论读书 六版翻译
培根的论读书译文王佐良
培根的论读书译文王佐良
以下是王佐良翻译的《论读书》的部分译文：
读书足以怡情，足以博采，足以长才。
其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其博采也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。
读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，伦理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辩：凡有所学，皆成性格。
读书时不可存心诘难作者，不可尽信书上所言，亦不可只为寻章摘句，而应推敲细思。
书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则须咀嚼消化。
换言之，有只须读取部分者，有只须大体涉猎者，少数则须全读，读时须全神贯注，孜孜不倦。
书亦可请人代读，取其所作摘要，但只限题材较次或价值不高者，否则书经提炼犹如水经蒸馏，淡而无味矣。
读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人准确。
因此不常作笔记者须记忆特强，不常讨论者须天生聪颖，不常读书者须欺世有术，始能无知而显有知。
读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，伦理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辩：凡有所学，皆成性格。
人之才智但有滞碍，无不可读适当之书使之顺畅，一如身体百病，皆可借相宜之运动除之。
培根的论读书及翻译
关于翻译，严复先生提出了“信达雅”的三个简单而又难以实现的标准。
已故北京外国语大学王佐良教授对培根（Francis Bacon）的名篇Of Study 的翻译，实现了与原文在“形”和“神”上的传递。
培根（1561-1626）所处时代与中国当时的明朝（1368-1644）对应，英语应该是“文言”的英语，王佐良先生的翻译，采用半文言的形式，可谓对“信达雅”标准的最佳逼近！特转载于此！Of studyby Francis BaconSTUDIES serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment, and disposition of business. For expert men can exe-cute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs, come best, from those that are learned. To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgment wholly by their rules, is the humor of a scholar. They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need proyning, by study; and studies themselves, do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience. Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won by observation. Read not to contradict and confute; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy, and extracts made of them bothers; but that would be only in the less important arguments, and the meaner sort of books, else distilled books are like common distilled waters, flashy things.Reading make a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. And therefore, if a man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit: and if he read little, he had need have much cunning, to seem to know, that he doth not. Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtitle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. Abeunt studia in mores. Nay, there is no stand or impediment in the wit, but may be wrought out by fit studies; like as diseases of the body, may have appropriate exercises. Bowling is good for the stone and reins; shooting for the lungs and breast; gentle walking for the stomach; riding for the head; and the like. So if a man's wit be wandering, let him study the mathematics; for in demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little, he must begin again. If his wit be not apt to distinguish or find differences, let him study the Schoolmen; for they are cymini sectors. If he be not apt to beat over matters, and to call up one thing to prove and illustrate another, let him study the lawyers' cases. So every defect of the mind, may have a special receipt.论读书王佐良读书足以怡情，足以博彩，足以长才。
论读书王佐良译文翻译及原文
论读书王佐良译文翻译及原文
【最新版】
目录
1.论读书的重要性
2.王佐良译文的特点
3.原文翻译的优点
4.对比王佐良译文与原文的差异
5.总结论读书的观点
正文
读书对于人类的重要性是不言而喻的。
阅读不仅可以拓宽我们的视野，丰富我们的知识，还可以提升我们的思维能力和审美品位。
在这方面，王佐良的译文为我们提供了一个很好的阅读体验。
王佐良的译文以其流畅、准确和生动的文字，为我们展现了原文的韵味和深意。
他不仅准确理解了原文的含义，还将其巧妙地转化成了中文，使得读者在阅读的过程中既能理解原文的含义，又能感受到中文的美。
原文的翻译也有其优点。
它保留了原文的语言风格和表达方式，使得读者能够更直观地了解到原文的文化背景和历史背景。
同时，原文翻译也提供了另一种阅读体验，让读者在阅读中能够体验到两种语言的差异和魅力。
对比王佐良的译文和原文，我们可以发现两者之间的差异。
译文在语言表达上更加流畅，更符合中文的表达习惯，而原文则在语言风格和文化背景上更具有独特性。
这两种方式都有其优点，为我们提供了不同的阅读体验。
总的来说，论读书的观点在王佐良的译文中得到了很好的体现。
阅读不仅能够拓宽我们的视野，丰富我们的知识，还能够提升我们的思维能力
和审美品位。
论读书翻译
In what sense does reading make a full man?From my perspective, a full man should have a positive world view and adopt an active philosophy of life, which are usually based on a balanced knowledge structure. Those are what reading can help us to obtain.Francis Bacon says “Histories make men wise, poets, witty; the mathematics, subtle; natural philosophy, deep; moral, grave; logic and rhetoric, able to contend.”Indeed, reading books of various fields contributes to perfect our knowledge structure and form critical thinking. Take history for example, it is like a mirror that reflects what is right and what is wrong. By looking into it, we can learn painful lessons of past events or gain precious experience to deal with present situation better. As aresult, less mistakes are made. By reading books on natural philosophy, we knowmore about the mysterious world so that we think deep and are more likely to view the world in a dialectic materialistic way than a idealistic one. As to literature, we are experiencing different lifestyles and emotions as we follow the development of anovel or a poem. We see people of various characters; we share with them theirhappiness and soreness. In that way, we are able to taste what might not happen to us in real life, and then ask ourselves what we would do in that situation. That is why literature enthusiasts are usually more tolerant, more open-minded to diverseopinions; that is why they compose themselves more easily once they are confronted by emergency.As I have stated above, reading books of certain field brings certain knowledge and ability you lack. “There is no stond of impediment in the wit but may be wrought out by fit studies” Broad reading provides full knowledge and ability which gradually evolve into a way of thinking, a way of living. That is what makes a full man: a man with positive world view and active philosophy of life.。
袁枚论读书文言文翻译
袁子曰：读书之道，在乎得法。
法之所在，在乎用心。
用心而不杂，则读书之效可期。
夫读书者，非为博闻强识，盖欲明理致用也。
是以古人有云：“读书破万卷，下笔如有神。
”此言读书之要也。
夫读书之法，首在择书。
择书之道，在乎审时。
时之审矣，然后可定其取舍。
是故学者当以圣贤之书为先，次则历代之史，再则诸子百家之论，最后乃至于诗赋词曲。
盖圣贤之书，载道也；历代之史，载事也；诸子百家之论，载理也；诗赋词曲，载情也。
各有所载，各有所长，学者宜兼收并蓄，不可偏废。
次在读书之法。
读书之法，在乎精读与略读。
精读者，详其义理，考其出处，审其文法，辨其辞章也；略读者，观其大意，知其梗概，不求甚解，以广见闻也。
精读与略读，相辅相成，不可偏废。
精读如服药，须得其真味；略读如饮食，须得其营养。
二者兼备，则读书之效自现。
再在读书之法，在乎温故而知新。
温故者，温习旧书，以巩固所学也；知新者，探求新知，以开拓视野也。
温故而知新，乃读书之妙法。
盖旧书之中，往往有新义可发；新书之中，往往有旧理可寻。
二者相辅相成，学者宜常温故而知新。
读书之法，又在乎勤于笔记。
笔记者，记录所读之书，所思所感也。
勤于笔记，则读书之效倍增。
盖笔记可以助记忆，可以助思考，可以助写作。
孔子曰：“学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。
”故读书必勤于笔记，方能有所得。
读书之法，更在乎虚心求教。
虚心求教者，不以己之无知为羞，而勇于请教他人也。
盖学问之道，无涯无际，一人之智，有限有限。
虚心求教，则可以广其见闻，可以增其知识，可以改其错误。
袁子曰：读书之道，在乎得法。
得法者，得读书之妙也。
读书之妙，在乎明理致用。
明理致用者，读书之极也。
学者能遵斯道，则可以成圣成贤，可以治国平天下。
翻译：袁枚说：读书的方法，关键在于找到正确的方法。
正确方法所在，关键在于用心。
用心而不杂乱，那么读书的效果就可以期待。
那些读书的人，不是为了博闻强识，而是想要明白道理，达到实用的目的。
因此古人有这样的话：“读书破万卷，下笔如有神。
培根的《论读书》OfStudies（原文和译文）
Of Studie sSTUDIE S servefor deligh t, for orname nt, and for abilit y. Theirchiefuse for deligh t, is in privat eness and retiri ng; for orname nt, is in discou rse; and for abilit y, is in the judgme nt, and dispos ition of busine ss. For expert men canexecut e, and perhap s judgeof partic ulars, one by one; but the genera l counse ls, and the plotsand marsha lling of affa ir s,come best, from thosethat are learne d. To spendtoo muc h timein studie s is sloth; to use them too much for orname nt, is affect ation; to make judgme nt wholly by theirrules, is the humorof a schola r. They perfec t nature, and are perfec ted by experi ence: for natura l abilit ies are like natura l plants, that need prunin g, by study; and studie s themse lves, do gi veforthdirect ionstoo much at large, except they be bounde d inby experi ence. Crafty men contem n studie s, simple men ad mirethem, and wise men use them; for they teachnot theirownbut that is a wisdom withou t them, and abovethem, won b yobserv ation. Read not to contra dictand confut e; nor to beli ev eand take for grante d; nor to find talk and discou rse; but to weighand consid er. Some booksare to be tasted, others t o beswallo wed, and some few to be chewed and digest ed; that i s,some booksare to be read only in parts; others to be read,but not curiou sly; and some few to be read wholly, and wit hdilige nce and attent ion. Some booksalso may be read by d eputy,and extrac ts made of them bother s; but that wouldbe only inthe less import ant argume nts, and the meaner sort of book s,else distil led booksare like common distil led waters, flashyReadin g make a full man; confer encea readyman; and writ in gan exactman. And theref ore, if a man writelittle, he had need have a greatmemory; if he confer little, he had need have a presen t wit: and if he read little, he had need have much cunnin g, to seem to know, that he doth not. Histor ie smake men wise; poetswitty; the mathem atics subtit le; nat ura lphilos ophydeep; moralgrave; logicand rhetor ic able to co nten d.Abeunt studia in mores. Nay, thereis no standor impedi m entinthe wit, but may be wrough t out by fit studie s; like as diseasesof the body, may have approp riate exerci ses. Bowlin g is go od forthe stoneand reins; shooti ng for the lungsand ***; gentle walkin g for the stomac h; riding for the head; and the like. Soif a man's wit be wander ing, let him studythe mathem atics ; forin demons trati ons, if his wit be called away neverso little, he must beginagain. If his wit be not apt to distin guish or find differ ences, let him studythe School men; for they are Cymini sector s. If he be not apt to beat over matter s, and tocall up one thingto proveand illust rateanothe r, let him st udythe lawyer s' cases. So everydefect of the mind, may have a specia l receip t.论读书王佐良译读书足以怡情，足以傅彩，足以长才。
【9A文】论读书两种译文翻译赏析
《论读书》翻译赏析班级：姓名:学号：OfStudiesbRFrancisBaconStudiesservefordelight,forornament,andforabilitR.Theirchiefusefordelightisinprivaten essandretiring;forornament,isindiscourse;andforabilitR,isinthejudgmentanddisposition ofbusiness.ForeRpertmencaneRecute,andperhapsjudgeofparticulars,onebRone;buttheg eneralcounsels,andtheplotsandmarshallingofaffairs,comebest,fromthosethatarelearned. Tospendtoomuchtimeinstudiesissloth;tousethemtoomuchforornamentisaffectation;tom akejudgmentwhollRbRtheirrules,isthehumorofascholar.T heRperfectnature,andareperf ectedbReRperience:fornaturalabilitiesarelikenaturalplants,thatneedpruning,bRstudR;a ndstudiesthemselves,dogiveforthdirectionstoomuchatlarge,eRcepttheRbeboundedinbR eRperience.CraftRmencontemnstudies,simplemenadmirethem,andwisemenusethem;fo rtheRteachnottheirownuse;butthatisawisdomwithoutthem,andabovethem,wonbRobser vation.Readnottocontradictandconfute;nortobelieveandtakeforgranted;nortofindtalkan ddiscourse;buttoweighandconsider.Somebooksaretobetasted,otherstobeswallowed,and somefewtobechewedanddigested;thatis,somebooksaretobereadonlRinparts;otherstober ead,butnotcuriouslR;andsomefewtobereadwhollR,andwithdiligenceandattention.Some booksalsomaRbereadbRdeputR,andeRtractsmadeofthembothers;butthatwouldbeonlRi nthelessimportantargumentsandthemeanersortofbooks,elsedistilledbooksarelikecomm ondistilledwaters,flashRthings.Readingmakesafullman;conferenceareadRman;andwritinganeRactman.Andtherefore,i famanwritelittle,hehadneedhaveagreatmemorR;ifheconferlittle,hehadneedhaveapresen twit:andifhereadlittle,hehadneedhavemuchcunning,toseemtoknow,thathedothnot.Histo riesmakemenwise;poetswittR;themathematicssubtitle;naturalphilosophRdeep;moralgr ave;logicandrhetoricabletocontend.Abeuntstudiainmores.NaR,thereisnostandorimpedi mentinthewit,butmaRbewroughtoutbRfitstudies;likeasdiseasesofthebodR,maRhaveap propriateeRercises.Bowlingisgoodforthestoneandreins;shootingforthelungsandbreast;g entlewalkingforthestomach;ridingforthehead;andthelike.Soifaman'switbewandering,le thimstudRthemathematics;forindemonstrations,ifhiswitbecalledawaRneversolittle,hem ustbeginagain.Ifhiswitbenotapttodistinguishorfinddifferences,lethimstudRtheSchoolm en;fortheRarecRminisectors.Ifhebenotapttobeatovermatters,andtocalluponethingtopro veandillustrateanother,lethimstudRthelawRers'cases.SoeverRdefectofthemindmaRhav easpecialreceipt.《论读书》弗朗西斯·培根王佐良译读书足以怡情,足以博采,足以长才。
秦观论读书文言文翻译
子少时读书，一见辄能诵。
暗疏之，亦不甚失。
然负自放，喜从饮酒滑稽者游。
旬朔之间，把卷无几日，故虽有强记之力，而常废于不勤。
比数年来，颇发愤惩艾，悔前所为；而聪明衰耗，殆不如曩时十一二。
每阅一事，必寻绎数终，掩卷茫然，辄复不省。
故虽有勤苦之劳，而常废于善忘。
嗟夫！败吾业者，常此二物也。
【翻译】当我年轻时，读书时一眼就能背诵出来。
即使默写，也不会出现很大的差错。
然而，我依仗着自己的这种本事，就放纵自己，喜欢和那些喝酒、喜欢滑稽的人交往。
一个月中，看书的日子几乎没有几天，所以即使我有很强的记忆力，也因为不勤奋而经常荒废了。
近几年来，我非常努力地告诫自己，后悔以前的行为；但我的聪明才智已经衰退，几乎不如十一二岁时。
每当看到一件事，我一定要反复推求，直到找到最终的结果。
合上书后，我常常感到迷茫和混乱，经常是不再记得书中的内容。
所以，即使我勤奋刻苦，也因为善忘而常常荒废了学业。
唉！毁坏我学业的原因，就是这两件事。
【原文】子少时读书，一见辄能诵。
暗疏之，亦不甚失。
然负自放，喜从饮酒滑稽者游。
旬朔之间，把卷无几日，故虽有强记之力，而常废于不勤。
比数年来，颇发愤惩艾，悔前所为；而聪明衰耗，殆不如曩时十一二。
每阅一事，必寻绎数终，掩卷茫然，辄复不省。
故虽有勤苦之劳，而常废于善忘。
嗟夫！败吾业者，常此二物也。
【翻译】当我年轻时，读书时一眼就能背诵出来。
即使默写，也不会出现很大的差错。
然而，我依仗着自己的这种本事，就放纵自己，喜欢和那些喝酒、喜欢滑稽的人交往。
一个月中，看书的日子几乎没有几天，所以即使我有很强的记忆力，也因为不勤奋而经常荒废了。
近几年来，我非常努力地告诫自己，后悔以前的行为；但我的聪明才智已经衰退，几乎不如十一二岁时。
每当看到一件事，我一定要反复推求，直到找到最终的结果。
合上书后，我常常感到迷茫和混乱，经常是不再记得书中的内容。
所以，即使我勤奋刻苦，也因为善忘而常常荒废了学业。
唉！毁坏我学业的原因，就是这两件事。
朱熹论读书文言文翻译
【原文】朱熹曰：“读书有三到，谓心到、眼到、口到。
心不在此，则眼不看仔细，心眼既不专一，则口亦不能诵读得纯熟。
既不可精熟，则记亦不能久也。
三到之中，心到最急。
心既到矣，眼口岂有不到者乎？”“读书之法，在心求于理，不务记问。
求理于事，求文于道。
事无大小，必求其是；文无新旧，必求其正。
读书者，必先识字，然后知书之大小、义理之深浅。
识其字，读其书，然后能通其义；通其义，然后能达其理；达其理，然后能明其道。
”“读书须有志，志不立，天下无可成之事。
志既立，则动静云为，无不在于此。
读书之法，莫贵于立志。
立志者，志在圣贤之学也。
学圣贤，则必求其道，求其道，则必求其心。
求其心，则必求其志。
志在圣贤之学，则必求其道；求其道，则必求其心；求其心，则必求其志。
如是循环往复，以至于无穷。
”“读书贵有恒，无恒者不可以为学。
读书如种树，种之者培其根，灌溉其苗，而后可以望其实。
不种者，虽欲观其华，亦不可得。
读书亦然，不恒者，虽欲求其理，亦不可得。
恒者，必能久，久则能熟，熟则能通，通则能达，达则能明。
如是，则学无不成，事无不达。
”“读书如行路，须择其善地而居之。
善地者，义理之地也。
居之者，明其义理，而后可以行其道。
不行其道，虽居善地，亦无所用。
读书亦然，不读善书，虽欲求其理，亦不可得。
”【翻译】朱熹说：“读书有三到，即心到、眼到、口到。
如果心不在读书上，那么眼睛就不会仔细看，心眼不专注，那么口也无法纯正地诵读。
既然不能纯正地诵读，那么记忆也无法持久。
在这三个要点中，心到最为重要。
心既已专注，眼和口难道还会不到位吗？”“读书的方法，在于心中寻求理，不在于死记硬背。
在事物中寻求理，在文章中寻求道。
无论事情大小，都要寻求其正确性；无论文章新旧，都要寻求其正道。
读书的人，必须先识字，然后才能知道书籍的大小和义理的深浅。
识得字，读得书，然后才能理解其义；理解了义，然后才能达到理；达到了理，然后才能明白道。
”“读书必须有志向，没有志向，天下没有可以成的事情。
(完整版)培根的《论读书》OfStudies(原文和译文)
Of StudiesSTUDIES serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment, and disposition of business. For expert men canexecute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affa irs,come best, from those that are learned. To spend too muc h timein studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgment wholly by their rules, is the humor of a scholar. They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need pruning, by study; and studies themselves, do gi veforth directions too much at large, except they be bounded inby experience. Crafty men contemn studies, simple men ad mirethem, and wise men use them; for they teach not their ownbut that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won b yobservation. Read not to contradict and confute; nor to beli eveand take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider. Some books are to be tasted, others t o beswallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that i s,some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read,but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and wit hdiligence and attention. Some books also may be read by d eputy,and extracts made of them bothers; but that would be only inthe less important arguments, and the meaner sort of book s,else distilled books are like common distilled waters, flashyReading make a full man; conference a ready man; and writ ingan exact man. And therefore, if a man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit: and if he read little, he had need have much cunning, to seem to know, that he doth not. Historie smake men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtitle; nat uralphilosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to co ntend.Abeunt studia in mores. Nay, there is no stand or impedim ent inthe wit, but may be wrought out by fit studies; like as disea sesof the body, may have appropriate exercises. Bowling is go od forthe stone and reins; shooting for the lungs and ***; gentle walking for the stomach; riding for the head; and the like. Soif a man's wit be wandering, let him study the mathematics ; forin demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little, he must begin again. If his wit be not apt to distinguish or find differences, let him study the Schoolmen; for they are Cymini sectors. If he be not apt to beat over matters, and t ocall up one thing to prove and illustrate another, let him st udythe lawyers' cases. So every defect of the mind, may have a special receipt.论读书王佐良译读书足以怡情，足以傅彩，足以长才。
论读书六版翻译
Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business. For expert men can execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs come best from those that are learned.To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament is affection; to make judgment wholly by their rules is the humor of a scholar. They perfect nature and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need pruning by study, and studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience.Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them, for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them and above them, won by observation. Read not to contradict and confuse; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider.Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be ready wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy and extracts made of them by others; but that would be only in the less important arguments, and the meaner sort of books; else distilled books are, like common distilled waters, flashy things.Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. And therefore, if a man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit; and if he read little, he had need have much cunning to seem to know that he doth not.Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. Abeunt studia in mores. Nay there is no stond or impediment in the wit, but may be wrought out by fit studies: like as diseases of the body may have appropriate exercises. Bowling is good for the stone and reins; shooting for the lungs and breast; gentle walking for the stomach; riding for the he ad; and the like. So if a man’s wit be wandering, let him study the mathematics; for in demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little, he must begin again. If his wit be not apt to distinguish or find differences, let him study the schoolmen; for they are symini sectores. If he be not apt to beat over matters, and to call up one thing to proveand illustrate another, let him study the lawyers’ cases. So every defect of the mind may have a special receipt.Abeunt studia in mores: Studies pass into the characterSymini sectores: dividers of cumin seeds, or hair-splitters【译文】一、王佐良译：谈读书读书足以怡情，足以傅彩，足以长才。
Of-studies原文译文及赏析
培根Of Studies原文及三个版本的汉译【原文】Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability。
Their chief use for delight，is in privateness and retiring；for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability，is in the judgment and disposition of business。
For expert men can execute，and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels，and the plots and marshalling of affairs come best from those that are learned.To spend too much time in studies is sloth；to use them too much for ornament is affection; to make judgment wholly by their rules is the humor of a scholar. They perfect nature and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants，that need pruning by study，and studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large，except they be bounded in by experience.Crafty men contemn studies，simple men admire them，and wise men use them，for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them and above them，won by observation。
培根美文论读书原文及三种译文鉴赏
培根美文论读书原文及三种译文鉴赏培根美文《论读书》原文及三种译文鉴赏阅读是我们获取知识的重要手段，下面是培根着名的关于读书的一篇美文——论读书，并奉上另外两个版本的译文。
对于好的书，可以多加研读，对于普通书籍，知其大意即可，就像在中，阅读是弹性的，你可以选择对内容把握程度的深浅。
“有些书可以浅尝辄止，有些书可以生吞，而有少数书应该细嚼慢咽，融会贯通”——谈读书——王佐良译读书足以怡情，足以博彩，足以长才。
其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其博彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。
练达之士虽能分别处理细事或一一判别枝节，然纵观统筹、全局策划，则舍好学深思者莫属。
读书费时过多易惰，文采藻饰太盛则矫，全凭条文断事乃学究故态。
读书补天然之不足，经验又补读书之不足，盖天生才干犹如自然花草，读书然后知如何修剪移接；而书中所示，如不以经验范之，则又大而无当。
有一技之长鄙读书，无知者慕读书，唯明智之士用读书，然读书并不以用处告人，用书之智不在书中，而在书外，全凭观察得之。
读书时不可存心诘难作者，不可尽信书上所言，亦不可只为寻章摘句，而应推敲细思。
书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则须咀嚼消化。
换言之，有只须读其部分者，有只须大体涉猎者，少数则须 Document number：NOCG-YUNOO-BUYTT-UU986-1986UT全读，读时须全神贯注，孜孜不倦。
书亦可请人代读，取其所作摘要，但只限题材较次或价值不高者，否则书经提炼犹如水经蒸馏，淡而五味矣。
读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人准确。
因此不常做笔记者须记忆特强，不常讨论者须天生聪颖，不常读书者须欺世有术，始能无知而显有知。
读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，论理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辩：凡有所学，皆成性格。
人之才智但有滞碍，无不可读适当之书使之顺畅，一如身体百病，皆可借相宜之运动除之。
滚球利睾肾，射箭利胸肺，慢步利肠胃，骑术利头脑，诸如此类。
培根《论读书》工译本与水泽本翻译比较
Science &Technology Vision 科技视界引文:《论读书》是一篇颇有风格特色的文章,这篇文章的主旨是读书的效用与途径,强调读书学习与经验的同等重要性。
原文文体特征很突出,即古雅、简练。
译者能否准确把握原著的思想、语言、风格和情感,并能恰如其分地将其汉译过来,存在很大的难度。
加之译者本身的知识结构、翻译理论水平和语言要素、翻译工作经验和对翻译技能的领悟掌握各不相同,因此,译者在翻译时所表现出来的对原文的化解能力的差异就显得十分突出,并由此导致一篇原文在不同译者的笔下会有很大的区别。
《论读书》有多种中文译本,其中王佐良先生的译文影响较广,因此被选为本文的主要研究对象。
1《论读书》原文分析《论读书》一文是培根散文的一个缩影,属于学习、教育的论述型语篇。
在词汇方面,培根使用了许多庄严、文雅的长词、大词,其中包括很正式的拉丁词与一些旧词,如“makths”、“doth”、“Nay”、“Abeunt studia in mores”等等,作者还使用了文雅的对称结构,即由两个意义相似或相关的词用“and”连接成的搭配,如:“privateness and retiring”;“contradict and confute”;“weight and consider”等等。
贯穿全篇的名言警句是本文的又一大特点,这些名言警句使得文章庄严的气势更上一层,例子不胜枚举。
在句法方面,原文运用了许多整齐匀称的排比句,全文共有8处用了虚拟语气,11处用了被动语态。
作者还避免使用“I ,you ,we”等代词以提高文章的无人称程度,其目的是与读者保持一定距离,增强文章的严肃性和客观性。
以上这些词汇和句法特征都体现了原文正式、庄重、典雅的文体特点。
这里要补充的是,原文虽具有极正式的书面语特征,但句子结构并不复杂,大多数句子为简单句或并列复合句,文章读上去仍然晓畅、易懂。
在修辞方面,原文最大的特点是排比句的大量使用。
《论读书》原文及其两个译文之翻译批评
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１ ９ ８ ０年 出版 ， 以下简称 王译 ） 及曹 的意思 。 判 断有两层 步骤 一 判与断。 判者 的译文 （ 乃 分辨选择的功夫 ，断者乃等级价值之确 明伦 的译文 （ ２ ０ ０ ０年 出版 ，以 下简 称曹 定。 其判 断的标准乃 固定普 遍的， 期判断之 译 ） 。王佐 良先 生的译 本使 用了浅 近的文
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一
二、 研读译 作 本文选了两个版 本的译文 ，即王佐 良
使人敏锐 ， 笔记则可使人严谨 ； 王译 使用“ ……使 … … ・ ・ 使 … … 一 使 … …” 而营译使 用 “ … …可 使 …… ， …… 可使 …… ， ……则可使 ……。” 读起 来王译
（ １ ） Ｓ ｔ ｕ ｄ ｉ ｅ ｓ ｓ ｅ ｒ ｖ ｅ ｆ ｏ ｒ ｄ ｅ ｌ ｉ ｇ ｈ ｔ ，ｆ ｏ ｒ ｏ ｒ 一 些词让人觉得 高雅 、 庄严 、 正式 。 译文 比较 ：
(完整word版)论读书两种译文翻译赏析
《论读书》翻译赏析班级：姓名:学号：Of Studiesby Francis BaconStudies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business. For expert men can execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs, come best, from those that are learned. To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament is affectation; to make judgment wholly by their rules, is the humor of a scholar. T hey perfect nature, and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need pruning, by study; and studies themselves, do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience. Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won by observation. Read not to contradict and confute; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy, and extracts made of them bothers; but that would be only in the less important arguments and the meaner sort of books, else distilled books are like common distilled waters, flashy things.Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. And therefore, if a man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit: and if he read little, he had need have much cunning, to seem to know, that he doth not. Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtitle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able tocontend. Abeunt studia in mores.Nay, there is no stand or impediment in the wit, but may be wrought out by fit studies; like as diseases of the body, may have appropriate exercises. Bowling is good for the stone and reins; shooting for the lungs and breast; gentle walking for the stomach; riding for the head; and the like. So if a man's wit be wandering, let him study the mathematics; for in demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little, he must begin again. If his wit be not apt to distinguish or find differences, let him study the Schoolmen; for they are cymini sectors. If he be not apt to beat over matters, and to call up one thing to prove and illustrate another, let him study the lawyers' cases. So every defect of the mind may have a special receipt.《论读书》弗朗西斯·培根王佐良译读书足以怡情, 足以博采, 足以长才。
培根美文论读书原文及三种译文鉴赏
培根美文《论读书》原文及三种译文鉴赏阅读是我们获取知识的重要手段，下面是培根著名的关于读书的一篇美文——论读书，并奉上另外两个版本的译文。
对于好的书，可以多加研读，对于普通书籍，知其大意即可，就像在中，阅读是弹性的，你可以选择对内容把握程度的深浅。
“有些书可以浅尝辄止，有些书可以生吞，而有少数书应该细嚼慢咽，融会贯通”——谈读书——王佐良译读书足以怡情，足以博彩，足以长才。
其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其博彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。
练达之士虽能分别处理细事或一一判别枝节，然纵观统筹、全局策划，则舍好学深思者莫属。
读书费时过多易惰，文采藻饰太盛则矫，全凭条文断事乃学究故态。
读书补天然之不足，经验又补读书之不足，盖天生才干犹如自然花草，读书然后知如何修剪移接；而书中所示，如不以经验范之，则又大而无当。
有一技之长鄙读书，无知者慕读书，唯明智之士用读书，然读书并不以用处告人，用书之智不在书中，而在书外，全凭观察得之。
读书时不可存心诘难作者，不可尽信书上所言，亦不可只为寻章摘句，而应推敲细思。
书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则须咀嚼消化。
换言之，有只须读其部分者，有只须大体涉猎者，少数则须全读，读时须全神贯注，孜孜不倦。
书亦可请人代读，取其所作摘要，但只限题材较次或价值不高者，否则书经提炼犹如水经蒸馏，淡而五味矣。
读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人准确。
因此不常做笔记者须记忆特强，不常讨论者须天生聪颖，不常读书者须欺世有术，始能无知而显有知。
读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，论理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辩：凡有所学，皆成性格。
人之才智但有滞碍，无不可读适当之书使之顺畅，一如身体百病，皆可借相宜之运动除之。
滚球利睾肾，射箭利胸肺，慢步利肠胃，骑术利头脑，诸如此类。
如智力不集中，可令读数学，盖演算须全神贯注，稍有分散即须重演；如不能辨异，可令读经院哲学，盖是辈皆吹毛求疵之人；如不善求同，不善以一物阐证另一物，可令读律师之案卷。
王佐良译文《论读书》指瑕
王佐良译⽂《论读书》指瑕2019-07-09【摘要】王佐良译的培根随笔《论读书》，⼏乎成了翻译界的教科书。
问世以来，⼆三⼗年间，只有称赞，没有批评。
其实，仔细分析起来，这篇译⽂也还是有不少瑕疵。
译⽂⽤的是⽂⾔⽂，⽂⾔⽂要求⾔简意赅，字字精当，可是译⽂却⽤了过多的成语，杂夹了过多的⽩话词汇，⽽且有些⽂⾔句型，也颇⽋成熟。
本⽂对这些问题，分别进⾏讨论。
【关键词】成语；现代词汇；⽂⾔句型中图分类号：H315.9 ⽂献标志码：A ⽂章编号：1007-0125（2016）12-0278-01王佐良的译⽂《论读书》，声名极著，学翻译的学⽣叹为观⽌，奉为神作，教翻译的⽼师也⾼谈阔论，乐此不疲。
其实，这篇译⽂的瑕疵并不少，只是很少有⼈注意到。
最主要的问题，出在王佐良所⽤的“⽂⾔⽂”上。
下⾯⼀段话，是从其翻译论⽂集《翻译：思考与试笔》中摘下来的：那⼀次我考虑了⼀个技术问题：“培根在《随笔》中⽤了⼗分简约的⽂体，⽽且⽂章写在⼗六七世纪，字句都有古奥处，应该⽤什么样的中⽂来译呢？最后我决定⽤浅近⽂⾔，因为⽂⾔容易做到⾔简意赅。
我是⼀个完全从‘洋学堂’出⾝的⼈，⽂⾔是后来⾃学的，不地道，幸亏稿⼦送到《世界⽂学》编辑部后，得到了朱海观同志的润⾊，才成了后来出版的那个样⼦。
”（王佐良：1989）王佐良的古诗⽂基础，其实说不上好。
他曾译过⼀⾸诗歌，叫做《墓园挽歌》，从格律到⽂字，都有很多问题，笔者曾单独讨论过。
这篇译⽂，是经过别⼈专门“润饰”过的，然⽽问题仍然存在。
⾸先是成语过多。
不但成语过多，⽽且近似成语的四字短语也多。
⽐如“⾼谈阔论”、“⼤⽽⽆当”、“寻章摘句”、“好学深思”、“吹⽑求疵”、“全神贯注”、“孜孜不倦”，乃⾄“纵观统筹”、“全局策划”之类，真可谓俯拾即是。
古诗词也好，⽂⾔⽂也好，都讲究炼字，要求字字皆出⼰意，字字不可移易，因此成语都是很少⽤的。
即使是近世⽐较浅近的⽂⾔⽂，如清代张潮的语录体⼩品《⼩窗幽梦》，成语也⽤得很有节度。
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Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business. For expert men can execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs come best from those that are learned.To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament is affection; to make judgment wholly by their rules is the humor of a scholar. They perfect nature and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need pruning by study, and studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience.Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them, for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them and above them, won by observation. Read not to contradict and confuse; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider.Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be ready wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy and extracts made of them by others; but that would be only in the less important arguments, and the meaner sort of books; else distilled books are, like common distilled waters, flashy things.Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. And therefore, if a man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit; and if he read little, he had need have much cunning to seem to know that he doth not.Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. Abeunt studia in mores. Nay there is no stond or impediment in the wit, but may be wrought out by fit studies: like as diseases of the body may have appropriate exercises. Bowling is good for the stone and reins; shooting for the lungs and breast; gentle walking for the stomach; riding for the he ad; and the like. So if a man’s wit be wandering, let him study the mathematics; for in demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little, he must begin again. If his wit be not apt to distinguish or find differences, let him study the schoolmen; for they are symini sectores. If he be not apt to beat over matters, and to call up one thing to proveand illustrate another, let him study the lawyers’ cases. So every defect of the mind may have a special receipt.Abeunt studia in mores: Studies pass into the characterSymini sectores: dividers of cumin seeds, or hair-splitters【译文】一、王佐良译：谈读书读书足以怡情，足以傅彩，足以长才。
其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其傅彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。
练达之士虽能分别吃力细事或一一判别枝节，然纵观统筹、全局策划，则舍好学深思者莫属。
读书费时过多易惰，文采藻饰太盛则矫，全凭条文断事乃学究故态。
读书补天然之不足，经验又补读书之不足，盖天生才干犹如自然花草，读书然后知如何修剪移接；而书种所示，如不以经验范之，则又大而无当。
有一技之长鄙读书，无知者慕读书，唯明智之士用读书，然读书并不以用处告人，用书之智不在书种，而在书外，全凭观察得之。
读书时不可存心诘难作者，不可尽信书上所言，亦不可只为寻章摘句，而应推敲细思。
书有课浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则须咀嚼消化。
换言之，有只须读其部分者，有只须大体涉猎者，少数则须全读，读时须全神贯注，孜孜不倦。
书亦可请人代读，取其所作摘要，但只限题材较次或价值不高者，否则书经提炼犹如水经蒸馏，淡而五味矣。
读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人准确。
因此不常做笔记者须记忆特强，不常讨论者须天生聪颖，不常读书者须欺世有术，始能无知而显有知。
读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，论理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辨：凡有所学，皆成性格。
人之才智但有滞碍，无不可读适当之书使之顺畅，一如身体百病，皆可借相宜之运动除之。
滚球利睾肾，射箭利胸肺，慢步利肠胃，骑术利头脑，诸如此类。
如智力不集中，可令读数学，盖演算须全神贯注，稍有分散即须重演；如不能辨异，可令读经院哲学，盖是辈皆吹毛求疵之人；如不善求同，不善以一物阐证另一物，可令读律师之案卷。
如此头脑中凡有缺陷，皆有特药可医。
二、廖运范译文论读书读书能给人乐趣、文雅和能力。
人们独居或退隐的时候，最能体会到读书的乐趣；谈话的时候，最能表现出读书的文雅；判断和处理事务的时候，最能发挥由读书而获得的能力。
那些有实际经验而没有学识的人，也许能够一一实行或判断某些事物的细微末节，但对于事业的一般指导、筹划与处理，还是真正有学问的人才能胜任。
耗费过多的时间去读书便是迟滞，过分用学问自炫便是矫揉造作，而全凭学理判断一切，则是书呆子的癖好。
学问能美化人性，经验又能充实学问。
天生的植物需要人工修剪，人类的本性也需要学问诱导，而学问本身又必须以经验来规范，否则便太迂阔了。
技巧的人轻视学问，浅薄的人惊服学问，聪明的人却能利用学问。
因为学问本身并不曾把它的用途教给人，至于如何去应用它，那是在学问之外、超越学问之上、由观察而获得的一种聪明呢！读书不是为着药辩驳，也不是要盲目信从，更不是去寻找谈话的资料，而是要去权衡和思考。
有些书只需浅尝，有些书可以狼吞，有些书要细嚼慢咽，漫漫消化。
也就是说，有的书只需选读，有的书只需浏览，有的书却必须全部精读。
有些书不必去读原本，读读它们的节本就够了，但这仅限于内容不大重要的二流书籍：否则，删节过的往往就像蒸馏水一样，淡而无味。
读书使人渊博，论辨使人机敏，写作使人精细。
如果一个人很少写作，他就需要有很强的记忆力；如果他很少辩论，就需要有机智；如果他很少读书，就需要很狡猾，对于自己不懂的事情，假装知道。
历史使人聪明，诗歌使人富于想象，数学使人精确，自然哲学使人深刻，伦理学使人庄重，逻辑学和修辞学使人善辩。
总之，读书能陶冶个性。
不仅如此，读书并且可以铲除一切心理上的障碍，正如适当的运动能够矫治身体上的某些疾病一般。
例如，滚球有益于肾脏；射箭有益于胸肺；散步有益于肠胃；骑马有益于头脑等等。
因此，假若一个人心神散乱，最好让他学习数学，因为在演算数学题目的时候，一定得全神贯注，如果注意力稍一分散，就必须得再从头做起。
假若一个人拙于辨别差异，就让他去请教那些演绎派的大师们，因为他们正是剖析毫发的人。