对外经济贸易大学考博英语新题型及其解析

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对外经济贸易大学考博英语阅读长难句解析1

对外经济贸易大学考博英语阅读长难句解析1本文针对历年考博英语真题长难句部分进行详解，希望对2015年考博的同学提供一点帮助。

1.The American economic system is,organized around a basicallyprivate-enterprise,market-oriented economy in which consumerslargely determine what shall be produced by spending their money inthe marketplace for those goods and services that they want most.[参考译文]美国的经济是以基本的私有企业和市场导向经济为架构的，在这种经济中，消费者很大程度上通过在市场上为那些他们最想要的货品和服务付费来决定什么应该被制造出来。

2.Thus,in the American economic system it is the demand ofindividual consumers,coupled with the desire of businessmen tomaximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize theirincomes,that together determine what shall be produced and howresources are used to produce it.[参考译文]因此，在美国的经济体系中，个体消费者的需求与商人试图最大化其利润的欲望和个人想最大化其收入效用的欲望相结合，一起决定了什么应该被制造，以及资源如何被用来制造它们。

（PS:The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-liu jiu qi ba QQ:772678537)3.If,on the other hand,producing more of a commodity resultsin reducing its cost,this will tend to increase the supply offeredby seller-producers,which in turn will lower the price and permitmore consumers to buy the product.[参考译文]另一方面，如果大量制造某种商品导致其成本下降，那么这就有可能增加卖方和制造商能提供的供给，而这也就会反过来降低价格并允许更多的消费者购买产品。

对外经济贸易大学考博英语阅读理解真题指导

对外经济贸易大学考博英语阅读理解真题指导In the early1960s Wilt Chamberlain was one of only three playersin the National Basketball Association(NBA)listed at over seven feet.If he had played last season,however,he would have been one of42.The bodies playing major professional sports have changeddramatically over the years,and managers have been more than willingto adjust team uniforms to fit the growing numbers of bigger,longerframes.The trend in sports,though,may be obscuring an unrecognizedreality:Americans have generally stopped growing.Though typicallyabout two inches taller now than140years ago,today's people-especially those born to families who have lived in the U.S.for manygenerations-apparently reached their limit in the early1960s.Andthey aren't likely to get any taller."In the general population today,at this genetic,environmental level,we've pretty much gone as faras we can go,"says anthropologist William Cameron Chumlea of WrightState University.In the case of NBA players,their increase in heightappears to result from the increasingly common practice of recruitingplayers from all over the world.（PS:The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-liu jiu qi ba QQ:772678537) Growth,which rarely continues beyond the age of20,demandscalories and nutrients-notably,protein-to feed expanding tissues.At the start of the20th century,under-nutrition and childhoodinfections got in the way.But as diet and health improved,childrenand adolescents have,on average,increased in height by about an inchand a half every20years,a pattern known as the secular trend in height.Yet according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,average height-5′9″for men,5′4″for women-hasn't really changed since1960.Genetically speaking,there are advantages to avoiding substantial height.During childbirth,larger babies have more difficulty passing through the birth canal.Moreover,even though humans have been upright for millions of years,our feet and back continue to struggle with bipedal posture and cannot easily withstand repeated strain imposed by oversize limbs."There are some real constraints that are set by the genetic architecture of the individual organism,"says anthropologist William Leonard of Northwestern University.Genetic maximums can change,but don't expect this to happen soon. Claire C.Gordon,senior anthropologist at the Army Research Center in Natick,Mass.,ensures that90percent of the uniforms and workstations fit recruits without alteration.She says that,unlike those for basketball,the length of military uniforms has not changed for some time.And if you need to predict human height in the near future to design a piece of equipment,Gordon says that by and large, "you could use today's data and feel fairly confident."31.Wilt Chamberlain is cited as an example to[A]illustrate the change of height of NBA players.[B]show the popularity of NBA players in the U.S..[C]compare different generations of NBA players.[D]assess the achievements of famous NBA players.32.Which of the following plays a key role in body growth according to the text?[A]Genetic modification.[B]Natural environment.[C]Living standards.[D]Daily exercise.33.On which of the following statements would the author most probably agree?[A]Non-Americans add to the average height of the nation.[B]Human height is conditioned by the upright posture.[C]Americans are the tallest on average in the world.[D]Larger babies tend to become taller in adulthood.34.We learn from the last paragraph that in the near future[A]the garment industry will reconsider the uniform size.[B]the design of military uniforms will remain unchanged.[C]genetic testing will be employed in selecting sportsmen.[D]the existing data of human height will still be applicable.35.The text intends to tell us that[A]the change of human height follows a cyclic pattern.[B]human height is becoming even more predictable.[C]Americans have reached their genetic growth limit.[D]the genetic pattern of Americans has altered.本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-外交学院考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：26

2022年考研考博-考博英语-外交学院考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题No longer are these considered arcane questions that draw scrutiny only from the few Washingtonians who read the “notices of proposed rule-making” in the Federal Reserve.问题1选项A.feasibleB.challengingC.little-knownD.hidden【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。

A选项feasible“可行的；可能的；可实行的”；B选项challenging“挑战的；引起挑战性兴趣的”；C选项little-known“鲜为人知的；很少人知的”；D选项hidden“隐藏的”。

句意：这些被认为是晦涩难懂的问题，不再只会引起少数读过美联储的“拟议规则制定通知”华盛顿人的关注。

arcane“神秘的；晦涩难解的；秘传的”，C选项与该词意思最相近，因此C选项正确。

2.单选题With so much focus on the Ohio energy firm whose lapses may have triggered the blackout of 2003, it’s been hard to remember that the real question is not how it started, but why it spread so far and so fast. Rather than tackle that question head-on, most commentators have reached for the usual metaphors: it was a chain reaction, a cascading failures domino effect. All of these are borrowed from the physical sciences. Maybe a better way to look at it is in biological terms.We already use the language of epidemiology when we speak of “viruses” propagating across the Internet, “infecting” our computer. Likewise, it’s tempting to view the blackout, spreading from link to link along the power grid, as a pernicious kind of electrical contagion. But that’s not quite the right metaphor, either. The blackout was not caused by an infectious electrical disease; it was caused by the grid’s immune response to the threat of such a disease. In other words, the grid suffered a violent allergic reaction, a sort of anaphylactic shock.Just as the symptoms of a severe allergic reaction are caused not by the offending bee who stings itself but by the overzealous response of the body’s immune system to it, so the blackout was aggravated by the grid’s attempt to defend itse lf, one power station at a time. Threatened by a torrent of electrical energy gone berserker overwhelmed by the sudden loads placed on it, each power plant in turn tripped its circuit breakers, detaching itself from the grid. Though this strategy achieved its desired aim-saving each plant’s generator from being damaged—it was too myopic to serve the best interests of the grid as a whole.What is needed is a more subtle, coordinated mode of response. When our own immune systems are performing at their best, they orchestrate their defenses through countless chemical conversations among T-cells and antibodies, enabling these defenders to calibrate their response to pathogens. In the same way, the thousands of power plants substations in the grid need to be able to communicate with one another when any part of the system is breached, so they can collectively decide which circuit breakers should be tripped and which can safely remain intact.The technology necessary to achieve this has existed for about a decade. It relies on computer, sensors and protective devices tied together by optical fiber so that all parts of the grid would be able to talk to one another at the speed of light-fast enough to get ahead of an onrushing blackout and confine it.The sensors would continuously monitor the voltage, frequency and other important characteristics of the electricity coursing through the transmission lines. When a line appeared at risk of being overloaded, a computer would decide whether to switch on a protective device. At present, such decisions are made purely parochially. Power plants defend themselves first, and don’t worry about the consequences for neighboring plants on the grid. Nor do they consider any potentially helpful or harmful actions that those neighbors might be taking at the same time.In the new approach, each plant would have nearly instantaneous information about all the other plants and power lines in its extended neighborhood. Everyone would know what everyone else was doing and thinking. As threats arose (either from random failures or malicious attacks), the sensors would fire a flurry of warning signals down the optical fibers, and the networked computers would decide which protective devices to activate to contain the threat most effectively. The grid would then be responding as an integrated entity, not as a ragtag collection of selfish units. It would look a lot like an organism defending itself. Granted, such a distributed control system would cost billions of dollars and, in this era of deregulation, there would be little incentive for energy companies to join forces and build it, especially when the big money is in power generation. But the construction of a system wide immune network would be well worth the cost. Without it, our overburdened grid is likely to fail more and more often, and might even collapse, with costs that would be incalculable, both economically and in terms of national security. State and federal governments need to step in and provide incentives for utilities to do the right thing.Of course, even if this new kind of smart defense system were to be built someday, one can already imagine an insidious disorder that might eventually outsmart it and afflict it, a catastrophic disruption of the immune system itself, rather than the grid it’s supposed toprotect. Such a thing would be the technological analog of AIDS.A grim prospect, perhaps, but a realistic one. We need to stop pretending that the grid is ever going to be a perfectible machine. Just as bacteria eventually develop resistance to the antibiotics used to kill them, the defense of the grid will require ever-more inventive strategies on our part. We should recognize that the power grid needs to evolve and adapt, just like any other successful living creature.1. In t he author’s opinion, which of the following is an appropriate description for why the blackout of 2003 spread so far and so fast?（）2. The author’s attitude towards the views made by most commentators on the blackout of 2003 is（）.3. The article says the best way to prevent such a blackout from happening in the future is to（）.4. Setting up a distributed control system for the grid would be（）.5. The article points out that the proposed preventive measures against blackouts（）.问题1选项A.A cascading failure.B.An electrical contagion.C.A severe allergic reaction.D.An attack by viruses.问题2选项A.positiveB.negativeC.neutralD.sarcastic问题3选项A.develop a new system to coordinate all plantsB.build a better system to make each plant more sensitiveC.make each plant more independent of other plantsD.suspend power when the system is overloaded问题4选项A.welcomed by all energy companiesB.unattractive to energy companieseless to prevent such a blackoutD.harmful to national security问题5选项A.must cause a catastrophic disruption of the power gridB.are going to be perfect through repeated practiceC.appear to be realistic but in fact are not feasibleD.are ejected to improve as time goes by【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:B第4题:B第5题:C【解析】1.细节事实题。

对外经济贸易大学考博英语阅读真题解析

对外经济贸易大学考博英语阅读真题解析Text3The rough guide to marketing success used to be that you got whatyou paid for.No longer.While traditional“paid”media–such astelevision commercials and print advertisements–still play a majorrole,companies today can exploit many alternative forms of media.Consumers passionate about a product may create"earned"media bywillingly promoting it to friends,and a company may leverage“owned”media by sending e-mail alerts about products and sales tocustomers registered with its Web site.In fact，the way consumersnow approach the process of making purchase decisions means thatmarketing's impact stems from a broad range of factors beyondconventional paid media.过去，市场营销的成功诀窍简而言之就是一分钱一分货。

然而时过境迁。

虽然传统的“付费”(paid)媒介，比如电视和广播广告、平面广告和路边广告牌等，仍然扮演着重要角色，但企业如今还可以利用许多其他形式的媒介。

比如，痴迷于某种产品的消费者，可能会乐意将之推荐给朋友，从而为企业创造因产品的优良品质带来的“无偿”(earned)媒介。

对外经济贸易大学考博英语阅读长难句解析5

对外经济贸易大学考博英语阅读长难句解析5本文针对历年考博英语真题长难句部分进行详解，希望对2015年考博的同学提供一点帮助。

71.But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notesthat a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarianofficer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river--and thento find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and theweights of the officers,"Pluff!Pluff!"A hundred and eighty-fivekilograms."[参考译文]但当我们先是从注释中得知某诗行讲述了一个土耳其军官和一个保加利亚军官在桥上动手打架并双双掉进河里，而后却发现该行诗中不过只充斥着"扑通，扑通，185公斤重"这类对他们落水时的动静以及对军官们体重的描写时，我们不免感到困惑不安。

72.The coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry ofwomen into the male-domiated job market have limited theopportunities of teen-agers who are already questioning the heavypersonal sacrifices involved in climbing Janpan"s rigid social ladderto good schools and jobs.（PS:The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-liu jiu qi ba QQ:772678537) [参考译文]战后婴儿潮一代的步入成年以及女性打入男性主导的劳动力市场使得青少年的发展机会变得极为有限，他们已经在不停地质疑为了爬上日本国内那通往优秀学校和体面工作的严酷的社会阶梯而做出的巨大的个人牺牲。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-对外经济贸易大学考试预测题精选专练VII(附带答案)卷6

2022年考研考博-考博英语-对外经济贸易大学考试预测题精选专练VII（附带答案）第1套一.综合题(共25题)1.问答题The (A) fantastic achievements of modern technology and the speed (B) with which scientific discoveries are (C) translated into technological applications (D) attest to the triumph of human efforts.【答案】B；“with”改为“at”。

【解析】考查固定搭配。

句意：现代技术的惊人成就和科学发现转化为技术应用的速度证明了人类努力的胜利。

句中“with which”引导定语从句，修饰先行词“speed”，因为有固定搭配“at the speed”表示“以……的速度”，所以将B项的介词“with”改为“at”。

2.问答题Hurricanes, house fires, cancer, white-water rafting accidents, plane crashes, vicious attacks in dark archways. Nobody asks for any of it. But to their surprise, many people find that enduring such an ordeal ultimately changes them for the better. Their opinion might be something like this: “I wish it hadn’t happened, but I’m a better person for it.”reports of disaster; there is a built—in human capacity to flourish under the most difficult circumstances. Positive reactions to profoundly disturbing experiences are not limited to the toughest or the bravest. In fact, roughly half of the people who struggle with adversity say that their lives have in some ways improved.In a dark room in Queens, New York, 31-year-old fashion designer Tracy Cyr believed she was dying. A few months before, she had stopped taking the powerful immune-suppressing drugs that kept her arthritis（2） check. She never anticipated what would happen: a withdrawal reaction that eventually left her in total body agony and neurological meltdown. The slightest movement-trying to swallow, for example- was excruciating. Even the pressure of her check on the pillow was almost unbearable.Cyr is no wimp-diagnosed with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis at the age of two, she’d endured the symptoms and the treatments (drugs, surgery) her whole life. But this time, she was way past her limits, and nothing her doctors did seemed to help. Either the disease was going to kill her or, pretty soon, she’d have to kill herself.As her sleepless nights wore on, though, her suicidal thoughts began to be interrupted by new feelings of gratitude. She was still in agony, but a new consciousness grew stronger each night: an awesome sense of liberation, combined with an all-encompassing feeling of sympathy and compassion. “I felt stripped（3）everything I’d ever identified myself with,” she said six months later. “Everything I thought I’d known or believed in was useless-time, money, self-image, perception that was so forcing.”Within a few months, she began to be able to move more freely, thanks to a cocktail of steroids and other drugs. But as her physical strength came back, she did not return to her old way of being as a feisty, demanding “sex-in-the-City, three-inch-stilettos-and-fishnets” girl. Now quieter and more tolerant, she makes a point of being submissive in a tum-the-other cheek kind of way. Cyr still takes a pharmacopoeia of drugs every day, but she says there’s no question that her life is better now. “I felt I had been shown the secret of life and why we’re here, to be happy and to nurture other life. It’s that simple.”Her mind-blowing experience came as a total surprise. But that feeling of transformation is in some ways typical, says Rich Tedeschi, a professor of psychology at the University of North Carolina in Charlotte who coined the term “post-traumatic growth”，His studies of people who have endured extreme events like combat, violent crime or sudden serious illness show that most feel dazed and anxious in the immediate aftermath. They are preoccupied with the idea that their lives have been shattered. A few people are haunted long afterward by memory problems, sleep trouble and similar symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. But Tedeschi and others have found that for many people—perhaps even the majority life ultimately becomes richer and more gratifying.Something similar happens to many people who experience a terrifying physical threat. In that moment, our sense of invulnerability is pierced, and the self-protective mental armor that normally stands between us and our perceptions of the world is tom away. Our everyday life scripts---our habits, self-perceptions and assumptions-go out the window, and we’re left with a raw experience of the world.Still, actually implementing these changes, as well as fully coming to terms（4）the new reality, usually takes conscious effort. Being willing and able to take on this process isEventually, they may find themselves freed in ways they never imagined. Survivors often say they become more tolerant and forgiving（5）others, capable of bringing peace to formerly troubled relationships. They say that material ambitions suddenly seemed silly and the pleasures of friends and family became paramount-and that the crisis allowed them to reorganize life in line with the new priorities. People who have grown（6）adversity often feel much less fear, despite the frightening things they’ve been through. They are surprised by their own strength, confident that they can handle whatever else life throws at them. “People don’t say that what they went through was won derful,n says Tedeschi. “They weren’t meaning to grow from it. They were just trying to survive. But in retrospect, what they gained was more than they even anticipated.”In his recent book Satisfaction, Emory University psychiatrist Gregory Bens points to extreme endurance athletes who push themselves to their physical limits for days at a time. They cycle through the same sequence of sensations as do trauma survivors; self-loss, confusion and, finally, a new sense of mastery. For ultramarathoners, who regularly run 100-mile races that last more than 24 hours, vomiting and hallucinating are normal. After a day and night of running without stopping or sleeping, competitors sometimes forget who they are and what they’re doing.But the feeling of mastering extraordinary difficulty makes up for it, reports Honolulu businessman Randy Havre. Havre, 51, found this feeling near the summit of Mauna Kea nearly 10 years ago. He was nearing the end of a 44-mile race that took him from sea level to the top of the volcano-a vertical ascent of 13,766 feet. He was on his way to setting the unofficial world record for the climb, but the high elevation was starting to get（7） him.“When you get to about 10,000 feet, things tend to get a little weird because of the swelling a nd pressure on your brain,” he says. “Above that, it gets exponentially weirder. I remember busting out crying at 12,000 feet. But if you can finish these things, you know; Hey, I can get through this stuff. You were able to hang（8）there, and you’re stronger for that.”The emotional reward can compensate for the pain and difficulty of adversity. This perspective does not cancel（9）what happened, but it puts it all in a different context: that it’s possible to live an extraordinarily rewarding life even within the constraints and struggles we face. In some form or other, says King, we all must go（10）this realization. “You’re not going to be the person you thought you were, but here’s who you are going to be instead- and that turns out to be a pretty g reat life.”Fill in each blank in the article with an appropriate preposition (介词).Read the article carefully and explain the meaning of the words according to the context. tribulations (in paragraph 2)adversity (in paragraph 2)withdrawal (in paragraph 3)excruciating (in paragraph 3)wimp (in paragraph 4)aftermath (in paragraph 7)gratifying (in paragraph 7)exponentially (in paragraph 14)According to Rich Tedeschi, a professor of psychology at the University North Carolina in Charlotte, there is a phenomenon called “post-trauma growth”. What does it mean?【答案】1.考查介词搭配。

贸大考博辅导班：2019对外经济贸易大学英语语言文学考博难度解析及经验分享

贸大考博辅导班：2019对外经济贸易大学英语语言文学考博难度解析及经验分享根据教育部学位与研究生教育发展中心最新公布的第四轮学科评估结果可知，在科教评价网版2017-2018英语语言文学专业大学排名中，英语语言文学专业排名第一的是北京大学，排名第二的是北京外国语大学，排名第三的是上海外国语大学。

作为对外经济贸易大学实施国家“211工程”和“985工程”的重点学科，对外经济贸易大学的英语语言文学一级学科在历次全国学科评估中均名列第十二。

下面是启道考博整理的关于对外经济贸易大学英语语言文学考博相关内容。

一、专业介绍英语语言文学专业培养专业功底扎实、专业技能熟练、知识结构完善、国际视野宏阔、具有良好人文修养和深厚人文情怀、具有较强思辨力、领导力和创新力的通用型国际化高端英语人才。

对外经济贸易大学英语学院的英语语言文学专业在博士招生方面，分为3个研究方向050201英语语言文学研究方向：01英美文学02翻译学03口译研究考试科目：第一阶段考试（初试）①1101 英语②2204 二阶段专业基础课考核③3301 二阶段专业综合考核（复试中进行）二、考试内容对外经济贸易大学英语语言文学专业博士研究生招生考试分为两个阶段。

其中，综合考核内容为:（一）第一阶段考试（初试）1.第一阶段考试拟定时间：2019年3月16日。

（以准考证时间为准）2.第一阶段考试科目：经管类、政治学类专业：①公共英语+②专业基础课；其他专业(法学院、英语学院、外语学院各专业)：①公共英语。

具体可查看《博士入学考试第一阶段初试科目大纲及题型结构》。

“2202经济数学综合”科目适用于国际经济贸易学院和统计学院，为可选项，考生可在“2201经济学基础”和“2202经济数学综合”中二选一，其他经济类专业基础课只考“2201经济学基础”。

3.考试地点：对外经济贸易大学校内。

（二）第二阶段考试1.第二阶段考试资格确定办法我校将根据第一阶段的考试成绩，划定进入第二阶段考核的资格线，只有达到资格线的考生方可进入第二阶段考核，请考生考后及时关注我校研究生院主页相关通知。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-外交学院考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：52

2022年考研考博-考博英语-外交学院考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题After the Democratic shellacking in the midterm election, everyone wondered how President Obama would respond.问题1选项A.fanfareB.fiascoC.facadeD.fantasy【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。

A选项fanfare“（仪式上庆祝或欢迎重要人物到场时）号角齐鸣，嘹亮短曲；大张旗鼓宣扬，热议”；B选项fiasco“惨败；大惨败；泥鸽靶”；C选项facade“正面；表面；外观”；D选项fantasy“幻想；白日梦；幻觉”。

句意：民主党在中期选举中落败后，每个人都想知道奥巴马总统会作何反应。

shellacking“殴打；彻底击败”，B选项与该词意思最相近，因此B选项正确。

2.单选题I don’t believe you are going to have the ma tter looked into today,（）?问题1选项A.are youB.do youC.aren’t youD.don’t you【答案】A【解析】考查反义疑问句用法。

题干属于陈述部分为主从复合句的反义疑问句。

一般有两种情况：当陈述部分为主从复合句“主语+从句”时，疑问部分一般应与主句保持一致，如He knows that where I live, doesn’t he？；当陈述部分为I think（believe, suppose）that...等时，疑问部分通常与从句保持一致，如I don’t think he will come, will he? 题干陈述部分为I don’t believe (that)...从句部分为you are going to have...，因此A选项正确。

对外经济贸易大学考博英语真题答案

对外经济贸易大学考博英语真题答案Section I Use of English1、【答案】B concluded【解析】题干中，一系列的研究已经_____，事实上，正常体重的人的患病风险要高于超重的人。

根据句义，后面的部分实际上是研究的结论，因此concluded符合题意，其他选项denied(否认)与意义相反，doubled(翻倍)与题意较远，ensured(确保)不符合题意，因为研究不能确保后面的事实，只能得出后面的事实作为结论。

所以正确答案为B。

2、【答案】A protective【解析】题干中，对于某些健康情况，超重事实上是有_____。

根据前文研究的结论，超重能减少罹患疾病的风险，说明超重具有一定的保护作用。

Dangerous和文章意思相反，sufficient表示充足，troublesome表示有麻烦，不符合题意，所以正确答案为A。

（PS:The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-liu jiu qi ba QQ:772678537)3、【答案】C likewise【解析】第三句话中，较重的女人患缺钙的比例低于较瘦的女人。

_____，在老年人中，一定程度上超重……。

需要填入的是和前半句表示顺接的词语。

A选项instead表示逆接的句意关系，B选项however也表示逆接，D选项therefore表示因此，只有C选项likewise意为同样地;也，而且。

因此正确答案为C。

4、【答案】A indicator【解析】本句话中，_____，一定程度上超重，经常是健康的_____。

A 选项，表示指示器，指标。

B选项objective表示客观;C选项origin表示来源，D选项example表示例子。

根据前面的文章内容，已经明确指出超重代表了健康，因此超重是健康的指标。

因此正确答案为A。

5、【答案】D concern【解析】本句话的句意是，需要更加_____是，很难对肥胖加以定义。

对外经济贸易大学考博英语阅读长难句解析5

对外经济贸易大学考博英语阅读长难句解析5本文针对历年考博英语真题长难句部分进行详解，希望对2015年考博的同学提供一点帮助。

对外经济贸易大学考博英语阅读长难句解析2

对外经济贸易大学考博英语阅读长难句解析2本文针对历年考博英语真题长难句部分进行详解，希望对2013年考博的同学提供一点帮助。

41.The most thrilling explanation is,unfortunately,a littledefective.Some economists argue that powerful structural changes inthe world have upended the old economic models that were based uponthe historical link between growth and inflation.[参考译文]很不幸，这最令人震惊的解释有一点缺陷。

一些经济学家认为世界经济结构的强有力的变化已经结束了那个以经济增长和通货膨胀的历史关联为基础的旧的经济模式。

42.The Aswan Dam,for example,stopped the Nile flooding butdeprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left-all in return fora giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barelygenerates electricity.（PS:The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-liu jiu qi ba QQ:772678537) [参考译文]例如，阿斯旺大坝使得尼罗河不再洪水泛滥，但是它也夺去了埃及以前所享有的洪水留下的肥沃淤泥--这些换宋的就是这么个疾病滋生的水库，现在这个水库积满了淤泥，几乎不能发电了。

43.New ways of organizing the workplace--all that re-engineeringand downsizing--are only one contribution to the overall productivityof an economy,which is driven by many other factors such as jointinvestment in equipment and machinery,new technology,and investmentin education and training,[参考译文]企业重组的新方法--所有那些重新设计、缩小规模的做法--只是对一个经济的整体生产力做出了一方面的贡献。

对外经济贸易大学考博英语模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)

对外经济贸易大学考博英语模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Error Identification 3. Cloze 4. Proofreading 5. Chinese-English TranslationStructure and V ocabulary1．Everyone must have liked the cake because there wasn’t even a ______left.A．crutchB．chipC．chopD．clip正确答案：B解析：本题是一道词义辨析题，crutch含义为“支柱，叉柱”；chip含义为“碎片，碎屑”；chop含义为“一块排骨”；clip含义为“夹钳”。

根据句意，本题应该选B。

2．Mary ______when she found her husband drunk again.A．blew her topB．became abnormalC．was affectedD．in opposition正确答案：A解析：本题是一道词义辨析题，blow one’s top含义为“发脾气”；become abnormal含义为“变得反常”；be affected含义为“被影响”；in opposition含义为“反对”。

根据句意，A最适合。

3．During the famine many people ______eating grass and leaves.A．felt inclined toB．were confronted withC．got accustomed toD．were reduced to正确答案：D解析：本题是一道词义辨析题，come on含义为“跟着来”；come off含义为“离开”；come out含义为“出来”；come up含义为“偶然获得”。

根据句意，D 最合适。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-外交学院考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：86

2022年考研考博-考博英语-外交学院考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Beneath the rhetoric about who is practicing a purer form of the sport is a nasty battle over who will dominate access to the rocks——aficionados of “sport”.问题1选项A.creatorsB.enthusiastsanizersD.advocators【答案】B【解析】考查同义名词辨析。

A选项creators“创作者，造物主”；B选项enthusiasts“热心人，热衷者，狂热者”；C选项organizers“主办单位，举办方，举办者”；D选项advocator“提倡者，拥护者”。

句意：在关于谁在练习一种更纯粹的运动形式的言辞背后，是一场关于谁将主导进入岩石运动的恶战——“体育”的狂热者。

Aficionados“迷，狂热爱好者”，B选项与该词意思最相近，因此B选项正确。

2.单选题The sailor replied in a tone as angrily as（）, that he had lost his leg abroad in defense of those who did nothing at home.问题1选项A.theyB.themC.theirD.theirs【答案】A【解析】考查代词辨析。

as angrily as they (replied)，其中replied被省略，that从句是replied 的宾语，句意：水手用和他们一样愤怒的声调回答说，他在国外失去了一条腿，是为了保护那些在国内毫无作为的人。

因此A选项正确。

3.单选题Several guests were waiting in the（）for the front door to open.问题1选项A.porchB.ventC.inletD.entry【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-对外经济贸易大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第60期

2022年考研考博-考博英语-对外经济贸易大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.翻译题Translate the following into English20年来，中国从工业化、城镇化加快发展的国情出发，不断丰富可持续发展的内涵，积极应对国内外环境的复杂变化和一系列重大挑战，实现了经济平稳较快发展、人民生活显著改善，在控制人口总量、提高人口素质、节约资源和保护环境等方面取得了积极进展。

同时，作为一个发展中国家，中国人口众多、‘生态脆弱、人均资源占有不足，人均国内生产总值尚排在全球百位左右，仍有1.22亿贫困人口，资源环境对经济发展的约束增强，区域发展不平衡问题突出，科技创新能力不强，改善民生的任务十分艰巨。

【答案】Over the past 20 years, China, based on its national conditions of being in the accelerated industrialization and urbanization processes, has enriched the connotations of sustainable development, actively responded to the complex changes in the environment at home and abroad and a series of major challenges, and achieved steady and rapid economic development, higher people’s living standards, and remarkable progress in population control, population quality improvement, resources conservation and environmental protection. On the other hand, as a developing country with a large population, China is faced with ecological fragility and inadequate per capita resources. Its per capita gross domestic product (GDP) is still ranked about 100th in the world and there are still 122 million people living in poverty. Moreover, given the severe resources and environment constrains on economic development, pronounced uneven development among regions, and weak scientific and technological innovation capacities, China still faces and arduous task of improving people’s livelihood.2.问答题In emerging economies like that in Eastern Europe, there are fears that growing joblessnessAmight encourage a move away from free-market, pro-Western policies, while in developingBcountries unemployment could bolster efforts to protect local industries at the expense of globalCDtrade.【答案】试题答案：A; those【解析】考查代词。

对外经济贸易大学考博英语翻译真题及其解析

对外经济贸易大学考博英语翻译真题及其解析1.1990年英译汉试题及参考译文People have wondered for a long time how their personalities，and behaviors are formed.It is not easy to explain why oneperson is intelligent and another is not，or why one is cooperative and another is competitive.Social scientists are，of course，extremely interested in these types of questions.（61）They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behaviors.There are no clear answers yet，but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have developed.As one might expect，the two approaches are very different from each other.The controversy is often conveniently referred to asnature vs.nurture.Geng duo yuan xiao wan zheng kao bo ying yu zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xi quan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi.（62）Those who support thenatureside of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological factors.（63）That our environment has little，if anything，to do with our abilities，characteristics and behavior is central to this theory.Taken to an extreme，this theory maintains that our behavior is predetermined to such a great degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts.Those who support thenurturetheory，that is，they advocate education，are often called behaviorists.They claim that ourenvironment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act.A behaviorist，B.F.Skinner，sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings.（64）The behaviorists maintain that，like machines，humans respond to environmental stimuli as the basis of their behavior.Let us examine the different explanations about one human characteristic，intelligence，offered by the two theories.（65）Supporters of thenaturetheory insist that we are born with a certain capacity for learning that is biologically determined.Needless to say，they don’t believe that factors in the environment have much influence on what is basically a predetermined characteristic.On the other hand，behaviorists argue that our intelligence levels are the product of our experiences.（66）Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli whichdevelop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.The social and political implications of these two theories are profound.（67）In the United States，blacks often score below whites on standardized intelligence tests.This leads somenatureproponents to conclude that blacks are biologically inferior to whites.（68）Behaviorists，in contrast，say that differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often deprived of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy.Most people think neither of these theories can yet fully explain human behavior.1990年英译汉试题参考译文长期以来人们完全不知道他们的性格特征和行为模式是怎样形成的。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-外交学院考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：43

2022年考研考博-考博英语-外交学院考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Thousands of anti-capitalist protesters took（）the streets in scores of cities around the world.问题1选项A.inB.intoC.toD.off【答案】C【解析】考查动词短语辨析。

A选项take in“吸收，领会，欺骗，接待，接受，理解，拘留，欺骗，让……进入，改短”；B选项take into“考虑到，说服”；C选项take to“喜欢，走向，开始从事”；D选项take off“起飞，脱下，离开，突然成功”。

句意：成千上万的反资本主义抗议者在世界各地的城市街头上走着。

因此C选项正确。

2.单选题The biggest problem facing Chile as it promotes itself as a tourist destination to be reckoned with, is that it is at the end of the earth. It is too far south to be a convenient stop on the way to anywhere else and is much farther than a relatively cheap half-day’s flight away from the big tourist markets, unlike Mexico, for example.Chile, therefore, is having to fight hard to attract tourists, to convince travelers that it is worth coining halfway round the world to visit. But it is succeeding, not only in existing markets like the USA and Western. Europe but in new territories, in particular the Far East. Markets closer to home, however, are not being forgotten. More than 50% of visitors to Chile still come from its nearest neighbor, Argentina, where the cost of living is much higher. Like all South American countries, Chile sees tourism as a valuable earner of foreign currency, although it has been far more serious than most in promoting its image abroad. Relatively stable politic ally within the region, it has benefited from the problems suffered in other areas. In Peru, guerrilla warfare in recent years has dealt a heavy blow to the tourist industry and fear of street crime in Brazil has reduced the attraction of Rio de Janeiro as a dream destination for foreigners.More than 150,000 people are directly involved in Chile’s tour ist sector, an industry which earns the country more than US$950 million each year The state-run National Tourism Service, in partnership with a number of private companies, is currently running a world-wide campaign, taking part in trade fairs, and international events to attract visitors to Chile.Chile’s great strength as a tourist destination is its geographical diversity. From the parched Atacama Desert in the north to the Antarctic snowfields of the south, it is more than 5,000km long. With the Pacific on one side and the Andean mountains on the other, Chile boasts natural attractions. Its beaches are not up to Caribbean standards but resorts such as Vina del Mar are generally clean and unspoilt and have a high standard of services.But the trump card is the Andes mountain range. There are a number of excellent ski resorts within one hour’s drive of the capital, Santiago, and the national parks in the south are home to rare animal and plant species. The parks already attract specialist visitors, including mountaineers, who come to climb the technically difficult peaks, and fishermen, lured by the salmon and trout in the region’s rivers.However, infrastructural development in these areas is limited. The ski resorts do not have as many lifts as their European counterparts and the poor quality of roads in the south means that only the most determined travelers see the best of the national parks.Air links between Chile and the rest of the world are, at present, relatively poor. While Chile’s two largest air lines have extensive networks within South America, they operate only a small number of routes to the United States and Europe, while services to Asia are almost non-existent. Internal transport links are being improved and luxury hotels are being built in one of its national parks. Nor is development being restricted to the Andes. Easter Island and Chile’s Antarctic Territory are also on the list of areas where the Government believes it can create tourist markets.But the rush to open hitherto inaccessible areas to mass tourism is not being welcomed by everyone. Indigenous and environmental groups, including Greenpeace, say that many parts of the Andes will suffer if they become over-developed. There is a genuine fear that areas of Chile will suffer the cultural destruction witnessed in Mexico and European resorts.The policy of opening up Antarctica to tourism is also politically sensitive. Chile already has permanent settlements on the ice and many people see the decision to allow tourists there as a poli tical move, enhancing Santiago’s territorial claim over part of Antarctica.The Chilean Government has promised to respect the environment as it seeks to bring tourism to these areas. But there are immense commercial pressures to exploit the country’s tour ism potential. The Government will have to monitor developments closely if it is genuinely concerned in creating a balanced, controlled industry and if the price of an increasingly lucrative tourist market is not going to mean the loss of many of Chile’s n atural riches.1. Chile is disadvantaged in the promotion of its tourism by（）.2. Many of Chile’s tourists used to come from EXCEPT（）.3. According to the author, Chile’s greatest attraction is（）.4. According to the passage, in which area improvement is already under way?5. The objection to the development of Chile’s tourism might be all EXCEPT that it（）.问题1选项A.geographical locationB.guerrilla warfareC.political instabilityD.street crime问题2选项A.U.S .AB.the Far EastC.Western EuropeD.her neighbors问题3选项A.the unspoilt beachesB.the dry and hot desertC.the famous mountain rangeD.the high standard of services问题4选项A.Facilities in the ski resorts.B.Domestic transport system.C.Air services to Asia.D.Road network in the south.问题5选项A.is politically sensitiveB.is ambitious and unrealisticC.will bring harm to cultureD.will cause pollution in the area【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:C第4题:D第5题:B【解析】1.判断推理题。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-外交学院考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：100

2022年考研考博-考博英语-外交学院考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题This crisis will test the Prime Minister’s mettle.问题1选项A.planB.judgmentC.staminaD.knowledge【答案】C【解析】考查同义名词辨析。

A选项plan“计划，平面图”；B选项judgment“判断，裁判，判决书，辨别力”；C选项stamina“耐力，持久力，毅力”；D选项knowledge“知识，学问，知道，认识，学科”。

句意：这场危机将考验首相的勇气。

Mettle“勇气，气质，耐力”，C选项与该词意思最相近，因此D选项正确。

2.单选题Even by tightening the purse strings and cutting（）spending other than（）necessities, the average Beijing resident would still need at least 25 years to buy an apartment, the latest report shows.问题1选项A.out, onB.off, onC.out, forD.down, for【答案】D【解析】考查动词短语辨析。

cut out“删去，割掉，裁剪”；cut off“截止，中断供应，使死亡”；cut down“削减，缩短，砍倒”。

句意：最新的一份报告显示，即便是精打细算，减少生活必需品以外的支出，北京居民平均仍需要至少25年的时间才能买到一套房子。

因此D选项正确。

3.单选题The German company retained a（）position in hormone research.问题1选项A.chairB.poleC.soapD.floor【答案】B【解析】考查固定短语搭配。

对外经贸大学考博英语真题阅读理解精练

对外经贸大学考博英语真题阅读理解精练The fossil remains of the first flying vertebrates,the pterosaurs,have intrigued paleontologists for more than two centuries.How such large creatures, which weighed in some cases as much as a piloted hang-glider and had wingspans from8to12meters,solved the problems of powered flight,and exactly what these creatures were—reptiles or birds—are among the questions scientists have puzzled over.Perhaps the least controversial assertion about the pterosaurs is that they were reptiles.Their skulls,pelvises,and hind feet are reptilian.The anatomy of their wings suggests that they did not evolve into the class of birds.In pterosaurs a greatly elongated fourth finger of each forelimb supported a winglike membrane.The other fingers were short and reptilian,with sharpclaws.In birds the second finger is the principal strut of the wing,which consists primarily of feathers.If the pterosaurs walked on all fours,the three short fingers may have been employed for grasping.When a pterosaur walked or remained stationary, the fourth finger,and with it the wing,could only turn upward in an extended inverted V shape along each side of the animal’s body.The pterosaurs resembled both birds and bats in their overall structure and proportions.This is not surprising because the design of any flying vertebrate is subject to aerodynamic constraints.Both the pterosaurs and the birds have hollow bones,a feature that represents a savings in weight.In the birds,however, these bones are reinforced more massively by internal struts.Although scales typically cover reptiles,the pterosaurs probably had hairy coats.T.H.Huxley reasoned that flying vertebrates must have been warm-blooded because flying implies a high rate of metabolism,which in turn implies a high internal temperature.Huxley speculated that a coat of hair would insulate against loss of body heat and might streamline the body to reduce drag inflight.The recent discovery of a pterosaur specimen covered in long,dense,and relatively thick hairlike fossil material was the first clear evidence that his reasoning was correct.Efforts to explain how the pterosaurs became airborne have led to suggestions that they launched themselves by jumping from cliffs,by dropping from trees,or even by rising into light winds from the crests of waves.Each hypothesis has its difficulties.The first wrongly assumes that the pterosaurs’hind feet resembled a bat’s and could serve as hooks by which the animal could hang in preparation for flight.The second hypothesis seems unlikely because large pterosaurs could not have landed in trees without damaging their wings. The third calls for high waves to channel updrafts.The wind that made such waves however,might have been too strong for the pterosaurs to control their flight once airborne.（PS:The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-l iu jiu qi ba QQ:si jiu san san qi yi liu er liu）1.It can be inferred from the text that scientist now generally agree that the[A]enormous wingspan of the pterosaurs enabled them to fly great distances.[B]structure of the skeleton of the pterosaurs suggests a close evolutionary relationship to bats.[C]fossil remains of the pterosaurs reveal how they solved the problem of powered flight.[D]pterosaurs were reptiles.2.The author views the idea that the pterosaurs became airborne by rising into light winds created by waves as[A]revolutionary.[B]unlikely.[C]unassailable.[D]probable.3.According to the text,the skeleton of a pterosaur can be distinguished from that of a bird by the[A]size of its wingspan.[B]presence of hollow spaces in its bones.[C]anatomic origin of its wing strut.[D]presence of hooklike projections on its hind feet.4.The ideas attributed to T.H.Huxley in the text suggest that he would most likely agree with which of the following statements?[A]An animal’s brain size has little bearing on its ability to master complex behaviors.[B]An animal’s appearance is often influenced by environmental requirements and physical capabilities.[C]Animals within a given family group are unlikely to change their appearance dramatically over a period of time.[D]The origin of flight in vertebrates was an accidental development rather than the outcome of specialization or adaptation.5.Which of the following best describes the organization of the last paragraph of the text?[A]New evidence is introduced to support a traditional point of view.[B]Three explanations for a phenomenon are presented and each is disputed by means of specific information.[C]Three hypotheses are outlined and evidence supporting each is given.[D]Recent discoveries are described and their implications for future study are projected.[答案与考点解析]1.【答案】D【考点解析】这是一道审题定位题型。

2006年对外经济贸易大学考博英语真题及详解【圣才出品】

2006年对外经济贸易大学考博英语真题及详解IIn each question,decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked,put the letter of your choice on the Answer Sheet;choose one of the four choices marked A,B,C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence,which is substituted for the underlined word or phrase,and mark the corresponding letter of your choice on the Answer Sheet.(7.5%)1.The farmers were more anxious for rain than the people in the city because they had more at______.A.dangerB.stakeC.loseD.threat【答案】B【解析】at stake冒风险，在胜败关头。

in danger处于危险中。

2.As the cup final was drawing closer,the injury of the best player was a______for the whole team.A.misdemeanorB.mistrustC.misfortuneD.mischief【答案】C【解析】misfortune不幸，厄运。

misdemeanor罪行，程度轻的恶行。

mistrust不相信，不信任。

mischief顽皮，淘气；道德上的伤害。