislation on gun ownership53. The expression "in the wake of〞used in the third paragraph probablymeans "________.〞A. but forB. totally withoutC. soon afterD. just before54. It seems to Mr. Wolfers that gun control is ________.A. really too early to startB. actually offensiveC. not necessary nowD. already too late55. It seems to the author that gun control in America is ________.A. impossibleB. unconstitutionalC. time-consumingD. stupid56. Which of the following might be an appropriate title for this passage?A. Gun Control Is EasyB. Gun Ownership Is LegalC. Gun Control, Too LateD. No Need to Control Guns Passage twoThe English-speaking world does not look kindly on straw. Grasping at straws, straw-man arguments, the last straws and the straws that break so many camels’ backs all demonstrate that. There is also a tale that straw is the worst material from which to build a house, particularly if you are a pig with a hungry wolf around. So the cards were stacked against Warren Brush when local officials learned that he had several buildings made of straw bales on his hand.They have tried to fine him. A lot. But the case is still unresolved. The problem is that California’s building codes make no provision for the use of straw. And Mr. Brush has many defenders －among them several university scientists and David Eisenberg, the chairman of the United States Green Building Council’s code committee. They would like to see the prejudice against straw houses eliminated, for straw is, in many ways, an ideal building material.It is, for one thing, a great insulator. That keeps down the heating bills in houses made from it. It is also a waste product that would otherwise be burned, and is therefore cheap. And －very much to the point in a place like California －it is earthquake-resistant. Last year a test conducted at the University of Nevada showed that straw-bale constructions could withstand twice the amount of ground motion recorded in the Northridge earthquake that hit Los Angeles in 1994.California, of course, is already thoroughly earthquake-proofed. But straw buildings might o well in quake-prone places that are less wealthy. After a strong earthquake struck Pakistan in 2005, Darcy Donovan, a structural engineer, from Truckee, California, set up a not-for-profit straw-bale-construction operation that has since built 17 houses there.There are, as it were, other straws in the wind: a post office in suburban Albuquerque, a Quaker school in Maryland, an office complex in suburban Los Angeles and an urban-renewal project in Binghamton, New York, have all been built from straw. Even California is having a rethink, and may change its rules to accommodate straw-bale constructions. As Mr. Eisenberg observes, "the lesson of the Three Little Pigs isn’t to avoid straw.It’s that you don’t let a pig build your house.〞57. By "the cards were stacked against Warren Brush〞, the author meansthat Brush ________.A. received punishmentB. made a breakthroughC. might be highly praisedD. would be in trouble58. David Eisenberg is mentioned ________.A. for the purpose of supporting Warren BrushB. as a representative of official opinionsC. to provide evidence against straw housesD. to show the importance of the building codes59. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?A. the structure of straw housesB. the possibility of building straw housesC. the advantages of straw housesD. the tips of building straw houses60 Which aspect of straw is emphasized in paragraph 4?A. It is abundant in nature.B. It is rather inexpensive.C. It is a great insulator.D. It is easy to transport.61. It can be learned from the last paragraph that California ________.A. will fine Warren Brush as plannedB. will reduce the fine on Warren BrushC. may lift the fine on Warren BrushD. may consider a bigger fine on Warren Brush62. The author’s purpose in writing the passage is to ________.A. trace the evolution of straw housesB. explain how to build a house with strawC. highlight the prejudice against straw housesD. argue that straw can be used to build housesPassage ThreeI was talking with a senior Public Relations manager the other day about The Game Trainers and he expressed much skepticism about both thepossibility and value of getting senior professionals to play games."These are serious people with serious jobs, and they are not going to waste time running around like school children,〞he told me. This statement highlighted many of his assumptions. It also provided me with a golden opportunity to talk about how these "serious people with serious jobs〞could actually learn something about themselves, their company, and their business opportunities by allowing creativity to flow more freely through "games〞.His position is not uncommon and it comes from a deep seated misunderstanding of what a "game〞is and what it is for, as well as a set notion of what "work〞must look like for it to be considered of value. It’s not a coincidence that the most successful companies of the last decade, including Apple and Google, were all started by college students, and perhaps as a consequence have a spirit of fun, creativity and innovation. Their success has not been achieved through a cubicle work environment, strict hierarchy, dull meetings and a 9 to 5 work structure. Instead, they have flowing and flexible work spaces, a culture of collaboration, and opportunities for creativity.So where does the line between "work〞and "game〞occur? Well maybe there isn’t one, or at least maybe there shouldn’t be one. So is all this just a matter of perception? Well, yes or no. the starting point in allowing creativity to flow freely is to accept that the line between business and play is blurred, or at best non-existent. Only then is it possible to create the opportunity and appropriate environment for individuals and groups to play the game <or work> as well as they possibly can.The Game Trainers support this innovative and highly productive approach to work by creating games and group exercises to develop awareness and insight of issues, as well developing games to integrate into the working environment. And so, I said to the PR man, it’s a good thing that they are "serious people with serious jobs〞, because we also are extremely serious about play, and in today’s environment they simply cannot afford not to play games.63. What does the PR manager think of the author’s proposal of playinggames?A. It is probably nonsense.B. It is against the rule.C. It would be beneficial.D. It is worth a try.64. The author suggests that the PR manager’s position on games _________.A. is hard to understand in today’s worldB. represents a common misunderstandingC. is based on scientifically proven conceptsD. allows for greater work efficiency65. The examples of Apple and Google show that ________.A. games should be separated from workB. it helps to combine work with gamesC. work and games can be clearly definedD. no work can be done well without games66. What is the topic of paragraph 4?A. How to draw a line between work and game?B. What is the line between work and game/C. Should there be a line between work and game?D. Why is there a line between work and game?67. "The Game Trainers〞is probably a ________.A. computer gameB. search engineC. research systemD. game developer68. In the passage the author ________.A. encourage people to work more creativelyB. describes how to balance work with lifeC. promotes an innovative approach to workD. analyzes why it is important to enjoy workPassage Four"A robot can’t replace me,〞Andy Richter complained loudly but in good fun, facing the prospect of losing his job to the Jeopardy!-wining IBM’s Watson computer. "A robot can’t do the things a human can do, I mean, can he love, can he feel?〞Well, no. but some folks are asking similar questions about computers such as Watson taking their jobs someday. "After all, if a machine can beat humans at Jeopardy, will computers soon be competing with people for knowledge-based jobs?〞asks Martin Ford, author of The Lights in the Tunnel in a Fortune magazine article. "If IBM’s hopes for the technology are realized, workers may, in fact, have cause for concern.〞Ford and others argue that computers and robots such as Watson have the potential to replace not only assembly-line jobs, such as the manufacturing positions that dropped nationwide by one-third over the last decade, but the "knowledge worker〞jobs of the modern economy, such as radiologists and lawyers. "Many of these people will be highly educated professionals who had previously assumed that they were, because of their skills and advancededucations, beneficiaries of the trend toward an increasingly technological and globalized world,〞Ford argues in his book.But CornellUniversity sociologist Trevor Pinch says that warnings about artificial intelligence taking over have missed essential shortcomings of computers for decades. "I would call them friendly monsters,〞he says, rather than job-killing ones. "Computers can never experience the things that make us uniquely human, they have never been delayed at O’Hare airport long enough to walk around the memorial to Gen. O’Hare, and have that memory stuck in your brain.〞Underneath the exaggerated publicity, the human brain far outperforms computers, and not just in raw calculating power, says information scholar Martin Hilbert of the University of Southern California in Los Angeles. All of the computers in the world taken together possess the computational power of, in all, 62 human brains, he says, based on findings his team reported this month in Science. There are about six billion people alive today.And they, if things turn out as bad as Ford suggests, there is always the solution that Andy Richter settled on －beating anything that resembles the job-threatening Watson with a baseball bat. Let’s hope it doesn’t come down to that.69. We can learn that Jeopardy! is ________.A. a newly developed computer programB. a match between computers and humansC. a robot built with the least technologyD. a competition between fastest computers70. Paragraph 3 mainly discusses ________.A. the threat posed by tech developmentB. the potential benefits of digitalizationC. the gap between blue-collar and white-collar jobsD. the way to survive knowledge-based economy71. In paragraph 4, Trevor Pinch is talking about ________.A. man’s advantages over computersB. advantages of computers over manC. the reliability of computersD. the future development of computers72. The sentence "There are about six billion people alive today〞impliesthat ________.A. nobody should underestimate the power of computersB. we have enough manpower to fix existing problemsC. computers can help human beings in all possible waysD. there is no need to worry too much about computers73. Who is most concerned about computers’ taking over people?A. Martin HilbertB. Trevor PinchC. Martin FordD. AndyRichter74. What does the author think of the prospect of jobs being lost tocomputers?A. It should be taken into serious consideration.B. We can always find solutions to the problem.C. It is too early to say anything for certain.D. We should always be ready for possible changes.Passage FiveThey are regarded as chores by both sexes, but fall disproportionately on only one. The latest survey of time use in America suggests women still shoulder most of the housework, spending on average an hour a day, compared with barely 20 minutes for the unfairer sex.Standard explanations for this division of labor rest on the pay gap between the sexes. A recent report shows women still earn about 20% less than men in America. But in a new paper, Leslie Stratton of VirginiaCommonwealthUniversity asks whether different attitudes to housework also play a role in sharing the dusting.Ms Stratton draws on data from the 2000-01 Time Use Survey in Britain, which shows how people spent their day and which task they enjoyed. Attitudes certainly differed: women disliked laundry less than men; ironing was extremely dreaded by both; strangely large numbers of both sexes liked shopping for food.Ms Stratton found some evidence for the pay-gap hypothesis. Women with higher wages did a little less work at home. A woman who earned 10% more than average escaped doing tow minutes’housework per weekday. Her partner heroically made up this time at the weekend. But his wages made no difference to the extent of his efforts around the house.The major determinant of how much housework a man did was how much he disliked it. Men who liked housework spent around 60% more time per weekday on it than those who were indifferent to it. Women’s preference seemed to have no effect on the time the spent on chores.One way to reduce the burden for both is to get help, although again therewards are unevenly spread. He got away with 43% less housework at weekends, and she did 17% less. Almost all the extra housework generated by children was taken on by the woman. As children get older the weekday burden falls, but weekend time rises －and still comes mainly from her.There is truth in the idea that chores got to the low-paid partner. But cause and effect are unclear. Do women do more because of low pay, or might their careers suffer from a disproportionate burden at home? Evidence that only men’s preferences seem to matter suggests the latter explanation should not be swept under the carpet.75. In a new paper, Leslie Stratton aims to ________.A. introduce some new ways for women to do less houseworkB. explain women’s housework burden from a new angleC. challenge the survey that women still do most of the houseworkD. confirm the standard explanation for women’s housework burden76. Which of the following tasks is disliked most by women?A. Laundry.B. Ironing.C. Shopping for food.D. Caring for babies.77. Ms Stratton finds that the standard explanation for the division of labor_______.A. makes some senseB. lacks real evidenceC. is truly well-groundedD. misses the point78. According to paragraph 5, the division of labor is greatly affected by ___.A. the pay gap between the sexesB. the relationship between the sexesC. women’s attitudes to houseworkD. men’s preferences for housework79. What is the main idea of paragraph 6?A. Men tend to benefit more from hired help.B. Women consider hired help especially useful.C. Getting help works equally well for both sexes.D. Getting help works better for families with kids.80. The author suggests in the last sentence of the passage that ________.A. the way housework is divided between the sexes is unlikely to changeB. both sexes agree that the lower-paid one should do more houseworkC. extra housework makes it harder for women to pursue their careersD. men do less housework because they are the main breadwinners。
2012学位英语资料
内部资料涂黑为答案Test 1PartⅠ选择(30 points)1. It’s no use telephoning me at the office this week because I’m.D) on business2. She is pleased with what you have given him and you have told him.D) all that3. He as well as I you. C) agrees with4. There are seven students from Japan, are from Iran, and B) Others….the rest…..other5. I found that my cheating in yesterday’s English test C) had been reportedD) having been7. He got home Christmas Day and he had a good time the Christmas h D) on, in8. If he had put the gold watch in a safe place, he it.A)would not have lost9.He has been asked to account his absence.D) for10. I don’t like this wine, I like wine.A) some other11. It is necessary that one an entrance examination to be admitted to a college.B) take12. He was13. The neighbors do not consider him quite as most evening he awak B) respectable14. John felt sorry because the film when he the cinema. A) had begun, reached15. The children were for getting their shoes and socks wet. B) accused16. How did it come that you made a lot of mistakes in your homework?A) about17. By the end of this term I my Master’s degree.A) shall have obtained18. Only one little boy A) survived19. Whether he agrees or not will be consequence to our decision.B) of no20. He often comes to class21. I had hoped my letter. C) that she would answer22. We did not find to prepare for the worst conditions we might face.C) it worthwhile23. Many an airplane and many a big gun in the exhibition.B) has been shown24. I am very keen on sports, ? I25. John is the only one of the staff members who to be transferre A) is going26. If he C) had taken27. We prefer that the plan before being put into execution. A) be fully discussed28. She is such an irritation woman. I don’t known how you can her. B) put up with29. There are twelve of us, so get into the car at the same time.B) we can’t allover?A) boilingPart II Reading Comprehension (30 points)Passage One阅读Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time: if corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times41. According to the passage, the best way for children to learn things is by .D) doing what othepeople do42. Which of the following does the author think teachers should NOT doC) Point out children’s mistakes to them.43. According to the author, teachers in school sho A) allow children to learn from each other44. The passage suggests that learning to speak and learning to ride a bicycle are .B) the same as learning other skills45. The best title of this passage could probably be .D) Let Children Learn By ThemselvesPassage TwoQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.The potential of closed-circuit television and other electronic teaching tools is so great that it is inspiring to imagine “the s chool of tomorrow”36. Closed- circuit television will probably carry lesson to C) all the classrooms in the world37. After the televised lesson .B) the classroom teacher will take over3D) look like an isolation cabin39. In the schools of tomorrow, students will A) all study different subjects at the same time40. Electronic tools will enable the teacher to .B) retirePassage ThreeQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passages.So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake to do for children that which only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that “reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible.”41. The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that .D) too much time is spent in teaching about reading42. The teaching of reading will be successful if .B) teachers can enable students to develop their own way of reading43. The word “scrutiny” (Line 3, Para. 3) most probably means “B) observation44. According to the passage, learning to read will no longer be a difficult task when .A) children become highly motivated45. The main idea of the passage is that .PartⅢ完形填空Henry’s job was to examine cars which crossed the frontier to make sure that they were not smuggling anything into the country. Every evening except at weekends, he 46 B) would see a factory worker coming up the hill towards the frontier, 47 A) pushing a bicycle with a big load of old straw on it. When the bicycle 48 D) reached the frontier, Henry used to stop the man and 49 . C) make him take the straw off and 50 C) until it. Then he would examine the straw very carefully to see 51 D) whether he could find anything,52 A) before53 B) expecting to find gold or jewellery or other valuable things 54 D) hiddenin the straw, he never found 55 . D) anythin even though he examined it very carefully. He was sure that the man was 56. B) smuggling something, but he was not 57 C) able to imagine what it could be.Then one evening, after he had looked 58 A) through the straw and emptied the factory worker’s pockets 59 C) as usual, he 60 B) said to him, “I know that you are smuggling things 61 C) across62 A) job. Tomorrow I’m going to 63 C) retire . I promise that I shall not tell 64 D) anyonenot say anything for 65 D)a moment then he smiled, turned to Henry and said quietly, “Bicycles.”Part IV 翻译66. There is more entertainment in a good book than in a month of typical TV programming.一本好书带给人的乐趣胜过一个月中所有典型的电视节目带给人的乐趣。
河南省2012年学位英语考试试卷
河南省2011年学位英语考试试卷一、试题册共14页，满分为120分。
全部考试时间为150分钟，9:00正式开始，11:30考试结束。
二、将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和答题纸上。
考生必须填划相应的试卷类型和报考语种，否则不给分。
三、选择题的答案一定要填划在答题卡上,其余的答案写在答题纸上,凡是写在试题册上的答案无效。
答题卡用2B 铅笔填划，选定答案后，用铅笔在相应字母的中部划一条横线，正确方法是：[A][C][D]，使用其它符号答题者不给分，画线要有一定的粗度，浓度要盖过红色;答题纸一律用钢笔或圆珠笔书写。
四、10:55监考人员将收回答题卡;11:30监考人员宣布考试结束，请考生一律停笔，将试题册和答题纸反扣放在自己的桌面上，监考人员收齐点清后考生方可离开考场。
考生不得将试题册、答题卡、答题纸和考试相关资料带走。
PartⅠ Vocabulary and Structure (25 points, 30 minutes)Directions: There are 50 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.1. By 1929, Mickey Mouse was as popular ____ children as Coca Cola.A) for B) with C) to D) in2. When you buy anything expensive, never forget to ask for the ____ from the shop.A) receipt B) trust C) render D) tale3. The financial support is decided not only according to your GRE score, but also according to your ____ in college.A) intelligence B) policy C) performance D) statement4. Professor Smith is also the ____ of the international program office. If you have any problem when you study here, you may go to him for help.A) detective B) president C) manager D) director5. We do not have a ____ school in our institute. The highest degree we provide for the students is a B. A. and a B. S. .A) graduate B) high C) grade D) continue6. Paper clips, drawing pins and safety-pins were ____ all over the floor.A) separated B) sprayed C) spilled D) scattered7. I am writing ____ my mother to express her thanks for your gift.A) in memory of B) on behalf of C) with respect to D) on account of8. In considering men for jobs in our firm, we give ____ to those with some experience.A) privilege B) advice C) prize D) preference9. She is ____ a musician than her brother.A) much of B) much as C) more of D) more as10.The assignments are too hard. I can't ____ the work.A) keep up with B) catch up with C) come up with D) put up with11. Robert Spring, a 19th century forger, was so good at his profession that he was able to make his living for 15 years by selling ____ signatures of famous Americans.A) artificial B) genuine C) false D) natural12.In 1890 there were many American cities and towns where part of a day's school instruction was conducted in language ____ English.A) more than B) other than C) except that D) except for13.The problem will be discussed at length in the ____ Chapter.A) consequent B) latter C) late D) subsequent14.They are members of the club by ____ of their great wealth.A) virtue B) way C) means D) word15.The value of the industrial ____ dropped from about 70 billion dollars to slightly more than 31 billion.A) outcome B) outlook C) output D) outset16.Scientists believe that color blindness is a(n) ____ defect, and there is no cure for it.A) retained B) inherited C) received D) infected17.She was glad that her success would ____ for the women who would follow.A) be easier to make B) make it easierC) be easier D) make things easier18.Fred says that his present job does not provide him with enough ____ for his organizing ability.A) scope B) space C) capacity D) extent19.San Francisco is usually cool in the summer, but Los Angeles ____.A) is rarely B) hardly is C) rarely is D) is scarcelly20.You've been overworking recently, and would find a holiday ____.A) fortunate B) essential C) profitable D) beneficial21.____ you are familiar with the author's ideas, try reading all the sections as quickly as you possibly can.A) Ever since B) Now that C) So that D) As long as22.The people didn't trust Senator Maxwell , otherwise he ____.A) would have re-elected B) would have been re-electedC) must have been re-elected D) were to be re-elected23.Go straight into the cave and find out what's in there, ____?A) will you B) don't you C) do you D) can you24.The old man was shocked to learn that his illness could result in death if ____ untreated.A) to leave B) to be left C) leaving D) left25.Our teacher recommend that we ____ as attentive as possible when we visit the museum.A) are B) be C) were D) shall be26.The old man came upstairs with great strength , his right hand ____ a stick for support.A) held B) holding C) being holding D) was holding27.My wife said in her letter that she would appreciate ____ from you sometime.A) hearing B) to hear C) having heard D) to have heard28.It ____ around nine o'clock when I drove back home because it was already dark.A) had to be B) was to be C) must be D) must have been29.If you act ____ the doctor's advice ,you won't get well again.A) aside from B) contrary to C)capable of D) prior to30.Visitors coming for short periods of time do not always experience ____ intense emotions ____ visitors who live in foreign countries for longer terms.A) the same … As B) both … andC) either... Or D) so … that31.Urban mothers had difficulty ____ their children into child care facilities.A) get B) to get C) in getting D) for getting32.If it ____ too much trouble, I'd love a cup of tea.A) isn't B) wasn't C) weren't D) hadn't been33.The population of many Alaskan cities has ____ doubled in the past three years.A)larger than B)as great as C)more than D)as many as34.All that can be done ____.A)have been done B)have done C)has done D)has been done35.A person beating a drum or blowing a trumpet causes vibrations in the air ____ sound waves.A) calls B) called C) is called D) are called36.These national parks are very important for preserving many animals, who would ____ run the risk of becoming extinct.A) otherwise B) nevertheless C) therefore D) instead37.They had an accident on the road and didn't ____ at their hotel until after midnight.A) show off B) check in C) check out D) drop out38.After his leave Tom went back on duty to ____ his soldiers.A) put in charge of B) be charged with C) be taken in charge by D) take charge of39.The three rows at the front are ____ for guests. A) conserved B) deposited C) reserved D) stored40.One thing it's safe to say about robots is that anything you can write about them will already be ____ by the time it's read. That's how fast robot technology is developing.A) out of order B) out of date C) out of control D) out of sight41.The autumn air felt ____ so he went to fetch a coat.A) cool B) severe C) harsh D) chilly42.A managing director cannot expect to have much time to ____ to purely personal matters.A) reserve B) spare C) concentrate D) devote43.His enthusiasm for the plan seems to have ____, for he never speaks about it any more.A) worn off B) got down C) fallen out D) used up44.With the spring here you can ____ these ski boots till you need them again next winter.A)put away B)get rid of C) give away D)do away with45.No artistic creation can achieve greatness if ____ from life.A) resulted B) escaped C) divorced D) shielded46.The Petersons have a very ____ daughter. She is always running and jumping.A) quiet B) vigorous C) naughty D) mischievous47.If you like a large print of your photograph we can blow it ____ for you.A) up B) through C) out D) over48.The speaker agreed to ____ from the position that he had just stated.A) return B) jump C) withdraw D) retreat49.Some hobbies can only be ____ by rich people.A) taken in B) taken on C) taken up D) taken over50.I think it is only by a ____ of imagination that you say you have seen a ghost.A) pinch B) lack C) shortage D) stretchPartⅡ Reading Comprehension (45 points, 50 minutes)Directions: There are 6 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage 1Question 51 to 55 are based on the following passage:Censorship (审查制度) is for the good of society as a whole. Imagine what chaos there would be if we lived in a society without laws. Like the law, censorship contributes to the common good.Some people think that it is disgraceful that a censor should interfere with works of art. Who is this person, they say, to ban this great book or cut that great film? No one can set himself up as a superior being. But we must remember two things. Firstly, where genuine works of art are concerned, modern censors are extremely liberal in their views----often far more liberal than a large section of the public. Artistic merit is something which censors clearly recognize. And secondly, we must bear in mind that the great proportion of books, plays and films which come before the censor are very far from being "works of art".When discussing censorship, therefore, we should not confine our attention to great masterpieces, but should consider the vast numbers of publications and films which make up the bulk (大部分) of the entertainment industry. When censorship laws are relaxed, dishonest people are given a licence to produce virtually anything in the name of "art". There is an increasing tendency to equate "artistic" with "pornographic" (色情的).So one of the great things that censorship does is to prevent certain people from making fat profits by corrupting the minds of others. Society would really be poorer if it deprived itself of the wise counsel and the restraining influence which a censor provides.51.A censor's duty is ____.A) to see there is no filthy content in publications or films B) to ban books and cut filmsC) to distinguish works of art from others D) to make sure that no licence is given to dishonest people52.Some people are against censorship for the reason that ____.A) censorship is not consistent with the ideals of democracy B) censors prevent people from making profitsC) censors are conservative and cannot appreciate artistic merit D) censorship limits the way people feel and think53.When the writer says "to equate 'artistic' which 'pornographic', he means ____.A) there is no clear distinction between what is artistic and what is pornographicB) masterpieces are sometimes offensive to decencyC) many pornographic works will be published in the name of artD) artistic works and pornographic works have the same market value54.According to the writer, a society free from censorship ____.A) would be poor materially B) would expose its people to dangers of being corruptedC) could not develop its entertainment industry D) would allow only a small section of people to make profits55.All the following are the writer's views except that ____.A) censors are fully qualified for their job B) masterpieces even with pornographic content are still masterpiecesC) society will not do without censorship D) many books, plays and films are not works of artPassage 2Question 56 to 60 are based on the following passage:A few weeks ago I was talking to a school inspector in one of the more fashionable districts of Paris. She astonished me by saying that if she had young children today, she'd probably send them to a private school. She had devoted 25 years of her life to the ideal of free public education, she said, but the truth was the state system was in a mess.There are two main problems: State schools in France have to accept whatever teachers are assigned to them by the Ministry of Education. As my school inspector friend put it, "one year a school may be excellent; three or four years later, half the teachers may be incapable!" That is not very reassuring if you're a parent. Private schools can choose their own teachers.The other problem is discipline or, rather, the lack of it. Not long ago a school in Birmingham made headlines in Britain because the teachers were being terrorized by their pupils. In the desolate suburbs of low-cost apartment blocks, thrown together in the 1960s on the outskirts of most big French cities, such stories are commonplace. Vandalism(破坏他人财产的行为), drug-taking and extortion aren't limited to schools in poor areas either. A recent poll found that 88 per cent ofFrench children rate as the biggest problem of their school lives the prevalence (流行, 猖獗)of factions and gangs which spend all their time fighting one another. Small wonder, then, that the private schools, with their emphasis on traditional values, are undergoing a new surge of popularity (despite disapproval from France's new socialist leaders), and competition to get into the best of them has now become intense.56．The French school inspector has long been a supporter of ____.A) compulsory education B) free private education C) private schools D) the state school system 57．The French state education system ____.A) does not guarantee the competence of teachers B) seems to have no serious difficultiesC) is running smoothly D) promises to maintain high standards58．Private schools in France today ____.A) are generally undergoing changes for the worseB) enjoy the prestige(声望) of becoming the place to send one's children toC) have become victims of vandalism D) never hire teachers who stress traditional values59．Lack of discipline among students is rampant in state schools ____.A) in the Paris slums, but not in other areas B) noticeably and solely in the poorer areas in French citiesC) almost everywhere in France D) rather restricted to Birmingham60．France children who wish to go to the best private schools can do so by ____.A) taking highly competitive examinations B) simply sending in applicationsC) joining factions and gangs D) drawing lotsPart Ⅲ Cloze ( 10 points, 15 minutes )Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should choose the One that the best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the cettre.Today vegetables, fish, fruit, meat and beer are canned in enormous quantities. Within three generations the 81 habits of millions have been revolutionized. Foods that were previously 82 may now be eaten at any time, and strange foods are 83 far from the countries where they are 84 . The crops many farmers now produce often depend on the nearness of a canning factory.The first stage in the canning 85 is the preparation of the raw food. Diseased and waste portions are thrown 86 ; meat and fish are cleaned and trimmed; fruit and vegetables washed and graded for 87 . The jobs are principally 88 by machine.The next stage, for vegetables only, is soak in very 89 or boiling water for a short time to remove air and 90 the vegetable. This makes 91 easier to pack into cans for sterilization (free from living germs).Some packing machines fill 92 to 400 cans a minute. Fruit, fish and meat are packed raw and cold into cans, and then all the air is removed. 93 the cans are sealed, the pressure inside each can is only about half the pressure of the outside air.The sterilization process which follows the cans are subjected 94 steam or boiling water, with the temperature and time 95 according to the type of food. Cans of fruit, for example, 96 only 5-10 minutes in boiling water, 97 meat and fish are cooked at higher temperatures for 98 period. After sterilization, the cans are cooled quickly to 32 degree to prevent the contents 99 becoming too soft.The final stage before sending off to the grocer is labeling, and packing the tins into boxes. Nowadays, however, labeling is often printed on in 100 by the can-maker and no paper labels are then required.81．A) eat B) eatable C) eaten D) eating82．A) monthly B) year-round C) seasonal D) quarterly83．A) accessible B) obtained C) available D) usable84．A) planting B) grown C) growing D) producing85．A) process B) reaction C) procession D) program86．A) about B) away C) down D) up87．A) size B) length C) height D) breadth88．A) had B) fulfilled C) pocked D) done89．A) chilly B) cold C) hot D) freezing90．A) soften B) cook C) steam D) harden91．A) them B) it C) us D) that92．A) up B) down C) in D) on93．A) When B) If C) Although D) Before94．A) on B) to C) in D) at95．A) varies B) vary C) varied D) varying96．A) cost B) spend C) take D) consume97．A) as B) because C) while D) for98．A) less B) longer C) shorter D) more99．A) off B) through C) by D) from100. A) fashion B) before hand C) advance D) practicePart IV English-Chinese Translation (20 points, 15 minutes)Directions: In this part, there are six items which you should translate into Chinese, each item consisting one or more sentences. They are all taken from the reading passage you have just read.① (line 1-3, para. 3, passage 1 ) When discussing censorship, therefore, we should not confine our attention to great masterpieces, but should consider the vast numbers of publications and films which make up the bulk (大部分) of the entertainment industry.② (line 2-3, para. 2, passage 2 ) As my school inspector friend put it, "one year a school may be excellent; three or four years later, half the teachers may be incapable!"③ (line 5-7, para. 2, passage 3 ) He must serve as a man responsible for the fortune he has earned and use that fortune to provide greater opportunity for all and to increase man’s knowledge of himself and of his universe.④ (line 2-4, para. 2, Passage 4 ) It is just one of several techniques being tried at U.S. medical schools and hospitals in an attempt to deal with the most universal complaint about doctors: lack of sympathy.⑤ (line 6-9, para. 1, Passage 5 ) Differentials（差异）in infant mortality were very large---75 per cent higher in poverty than in nonpoverty areas. In both cases, the differences between white and nonwhite were even more substantial than between poverty and nonpoverty areas.⑥ (line 3-4, para. 4, passage 6) Monitoring by computer has proven to be very accurate and increases early discovery of life threatening events.Part V &n, bsp; Writing (20 points, 35 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 35 minutes to write a composition on the topic Diligence is the Father of Success. You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below.1. 大多数人今天的成功都来自过去的勤奋2. 勤能补拙3. 懒惰和无所事事会使人一事无成答案Ⅰ.01-20 BACDA DBDCA CBDAC BDACD 21-40 BBADB BADBA CACDB ABDCB 41-50 DDAAC BACCDⅡ.51-70 ACCBB DABCA CDDBA BDACD 71-80 ACBDB ACADBⅢ.81-100 DCCBA BADCA BAABD CCBDC。
2012年学位课英语试题
2012年学位课英语试题（A卷）PAPER ONEPart I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes, 20 points) Section A ( 1 point each)1.A. He is pretty comfortable in this kind of setting.B. He is not at ease when seeing her.C. He is not used to the current surroundings.D. He rarely feels shy in unfamiliar places.2. A. Waiter and customer B Husband and wife.C. Boss and secretaryD. Doctor and patient3. A. They went to see a movie.B. They had a heated quarrel.C. They ended their relationship.D. They changed their plan.4. A. At a coffee shop. B In the street C. At one‟s home D. In a restaurant5. A. She prefers to go shopping with him.B. She does not want to eat out.C. She is in a bad mood today.D. She wants to enjoy the perfect weather.6. A. Tuesday and Friday B Wednesday and ThursdayC. Monday and SaturdayD. Saturday and Sunday7. A The man always makes wise decision.B. Jane may not be able to do the job very well.C. Jane knows how to run a chain store.D. The man really likes the book cover.8. A. The woman needs to arrive earlier.B. The man has to delay his departure.C. The woman dislikes air travel.D. The man has some extra work tomorrow.9. A. Double major in both business and psychology.B. Major in business and minor in psychology.C Drop business or psychologyD. Choose two closely related majors.Section B ( 1point each)Mini-talk One10. A. It represents the bride‟s link to her family and the past.B. It represents support of the bride‟s family and friends.C. It‟s a symbol of good luck and success.D. It‟s a symbol of good health.11. A. Wealth and health B. Protection against evilC Loyalty and purity D. A remainder of the past12. A Wearing something new B Wearing blue items.C. Wearing something borrowed D Wearing a silversixpence in a shoeMini-talk Two13. A. They are facing budget deficit.B. They are giving more weight to academic study.C. They are conducing observational studies.D. They are shortening school hours.14. A. Because being active is the cause of higher grades.B. Because the amount of activity required is just right.C. Because they help students learn to follow rules in class.D. Because they can arouse students‟ curiosity.15. A. Whether there is difference between school subjects.B. Whether physical activity is linked to academic performance.C. Whether a comparison should be made with the control.D. Whether the amount of activity affects academic performance.Section C ( 1 point each)16. To keep your sensitive information safe, your job is to createa password that is very ____( 3 words)17. Your password should not ____( 2 words) about you.18. Consider this: in addition to ___(2 words) , phrases can alsobe easy to remember.19. This password could still be stronger by adding upper-class letters, numbers or ____(2 words)20. Always remember to ____(3 words) each site you visit on a computer that isn‟t yours.Part II Vocabulary (10 minutes, 10 points)Section A (0.5 point each)21. Facebook‟s top executives are eligible for twice-a-year bonuses of up to 45 percent of their base salaries.A optionalB qualifiedC desirableD casualDesirable development circumstances=favorableCautious , caution, precautious, precautionCasual clothes in the most casual tone ….CasualtyCasualnessAt randomOption, optionalOpticalOptimum /optimizeEdible=eatable , legible, illegible, eligible =qualifieddisqualify Affordable , respectableLiterate, illiterate, legal, illegal22. Ways have to be found to accommodate the special needs of these left-behind children in rural areas.A. satisfy B occupy C alter D hostHost , hostess , tiger, tigress, actor, actressHero , ----heroineAlter=change, transformAlternate v.Alternative adj/nounThere are 2 alternatives in front of you-----quitting your job or staying here.Alternative resources …Alternation =transformationAlternant=interchangeableAlterabilityUrban =of citySpecialSpecific requests when…… to your husband….Definite, distinct, distinctiveSpecificationSpecify =elaborate, =describe, illustrate ,23. The number of people with Alzheimer‟s disease in the United States is projected to more than double by 2050.A devisedB thrustC estimatedD encountered UnderestimateOverestimateEncounter - = come across, run into , meet…by chance, chance upon24. My supervisor, gentle and friendly, made me feel at ease from the first meeting with him.A. at large =in detail B at length C at random D at home At ease = feel comfortableWith ease = easily,25. I searched the library to see what I could learn about the massacre, but nothing turned up.A was recommendedB was foundC was understoodD was clarified.-ifySatisfy, purify , simplifyThe book can be classified into 4 chaptersFall intoThe chapter can fall into 4 sections26. Geraldine Ferraro said that whoever coined the term ObamaCare was brilliant.A came uponB broke downC made up =inventD drew onMake up a story to entertain the child…CoinageBreak downDraw on/upon27. Upon learning that his mother was gravely ill, he wasted no time getting to the hospital.A suddenlyB moderatelyC seriouslyD genetically Spare no effortsGrave , gravitationGraveness28. It requires uncompromising efforts to develop these residences into true homes for our underprivileged citizens.A unproductiveB unyieldingC uninvitingD unintentionalCompromise =come to terms withCompensateIntention, intentHave the intention ofWith intent to do sthHe came here with intent to steal something.29. Snow is not predicted for today; we can expect some rain, though.A althoughB thereforeC yetD however Nevertheless, however,But he is innocentAs/though/that ….Child as he is, he has done the job very well.Word came that we succeeded at last.Handsome as he is , I don‟t like him.Much as I admire him, I don‟t want to be a man like him.30. At that time, there was a wealth of evidence that Japan was planning war in the Pacific.A abundan tB valuableC expensiveD priceless.A host of =manyInvaluable=priceless , =expensiveUseless, worthlessSection B (0.5 point each)31. This old man developed nerve damage to his brain, _____ him nearly disabled.A leavingB keepingC allowingD causingDid you leave the window open?I wish the children would keep quietHe remains silent all through the night.Keep the window open ----unconsciouslyLeave the window open----consciouslyDamage toKey toSolution toAttitude toAnswer toReply to …An approach to dealing with the problem is very easy.32. These discoveries have opened up new ____ in the field of cancer research.A rainbowsB horizonsC altitudeD paradoxesOn the horizonHorizontal verticalAttitude altitude, latitude, longitude33. Some politicians in Japan still believe that the Nanjing Massacre is nothing but a ___.A novelB flawC truthD myth34. Many people choose to be honest when creating their online ____ to make future dating easier.A pretextsB prepositionsC profilesD protestsOn the pretext of ….35. Several large studies have found ____ lower odds of heartdisease among regular nut eaters.A confidentlyB consistentlyC conceptuallyD contemptuouslyContemporaryLook down on/upon , belittle , behead,Odd30-odd ,Even chestnutConfide oneself consist of , consist inConfident36. The boss needs a workout program that perfectly ____ his busy schedule.A turns intoB falls intoC looks intoD fits int o37. A glimpse ___our solar system reveals the neighborhood outside the sun‟s influence is stranger than expected.A intoB atC byD beyond38. It has never ____ to me that an intimate knowledge of English grammar can be so useful .A occurredB happenedC turnedD conformedIntimate intimacyImitate , imitationInitiate =start, begin, initiativeHappen toSth occur to sbConfirm=verify, prove to beConform to = comply with, adhere to …Affirm =claim39. The FDA is expected to require safety studies on e-cigarettes and ____ their use.A regulateB recollectC reboundD rehearseFood and Drug Administration40. Teenagers can become ____ and hard to handle if every single decision is taken away from them.A obedientB cooperativeC rebelliousD aestheticPart III Cloze Test (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each) “A better, richer and happier life for all our citizens.” That‟s the American __41__ . In practice, it means living in a spacious, air-conditional house, owning a car or three or maybe a boat or a holiday home, not to mention flying off to __42__ destinations.The trouble __43__ this lifestyle is that it consumes a lot of power. If everyone in the world started living like wealthy Americans, we __44__ need to generate more than 10 times __45__ energy each year. And __46__ , in a century or three, we all expect to be __47__ by an army of robots and fly into space on holidays, we are going to need a vast amount more. Where are we going to get so much power from?It is a clear that continuing to rely on __48__ fuels will have catastrophic results, because of the dramatic warming effect of carbon dioxide. But alternative power sources will affect the climate too. For now, t he climatic effects of “clean energy”sources are trivial __49__ those from greenhouse gases, but if we keep on using ever more power over the coming centuries, they will become ever more __50___.41.A. constitution B. dream C history Dcharacter42.A. exotic B. patriotic C. supersonic D.alcoholic43.A. on B. for C. at D with44.A shall B will C should D would45.A much more B more than C as much D of more46.A if B though C while D so47.A taken to B attended to C attached to Dsubmitted to48.A rock B stone C fossil Ddiamond49.A according to B based on C such as Dcompared with50.A significant B imperative C indispensable DnegligibleThe earth is 49 times the size of the moon.The earth is 49 times as much as the moon in size.The earth is 49 times larger than the moon.Part IV Reading Comprehension ( 45 minutes, 1 point each )Passage OneAs many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can‟t remember where we put the keys just a moment ago or an old acquaintances‟ name. as the brain fades, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments”. Whileseemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a detrimental impact on our professional, social, and personal well-being.Neuroscientists are increasingly showing that there‟s actually a lot that can be done. It turns out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental workouts can significantly improve our basic cognitive functions.Thinking is essentially a process of making neural connections in the brain. Because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate according to mental efforts.A new company has taken it a step further and developed the first “brain training program”, called Lumosity, to actually help people improve and regain their mental sharpness. Lumosity is f ar more than an online place to exercise your mental skills. That‟s because they have integrated these exercises into a Web-based program that allows you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps track of your progress and provides detailed feedback on your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it constantly modifies and enhances the games you play to build on the strengths you are developing---much like an effective exerciseroutine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.Apparently it works. In randomized, controlled clinical trials Lumosity was shown to significantly improve basic cognitive functions. One study showed students improved their scores on math tests by 34 percent after using Lumosity for six weeks. The company says its users have reported clearer and quicker thinkin g, impr oved memory, increased alertness and aw areness, elevated mood, and better concentration at work or while driving.While many of the games at Lumosity are f ree, a modest subscription fee is required to use the full program over the long term.However, Lumosity is currently offering a free trial of their program to new users so that you can see how well it works before you decide to subscribe. The company believes the results will speak for themselves.51.W hat can we learn about “senior moments”?A.They are nothing to be worried about.B.They happen to each middle-aged person.C.They mostly happen to the elders.D.They are signs of declining memory.52.N euroscientists are beginning to find that ________A.cognitive functions can be improved by mental effort.B.Intelligence varies with the amount of physical exercise.C.“senior moments” are quite useful at work .D.Our brain and muscles should be trained differently.53.F rom paragraph 3, it can be concluded that Lumosity _____.A.is just an online place to exercise your mental skills.B.requires the users to keep doing the same games.C.is a set of exercises intended for the mentally-retarded.D.can help users make improvement in the brain.54.C linical trials have proved that Lumosity _____A.is better than reported B is highly effective andbeneficial.B.should be under strict control D leaves much to be desired.55.W hich of the following statements is true about Lumosity?A.Access to these games is quite expensive.B.Chronic users have to pay for the access to the games.C.All the games at Lumosity are free of charge.D.Access to the games is limited to subscribers.56.T he main purpose in writing this passage is to _____A.present the new findings of neuroscientists.B.remind the middle-aged to take physical exercise.C.describe how Lumosity came into being.D.introduce how braining training makes your smarter.Passage TwoAccording to psychology professor Carol Dweck of Stanford University, “Praising children for being smart can backfire.” If this doesn‟t get the attention of Millennium parents, I‟m not sure what will.It is my observation that so many parents today believe that if their child appears to be the least bit “advanced”for his age, he‟s destined to be the next Albert Einstein, Tiger Woods, or Bill Gates. It‟s human nature for mom and dad to show much admiration for their child and dish out praise for accomplishments achieved. The problem is, according to this study, parents may not be doing the best thing by praising their child for his intelligence.Dweck‟s research involved junior high students in New York and concluded that “classroom performance improved when her study subjects believed the brain is like a muscle that can grow.”Students who “focuses on the learning process (effort, concentration or strategies used) asked for feedback and did better in all subjects.” Feedback such as, …You did well because you worked so hard‟ or …You used so many descriptive words tomake this story interesting‟can encourage children to try new things, as they are being rewarded for their effort. When the …time and effort‟ strategy is being positively reinforced, the child will probably use the same strategy next time they are learning something. Over time new strategies can be introduced, so the child‟s repertoire of strategies is broadened.Dweck goes on to say that “they(students who improved) performed better because their success was being measured by effort, not by test scores or grades.” Parents should praise effort, not just results. Children who received praise about their innate abilities (talents or strengths) h ad less chance of trying new thing s and became anxious and under performed as things became more difficult. That is one of the greatest dangers to continually praising children for whatever they do in order to falsely raise a child‟s self-esteem.What are mom and dad to do? Offer genuine praise and encouragement for effort and successes, but balanc e this with setting appropriate expectations and following up with consequences when the child falls short due to laziness. Don‟t make excuses. Your child will better face the challenges life had to offer in the future when you as a parent recognize the efforts he is making today.57.T he underlined word “backfire”in the first paragraphprobably means ____A.create some miracles.B.produce an undesirable resultC.be negligible to some extentD.be motivating and inspiring.58.W hich of the following can be considered proper feedback?A.You did really well on this spelling test, you must have spenthours practicing your words.B.Oh, honey, you‟re so smart----that failing grade won‟t matteranyway.C.This is a wonderful paintings. What a great artist you are!D.You did really well on this spelling test, you are very clever.59.A child who is praised for his effort and strategy is likely to____A have his learning strategies increased.B feel inferior to the smart children.C. have falsely high self-esteem.D. expect more praise and encouragement.60. Praising a child for his talent may ________A. encourage him to try new things.B. motivate him to greater efforts.C. leave him less prepared for challenges.D. put his life at risk in case of failure61. The author‟s advice to parents is ___A. to expose the child to greater challenges.B. not to expect too much of a child.C. to forbid the child to make any excuses.D. to combine praise with constructive criticism.62. Which of the following can be a proper title for this passage?A. Never Praise Your Child for Any of His Achievement.B. Praise Your Child, But Not for Being SmartC. How to Reward a Child for His EffortD. Praise---- A Must for the Child‟s Future.Passage ThreeAs a new matchmaker, internet dating sites promise two cutting edges: a vastly greater choice of potential partners and scientifically proven way of matching suitable people together. The greater choice is unarguable.But does it lead to better outcomes? And do the “scientifically tested methods”actually work? These are the questions asked by a team of psychologists led by Eli Finkel.The researchers‟first observation is how any of themuch-boasted partner-matching methods actually works. Many firms preserve their i ntellectual property as trade secrets,and there is no reason why internet dating sites should not be among them. But this renders claims of effectiveness impossible to test objectively. There is thus no independent scientific evidence that any of these methods does enhance the chance of their hitting it off when they meet.It is possible to test the value of a claim that they match people with compatible personality traits. However, Dr Dyrenforth asked more than 20,000 people about their relationships and assessed their personalities. Members of couples with similar personalities were indeed happier than those without. But the difference was just 0.5%.Surely, the chances of finding that magic other are increased by the second thing internet dating brings: a multitude of choice. But here, too, things are not as simple as they might seem.An assumption behind all consumer decisions is that what people think they want is what they actually need. And the data suggest people are not good at knowing what they want. One of Dr Finkel‟s own studies showed that when they are engaged in speed dating, pe ople‟s stated preferences at the beginning of the process do not well match the characters of the individuals theyactually like. When faced with abundant choices, people pay less attention to characteristics that require thinking and conversation to evaluate and more to matters physical. Choice, in other words, dulls the critical faculties.Finkel‟s conclusion is that love is as hard to find on the internet as elsewhere. You may be just as likely to luck out in the local café, or by acting on the impulse to stop and talk to that stranger on the street whose glance you caught, as you are by clicking away with a mouse and hoping that, one day, Cupid‟s arrow will strike.63. The effectiveness of the dating sites is difficult to verify scientifically because they ____A. keep their intellectual property secret.B. have two cutting edges.C. adopt strange matching methodsD. are good at deception as evidenced.64. The expression “hit it off”in Paragraph 3 probably means ____A. say goodbye B get along well C get hurt D dislike each other65. Dr. Dyrenforth found that couples with different personalities ____A were much less happy than those with similar personalities.B. were more likely to divorce than those with similar personalities.C were almost as happy as those with similar personalities.D. were must happier than those with similar personalities.66. According to Paragraph 6, the abundance of choices offered by the dating sites ____A can increase the chance of finding ideal partners.B helps people to become better aware of what they want.C divert attention from other mental qualitiesD leads to exclusive concern with one‟s appearance67. Finkel‟s conclusion is that ______A. it is impossible to find true love on the Internet wherever you are.B.you are as likely to find love through chance encounters as via the Internet.C. you are more likely to find love through these online dating sites.D. you can find love more easily by talking to a stranger on the street.68. The researchers‟ attitude towards these Internet dating sites is ____A suspicionB confidenceC objectionD recommendationPassage FourMany countries have made it illegal to talk into a hand-held mobile phone while driving. But the latest research provides further confirmation that the danger lies less in what a motorist‟s hands do when he takes a call than in what the conversation does to his brain. Even using a “hands-free” device can impair a driver‟s attention to an alarming extent.Melina Kunar of the University of Warwick and Todd Horowitz of the Harvard Medical School ran a series of experiments in which two groups of volunteers had to pay attention and respond to a series of moving tasks on a computer screen that were reckoned equivalent in difficulty to driving. One group was left undistracted while the other had to engage in a conversation about their hobbies using a speakerphone. As Dr Kunar and Dr. Horowitz report in Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, those who were making the equivalent of a hands-free call had an average reaction time 212 milliseconds slower than those who were not. That, they calculate, would add 5.7 meters to the braking distance of a car traveling at 100kph. They found that the group using the hands-free kit made 83 percent moreerrors in their tasks than those who were not talking.They also explored the effect of simply listening to something ---- such as a radio program. For this they played a recording of the first chapter of Bram Stoker‟s “Dracula”. Even though the test subjects were told to pay attention because they would be asked questions about the story afterwards, it had little effect on their reaction times. Dr.Kunar reckons that having to think about responses during a phone conversation competes for the brain‟s resources in a way that listening to a monologue does not. The research led by Frank Drews of the University of Utah suggests the same thing is true of the idle chatter of a passenger. Punishing people for using hand-held gadgets while driving is difficult enough, even though they can be seen from outside the car. Stopping people making hands-free calls would probably be impossible ---- especially because more and more vehicles are now being fitted with the necessary equipment as standard. Persuading people to switch their phones off altogether when they get behind the wheel might be the only answer. Who knows, they might even come to enjoy not having to take calls. And they‟ll be likelier to arrive in one piece.69. Which body part is most affected by talking into a cell phone when driving?A. Hands B Feet C Eyes D The brain70. In Kunar and Horowitz‟s experiments, the subjects who performed tasks while talking ____A. reacted more quickly and made fewer mistakes.B reacted more quickly, but made more mistakes.C. reacted more slowly, but made fewer mistakes.D. reacted more slowly, and made more mistakes.71. According to Frank Drews, listening to a passenger talking ____A affects drivers more than a phone conversation.B affects drivers more than listening to a story .C has less effect on the drivers than a phone conversation.D has less effect on the drivers than listening to a story.72 The law forbidding the use of hand-held phones when driving ____A is necessary and feasibleB has been frequently brokenC will arouse heated debateD has been widely observed.73. The best hope of stopping people using hands-free phones lies with ____A the lawmakersB car manufacturersC drivers themselvesD new technology74. The purpose of the passage is to ________A inform people of the danger of using phones while driving.B call on lawmakers to make new road laws on the use of cell phonesC offer suggestions for drivers who use cell phones while driving.D weigh the benefits and harms of using phones when driving.Passage FiveIn these times of fast media and ever-growing Internet, we are under so many external influences that it is anything but easy to think for ourselves. Unless you are a cunning, very aware person, you most likely don‟t even know when your thinking is not your own.Not that all outside influence is bad to forming your own views, but being unable to think for yourself can make you miserable at best, or a puppet of someone else‟s programming, at worst.Admittedly, we are all born into societies or cultures where the norms and customs are already established. We have little choice but to conform to what is already in place. This is not necessarily a bad thing. However, it can be confining and controlling if we accept everything blindly and never questionthe status quo.Does this mean all of your ideas can be original and unlike everyone else‟s? Not at all!Nor does it require being contrary and argumentative just to be defiant or stand out. To think for yourself means that whatever opinions you hold will be well thought out and arise from thorough investigation and thoughtful analysis. It means choosing to not compromise the facts for the sake of consensus or fitting in. It is not unlike critical thinking ---- it just brings about a broader scope of choices and decision-making in your life.For example, how many of us feel the need to keep up with …the latest‟? We wear clothes, listen to music and follow trends that the media tells us we should in order to be cool. Marketing companies create ads that tempt us into a herd mentality as we fall into debt, wear fashions that are unbecoming, and get caught up in a cycle of over-spending and then stressing out over it. We are living lives designed for us by the powers without our conscious participation.Another trap we fall into when we don‟t think for ourselves is groupthink. Groupthink is a psychological phenomenon that takes place within a group of people who try to avoid conflict。
文档2012河南学位英语答案
2012 年11 月成人高等教育学士学位英语考试试题Part I Dialogue C ompletion (15 points) Directions: There are 15 short incomplete dialogues in this part, each follow ed by 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one to complete the dialogue and mark y our answ er on the ANSWER SHEET w ith a single line through the center. 1. Tom: I'm sorry I'v e kept y ou w aiting. Bill: ______________ A. It's my pleasure. B. That's all right. C. I don't mind D. Thank y ou. Please do. 2. Doctor: Well, w hat seems to be the problem? Patient: _____________. I couldn't ev en sleep w ell. A: I'v e got a bad toothache B. Nothing serious C. Thanks for y our concern D. The problem is really bad 3. Dav id: We'v e got some tickets for an opera tonight. Would y ou like to join us? Jill: __________. I don't qui te understand opera. A. I am afraid not. B. No, I can't actually. C. I really want to go. D. No, I must refuse it. 4. Emily: Your little boy has done a goo d job at school. Nanc y: ____________ A. Yes, I think so. B. No, he doesn't deserv e it. C. No, y ou are so polite. D. Y es, I am p roud of him.5. Peter: __________? Benjamin: Sorry! Is it disturbing y ou? A. Stop play ing y our music! B. Turn off y our terrible radio! C. Do y ou think y ou could keep the noise dow n a bit? D. Do y ou ev er care about other peo ple's feelings?6. Martin: Will y ou p lease pass me the saltshaker, Robert? Robert: ________ A. Just take it. B. There y ou go. C. Here give y ou. D. O h, sure.7. A lice: Hurry up! We don't hav e much time left. A nn: _________. We still hav e 15 minutes. A. That's fine. B. You are right. C. Take it easy. D. Take y our time.8. Daniel: I'm afraid I've spilt some ink ov er your table cloth. I feel terribly sorr y for that. Mrs. Gamble: _________ A. You should fe el better. B. O h, it doesn't matter. C. I don't w ant to hear it. D. Oh, I don't like that table cloth.9. George: Hello, could I speak to Mr. Simpson, please? Lisa: __________. C an I take a message? A. Speaking, please. B. Who are you, please? C. I'm sorr y he has run aw ay. D. I'm sor r y he is not av ailable. 10. Eddie: How are you getting on these day s? F reddy: ____________. I did not hav e a w ink of sleep last night. A. Terribly busy B. Thanks for asking C. I just can't say D. O h, just not so-so 11. Maggie: Do y ou mind if I open the w indow for a w hile? Molly: ___________. A. Yes, please B. Yes, I'll do it C. No, please go ahead D. No, I don't mind 12. Garry:Shall w e hav e dinner together tomorrow noon? Jeff: __________. A. Yes, I hope so B. See y ou by then C. Yes, w e w ill D. Enjoy y our dinner 13. Tom: (In class) I beg y our pardon, sir. Headmaster: __________ A. OK, you are pardoned. B. OK, let's go ov er it again. C. What do y ou mean, Tom? D. Nothing the matter, Tom. 14. Tim: Your handw riting is really smart, Joy. Joy: ___________. A. Yes, that is for sure B. No, pl ease don't laugh at me C. Thank you, but I need more practice D. I know you are flattering me 15. Mr. Williams: Excuse me. I'm looking for some present for my son. I have no idea w hat to get him. C an y ou help me? Sales girl: __________. A. No, I can't actually B. O f co urse I can C. You must buy him a T-shirt. D. Yes, I think a T-shirt w ould be a good idea. Part II Reading C omprehension (40 po ints] Directio ns: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is follow ed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. F or each of them there are 4 choice s marked A, B, C and D. C hoose the best one and mark y our answ er on the A NSWER SHEET w ith a single line through the center. The reflectiv e tow ers of New York C ity, w hich is on the A tlantic migrating(迁徙的) ro ute , can be deadly for birds. "We liv e in an age of glass," said urel, an archite ct.(76)"It can be a perfect mirror in certain lights, and the larger the glass, the more da nge rous it is."A bout 90,000 birds are killed by fly ing into building in the city each year. O ften, they strike the low er lev els of glass tow ers after searching fo r food in nearby parks. Such crashes are the seco nd-leading cause of death for migrating birds, after habitat(栖息地)loss, w ith an estimated number of death ranging up to a billion a y ear. (77)A s glass office and apartment tow ers hav e increased in the last decade, so, too, hav e calls to make them less deadly to birds. San F rancisco adopted bird-safety standard for new building in July. The U nited States Green Building C ouncil, a nonprofit industry group that encourages the creation of env ironmentally conscious buildings, w ill introduce a bird-safety credit this as part of its env ironmental certification process. There are no easy fixes, how ev er. A few researchers are exploring glass designs that use ultrav iolet(紫外线的)signals, but they are still in their infancy. C overs, dot patterns, shades and net are the main options available. O ften, only one section of a building needs to be changed. "You don't necessarily have to treat ev er y w indow," urel said. "It w ould be too expensiv e to do the w hole building." The Jacob C onv ention C enter, w hich has been undergoing alterations, is the most re cent building to v oluntarily correct the problem of bird crashes. The architects used less reflectiv e glass and dot patterns. 16. What is the main idea of the passage? A. New York is a city of glass tow ers. B. Glass tow er are dangerous for migrating birds. C. New York adopted new safety standards for buildings. D. Glass tow ers are a new trend in the U nited States. 17. What is the number one ca use of death for migrating birds? A. C limate change B. Habitat loss C. Lack of food D. C r ashing into buildings. 18. What does the w ord "fixes" in the third pa ragraph probably mean? A. C hoices B. Explanations C. Solutions D. Dev elopments 19. _____are used in the alteration of the Jacob K. Jav its C onv ention C enter. A. Dot patterns B. Shades C. Nets D. C overs 20. Which of the fow ling statements is TRU E according to the passage? A. In many cases, the w hole building needs to be altered to prev ent bird crashes.B. The Jacob K.Jav its C onv ention C enter is the first building to deal w ith the problem of bird crashes.C. A bout 90,000 birds are killed due to habitat loss in New York City each y ear.D. U nfortunately, glass designs that use ultrav iolet signals are still in their early stages. Passage 2 Q uestion 6 to 10 are based on the fow ling passage: Today's students hav e grow n up hearing mo re about Bill Gates tha n F.D.R., and they liv e in a w orld w here amazing innovations(革新)are common. The current 18-y ear-olds, after all, w ere 8 w hen Google w as founded by tw o students at Stanford; Mark Zuckerberg fo unded F acebook in 2004 w hile he w as Har v ard and they w ere entering hig h school. Hav ing grow n up digital(数字的),they are impatient to get on w ith life. The easiest w ay to find kids like these is to che ck in on entrepreneurship (企业家才能)education, in w hich colleges and univ ersities try to prepare their students to recognize opportunities and seize them. A report published last y ear by the Kauffman Foundation, w hich finances progra ms to promote innov ation on campuses, noted that more than 50,000 entrepreneurship pro grams are offered on tw o-and four-y ear campuses-up from just 250 courses in 1985. Lesa Mitchell , a Kauffman v ice president, say s that the foundation is e xtending the rea ch of its academic inf luence, w hich used to be found only in business schools. Now, the concept of entreprene urship is blooming in e ngineering programs and medical schoo l, and ev en in the liberal arts. "O ur interest is the programs," she say s. "We need to spread out from the business school." Either as class projects or on their ow n, students in a variety of majors are coming up w ith ideas, w riting business plans and seeing them through to pro toty pe and, often, market. In their spare time, students in agricultural economics at Purdue inv ent new uses for bean; industrial design majors at Sy racuse, in a special laborato ry, create w earable technologies. (78)The entrepreneurship mov ement has its critics, espe ciall y among those w ho see college as a time for extensiv e academic exploration. "I just don't think that entrepreneurship ranks so high in terms of national need," say s Daniel S.Greenberg, author of Science for sale: The perils, Rewards and Delusions of C ampus Capitalism. LeonardA.Schlesinger, Babson C ollege's president, say s that the question of w hether innov ation can really be taught is "an age-old argument".21. When Google and F acebook w ere established, the founders w ere still_____. A. in high school B. in the army C. in primary s chool D. at college 22. A ccording to the passage, w hat is the main purpose of entrepreneurship education? A. To prepare students for future academic life B. To prepare students to find opportunities and seize them. C. To prepare students for ov erseas career. D. To prepare student to dev elop interpersonal skills. 23. The w ord "prototy pe" in the fourth paragraph is most likely to mean_____. A. model B. strategy C. method D. stage 24. What does Daniel S.Grennberg think of e ntrepre neurship education? A. Entrepreneurship, or a t least certain elements of it, can be taught. B. A n entrepreneurship program can help students find w hat they really like and entrepreneurship isn't all about business. C. Entrepreneurship should be spread across different fields. D. C olleges shouldn't put too much emphasis on entrepreneurship programs. 25. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Entrepreneurship courses in business schools. B. Q ual ities of an entrepreneur. C. Entrepreneurship educatio n in co lleges. D. Kids in the information age. Passage 3 Q uestion 11 to 15 are based on the follow ing passage: Regret is as common an emotion as lov e or fear, and it can be nearly as pow erful. So, in a new paper, tw o researchers set abo ut try ing to find out w hat the ty pical A merican regrets most. In telephone surv ey s, Neal Rose, a psy chologist and professor of marketing at the School of Management at Northw estern U niv ersity, and Mike Morrison, a doctoral candidate in psy chology at U ni v ersity of Illinois, asked 370 A mericans, aged 19 to 103,to talk about their most nota ble regret .Participants w ere asked w hat the regret w as, w hen it happened, w hether it w as a result of something they did or didn't do, and w hether it w as something that could still be fixed. The most commonly mentioned regret inv olv ed romance (浪漫的事) (18%)--lost lov es or unfulf illed re lationships. F amily regrets came in second (16%),w hit people still feeling badly about being unkind to their brothers or sisters in childhood. O ther frequently reported regrets inv olv ed career (13%),education (12%),money(10%)and parenting(9^%). Rose and Morrison's study, w hich is to be published in Social Psy chological and Personality Science, is significant in that it surv ey ed a w ide range of the A merican public, including people of all ages and socio-economic and educational backgrounds. Prev ious studies on regret hav e focused largely on college students, w ho predictably tend to have education-focused regrets, like w ishing they had studied harder or a different major. The new surv ey show s that in the larger population, a person's "life circumstances-a ccomplishments, sho rtcomings, situation in life-inject considerable fuel into the fire s of regret," the authors w rite. (79)People w ith less education, for instance w ere more likely to report education regret. People w ith higher lev els of education had the most career regrets. A nd those w ith no romantic partner tended to hold regrets rega rding lov e. Broken dow n(分解、细分)by sex, more w omen(44%) than men (19%) had regrets about lov e and family -not surprising, since w omen "v alue social relationships more than men," the authors w rite. In contra st ,men (34%) w ere more likely than w omen (27%) to mention w ork-related regrets,w ishing they'd chosen a differe nt ca reer path, for instance ,or follow ed theirpassion.(80)Many participants also reported w ishing they had w orked less to spend more time w ith their children. There w as an ev en split betw een regrets about inaction (not doing something) a nd action (do something y ou w ish y ou didn't). But, like prev ious studie s, the current research found that some regrets are more likely than others to persist ov er time: people tend to hang on longer to the regret of inaction; meanw hile, regrets of action tend to be more recent. 26. In the second paragraph, the autho r show s ______. A. the researchers' findings B. the importance of family C. the importance of money D. the importance of career 27. A ccording to the passage, college student participants mainly had regrets about their ______. A. family and childhood B. study and major C. career and job D. romance and fear 28.The w ord "notable" in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to ______. A. common B. capable C. w onderful D. remarkable 29. Which of the follow ing statements is TRUE? A. The less education he or she has, the more regrets she or he w ou ld have.B. The more education he or she has, the less regrets she or he w ould hav e.C. More w omen than men had regrets about lov e and family.D. The regret of action seems to last longer than that of inaction. 30. What is the main idea of this passage? A. How regre t is understood by a ty pical American. B .C ommon regrets is more important than lov e and hate. C. Why regret is more important than lov e and hate. D. How regret has shaped A mericans. Passage four There are tw o methods of fighting, the one by law, the other by force; the first method is that of men, the second of beasts; but as the first method is often insufficient, one must hav e recourse to the second. It is, therefore, necessary for a prince to know how to use both the beast and the man. This w as cov ertly taught to the rulers by ancient w riters, w ho related how A chilles and many other ancient princes w ere giv en C hiron the centaur to be brought up and educated under his discipline. The parable of this semi-animal, semi-human teache r is meant to indicate that a prince must know how to use both natures and that w ithout one the other is not durable. A prince, being thus obliged to know w ell how to act as a beast, must imitate the fox, and the lion, for the lion cannot protect himself from traps and the fox cannot defend himself from w olves. Those that w ish to be only lions do not understand this. Therefore, a prudent rule r ought not to keep faith w hen by doing so it w ould be against his inte rest, and th e reasons w hich bind himself no longer exist. If men w ere all good, this precept w ould not be a good one; but as they are bad, and w ould not observ e their faith w ith y ou, so y ou are not bound to keep faith w ith them. Nor hav e legitimate grounds ev er failed a prince w ho w ishes to show colorable excuse for the nonfulfilment of his promise. O f this one could furnish an infinite number of e xamples, and show how many times peace has been broken, and how many promises rendered w orthless, by the faithlessness of prince s, and those that h av e best been able to imitate the fox hav e succeeded best. But it is nece ssary to be able to disguise this characte r w ell, and to be a great feigner and dissembler, and men are so simple and so ready to obey present necessities, that the one w ho deceiv es w ill alw ay s find those w ho allow themselv es to be deceiv ed. 31. The w riter does not believ e that ___________. A. the truth makes men free B. people can protect themselv es C. princes are human D. leaders hav e to be consistent 32. "A prince" in the passage designates ____________.A. any one in pow erB. an elected officialC. an aristocratD. a son of a king 33. The lion represents those w ho are ____________. A. too trusting B. dependent on fo rce C. greedy and pow erful D. lacking in intelligence 34. The fox, in the passage, is ____________. A. admired for his trickery B. no match for the lion C. pitied for his cunning D. considered w orthless 35. The w riter suggests tha t a successful leade r must _____________. A. be prudent and faithful B. cheat and lie C. have principle to guide himself D. follow the truth Part III Vocabular y and Structure (20 points) Directions: There are 40 incomplete sen。
2012学士学位英语考试
2012年广东省学位英语培训班第二模拟测试题姓名：______________ 分数：______________________ Part I Dialogue completion (15pints )1． Cab driver: Here you are,sir.Queens Hotel.Passenger: How much is it?Cab driver: Three dollars and seventy-five cents.Passenger: Here is four dollars._______.a. Don"t give me the restb. It"s not necessary to give me the coinsc. Keep the changed. I give up the pocket money2.Customer: Excuse me,sir.Clerk: _________Customer: I"d like to cash a check.Would you please tell me which window should I go to?Clerk:You can cash checks over there at window 6.a. What?Can I help you?b. Yes,may I help you?c. It"s all right.d. It doesn"t matter.3.Patient: Excuse me miss.I made an appointment to see Dr.Smith at 4 o"clock this afternoon.My name is Ralph Williams.Nurse: Let me check,...yes,Mr.Williams._______.You may go in now.a. Dr.Smith is hopping you nowb. Dr.Smith is wishing you nowc. Dr.Smith is expecting you nowd. Dr.Smith is waiting you now4. Doctor: Have you lost weight recently,Mr.Bush?Bush: No,doctor.Actually,___________.a. I"ve become three pounds fatterb. I"ve got three pounds weightc. I"ve added to three poundsd. I"ve put on three pounds5． Mr.Woods: I"d like a double room for tonight.Clerk: _________?Mr.Woods: Yes.I called you last week from New York.My name is George Woods.a. Have you made an orderb. Have you paid beforehandc. Do you have a reservationd. Do you have an appointment6. Clerk: Would you sign the register,please?Mr.Woods: Sure.______,does my room have a private bath?Clerk: Certainly.Every room in this hotel have a private bath.a. On the contraryb. By the wayc. In any cased. Sorry to trouble you7. Roger: Hurry up!We don"t have much time left.Dick:______.We still have two hours.Roger: Come on!This is my first time ever to take a plane.I don"t want anything to go wrong.a. Go onb. Take it easyc. All rightd. Look out8. Hairdresser: How would you like to do your hair today?The same style as usual? Mrs.Lee: I have a special party to attend tonight,and I"d like to change styles. Hairdresser: Very well.You"re not in a hurry,are you?Mrs.Lee: No.____.a. Be relaxedb. Take it easyc. Don"t worryd. Take your time9. Shop-assistant: May I help you,sir?Mr.Blair:Er...I want to buy my wife a gift for Christmas,but I don"t know what she would like.Shop-assistant: ______?These are all from Paris.Mr.Blair: No.She has very good taste in clothes.I don"t want to take the risk.a. Do you want to buy a pair of shoesb. What about a gole necklacec. How about an evening gownd. Don"t you think a gold watch would be very nice10. Daughter: (in the kitchen): Shall I turn on the burner?Mother:_____.I haven"t finished peeling the potato.a. No, not yetb. No, not stillc. No, not alreadyd. No, not just11 .Samuel: Hey,________?Diana: I wish I could.But I really have to stay in and finish my paper tonight.Samuel: Oh,maybe some other time,then.a. Can I come to visit you tonightb. Shall we have a barbecue some day this weekc. Would you like to go to cinema with me tonightd. John will leave Chicago tonight.Shall we go to see him off12. Rebecca:_________Dora: Really?Well, personally,I think he wears the wrong colors.Actually light colors don"t really suit him.a. I don"t think Bob has chosen the right suit.b. I love the way Bob dresses.He always looks so smart.c. How funny Bob looks in that jacket!d. Bob"s new coat looks very expensive.13. Emily: Did anybody sign your petition?Gordon:Yes,we had a hundred signatures,_______.a. if no moreb. if not morec. if moreoverd. if not larger14. Policeman: OK,buddy,your driving license.How fast were you going?William: Well it was about 50 mph or less.I was driving very slowly.Policeman: 50 mph?_____ All right.That"ll be one hundred dollars.a. Don"t you know the speed limit downtown is 40 mph?b. Don"t you know the controlled speed downtown is 40 mph?c. You need to fix your car.d. You drive in the wrong way.15. Jane: Hello Sally.Fancy meeting you here!Sally:Hello,Jane.Haven"t seen you for a long time.You"ve got marride,haven"t you" Jane: Yes,I have.I got married four years ago.Sally:_________.a. Oh,wish you happinessb. Oh,really?Enjoy yourselfc. Oh,my congratulationsd. Oh,is it?Have a happy lifePart I I Reading Comprehension (40%)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed somequestions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer sheet。
2012年6月研究生英语学位课统考真题
2012-6研究生学位英语考试试题Part One：ListeningPart Two：Vocabulary1．Please do not be ____ by his bad manners since he is merely trying to attract attention.A disregardedB distortedC irritatedD intervened2. Craig assured his boss that he would ____ all his energies in doing this new job.A call forthB call atC call onD call off3. Too much ____ to X-rays can cause skin burns, cancer or other damage to the body.A disclosureB exhibitionC contactD exposure4. When confronted with such questions, my mind goes ____, and I can hardly remember my own date of birth.A dimB blankC faintD vain5. It is well known that knowledge is the ____ condition for expansion of mind.A incompatibleB incredibleC indefiniteD indispensable6. Language, culture, and personality may be considered ____ of each other in thought, but they are inseparable in fact.A indistinctlyB separatelyC irrelevantlyD independently7. Watching me pulling the calf awkwardly to the barn, the Irish milkmaid fought hard to ____ her laughter.A hold backB hold onC hold outD hold up8. The manager gave one of the salesgirls an accusing look for her ____ attitude toward customers.A impartialB mildC hostileD opposing9. I ____ with thanks the help of my colleagues in the preparation of this new column.A expressB confessC verifyD acknowledge10. It is strictly ____ that access to confidential documents is denied to all but a few.A securedB forbiddenC regulatedD determined11. The pollution question as well as several other issues is going to be discussed when the Congress is in ____ again next spring.A assemblyB sessionC conferenceD convention12. Christmas is a Christian holy day usually celebrated on December 25th ____ the birth of Jesus Christ.A in accordance withB in terms ofC in favor ofD in honor of13. Since it is too late to change my mind now, I am ____ to carrying out the plan.A obligedB committedC engagedD resolved14. It was a bold idea to build a power station in the deep valley, but it ____ as well as we had hoped.A came offB went offC brought outD make out15. To survive in the intense trade competition between countries, we must ____ the qualities and varieties of products we make to the world-market demand.A improveB enhanceC guaranteeD gear16. He left early on the ____ that he had a bad toothache and had to see the dentist.A prescriptionB pretextC knowledgeD precondition17. The new edition of the encyclopedia ____ many improvements, which is the result of the persistent effort of all the compilers.A embeddedB embodiedC enchantedD enclosed18. The boys and girls ____ together round the camp fire telling stories and singing songs.A reversedB clappedC clusteredD contracted19. The new underground railway will ____ the journey to all parts of the city.A consumeB eliminateC formulateD facilitate20. The speaker attracted the audience at the very beginning of the lecture by giving a ____ description of his personal experience.A globalB graciousC graphicD prescriptivePart Three：ReadingPassage oneThe potential of closed-circuit television and other new electronic teaching tools is so great that it is fascinating to visualize “the school of tomorrow”.Televised lessons will originate from a central building having perhaps four or five master studios. The lessons will be carried into classrooms all over a city, or even an entire country.After a televised lesson has been given, the classroom teacher will take over for the all-important “follow-up” period. The students will ask troublesome questions, and difficult points will be cleared up through discussion.The teacher in the classroom will have additional electronic tools. On the teacher’s desk, the traditional bright red apple will have been replaced by a multiple—control panel and magnetic tape players. The tape machines will run prerecorded lessons which pupils will follow by headphones. The lessons will be specifically geared to the students’ levels of ability. For instance, which the class as a whole studies history, each student will receive an individual history lesson, directed to his particular level of ability.Should questions arise, the students will be able to talk directly to the teacher on individual “intercoms” without disturbing the rest of the class. In this way, the teacher will be able to conduct as many as three classes at the same time.1.This article is mainly about_______.A. televisionB. electronicsC. the schools of the futureD. communication2. Closed-circuit television will probably carry lessons to_____.A.a single classroomB. one schoolC. all the classrooms in the worldD. all the classrooms in a city or country3. In the schools of tomorrow, the teacher’s des k will____.A. contain electronic equipmentB. actually be a television setC. no longer existD. look like an isolation booth4. In the schools of tomorrow, students will4. In the schools of tomorrow, students will_____.A. all study different subjects at the same timeB. study at different levels within a subject at the same timeC. not studyD. not have to read books5. Electronic tools will enable the teacher to5. Electronic tools will enable the teacher to_____.A. teach more than one class at the same timeB. retireC. teach only a small number of pupilsD. rely on TV stations onlyPassage Two：Industrial Psychology is the application of various psychological techniques to the selection and training of industrial workers and to the promotion of efficient working conditions and techniques, as well as individual job satisfaction.The selection of workers for particular jobs is essentially a problem of discovering the special aptitudes and personality characteristics needed for the job and of devising tests to determine whether candidates have such aptitudes and characteristics. The development of tests of this kind has long been a field of psychological research.Once the worker is on the job and has been trained, the fundamental aim of the industrial psychologist is to find ways in which a particular job can best be accomplished with a minimum of effort and a maximum of individual satisfaction. The psychologist's function, therefore, differs from that of the so-called efficiency expert, who places primary emphasis on increased production. Psychological techniques used to lessen the effort involved in a given job include a detailed study of the motions required to do the job, the equipment used, and the conditions under which the job is performed. After making such a study, the industrial psychologist often determines that the job in question may be accomplished with less effort by changing the routine motions of the work itself, changing or moving the tools, improving the working conditions, or a combination of several of these methods.Industrial psychologists have also studied the effects of fatigue on workers to determine the length of working time that yields the greatest productivity. In some cases such studies have proven that total production on particular jobs could be increased by reducing the number of working hoursor by increasing the number of rest periods, or "breaks," during the day. Industrial psychologists may also suggest less direct requirements for general improvement of job performance, such as establishing a better line of communication between employees and management.6. From the first sentence of passage, we learn that the primary objective of industrial psychology is to study ______.A. working efficiency that leads to the highest outputB. the working skills and the working environmentC. the techniques leading to the highest productivityD. the utilization of workers to get the greatest profit7. A test in industrial psychology is used to find out ______.A. a worker’s achievementsB. a worker's potential for a certain jobC. a worker's psychological problemD.a worker's motivation for a certain job8. The industrial psychologist’s function differs from that of the efficiency experts in that the former______.A. places great emphasis on maximum productionB. never cares about the increase of productionC. is mainly concerned with workers' satisfactionD. worries a lot about those workers in poor working conditions9. In an industrial psychologist's mind, all of the following is important EXCEPT______.A. the steps in which work is doneB. the state of mind of a worker when workingC. the effect of working environment on a workerD. the value of the product a worker is making10. It is certain that ______.A. Two breaks in a day lead to higher productivity than oneB. working less hours can yield the highest efficiencyC. communication is increasing between the employers and employeesD. changing tools will help increase the productionPassage Three：Passage Four：What is true? What is right? What is beautiful? Science considers what is true, starting out with almost unimaginable ideas (The earth is moving! The future is unpredictable!). The job is to understand these ideas and fit them into a broad and logical picture of the universe. Politics considers what is right. This requires broad understanding and eventual consensus of points of view that often appear incompatible. Art is the development of what is beautiful---whether through words, a musical note, or architecture.Truth, morality, beauty. It has been humanity’s persistent hope that these thr ee ideas should be consistent with each other. Yet successful activities in science, politics, and art diverge greatly, and I believe the three activities can be pursued initially without regard to each other, or without reconciling the possible conflicts that may arise. Today, there is perceived to be a strong contradiction between the results of science and the requirements of morality; for instance, the application of science has led to the development of nuclear weapons, while international morality seems to demand that such results never be applied —— and that research leading to them should be stopped. I hold a position radically different from the general point of view, believing that contradiction and uncertainty should be enhanced.Niel Bohr loved contradiction. He would not tolerate the idea that quantum mechanics might some day supersede classical physics. For Bohr, classical physics had to remain in permanent contradiction to quantum mechanics and the tension between them retained as a part of science. In the same way, the impacts of science, politics, and art must remain independent. We must learn to live with contradictions, because they lead to deeper and more effective understanding. The same applies to uncertainty.According to Heisenberg’s un certainty principle, only probabilistic predictions can be made about the future. Furthermore, small events can have important consequences. An everyday example is weather forecasting. It is fairly successful for predictions up to 5 days ahead, but if you double that period the predictions are no longer accurate. It is not clear whether long-range predictions are forever excluded, but the example does illustrate that small causes can have significant effects.This situation has an obvious analogy in free will. In a completely deterministic world, what we know as free will in humans is reduced to a mere illusion. I may not know that my actions are predetermined in some complicated configuration of my molecules, and that my decisions are nothing more than the realization of what has been inherent in the configuration of electrons. According to quantum mechanics, we cannot exclude the possibility that free will is a part of the process by which the future is created. We can think about the creation of the world as incomplete and human beings, indeed all living beings, as making choices left open to probability.One may argue that this notion is fantastic. Indeed, Einstein firmly believed in causality, and rejected the relevant part of quantum mechanics. (His famous statementis that, while God can rule the world by any set of laws, “God does not play dice with the universe.”)Attempts have been made to add laws to quantum mechanics to eliminate uncertainty. Such attempts have not only been unsuccessful, they have not even appeared to lead to any interesting results.Questions:16.According to the author, what do science, politics and art each try to explain?17.What is the strong contradiction mentioned in the second paragraph?18.What is the author’s attitude toward contradiction?19.How would the author face uncertainty?20.What is the main idea of the passage?Passage Five：I am afraid to sleep. I have been afraid to sleep for the last few weeks. I am so tired that, finally, I do sleep, but only for a few minutes. It is not a bad dream that wakes me ; it is the reality I took with me into sleep . I try to think of something else. Immediately the woman in the marketplace comes into my mind. I was on my way to dinner last night when I saw her . She was selling skirts. She moved with the same ease and loveliness I often saw in the women of Laos. Her long black hair was as shiny as the black silk of the skirts she was selling. In her hair, she wore three silk ribbons, blue, green, and white. They reminded me of my childhood and how my girlfriends and I used to spend hours braiding ribbons into our hair. I don’t know the word for “ribbons”, so I put my hand tomy own hair and , with three fingers against my head , I looked at her ribbons and said “Beautiful.” She lowered her eyes and said nothing. I wasn’t sure if she understood me (I don’t speak Laotian very well).I looked back down at the skirts. They had designs on them: squares and triangles and circles of pink and green silk. They were very pretty. I decided to buy one of those skirts, and I began to bargain with her over the price. It is the custom to bargain in Asia. In Laos bargaining is done in soft voices and easy moves with the sort of quiet peacefulness.She smiled, more with her eyes than with her lips. She was pleased by the few words I was able to say in her language, although they were mostly numbers, and she saw that I understood something about the soft playfulness of bargaining. We shook our heads in disagreement over the price; then, immediately, we made another offer and then another shake of the head. She was so pleased that unexpectedly, she accepted the last offer I made. But it was too soon. The price was too low. She was being too generous and wouldn’t make enough money. I moved quic kly and picked up two more skirts and paid for all three at the price set; that way I was able to pay her three times as much before she had a chance to lower the price for the larger purchase. She smiled openly then, and, for the first time in months, my spirit lifted. I almost felt happy.The feeling stayed with me while she wrapped the skirts in a newspaper and handed them to me. When I left, though, the feeling left, too. It was as though it stayed behind in marketplace. I left tears in my throat. I wanted to cry. I didn’t , of course.I have learned to defend myself against what is hard; without knowing it, I have also learned to defend myself against what is soft and what should be easy.I get up, light a candle and want to look at the skirts. They are still in the newspaper that the woman wrapped them in. I remove the paper, and raise the skirts up to look at them again before I pack them. Something falls to floor. I reach down and feel something cool in my hand. I move close to the candlelight to see what I have. There are five long silk ribbons in my hand, all different colors. The woman in the marketplace! She has given these ribbons to me!There is no defense against a generous spirit, and this time I cry, and very hard, as if I could make up for all the months that I didn’t cry.Questions:21. When the author met the woman in the market, what was the woman doing?22. How can you describe bargaining in Laos?23. According to the author, why did the woman accept the last offer?24. Why did the author finally decide to buy three skirts?25. Why did the writer cry eventually when she looked at the skirts again?Part Four：Translation1. A second aspect of technology transfer concentrates on US high technology exports. China hascorrectly complained in the past that the US was unnecessarily restrictive in limiting technology sales to China. Recently some liberalization has taken place and major increases in technologytransfers have taken place as the result. However, some items continue to be subject to restrictions and unnecessary delay, in part because the US Government submits many items to COCOM(巴黎统筹委员会) for approval. There is significant room for improvement with the US bureaucracy and COCOM.2. Good manners are necessary because we are judged by our manners. Our manners not only showwhat kind of education we have received and what our social position is, but they also tend to show what our nature is. A person with good manners is always an agreeable companion, because he always thinks of others and shows respect for others.3. Individualism and collectivism have permeated every aspect of Eastern and Western culture,influencing American and Chinese economics, politics, morals and values, and especially communication patterns. This is important, for research has proved that the number one cause of failure in international business and relations is not economics or even business but cross-cultural communication.4. It is known to all that knowledge is power. Young people without knowledge cannot expect tobecome assets to society. In order to acquire profound knowledge, they strive to study well in school in the first place. This does not mean that knowledge only consists in books. In most cases, the knowledge from books is no substitute for the knowledge derived from social practices. For this obvious reason, young people should also regard it as indispensable to their acquirement of knowledge to learn earnestly from the experienced people and from society as well. In short, the rightly motivated young people are advised to insist on obtaining knowledge from all kinds of sources.5. 今天，环境问题变得越来越严重了。
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2012年学位课英语试题（A卷）PAPER ONEPart I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes, 20 points)Section A ( 1 point each)1. A. He is pretty comfortable in this kind of setting.B. He is not at ease when seeing her.C. He is not used to the current surroundings.D. He rarely feels shy in unfamiliar places.2. A. Waiter and customer B Husband and wife.C. Boss and secretaryD. Doctor and patient3. A. They went to see a movie.B. They had a heated quarrel.C. They ended their relationship.D. They changed their plan.4. A. At a coffee shop. B In the street C. At one‟s home D. In a restaurant5. A. She prefers to go shopping with him.B. She does not want to eat out.C. She is in a bad mood today.D. She wants to enjoy the perfect weather.6. A. Tuesday and Friday B Wednesday and ThursdayC. Monday and SaturdayD. Saturday and Sunday7. A The man always makes wise decision.B. Jane may not be able to do the job very well.C. Jane knows how to run a chain store.D. The man really likes the book cover.8. A. The woman needs to arrive earlier.B. The man has to delay his departure.C. The woman dislikes air travel.D. The man has some extra work tomorrow.9. A. Double major in both business and psychology.B. Major in business and minor in psychology.C Drop business or psychologyD. Choose two closely related majors.Section B ( 1point each)Mini-talk One10. A. It represents the bride‟s link to her family and the past.B. It represents support of the bride‟s family and friends.C. It‟s a symbol of good luck and success.D. It‟s a symbol of good health.11. A. Wealth and health B. Protection against evilC Loyalty and purity D. A remainder of the past12. A Wearing something new B Wearing blue items.C. Wearing something borrowed D Wearing a silver sixpence in a shoe Mini-talk Two13. A. They are facing budget deficit.B. They are giving more weight to academic study.C. They are conducing observational studies.D. They are shortening school hours.14. A. Because being active is the cause of higher grades.B. Because the amount of activity required is just right.C. Because they help students learn to follow rules in class.D. Because they can arouse students‟ curiosity.15. A. Whether there is difference between school subjects.B. Whether physical activity is linked to academic performance.C. Whether a comparison should be made with the control.D. Whether the amount of activity affects academic performance.Section C ( 1 point each)16. To keep your sensitive information safe, your job is to create a password that is very ____( 3 words)17. Your password should not ____( 2 words) about you.18. Consider this: in addition to ___(2 words) , phrases can also be easy to remember.19. This password could still be stronger by adding upper-class letters, numbers or ____(2 words)20. Always remember to ____(3 words) each site you visit on a computer that isn‟t yours.Part II Vocabulary (10 minutes, 10 points)Section A (0.5 point each)21. Facebook‟s top executives are eligible for twice-a-year bonuses of up to 45 percent of their base salaries.A optionalB qualifiedC desirableD casual22. Ways have to be found to accommodate the special needs of these left-behind children in rural areas.A. satisfy B occupy C alter D host23. The number of people with Alzheimer‟s disease in the United States is projected to more than double by 2050.A devisedB thrustC estimatedD encountered24. My supervisor, gentle and friendly, made me feel at ease from the first meeting with him.A. at large B at length C at random D at home25. I searched the library to see what I could learn about the massacre, but nothing turned up.A was recommendedB was foundC was understoodD was clarified.26. Geraldine Ferraro said that whoever coined the term ObamaCare was brilliant.A came uponB broke downC made upD drew on27. Upon learning that his mother was gravely ill, he wasted no time getting to the hospital.A suddenlyB moderatelyC seriouslyD genetically28. It requires uncompromising efforts to develop these residences into true homes for our underprivileged citizens.A unproductiveB unyieldingC uninvitingD unintentional29. Snow is not predicted for today; we can expect some rain, though.A althoughB thereforeC yetD however30. At that time, there was a wealth of evidence that Japan was planning war in the Pacific.A abundantB valuableC expensiveD priceless.Section B (0.5 point each)31. This old man developed nerve damage to his brain, _____ him nearly disabled.A leavingB keepingC allowingD causing32. These discoveries have opened up new ____ in the field of cancer research.A rainbowsB horizonsC altitudeD paradoxes33. Some politicians in Japan still believe that the Nanjing Massacre is nothing but a ___.A novelB flawC truthD myth34. Many people choose to be honest when creating their online ____ to make future dating easier.A pretextsB prepositionsC profilesD protests35. Several large studies have found ____ lower odds of heart disease among regular nut eaters.A confidentlyB consistentlyC conceptuallyD contemptuously36. The boss needs a workout program that perfectly ____ his busy schedule.A turns intoB falls intoC looks intoD fits into37. A glimpse ___our solar system reveals the neighborhood outside the sun‟s influence is stranger than expected.A intoB atC byD beyond38. It has never ____ to me that an intimate knowledge of English grammar can be so useful .A occurredB happenedC turnedD conformed39. The FDA is expected to require safety studies on e-cigarettes and ____ their use.A regulateB recollectC reboundD rehearse40. Teenagers can become ____ and hard to handle if every single decision is taken away from them.A obedientB cooperativeC rebelliousD aestheticPart III Cloze Test (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)“A better, richer and happier life for all our citizens.” That‟s the American __41__ . In practice, it means living in a spacious, air-conditional house, owning a car or three or maybe a boat or a holiday home, not to mention flying off to __42__ destinations. The trouble __43__ this lifestyle is that it consumes a lot of power. If everyone in the world started living like wealthy Americans, we __44__ need to generate morethan 10 times __45__ energy each year. And __46__ , in a century or three, we all expect to be __47__ by an army of robots and fly into space on holidays, we are going to need a vast amount more. Where are we going to get so much power from?It is a clear that continuing to rely on __48__ fuels will have catastrophic results, because of the dramatic warming effect of carbon dioxide. But alternative power sources will affect the climate too. For now, the climatic effects of “clean energy”sources are trivial __49__ those from greenhouse gases, but if we keep on using ever more power over the coming centuries, they will become ever more __50___.41.A. constitution B. dream C history D character42.A. exotic B. patriotic C. supersonic D. alcoholic43.A. on B. for C. at D with44.A shall B will C should D would45.A much more B more than C as much D of more46.A if B though C while D so47.A taken to B attended to C attached to D submitted to48.A rock B stone C fossil D diamond49.A according to B based on C such as D compared with50.A significant B imperative C indispensable D negligiblePart IV Reading Comprehension ( 45 minutes, 1 point each )Passage OneAs many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can‟t remember where we put the keys just a moment ago or an old acquaintances‟ name. as the brain fades, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments”. While seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a detrimental impact on our professional, social, and personal well-being.Neuroscientists are increasingly showing that there‟s actually a lot that can be done. It turns out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental workouts can significantly improve our basic cognitive functions. Thinking is essentially a process of making neural connections in the brain. Because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate according to mental efforts.A new company has taken it a step further and developed the first “brain training program”, called Lumosity, to actually help people improve and regain their mental sharpness. Lumosity is far more than an online place to exercise your mental skills. That‟s because they have integrated these exercises into a Web-based program that allows you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps track of your progress and provides detailed feedback on your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it constantly modifies and enhances the games you play to build on the strengths you are developing---much like an effective exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.Apparently it works. In randomized, controlled clinical trials Lumosity was shown to significantly improve basic cognitive functions. One study showed studentsimproved their scores on math tests by 34 percent after using Lumosity for six weeks. The company says its users have reported clearer and quicker thinking, improved memory, increased alertness and awareness, elevated mood, and better concentration at work or while driving.While many of the games at Lumosity are free, a modest subscription fee is required to use the full program over the long term. However, Lumosity is currently offering a free trial of their program to new users so that you can see how well it works before you decide to subscribe. The company believes the results will speak for themselves.51.What can we learn about “senior moments”?A.They are nothing to be worried about.B.They happen to each middle-aged person.C.They mostly happen to the elders.D.They are signs of declining memory.52.Neuroscientists are beginning to find that ________A.cognitive functions can be improved by mental effort.B.Intelligence varies with the amount of physical exercise.C.“senior moments” are quite useful at work .D.Our brain and muscles should be trained differently.53.From paragraph 3, it can be concluded that Lumosity _____.A.is just an online place to exercise your mental skills.B.requires the users to keep doing the same games.C.is a set of exercises intended for the mentally-retarded.D.can help users make improvement in the brain.54.Clinical trials have proved that Lumosity _____A.is better than reported B is highly effective and beneficial.B.should be under strict control D leaves much to be desired.55.Which of the following statements is true about Lumosity?A.Access to these games is quite expensive.B.Chronic users have to pay for the access to the games.C.All the games at Lumosity are free of charge.D.Access to the games is limited to subscribers.56.The main purpose in writing this passage is to _____A.present the new findings of neuroscientists.B.remind the middle-aged to take physical exercise.C.describe how Lumosity came into being.D.introduce how braining training makes your smarter.Passage TwoAccording to psychology professor Carol Dweck of Stanford University, “Praising children for being smart can backfire.” If this doesn‟t get the attention of Millennium parents, I‟m not sure what will.It is my observation that so many parents today believe that if their child appears to be the least bit “advanced” for his age, he‟s destined to be the next Albert Einstein,Tiger Woods, or Bill Gates. It‟s human nature for mom and dad to show much admiration for their child and dish out praise for accomplishments achieved. The problem is, according to this study, parents may not be doing the best thing by praising their child for his intelligence.Dweck‟s research involved junior high students in New York and concluded that “classroom performance improved when her study subjects believed the brain is like a muscle that can grow.”Students who “focuses on the learning process (effort, concentration or strategies used) asked for feedback and did better in all subjects.”Feedback such as, …You did well because you worked so hard‟ or …You used so many descriptive words to make this story interesting‟can encourage children to try new things, as they are being rewarded for their effort. When the …time and effort‟ strategy is being positively reinforced, the child will probably use the same strategy next time they are learning something. Over time new strategies can be introduced, so the child‟s repertoire of strategies is broadened.Dweck goes on to say that “they(students who improved) performed better because their success was being measured by effort, not by test scores or grades.”Parents should praise effort, not just results. Children who received praise about their innate abilities (talents or strengths) had less chance of trying new things and became anxious and under performed as things became more difficult. That is one of the greatest dangers to continually praising children for whatever they do in order to falsely raise a child‟s self-esteem.What are mom and dad to do? Offer genuine praise and encouragement for effort and successes, but balance this with setting appropriate expectations and following up with consequences when the child falls short due to laziness. Don‟t make excuses. Your child will better face the challenges life had to offer in the future when you as a parent recognize the efforts he is making today.57.The underlined word “backfire” in the first paragraph probably means ____A.create some miracles.B.produce an undesirable resultC.be negligible to some extentD.be motivating and inspiring.58.Which of the following can be considered proper feedback?A.You did really well on this spelling test, you must have spent hours practicingyour words.B.Oh, honey, you‟re so smart----that failing grade won‟t matter anyway.C.This is a wonderful paintings. What a great artist you are!D.You did really well on this spelling test, you are very clever.59.A child who is praised for his effort and strategy is likely to ____A have his learning strategies increased.B feel inferior to the smart children.C. have falsely high self-esteem.D. expect more praise and encouragement.60. Praising a child for his talent may ________A. encourage him to try new things.B. motivate him to greater efforts.C. leave him less prepared for challenges.D. put his life at risk in case of failure61. The author‟s advice to parents is ___A. to expose the child to greater challenges.B. not to expect too much of a child.C. to forbid the child to make any excuses.D. to combine praise with constructive criticism.62. Which of the following can be a proper title for this passage?A. Never Praise Your Child for Any of His Achievement.B. Praise Your Child, But Not for Being SmartC. How to Reward a Child for His EffortD. Praise---- A Must for the Child‟s Future.Passage ThreeAs a new matchmaker, internet dating sites promise two cutting edges: a vastly greater choice of potential partners and scientifically proven way of matching suitable people together.The greater choice is unarguable. But does it lead to better outcomes? And do the “scientifically tested methods”actually work? These are the questions asked by a team of psychologists led by Eli Finkel.The researchers‟ first observation is how any of the much-boasted partner-matching methods actually works. Many firms preserve their intellectual property as trade secrets, and there is no reason why internet dating sites should not be among them. But this renders claims of effectiveness impossible to test objectively. There is thus no independent scientific evidence that any of these methods does enhance the chance of their hitting it off when they meet.It is possible to test the value of a claim that they match people with compatible personality traits. However, Dr Dyrenforth asked more than 20,000 people about their relationships and assessed their personalities. Members of couples with similar personalities were indeed happier than those without. But the difference was just 0.5%.Surely, the chances of finding that magic other are increased by the second thing internet dating brings: a multitude of choice. But here, too, things are not as simple as they might seem.An assumption behind all consumer decisions is that what people think they want is what they actually need. And the data suggest people are not good at knowing what they want. One of Dr Finkel‟s own studies showed that when they are engaged in speed dating, people‟s stated preferences at the beginning of the process do not well match the characters of the individuals they actually like. When faced with abundant choices, people pay less attention to characteristics that require thinking and conversation to evaluate and more to matters physical. Choice, in other words, dulls the critical faculties.Finkel‟s conclusion is that love is as hard to find on the internet as elsewhere. Youmay be just as likely to luck out in the local café, or by acting on the impulse to stop and talk to that stranger on the street whose glance you caught, as you are by clicking away with a mouse and hoping that, one day, Cupid‟s arrow will strike.63. The effectiveness of the dating sites is difficult to verify scientifically because they ____A. keep their intellectual property secret.B. have two cutting edges.C. adopt strange matching methodsD. are good at deception as evidenced.64. The expression “hit it off” in Paragraph 3 probably means ____A. say goodbye B get along well C get hurt D dislike each other65. Dr. Dyrenforth found that couples with different personalities ____A were much less happy than those with similar personalities.B. were more likely to divorce than those with similar personalities.C were almost as happy as those with similar personalities.D. were must happier than those with similar personalities.66. According to Paragraph 6, the abundance of choices offered by the dating sites ____A can increase the chance of finding ideal partners.B helps people to become better aware of what they want.C divert attention from other mental qualitiesD leads to exclusive concern with one‟s appearance67. Finkel‟s conclusion is that ______A. it is impossible to find true love on the Internet wherever you are.B.you are as likely to find love through chance encounters as via the Internet.C. you are more likely to find love through these online dating sites.D. you can find love more easily by talking to a stranger on the street.68. The researchers‟ attitude towards these Internet dating sites is ____A suspicionB confidenceC objectionD recommendationPassage FourMany countries have made it illegal to talk into a hand-held mobile phone while driving. But the latest research provides further confirmation that the danger lies less in what a motorist‟s hands do when he takes a call than in what the conversation does to his brain. Even using a “hands-free” device can impair a driver‟s attention to an alarming extent.Melina Kunar of the University of Warwick and Todd Horowitz of the Harvard Medical School ran a series of experiments in which two groups of volunteers had to pay attention and respond to a series of moving tasks on a computer screen that were reckoned equivalent in difficulty to driving. One group was left undistracted while the other had to engage in a conversation about their hobbies using a speakerphone. As Dr Kunar and Dr. Horowitz report in Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, those who were making the equivalent of a hands-free call had an average reaction time 212 milliseconds slower than those who were not. That, they calculate, would add 5.7meters to the braking distance of a car traveling at 100kph. They found that the group using the hands-free kit made 83 percent more errors in their tasks than those who were not talking.They also explored the effect of simply listening to something ---- such as a radio program. For this they played a recording of the first chapter of Bram Stoker‟s “Dracula”. Even though the test subjects were told to pay attention because they would be asked questions about the story afterwards, it had little effect on their reaction times. Dr.Kunar reckons that having to think about responses during a phone conversation competes for the brain‟s resources in a way that listening to a monologue does not. The research led by Frank Drews of the University of Utah suggests the same thing is true of the idle chatter of a passenger.Punishing people for using hand-held gadgets while driving is difficult enough, even though they can be seen from outside the car. Stopping people making hands-free calls would probably be impossible ---- especially because more and more vehicles are now being fitted with the necessary equipment as standard. Persuading people to switch their phones off altogether when they get behind the wheel might be the only answer. Who knows, they might even come to enjoy not having to take calls. And they‟ll be likelier to arrive in one piece.69. Which body part is most affected by talking into a cell phone when driving?A. Hands B Feet C Eyes D The brain70. In Kunar and Horowitz‟s experiments, the subjects who performed tasks while talking ____A. reacted more quickly and made fewer mistakes.B reacted more quickly, but made more mistakes.C. reacted more slowly, but made fewer mistakes.D. reacted more slowly, and made more mistakes.71. According to Frank Drews, listening to a passenger talking ____A affects drivers more than a phone conversation.B affects drivers more than listening to a story .C has less effect on the drivers than a phone conversation.D has less effect on the drivers than listening to a story.72 The law forbidding the use of hand-held phones when driving ____A is necessary and feasibleB has been frequently brokenC will arouse heated debateD has been widely observed.73. The best hope of stopping people using hands-free phones lies with ____A the lawmakersB car manufacturersC drivers themselvesD new technology74. The purpose of the passage is to ________A inform people of the danger of using phones while driving.B call on lawmakers to make new road laws on the use of cell phonesC offer suggestions for drivers who use cell phones while driving.D weigh the benefits and harms of using phones when driving.Passage FiveIn these times of fast media and ever-growing Internet, we are under so many external influences that it is anything but easy to think for ourselves. Unless you are a cunning, very aware person, you most likely don‟t even know when your thinking is not your own.Not that all outside influence is bad to forming your own views, but being unable to think for yourself can make you miserable at best, or a puppet of someone else‟s programming, at worst.Admittedly, we are all born into societies or cultures where the norms and customs are already established. We have little choice but to conform to what is already in place. This is not necessarily a bad thing. However, it can be confining and controlling if we accept everything blindly and never question the status quo.Does this mean all of your ideas can be original and unlike everyone else‟s? Not at all!Nor does it require being contrary and argumentative just to be defiant or stand out. To think for yourself means that whatever opinions you hold will be well thought out and arise from thorough investigation and thoughtful analysis. It means choosing to not compromise the facts for the sake of consensus or fitting in. It is not unlike critical thinking ---- it just brings about a broader scope of choices and decision-making in your life.For example, how many of us feel the need to keep up with …the latest‟? We wear clothes, listen to music and follow trends that the media tells us we should in order to be cool. Marketing companies create ads that tempt us into a herd mentality as we fall into debt, wear fashions that are unbecoming, and get caught up in a cycle of over-spending and then stressing out over it. We are living lives designed for us by the powers without our conscious participation.Another trap we fall into when we don‟t think for ourselves is groupthink. Groupthink is a psychological phenomenon that takes place within a group of people who try to avoid conflict and reach agreement without critically evaluating options or alternative ideas. The problem with groupthink is that it hinders finding the best solutions, impedes creative ideas and frustrates independent thinking. Wanting to be part of the crowd can certainly have its drawback!75. It can be learned from the first paragraph that _____A. it is necessary to take one‟s own interest into considerationB a clever person is always obedient and unselfish.C. independent thinking doesn‟t come easily to us.D the Internet has made humans more thoughtful.76. Trying to conform to established ideas ___A. is something you can easily avoid doingB is sometimes what we can‟t help doing.C can seldom do any good to you.D rarely happens in modern society.77. The ability to think for yourself means that ______A. your ideas have to be novel and unique.B your should never use critical thinking.C you should try to be defiant and well-known.D your opinions are based on facts and contemplation78. Paragraph 6 is mainly concerned with ____A. what we must do to learn to think for ourselves.B. the prevalent outside influence on our lives.C. the numerous mistakes we make in daily life.D. the negative impact of TV commercials on us.79. From the last paragraph, it can be concluded that groupthink ____A. can lead to the loss of individual creativity.B contributes little to group harmony and cohesion.C cares about alternative or different ideas .D encourages independent thinking eventually.80. The purpose in writing this passage is to ____A define what is independent thinking .B tell us how to develop original ideas.C describe the consequence of groupthink.D. urges people to think for themselves.Paper TwoPart V Translation (30 minutes, 20 points)Section A ( 15 minutes, 10 pointes)Excessive dependence on automobiles has profound negative impacts on human health: decreased opportunities for physical activity, increased exposure to air pollution, raised vulnerability to chronic diseases and the mounting incidence of traffic crashes that alone cost a staggering $180 billion. The determination of the magnitude of the health impact is notoriously so tricky as to end up with an astronomical figure probably. No calculation can be complete without formulating practical standards or models for estimating health costs. Costs associated with obesity, breathing illness, and injuries are evidenced by research. Growing recognition of the close connection between transportation, social cohesion and health has resulted in some studies that have achieved compelling findings.Section B( 15 minutes, 10 points)在21世纪，全球化和数字化已经把世界变成地球村。