文学翻译课程预习1
大学英语专业文学翻译教案
课程名称：大学英语专业文学翻译授课对象：英语专业本科三年级学生课时：2课时教学目标：1. 理解文学翻译的基本原则和技巧。
2. 培养学生准确、流畅、有文采的文学翻译能力。
3. 提高学生对中西方文学作品的鉴赏能力。
教学内容：1. 文学翻译的基本原则2. 文学翻译的技巧3. 文学翻译案例分析教学过程：第一课时一、导入1. 引导学生回顾已学过的翻译理论，如忠实原则、目的论等。
2. 提出本节课的学习目标：了解文学翻译的基本原则和技巧。
二、讲授新知1. 文学翻译的基本原则a. 忠实原则：忠实原文，保持原文风格。
b. 目的论：翻译应以传达原文信息为目的，同时考虑译文读者的接受能力。
c. 可读性原则：译文应尽量符合目标语言的表达习惯，提高可读性。
2. 文学翻译的技巧a. 词汇翻译技巧：直译、意译、增译、省译等。
b. 句子翻译技巧：调整语序、改变句式、增减词语等。
c. 文化背景知识的应用：了解中西方文化差异，准确传达文化信息。
三、课堂练习1. 学生分组，每人选取一篇英文文学作品，进行翻译练习。
2. 小组讨论，分享翻译心得。
第二课时一、复习导入1. 回顾上一节课学习的内容，检查学生对文学翻译基本原则和技巧的掌握程度。
2. 提出本节课的学习目标：通过案例分析，提高学生的文学翻译能力。
二、讲授新知1. 文学翻译案例分析a. 选择一篇具有代表性的英文文学作品，进行全文翻译。
b. 分析翻译过程中的难点和解决方案。
2. 学生展示翻译作品，教师点评。
三、课堂练习1. 学生选取另一篇英文文学作品，进行翻译练习。
2. 小组讨论，分享翻译心得。
四、总结与反思1. 教师总结本节课的学习内容，强调文学翻译的基本原则和技巧。
2. 学生分享自己的学习心得，提出自己在翻译过程中遇到的问题和解决方法。
教学评价：1. 学生对文学翻译基本原则和技巧的掌握程度。
2. 学生翻译作品的质量和进步。
3. 学生对课堂练习的参与度和讨论积极性。
《文学翻译》理论教学大纲 (供四年制本科翻译专业使用)
《文学翻译》理论教学大纲(供四年制本科翻译专业使用)Ⅰ前言本课程是针对翻译专业本科生高年级开设的一门重要的专业必修课程。
主要帮助学生较为深入地认识文学翻译活动，初步理解和掌握文学翻译的基本原理、方法和技巧，切实提高他们在翻译理解过程中的文学鉴赏水平与表达过程中的艺术再现能力，为他们能独立从事文学翻译工作，并进行文学翻译研究打下坚实的基础。
课程内容主要涉及以下几个方面：文学翻译的基本原理与方法的介绍，翻译实例理解，表达与修订过程的分析与讲评以及翻译实践训练。
遵循从一般性、基础性到具体性的原则，先从总体介绍文学翻译所涉及的基本环节入手，逐步分节介绍散文、诗歌、小说与戏剧四种文学体裁的翻译。
采用理论讲解，结合过程导入、实证分析教学方法，践行理论与实践相结合的原则，先扼要介绍文学翻译的基本理论，后细致演绎理论指导下的原文理解与译文表达、修订过程，切实帮助学生初步认识文学翻译活动。
本大纲适用于四年制本科翻译专业学生使用。
现将大纲使用中有关问题说明如下:一为了使教师和学生更好地掌握教材,大纲每一章节均由教学目的、教学要求和教学内容三部分组成。
教学目的注明教学目标，教学要求分掌握、熟悉和了解三个级别,教学内容与教学要求级别相对应,并统一标示(核心内容即知识点以下划实线，重点内容以下划虚线，一般内容不标示)便于学生重点学习。
二教师在保证大纲核心内容的前提下,可根据不同教学手段,讲授重点内容和介绍一般内容，有的内容可留给学生自学。
三总教学参考学时为36学时。
四教材：《文学翻译》，外语教学与研究出版社，张保红，2011年第1版。
教学参考用书：辛红娟.《文学翻译读本》.南京：南京大学出版社.贾英伦.《文学翻译修辞研究》.北京：科技出版社.胡显耀，李力.《高级文学翻译》.北京：外语教学与研究出版社.Landers C.E..《文学翻译实用指南》上海：上海外语教学出版社.许钧.《文学翻译的理论与实践》译林出版社.II 正文第一章文学翻译概述一教学目的理解文学翻译的内涵与本质、过程与原则、价值与意义；了解文学语言的的基本特性及文学文本的层次结构特点；了解文学译者的素质要求。
文学翻译课程预习1(1)
一、试将下列英语句子译成通顺地道的汉语1. What is is right.2. Many of the ideas which scientists tell us have no foundation have to do with mixture offoods.3.—What do you do with the mountains of potatoes?—We eat what we can and what we can’t we can.4. The child is father to the man.5. The steganography in ancient China is quite different from that of today in use.6. Read aloud your goal to yourself every day until you have it memorized.二、以下所给汉语对联、校训和英语句子的相应译文均有较严重的错误或不妥当，值得商榷之处，请反复阅读，再三琢磨，争取看出问题并加以解决。
1. 青山有幸埋忠骨，白铁无辜铸佞臣。
The green hill is fortunate to be the burial ground of a loyal general,The white iron is innocent to be cast into the statues of traitors.（陈刚《旅游翻译和涉外导游》）2. 博学笃行盛德日新（湘潭大学校训）Knowledge, Action and Virtue （见湘潭大学网页英文版学校概况）学为人师，行为世范（北京师范大学校训）Learn, so as to instruct others; Act, to serve as example to all（见北京师范大学网首页页楣）3. The future is dark, yet Lauren stays cheerful and Patrick has a quiet confidence that he’llbeat the disease. “Apart we’d probably be two of the weakest people,” says Lauren. “But together we’re strong.”未来是暗淡的，但劳伦保持着乐观的心态，帕特里克也十分有信心战胜疾病。
第32课翻译与文体--文学翻译（1）
⼀、诗歌的翻译 （⼀）英语诗歌的特点 1）语⾔的⾳韵美和节奏感 押韵是是诗体与其它⽂体的区别之⼀。
押韵是语流中相同⾳素的重复和组合所造成的共鸣和呼应。
英诗常⽤的韵有①头韵（alliteration），即词⾸⾳素的连续重复，与汉语的"双声"相似（如Thomas Gray 的 Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard中的The plowman homeward plods his weary way⼀句，plowman与plods, weary 与way都形成头韵）；②谐元⾳/腹韵（assonance），即词中重读元⾳的重复（如sweet与sleep, cradle与grave）；③尾韵（rhyme），即词尾相同⾳素的重复。
诗歌除了⾳韵美外，其有规律的轻重抑扬变化连同韵式的变化，⼀同构成了诗的节奏美。
英语格律诗分为诗节（stanza），诗节⼜分为诗⾏，每⼀诗⾏⼜分为⼏个⾳步（foot）。
⾳步是由⼀个重读⾳节和⼀个或数个⾮重读⾳节有规律地排列构成，常见的有抑扬格五⾳步，扬抑格四⾳步，抑扬格七⾳步以及扬抑抑格两⾳步、抑抑扬格三⾳步等。
⽆韵诗（blank verse）虽然不讲究押韵，但传统的⽆韵诗仍⼗分讲究节奏，⼀般是以抑扬格五⾳步为⼀⾏，如莎⼟⽐亚的诗剧。
⾄于当代诗⼈写的⼀些⽆韵⾃由诗（free verse）则完全不受韵式和⾳步的限制，完全听凭思想的⾃然流露和语⾔⾃然节奏的流动。
2）破格与变异 诗⼈是语⾔运⽤最⾃由的⼈。
格律对于那些优秀的诗⼈来说，好象并不构成多⼤限制，⽽是他实现意美、⾳美、形美的好助⼿。
诗⼈享有语⾔运⽤⽅⾯的⼀些特权（poetic license），即为了适应节奏格律的需要，诗⼈可以使⽤⼀些特殊的缩略形式（如tis=it is, o'er=over），以减少⾳节数；他还可以灵活调整词序、主谓倒置、动宾倒置及对修饰词与被修饰词进⾏换位。
第一讲：文学翻译：导论
文学文本的结构特点
❖ 1 中国古代文本结构论 ❖ 中国古代有过两种文本结构论：一种是“言象意”
论，另一种是“粗精”论。《周易•系辞上》中记载 有：“书不尽言，言不尽意。”和“圣人立象以尽意， 设卦以尽情伪，系辞焉以尽其言。”的观点，初步 涉及到文本的言、象、意三要素。庄子在《外物》 中提出了“得意忘言”的观点：“言者所以在意，得 意而忘言。”三国时的王弼在《周易略例》中将前 人的“言意”论做了进一步的扩展与阐发：“夫象者， 出意者也。言者，明象者也。尽意莫若象，尽象 莫若言。言出于象，故可寻言以观象；象先于意， 故可寻象已观意。意以象尽，象以言著。” 在王 弼看来，“言”、“象”、“意”构成了表情达意逐层深 入的层次结构。
❖ 在西方，“文学”（literature）一词是在十四 世纪从拉丁文litteratura和 litteralis引进的， 意思是“著作”或者“书本知识”，是与政治、历 史、哲学、伦理学、神学等一样的文化产品， 并无特殊的或专有的性质。直到十八世纪， 文学才从作为一般的文化产品中独立出来， 用以特指具有美的形式和能产生情感作用的 文学作品。
The Eagle （Alfred Tennyson ） ❖ He clasps the crag with crooked
hands; ❖ Close to the sun in lonely lands, ❖ Ringed with the azure world, he
stands. ❖ The wrinkled sea beneath him crawls; ❖ He watches from his mountain walls, ❖ And like a thunderbolt he falls.
课前准备：小学三年级语文翻译练习教案
课前准备：小学三年级语文翻译练习教案教学目标：1.能够掌握一些简单的翻译技巧2.能够掌握基本的翻译要领，理解所翻译的句子意思3.培养学生的翻译能力和阅读能力教学重点：翻译要领和技巧的讲解，阅读和翻译能力的培养。
教学难点：翻译句子的意思，语法和词汇的理解。
教学过程：一、导入老师宣布今天的学习内容是小学三年级语文翻译练习，让同学们预习一下今天的课程。
二、讲解翻译要领和技巧1.翻译要领（1）理解原语言的意思。
在将一段文字翻译成另一种语言的时候，首先要理解原语言的意思。
（2）注意语法。
在翻译的过程中，要注意语法上的正确性，尽可能的保证语法的规范。
（3）注意词性、词形、词序。
在翻译的过程中，要注意词性、词形、词序的正确性，以防造成理解上的偏差。
（4）掌握表达方式。
在翻译的过程中，要掌握表述方式，使翻译的语言更加优美、通顺。
2.翻译技巧（1）学会解读语境。
在翻译的时候，要根据上下文和语境来理解句子的含义。
（2）学会借助在线工具。
当遇到生词或不能理解的语句时，可以借助一些在线翻译工具来帮助自己。
（3）学会独立思考。
在翻译的过程中，需要独立思考，理解和掌握原文的含义。
三、阅读和翻译练习1.带着目的阅读在阅读之前，需要先明确自己想从这篇文章中学习什么，有哪些重要信息可以用于观点的支撑，从而帮助我们更好地理解文章。
2.逐句翻译在阅读之后，需要将自己所读的文章逐句翻译，这样可以让自己更好地理解文章中的意思。
3.多角度解读如果同学们在翻译的过程中遇到一些不确定的内容，可以从不同的角度来进行解读，从而得到准确的意思。
四、总结在今天的课程中，我们主要学习了小学三年级语文翻译练习。
通过讲解翻译要领和技巧，带领同学们进行了阅读和翻译练习，让同学们能够更好地掌握翻译技巧，并培养学生的翻译能力和阅读能力。
在以后的学习中，我们需要保持学习的热情，多动脑筋，不断提升自己的阅读和翻译能力。
【VIP专享】文学翻译 第一次作业
1Mr Wu Mi is like nothing on earth: once seen, never forgotten. There are some people one has to be introduced to a hundred times, and on the hundredth and one time one has to be introduced again. Their faces are so ordinary; no mannerisms, no “anything”, just plain Jack, Tom and Harry. But Mr Wu’s face is worth a fortune: it is peculiar to the point of caricature. A head shaped like a bomb, and just as suggestively explosive, gaunt wan in color, with hair threatening to break out all over the face, but always kept well within bounds by a clean shave every morning, rugged, with very prominent cheek-bones and sunken cheeks, and eyes which stare at one like glowing coals --- all this set on a neck too long by half, and a thin body, as strong and as little elastic as rod of steel.吴宓先生可谓当今世上独一无二：你见过一面，就永世难忘。
资料：1. 文学翻译英汉一
英汉文学翻译（一）On the Difference Between Wit and HumorBy Charles S. BrooksI am not sure that I can draw an exact line between wit and humor. Perhaps the distinction is so subtle that only those persons can decide who have long white beards. But even an ignorant man, so long as he is clear of Bedlam（混论）, may have an opinion.I am quite positive that of the two(指机智与幽默), humor is the more comfortable and more livable quality. Humorous persons, if their gift is genuine and not a mere shine upon the surface, are always agreeable companions and they sit through the evening best. They have pleasant mouths turned up at the corners（比喻他们能把艰涩的话说明白）. To these corners the great Master of marionettes has fixed the strings and he holds them in his nimblest fingers to twitch them at the slightest jest（把幽默者比喻成“the great Master of marionettes ”,“he holds them in his nimblest fingers to twitch them”比喻幽默者运用他精彩绝伦的语言表达艺术把话形象生动地说出来）. But the mouth of a merely witty man is hard and sour（话语艰涩）until the moment of its discharge. Nor is the flash（比喻头脑中一闪而过的灵光）from a witty man always comforting, whereas a humorous man radiates a general pleasure（夸张比喻油然而生的满足感）and is like another candle in the room.I admire wit, but I have no real liking for it. It has been too often employed against me, whereas humor is always an ally. It never points an impertinent（粗鲁的；）finger into my defects. Humorous persons do not sit like explosives on a fuse（比喻像熔炉里的炸药）. They are safe and easy comrades. But a wit's tongue is as sharp as a donkey driver's stick. I may gallop（疾驰）the faster for its prodding（刺激）, yet the touch behind is too persuasive for any comfort.Wit is a lean creature with sharp inquiring nose（夸张比喻，带有灵敏嗅觉的精简结构）, whereas humor has a kindly eye and comfortable girth（夸张比喻幽默有温柔的眼睛和舒适的周长）. Wit, if it be necessary, uses malice（恶意）to score a point--like a cat it is quick to jump--but humor keeps the peace in an easy chair. Wit has a better voice in a solo, but humor comes into the chorus best. Wit is as sharp as a stroke of lightning, whereas humor is diffuse（弥漫）like sunlight. Wit keeps the season's fashions and is precise in the phrases and judgments of the day, but humor is concerned with homely eternal things. Wit wears silk, but humor in homespun endures the wind. Wit sets a snare（陷阱）, whereas humor goes off （突发（声音））whistling without a victim in its mind. Wit is sharper company at table, but humor serves better in mischance and in the rain. When it tumbles, wit is sour, but humor goes uncomplaining without its dinner. Humor laughs at another's jest and holds its sides, while wit sits wrapped in study for a lively answer. But it（要弄明这个代词指的是什么，其实就是a workaday world）is a workaday world in which we live, where we get mud upon our boots and come weary to the twilight（比喻我们在生活里遇到不如意的时候）--it is a world that grieves and suffers from many wounds in these years of war: and therefore as I think of my acquaintance, it is those who are humorous in its best and truest meaning rather than those who are witty who give the more profitable companionship.And then, also, there is wit that is not wit. As someone has written:Nor ever noise for wit on me could pass,When thro' the braying I discern'd the ass.（这个举例只能按字面翻译，大概作者就是想说有种机智不是机智的现象）I sat lately at dinner with a notoriously witty person (a really witty man) whom our hostess had introduced to provide the entertainment. I had read many of his reviews of books and plays, and while I confess their wit and brilliancy, I had thought them to be hard and intellectual and lacking in all that broader base of humor which aims at truth. His writing--catching the bad habit of the time--is too ready to proclaim a paradox and to assert the unusual, to throw aside in contempt the valuable haystack（干草堆）in a fine search for a paltry（无价值的）needle. His reviews are seldom right--as most of us see the right--but they sparkle and hold one's interest for their perversity（邪恶）and unexpected turns.In conversation I found him much as I had found him in his writing--although, strictly speaking, it was not a conversation, which requires an interchange of word and idea and is turn about. A conversation should not be a market where one sells and another buys. Rather, it should be a bargaining back and forth, and each person should be both merchant and buyer. My rubber plant for your victrola(手摇留声机), each offering what he has and seeking his deficiency. It was my friend B--- who fairly（简直）put the case（假设）when he said that he liked so much to talk that he was willing to pay for his audience by listening in his turn.But this was a speech and a lecture. He loosed on us（loose something on/upon someone/something）from the cold spigot（水龙头）of his intellect a steady flow of literary（文学的） allusion（比喻）--a practice which he professes（公开）to hold in scorn--and wit and epigram（警句）. He seemed torn from the page of Meredith（像从梅雷迪斯这本书里面走出来的人物一样）. He talked like ink. I had believed before that only people in books could talk as he did, and then only when their author had blotted and scratched their performance for a seventh time before he sent it to the printer. To me it was an entirely new experience, for my usual acquaintances are good common honest daytime woollen folk（毛原民风斗篷）[132] and they seldom average better than one bright thing in an evening.At first I feared that there might be a break in his flow of speech which I should be obliged to fill. Once, when there was a slight pause--a truffle（松露）was engaging him--I launched a frail remark; but it was swept off at once in the renewed torrent. And seriously it does not seem fair. If one speaker insists--to change the figure--on laying all the cobbles of a conversation, he should at least allow another to carry the tar pot and fill in the chinks（裂缝）. When the evening was over, although I recalled two or three clever stories, which I shall botch in the telling, I came away tired and dissatisfied, my tongue dry with disuse.Now I would not seek that kind of man as a companion with whom to be becalmed in a sailboat, and I would not wish to go to the country with him, least of all to the North Woods or any place outside of civilization. I am sure that he would sulk（生气愠怒）if he were deprived of an audience. He would be crotchety（想入非非的）at breakfast across his bacon. Certainly for the woods a humorous man is better company, for his humor in mischance comforts both him and you.A humorous man--and here lies the heart of the matter--a humorous man has the high gift of regarding an annoyance in the very stroke of it as another man shall regard it when the annoyance is long past. If a humorous person falls out of a canoe he knows the exquisite jest while his head is still bobbing in the cold water. A witty man, on the contrary, is sour until he is changed and dry: but in a week's time when company is about, he will make a comic story of it.My friend A--- with whom I went once into the Canadian woods has genuine humor, and no one can be a more satisfactory comrade. I do not recall that he said many comic things, and at bottom he was serious as the best humorists are. But in him there was a kind of joy and exaltation thatlasted throughout the day. If the duffle（露营装备）were piled too high and fell about his ears, if the dinner was burned or the tent blew down in a driving storm at night, he met these mishaps as though they were the very things（想要的）he had come north to get, as though without them the trip would have lacked its spice. This is an easy philosophy in retrospect but hard when the wet canvas falls across you and the rain beats in. A--- laughed at the very moment of disaster as another man will laugh later in an easy chair. I see him now swinging his axe for firewood to dry ourselves when we were spilled in a rapids; and again, while pitching our tent on a sandy beach when another storm had drowned us. And there is a certain cry of his (dully, Wow! on paper) expressive to the initiated of all things gay, which could never issue from the mouth of a merely witty man.Real humor is primarily human--or divine, to be exact--and after that the fun may follow naturally in its order. Not long ago I saw Louis Jouvet(查不到权威翻译，只能自己音译) of the French Company play Sir Andrew Ague-Cheek. It was a most humorous performance of the part, and the reason is that the actor made no primary effort to be funny. It was the humanity of his playing, making his audience love him first of all, that provoked the comedy. His long thin legs were comical and so was his drawling talk, but the very heart and essence was this love he started in his audience. Poor fellow! How delightfully he smoothed the feathers in his hat! How he feared to fight the duel! It was easy to love such a dear silly human fellow. A merely witty player might have drawn as many laughs, but there would not have been the catching at the heart.As for books and the wit or humor of their pages, it appears that wit fades, whereas humor lasts. Humor uses permanent nutgalls. But is there anything more melancholy than the wit of another generation? In the first place, this wit is intertwined with forgotten circumstance. It hangs on a fashion（风尚犹存）--on the style of a coat. It arose from a forgotten bit of gossip. In the play of words the sources of the pun are lost. It is like a local jest in a narrow coterie（小圈子）, barren to an outsider. Sydney Smith was the most celebrated wit of his day, but he is dull reading now. Blackwood's at its first issue was a witty daring sheet, but for us the pages are stagnant. I suppose that no one now laughs at the witticisms of Thomas Hood. Where are the wits of yesteryear? Yet the humor of Falstaff and Lamb and Fielding remains and is a reminder to us that humor, to be real, must be founded on humanity and on truth."On the Difference Between Wit and Humor" by Charles S. Brooks first appeared in the collection Chimney-Pot Papers published in 1919 by Yale University Press.词汇表：（一）人名地名FalstaffLambFieldingthe North WoodsLouis JouvetCharles S. Brooks（二）生僻词Bedlam（混论）impertinent（粗鲁的）coterie（小圈子）paltry（无价值的）spigot（水龙头）woollen folk（毛原民风斗篷）perversity（邪恶）（三）心理情感类crotchety（想入非非的）sulk（生气愠怒）（四）名词Marionette（牵线木偶）Nimble (敏捷的)Engaging（迷人的）翻译技巧：整篇文章主要翻译难题是句子的比喻意义很难说明白，只能联系上下文自己琢磨。
翻译学文学文本的翻译(1)教学提纲
翻译学文学文本的翻译(1)
▪ Long before the year was up, Janie noticed that her husband has stopped talking in rhymes to her. Her has ceased to wonder at her long black hair and finger it. Six months back he had told her, “If Ah kin haul de wood heah and chop it fuh yuh, look lak you oughta be able tuh tote it inside./Mah fust wife never bothered me ‘bout choppin’ no wood nohow. She’d grab dat ax and sling chips lak uh man. You done been spoilt rotten.”
▪ A kidney oozed bloodgouts on the willowpatterned ▪ dish : the last . He stood by the nextdoor girl at the ▪ counter. Would she buy it too , calling the items ▪ from a slip in her hand. Chapped : washing soda. ▪ And a pound and a half of Dennyps sausages. His ▪ eyes rested on her vigorous hips. Woods his name ▪ is. Wonder what he does. Wife is oldish. New ▪ blood. No followers allowed. (Joyce 1996 : 70)
文学翻译unit 1《概论》
Literary Translation陈水平helen.csp@Lecture One1.Definition of TranslationBy translation here I specrifically mean translating, the process of translation, in which something is translated, instead of the work translated.翻译是将一种文字之真义全部移至另一种文字而绝不失其风格的神韵。
（吴献书，1949）翻译是用一种语言把另一种语言所表达的思维内容准确而完整地重新表达出来的语言活动。
（张培基，1980）翻译的实质是语际的意义转换。
（刘宓庆，1990）翻译是将一种语言文字所蕴含的意思用另一种语言文字表达出来的文化活动。
（王克非，1997）翻译是语际之间的信息传递和语族之间的文化交流。
（萧立明，2001）A good translation is one which the merit of the original work is socompletely transfused into another language as to be as distinctly apprehended and as strongly felt by a native of the country to which that language belongs as it is by those who speak the language of the original work. 好的翻译应该是把原作的长处完全地移注到另一种语言，以使译人语所属国家的本地人能明白地领悟、强烈地感受，如同使用原作语言的人所领悟、所感受的一样。
（泰特勒，1790）翻译就是用一种语言把另一种语言在内容与形式不可分割的统一中所业已表达出来的东西准确而完全地表达出来。
文学翻译(1,2)
文学翻译（1、2）课程介绍
课程代码 63126010
课程名称：文学翻译（1、2）
学分：4 修读期：7学期，周2学时, 计32学时。
8学期，周2学时,计32学时。
授课对象：三、四年级
课程类别：主修专业主干课
课程主任：任怀平、教授、学士
课程简介：
本课程系统介绍诗歌、小说、散文、戏剧等四大文学体裁的语言特点，分析不同体裁的风格特点，从意义和风格两个方面比较不同译文对同一原文的转换效果。
注重根据上下文对文本进行意义和修辞分析，培养学生文学赏析能力，巩固强化基本的翻译转换的技巧和方法。
本课程的主要内容包括：主要文学翻译理论流派，翻译过程中牵涉到的主要因素，文学翻译的过程，文本分析，翻译的方法，翻译的技巧，文化与翻译，文体与翻译等等。
课程考核：
笔试
指定教材：
自编.
参考书目：
1.《文学翻译原理》. 张今.河南大学出版社，1987.
2.《实用翻译教程》. 冯庆华.上海：上海外语教育出版社，1997.
3.《汉英翻译指导》. 陆钰明.上海远东出版社，1995.
4.《英汉差异及翻译》. 陆乃圣.华东化工学院出版社，199
5.
5.《文体与翻译》. 刘宓庆.中国对外翻译出版公司，1998.
6.《文体翻译论》. 冯庆华. 上海外语教育出版社，2001.。
文学翻译入门讲义
I. Aesthetic Progression in Literary TranslationTraditional approaches tend to view translation as an activity concerning only interlingual transfer, and there are only three requirements for translators to perform their job successfully: a) familiarity with the source language, b) familiarity with the target language, and c) familiarity with the subject matter.With the deepening of translation studies, however, such statements hold little water. In literary translation practice, the change of one language into another is only the surface work, while the transfer of artistic images ranks first in the translator’s job. Therefore, the aesthetic value of the source language should be given priority to, and the process of literary translation should be regarded as aesthetic progression between two different languages and cultures achieved through the translator’s actualization of the original image.1.Aesthetic Progression and Image-ActualizationThe possession of aesthetic qualities is a necessary condition of the literary text. But these qualities are not given as ready-made or finally formed realities, but as possibilities or inherent images for realization, waiting to be actualized in the interaction with the translatorExample:In her eagerness she rose and supported herself on the arm of the chair. At that earnest appeal he turned to her, looking absolutely desperate. His eyes, wide and wet, at last flashed fiercely on her; his breast heaved convulsively. An instant they held asunder, and then how they met I hardly saw, but Catherine made a spring, and he caught her, and they were locked in an embrace from which I thought my mistress would never be released alive: in fact, to my eyes, she seemed directly insensible. He flung himself into the nearest seat, and on my approaching hurriedly to ascertain if she had fainted, he gnashed at me, and foamed like a mad dog, and gathered her to him with greedy jealousy. I did not feel as if I were in the company of a creature of my own species: it appeared that he would not understand, though I spoke to him; so I stood off, and held my tongue, in great perplexity. (Emily Bronte: Wuthering Heights, Chapter XV)她异常激动地站起身来，身子靠着椅子的扶手。
文学翻译课程预习2
文学翻译课程预习2Ⅰ. 认真阅读下列句子，试图将它们译成顺畅的汉语，特别注意句中作评注性状语的-ly副词的处理。
1．Both Cherie and Blair unsuccessfully sought a Labour Party nomination for Parliament in 1981; 1981年，查理和布莱尔都试图获得工党的国会提名，不过最终却未能成功。
2. Yet it is painfully apparent that millions of Americans who would never think themselves as lawbreakers, let alone criminals, are taking increasing liberties with the legal codes that are designed to protect and nourish their society.很明显数以百万的美国人越来越随意对待那些旨在保护和繁荣社会的法律法规，而且从来不会认为自己这样做违反了法律，更不用说犯罪，这种现象真让人痛心。
3. Although largely successful while used to study the properties of inanimate objects and plants, the traditional approach to doing science is arguably less appropriate for use with human beings.传统科学实验方法尽管在研究各种无生命的物体和植物上大部分都成功了，不过要研究人类的话，这些方法却不是那么适用了，这已经得到了证明。
4. This is a thought-provokingly different explanation．这个解释与众不同，发人深思。
Section A课前预习1英汉互课了解水课重点超语1初级中
Section A课前预习1英汉互课了解水课重点超语1初级中Drinking water health and Amway "benefit source" water purifier.Good evening,everyone!As we all know, water is closely related to the lifeand life of each of us. None of us can live withoutwater.Water accounts for 50 - 60% of the weight of our healthy adults, with a minimum of 2.5 litres of water per day, and 5 -8 litres of water per summer. The main component of human tissue is water. It needs water to participate in the metabolism of the human body. It also needs water to transport nutrients in the body. It also regulates the temperature of the human body and needs water. So water is too important for all of us. In 1993, the WHOin March 22nd each year as "world water day”. Our ancestors also regard water as the source of life, pointed out:hunger breeds discontentment, fresh water first; not drug Sibu, Sibu as water drops; 100 king, fresh water for 100 days. So how important is the function of water?.Modern medical research shows that the human body needs a lot of minerals and trace elements, some of which are supplemented by food and some must be obtained from the water. Selenium, such as selenium, can only be obtainedfrom water. Selenium has the elements of longevity andhealth. It is the king of cancer and the protection of the heart.。
文学翻译课程预习1
文学翻译课程预习1Ⅰ. 下面列出的10个英语句子，其汉译都多少带有翻译症（Translationese，该词为美国著名翻译理论家尤金?奈达所杜撰，用以指称翻译表达上文笔拙劣、不自然、不流畅、生硬晦涩、令人费解，甚至让人不知所云的现象）。
请设法将其改译成比较顺畅自然，符合译入语（汉语）表达习惯的句子。
1. The report noted proposals that eating less fat and more food with whole grains and other fibers can protect against cancer.在这份报告中，有人建议少吃脂肪、多吃全粮食品和其他纤维食品，这样能够预防癌症。
2. The fierce light of the burning house lighted Kino?s face strongly.房子燃起了熊熊大火，把奇诺的脸照的通红。
3. When I told him what I had just done and why, his weathered face slowly changed, …我把我刚才做的事情告诉他并做了解释，他那双饱经风霜的脸开始慢慢舒展开，露出笑容4. Our son must go to school. He must break out of the pot that holds us in.我们的儿子一定要去上学，他不能像我们这样一辈子做井底之蛙。
5. Their legs moved a little jerkily, like well-made wooden dolls, and they carried pillars of blackfear about them.他们像做工精致的木偶一样微微颤抖的向前移动着，浑身带着一股阴沉的杀气。
6. …I might have hoped to be useful to their families in some way or other. But a farmer can need none of my help, and is therefore in no sense as much above my notice as in every other (sense) he is below it (my notice).我本希望可以给他们家帮上点忙。
文学翻译技巧(一)
文学翻译技巧(一)
文学翻译技巧
充分理解原文
•仔细阅读原文，理解作者的用词、结构和篇章逻辑。
•注意把握原文的文化背景和特色。
选用合适的词汇和表达方式
•根据原文的语境和语气，选择恰当的翻译词汇和表达方式。
•避免过度使用直译，更多地关注表达意思的准确性和流畅度。
保留原文的风格和特色
•尽量保留原文的文体和特色，比如保持某些特定的修辞手法或文化元素。
•尽量避免将原文的隐喻、比喻或其他修辞手法过度解释或者直接转换。
确保翻译的准确性和一致性
•务必理解并传达原文的准确意思，避免意思的丢失或者歪曲。
•在整篇翻译文章中保持一致的词汇和表达，使读者能够理解并跟随翻译的内容。
注意文化差异和可读性
•对于文化差异的内容，适当添加注释或解释，帮助读者更好地理解。
•确保翻译的文章在目标语言中有良好的可读性，使读者能够顺畅阅读并理解原文的意思。
反复校对和修正
•在完成初稿后，反复校对翻译的内容，检查语法、拼写和表达是否准确。
•根据初稿的反馈，对翻译进行修正和改进，确保最终翻译的质量和准确性。
阅读经典翻译作品并学习借鉴
•阅读经典的文学翻译作品，学习其中的翻译技巧和经验。
•参考其他资深翻译人员的翻译方法和策略，不断提升自己的翻译水平。
以上是一些常见的文学翻译技巧，希望能够对创作者在进行文学翻译时有所帮助。
通过充分理解原文，选用合适的词汇和表达方式，保留原文的风格和特色，确保翻译的准确性和一致性，注意文化差异和可读性，反复校对和修正，以及学习借鉴他人的经验，能够更好地完成文学翻译的任务。
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Ⅰ. 下面列出的10个英语句子，其汉译都多少带有翻译症（Translationese，该词为美国著名翻译理论家尤金•奈达所杜撰，用以指称翻译表达上文笔拙劣、不自然、不流畅、生硬晦涩、令人费解，甚至让人不知所云的现象）。
请设法将其改译成比较顺畅自然，符合译入语（汉语）表达习惯的句子。
1. The report noted proposals that eating less fat and more food with whole grains and other fibers can protect against cancer.在这份报告中，有人建议少吃脂肪、多吃全粮食品和其他纤维食品，这样能够预防癌症。
2. The fierce light of the burning house lighted Kino‟s face strongly.房子燃起了熊熊大火，把奇诺的脸照的通红。
3. When I told him what I had just done and why, his weathered face slowly changed, …我把我刚才做的事情告诉他并做了解释，他那双饱经风霜的脸开始慢慢舒展开，露出笑容4. Our son must go to school. He must break out of the pot that holds us in.我们的儿子一定要去上学，他不能像我们这样一辈子做井底之蛙。
5. Their legs moved a little jerkily, like well-made wooden dolls, and they carried pillars of blackfear about them.他们像做工精致的木偶一样微微颤抖的向前移动着，浑身带着一股阴沉的杀气。
6. …I might have hoped to be useful to their families in some way or other. But a farmer can need none of my help, and is therefore in no sense as much above my notice as in every other (sense) he is below it (my notice).我本希望可以给他们家帮上点忙。
不过，这样一个农民可能不需要我的帮助：一方面他不需要我的关心，另一方面他也不值得我关心。
7.Many of his ideas are especially interesting to modern youth.现代年轻人对他的很多思想都非常感兴趣。
8. But the gaiety does not ring true and anybody who has just one drink too many is apt to lapse into lachrymose melancholy.但是这种欢乐并非是真实的，任何人只要多喝一杯，就会很容易重新郁郁寡欢。
9. Consequently Mr. Micawber was soon so overcome, that he mingled his tears with hers and mine.结果不到一会儿，米考伯先生也被打动了，也跟着我和她一起哭了起来。
10. Your carpet with its hideous pattern was designed to do one thing only: disguise dirt. Would you not be prouder with a clean simple color?你地毯上那丑陋的图案只有一个效果：遮盖“肮脏”。
一块干净而又色彩简单的地毯不是更能令你自豪吗？11. After a while I stopped trying to discover the sender‟s identity and just delighted in the beautyand heady perfume of that one magical, perfect white flower nestled in soft pink tissue paper.(Marsha Arons: Mystery of the Gardenia) 之后我不再纠结是谁送的花了，而是尽情欣赏着哪所由粉红色纸包裹着的纯白花朵，欣赏着她的美丽，陶醉于她的迷人香气。
12. Is it just nostalgia? For those of us old enough to have been brought up in a largely literary age,where child escapism existed mainly on the page, Potter might be seen as a return to Narnia and Dolittle and Streatfield.只是怀旧吗？对于我们当中年纪够大，从小就耳濡目染文学的人来说，儿时的幻想主要来源于在书本。
对我们来说，波特也许是又一个拿尼亚（英国作家C.S. Lewis的小说《狮王、女巫与衣橱》里的动物王国）、杜立德（英国作家Hugh Lofting的小说《杜立德医生的故事》里的人物）或斯特雷斯菲尔德（英国儿童作家）。
Ⅱ. 以下每个（组）英文句子的相应汉语译文均有跟上下文语境不吻合，从而偏离原句本意的地方，请认真阅读原句和群共享里所提供的原文（甚至原译文），将有谬误之处找出并设法予以纠正。
(1) Add love to a house and you have a home. Add righteousness to a city and you have a community. Add truth to a pile of red brick and you have a school. Add religion to the humblest of edifices and you have a sanctuary. Add justice to the far-flung round of human endeavor and you have civilization. Put them all together, exalt them above their present imperfections, add to them the vision of humankind redeemed, forever free of need and strife and you have a future lighted with the radiant color of hope.（人大版《研究生英语精读教程》（上册）Unit 6 Two Truths to Live by）一座房子，只要拥有爱，就能称得上是个家；一座城市，只要拥有正义，就能称得上是社区；一堵红砖，只要拥有真理，就能称得上是学校。
再简陋的建筑，只要拥有了宗教，就能称得上是教堂。
在漫长的奋斗旅途中，只要胸怀正义，就能称得上文明。
即使拥有了这些，你也要努力突破它们各自的局限，不断加以改进，并且你还要抱着人类终将会得到救赎的憧憬，不被尘世中的欲望和纠纷所束缚，做到了这些，你的未来将会是灿烂光彩，充满希望。
一所房屋加上爱心，你就有了一个家；一个城市加上正直守法，你就有了一个社区。
在一堆红砖上加上真理，你就有了一所学校；哪怕是最卑微简陋的建筑，只要有宗教，你就有了一座圣殿；把公正加在长期的人生努力奋斗中，你就有了文明教养。
把这一切都聚合起来加以提高，使之超越现存的缺点，还要有人类得到拯救的憧憬，永远无求无争，那么你将会有一个闪耀着希望的绚丽光彩的未来。
(教参译文)(2) Lessing, speaking of Greek sculpture, said，“Beautiful men made beautiful statues and the city had beautiful statues in part to thank for beautiful citizens.”（人大版《研究生英语精读教程》（下册）Unit 9 Is Rock Music Rotting Our Kids’Mind?）谈到希腊雕刻时，莱辛说道：“英雄人物的雕塑由美丽的人制造，城市之所以有英雄人物雕塑，部分原因是它有英雄式的公民。
”（教参译文）(3) Now we have the appalling spectacle of City brokers and merchants block-booking seats in cinemas for their staff outings. God save us.（工大版《研究生英语精读教程》（上册）Unit 1 Harry Potter and the Sad Grown-ups）现在却出现了花旗银行经纪人和商业银行家们为员工活动成批预订影院座位的这样不可思议的场景，天啊！(教参译文)(4) Though, a piece of fantasy has shocked me out of the state of concentrating merely on present mindlessly, and made me begin to pay some attention to the distant future.（工大版《研究生英语精读教程》（上册）Unit 4 Tomorrow's Hot Long Summer）然而，偶尔的一点点幻想令我惊愕不已，从只漫不经心的关注现在的思维中走出来，开始更多的关注人类未来。
（5）Time goes fast for one who has a sense of beauty, when there are pretty children in a pool and a young Diana on the edge, to receive with wonder anything you can catch. （节选自英国作家高尔斯华绥（Hohn Galsworthy）的中篇小说《苹果树》The Apple Tree by)对一个懂得欣赏、能以好奇心接受你能够得着的任何东西的人来说，时间总是过得很快，尤其是当你和活泼可爱的孩子站在水池中央，旁边还有一位年轻貌美的的姑娘，时间就过得更快了。