第03讲动词ing形式作主语
考点12 动词ing (核心考点精讲精练)-备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮(新高考通用)
考点12 动词ing（核心考点精讲精练）1. 高考真题考点分布考点题型动词ing语法填空年份试卷类型考点考向20242024·新课标I卷//2024·新课标II卷Recalling作状语2024·全国乙卷//2024·全国甲卷//2024·年北京卷knocking作状语20232023·新课标I卷wanting 作主语补足语2023·新课标II卷visiting作定语2023·全国乙卷Having visited；作状语Recording 作宾语2023·全国甲卷borrowing 作状语2023·年北京卷facing 作后置定语20222022·新课标I卷Covering作状语2022·新课标II卷falling 作定语2022·全国乙卷inviting 作状语2022·全国甲卷planning 作状语2. 命题规律及备考策略【命题规律】近3年新高考卷对于动词ing的考查共计12次，主要考查：1．动词ing作的句法功能（主语、宾语、定语、状语、宾补）；2．动词ing的一些固定搭配、固定句型；3. 动词ing的各种形式及其意义。
【备考策略】1.系统归类动词ing的用法;2.熟练掌握动词ing的各种形式的意义和用法，尤其是动词ing的一些固定搭配和固定句型。
【命题预测】预测2025年高考语法填空和短文改错对动词ing考查仍然会成为的热点、重点和难点，尤其是考查动词ing一些固定搭配和固定句型；V-ing与V-ed的辨析仍然是考查重点。
必备基础知识：1）非谓语动词是具有动词的特征，因此它有时态的变化、语态的变化，各种形式具有自己的意义。
动词ing的各种形式非谓语动词主动语态被动语态意义现在分词/动名词一般式doing being done其表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生，或几乎上同时发生完成式having done having been done其表示的动作先于句中谓语动词的动作发生2）非谓语动词的句法功能：功能形式主语宾语表语定语状语补语不定式√√√√√√V-ing√√√√√√V-ed√√√√3）动词ing的基本意义现在分词的一般式表示动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生；现在分词的完成式表示动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前；Walking down the street, he hears someone calling him.在街上走着，他听到有人叫他。
英语复习专题03 动词的-ing形式
E．动词的-ing形式作定语1．单个的动词的-ing形式可以作前置定语，一般有两种含义。
①说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。
a reading room= a room which is used for reading阅览室running shoes= shoes for running跑鞋a working method = a method of working工作方法必背：a sewing machine 缝纫机a swimming pool 游泳池a drawing board 画板a dining car 餐车a driving permit 驾驶许可证a walking stick 手杖a singing competition 歌咏比赛a waiting room 候车室②表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。
developing countries = countries that are developing发展中国家an ordinary-looking house = a house that looks ordinary看起来很普通的房子a puzzling problem = a problem that puzzles somebody困扰人的问题The working people are masters of our country. 劳动人民是我们国家的主人。
Let sleeping dogs lie. 不要惹麻烦。
必背：a disappointing play令人失望的戏剧an astonishing adventure 惊人的冒险boiling water 正在沸腾的水a sleeping baby 熟睡的婴儿a barking dog 狂吠的狗the setting sun 落日the coming week 下一周failing sight 逐渐衰退的视力2．作定语的-ing形式如是一个短语，则应放在被修饰词的后面。
现在进行时讲解及练习
01概念表示正在发生的事情或动作，常和now，look，listen 连用。
eg：We are listening to music now.我们现在正在听音乐。
Listen!He is playing the piano.听！他正在弹钢琴现在进行时态。
02结构1．be +动词现在分词（即：动词-ing 形式），be +doing 是一个整体，不能分开。
2．be 随着主语的变化而变化，doing 的变化规则根据现在分词的变化规律来定。
03动词现在分词的构成规律1．一般情况下,在动词原形后直接加-ing；eg：work→workingdo→doingplay→playing2．以不发音字母e 结尾的动词，先去掉e，再加-ing；eg：dance→dancingcome→coming3．在重读闭音节（即：辅音＋元音＋辅音）的动词中，要先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ing；eg：get→getting shop→shoppingrun→running swim→swimming4．以ie结尾的重读闭音节词，将ie改成y再加ing。
eg：lie→lying die→dying04现在进行时的各种句式变化1．否定句方法：直接在be的后面加not。
eg：They are running.→They are not running.2．一般疑问句方法：直接把be放在主语的前面，其余位置不变。
eg：：They are running.→Are they runnin?3．特殊疑问句方法：如果就划线部分提问事情或动作时，用What…doing?eg：They are swimming in the sea now.→What are they doing in the sea now?—We are .B.watch TV A.watching TV C.watches TVD.to watch TV（）2.Look!The little boyin the rain.A.jumpsB.runC.is runningD.runson the（）3.The children areplayground.A.playingB.playC.sleepingD.play s（）5.Look!Emm an English class now.（）4.WeA.hasB.haveC.is havingD.are havingawith her sister.A.is swimming B.swims are is swimingD.swimmingC.（）1.—What are you doing now?05现在进行时态练习（（）10.Tom）6.—the girls dancing?—No,they.They are reading books.A.is;aren’tB.are;aren’tC.Are;aren’tD.Are;are（）7.—?—They are playing basketball.A.What are they doingB.Who are theyC.How old are theyD.Where are they（）8.Listen!Emma.A.C.sleepsswimsB.D.is singing is running（）9.Spring is .There are greens treesand beautiful flowers.ingB.goingeinges with a toycar now?——No,he isn’t.He is playing piano.A.Do;plays B.Is;playC.Is;playingD.Does;play【参考答案】ACADA CABAC。
动词ing做主语和宾语带句子成分讲解版课件
与其他形式的比较
与不定式作宾语的比较
动词-ing形式与不定式都可以作为宾语，但动词-ing形式强调动作的进行，而不 定式强调动作的完成。
与动名词作主语的比较
动名词是动词-ing形式的非限定形式，可以作为主语使用，表示抽象概念或一般 性事实。而动词-ing形式作为宾语，强调具体动作或情境。
动词ing做主语和宾语带句 子成分讲解版课件
目录
• 动词ing做主语 • 动词ing做宾语 • 动词ing带句子成分 • 实际应用与注意事项
01
动词ing做主语
定义与特点
定义
动词ing形式用作主语，表示该动 作或行为是句子中的主体。
特点
具有描述性和解释性，强调某个 动作或行为的持续性或习惯性。
与其他形式的比较
与不定式做主语的比较
不定式做主语常表示一次性或未来的 动作，而动词ing做主语则强调动作 的持续性或习惯性。
与从句做主语的比较
从句做主语通常用于描述复杂的概念 或事件，而动词ing做主语则更加简洁 明了，易于理解。
02
动词ing做宾语
定义与特点
定义
动词-ing形式在句子中作为宾语，通常表示正在进行的动作或状态。
特点
具有进行时态的意味，强调动作的持续性。
常见句型
"I enjoy reading books." (我 喜欢读书。)
"He hates working on weekends." (他讨厌在周末工作
。)
"She prefers watching TV to doing homework." (她更喜欢
04
实际应用与注意事项
-ing做主语
-ing做主语一、介绍-ing作为动词的现在分词形式，可以作为主语出现在句子中。
本文将探讨-ing做主语的用法和应用领域，包括其在句子中的位置、常见的搭配以及使用-ing作为主语的句型结构。
二、位置-ing作为主语，通常位于句子的开头或者紧跟在be动词之后。
例如：- Running is my favorite sport.- Eating fruits is good for your health.三、常见搭配1. 动词+ing形式作为主语-ing形式可以直接作为动词的主语，表示这个动作或状态的具体内容。
例如：- Swimming in the pool is very enjoyable.- Singing in the shower makes me happy.2. It is/was + adj. + ing形式作为主语这种句型常用来描述感受、情感或状态。
例如：- It is exciting to travel to new places.- It was disappointing to hear the news.3. There is/are/was/were + adj. + ing形式作为主语这种句型常用来描述具体的事物或情况。
例如：- There are many students studying in the library.- There was a cat chasing a mouse in the garden.四、句型结构1. S + V + -ing + ...这种结构中，-ing形式作为主语，后面可以跟上其他成分来构成完整的句子。
例如：- Jogging in the morning helps me stay fit.- Dancing with friends is a fun activity.2. It + V + adj. + -ing + ...这种结构中，it作为形式主语，后面跟上真正的主语，然后再接上其他成分。
动词的ing 形式做主语和宾语
1. It is nice to help people in need of help. Helping people in need of help is nice. 2. It is not easy to grow super hybrid rice. Growing super hybrid rice is not easy. 3. It is not difficult to learn more about farming. Learning more about farming is not difficult.
consider, suggest / advise, look forward 考虑建议盼原谅，to, excuse, 承认推迟没得想，admit, delay / put off, fancy
避免错过继续练，avoid, miss, keep /keep on, practise
否认完成停能赏，deny, finish, stop, enjoy / appreciate 不禁介意准逃亡，can’t help, mind, allow/ permit, escape
动词-ing形式作主语和宾语
1. 动词-ing形式是在动词末尾加 -ing， 属于非谓语动词。如：do-doing, write-writing, sit-sitting, etc.
否定形式：not + v--ing
2. 动词-ing形式作主语或宾语时，也
可称为动名词。
动词-ing形式作主语 1. 动词-ing形式作主语表示抽象的或泛 指的动作, 谓语动词用单数。如： Reading aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language. Going to bed early and getting up early is considered to be a good habit.
译林版高中英语学案必修第三册 UNIT 3 The world online Section B
【即学即练】 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①It presents live __en_t_e_r_ta_i_n_m_e_n_t_（entertain）,including pop,rock,folk,jazz,musicals,dance,world music,films and classical music. ②Knowledgeable guides will entertain you _w__it_h_ the most interesting stories about Presidents,Congress,memorials,and parks. ③What we like about this book is that it is _e_n_t_e_rt_a_in_i_n_g_ （entertain） as well as practical. ④我有几个孩子，书是我们娱乐的主要来源。 I have several children and books __ar_e__o_u_r__m_a_i_n__so_u_r_c_e__o_f__en_t_e_r_ta_i_n_m_e_n_t_.
【佳句背诵】It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal. 吃饭时要盐和胡椒似乎是一个简单的请求。
【即学即练】 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①All the students are requested _t_o__a_tt_e_n_d_ （attend） the annual school celebration. ②What's your opinion of Mr Li's request that we __（__sh_o_u_l_d_）___s_p_e_n_d_ （spend） half an hour reading English aloud every morning? ③It is _r_e_q_u_e_st_e_d_ （request） that all the visitors should not take pictures of the exhibitions. ④这位钢琴家应我们的要求，再次在公开场合演奏。 The pianist played in public again _a_t__o_u_r_r_e_q_u_e_s_t/_a_t _t_h_e__re_q_u_e_s_t_o_f__u_s_.
动词ing形式作主语和宾语(知识梳理)
动词ing形式作主语和宾语(知识梳理)动词--ing形式作主语和宾语动名词是非谓动词的又一种形式。
它在形式上与现在分词相同，都是在动词原形的词末加-ing。
在现代语法中，这两种形式同视为"-ing形式"。
这两种形式的另一个相同之处是：它们都是由动词变化而成的，它们都保留了动词的某些特征，它们都能带自己的宾语、状语，而构成动名词短语或是现在分词短语去担当句子成分。
动名词- 概述动名词是非限定动词的一种形式，由动词原形+ing构成。
它既有动词的特征，又有名词的特征，故称。
动名词也有时态和语态的变化，如表所示（以及物动词write为例），不及物动词没有语态的变化。
时态/语态主动被动一般式writing beingwritten完成式havingwritten having been written动名词- 动名词的结构和形式（1）逻辑主语是有生命的名词作主语时，必须用名词或代词所有格，作宾语时（尤其在口语中），也可用名词普通格或人称代词宾格。
如：Do you think my going there will be of any help? 你看我去会有什么帮助吗？（宾语）The student’s knowing English w ell helps him in learning French.这位学生通晓英语对他学法语很有帮助。
（主语）Do you mind my(me) smoking ?你介意我抽烟吗？（宾语）They insist on Mary’s (Mary) going with them there.他们坚持要玛丽跟他们一起去那儿。
（介词宾语）（2）逻辑主语是无生命名词是，通常只用名词普通格。
如：Do you hear the rain pattering on the roof?你听见雨点打在屋顶上了吗？Is there any hope of our team winning the match ?我们对赢得比赛有希望吗？(3) 逻辑主语是指示代词或不定代词this，that , somebody , someone , nobody, none, anybody,anyone 时，只用普通格。
V-ing的用法
3. 在there be 结构中作主语, 这种结构的意思 相当于“It is impossible to do… ”。如： 若要人不知, 除非己莫为。 There is no hiding of evil but not to do it． 这种事开不得玩笑。 Here is no joking about such matter. 无法知道他什么时候离开 There was no knowing when he would leave.
我们必须设法避免犯同样的错误。 We must try to avoid repeating the same mistake． 晚饭后你想和我一起散步吗? Do you feel like having a walk with me after supper? 人们忍不住嘲笑那个愚蠢的人。 People couldn’t help laughing the foolish man．
二、动名词用作宾语 动名词作宾语有两种情况。 1. 只能后接动名词作宾语的动词, 常见的有 avoid, advise，consider, enjoy, keep, finish, suggest, dislike, delay, escape,, imagine, mind, miss, practise, cannot stand， excuse, fancy,
no good, fun, hard work, a hard / difficult job, a waste of time 等; 形容词有: dangerous, worthwhile, useless等。如:
It’s no use making an excuse for this. 为这件事找借口是没有用的。
Walking after supper is good for your health. 2、 动名词的复合结构作主语 动名词的复合结构是指物主代词、名词所 有格是动名词逻辑上的主语、动名词是其 逻辑上的谓语。
动词ing做主语和宾语(带句子成分讲解版)
英语句子有长在短，有简有繁，从现象看， 似乎千变万化，难以捉摸，但从实质看，可 以发现其内在联系，找出其共同规律。英语 句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及 其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基 本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
英语五种基本 句型列式如下 ：
Ｓ Ｖ （主＋谓） Ｓ Ｖ Ｐ （主＋谓＋表） Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾） Ｓ Ｖ ｏ Ｏ （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ Ｃ （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
4. 我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听一个重要报告。
We found the great hall full of students and teachers listening to an important report made by a comrade from the People's Daily on current affairs in East Europe.
bus.
但常用的英语句子并不都象基本句型这样简短，这 些句子除了基本句型的成分不变外，通常是在这些 成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语（modifier）而 加以扩大。这些修饰语可以是单词（主要是形容词、 副词和数词），也可以是
各种类型的短语（主要是介词短语、不定式短语和 分词短语）。
1. 下面以基本句型五为例：
5
Who │cares?
6
What he said │ does not matter.
7
They │ talked for half an hour.
8
The pen │writes smoothly
基本句型 二
此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓 语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须 加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成 复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。
动词ing形式做主语和宾语
collecting I’m fond of _________ (collect) stamps and coins.
常跟动词ing作宾语的动词歌诀:
考虑建议盼原谅， consider, suggest / advise ,look forward
to ,excuse ,pardon
承认推迟没得想，
laughing that foolish man． People couldn’t help________
注： need, require, want作“需要”解时, 后接动词-ing形式作宾语, 主动形式表示被 动意义, 相当于to be done。
The radio needs / requires / wants repairing / to be repaired ____________________________ （repair）.
在动词forgetrememberregret之后意义不同19dontforgetyourmotherregretmissingcanttakeyouradvice20godoinggodomeandoingmeandostopdoingstopdo做某事继续做原来做的事接着做另一件事意味着要做某事想要做某事停止做某事停下来别的事开始21trydoing试着做某事trydo努力做某事doing习惯于做某事do被用来做某事canthelpdoing禁不住做某事canthelpdo不能帮助做某事22ving形式的复合结构doyoumindmycominglatefilm
admit, delay / put off , fancy
避免错过继续练， avoid , miss ,keep /keep on , practise 否认完成停能赏， deny , finish , stop ,enjoy / appreciate
高考英语语法专题复习：非谓语动词讲义(不定式、动名词
高中英语语法专题复习03 非谓语动词（不定式、动名词&现在分词、过去分词）非谓语动词谓语动词在句子中有三种作用：1. 表示动作的时间，tense (时)2. 表示动作的状态，aspect (体)3. 表示动作的语气，mood (气)谓语动词的“时体气”，通过动词变位实现。
例如，The rabbit ate a carrot.The rabbit is eating a carrot.The rabbit has eaten a carrot.谓语动词在句子中受到主语的限制，随之出现了时态和人称的变化，成为一种被限定了的动词，所以也被称为限定性动词(finite verb)。
与之相对的，不受主语限制的动词，称为非限定性动词(non-finite verb)，也就是非谓语动词。
非谓语动词不具备表达时态和人称的作用。
例如，I like to eat carrot.I liked eating carrot.The rabbit likes minced carrot.非谓语动词有四种形式：1. 不定式 infinitive2. 动名词 gerund3. 现在分词 present participle4. 过去分词 past participle谓语动词是简单句的核心动词，非谓语动词只可能出现在其他的句子成分中。
1. 主语例：Swimming makes us hale and hearty.2. 宾语例：Janet suddenly stopped talking.3. 表语/主语补语例：Her wish is to become a doctor in the future.4. 宾语补语例：I invited him to come here.5. 定语例：Don't disturb the sleeping dog.6. 状语例：He went to the supermarket to buy a pen.不定式、动名词句子的核心动词只能由谓语动词充当，而非谓语动词可以充当句子的其他成分。
2020年高考英语短文改错高频考点3：非谓语动词(含答案解析)
专题03 短文改错高频考点TOP 3 非谓语动词考点一语句中多出谓语动词（多半是以动词原形出现），且与逻辑主语是主谓关系，应用现在分词（此处应与情态动词和使役动词的用法区别记忆）非谓语动词主动语态被动语态意义现在分词/动名词一般式doing being done其表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生，或基本上同时发生完成式having done having been done其表示的动作先于句中谓语动词的动作发生【点津】现在分词状语常置于句尾，习惯用逗号隔开，所以通常情况下讲逗号后面的动词应该用-ing形式。
1)We should not leave the tap water run or waste any materials in the laboratory class.【答案】run改为running【解析】使役动词leave的用法，leave sth. doing，应为主动形式2)Shake her head，she said，“It isn‘t a good time to do that，dear.”【答案】Shake 改为Shaking【解析】现在分词表伴随考点二动词原型构成的祈使句和现在分词短语用作句子的主语混淆非谓语动词，顾名思义，它不是谓语，也就是说句子里另有谓语。
祈使句，前面用作原型的动词就是谓语，句子里其它地方没有谓语了。
这就是最大的区别！Put（谓语）your creative juices（宾语）to good use by trying to bring out the poet in you（状语）。
put是谓语，变成动名词putting的话，句子就没有谓语了！下一句也是如此，and前后是并列关系，两个make分别是分句的谓语，换成making，前半句就没谓语了。
Driving in downtown area(主语）requires（谓语）higher attention（宾语）.后面有谓语，前面的动词就不能用原形，要变成动名词形式的非谓语。
高考英语语法一轮复习——动词-ing形式作主语和宾语(共52张PPT)
⑤ It’s no pleasure doing... 干… … 没乐趣
It is no pleasure _l_o_o_k_in__g_ through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.
有些动词后面可跟to do 或doing： remember to do记得要做某事(未做) remember doing记得做过某事(已做)
①我记得昨天关窗户了。
I remember closing the windows yesterday. ②记着放学后去趟邮局。
Remember to go to the post office after school.
可能不发生，只是自己有这样一种担心(即担心发生)
①他晚上不敢出去 。
He was afraid to go out at night. ②我怕伤了他的感情 。
I was afraid of hurting his feelings..
I’m afraid to speak English before so many people because I’m afraid of making mistakes. 我不敢在 那么多人面前说英语，因为我怕出错。
(这部电影是不值得看的)
Sth. is/was worth doing ……是值得的
③ It +is/was +a waste of time doing
高一英语动词ing形式知识点
高一英语动词ing形式知识点动词的 -ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式，由动词原形加 -ing构成，包括 -ing分词和 -ing动名词。
可以在句子中用作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补语、状语和定语。
接下来店铺为你整理了高一英语动词ing 形式知识点，一起来看看吧。
高一英语动词ing形式知识点1.一般形式Seeing is believing.眼见为信。
Coming to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours.乘火车到杭州要16个小时。
2.通常为了避免句子主语过于冗长，用it作形式主语。
如：It‘s nice talking with you.和你谈话很高兴。
It‘s no use arguing with him.跟他争论没用。
3.“There + be + no + -ing”结构，此结构的意义相当于“It‘s impossible + 不定式”。
如：There is no harm in doing so.这样做没有害处。
作表语动词 -ing可用来作表语。
如：This food smells inviting.这种食物香味怡人。
My favorite sport is swimming.我最喜欢的运动是游泳。
Their job is cleaning the window.他们的工作是打扫窗子。
作宾语1.动词-ing形式可以用作动词、短语动词和介词的宾语。
I warned her against driving fast.Jim dislikes eating chocolate.2.有些动词和动词短语后接作宾语的非限定性动词时只能是-ing 分词，常见的这类动词有：admit，acknowledge，advise，appreciate， avoid， delay， deny， dislike， enjoy， excuse，escape，fancy， finish， forgive， face， endure， involve， give up，imagine， mention， mind， miss， pardon，practise， require， resent， resist， suggest， recall， resist，understand等。
动词ing做主语用法
动词ing做主语用法在英语学习中，动词 ing 形式做主语是一个重要且常见的语法点。
它的使用有着独特的规律和特点，掌握这一用法对于我们正确理解和运用英语语言有着重要的意义。
首先，我们来看看什么是动词 ing 形式。
动词 ing 形式，也就是现在分词，通常是在动词原形的基础上加上 ing 构成。
比如“read”变成“reading”，“swim”变成“swimming”。
那么，为什么要用动词 ing 形式来做主语呢？这是因为在英语句子中，需要有一个名词或者相当于名词的成分来充当主语，而动词 ing 形式在某些情况下就具备了名词的性质，可以承担主语的角色。
动词 ing 形式做主语时，常常表示一般性的、习惯性的动作或者是抽象的概念。
比如说，“Swimming is good for your health”（游泳对你的健康有益。
）在这个句子中，“swimming”就表示“游泳”这个一般性的活动，强调的是游泳这种运动整体对于健康的好处，而不是特定的某一次游泳经历。
再比如，“Reading books broadens our horizons”（读书能拓宽我们的视野。
）这里的“reading books”指的是“读书”这个习惯性的行为，表达了读书这一普遍的活动所带来的积极影响。
与动词不定式做主语相比，动词 ing 形式做主语更加强调动作的持续性和习惯性。
例如，“To swim in the river is dangerous”（在河里游泳很危险。
）和“Swimming in the river is dangerous”这两个句子，前者更侧重于表达“在河里游泳”这个行为本身具有危险性，而后者则更强调在河里游泳这种情况通常是危险的。
动词 ing 形式做主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
这是因为主语是一个单数的概念。
比如，“Playing football makes him happy”（踢足球让他开心。
）“makes”是第三人称单数形式，与主语“playing football”保持一致。
动词ing的三种用法
动词ing的三种用法在英语学习中，动词 ing 形式是一个非常重要的语法点。
它的用法多样，灵活且实用。
下面，让我们一起来详细了解动词 ing 的三种常见用法。
一、作主语动词 ing 形式可以充当句子的主语，表示某个动作或行为。
这种用法通常强调这个动作本身。
例如，“Swimming is my favorite sport”（游泳是我最喜欢的运动。
）在这个句子中，“swimming”就是动词 ing 形式作主语，强调“游泳”这个活动。
再比如，“Reading books can broaden our horizons”（读书能够拓宽我们的视野。
）这里的“reading books”作主语，突出“读书”这一行为的作用。
需要注意的是，当动词 ing 形式作主语时，谓语动词通常要用单数形式。
这是因为此时主语被视为一个整体的动作或概念。
二、作宾语动词 ing 形式也常常被用作宾语，常见的动词如 enjoy（喜欢），finish（完成），practice（练习），mind（介意）等后面都可以接动词ing 形式作宾语。
比如说，“I enjoy reading novels in my spare time”（我空闲时间喜欢读小说。
）“enjoy”后面接“reading”，表明喜欢的是“读小说”这个动作。
“Have you finished doing your homework?”（你完成作业了吗？）“finish”后面接“doing”，强调完成的是“做作业”这件事。
“She practices playing the piano every day”（她每天练习弹钢琴。
）“practices”后接“playing”，体现了练习的是“弹钢琴”的行为。
另外，介词后面也通常接动词 ing 形式作宾语。
例如，“He is goodat singing”（他擅长唱歌。
）“at”是介词，后面接“singing”。
三、作定语动词 ing 形式还能用作定语，修饰名词，表示被修饰名词的用途、性质或正在进行的动作。
2019外研版高中英语必修一第03讲 非谓语动词
第03讲非谓语动词【学习目标】1.掌非谓语动词的基形式和考点。
2.学生初步会辨认非谓语动词。
3.学生会做简单的高考试题。
【基础知识】1、定义要弄清：什么是谓语动词？She won the gold medal of the 2008 Olympic games .切记：在一个简单句中有且只能有一个谓语动词。
什么又是非谓语动词？非谓语动词长什么样子？试着分析下面的句子成分。
The wise man always encourages his students to learn more and think more .Learning English well is not a big deal .I am used to getting up early in the morning .To make more progress in English learning , she decides to study even harder than before .I often see some children play games under the tree .China is a developing country ,and the US is a developed country .非谓语动词的三种形式有：_____________ ____________ _____________【考点剖析】考点一：不定式功能例句主语To speak English well isn’t an easy job.宾语They decided to change their mind.宾语补足语He helps the little girl to finish her homework every day.定语He is always the first to come and the last to leave.表语Our plan is to set up another middle school for the children.状语目的Every morning he gets up very early to exercise.结果He arrived at the airport to learn the filght had aleardy gone动词不定式的形式主动被动一般式(not)to do (not)to be done进行式(not)to be doing (not)to be being done完成式(not)to have done (not)to have been done例1．【单句填空】1.______ for her college education, she spent two years working as a cleaner for a rich family in her neighborhood.A. PayingB. PaidC. To payD. Being paid2.So I attempted (translate) through the things they were familiar with.3.Sometimes, by caring only about the cups, we fail(enjoy)the coffee.4.The event serves not only as a spectacular ceremony to commemorate the world-famous Chinese philosopher, buta chance(celebrate) Chinese culture together with other local communities.5.His new idea was(make)the shell shapes on the roof into the shape of a ball.6.In the Song Dynasty, people loaded gunpowder on a kite (attack)the enemy by flying it into the sky above the enemy camp, where it exploded and caused chaos.7.They lose weight for a while, only (gain) more when they stop the program.8.Goals can help you do and experience everything you want in life and goals allow you(make) your life happen.考点二：doing动词-ing形式包括了传统语法中所说的动名词(gerund)和现在分词(present participle)。
动词的ing形式作主语和宾语
It is a waste of time .
It is/was pleasant doing sth 做……是有乐趣。
It is pleasant .
B. 动词的ing形式作表语
1 表示主语的内容。此时，主语表语位置可互换
Her job is keeping the baby. =Keeping the baby is his job.
2 表示主语具有的特征
The problem is quite puzzling.
动词的ing形式作宾语
It is worthwhile spending money on education.
3.在教育上花钱是值得的。
Many children are fond of playing football.
4.很多孩子喜欢踢足球。
Have you finished reading that book?
Pay attention: 词组can't help后必须接动词的ing形式
×
Pay attention: 介词to后面的动词要用ing形式
We look forward to see you.
We look forward to seeing you.
Correct or not?
×
D. 动词的ing形式的复合结构
动词-ing形式的否定形式：
什么是主语(subject)？ 什么是宾语 (object)？
He likes his dog.
主语
宾语
Swimming is my interest.
01
I like reading. 主语 宾语
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第03讲动词ing形式作主语1．了解动词ing形式作主语的概念和用法。
2．可以依据本节课的内容来完成一些习题。
1、关于动词ing形式的根本状况(1)．动词ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式，包括现在分词和动名词两种。
动词ing形式在句中的语法作用：动名词在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语，现在分词在句中作状语、宾语补足语和定语。
(2)．动词ing形式的时态和语态。
Reading aloud is a good way to learn a language.大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。
Having studied his lessons very hard, he passed the exam.努力学习了功课, 他通过了考试。
The building being built now will be finished next month.正在建设的建筑物下个月将完工。
Having been laughed at for his lameness, the boy became shy and inhibited.那男孩因跛脚被人嘲笑, 变得羞怯。
【归纳用法】2、动词ing形式作主语(1)．动词ing形式作主语Saying is one thing, and doing is another.说是一回事，而做是另一回事。
Having a walk every day helps to make one keep healthy.每天漫步有助于一个人保持健康。
【归纳用法】动词ing形式作主语，往往表示常常性、习惯性的动作，通常置于句首。
[名师点津]动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Climbing mountains is really difficult for the old.对于老人来说爬山的确困难。
(2)形式主语it代替动词ing形式作主语。
It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us.劝告这种人参加我们是铺张时间。
It is no good/use regretting for the past.懊悔过去是没用的。
【归纳用法】此类句式常见的有：It's a waste of time doing sth.做某事是铺张时间It's useless/worthwhile doing sth.做某事没用/是值得的3、动词ing的复合结构作主语动名词的复合结构作主语。
形式通常有两种：Their ing to help was a great encouragement to us.他们前来关心对我们来说是巨大的鼓舞。
His/Tom's being late made the teacher very angry.他的/汤姆的迟到使老师很生气。
Jerry's not arriving on time made the people present angry.杰里未能按时到达令在场的人很生气。
【归纳用法】(1)作主语的动词ing的复合结构的确定形式为：形容词性物主代词/名词的全部格＋doing...。
(2)作主语的动词ing的复合结构的否认形式为：形容词性物主代词/名词的全部格＋not doing...。
1．In recent years, ________ (rent) clothes has bee an increasingly popular trend among people of all ages. 2．_______(slide) into the habit was easy, but it was difficult to quit the habit.3．_____________(examine) twice a year, whether it is a car, a bus or a truck, is the rule that every driver should obey in this city.4．________(digitise)ancient art allows us to explore the practices of long ago.5．As I get older, ing home and ______ (be) with my entire family is the most important part of it.6．________(be) able to appreciate art is very satisfying.7．________(visit) art galleries helps you understand different cultures.8．________(draw) realistic portraits of people is very difficult.9．________(add) Beijing Opera to the basic education in China is a big step to promote traditional art.10．_________ (expose) to strong sunlight can be harmful to human skin.11．________ (design) a great flag is very difficult, as you are trying to squeeze a whole nation into a small box. 12．His ________(e) late made the teacher very angry.13．________(get) involved in a new and emerging business can be risky and also be profitable.14．________ (adapt) to school life quickly is important for freshmen, which will influence their performance. 15．It is no use______________ (reason) with him.16．________ (turn) 18 also changed the way that society viewed me.17．________(attend) training classes means costing them much money.18．Before you begin, it’s worthwhile ________(understand) the example application you’ll build.19．It’s no use ________(cry) over spilt milk.20．Many people agree that ________ (go) to a museum is a good way of learning about ancient treasures. 21．________ (play) tricks on others is something we should never do.22．________ (live) in the countryside has both advantages and disadvantages.23．________ (get) up late means missing the early bus.24．________ (collect) stamps takes a lot of his spare time.25．________ (Read)is necessary for you to expand your knowledge.26．________ (Consult)this kind of dictionary is really a piece of cake.27．In some ways, ________ (learn) to program a puter is similar to learning a new language.28．________ (make) eye contact isn’t always easy; it can feel unfortable at times, especially when you haven’t yet built a relationship with the other person.29．In a word,__________ (get) along well with your classmates is considered an important thing.30．________ (jog) through the park bees my routine.31．________(e) to Guizhou Province to teach has been quite an exciting experience for him.32．It is a waste of time ________ (persuade) him to give up the plan.33．________ (bee) aware of what causes your worry will help to reduce the stress.34．________(ignore) the differences between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.35．___________ (feed) a hungry family can be expensive.36．_______(learn) Chinese is a must, which is likely to make your living in China more fortable.37．_______(swim) is one of the best sports, which keeps me in good health.38．________ (pursue) your passion is a necessary — but not sufficientcondition for a great career, so it isessential to find your passion as a starting point.39．_____(attempt) to change someone else’s attitude towards life is a waste of time and energy.40．________(grab) this chance is what you should do now.41．________ (watch) the dolphin and sea lion shows is both educational and fun.42．_______________ (plant) more trees is good for human’s health.43．________(occupy) in designing a new robot caused the girl to have no time to play.44．________(know) how to think clearly and how to speak correctly gives one confidence.45．_______ (travel) is interesting but tiring.46．Doing exercise outdoors rather than ________ (go) on diets helps to keep you slim.47．In Chinese culture,_____(point) at others with a finger is considered to be impolite.48．________(strength) social development is an important guarantee of maintaining social harmony and stability. 49．Simply ________ (say) thank you doesn’t seem enough in certain situations.50．What’s more, ________ (do) housework can be a form of mental relaxation from study.51．________(take) regular exercise is good for our health.52．As I have mentioned, ________ (devote) my energy to teaching in the distant village is my desire after I retire. 53．Mary’s ________(marry) such an old man made us all surprised.54．__________(invite) to the evening party is a great honor for me.55．Look at the sign. There is no__________(swim) here.56．Not__________(give) enough praise can be just as damaging as giving too much.57．Connecting to the munity as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services ________ (provide) a real joy.58．It is worthwhile for the young man ________ (pare) the two designs.59．____(set) goals will make you have more confidence in yourself.60．It is agreed that ________(read) is one of the most effective ways to enlarge our vocabulary.参考答案：1．renting【详解】考查非谓语动词。