高考英语动词的时态和语态讲解

be All the employees except the manager are encouraged to work online at home.
eir （3） 在文章标题、广告、新闻中。如：
th Girls wanted.招女工。
in Millions of pounds worth of damage has been caused by a storm which swept across the north of England
e 注意：将来时常见表达形式：will/ shall do; be going to do; be to do; be about to do （此形式不能与时间状语连 th 用） s in 现在进行时表示：1.此时此刻正在发生的动作 eg: I’m studying English now.
g 2.现阶段正在发生的动作 eg: We are building our socialism. in 3.情况的暂时性 eg: I don’t really work here. I am just helping until the secretary arrives. th 4.与 always, forever, constantly, continually 连用，表示参上或厌恶等感情色彩，但并非强调 ll 动作正在进行 eg: He is always helping others. She is always forgetting something. A 5.按计划、安排近期发生的动作（只限于 come, go, leave, arrive, start, move, sail, fly, travel, d stay 等动词）eg: A foreigner is coming to visit our school. I’m leaving for Beijing tomorrow. n 注意：不宜用进行时的动作： 感觉类： look, smell, feel, sound, taste, see, hear 情感类：like, love, prefer, a admire, hate, fear 心态类：wish, hope, expect, want, need, believe, thin, understand, agree, know, remember, forget e 所有类：have, contain, won, hold, belong to a tim 过去进行时表示：1.过去某一时刻或阶段发生的动作 eg: He was watching TV this time yesterday. t 2.与 always, forever, constantly, continually 连用，表示赞赏或亚无等感情色彩 eg: Comrade a Lei Feng was always thinking of others never thinking of himself. g 3.过去计划、安排好的将来动作（只限于 come, go, leave, arrive, start, move, sail, fly, travel, in stay 等动词）eg: He said he was leaving the next day. I was told the train was starting soon. nly one th 注意：过去进行时可用来描绘故事发生的背景，如：The wind was blowing and it was raining hard.
g 2.过去某时的状态或动作 eg: I went to the bank just now. re 3.用于 I didn’t know… 或 I forgot…，表示实现不知道或不记得，但现在已经知道或记得的事 a 情。eg: I didn’t know you were here. Sorry, I forgot to bring my book.
nly one th Bad habits have been done away with.
坏习惯已经改掉了。 （2） 含有情态动词的句子的被动语态结构是：情态动词 + be + 动词的过去分词。如：
过去将来时表示：1.过去某一时刻后将要发生的过去动作或过去的意图、打算（主要用于宾语从句中）eg: She was sure she would succeed. I thought you would come.
注意：把一般将来时中的助动词变成过去式，便成了过去将来时的表达形式
现在完成时表示：1.现在已完成或刚刚完成且对现在有影响的动作 eg: I have finished my homework. 2.表示始于过去持续至今的动作或状态 eg: He’s lived here since 2005. I’ve taught English for
过去完成时表示：1.过去某时间前已发生的动作或情况 eg: Marx had learned some English before he came to London.
2.过去某动作前已发生的另一动作 eg: The train had left when I got to the station. 3.始于过去持续至过去灵异事件，也许仍将延续下来的动作 eg: He said he had been in the Party for 10 years. 4.过去未曾实现的意图、打算或希望（只限于 think, want, plan, mean, intend, hope, expect, suppose, wish, want 等动词）eg: I had planned to see you yesterday, but the rain prevented me. 注意：过去完成时必须以过去某一时间为基点，即“过去的过去”。因此只有在和过去某时或某动作相比较 时才用到它。 Before，after 本身“前”“后”明显，因此可用一般过去时代替过去完成时。如 “He (had) left before I arrived”
being done would/ should have been done would/ should have been being
done
fo （1） 不知道谁是动作的执行者或没有必要指明谁是动作的执行者。如：
od ——George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to their wedding?
过去 was/ were done
将来 will/ shall/ be
过去将来 would/ should be
and Suf 进行
is/am/are being done
ing 完成
have/ has been done
meth 完成进行
have/ has been being done
r so 2. 被动语态的用法
15 years. 3.到目前为止的一段时间内，多少次或第几次做某事 eg: He’s been to Beijing several times.
It’s the third time that I’ve seen the film. 4.将来某时将要做完的动作（仅限于时间和条件状语从句）eg: Don’t get off the bus until it
go ——No, I had not been invited. Did they have a big wedding?
易错知识总结 re ——The window is dirty.
g a ——I know. It has not been cleaned for weeks. in （2） 需要强调或突出动作的承受者或时间本身。如：
注意：表示过去经常发生的动作，也可以用 “used to do…” 和 “ would do”
eing 一般将来时表示：1.现在看来以后要发生的动作或存在的状态 eg: Tom will come next week. b 2.事物的固有属性或必然趋势 eg: Oil will float in water. Fish will die without water. ir 3.对将来某个动作的安排、计划 eg: He is going to speak on TV this evening.
5.介绍故事剧情、新闻标题 eg: Workers face tough times abroad.
om 6.按时刻表或按规定计划、安排将要放生的动作（常见动词如：come, go, leave, arrive, begin, s start, takeoff, return, stop, open, close 等）eg: The train leaves at 4:30 p.m. r 注意：here, there, now, then 等开头的倒装句要用一般现在时代替现在进行时。如： Look! Here comes the fo bus. ood 一般过去时表示:1.过去经常性、习惯性的动作或状态 eg: He often cried when he was a boy.
nd 3. 注意短语动词和含有情态动词的被动语态
e a （1） 在被动结构中，切不可丢掉动词后面的介词或副词。 如：
tim That old man was often laughed at.
a 那位老人常被人嘲笑。
at The plan will be given up.
ing 那个计划将要被放弃了。
d Suf 时态语态 n （一）时态 a 一般现在时表示:1.现在的经常性、习惯性动作 eg: I read English every morning.
ing 2.客观真理、普遍公立、科学事实 eg: The sun rises in the east. th 3.现有的兴趣、爱好或能力 eg: He likes playing football. e 4.现存的性质、特征或状态 eg: The situation is encouraging.