2021高考英语冲刺讲义第10讲(学生版)
2021年高考英语二轮复习训练第10讲名词性从句专题训练
专题训练P055Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．________ began as a small activity has taken the shape of an inspiring institution of international standards.解析句意：开始时的一项很小的活动已经发展成了具有国际标准的令人鼓舞的机构。
“________ began as a small activity”为主语从句，该从句缺少主语，且设空处表示“事物”，故填What。
答案What2．Therefore, it is advisable ________ you should value and treat them with care.解析句意：因此人们建议你应该珍惜、谨慎对待它们。
“________ you should value and treat them with care”为主语从句，该从句不缺任何成分，故用that引导。
答案that3．That's ________ it is good to eat fruits and vegetables.解析句意：那就是食用水果和蔬菜有好处的原因。
“That is why...”(那就是……的原因)是固定句型。
答案why4．I asked him ________ his father had done so that he became such a good person.解析句意：我问他他的父亲做了什么以至于他成为如此优秀的人。
宾语从句中缺少宾语，且设空处指“事物”，故填what。
答案what5．My first task was to decide where to go and ________ to get there.解析句意：我的第一项任务是决定去哪里及如何到达那里。
根据常识可知设空处表示“如何”，故填how。
答案how6．Born in a poor village, she knows ________ education means to people, especially to those without it.解析考查宾语从句。
高考英语_专题10_定语从句_拔高练习(解析版)-_2021年高中英语寒假辅导讲义
专题10定语从句1. It is a truly delightful place, ________ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.A. asB. whereC. thatD. which【答案】D【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。
句意：这真是一个令人愉快的地方，这里的蜿蜒的小路和美丽的小村庄一定和100年前看起来是一模一样的。
先行词是place，在定语从句中是作主语，所以用关系代词引导。
As引导非限定性定语从句时要放在句首，故排除。
故选D2. Opposite is St.Paul's Church,___you can hear some lovely music.A. whichB. thatC. whenD. where【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句。
句意：对面是圣保罗教堂，在教堂里你能听到一些优美的音乐。
这是一个定语从句，先行词是St. Paul’s Church，从句主谓宾成分完整，去掉空后依然是完整的句子，可推断出引导词在从句中作的是地点状语。
用where。
故选D。
3. He wrote many children’s books, nearly half of____ were publishedin the 1990s.A. whomB. whichC. themD. that【答案】B【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。
句意：他写了许多儿童书籍，几乎一半在1990年左右出版。
先行词是books，定语从句中of缺少宾语，故选B项。
4. The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere ______ his employees enjoy their work.A. whereB. whichC. whenD. who【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句。
高考英语考前冲刺10 动词时态专项练习语法填空专项练习
(考前冲刺10)高考英语-动词时态专项练习一+语法填空专项练习课本重点句型+单词+短语-复习巩固语法填空-动词时态(walk )through 34countries in six continents .2.The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas thatunprotected .3....The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Societyceremony .4.In the last five years ,Caohe reached the top of Kilimanjaro ,Africa ’s highest mountain .5.Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic ,I ’d send an email .One of the biggest companies(be )Alaska Airlines Paris .6.On a website called No Fly Climate Sci ,for example ,roughly 200academics —many of the(promise )to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years1.In the last five years ,Cao(be )previously.(address )the opening(walk )through 34countries in six continents ,and in 2016,I wrote to climate scientistsago .7•But Cobb and others(be )now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide(change )their personal behavior to do theirmore chances to participate remotely ,andpart in dealing with the climate change crisis .8.Oliver is a host of a TV programme on food .He says food(play )a big role in hislife .(live )alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of9.The Neanderthals .years ,before dying out about 40,000years ago .10.Does the name of the college you attend really matter ?Research on the question(suggest )that ,for most students ,it doesn ’t .11.On the first day of my first grade ,I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach .I(voice )my biggest concern to my mother .12.Since 2011,the country 13.They read this letter to him on the air :“Hello ,my name is Brenda Schmitz ,when you receive(lose )my battle to cancer .’，..(grow )more com than rice .this letter ,I14.This is the first time that China .(host )the Winter Olympic Games .(be )all round you andnone of the cars are moving .—(win )the championship .15.Oh ,no !Cars in every direction 16.It was the ninth time that the team .(shift )their attention from popculture imported from Japan ,Korea and the West and started to develop interest in traditionalChinese art and literature ,practicing Chinese calligraphy and musical instrument ,such asGuzheng .17.Under such influence ,young people gradually18.61percent of the population of this city 19.In 2017,Hassan met a Hangzhou native ,whom he20.Dramatic changes21.Early to bed and early to rise22.Listening to loud music at rock concerts 23.Between the two rows of trees (be )from ethnic minority groups .(marry )two years later ,(take )place during the past few years in China .(make )a man healthy ,happy and wise .(cause )hearing loss in some teenagers .(stand )the newly built teaching building .24.Not only I but also David and Iris (be )fond of playing basketball .25.The following26.What we used to think (be )some other examples for you to refer to .(be )impossible now does seem possible ._(be )your teacher ,will try my best to help you out .(taste )nice .27.It is I ,who28.The fish29.If it were not for the fact that you30.When every pupil in the school wears the uniform ,nobodyfashion .31.Gabriela worked for a multinational company as a successful project manager in Brazil and(choose )to manage a team in Sweden .32.Happiness does not appear to be associated with age ,gender ,race ,or geographical location ,(relate )to the feeling you have when you are self -satisfied .33.The first time people used artificial snow to host a competition 34.The China -Laos Railway ,a landmark project connecting Kunming in southwest China ’s(start )operation on Dec 3.2021.(be )Alaska Airlines Paris .(be )ill ,I would ask you to do this right now .(have )to worry aboutInstead ,it(be )back in 1980.Yunnan Province with the Laotian capital ,Vientiane ,35.One of the biggest companies I wrote to36.For example ,roughly 200academics —many of them climate scientistsfly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago .37.But I ’ve come to think that whether you buy something new or used _you commit to keeping clothes in use for decades .38.My friend Tony ,who .suggested that I visit an acupuncturist .39.The popularity of plastic ,which_control —18.2trillion pounds of plastic has been produced .And there is no sign of slowing down .(be )the society on making people ’s life more convenient in the shortterm ,but in the long run ,those everyday conveniences are at the expense of our health .(promise )to(matter )less if(study )acupuncture at a college near London at the time ,(begin )rising in the 1950s ,is growing out of40.So focused参考答案:1•has walked【解析】考査动词时态。
备战2021高考英语热点题型和提分秘籍 专题10 名词性从句(解析版) Word版含解析
专题十名词性从句【高频考点解读】考查名词性从句中引导词的选用，区分what，that，wh-ever，whether，if等连接代词和连接副词的语义功能和语法功能。
尤其是把名词性从句与定语从句放在一起进行综合考查，增加了试题的难度。
【热点题型】题型一考查主语从句及连接词的辨析例1、It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.A．how B．which C．that D．what【提分秘籍】that与what的区分1．引导名词性从句时，that没有意义，在从句中不作任何成分。
因此当从句意义完整，不缺任何成分时，往往用that，that引导主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句时不行省略。
2．what引导名词性从句时，意为“什么”(有时候可以不译出来)在从句中作主语、表语或宾语，从不行省略。
【举一反三】It suddenly occurred to him he had left his keys in the office.A．whether B．whereC．which D．that【热点题型】题型二考查宾语从句及连接词的辨析例2、We promise attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.A．who B．whomC．whoever D．whomever 【提分秘籍】“疑问词”与“疑问词＋ever”的区分“疑问词＋ever”可以引导名词性从句，含有“无论……”之意，用法与“疑问词”一样，只是语气比疑问词本身的语气猛烈得多。
“疑问词＋ever”与“no matter＋疑问词”的区分①“疑问词＋ever”引导名词性从句时，whoever＝anyone who，whatever＝anything that等。
如：Whoever(＝Anyone who)comes is welcome.②“no matter＋疑问词”只能用来引导状语从句。
高考英语冲刺讲义(11选10)
believe, life emerging from death. v. 预示 17. It is an invaluable message of hope to all who experience tragedy in life. a. 无价的 18. They were woken up by armed police officers, who told them camping there was illegal. a. 武装的 19. I read Natasha's blog last month and decided to feature her story in our local business report.
finished. Enter the 38 editor, who makes a suggestion requiring a more-than-modest rearrangement of the
design and the addition of an information box. You want to scream: "No! It's done!" What do you do?
corruption (腐败) of 1%,” stated excitedly the website of the Seattle demonstrators. v. 规定，声明，陈述 6. On October 1, for example, the New York group blocked the Brooklyn Bridge road, and more than 700
冲刺高考英语专题训练：专题10 状语从句 (解析版)
专题10 状语从句距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
1.（2021全国乙卷）Ecotourism has its origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept __________ the late 1980s.1.until【解析】考查状语从句。
句意：直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受。
根据句意可知，此处表示“直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受”，表示“直到……才……”使用固定句型“not……until……”。
故填until。
2.（2021天津卷）We all need to get involved in saving energy ________ it's at work, at home, or at school.2.whether【解析】考查状语从句。
专题10 语法填空之无提示词(解析版)【查漏补缺】高考英语三轮冲刺过关
专题10 语法填空之无提示词（解析版）语法填空则更侧重考查考生语法和词汇在语境中的运用，强调词汇的变形。
同时强调语篇分析能力，凸显交际性和语境化特征。
无提示词的空处一般考查的是介、冠、连、代（代词也有可能给提示词）。
一、无提示词解题思维导图“无提示词类”解题攻略导图解题步骤导图(一)高频考点之一：填介词解题攻略第一步：确定是否填介词：首先，分析句子结构，发现名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前面一般是填介词。
第二步：根据句意及固定搭配判断填介词：分析句子结构，发现空格放在名词前后时，应考虑名词与介词的搭配；分析句子结构，发现空格放在不及物动词后名词前时，应考虑动词与介词的搭配；分析句子结构，发现空格放在形容词后名词前时，应考虑形容词与介词的搭配。
【例】[2021·浙江卷1月]The study found that between 1985 and 2017，average rural BMI increased ________ 2.1 in women and men.分析：第一步：确定填介词。
分析句子成分可知，此处考查动词与介词的搭配。
第二步：判断代词的形式。
句意：研究发现，1985年至2017年，农村地区女性和男性的平均体重指数增加了2.1。
此处表示升高的幅度，故用介词by。
快捷思维①锁定“________＋名词/ 动名词”模式，且名词或动名词不作主语、表语，也不作动词的宾语，此时要考虑填介词。
②锁定“谓语动词＋________”模式，大多数情况下需要填介词。
③锁定“形容词＋________＋名词”模式，考虑形容词与介词的搭配。
(1)表示时间的in, on, at①in表示在某段较长的时间内(如世纪、年代、月份等)或泛指上午、下午、晚上等。
②on表示在具体的日子或具体的某一天的上午、下午、晚上等。
③at表示某个时间点、时刻等。
(2)表示方位的through和across①through表示“从……的内部穿过”。
冲刺2021年高考英语二轮复习阅读理解第十模块 健康环保类阅读(原题卷)
冲刺2021年高考英语二轮复习阅读理解第十模块：健康环保类Passage 1．（2021•宜昌模拟）Zero﹣emission（零排放）large passenger aircraft powered by hydrogen will be technically possible in five years，according to Airbus，but they will not enter service for at least a decade as the price of the fuel needs to come down.The prediction comes from Glenn Llewellyn，vice﹣president of zero﹣emissions technology at the pan ﹣European plane﹣maker. He said that while Airbus planned to demonstrate hydrogen﹣powered aircraft in 2025，over the next 10 years，hydrogen won't be more economical than the fossil fuel.For passengers to be flying genuinely emissions free aboard hydrogen﹣powered planes ﹣which emit only water and heat ﹣their fuel needs to come from hydrogen produced via renewable sources such as wind and solar，he added.In an interview ahead of the Bloomberg NEF London Summit，Mr. Llewellyn said，"We already see massive increases in the amount of renewable energy being produced across the world. Wind energy production has multiplied by two over the last five years and solar energy production has multiplied by four."A further challenge is building up the ecosystem that hydrogen aircraft，along with other forms oftransport，will need. This ranges from creating the fuel from electrolysis（电解）to split water into hydrogen and oxygen powered by renewable energy，to the actual transport of the gas and fueling systems for it at airports.However，Mr. Llewellyn predicted that there was enough interest in the sector to make this happen. He added，"There are a number of independent institutes that have mapped out how hydrogen costs can come down over the next decades. We see a 30pc reduction in renewable hydrogen costs in 2030 compared to where it is today，and a 50pc reduction in renewable hydrogen costs by 2050."（1）What can we know about the hydrogen﹣powered aircraft according to the passage？A. It will be an unrealistic dream.B. The cost of its fuel keeps rising.C. It will be accessible within a decade.D. Renewable energy makes it environmentally friendly.（2）What did Mr. Llewellyn say about renewable energy？A. It gains growing popularity throughout the world.B. More wind energy has been produced than solar energy.C. Hydrogen can only be generated from wind and solar energy.D. Hydrogen will be cheaper than fossil fuel in the coming ten years.（3）What does the underlined word "this" in paragraph 5 refer to？A. EcosystemB. ChallengeC. AircraftD. Prediction（4）What is Mr. Llewellyn's attitude towards the future of hydrogen﹣powered aircraft？A. Objective.B. Optimistic.C. Doubtful.D. Pessimistic.Passage 2．（2021•成都模拟）Big，old trees are dying faster than in the past，leaving younger，less biodiverse forests that store less carbon worldwide. They give us paper and fuel，as well as vital ecological services﹣like cleaning the air，storing carbon and providing habitat. We're talking about trees，of course. But human changes to the environment appear to be causing profound changes to trees around the world.In a new study，scientists reviewed global research on trends in tree seedlings growth and death. They combined those data with an analysis of deforestation. And they found that worldwide，older trees are dying ata higher rate than in the past due to factors like rising air temperature，wildfires，drought and pathogens（病原菌）."And most of the drivers of that decrease in large，old trees are increasing themselves，such as temperature is going up，droughts are more severe，wildfires，windstorms and deforestation are all on the increase﹣although variable across the globe﹣they're generally increasing. And so for both the loss has alreadyoccurred，but we expect more continued loss of big，old trees." said Nate McDowell，an earth scientist at Pacific Northwest National Lab，who was one of the study's authors."So if we have an increasing rate of death，particularly of the larger，older trees，what's left are the younger trees. So that's why，on average，through the loss of bigger，older trees，our forests are becoming inherently（天生地）younger and shorter."This trend is a problem，because old trees are vitally important."For sure，the increase in death does limit the carbon storage of an ecosystem and can force the system to become a carbon source to the atmosphere. The second reason we care is from a biodiversity perspective：old trees tend to house a higher biodiversity than young forests do. And the third reason is aesthetic：as a society，we care about these trees. We have national parks named after these big trees. So there's a personal reason for people to care about this as well."（1）What has the new study found about the forests？A. Forests are getting younger and shorter.B. Many factors cause the death of big old trees.C. Old trees are beneficial to humans in many ways.D. The death of big old trees influences biodiversity.（2）What do the underlined words "the drivers" in Paragraph 3 refer to？A. The death rates of big old trees.B. The trends in the death of big old trees.C. The human changes to the environment.D. The factors causing high death rate of old trees.（3）How is the significance of big old trees illustrated？A. By giving examples.B. By analyzing reasons.C. By listing facts.D. By providing figures.（4）What's the purpose of the text？A. To call on people to protect old trees.B. To illustrate a phenomenon about old trees.C. To share the findings of a new study about trees.D. To analyze the reasons why some trees are dying faster.Passage 3．（2021•乐山模拟）Human illumination （照明）of the planet is growing in range and intensity by about 2% a year，creatinga problem that can be compared to climate change，according to a team of biologists from the University ofExeter.Hormone （激素）levels，breeding cycles and activity patterns are being affected across a broad range of species. In all the animal species examined，they found reduced levels of melatonin一a hormone that regulates sleep cycles 一as a result of artificial light at night. Behavioural patterns were also disturbed.Rodents，which mostly search for food at night，were active for a shorter period？while birds started singing and searching for worms earlier in the day.The outcomes were not purely negative. The scientists said certain species in certain locations benefited from night﹣time light：some plants grew faster and some types of bats thrived （兴旺）. But they said the overall effect was catastrophic，particularly to the insects drawn to fast﹣moving car lamps.Satellite images of the Earth at night show how rapidly the problem is expanding geographically，but lights are also becoming more intense as expensive soft amber bulbs are replaced by greater numbers of cheap bright white LEDs. This is biologically problematic because the white light has a wider range，like sunlight.Unlike the climate crisis，however，the lead author，Kevin Gaston said solving the lighting problem would save rather than cost money. But it would require a change of mindset. "At the heart of this is a deep﹣rooted human need to light up the night. We are still in a sense afraid of the dark，" he said. "The ability to turn the night﹣time into something like the daytime is something we have pursued far beyond the necessity of doing so. "（1）What is paragraph 2 mainly about？A. The wide use of artificial light.B. The bad effects of artificial light.C. The abnormal behaviour of species.D. The biological diversity of species.（2）What do the underlined words "the problem" in paragraph 4 refer to？A. The amount of lighting.B. The change of sunlight.C. The range of white LEDs.D. The pressure of climate change.（3）What can we learn from Kevin Gaston's words？A. It takes time to get the problem solved.B. To light up the night sky is not necessary.C. It costs money to solve the lighting problem.D. The problem is deeply rooted in the history.（4）What does the author try to convey through this passage？A. We should protect our environment in a scientific way.B. We should solve climate crisis with a biological approach.C. We should conserve our nature with maximum effort.D. We should treat artificial light like other forms of pollution.Passage 4．（2021•全国模拟）In my everyday life，I am on an ongoing journey to figure out different ways to reduce my carbon footprint on the planet. A carbon footprint is the measure of influence our activities have on the environment，in particular climate change. It is calculated by the amount of greenhouse gas we produce in our daily lives.Fortunately，nowadays it is much easier to make eco﹣friendly lifestyle choices than，let's say，20 years ago. But one question has been on my mind a lot lately：is it better to buy new eco﹣friendly products or used traditionally produced goods？After doing some research，I have decided that some things are better new and others are better used. Let me try to explain.A carbon footprint is made up of two parts，the primary footprint and the secondary footprint. The primaryfootprint is a measure of our direct emissions （排放）of carbon dioxide （CO2）from the burning of fuels，including household energy consumption and transportation. The secondary footprint is a measure of the indirect CO2 emissions from the whole lifecycle of products we use ﹣those related to their production and breakdown.Based on this understanding，we have a good deal of control and responsibility over our carbon footprint.Things like dishes，clothes and furniture fall into the "secondary footprint" group，so less is more and we can focus on finding used goods to avoid the added production. However，for the car and the other appliances （设备）that we need we can go with new，energy﹣saving models. I heard somewhere that electronics and appliances give off 90% of their carbon footprint after they leave the factory. So it seems most reasonable to go for the energy﹣saving models. The main concern here is the amount of energy that goes into the making of new products and whether or not that extra carbon is worth the footprint the product will make once it gets to you.（1）What is the text mainly about？A. What appliances to buy to save energy.B. What a carbon footprint means in our life.C. How to identify different carbon footprints.D. How to make eco﹣friendly lifestyle choices.（2）What do we know about the secondary carbon footprint？A. It is related to our consumption of fuels.B. It is made when we are buying the products.C. It is less harmful than the primary carbon footprint.D. It is counted as ours though not directly made by us.（3）Which of the following helps reduce our carbon footprint according to the author？A. Using second﹣hand textbooks.B. Using old and expensive cars.C. Buying new but cheap clothes.D. Buying new wooden furniture.（4）"The footprint" underlined in the last sentence refers to the CO2 produced in.A. using the productB. recycling the productC. making the productD. transporting the productPassage 5．（2021•山东模拟）While the novel coronavirus is dangerous for everyone，it is particularly so for the first responders who are being exposed to the illness daily. In the US alone ，almost 5，500 nurses，doctors，and other healthcare professionals have been infected with COVID﹣19. Now，hospital workers worldwide may get some reliefthanks to . Spot，a semi﹣autonomous four﹣legged robot developed by Waltham，Massachusetts﹣based robotics company，Boston Dynamics."Starting in early March，Boston Dynamics started receiving inquiries from hospitals asking if our robots could help minimize their staffs exposure to COVID﹣19，" the company writes in a blog post."One of the hospitals that we spoke to shared that，within a week，a sixth of their staff had contracted COVID﹣19 and that they were looking into using robots to take more of their staff out of range of the novel virus.In response，the company reconfigured the 3﹣foot tall，70﹣pound robot to operate as a mobile telemedicine platform，enabling healtheare providers to determine a patient's condition remotely. The first four ﹣legged "medical practitioner" was deployed to the Brigham and Women's Hospital of Harvard University on April9，2020. Equipped with an iPad "face" and a two﹣way radio that allows for real﹣time conversation，Spot helps doctors to speak to patients without coming in contact with them."With current protocols at local hospitals，patients suspected to have COVID﹣19 are asked to line up in tents outside to answer questions and get initial assessments for temperature. This process requires up to five medical staff，placing those individuals at high risk of contracting the virus，" Boston Dynamics explains."With the use of a mobile robot，hospitals are able to reduce the number of necessary medical staff at the scene and conserve their limited PPE [personal protective equipment] supply. "The company says the doctors can even use Spot to talk to patients from the safety of their own homes.Though Spot has already proved extremely helpful ，the robotics manufacturer believes it can be even more so. The engineers are currently working on "teaching" the robot to perform tasks like temperature checks and respiratory rate calculations using thermal camera technology.（1）What do we know about the robot according to the passage？A. AI could diagnose diseases correctly from medical imaging.B. Human healthcare experts had a competition with the robot.C. AI can be used to offer assistance to medical workers.D. The robot is performed by experts throughout the world.（2）What does the underlined word "reconfigured" in Paragraph 3 mean？A. Rearranged.B. Restored.C. Fixed.D. Invented.（3）What is the further intention of the company？A. It should be more scientifically based.B. It can make robots carry out more tasks.C. It will involve better disease diagnosis.D. It should increase the production of robots.（4）Which column of the newspaper is this text most likely from？A. Science study.B. Our world.C. Campus life.D. Star stories.Passage 6．（2020•阳泉模拟）Researchers studied data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey，organized by the Center for Disease Control （CDC）in the United States and looked at the relationship between cups of coffee drunk per day，and both total body fat percentage and abdominal（腹部）or 'trunk' fat．They found that women aged 20﹣44 who drank two or three cups of coffee per day had the lowest levels of obesity，3.4% lower than people who did not consume coffee．Among women aged between 45﹣69，those who drank four or more cups had an obesity percentage 4.1% lower．Overall，the average total body fat percentage was 2.8% lower among women of all ages who drank two or three cups of coffee per day．The findings were consistent whether the coffee consumed was caffeinated or decaffeinated，and among smokers/non﹣smokers and those suffering from chronic（慢性的）diseases when compared to those in good health．In men，the relationship was less significant，although men aged 20﹣44 who drank two or three cups per day had 1.3% less total fat and 1.8% less trunk fat than those who did not consume coffee．Around 7 million tons of coffee is consumed globally every year．Dr Lee Smith，Reader in Public Healthat Anglia Ruskin University and senior author of the study，said："Our research suggests that there may be active compounds in coffee other than caffeine that manage weight and which could potentially be used as anti ﹣obesity compounds．""It could be possible that coffee，or its effective ingredients（原料）could be integrated（使整合）into a healthy diet strategy to reduce the burden of chronic conditions related to the obesity．" Dr Lee Smith added，"It is important to interpret the findings of this study in light of its limitations﹣the study was at a specific point in time so trends cannot be established．However，we don't believe that someone's weight is likely to influence their coffee consumption．"（1）What in coffee mainly influences body fat according to Dr Lee Smith？A．The caffeine．B．The decaffeinated．C．The effective compounds．D．The rich nutrition．（2）What can be inferred from the text？A．Coffee has less effect on men than women in fat according to the finding．B．The women aged 20﹣44 like to drink two or three cups of coffee per day．C．The researchers found that the coffee consumers preferred caffeinated coffee．D．Trends will be established to limit people's weights by their coffee consumption．（3）Where is this text most likely from？A．A diary．B．A guidebook．C．A novel．D．A magazine．（4）What is the best title for the text？A．Chronic Diseases Related to the Obesity B．Coffee Linked to Lower Body FatC．Coffee Related to Heart Disease D．Study Discloses the Benefits of CoffeePassage 7．（2020•高密市模拟）Playing tennis regularly could help keep people off death，but football，rugby and running may not help people to live longer，a study suggests．A study followed more than 80，000 people for an average of nine years to find out if certain sportsprotected them against early death．It found that people who played racket sports regularly were the least likely to die over the study period，reducing their individual risk by 47 percent compared with people who did no exercise．Swimmers also reduced their chance of death by 28 percent，aerobics （有氧运动）fans by 27 percent and cyclists by 15 percent．Yet running appeared to have no impact at all on dying early，and neither did playing football or rugby．Scientists say the difference may lie in the social aspect which goes alongside sports like tennis and squash （壁球），which often involve clubs and organized activities outside of the game．It means that people often have larger social net﹣works and tend to keep up activities into later life，both of which are proven to be good for health．In contrast，people who play team sports often do not move onto a new sport once their teams break up for family，or injury reasons．They become watchers rather than participants in their chosen activity．The researchers found that playing racket sports was associated with a 56 percent lower risk from heart death．Similarly，swimmers lowered their heart disease or stroke risk by 41 percent，and people who took part in activities like aerobics，dance or gymnastics lowered their risk by 36 percent．But again running，football and rugby had no significant impact on heart deaths．However，other experts argue that this study must not be misinterpreted as showing that running and football do not protect against heart disease．In this study both runners and footballers had a lower rate of death from heart disease．（1）Which sport has hardly any impact on protecting people against early death？A．Cycling．B．Swimming．C．Rugby．D．Tennis．（2）According to the study，which makes a big difference in keeping healthy？A．Playing basketball with their friends occasionally．B．Watching football games every day．C．Taking up gymnastics and joining a club．D．Doing running in the park every day．（3）What is considered more important to people's health？A．Social networks．B．Staying at home．C．Physical examinations．D．Setting up families．（4）What is the main idea of the text？A．Thousands of people participated in a 9﹣year research．B．Study finds playing tennis helps people live longer．C．It is wrong to say running has no impact on heart disease．D．There are differences between racket sports and team games．Passage 8．（2020•黑龙江模拟）Food blogs，celebrities，and nutritionists all advocate the benefits of eating organic（有机的）fruits and vegetables. But a new study published in Science Advances paints a more complex picture. While perhaps organic produce is slightly healthier to eat and，in some ways，more sustainable to grow，there are also downsides.Organic fruits and vegetables typically cost more than conventional ones. To get a certificate as organic，farmers must meet specific criteria，including growing produce without the use of genetic engineering and chemical inputs. Without these methods，the growing process typically requires more labor，time，and money，a cost that is passed down to consumers.It's true that in many ways，organic farming is more sustainable than conventional farming. But when it comes to environmental concerns such as greenhouse gas output and water loss，the comparison gets complex.Organic farms produce less greenhouse gas output per acre. However，because they are banned from using genetic engineering，pesticides（杀虫剂），and other methods that increase efficiency，organic farms also produce an estimated 19% to 25% less yield than conventional farms. While there isn't a whole lot research on the topic，the few studies that do exist suggest green gas output and water loss might actually be higher onorganic farms，on a per unit basis，says study author Verena Seurfert.In addition，while organic produce is likely more nutritious than conventional fruits and vegetables，there's not a lot of evidence to support the claim that these often slight differences influence consumer health.The same is true for pesticide remainder（残留）. In developed countries，where pesticide use is tightly regulated，there's no scientific consensus on how these often slight differences influence human health.Still，Seurfert stresses that if you can afford to eat organic，you should do so. Organic farms provide safer working environments for workers，plus they support great biodiversity. The real takeaway from her study is not that organic is bad but that the practice needs more studies to increase yield without lowering sustainability.But if you can't afford to buy organic produce，don't stress too much，particularly from a nutritional perspective.（1）What does the underlined word "downsides" in Paragraph 1 most probably mean？A. Dangers.B. Drawbacks.C. Benefits.D. Differences.（2）Which key factor makes it hard to compare organic farming and conventional farming when it comes to environmental concerns？A. The yield.B. The price.C. The water loss.D. The labor.（3）Which of the following will the study author most probably agree with？A. Farmers' working environment should be improved.B. Organic produce should be made more efficiently.C. It isn't wise for consumers to buy organic produce.D. Pesticide remainder does great harm to people's health.（4）In Seurfert's opinion，why should we support organic produce？A. It's of greater benefit to health.B. It's more nutritious.C. It helps keep the variety of plants.D. It's safer for consumers.Passage 9．（2020•天津二模）The Gatais used to frown when they received power bills that routinely topped ＄200. Last September the couple moved into a 1，500﹣square﹣foot home in Premier Gardens，a subdivision of 95 "zero﹣energy homes"（ZEH）just outside town. Now they're actually eager to see their electricity bills. The grand total over the 10 months they've lived in the three﹣bedroom house：＄75. for the past two months they haven't paid a cent.ZEH communities are the leading edge of technologies that might someday create houses that produce as much energy as they consume. Premier Gardens is one of a half﹣dozen subdivisions in California in California where every home cuts power consumption by 50%，mostly by using low﹣power appliances and solar panels.Aside from the panels on the roof，Premier Gardens looks like a community of conventional homes. But inside，special windows cut power bills by blocking solar heat in summer and retaining indoor warmth in winter.The rest of energy saving comes form the solar units. They don't just feed the home they serve. If they generate more power than the home is using，the excess flower into the utility's power grid ____. The residents are billed by "net metering"：they pay for the amount of power they tap off the grid，less the kilowatts（千瓦）they feed into it. If a home generate more power than it uses，the bill is zero.That sounds like a bad deal for the power company，but it's not. Solar homes produce the most power on the hot sunny afternoons when everyone rushes home to turn up the air conditioner. "It helps us lower usage at peak power times." says solar expert Mike Keesee. "That lets us avoid building costly plants or buying expensive power at peak usage time."What's not to like？Mostly the costs. The special features can add ＄25，000 or more to the purchase price of a house. Tax breaks bring the cost down，especially in California，but in many states ZEHs can be prohibitively expensive. For the consumer，it's a matter of paying now for the hardware to save later on the utilities.（1）Why are the Gatais eager to see their electricity bills now？A.They want to see how much they have saved.B.The want to cut down their utility expenses.C.They want to know if they are able to pay.D.They want to avoid being overcharged.（2）What is special about the ZEH communities？A.They have created cutting﹣edge technologies.B.They aim to produce enough power themselves.C.They are subdivided into half a dozen sections.D.They are built in harmony with the environment.（3）How are the residents in the ZEH communities billed for electricity use？A.They are only charged for the amount of power they consume on rainy days.B.They needn't pay a single cent for their power consumption on sunny days.C.They only pay for the excess power that flows into the utility's power grid.D.They pay for the electricity form the grid less their home﹣generated power.（4）What does the "net metering" practice mean to the power company？A.More pressure at peak time.B.Less profits in the short term.C.Increased electricity output.D.Reduced operational costs.（5）The author believes that buying a house in a ZEH community.A.is but a dream for average consumersB.gives the owner substantial tax benefitsC.is a worthy investment in the long runD.contributes to environmental protectionPassage 10．（2020•盐城模拟）There are many reasons why people can't get a good night's sleep and as with any other health conditions，things are not likely to improve until you find a way to break the cycle．These are some of the main factors that need to be addressed．Worry and stressWe have all been kept awake by many factors that cause worry and stress in our lives．Money problems，relationship issues and work stresses can have you sitting up all night．A useful habit is to download your thoughts at the end of the day．Keep a pen and paper next to your bed and before you go to sleep，write down your thought and worries，create a to﹣do list for the following day or set down solutions and ideas that relate to work．Diet and eating patternsWhat and when you eat can have a major impact on your ability to sleep．Eating too late or indulging in a rich or spicy meal can keep you awake．These foods take a long while to digest and the after effects of indigestion and heartburn are not going to set you up well for a good quality sleep．A research suggests that both calcium and magnesium may be linked to poor sleep．Even low intakes ofmagnesium found in green vegetables，beans，nuts and seeds have been shown to make it harder to stay asleep．Calcium is found in dairy foods，soybeans and green vegetables and low levels have also been shown to make it more difficult to nod off．Alcohol and caffeineTea，coffee and energy drinks contain caffeine that helps to stimulate the nervous system and make you more alert，which is great if you need a pick﹣me﹣up．Dosing up on caffeine during the day can affect your ability to sleep later on in the evening．Try limiting your intake of caffeine to the morning and switch to decaffeinated options such as herbal teas．Alcohol is a double﹣edged sword when it comes to sleep．While a little may help to induce slumber，even in small amounts it can cause fragmented sleep patterns．Bedroom environment"Your bedroom should be dark once the lights are switched off because melatonin，a sleep﹣regulating hormone，is very light﹣sensitive．Maintaining the right temperature can also help with sleep as a room that is too hot may prevent your core temperature from going down，which is essential for switching on the sleep mechanism within the body．（1）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？A．Melatonin is a chemical in our bodies that disturbs our sleep．。
2021年上海市高考英语名校卷专题冲刺汇编 写作 (学生版)
2021英语二考冲刺—摘要写作专题名校汇编学习目标：专题训练各名校摘要写作题型，掌握摘要写作题型常考点和难点以及解题技巧。
课堂测试：1.【2020-2021学年上海市闵行区七宝中学高三英语上学期10月月考试卷】难度值：（★★★）IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.Vacations are a chance to take break from work, see the world and enjoy time with family. But do they make you happier? Researchers from the Netherlands set out to measure the effect that vacations have on overall happiness and how long it lasts. They studied happiness levels among 1, 530 Dutch adults, 974 of whom took a vacation during the 32-week study period. The study showed that the largest lift in happiness comes from the simple act of planning vacation. In the study, the effect of vacation expectation lifted happiness for eight weeks.After the vacation, happiness quickly dropped back to baseline levels for most people. How much stress or relaxation a traveler experienced on the trip appeared to influence post-vacation happiness. There was no post-trip happiness benefit for travelers who said the vacation was “neutral” or “stressful.”Surprisingly, even those travelers who described the trip as “relaxing” showed no additional jump in happiness aft er the trip. “They were no happier than people who had not been on holiday,” said the lead author, Jeroen Nawijn, tourism research lecturer at Breda University. The only vacationers who experienced an increase in happiness after the trip were those who reported feeling “very relaxed” on their vacation. Among those people, the vacation happiness effect lasted for just two weeks after the trip before returning to baseline levels.One reason vacations don’t increase happiness after the trip may have to do with the stress of returning to work. And for some travelers, the holiday itself was stressful. “In comments from people, the thing they mentioned most referred to disagreements with a travel partner or being ill,” Mr. Nawijn said.Since most of the happiness boost comes from planning and expecting a vacation, the study suggests that people may get more out of several small trips a year than one big vacation, Mr Nawijnsaid.课堂精讲：2.【2020-2021学年上海市松江区上师大附外高三上学期10月月考考试英语试卷】难度值：（★★★☆）IV. Summary WritingDirections: read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Becoming an attractive employeeThe 2008 financial crisis created an unstable job market. Fast-forward to the present, and the economy has not fully recovered. Thus, it's of vital importance for job seekers to carefully strategize their approach to job application. And it is especially important for those new to the workforce. They should look at making themselves as attractive as possible to employers．For young people, information technology skills will play an increasing role in the future. As the generation to have grown up in the Information Age, they are quite confident when it comes to showing off their interests and skills in this field. This makes them a natural fit for companies seeking expertise in technology, marketing, and networking. They should emphasize these skills when applying for jobs that require the ability to multitask．Another attractive quality is experience. It is important that an applicant's résumés list any activities that involved teamwork and goal-driven responsibilities. Membership in a sports or social club and participation as a volunteer are good examples of this. These activities involve goal management and planning, along with the ability to focus while competing on a team. When hiring committees see this, they see a candidate who is capable of working in a variety of environments．Finally, an attractive quality when job-hunting is a great attitude toward a potential job. Young job seekers are known to be overconfident because they have been praised for everything they have done. But they must realize that the employment market is about how an employee will be a good fit for a company, not the other way around. In fact, in an interview, an important question to ask is "What would be expected of me as an employee？"In today's tough job market, young job seekers need to provide a potential employer with good reasons to hire them．3.【2020-2021学年建平中学高三下3月月考试卷】难度值：（★★★★）IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Blowing a Few TopsEver stopped to consider the upside of volcanic eruptions? It’s not all death, destruction and hot liquid rock—scientists have a plan to cool the planet by simulating one such eruption.Solar geoengineering involves simulating a volcano by spraying aerosols（气溶胶）into the atmosphere. When they combine with oxygen, droplets of sulfuric acid（硫酸）form. These droplets reflect sunlight away from Earth, cooling the planet. All good in theory, but the consequences are largely unknown and a few could be disastrous. In a study recently published in Nature Communications, researchers led by Anthony Jones, a climate scientist from the University of Exeter, found that using this technology in the Northern Hemisphere could reduce the number of tropical winds hitting the U.S. and Caribbean. But there’s an annoying exchange: more winds in the Southern Hemisphere and a drought across the Sahel region of Africa. That’s because the entire climate system is linked—disrupting one region will invariably affect another. How would a nation react if another was causing its weather to get much worse? Would that be an act of war?There is, however, a case for using solar geoengineering on a global scale. Jones says it could be used to“take the edge off”the temperature increases scientists are predicting. It could be used while the world searches for more effective strategies.The study also highlights a far bigger problem with solar geoengineering: its complete lack of regulation.“There’s nothing that could stop one country just doing it,”Jones says.“You only need about 100 aircraft with three flights per day. It would cost $1 billion to $10 billion per year.”He adds,“It’s deeply disturbing that we have this technology that could have such a massive influence on the climate, yet there’s just no regulation to stop countries or even organizations from doing it.”Jones cautions that there is much about the climate system we do not understand, as well as far more that will need to be done before solar geoengineering is considered safe—or too dangerous to even discuss.4.【2020-2021学年七宝中学高三上学期9月第一次月考卷】难度值：（★★★★）IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.“Parents today want their kids spending time on things that can bring them success, but ironically, we’ve stopped doing one thing that’s actually been a proven predictor of success—and that’s household chores.” says Richard Rende, a developmental psychologist in Paradise Valley, Ariz., and co-author of the forthcoming book “raising Can-Do Kids”. Decades of studies show the benefits of chores--academically, emotionally and professionally.Giving children household chores at an early age helps to build a lasting sense of mastery, responsibility and independence, according to research by Marty Rossmann, professor at the University of Minnesota. In 2002, Dr. Rossmann analyzed data from a longitudinal(纵向的) study that followed 84 children across four periods in their lives--in preschool around ages 10 and 15, and in their mid-20s. She found that young adults who began chores at ages 3 and 4 were more likely to have good relationships with family and friends and to achieve academic and early career success and to be self-sufficient, as compared with those who didn’t have chores or who started them as teens.Chores also teach children how to be empathetic and responsive to others’ needs, notes psychologist Richard Weissbourd. In research, his team surveyed 10,000 high-school students and asked them to rank what they treasured more: achievement, happiness or caring for others. Almost 80% chose either achievement or happiness over caring for others. As he points out, however, research suggests that personal happiness comes most reliably not from high achievement but from strong relationships. “We’re out of balance,” says Dr. Weissbourd. A good way to start re-adjusting priorities, he suggests, is by learning to be kind and helpful at home.The next time that your child asks to skip chores to do homework, resist the urge to let him or her off the hook. Being slack(懈怠的) about chores when they compete with school sends your child the message that grades and achievement are more important than caring about others. What may seem like small messages in the moment add up to big ones over time.5.【2020-2021学年上海中学高三上学期第二次月考】难度值：（★★★☆）IV．SummaryDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.Researchers have just offered evidence in a study that says obesity appears to spread through social ties, much like a virus. When one person gains weight, their close friends often follow. But the finding might also offer hope.The researchers examined more than 40,000 social ties. They found that a person’s chance of becoming severely overweight increased by 57% if a friend had become obese. A sister or brother of a person who became obese had a 40% increased chance of becoming obese. The risk for a wife or husband was a little less than that.Nicholas Christakis of Harvard Medial School was a lead investigator in the study. He says there is a direct causal relationship between a person getting fat and being followed in weight gain by a friend. The study found that the sex of the friends was also an influence. In same-sex friendships a person had a 70% increased risk of becoming obese. Men had a 44% increased risk of becoming obese after weight gain in brother. In sisters, it was 67%.The researchers also considered the effect of where people lived in relation to each other. James Fowler of the University of California, San Diego, was the other lead investigator. He saysa friend who lives a few hundred kilometers away has as much influence as one in the same neighborhood. He says the study demonstrates the need to consider that a major part of people’s health is tied to their social connections.Both investigators say their research shows that obesity is not just a private medical issue, but a public health problem.课堂训练：6.【2020-2021学年上海市杨浦区复旦大学附属中学高三下学期英语3月月考试卷】难度值：（★★★）IV. Summary Writing (10分)Directions:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) ofthe passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Given the lack of fit between gifted students and their schools. it is not surprising that such students often have little good to say about their school experience. In one study of 400 adults who had achieved distinction in all areas of life, researchers found that three-fifths of these individuals either did badly in school or were unhappy in school. Pablo Picasso, Charles Darwin, Mark Twain, Oliver Goldsmith and William Butler Yeats all disliked school. So did Winston Churchill, who almost failed out of Harrow, an elite British school. About Oliver Goldsmith, one of his teachers remarked, "Never was so dull a boy. "Often these children realize that they know more than their teachers and their teachers often feel that these children are arrogant inattentive or unmotivated. Some of these gifted people may have done poorly in school because their gifts were not scholastic. Maybe we can account for Picasso in this way. But most did poorly in school not because they lacked ability but because they found school unchallenging and consequently lost interest. Yeats described the lack of fit between his mind and school: " Because I had found it difficult to attend to anything less interesting than my own thoughts, I was difficult to teach. "As noted earlier, gifted children of all kinds tend to be strong-willed nonconformists, nonconformity and stubbornness (and Yeats's level of arrogance and self-absorption )are likely to lead to conflicts with teachers.When highly gifted students in any field talk about what was important to the development of their abilities, they are far more likely to mention their families than their schools or teachers. A writing genius studied by David Feldman and Lynn Goldsmith was taught far more about writing by his journalist father than his English teacher. High-IQ children in Australia studied by Miraca Gross had much more positive feelings about their families than their schools. About half of the mathematicians studied by Benjamin Bloom had little good to say about school. They all did well in school and took honors classes when available, and some skipped grades.7.【2020-2021学年上海市杨浦区控江高级中学高三上学期英语9月月考卷】难度值：（★★★）IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Declining mental function is often seen as a problem of old age, but certain aspects of brain function actually begin their decline in young adulthood, a new study suggests.The study, which followed more than 2,000 healthy adults between the ages of 18 and 60, found that certain mental functions—including measures of abstract reasoning, mental speed and puzzle-solving—started to dull as early as age 27. Dips in memory, meanwhile, generally became apparent around age 37.On the other hand, indicators of a person’s accumulated knowledge—like performance on tests of vocabulary and general knowledge—kept improving with age, according to findings published in the journal Neurobiology of Aging. The results do not mean that young adults need to start worrying about their memories. Most people’s minds function at a high level even in their later years, according to researcher Timothy Salthouse.“These patterns suggest that some types of mental flexibility decrease relatively early in adulthood, but that the amount of knowledge one has, and the effectiveness of integrating it with one’s abilities, may increase throughout all of adulthood if there are no diseases,” Salthouse said in a news release.The study included healthy, educated adults who took standard tests of memory, reasoning and perception at the outset and at some point over the next seven years. The tests are designed to detect subtle changes in mental function, and involve solving puzzles, recalling words and details from stories, and identifying patterns in collections of letters and symbols. In general, Salthouse and his colleagues found, certain aspects of cognition generally started to decline in the late 20s to 30s. The findings shed light on normal age-related changes in mental function, which could aid in understanding the process of dementia(痴呆),according to the researchers.8.【2020-2021学年上海市杨浦区杨浦高级中学高三下学期英语5月第一次阶段测试卷】难度值：（★★★★☆）Ⅳ. Summary writingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and main point(s) of the passagein no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The business of America is business, which points to an important truth today that business institutions have more prestige (威望) in American society than any other kind of organization, including the government. Why do business institutions possess this great prestige?One reason is that Americans view business as being more firmly based on the ideal of competition than other institutions in society. Since competition is seen as the major source of progress and prosperity by most Americans, competitive business institutions are respected. Competition is not only good in itself, it is also the means by which other basic American values such as individual freedom and equality of opportunity are protected.Competition protects the freedom of the individual by ensuring that there is no monopoly(垄断) of power. In contrast to one, all-powerful government, many businesses compete against each other for profits. Theoretically, if one business tries to take unfair advantage of its customers, it will lose to competing business which treats its customers more fairly. Where many businesses compete for the customers’ dollar, they cannot afford to treat them like inferiors or slaves.A contrast is often made between business, which is competitive, and government, which is a monopoly. Because business is competitive, many Americans believe that it is more supportive of freedom than government, even though government leaders are elected by the people and business leaders are not. Many Americans believe, then, that competition is as important, or even more important, than democracy in preserving freedom.Competition in business is also believed to strengthen the ideal of equality of opportunity. Competition is seen as an open and fair race where success goes to the swiftest person regardless of his or her social class background. Competitive success is commonly seen as the American alternative to social rank based on family background. Business is therefore viewed as an expression of the idea of equality of opportunity rather than the aristocratic (贵族的) idea of inherited privilege.课堂小结及作业：9.【2020-2021学年上海市长宁区延安中学高三上学期11月第一次阶段测试卷】难度值：（★★★★）Ⅱ. SummaryDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words, Use your own words as far as possible So, when you picked up a few things in a supermarket, a guy ran his cart over your toe with no apology. By the time when a fellow motorist had cut you off in traffic, with a rude hand gesture or two, wasn't it a relief to get to the office?The answer is a definite yes. It is found that most American people today think public rudeness is on the rise, and most see that as a"major problem. "Moreover, it's getting worse. Last year, people reported encountering an average of 6.2 instances per week of evil behavior. This year, the number had shot up to 10.6.The exception, it seems, is the workplace. More than 90%of us see companies offices as what is immune to social bad manners. Workplaces are getting more civil in many people's eyes, The reported cases of office in civility this year declined to 0.29%-markedly lower than cases of running into rudeness online(39%), while shopping (39%), or while driving(also 39%).Of course, less-than-polite driving or letting loose with an online conduct code is, after all, unlikely to cost anyone his next raise or promotion. However, being on one’s best behavior in any professional field is generally a common-sense career awareness for anyone seeking job development.But there's more to it. Trends in how companies operate seem to have the welcome effect of encouraging coworkers to play nice. CEOS, and managers at all levels, are now keen on cooperation. They are trying to build a 'Best Places to Work' culture, to attract the best available talents. This emphasis on co-working atmosphere really requires civil interactions between people.Nonetheless, a significant number of employees believe there's more to be done. Asked what changes they'd like to see, 62% hope that "civility training will be continued", looking for bigger progress in the workplace manners.10.【2020-2021学年上海市长宁区延安中学高三上学期11月第二次阶段测试卷】难度值：（★★★）IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Curiosity Is an Increasingly Rare VirtueMost of the breakthrough discoveries and remarkable inventions throughout history, from Mints (T)A1) for starting a fire to self-driving cars, have something in common: They are the result of curiosity. But the jouralist Ian. Leslie, in his newly-published book Curious: The Desire to Know and Why Your Future Depends on It, insists that curiosity is a much overlooked human virtue, crucial to our success. and we are losing it.Leslie presents considerable evidence for the claim that the society as a whole is growing less curious. In the U.S. and Europe, for example, the rise of the Internet, among other social and technological changes, has led to a declining consumption of news from outside the readers borders. Indeed, Google, for which Leslie expresses admiration, is also his frequent whipping boy (Rf 2F): we seek only the information we want. But not everything is to be blamed on technology. The decline in interest in literary fiction is also one of the causes identified by Leslie.Why is this a problem? Because without curiosity we will lose the spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship(企业家精神) Worse still，that lack of curiosity produces a relative lack of knowledge, and the lack of knowledge is difficult if not impossible to compensate for later on.Fortunately, some strategies can be employed to develop curiosity: If you just accept the world as it is without trying to dig deeper, you will certainly lose the holy curiosity. Of course, one effective way to dig deeper beneath the surface is asking questions: What is that? Why is it made that way? Who invented it? How does it work? . And if you see learning as a burden, there' s no way you will want to dig deeper into anything. That will just make the burden heavier But if you think of learning as something fun, you will naturally want to dig deeper.。
2021高中英语一轮复习新高考版专题十 读后续写(讲解部分)
——与所给短文有一定的关系,与所提供各段落开头语有一定程度 的衔接。 ——写出了一些有关内容,应用了3个以上短文中标出的关键词语。 ——语法结构单调,词汇项目有限,有些语法结构和词汇方面的错误, 影响了意义的表达。 ——较少使用语句间的连接成分,全文内容缺少连贯性。
——与所给短文和开头语的衔接较差。 ——产出内容太少,很少使用短文中标出的关键词语。 ——语法结构单调,词汇项目很有限,有较多语法结构和词汇方面的 错误,严重影响了意义的表达。 ——缺乏语句间的连接成分,全文内容不连贯。
高考英语
专题十 读后续写
考点清单
清单一 续写中常用词汇
一、“变化莫测”的天气
二、“各不相同”的外貌
三、“各具特色”的性格
四、“多情善变”的情感形容词
积极情绪
calm 镇静的 cheerful 兴高采烈的 confident 有信心的 delighted 高兴的 eager 渴望的;热切的 excited 兴奋的;激动的 patient 耐心的 proud 自豪的 peaceful 安静的;平静的 relaxed 放松的 thirsty 渴望的 thrilled 兴奋的;激动的
白卷、内容太少无法判断或所写内容与所提供内容无关。
二、厘清续写思路,打造高分作文 1.梳理记叙要素,归纳文本大意 文本大意(main idea)指文章的主要内容,即围绕主要人或物描述的主要事 件及其结果。归纳记叙文文本大意可用要素归纳法,即找出记叙文的六要 素(时间、地点、人物和事情的起因、经过和结果),并将其概括为“何人/ 物于何时何地做了何事,最终结果如何”,有时根据实际情况“何时何地” 可以省略。 2.厘清叙事情节,助推故事高潮 情节是记叙文完整内容的具体展开,通常包括开端(beginning)、发展(development)、高潮(climax)和结局(ending)。在研读所给文本的前提下,巧 妙营造故事的高潮是提升写作质量的关键一环,其常用方法如下:
2021届高考英语二轮复习语法专项突围专题10 过去分词(解析版)
过去分词1. Li Ziqi is famous for her videos of rural self-sufficiency ______ on Weibo and YouTube.A. postedB. having postedC. having been postedD. to be posted2. The workers are glad to get the harbor scheduled next year ______.A. to be finishedB. having been finishedC. finishedD. being finished【答案解析】C【详解】考查非谓语动词。
句意：完成了计划在来年完工的港口，工人们很高兴。
分析句子可知，are是句子的谓语，scheduled是过去分词作后置定语修饰限定the harbor，空白处与前面构成get+O+O.C结构；finish与宾语the harbor是被动关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语。
故选C。
3. The police are trying to find out the evidence of the woman _________ in the bathroom.A. murderedB. to be murderedC. being murderedD. murdering【答案解析】A【详解】考查非谓语动词。
句意：警察正在努力找出那个女士在浴室被谋杀的证据。
分析句子可知，句子的谓语是are trying，所以空白处要用非谓语动词；谋杀（murder）与逻辑主语the woman是被动关系，要用过去分词形式。
故选A。
【点睛】非谓语动词解题三原则：1、查看句子是否缺少谓语动词，来判断是否使用非谓语动词形式。
2、判断语态，根据动作执行者和承受者来判断是使用主动还是被动语态。
3、判断时态，根据动作的先后关系等，判断应该使用的时态。
从句 第10讲 -名词性从句---2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新教材新高考)(练)(学生版)
第10讲–名词性从句(练)时间：50分钟满分：50分姓名________________ 得数___________________Ⅰ.单句语法填空（每个1分，共15分）1.[2021·八省1月联考]I can't guarantee _______ would happen to your shop then!2. [2021·北京市通州区高三上学期期末]In fact, _______ the world looks like is not very clear in many people’s mind.3.[2021·北京市丰台区高三上学期期末]A study published in the journal Current Biology completely has changed _____ people used to think.4．[2021·北京市昌平区高三上学期期末]______ makes this finding unusual is its adorable appearance. The clay pig looks exactly like the green pig from The Angry Birds movie.5. [2021·天津市八校高三期中联考]To be honest, I am not the person deserving the honor; it should be given to _____ we think has made the greatest contribution.6. 【2021届江苏省第一次百校联考】Why do squirrels spend their time in trees and chipmunks(花栗鼠) prefer the ground? The answer has a lot to do with 36．chipmunks and squirrels spend their winters.7. 【江苏省苏州市2021届八校联盟高三第一次适应性检测】The updated information on the Artemis mission renews NASA’s promise 38．one of the astronauts will be a woman.8．【江苏省镇江市四校2021届高三上学期第一次联考】Be sure to be with a strong awareness that you are 59．you eat!9.【江苏省徐州市（市区部分学校）2021届高三9月学情调研】Though scientists aren’t sure 43．is causing this change, the publishers of the study think t hat it’s connected to rainfall.10．【江苏省扬州市扬州中学2021届高三上学期十月月考】These are39．she chose to take out. By the 1860s, she may have included scissors, a purse, and a magnifying glass.11．________ left the door unlocked must be responsible for the accident.12．Sometimes, I really doubt ________ there is love between my parents. Every day they try to earn money in order to pay the high tuition for my brother.13．The key to becoming happy is________ you treat your life and work.14．I really want to know ________ you are waiting for at the school gate at present since all the other students have left after school.15．________ all of them didn’t act on her suggestion made her confused for a long time.Ⅱ.单项选择（每个1分，共25分）1．（2021·天津市宁河区芦台第一中学高三其他模拟）______ makes our school famous is ______ more than 90% of the students have been admitted to universities.A．What; that B．Which; because C．That; what D．What; because2．（2021·天津和平区·耀华中学）________ Maya civilization collapsed remains a mystery. The once-great cities fell into ruins.A．What B．Why C．Whether D．That3．（2021·天津滨海新区·高三三模）People may think that dinosaurs were big, green with hard skin covering their bodies. But in fact, it seems that dinosaurs appeared very different from________ we think.A．which B．that C．who D．what4．（2021·天津高三二模）Air pollution is a big problem. I wonder ______ we can do about it.A．whether B．what C．how D．that5．（2021·天津河西区·高三二模）________is known to all is that the outstanding academic atmosphere, as well as various festivals and sports, ________ many students to our school.A．It：draw B．Which：draw C．What：draws D．As：draws6．（2021·天津高三一模）________ students do at the college matters much more than where they travel. A．Which B．Where C．What D．When7．（2021·天津市滨海新区塘沽第一中学高三开学考试）Believe it or not, your parents have experienced________you have experienced as children and teenagers.A．how B．which C．what D．that8．（2021·天津）More than 100 students have entered for the competition, and________ gains the most points will be the winner.A．anyone B．the one C．who D．whoever9．（2021·天津一中）It’s unwise to leave________ can be life’s most important decision—future career—entirely to luck.A．which B．that C．what D．how10．（2021·天津河西区·高三一模）Jenny has got________ it takes to be a good actress. In other words, she has the potential to become famous.A．what B．when C．that D．how11．（2021·天津和平区·高三一模）We've got a couple of participants in the team. The problem is cancomplete this challenging task.A．which B．what C．who D．that12．（2021·黑龙江哈尔滨市·哈尔滨三中高三期末）High school students will be better aware of ________ the real world is like by participating in the community service.A．where B．that C．whether D．what13．（2021·山东）—Excuse me. Could you tell me ____________?—In front of the library.A．what time should we arrive at the parkB．where should we meetC．where I can find you tomorrow morningD．what we need to take with us14．（2021·天津耀华中学高三期末）---Be careful! Your clothes will get caught in the machine.---Thank you. I so close to it.A．didn't know I was. B．thought I wasC．had thought I was D．don't know I am15．（2021·天津耀华中学高三期末）was beyond their expectation was that finally they reached a place sold cigarettes and other small articles.A．It, where B．What, which C．As, where D．What, where16．（2021·天津滨海新区·高三期末）From the bottom of my heart, _________ I want to say to you is “Thank you!”.A．which B．that C．what D．why17．（2021·天津高三期末）The science competition is a good opportunity to show students ______ creativity can add new value to their school life.A．where B．whose C．when D．how18．（2021·天津高三期末）---I called your office at about ten this morning, but there was no reply．---Oh, that was probably __________ I was paying a visit to a friend in hospital．A．when B．why C．what D．that19．（2021·天津高三期末）Patience is a good virtue and that’s ______ it takes to do anything well.A．where B．which C．what D．how20．（2021·天津静海区·静海一中高三月考）Evolution is the answer to ________ new species of plants andanimals come to exist.A．what B．when C．which D．how21．（2021·天津市宝坻区第一中学高三三模）The book is of great help to ______ wants to do the job.A．who B．whomever C．no matter who D．whoever22．（2021·黑龙江哈尔滨市·哈尔滨三中高三期末）The boss in the end decided to give the position tohe believed had a good command of Chinese.A．who B．anyone C．whomever D．whoever23．（2021·天津市天津中学高三月考）It suddenly occurred to him ________ he had left his keys in the office. A．whether B．whereC．which D．that24．（2021·天津高三三模）I always read newspapers backwards because the back pages are ______ the sport is. A．that B．where C．how D．what .25．（2021·天津高三二模）My neighbour Sana is always sheltering her child too much, and that’s ____we differ. A．when B．what C．how D．whereIII．【过关练】高考真题（每个1分，共10分）1.【2021·全国新高考I卷】56．is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.2.【2020·浙江卷】Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on 57．could be hunted or gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.3.【2020届浙江省临海市、乐清市、新昌县高三选考模拟】This decade I’m going to take a longer term focus. Rather than having year-to-year challenges, I’ve tried to think about 62．the world and my life will be like in 2030 so I can make sure I’m focusing on those things.4.【2019·新课标I卷·语法填空】While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence ___61___ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.5.【2019·北京卷·语法填空】What students do at college seems to matter much more than ___8___ they go.6.(2015·全国Ⅱ,70)As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.7．Success partially depends on ________ you have the patience to do simple things perfectly．8．I lost my cell phone yesterday．Can you tell me ________ I can buy one?9．It never occurred to me ________ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind．10．________ breaks the law will be punished．。
2024年高考英语一轮专题复习精讲精练第10讲 读后续写心理活动之积极情绪描写(讲义)
►第10讲心理描写之积极情绪（讲义）目录【精彩典例】1.（湖南师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高三摸底考试）My children happily accepted and warmly took Steven to visit his new home and discussed making room for Steven.我的孩子们高兴地接受了邀请，并热情地带史蒂文去他的新家，讨论为史蒂文腾出空间。
2.Her face lit up with pleasure.(容光焕发)3. A smile of understanding flashed across his face.他脸上露出了一种理解的微笑。
4.A smile played around his mouth.他的嘴角挂着一丝笑意。
5.His eyes twinkled with pleasur e.他的眼睛闪烁着快乐。
6.They ran around after each other, their faces irradiated with joy.他们互相追逐着，脸上充满了喜悦。
7.I was pleased beyond description.我高兴得难以形容。
8. I was overjoyed and ran three steps at once.我欣喜若狂，三步并作两步就跑了过去。
9.She wore a shining smile on her f ace.她脸上带着灿烂的笑容。
10.She was overflowing with happiness.她洋溢着幸福。
11. I was floating on air. 我高兴得飘飘然。
12.Flowers are smiling brightly, birds are crying joyfully. My heart is as sweet as honey.花儿在微笑，鸟儿在快乐地鸣叫，我的心情就像吃了蜜一样的甜。
2021年高考英语冲刺讲义
2021年高考英语冲刺讲义2021年高考英语复习资料,绝对是重中之重!资料非常实用,不下载会后悔的呦!!!2021年高三英语复习资料一、多听老师的，少自作主张二、多用碎时间，少搞大突击三、多接触英语，少钻研语法四、多做高考题，少抠模拟题五、多攻词汇表，少记课外词六、多做一般题，少钻研难题七、多背好语句，少问为什么一、全国新课标卷的试题结构的分析第一批实施课改的四个省份中的宁夏和海南，从2007年至2009年所使用的试题被称为“宁夏、海南卷”，2021和2021年改为“新课标卷”。
以2021年的全国新课标卷同全国大纲卷（I）为例进行比较，我们很清楚地看到：①听力、单选、完形填空、阅读理解以及书面表达的试题两套试卷基本完全一样。
②全国新课标卷只将了一篇阅读理解题换成了“七选五”。
③全国新课标卷把短文改错由“每行一错”改为“每行最多两个错误，不限行数”。
④新课标所增加的语法内容在单选和改错试题中基本无一体现。
由此我们不难看出，全国新课标卷只是在全国大纲卷（I）的基础上变化了10分的试题，这完全是形式上的变化，没有实际意义。
二、词汇能力的问题词汇能力是学生所有基本能力中最重要的而且也是最基础的能力。
词汇能力在很大程度上决定着高考的成绩。
1）词汇量的问题。
词汇的积累对任何学习英语的人都是不可或缺的。
在高考中能拿到高分的学生一定是在高考试卷中基本做到“零生词”的学生。
实践证明，新课标所规定的3500个单词和短语的要求，对相当多的高三学生来说是一项十分艰难的任务。
因此，词汇量的积累应该列为贯穿于高考复习全过程的首要任务。
实际情况是新课标卷实际单词考察量只是略高于大纲卷，这是由于每年都有新省份加入而必须保持过渡性、稳定性。
但不能因此放松对词汇记忆的要求，学生的实际词汇水平相对于是考试实际要求的最低2000个（基本为原大纲要求词汇）左右仍有较大差距。
2）“一词多义”的问题。
学生在运用英语的过程中，经常会遇到十分眼熟的词，但是看不懂意思。
2021高考北师版英语一轮复习讲义：第1部分 必修4 Unit 10 Money
Unit 10MoneyⅠ.写作单词——会拼写1．technique n．技术，技巧2．fluently ad v.流利地3．defeat v t.战胜，击败4．earn v t.挣得，赚得5．wallet n. 皮夹子，钱包6．enjoyable adj.使人快乐的7．hardworking adj.勤奋的8．businessman n. 商人，实业家9．rude adj.粗鲁的，无礼的10．balance n. 平衡11．remove v t.移开，挪走12．behave v i.举止，表现13．motivate v t.使有动机，促使激发→motivation n. 动力，诱因→motivated adj.有动机的，有积极性的14．achievement n. 成就，完成→achieve v t.到达；完成15．vary v. 不同，变化，变更→variety n. 多样化，多样性→various adj.各种各样的16．determine v t.确定，决定→determined adj.坚决的，有决心的→determination n. 决心，果断17．concern v t.使忧虑；与……相关→concerned adj.担忧的，涉及的→concerning prep. 关于18．please v. 使满意，使快乐→pleasing adj.令人快乐的→pleased adj.快乐的→pleasure n. 令人快乐的事19．aware adj.知道的，意识到的→awareness n. 知道，认识，了解20．product n. 产品；出品→produce v t.生产→production n. 生产；成果；作品21．enthusiastic adj.很感兴趣的，热情的→enthusiasm n. 热情；热忱；兴奋22．ashamed adj.羞耻的，惭愧的→shame v. 使感到羞愧→shameful adj.可耻的；丢脸的23．amusement n. 乐趣，娱乐活动→amuse v t.逗乐；逗笑；娱乐；消遣→amusing adj.有趣的，逗乐的→amused adj.愉快的，开心的；好玩的24．puzzle v t.使困惑n. 谜，疑问→puzzled adj.困惑的→puzzling adj.使迷惑的25．advance v i.前进；取得进展→advanced adj.先进的，高级的26．practical adj.实用的；实践的→practice n. 实践；练习；惯例，习俗27．electricity n. 电；电学→electrical adj.与电有关的，用电的→electric adj.电的，用电的；发电的Ⅱ.阅读单词——要识记28．dormitory n．宿舍29．bargain n．&v i. 讨价还价；廉价货30．aggressive adj.好斗的；有进取心的31．groceries n. 食品杂货32．approximately ad v.近似地，大约地33．photography n. 摄影34．automatic adj.自动的35．incredibly ad v.难以置信地高频短语——会默写1．put off 推迟2．at present 目前，现在3．out of work 失业4．give away 赠送；泄露(秘密) 5．drop out 退出，退学6．make/earn a living 谋生7．be determined to do sth. 决心做某事8．dream up 凭空想出，虚构出9．take turns 轮流10．be concerned about 对……关心，挂念11．turn one's back on 不理睬；拒绝12．be tired of... 厌倦了……13．appeal to... 吸引……；呼吁14．a variety of 各种各样的15．what's more 而且，此外16．be associated with 将……与……联系起来教材原句——会背诵句式仿写——能应用1.There are certainly no signs that Charles was a rich man！(that引导同位语从句。
2021版高考英语一轮复习Unit10Money讲义北师大版必修4
2021版高考英语一轮复习Unit10Money讲义北师大版必修4[一积词汇见多识广][课内单词回扣](一)阅读词汇写其义1．dormitory n．寝室，宿舍 2.greedy adj.贪欲的，贪心的3．cigarette n．香烟_ 4.bargain n．& v i.廉价货；讨价还价5．incredibly ad v.难以置信地 6 ment v i.& v t.评论7．enjoyable adj.使人欢乐的_ 8.hardworking adj.勤奋的(二)表达词汇写其形1．replace v t.代替，取代 2.balance_n．平稳3．fluently ad v.流利地 4.native_adj.出生地的，本土的5．defeat v t.战胜，击败 6.earn_v t.挣得，赚得7．remove v t.移开，挪走8._rude_adj.粗鲁的，无礼的(三)拓展词汇灵活用1.variety n．多样化，多样性→various adj.各种各样的→vary v．相异，不同*2.determine v t.确定；决定→determination n．决心，决定→determined adj.有决心的；坚决的3.concern v t.使担忧；与……相关→concerned adj.担忧的；涉及的→concerning prep.关于*4.aware adj.明白的，意识到的→awareness n．意识*5.puzzle v t.使困惑n．谜语→puzzled adj.困惑的→puzzling adj.令人困惑的*6.product n．产品；出品→produce v．生产→production n．生产；成果；作品7.enthusiastic adj.专门感爱好的；热情的→enthusiasm n．热情8.annoy v t.打搅；使苦恼→annoyed adj.苦恼的→annoying adj.使人苦恼的→annoyance n．苦恼9.contain v t.包含，含有→container n．容器10.ashamed adj.羞耻的，惭愧的→shame v．使感到惭愧n．羞耻，惭愧→shameful adj.可耻的，丢脸的*11.amusement n．乐趣，娱乐活动→amuse v t.以……自娱，逗……乐→amused adj.觉得好笑的→amusing adj.有味的，好笑的*12.practical adj.有用的；实践的→practise v．实践→practice n．实践用上面加*号的单词的适当形式填空1．She is a determined girl, so we know that once she has determined to do something, she will make her dream come true with great determination.2．Mr. Black is an amusing person who often amuses us with amusing stories. So staying with him is really a kind of amusement.3．We should learn to put the theory into practice and be practical and realistic all the time.4．Health awareness has increased over the past decade.As a result, smokers are aware of the dangers of smoking to their own health.5．The puzzled look on her face shows that she is puzzled about the puzzling question.6．It is universally believed that only reform can serve to raise the production level.[话题单词积存]1．towel /'taʊəl/ n．毛巾2．handkerchief /'hæŋkətʃɪf/ n．手帕3．store /stɔː(r)/n. 商店4．supermarket /'suːpəmɑːkɪt/n．超市5．retailer /'riːteɪlə(r)/ n. 零售店6．shelf /ʃelf/ n. 货架，架子7．counter /'kaʊntə(r)/ n. 柜台，结账处8．purchase /'pɜːtʃəs/ n．& v t.购买，采购9．consume /kən'sjuːm/v t. 消耗，耗费(燃料、能量、时刻等)10．consumer /kən'sjuːmə/ n．消费者11．customer /'kʌstəmə(r)/ n. (商店)顾客，主顾12．goods /ɡʊdz/n. 商品，物资13．parcel /'pɑːsl/n. 包裹14．change /tʃeɪndʒ/ n. 零钱，找头15．cheque /tʃek/ n. 支票16．expense /ɪk'spens/ n. 消费；开支17．fee /fiː/n. 费，费用18．penny (pl.pence) /'peni/ n．便士；分19．pound /paʊnd/ n. 磅；英镑20．fare /feə(r)/ n. (车或船的)费用，票(价)21．receipt /rɪ'siːt/n. 收据22．refund /'riːfʌnd/ v t. 退款23．afford /ə'fɔːd/v t. 负担得起24．account /ə'kaʊnt/ n. 账目；描述25．bill /bɪl/ n. 账单；钞票，票据26．debt /det/ n. 债务；欠款27．interest /'ɪntrəst/ n. 利息28．budget /'bʌdʒɪt/ n. 预算29．capital /'kæpɪtl/ n. 资本30．currency /'kʌrənsi/ n. 货币；流通31．waste /weɪst/ v. 白费32．business /'bɪznəs/ n. 生意，交易；事业33．deal /diːl/n. 量，数额；交易34．trade /treɪd/ n. 贸易35．profit /'prɒfɪt/ n. 利润[二积短语顿挫抑扬][课内短语回扣](一)依照汉语写出下列短语*1.put_off 推迟 2.be_determined_to_do_sth.决心做某事3.at_present 目前，现在*4.give_away 赠送；泄露(隐秘)*5.drop_out退出；退学 6.make/earn_a_living 谋生*7.take_turns 轮番8.turn_one's_back_on 不理会；拒绝9.be_tired_of_...厌倦了……*10.appeal_to_...吸引……；呼吁11.a_variety_of 各种各样的*12.what's_more而且，此外*13.be_associated_with 将……与……联系起来14.be_concerned_about 对……关怀，挂念(二)用上面加*号的短语完成下列句子1．He learns quickly, and what's_more,_he remembers all what he has learnt.2．The male and female birds take_turns in sitting on the eggs.3．We will put_off the picnic in the park until next week, when the weather may be better. 4．He no longer wished to be_associated_with the party's policy on education.5．He is so generous that he gives_away part of his income to his needy friends.6．The police appealed_to the crowd to keep calm and the problem was being solved. 7．She got a scholarship to Cambridge but dropped_out a year later.[话题短语积存]1．free of charge不收费，免费2．at a discount 打折3．on sale (折价)出售，上市4．sell out 售完5．pick out 选出6．place an order for ... 订购7．in cash 用现金支付8．credit card 信用卡9．of good/poor quality 质量好/坏10．for sale 待售，出售11．second-hand store 二手店12．shopping mall/center 购物中心13．chain store 连锁店14．department store 百货商店15．checkout counter/cashier desk收银处16．pay for 付款17．bring down prices 降低价格18．set aside 拨出，留出，节约19．living standard 生活水平20．pocket money 零花钱21．form a good habit of saving money 养成存钱的好适应22．take out 取出[三积句式写作扮靓][课内句式仿写]1．that引导同位语从句[例句]There are certainly no signs that Charles was a rich man![仿写]现在地球正变得越来越温顺，那个事实让许多科学家焦虑。
Day 10 过去分词-冲刺2021年高考英语语法20天集训(解析版)
Day 10过去分词1. _____ by a burning desire for adventure, Li Bai left home and started to travel around in his early twenties.A. Having drivenB. Being drivenC. To driveD. Driven【答案解析】D【详解】考查过去分词。
句意：由于对冒险的强烈渴望，李白在二十出头的时候离开了家，开始四处旅行。
分析句子可知，Li Bai与drive在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。
故选D项。
2. _________in Avebury, England, the monument is so large that it can only be seen from the sky.A. LocatedB. LocatingC. Being locatedD. To locate【答案解析】A【详解】考查非谓语动词。
句意：石碑位于英国的埃夫伯利村，它太大了，只有从天空才能看到。
短语be located in表示“位于……，坐落在”，此处省be，用过去分词作状语。
故选A。
3. In the first half of 2020, the number of residency permits given out by Canada fell by more than half, _____ to a year earlier, mainly because of restrictions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. A. compared B. comparing C. to compare D. being compared【答案解析】A【详解】考查非谓语动词。
句意：与一年前相比，2020年上半年，加拿大发放的居留许可数量减少了一半以上，主要原因是新冠肺炎疫情造成的限制。
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To live in the United States today is to gain an appreciation for Dahrendorf’sdeclaration that social change exists everywhere. Technology, the application of knowledge for practical ends, is a major source of social change.
Yet we would do well to remind ourselves that technology is human creation; it does not exist naturally. A spear or a robot is as much a cultural as a physical object. Until humans use a spear to hunt game or a robot to produce machine parts, neither is much more than a solid mass of matter. For a bird looking for an object on which to rest, a spear or robot serves the purpose equally well. The explosion of the Challenger space shuttle and the Russian nuclear accident at Chernobyl drive home the human quality of technology; they provide cases in which well-planned systems suddenly went haywire and there was no ready hand to set them right. Since technology is a human creation, we are responsible for what is done with it. Pessimists worry that we will use our technology eventually to blow our world and ourselves to pieces. But they have been saying this for decades, and so far we have managed to survive and even flourish. Whether we will continue to do so in the years ahead remains uncertain. Clearly, the impact of technology on our lives deserves a closer examination.
Few technological developments have had a greater impact on our lives than the computer revolution. Scientists and engineers have designed specialized machines that can do the tasks that once only people could do. There are those who declare that the switch to an information-based economy is in the same camp as other great historical milestones, particularly the Industrial Revolution. Yet when we ask why the Industrial Revolution was a revolution, we find that it was not the machines. The primary reason why it was revolutionary is that it led to great social change. It gave rise to mass production and, through mass production, to a society in which wealth was not restricted to the few.
In somewhat similar fashion, computers promise to revolutionize the structure of American life particularly as they free the human mind and open new possibilities in knowledge and communication. The Industrial Revolution supplemented and replaced the muscles of humans and animals by mechanical methods. The computer extends this development to supplement and replace some aspects of the mind of human beings by electronic methods. It is the capacity of the computer for solving problems and making decisions that represents its greatest potential and that poses the greatest difficulties in predicting the impact on society.
63. Why does the author give the examples of the Challenger and Chernobyl?
A. To show that technology could be used to destroy our world.
B. To stress the author’s concern about the safety of complex technology.
C. To prove that technology usually goes wrong, if not controlled by man.
D. To demonstrate that being a human creation, technology is likely to make an error.
64. What does the phrase“wenthaywire” in paragraph 2 most probably mean?
A. were out of range
B. went out of date
C. fell out of use
D. got out of control
65. According to the author, the introduction of the computer is a revolution mainly because _________________.
A. the computer has revolutionized the workings of the human mind
B. the computer can do the tasks that could only be done by people before
C. it has helped to switch to an information technology。