北京市丰台区2019_2020学年高一英语上学期期末考试试题(含解析)
丰台区2020届高三期末英语试题及答案
丰台区2019～2020学年度第一学期期末练习高三英语2020. 01第一部分知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
AI never believed in lucky coins. But one day as I was mowing the lawn(修剪草坪), I noticed a shiny object some five yards away. I stopped the machine to go and see 1had caught my eye. Just as I bent over to pick up the object, the machine exploded behind me.I 2 (stand) there, frightened but unhurt. I 3 (save) by the shiny object—a coin. I now believe in lucky coins and stop to pick them up whenever I see them.BReading as a teen leads to success. When teens read more than just their classroom assignments, research clearly shows that they generally do 4 (good) in school. First of all, the extra reading 5 (enlarge) their vocabularies. And teens 6 read more serious literary works gain skills in handling complex ideas. Besides, teens can educate7 (they) in any area of life they are interested in if they are good at reading. Plus, reading also helps them expand their horizons as they learn more about people and the world.CA cheerful panda 8 (call) Bing Dwen Dwen has been chosen as the Olympic mascot for Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games. The new Olympic mascot will serve as an ambassador (大使)for winter sports, 9 (bring) joy to those who participate in and watch the Olympic Winter Games. “Bing” means ice and symbolizes purity and strength.“Dwen Dwen” relates to children and means10 (honest), health, liveliness and loveliness. The mascot represents the strength and willpower of athletes and will help to promote the Olympic spirit.第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
北京市2019学年高一上学期期末英语试卷含解析
高一上学期期末考试英 语注意事项：1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。
写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第I 卷（选择题）一、完形填空As a teenager, I was pretty lazy when it came to doing things for my family. I worked hard at school, and sometimes looked after my younger sister. Still, I found myself regularly resisting the urge to 1 out at home with even the simplest things.Every Wednesday afternoon, for example, my mother 2 me to another town for a piano lesson. During my two-hour lesson, she'd rush to the nearby store and buy a week's worth of 3 . Given the fact that my mom had driven me twelve miles there, twelve miles back, 4 for my lesson, and bought me a candy bar, you'd think I'd be very 5 to help her bring the groceries into the house. 6 I wasn't. I generally just brought in an armload and left the 7 for Mom as I ran to my room, shut the door, and started studying.Don't get me wrong: even back in my room, I felt 8 about not helping my mother more. Deep inside, I wanted to change my 9 But I also realized that once I did change, there'd be no going back. 10 I took on more responsibility, my parents would start 11 more of me. At age fifteen, I sensed that this one small change would 12 something much bigger: my personal change from a cared-for, spoiled (被宠坏的) child to a more 13 caring and giving young man.I'll never forget the Wednesday when I made a(n) 14 to jump in and see what happened. Returning home from the 15 I disappeared into my room, as usual. But once inside, I felt that deep and burning 16 .Throwing my school books on the bed, I suddenly opened my door and 17 back tothe garage to help my mother. How happy I felt that day!Surely, over time, I continued to help out with more housework. The neat thing was, the more I helped out, the 18 I felt about myself and my place in my family. As Mom and Dad realized they could 19on me more, our trips became far less stressful, too. In short, it was a win-win situation for everyone.Sometimes the little things we put off doing the longest 20 out to be the simplest things to complete. And feeling happy beats feeling guilty any day.1．A ．start B ．cry C ．help D ．work 2．A ．sent B ．guided C ．walked D ．drove 3．A ．fruits B ．flowers C ．groceries D ．vegetables 4．A ．fought B ．paid C ．applied D ．planned 5．A ．grateful B ．nervous C ．confident D ．unwilling 6．A ．So B ．And C ．Thus D ．But7．A ．one B ．other C ．next D ．rest8．A ．excited B ．curious C ．doubtful D ．guilty 9．A ．way B ．world C ．career D ．shape 10．A ．Once B ．Though C ．Unless D ．Since11．A ．warning B ．reminding C ．expecting D ．informing 12．A ．mark B ．tell C ．express D ．describe13．A ．energetic B ．ambitious C ．outgoing D ．responsible 14．A ．excuse B ．decision C ．statement D ．appointment 15．A ．duty B ．lesson C ．store D ．holiday 16．A ．shame B ．anger C ．delight D ．pleasure 17．A ．called B ．looked C ．headed D ．handed 18．A ．smarter B ．better C ．warmer D ．stronger 19．A ．live B ．press C ．focus D ．count 20．A ．make B ．turn C ．point D ．bring 二、阅读理解I am Henry Jekyll. I was born in the 1 800s. I inherited(继承) a large fortune, a healthy body and an excellent mind. I was naturally hard-working and soon I was very successful in my job. So the outside world saw a serious, hard-working, successful doctor. Behind this quiet character, however, was a wild, fun-loving, irresponsible young man. Both of them were me. They lived together in the same body.“Was it possible," I wondered, “to find a drug that could give each side of my character its own separate face and body?"此卷只装订不密封班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号After much thought and careful study I believed I had found the answer. I had read many scientific books and spent many hours in my laboratory, searching for the right mixture of chemicals to make my drug. At last I got everything ready.Late one night, I mixed everything together and prepared my drug. I watched the smoke rising from the liquid as its color changed from red to purple and at last to green. Then, bravely, I drank every bitter drop.I felt a violent sickness in my stomach and a terrible pain in all my bones. The room seemed to turn round and round and I trembled with fear. Then the fear and pain disappeared and a strange, sweet feeling took its place. Wild thoughts danced through my mind- the wild passions of an evil and cruel stranger. But inside myself I felt younger, light er, more carefree than ever before. "If this is pure evil," I thought, “I like it.”I stood there, enjoying these strange new thoughts and passions and suddenly realized that I was shorter. So I decided to go to my bedroom in my new body and take a look at myself in the mirror there. As I came into my room, I saw Edward Hyde for the first time.At that time, the good side of my character was stronger than the evil side. Henry Jekyll had his faults, but he was mostly a good, kind man. I believe that is the reason why Edward Hyde was so much smaller than Henry Jekyll. But that was not the only difference between the two men. Henry Jekyll had a kind, open, honest face. But pure evil stared out of Edward Hyde's eyes. I felt no dislike, however. Indeed, I welcomed him. Edward Hyde was me, young and strong and full of life.21．In others' eyes, the writer was _____________.A．wild and successful B．fun-loving and responsibleC．serious and hard-working D．quiet and irresponsible22．The writer wanted to find a drug to _____________.A．discover the right mixture of chemicalsB．observe the change of the chemicalsC．create separate bodies for both sidesD．make himself smaller but stronger23．From the passage we can learn that the writer _____________.A．was satisfied with both of his bodiesB．preferred kind Henry to pure evil EdwardC．was very sick of the shorter Edward HydeD．felt quite delighted right after taking the drugEnvelope BudgetFrom McDonald's to Sonic, fast food had a bad effect on my waistline and my budget. It was nothing to run to a drive-through to pick up a cold drink or a quick bite to eat. It was so easy to use my card for a small purchase. For me, I got a lot of satisfaction from fast food.One day I sat down and calculated that I was spending a surprising $40 a week on fast food. This was a lot of iced coffee and hamburgers! Instead of reducing my guilty pleasures, I decided to give myself a strong budget to reduce my consumption. Every Monday I placed an envelope with $20 in my purse. That was my fast food budget for the entire week. If there was anything left over at the end of the week, it was mine to save or spend. If I spent all of the money during the week, there were no more fast food stops that week.The budget made me more mindful of my purchases. Instead of purchasing a large drink from Sonic, I would purchase a small. It was sill satisfying but not nearly as pricey. Instead of eating a whole meal, I would pick the part that I actually wanted. Many days, the thought of hanging onto the money for a special purpose meant more to me than the instant satisfaction of fast food. I never really felt unhappy because it was a conscious choice to spend or save with each purchase.Envelope budget kept me honest. I had a clear idea how much money was spent each week on fast food purchases. I started to bring my lunches more often to save more money for the week. It was a fun challenge to see how much I could save every week.Changing the way I spent on fast food not only helped my budget, but improved my weight. In the first month I was able to get rid of 5 pounds by simply changing the way I approached spending on fast food. Now I am more likely to bring my lunch than to buy it. I am not upset, but empowered to make positive choices to improve my life.24．According to Paragraph 1, the author _____________.A．was fond of fast food very muchB．had no time to cook for herselfC．lived with a small amount of moneyD．got some benefits from using her card25．The author set her envelope budget to _____________.A．buy fast food at a good bargainB．save money to buy more fast foodC．get rid of the habit of eating fast foodD．make fast food spending under control26．We can infer from the last paragraph that _____________.A．it is unusual to make some changesB．the budget means a pressure on lifeC．envelope budget is good for healthD．it is hard to enjoy a healthy lifestyle27．What is the passage mainly about?A．Why the author became addicted to fast food.B．How envelope budget changed the author's life.C．How fast food controlled the author's behavior.D．Why the author took envelope budget seriously.Senses That Work TogetherWhen we think about how our senses work, we usually imagine them operating separately: you sniff a flower, and the smell is delivered uninterrupted from nose to brain. However, it's more complex than that. Most evidence for cross modal perception (知觉) comes from studies into sound and vision (视觉). But research that shows other senses crossing over is coming out all the time, and it seems that even sound and smell sometimes form an unlikely pairing.When New York researchers, Daniel Wesson and Donald Wilson, tried to find out the truth about a "mysterious” area of the brain called the olfactory tubercle, they had to deal with this fact. Originally, they only intended to measure how olfactory tubercle cells in mice responded to smell. But during testing, Wesson noticed that every time he put his coffee cup down, the mouse cells jumped in activity. In fact, the olfactory tubercle is well-placed to receive both smell and sound information from the outside world. Later they found that among separate cells, most responded to a smell but a significant number were also active when a sound was made. Some cells even behaved differently when smell and sound were presented together, by increasing or decreasing their activity.Of course, mice aren't people, so research team has been carrying out further experiments. They pulled together a group of people and gave them various drinks to smell. Participants were asked to sniff the drinks, and then match them to appropriate musical instruments and produce the notes at different levels. The results were interesting: piano was regularly paired with fruity fragrances; strong smells sounded like the instruments that are made of metal.Further research found that listening to different sounds can change your perceptions. Studying taste this time, the team ordered some special toffee (太妃糖) and put together “soundscapes” corresponding to bitterness and sweetness. Participants tasted similar pieces of toffee while listening to each soundscape, and found the toffee more bitter or sweeter, depending on which soundrack they were listening to.Studies like this are helping scientists correctly describe our understanding of the senses, and how the brain combines them with its advantage. The consequences are worth considering. Could we see musicians work together with chefs to produce sound-improved food and drink? Will you be ordering a coffee with a soundrack to bring out your favorite smell? Come to think of it, that could be one thing you hope coffee shop chains don’t get round to.28．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 refer to?A．A lot of research focuses on the senses.B．There can be a link between sound and smell.C．Sound and vision are relatively easy to study.D．Evidence about the way senses work is hard to obtain.29．In Wesson and Wilson's research,__________.A．the mice were affected more significantly by soundB．the result confirmed what the researchers had suspectedC．the connection between sound and smell was found by chanceD．the mice seemed to be afraid of certain sounds or smells30．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?A．Participants took an active part in the experiments.B．The purpose of the further experiments was totally different.C．The result failed to support what was found in previous experiments.D．Experiments showed that links between sound and smell were consistent.31．How does the author feel about the effect of the research?A．She is surprised at the recent developments.B．She is excited about the creative chances.C．She is convinced that the findings will be used soon.D．She is worried about how the knowledge can be applied.Work and the Young: Generation Jobless“YOUNG people ought not to be idl e (闲置的) . It is very bad for them," said MargaretThatcher in 1984. She was right: there are few worse things that society can do to its young than to leave them ignored.Yet more young people are idle than ever. The International Labour Organization reports that 75m (m=million) young people globally are looking for a job. World Bank surveys suggest that 262m young people are economically inactive. The number of young people without a job is nearly as large as the population of America (311m).Two factors play a big part. First, the long slowdown in the West has reduced demand for labour, and it is easier to put off hiring young people than it is to fire older workers. Second, inemerging economies population growth is the fastest in countries with disordered labour markets, such as India and Egypt.One possible way to settle this problem is to stimulate growth. That is easier said than done in a world suffering from debt, and is anyway a possible answer. The countries where the problem is worst (such as Spain and Egypt) suffered from high youth unemployment even when their economies were growing. Throughout the recession ( 经济不景气)，companies have continued to complain that they cannot find young people with the right skills. This underlines the importance of two other solutions: reforming labour markets and improving education.Youth unemployment is often at its worst in countries with inflexible labour markets. High taxes on hiring, strict rules about firing, high minimum wages: all these help force young people to the street corner. South Africa has some of the highest unemployment, in part because it has powerful trade unions and inflexible rules about hiring and firing. Many countries with high youth unemployment rate have high minimum wages and heavy taxes on labour. India has around 200 laws on work and pay.Across the OECD (经合组织) , people who left school at the earliest opportunity are twice as likely to be unemployed as university graduates. But it is unwise to conclude that governments should simply continue increasing the number of people who graduate from university. In both Britain and the United States many people with arts degrees are finding it impossible to get appropriate jobs. In North Africa university graduates are twice as likely to be unemployed as non-graduates.What matters is not just number of years of education people get, but its content. This means expanding the study of science and technology and closing the gap between the world of education and the world of work-for example by upgrading vocational education and by building closer relations between companies and schools. Germany, which has the second lowest level of youth unemployment in the rich world, owns long-history system of vocational schooling and apprenticeships (学徒制).The problem of youth unemployment has been getting worse for several years. But there are at last some reasons for hope. Governments are trying to address the mismatch between education and the labour market. Companies are beginning to take more responsibility for the young. The world has a real chance of introducing an education-and-training revolution worthy of the solution to the problem.32．According to the passage, which of the following statements may the author approve of ?A．A flexible labour market is not enough to raise youth employment.B．As long as the economy grows youth unemployment will soon be settled.C．Firms fire more older workers than the young in the economic slowdown.D．Powerful trade unions and high minimum wages lead to high employment.33．The author mentioned the German's education system in order to show_____________.A．rich countries are responsible for high youth unemploymentB．the problem of youth unemployment has been settledC．companies have more responsibilities to settle youth unemploymentD．the match between education and the labour market can reduce youth unemployment34．What does the underlined phrase "vocational education” mean in Para.7 ?A．Technical trainingB．Higher educationC．Moral educationD．Business courses35．The passage mainly talks about _____________.A．the need for labour market revolutionB．possible ways to settle global youth unemploymentC．the relations between education and employmentD．factors contributing to low youth unemployment第II卷（非选择题）三、其他36．Parties at Bruno's house were always dominated by Grandmother's singing, which for some reason always seemed to ___________ the moment when Mother moved from the main party area to the kitchen, followed by some of her own friends.A．put up with B．coincide withC．come up with D．contradict37．However, Mother and Father's voices were muffled and hard to___________, Grandfather's was not to be heard at all, while grandmother's was surprisingly blurred.A．comment on B．make senseC．make out D．weigh up38．The pyjama people all jumped to attention whenever the soldiers ___________ and sometimes they fell to the ground and sometimes they didn't even get up and had to be carried away instead.A．assumed B．salutedC．vanished D．approached39．"Poland,' said Bruno thoughtfully, ___________ the word on his tongue.A．weighing up B．making up forC．insisting D．winding up40．An hour before the Fury ___________ Gretel and Bruno were brought downstairs, where they received a rare invitation into Father's office.A．soaked up the applause of the guests B．showed offC．erupted in excitement D．was due to arrive41．Shmuel watched him do this and ___________ nervously. "I have to go back,' he said.A．phrased the question B．backed awayC．shrugged his shoulders D．steadied himself42．Every afternoon when classes were finished Bruno took the long walk along the fence and sat and talked with his new friend Shmuel until it was time to come home, and that had started to___________all the times he had missed Berlin.A．run into B．march intoC．make up for D．glare at43．‘We're not close, my father and I,' said Lieutenant Kotler quickly, looking around the table as ifhe___________. ‘Really, we haven't spoken in years.'A．was particularly impressed B．stayed rooted to the groundC．felt increasingly fed up D．owed everyone an explanation44．Gretel opened her mouth and stared at him before_____________. ‘An imaginary friend!' she cried.'Aren't you a little old for an imaginary friend?'A．taking a deep breath B．breaking into a laughC．exploding D．trembling45．He sat in the living room for several hours but couldn't concentrate on his book and didn't dare to go back to the kitchen until later that evening, when lieutenant Kotler had already come back and ___________ Shmuel and taken him away again.A．collected B．investigatedC．irritated D．confirmed 四、单词拼写请根据提示，用单词的正确形式填空。
2019-2020学年北京市丰台区丰台第一中学高三英语期末试卷及答案解析
2019-2020学年北京市丰台区丰台第一中学高三英语期末试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AFind Your Chicago Architecture TourChicago is known around the world for its architecture. Whether you tour downtown or a neighborhood, our guides will tell you the stories behind the buildings.Must-see ChicagoMust-see Chicago is a fast-paced, 90-minute tour to Chicago featuring(以…为特色) some of its most famous buildings, including the Wrigley Building, Tribune Tower and more! Get a brief overview of more than a dozen buildings—as well as Chicago landmarks like Millennium Park, the Loop and the Chicago River.Duration: 1.5 hoursPrice: $ 26 public, free for CAC membersArchitecture HighlightsDiscover the exciting diversity(多样性) of Chicago architecture, which traces the city’s development from its founding through present day. We cover about 30 miles of Chicago design, passing through the Loop and the Gold Coast, as well as Hyde Park and other areas of the South Side. We’ll see two university campuses and several parks.Duration: 3.5 hoursPrice: $ 55 public, free for CAC membersHistoric Treasures of Chicago’s Golden AgeLearn about the great architectural landmarks of Michigan Avenue and State Street, with views inside beautiful buildings from the 1890s〜1930s. The most memorable parts include the amazing interiors(内部) of the Palmer House Hotel and the Chicago Cultural Center.Duration: 2 hoursPrice: $ 26 public, free for CAC membersElevated Architecture: Downtown “L” TrainExplore Chicago’s amazing architecture from the unique view of elevated trains and station platforms. Learnthe history behind the famous “L” system and hear how it has shaped the development of buildings within the Loop. The city’s first elevated train started making trips in 1892. Now considered one of Chicago’s most wonderful features, the “L” offers impressive views of downtown.Duration: 2 hoursPrice: $ 26 public, free for CAC members1.Which tour can you choose if you want to see Millennium Park?A.Must-see Chicago.B.Historic Treasures of Chicago’s Golden AgeC.Architecture Highlights.D.Elevated Architecture：Downtown “L” Train.2.When visiting Architecture Highlights, a couple should pay ______.A.$55B.$ 110C.$ 165D.$ 2203.What can you see on the third tour?A.The Chicago River.B.The Gold Coast.C.The elevated trains.D.The Palmer House Hotel.BOver the years, NASA has successfully sent several rovers (飞行器) to Mars. While the science laboratories continue to provide important information on the Red Planet, they keep the space exploration rovers staying closeto the original landing place.To get a more comprehensive (详尽的) view of Mars, the US Space Agency plans to make a small test helicopter with the Mars 2020 Rover, which will be sent off in July 2020.The football-sized “marscopter” weighs about four pounds.It can fly at about ten times the speed of helicopters on Earth. The light weight and fast speed are important for the helicopter to be able to fly in the thin Mars atmosphere, which is about just one percent of that of Earth. “To make it fly in that thin Mars atmosphere, we had to make everything ready, and make it as light as possible while being as strong and powerful as it can possibly be. “Mimi Aung, Mars helicopter project manager, said in a meeting.Upon landing on the Red Planet, the Mars 2020 Rover will find a proper location to send of the helicopter. The helicopter will start with a short climb, no higher than 10 feet, and hover (盘旋) for just 30 seconds before landing back on the Mars surface. If all goes well, five more flights of longer distances, for 90 seconds each, will be conducted over the next 30 days. The short journeys will be recorded by a small camera and sent back to the scientists on Earth.If the plan goes on well, the first helicopter to fly in another world, will open up a whole new way to explore Mars. The Mars helicopter's first flight will be a great invention. For those of us whose research is about flight, that would be a wonderful, historic moment.4. To fly in thin Mars atmosphere，we should make the helicopter_______.A. strong and heavyB. heavy and fastC. light and fastD. strong and slow5. How many times will the helicopter fly?A. Three timesB. Four timesC. Five timesD. Six times6. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. It’s interesting to fly in another world.B. I' s important to fly in another world.C. The plan to fly the helicopter goes on well.D. The helicopters first flight is successful.7. What may be the best title for the passage?A. To send a helicopter to Mars in 2020B. To send a rover to Mars in 2020C. To live in the thin Mars atmosphereD. To send back records to scientistsCIn the old days, when you had to drive to a movie theater to get some entertainment, it was easy to see how your actions could have an impact（影响）on the environment. After all, you were jumping into your car, driving across town, coughing out emissions（产生排放）and using gas all the way. But now that we're used to staying at home and streaming movies, we might get a littleproud. After all, we're just picking up our phones and maybe turning on the TV. You're welcome. Mother Nature.Not so fast, says a recent report from the French-based Shift Project. According to "Climate Crisis: The Unsustainable Use of Online Video", digital technologies are responsible for 4% of greenhouse gas emissions, and that energy use is increasing by 9% a year. Watching a half-hour show would cause 1. 6 kilograms of carbon dioxide emissions. That's like driving 6. 28 kilometers. And in the European Union, the Eureca project found that data centers（where videos are stored）there used 25% more energy in 2017 compared to just three years earlier, reports the BBC.Streaming is only expected to increase as webecome more enamored ofour digital devices（设备）and the possibility of enjoying entertainment where and when we want it increases. Online video use is expected toincrease by four times from 2017 to 2022 and account for 80% of all Internet traffic by 2022. By then, about 60% of the world's population will be online.You're probably not going to give up your streaming services, but there're things you can do to help lessen the impact of your online use, experts say. For example, according to Lutz Stobbe, a researcher from the Fraunhofer Institute in Berlin, we have no need to upload 25 pictures of the same thing to the cloud because it consumes energy every time. If instead you delete a few things here and there, you can save energy. Moreover, it's also a good idea to stream over Wi-Fi, watch on the smallest screen you can, and turn off your Wi-Fi in your home if you're not using your devices.8. What topic is the first paragraph intended to lead in?A. The environmental effects of driving private cars.B. The improvements on environmental awareness.C. The change in the way people seek entertainment.D The environmental impacts of screaming services.9. What does the underlined phrase become more enamored of" in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Get more skeptical of.B. Become more aware of.C. Feel much crazier about.D. Get more worried about.10. What can we infer about the use of streaming services?A. It is being reduced to protect the planet.B. Its environmental effects are worsening.C. It is easily available to almost everyone.D. Its side effects have drawn global attention.11. Which of the following is the most environmentally-friendly?A. Watching downloaded movies on a mobile phone.B. Downloading music on a personal computer.C. Uploading a lot of images of the same thing.D. Playing online games over mobile networks.DYour best friend that follows you around when the sun comes out - your shadow - doesn’t serve an important function like your heart or brain, but what if you could use shadows to create electricity? When using solar panels (电池板) that are powered by light, shadows can be boring because it means electricity can’t be created. However,researchers from the National University of Singapore have engineered a way to create power from the shadows present everywhere.A team of the university created a machine that can collect energy from shadows. It is created by placing a thin coating of gold onto silicon (硅). Like in a normal solar panel, when put in light, the silicon electrons (电子) become energized and the energized electrons then jump from the silicon to the gold. The voltage (电压) of the part of the machine that is placed in the light increases to the dark part and the electrons in the machine flow from high to low voltage. They are sent through an external circuit (外电路) creating a current that can be used to power another machine. The greater the contrast between light and dark, more energy is provided by the machine.The team isworking on improving the performance of the machine, borrowing approaches from solar panels to gather light. Increasing the amount of light the machines can receive allows them to better make use of shadows, as well as developing shadow energy collecting panels that can successfully gather from indoor lighting. The team is also researching the use of other materials other than gold to drop the price of the machine, meaning they would be more cost effective and easier to apply in society.Shadows are present everywhere and perhaps one day in the future we will be able to collect energy from them by placing the shadow-effect energy machine around the world in places that have been considered unfit for solar panels to work, or indoors. “A lot of people think that shadows are useless,” Tan says, but “anything can be useful, even shadows.”12. What is Paragraph 1 mainly about?A. Your best friend always stays with you after the sunrise.B. The shadow has the same function as the heart and brain.C. Shadows can stop solar panels from creating electricity.D. Researchers have found a way to create power from shadows.13. What is the key working principle of the machine mentioned in the text?A. The silicon produces electricity when it is in the light.B. The gold produces power with the help of the silicon.C. The energized electrons flow from high to low voltage.D. An external circuit creates current using another machine.14. How does the team improve the performance of the machine?A. Using solar panels in the machine.B. Increasing the amount of light received.C. Developing light energy collecting panels.D. Bringing down the price of gold.15. Which of the following is the best place to apply the machine?A. A gym.B. A park.C. A farm.D. A playground.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年北京市丰台区丰台第一中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题及答案解析
2019-2020学年北京市丰台区丰台第一中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ATry one of these amazing destinations on your next vacation.MallorcaOn the popular Spanish island of Mallorca, farmhouse inns focus more on providing isolation and quietness than offering hands-on farming experiences. With millions of visitors staying on the beaches of Mallorca and the other Balearic Islands each summer, a little bit of isolation is a good thing for aloneness-seeking travelers. Mainly located in the hills of inland Mallorca, these inns range from rustic century-old farmhouses to luxury(奢侈的) villas with spas and swimming pools.HawaiiPeople who don't want to dig out their passport but still want their farm adventure can head to the island of Hawaii. The 50th state talks much about the well-developed farm tourism industry that can hold people with different interests. Agritourism choices range from visiting coffee plantations(种植园) in the Big Island's Kona region to exploring the plantations on Maui to staying on farms on the easily reachable island of Oahu. CaliforniaCalifornia is one ofthe best places in the U. S. to enjoy a farm-stay, thanks to the diversity of crops and farms. Small family farms and large farms offer a more hands-on approach to agritourism. Many of them teach small-scale farming techniques and even offer strategies for organic growing. The University of California system, one of the largest state-run higher education systems in the U.S., has a small-farm program that helps growers create agritourism businesses.Philippine IslandsWith diverse conditions on different islands, the Philippine Islands are ideal places for visiting multiple agritourism sites or focusing on one product. Tourists can visit a huge pineapple plantation for a taste of large-scale agriculture, or they could focus on smaller operations such as bee farms, and even small plantations that specialize in growing tropical produce such as dragon fruit.1. What kind of people will choose to go to Mallorca?A. Those who prefer peace of mind.B. Those who like lying on the beach.C. Those who enjoy the luxury of tourism.D. Those who want to experience farming.2. What can people do on the Philippine Islands?A. Live in farmhouses.B. Visit plantations.C. Learn farming techniques.D Take part in a farm program.3. What are the four places in the text famous for?A. Locations.B. Environments.C. Local products.D. Tourism features.BUnderstanding the link between a clean environment and human life is not a new concept. In fact, it was noticed as early as ancient Rome. Today we see how green living has infiluenced our everyday lives. There is a growing community of people who embrace a zero waste lifestyle and make changes to the way they live to reduce their carbon footprint.Living a zero waste lifestyle means doing one’s best to achieve the aim of not sending anything to a landfill. People who adopt this lifestyle ultimately cut down on their waste by reducing what they need and want. They reuse what they own, sending few things to be recycled.Many people who adopt the zero waste lifestyle claim to be frustrated by the many harmful chemical substances found in beauty and cleaning products. They also find the uses of disposable items and excessive packaging. For example, how many times have we had to peel away layers of plastic wrap and cardboard before finally taking out the item which we had bought? Instead of buying pre-packed food and goods, those who identify with the zero waste philosophy tend to shop in stores that allow them to make purchases and bring their own cloth bags and glass jars to store their purchases.Many people may have the misconception that it is easier to live a zero waste lifestyle in the West. Nevertheless, Malaysian environmental journalist, Ms. Aurora Tin, has proven that a zero waste lifestyle is possibleeven in the Asian context. Instead of going to the supermarket to buy pre-packaged foods, Ms. Tin now visits the wet market and brings her own bags for vegetables. She has even stopped using store-bought toothpaste and makes her own toothpaste from coconut oil and baking soda. This lifestyle may be too big a change for the average person, but we could follow her suit to make gradual changes to our own lives.4. Which of the following is a zero waste lifestyle?A. Bringing a resuable container to take away food.B. Choosing appliances that cost less money.C. Turning off a device to stop using power.D. Classifying the garbage before throwing it away.5. What may disappoint a person who adopts a zero waste lifestyle?A. Recycable carboard.B. Excessive packaging.C. Glass jars to store purchases.D. Natural substances in cleaning products.6. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?A. How do people live a zero waste lifestyle.B. Why Ms. Tin chooses to live a zero waste lifestyle..C. We can also practice a zero waste lifestyle in Asia.D. It is easy to live a zero waste lifestyle in the West.7. What is the best title of the passage?A. Living a zero waste lifestyle.B. Going green ismore than a fashion.C. A zero waste lifetyle is easy to achieve.D. Making environmentally-conscious decisions.CMost children who have suffered from ADHD still have it as teens. During teen years, especially as the hormonal changes of teenagers are going on and the demands of school and extra-curricular activities are increasing, ADHD may get worse.Because of problems with getting unfocused and poor concentration, many teens with ADHD have problems in school. Grades may fall, especially if the teen is not getting ADHD treatment. It’s not uncommon for teens with ADHD to forget their homework, lose textbooks, and become bored with their daily class work. Teens may become inattentive or extremely attentive, not waiting for their turn before blurting out answers. They may cut in on their teacher and classmates. Teens with ADHD may also befidgetyand find it hard to sit still in class.Often, teens with ADHD are so busy focusing on other things that they forget about the task at hand. This can be seen especially with homework and athletic skills and in relationships with their schoolmates. This lack of attention to what they’re doing often leads to bad grades on tests and being passed over for sports teams,after-school activities, and learning teams. Kids with ADHD can be targets for bullying, too. But, not all children with ADHD have trouble getting along with others. If your child does, you can take measures to help improve their social skills and relationships.ADHD affects all parts of a teenager’s life. As a parent you should discover your teen’s troubles as early as possible. The earlier your child’s troubles are discovered, the more successful the following steps can be.8. What does the author plan to do in paragraph 1?A. To list the types of ADHD.B. To introduce the main topic.C. To show the author’s opinion.D. To explain the causes of ADHD.9. What does the underlined word “fidgety” probably mean in paragraph 2?A. Clever.B. Noisy.C. Restless.D. Lazy.10. What is the text mainly about?A. Ways to deal with ADHD.B. Effects of ADHD on teens.C. Teens’ school performances.D. Demands of school work.11. What may the following paragraph talk about?A. How parents can help a teen with ADHD.B. The importance of healthy peer relationships.C. How many children are suffering from ADHD. D. Different opinions about treating ADHD in teens.DThe outbreak of the novel corona virus pneumonia (NCP) has disrupted the lives and work of nearly every Chinese person. However, a new trend has been on the rise: many have turned themselves into livestreaming users orfollowers.According to Questmobile, a professional big data intelligence services provider in China, the audience for Douyin, Kuaishou and other livestreaming platforms surged to 574 million during the Spring Festival holiday, up 35 percent from 2019.Confined at home, away from their friends and loved ones, people turn to livestreaming to reach out to the world. For them livestreaming can help them share their lives and interest with a global audience, which will give them the sense of being “in the moment”. Even as viewers, they can also engage immediately with livestreamers by commenting and making suggestions.“When I comment on the livestreaming videos, I’m not simply an audience member, but also an active part of the program. That gives me a sense of engagement,” an Internet user named Wang Hao told People’s Daily.Livestreaming is not only for fun, but also a new tool for many businesses. Affected by the pandemic, many businesses had to stop their sales in physical stores. To meet their business goals and survive during these trying times, many chose to livestream to revive their businesses.Joyoung, a leading maker of small kitchen appliances, is a good example. The company not only added a number of broadcasts each day to advertise their products, but also shared the menus that were beneficial to health. “The responses to our livestreaming shows have been well beyond expectations,” Kang Li, who oversees the company’s livestreaming unit, told China daily. “It’s a natural opportunity to truly bond with our followers.”Like it or not, livestreaming is likely to go mainstream in China for both entertainment and business.12. What is the purpose of writing the second paragraph?A. To introduce some popular livestreaming platforms in China.B. To report data on the development of livestreaming in 2019.C. To show that Chinese people spend too much time on livestreaming apps.D. To prove that livestreaming are becoming increasingly popular in China.13. What does Wang Hao think of commenting on livestreaming?A. It is boring to make comments.B. It is the only way to share viewers’ lives.C. It makes people feel involved in the stream.D. It helps livestreamers improve themselves.14. What do paragraphs 5&6 mainly talk about?A. Livestreaming replaced physical stores in many areas.B. Many businesses turned to livestreaming platform for marketing.C. Livestreaming platforms faced challenges during the pandemic.D. Livestreaming platforms made changes to their services.15. How does the author feel about thefuture of livestreaming？A. Positive.B. Uncertain.C. Disappointed.D. Confused.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
【解析】北京市丰台区2020届高三上学期期末考试英语试题
丰台区2019～2020学年度第一学期期末练习高三英语第一部分知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
I never believed in lucky coins. But one day as I was mowing the lawn (修剪草坪), I noticed a shiny object some five yards away. I stopped the machine to go and see ___1___ had caught my eye. Just as I bent over to pick up the object, the machine exploded behind me. I ___2___ (stand) there, frightened but unhurt. I ___3___ (save) by the shiny object—a coin. I now believe in lucky coins and stop to pick them up whenever I see them.【答案】1. what2. stood3. was saved这是一篇记叙文。
作者讲述了在修剪草坪时意外发现了一枚硬币的故事。
【1题详解】考查宾语从句。
动词see后跟宾语从句，宾语从句缺少主语，作者是在草坪上看到的东西，下文中的the object提示是物，所以宾语从句主语用what，故填what。
【2题详解】考查时态。
事情发生在以前的某一天，过去发生的事，要用一般过去时，所以要填stand的过去式，故填stood。
【3题详解】考查被动语态。
by the shiny object中的the shiny object是动作的执行者，提示句中主语为动作的接受者，所以谓语动词要用被动语态，主语为I，事情发生在过去，时态用一般过去时，故填was saved。
北京2019学年高一上学期期末英语试卷含解析
高一上学期期末考试英 语注意事项：1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。
写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第I 卷（选择题）一、单项选择1．－Could you be so kind as to close the window? －____A ．With pleasureB ．My pleasureC ．Yes, pleaseD ．Go ahead2．He ________ breakfast at eight o'clock when he lived alone. But nowadays he has it at seven. A ．was used to have B ．was used to having C ．used to having D ．used to have3．________ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior school is increasing. A ．Which B ．As C ．That D ．It4．He has asked me for this book many times. Please tell him that he ________ have it tomorrow. A ．must B ．may C ．shall D ．should5．The football always reminds me of my mistake in that match, so I put it away somewhere out of my ________.A ．sceneB ．sightC ．viewD ．scenery6．As soon as I got to the airport, I realized I ________ my ID card at home. A ．has left B ．had left C ．would have D ．will leave7．The buses, most of ________ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. A ．that B ．itC ．themD ．which8．－Will you go travelling with me this summer? －I'm not sure. I ________ have to take care of my grandma. A ．may B ．shall C ．need D ．must9．That strange-looking man has been ________ here for over half an hour. What does he want? A ．hanging on B ．hanging up C ．hanging about D ．hanging back10．In the last few years, China ________ great achievements in environmental protection.A ．was makingB ．madeC ．had madeD ．has made11．Do you remember those days ________ we spent along the seashore very happily? A ．when B ．where C ．which D ．who12．The professor demanded that all the essays ________ to him by Jan. 10th . A ．hand in B ．be handed in C ．should hand in D ．were handed in 13．－Is that Bob there?－No, it ________ be him. He has gone to Hainan with his family. A ．mustn't B ．can't C ．shan't D ．may not14．As the Spring Festival was approaching, the children looked forward eagerly to ________ their grandparents in the hometown. A ．be meeting B ．meeting C ．meet D ．be met15．Please go through the text and underline the words ________ meanings you don't know. A ．when B ．where C ．whose D ．that16．－Are you ready to go shopping?－Wait a minute. I ________ a list of things that we need.此卷只装订不密封班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号A．made B．makeC．will make D．would make17．We'll ________ the problem and call you when we have more information. Please wait for our reply. A．look out B．look onC．look up D．look into18．The novel I had chosen was long and difficult, but finally I ________ reading it and wrote an excellent book report.A．managed to finish B．managed finishingC．tried to finish D．tried finishing19．Yesterday, I went back to my primary school, ________ my teachers and I talked about our good old days.A．which B．thatC．when D．where20．Beijing’s new international airport ________ into use in 2019, according to the spokesperson.A. was putB. will putC. has putD. will be put二、完形填空In high school I had a math teacher, Mrs. Davies, who took her job seriously and expected her students to put forth the same degree of commitment (付出). Strict but fair, she held our attention with her great method. One of her 21 was for students who were more advanced academically. I chose to 22 it and soon realized that the course was a bit over my head. I 23 with the complex problems that others seemed to learn without much effort.One Friday we were tested 24 our ability to use a theorem (定理) that no one in the class thoroughly understood. The teacher would 25 our papers based on our ability to progress through the problem which easily filled two pages of formulaic notations (公式符号). I was absolutely 26 . Finally, I didn't use the required theorem. Instead, I decided to use more familiar theorems to arrive at an 27 . I knew I had failed because I hadn't done the 28 assignment. I became resigned (顺从) to my fate.Our test papers were 29 back the following Monday. Everyone received a "C" except for me. To my surprise, I received an "A". I 30 that there must be a mistake. I watched 31 as the teacher approached my desk, smiled, and asked for my test 32 back. She then went back to copy my work onto the blackboard, 33 the class how I had arrived at the correct answer. "Mathematics is meant to be a creative tool, pushing our minds to a rewarding answer," she said with confidence. 34 I didn't use the required theorem, she seemed really proud of how I'd worked through the problem. The class saw her fold my test paper and put it into her textbook. She announced that it would be 35 with future classes.My teacher would have been justified (合理的) in giving me a 36 grade. Instead, she used the 37 to deeply influence a student who often struggled. And after forty years, I still cherish the 38 . It helped change my self-image. I 39 up to a broad boundary of possibilities which has made my life an adventure. She understood that teaching went beyond strict demands and could be used to 40 Thank you, Mrs. Davies.21．A．ways B．tasks C．tests D．classes22．A．run B．take C．teach D．like23．A．compared B．struggled C．connected D．argued24．A．on B．at C．in D．for25．A．explain B．collect C．print D．grade26．A．tired B．curious C．lost D．satisfied27．A．effect B．end C．answer D．interest28．A．completed B．proved C．fixed D．required29．A．handed B．held C．thrown D．dated30．A．hoped B．assumed C．declared D．dreamed31．A．angrily B．regretfully C．disappointedly D．nervously32．A．paper B．score C．question D．method33．A．helping B．following C．showing D．praising34．A．Since B．Unless C．Though D．Because35．A．shared B．exchanged C．practised D．checked36．A．friendly B．failing C．corrected D．wrong37．A．possibility B．creation C．intention D．opportunity38．A．change B．memory C．school D．life39．A．opened B．kept C．made D．looked40．A．learn B．survive C．inspire D．manage三、阅读理解Planning to get away? Think passport firstIf you’re planning to get away from it all this year, you should think passport first. Checking you have a valid passport before you book your trip takes minutes but could save you the trouble and cost of not being able to go.Renewing (更新) your passport before it runs outYou can renew your passport up to 9 months before it can no longer be legally used. So take the time now and save the tears later.Applying for a passport for the first timeOur eligibility (资格) checks mean that it takes a minimum of one week to issue (颁发) a passport. So make sure you don’t leave it to the last minute, and apply in plenty of time.Help with your application is just around the cornerSelected Post Office branches and Worldchoice travel agents offer a Check and Send service that helps you with your application. It’s convenient and you should receive your passport within 2 weeks.If you need to apply for or renew a passport, you can either:Pick up a Passport Application Form at Selected Post Office branches and Worldchoice travel agents.Or call the Application Form Request line on 0901 4700 100 or visit If your need is urgent, call 0870 521 0410 for an appointment at one of our offices. We can’t guarantee to see customers without an appointment.From 14th January a guaranteed same day (passport renewals only) or one week service will be available from passport public counters.*Calls will be charged 60p per minute and the cost per call should not normally be more than 90p.*Calls are charged at national rates.41．When applying for a passport for the first time, you need to know that ______.A．passports can be legally used foreverB．passports are issued at the last minuteC．application checks take at least one weekD．applications are selected by post office branches42．According to the passage, you can meet your urgent need by ______.A．going to the offices directlyB．making a call for an appointmentC．visiting for a guaranteeD．getting in touch with Worldchoice travel agents43．What is the passage mainly about?A．Certain types of passports.B．Different functions of passports.C．Advantages of holding passports.D．Instructions on applying for passports.Galaxy saw a man and a woman who communicated with the sign language at the train station when she was on the way home one evening. She noticed that the woman asked the mon for the direction. He told her that he did not know. Galaxy decided to help them. She had learned the sign language when she served as a volunteer in the deaf and mute（聋哑）school. Then she showed the woman the direction and left her email address to them in case they needed her help later.She received an email from that man the next day. Kazrim was his name. Galaxy replied his mail sincerely. They both started chatting online soon after and began seeing each other. Although they only communicated with the sign language, it never bothered her.Galaxy was fond of him gradually. Obviously, Kazrim was the same too. He presented Galaxy with a bunch of sunflowers and asked her sincerely, “Are you willing to be my girlfriend?” Galaxy was pleasantly surprised. She requested him to give her some time to persuade her parents.As she had expected, her parents were very angry after they had learned of their love story. Galaxy explained, “Kazrim is an excellent and a very optimistic person. He has a very positive attitude towards life and work. He cares for others always. He is 100％better than the normal. Moreover, the mute is still a human. He should possess a perfect and wonderful love. ”Her parents asked to see him, then. The very worried Galaxy took Kazrim home a few days later. When they were on the train, Kazrim told her, ‘‘I’m going to tell your parents I’ll be looking after you well with all my life!” Galaxy was deeply moved.As soon as they had entered the house, Galaxy introduced him to her parents. She said, ‘‘This is Kazrim.” Just rig ht after her speech, an unbelievable thing happened. Kazrim threw the gift away and held her in his arms tightly.He said, “YOU CAN TALK?” It was the same question that Galaxy wanted to ask, too.The four people were shocked all of a sudden. As a matter of fact, Kazrim always believed that Galaxy was a mute and he still fell in love with her deeply.44．How did Galaxy and Kazrim get to know each other?A．They met each other by chance.B．They were introduced to each other,C．They once studied at the same university.D．They both served in a special needs school.45．How did Galaxy probably communicate with Kazrim before she took him home?A．Writing words on paper.B．Using the sign language.C．Judging from his expression.D．Speaking her native language.46．What did Galaxy expect her parents to do?A．To have a talk with Kazri.B．To prepare for her marriage.C．To treat Kazrim as a normal man.D．To accept Kazrim as her boyfriend.47．What can we learn about the two young people from the passage?A．They fell in love at the first sight.B．They cheated each other to win love.C．They mistook each other for being mutes.D．They ignored the anger of Galaxy’s parents.Model RailroadingWould you like to know a fun way to learn about math? Well, you can do that with model railroading. Yes, it’s true. You can learn about many school topics without using a school book. Besides that, there are many other benefits that model railroading brings us as well. In this article, we will discuss just a few of those benefits of model railroading.Patience and problem solving skillsWhen you build a model railroad, you have to plan your railroad out. You have to decide where the tracks (轨道) will go, where to put buildings, where to put streets and any other things you would like to add to your model railroad. Also, you have to think about any problems you may have with the design you choose. How will you make railroad crossings? How will you design hills, mountains, and rivers? Deciding on what to do with your model railroad takes a lot of thought and patience, but it is not as difficult as you may think.Building skillsWith model railroading, you learn how to put together plastic models of buildings. Also, you can learn how to build a table for your design, or make scenery for the geography of your design. Your model railroad runs on electricity, so you learn about electronics as well. These are skills that not only help you build a model railroad; these skills will help you all throughout life.Fun for family and friendsDifferent from many video games, model railroading is a social hobby that lets you communicate with family and friends. This is because you have to communicate with family and friends as you build and run your model railroad. By spending time with the people in your life you love and care about, you learn to become closer and care more for each other. This is one of the best parts of model railroading as a hobby. Of course, the best part about model railroading is running the trains. Watching the trains run around the track and make all the sounds and do all the things that real trains do gives people hours of enjoyment. Also, there is great satisfaction in the fact that you, your family, and your friends built the model railroad.I hope you can learn to enjoy model railroading and experience all the benefits you just read about and many others. Happy railroading!48．In order to build a model railroad, you have to be ________.A．skillful and confidentB．an electrical engineerC．thoughtful and patientD．an expert in geography49．What is the best part of model railroading?A．Running the trains.B．Planning out the railroad.C．Putting streets and buildings.D．Learning electronics and wiring.50．According to the author, model railroading is a social hobby, because ________.A．it encourages us to complete it on our ownB．it improves the problem solving skills and creativityC．it brings us hours of enjoyment and great satisfactionD．it offers us chances to communicate with family and friends51．Where can you probably find the article?A．In an official report.B．In a youth magazine.C．In a medical textbook.D．In a tourist guidebook.Are some people born clever, and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experiences? Strangely enough, the answer to both these questions is yes. To some degree our intelligence is given us at birth, and no amount of special education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and variedsurroundings. Thus the limits of a person's intelligence are fixed at birth, but whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways.It is easy to show that intelligence is to some degree something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random(随机地) from the population, it is likely that their degrees of intelligence will be completely different. If on the other hand we take two identical (完全相同的) twins they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all, are likely to have similar degrees of intelligence.52．Which of these sentences best describes the writer’s point in Para. 1?A．To some degree, intelligence is given at birth.B．Intelligence is developed by the environment.C．Some people are born clever and others born stupid.D．Intelligence is fixed at birth, but is developed by the environment.53．It is suggested in this passage that_______.of intelligenceA．unrelated people are not likely to have different intelligenceB．close relations usually have similar intelligenceC．the closer the blood relationship between people, the more different they are likely to be in intelligenceD．people who live in close contact with each other are not likely to have similar degrees54．In Para. 1, the word "surroundings" means_______.A．intelligence B．life C．environments D．housing55．The best title for this article would be_______.A．On Intelligence B．What Intelligence MeansC．We are Born with Intelligence D．Environment Plays a Part in Developing Intelligence 四、七选五How to Beat the Procrastination HabitI am a procrastinator (拖延症患者). I always have been. I've tried all sorts of things to beat the habit. Here are some techniques I've been using:Set aside blocks of time to do things.When I was talking with my wellness (健身) coach earlier this year, she asked me why I didn't exercise more often. " 56．," I said. "Something always comes up." She wasn't impressed. "J.D.," she said, "You have to make time. Make an appointment with yourself to run or to go for a bike ride." The same principle applies to other things you might procrastinate.57．. Often I'll be sitting on the back porch reading a book, and it will occur to me that some chore needs to be done －mending the fence, for example. "58．," I tell myself. Wrong! What usually happens is that I forget to write it down, and even if I do, I just look at the list and procrastinate for weeks on end. Thebest move is to actually do the chore when I think of it. (Assuming, of course, that I have the time at that moment, which I usually do.)Use a timer to bring you back to reality.Part of the reason I procrastinate is that I'm a daydreamer. 59．. One way to keep on track is to use a timer. I use the Ultrak Jumbo Countdown Timer, but not as often as I should. I set it for 48 minutes. When it goes off, 60．：Am I doing what I'm supposed to be doing?Do not multitask.I often start many things at once, but I never actually do any of them. In order for me to get something done, I need to focus my attention on it. Trying to do several things at once is a sure way to be sure they'll all be unfinished tomorrow.A．I'm always lost in thoughtB．it brings me back to realityC．If it comes to mind, then do itD．I don't have the timeE. it serves as an instant reality checkF. Do it right away if you are asked to do somethingG. I need to write that down so I can remember it第II卷（非选择题）五、用适当的词完成句子根据句意，选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空，有两个词为多余选项。
2019-2020学年北京市丰台区丰台第一中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题及参考答案
2019-2020学年北京市丰台区丰台第一中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AAre you looking for somewhere special to go this weekend? Do you want to try something new?Check out one of these hot new restaurants.Fast BestFast food doesn't have to be junk food, as this café proves. Do you fancy a really good hamburger made with the best ingredients, or old-fashioned fish and chips fried to perfection, all on the table in super-quick time? Speed and quality are important here, and the prices aren't bad either.Your Local Caff (小餐馆)Remember when cafés served full English breakfasts—sausages, beans, fried bread, bacon and eggs—with a strong cup of tea? Well, this place still does and you can have your breakfast at any time you like during the day while you listen to your favourite tunes from the 1980s.Last Days of the RajA centrally located Indian restaurant, perfect for eating before or after the cinema or a show. In summer enjoy your meal in the beautiful garden. The most popular dishes are lamb and chicken cooked with mild, medium or hot spices. For brave customers there is extra hot!The Chocolate BoxThe owner of this small café used to cook all kinds of food, but then she realised she preferred desserts to anything else. If you want meat or fish, don't come here. They only do desserts! Lots of different kinds of sweets. Chocolate lovers will be excited by the range of chocolate cakes.1.Fast Best suits a person ______.A.who has a sweet toothB.who loves spicy foodC.who wants to have good breakfastD.who gets 30 minutes off for lunch2.Which is true about Last Days of the Raj?A.You can listen to great music in it.B.It serves hot food with pepper.C.It serves an all-day breakfast.D.It is prefect for vegetarians.3.Which restaurant serves only desserts and sweets?A.Fast Best.B.Your Local Caff.st Days of the Raj.D.The Chocolate Box.BImprovements to energy efficiency, such as LED lights, are seen by many authorities as a top priority for cutting carbon emissions. Yet a growing body of research suggests that arebound effect could wipe out more than half of the savings from energy efficiency improvements, making the goals of the Paris Agreement on climate change even harder to hit.A team led by Paul Brockway at the University of Leeds, UK, looked at the existing 33 studies on the impact of the rebound effect. First comes the direct rebound: for instance,when someone buys a more efficient car, they may take advantage of that by driving it further. Then comes the indirect rebound: fuel savings leave the owner with more money to spend elsewhere in the economy, consuming energy.Although the 33 studies used different methods to model the rebound effect, they produced very consistent estimates of its impact, leading the team to conclude that the effect wipes out, on average, 63 percent of the anticipated energy savings.“We're not saying energy efficiency doesn't work. What we're saying is rebound needs to be taken more seriously,” says Brockway.The idea that increased efficiency may not deliver the hopedfor savingsdates back to the Jevons paradox(悖论), named after the economist William Stanley Jevons, who, in 1865,observed that more efficient coal use led to more demand for coal.If the rebound effect does prove to be as big as suggested, it means future global energy demand will be higher than expected and the world will need far more wind and solar power and carboncapture technology than is currently being planned for.But that doesn't mean nothing can be done to limit the rebound effect. One answer is to double down on energy efficiency and do twice as much to achieve the same effect.4. Which of the following is a rebound effect?A. A man uses LED lights to cut carbon emissions.B. A company uses coal more efficiently to reduce waste.C. A family saves money by using energysaving devices.D. A lady spends savings from her fuel efficient car on more clothes.5. How did Paul Brockway's team carry out their research?A. By interviewing economists.B. By analyzing former studies.C. By modeling the rebound effect.D. By debating about the Jevons paradox.6. What would Paul Brockway probably agree with?A. Authorities should dismiss energy efficiency.B. Worldwide efforts to preserve energy are in vain.C. The rebound effect helps protect the environment.D. More attention should be paid to the rebound effect.7. What's the author's attitude towards limiting the rebound effect?A. Positive.B. Pessimistic.C. Doubtful.D. Disapproving.CBe it from the mouths of foreigners who have lived here for a few years or from stories on travel websites, one of the most common qualities that people list about Shanghai is the infectious energy that courses through the city.For some, this energy is defined by the way of life—Shanghai is a city that never sleeps. In the day, the streets arc always bustling with people from all over the world. After all, the city has long been China’s most cosmopolitan city, having been the epicenter of trade and cultural exchange between Chinese and foreigners since the city was forced to open its door to the world in 1843 after the First Opium War (1840-42).Shanghai’s ubiquitous delivery people can be found on the roads even past midnight, rushing from point to point on their trusty electric scooters to satiate the hunger of night owls. Even before the break of dawn, pensioners can be found gathering in parks, ready to kick start their day with a tai chi session.For others, this energy is generated from the friction between the contrasts the city has. Indeed, it does not take long for one to realize that Shanghai's charmlies in it being a binary of old and new.Here, charming neoclassical architecture and art deco structures stand alongside modem buildings with shimmering glass and metal facades, rustic (质朴的)lane houses and shikumen buildings. Humble mom-and-pop shops that look stuck in time can often be found right next tohipdining venues or industrial-chic fashion stores selling designer apparel.One of the best places to get an overview of these surreal contrasts is none other than the tallest building in the city — the Shanghai Tower in Lujiazui. Measuring a dizzying 632 meters in height, this architectural marvel boasts having the world's highest observation deck within a building or structure. It also comes with the world's fastest elevators which would get you from the bottom to the top at 20.5 meters per second.On the other side of the Huangpu River is where you would find the Bund, which is home to magnificent neoclassical buildings. The Bund is to Shanghai what Times Square is to New York or what the Champs-61ysees is to Paris. A trip to Shanghai would not be complete without exploring this iconic waterfront promenade.Autumn is the best time to experience Shanghai on foot, not merely because the weather is conducive for walking, but because this is when the roads and sidewalks in many areas are blanketed with a layer of color1 ful fallen leaves.8. Why is the example of delivery man mentioned?A. To make a contrast with pensioners’ biological clock.B. To illustrate the vibrant energy of modern Shanghai.C. To highlight the diligence and consideration of delivery man.D. To feature the courier delivery service in full swing.9. Which of the following is TRUE about the contrast of Shanghai?A. The contrast mainly arises from the First Opium War.B. The design of the Shanghai Tower stands for a contrast.C. A marked contrast is shown in the use of building materials.D. The dishes served in mom-and-pop shops represent the outdated flavor.10. The underlined word “hip” in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to________.A. photographicB. modestC. peculiarD. stylish11. Which of the following will be most probably discussed following the last paragraph?A. Stunning views of the Shanghai skyline.B. The best places to view the seasonal spectacle.C. The walking path thathugs the Huangpu River.D. Must-try dishes and food items typical of Shanghai.DSome years ago a young man applied to a large United States optical firm for a job as a lens designer. He apologized for lack of training, but on announcing that he owned two copies of the classic Conrady's AppliedOptics and Optical Design, one for his office and a second for his bedside table, he was hired on the spot. Perhaps the story will be repeated some day with Buchdahl's Introduction to Hamiltonian Optics as a similar certificate of qualification.Hamiltonian theory describes with powerful generality the overall properties of optical systems considered as ‘black boxes’, although it does not describe the detailed structure needed to construct the systems and achieve these properties. Buchdahl's book is therefore on the subject of geometrical optics, but it is not about how to design lenses. It is, however a compact comprehensive account of the fundamentals of the theory written with the lens designer's needs very much in mind. Every lens designer worth his salt has at some time in his career attempted to apply the broad concepts of Hamiltonian optics to the solutions of practical problems. Success has been sufficiently rare that the theory, as such, has made little direct contribution to techniques for optical instrument design. The failures have been frustrating because of the obvious fundamental power of the theory and because of its conceptual elegance. The indirect effects have been large, however, both in contributing to an understanding of fundamental principles that govern the overall behavior of optical systems and in pointing the way to other, more practical, theoretical approaches.Buchdahl approaches the subject not only as a capable mathematical physicist, but as one who with a knowledge of practical optics has made a significant contribution to geometrical optical theory. Buchdahl's approach has, over the last decade, had a major impact on modern lens design with computers. Thus, he brings to this exposition of Hamiltonian optics a familiarity with practical optics not usually found in authors on this subject.The author claims his book to be non-mathematical, and indeed it might be so viewed by a professional mathematician. From the point of view of many physicists and engineers, it will appear to be quite mathematical. Moreover, this is a tightly written book. The subject matter is developed with precision, and the author expects the reader, at very point, to be master of the preceding exposition.12. Hamiltonian theory met with failures as a result of ______.A. newer finding related to the wave particle nature of lightB. very complicated concepts too difficult to understand by most lens designersC. too much mathematical detail in the theoryD. not enough practical information offered by the theory to allow for use by lens crafters13. The author of this passage implies that Introduction to Hamiltonian Optics is necessary to ______.A. the students who are major in mathematical geometryB. those who want to grasp the basic principles of optical systemsC. the lens designers who look for instructions on practical designsD. those who are interested in physics14. The article points out that the great benefits of Hamiltonian optics have been found is ______.A. indirect ways of learning mathematicsB. a fundamental power within the theoryC. the conceptual elegance of the theoryD. the practical applications of the theory in finding new approaches to old problems15. This passage is probably excerpted from ______.A. a review of a bookB. a chemistry textbookC. an optician's essayD. a general science text第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
北京市2020学年高一英语上学期期末考试试题(含解析) (4)
第一学期期末检测试卷高一英语本试卷共10页，100分。
考试时长100分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后，将答题卡交回，试卷自行保存。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
One day, my wife wanted me to take my mother out to dinner and a movie. She said, "I know she loves you and would love to spend some time with you." My mother ___1___(be) a widow（寡妇）for 19 years, but the demands of my work and my three ___2___(child) had made it impossible to visit her very often. That night I called to invite her to go out for dinner and a movie. She thought about it for a moment, and then said, "I would like___3___(spend) the night with you very much."【答案】1. has been2. children3. to spend【解析】这是一篇记叙文。
文章主要讲述了作者的母亲生前为作者做的事，告诉读者爱就是那个心里对某人的不离不弃。
【1题详解】考查现在完成时态。
句意：我母亲已经守寡19年了。
可知，句子用现在完成时态，再根据句子主语是My mother，属于单数第三人称，故填has been。
北京市2020学年高一英语上学期期末考试试题(含解析) (2)
高一英语上学期期末考试试题第I卷（共85分）第一部分：知识运用（共两节，共45分）第一节: 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
On Februry 14, men around the world take out their wives or girlfriends _____1_____ (have) dinner, buying them flowers and gifts. However, people in Japan do it ____2____ (different). On that day, a woman usually ____3____ (give) gifts to the man in her life. This gift comes in the form of chocolate or cookies. One month later, on March 14, they celebrate White Day, when men present gifts to women. Instead of chocolates, they may give handbags, flowers or clothes. ____4____ if a girl wants to receive more gifts on White Day, she should give gifts generously to her loved ones on Valentine's Day.【答案】1. to have2. differently3. gives4. So/Thus【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。
文章介绍了2月14日情人节时，一般世界各地的男人们会带着他们的妻子或女朋友出去吃饭，给她们买鲜花和礼物。
北京市丰台区2019_2020学年高一英语上学期期末考试试题(含解析)
北京市丰台区2019-2020学年高一英语上学期期末考试试题（含解析）一、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）从各题A, B, C三个选项中，选出可以填人空自处的最佳答案。
The big day had finally arrived. I had won the local speech contest(比赛)，representing Madison Middle School. Here it___1___the state competition. I waited backstage for the host to announce____2____name.___3___I had practiced much，I was extremely nervous. My heart was thumping，my palms___4___，and my mouth was dry.“Calm down，”I told myself. Still，picturing an audience of teachers，parents and classmates made me want_____5_____totally.Mr. Patrick，___6___taught me to give speeches，reminded me，“You'll do great. You're prepared. You've come this far.”Mr. Patrick was right. I was ready_____7_____this，and besides，I won first place in the____8____contests. Yet，when I pictured____9____eyes on me waiting for me to mess up，my heart was gradually sinking into my stomach.“You____10____back out now，”I told myself as Mr.Nichols，the host，announced my name and the title of my speech，“My Hero.”1. A. was B. is C. have been2. A. My B. me C. mine3. A. As long as B. even though C. ever since4. A. will sweat B. had sweat C. were sweating5. A. disappear B. to disappear C. disappear6. A. who B. which C. when7. A. to B. at C. for8. A. early B. earlier C. earliest9. A. either B. both C. all10. A. needn’t B. can’t C. mightn’t【答案】1. A 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. B【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。
2019-2020学年北京市丰台区丰台第一中学高三英语期末试题及答案
2019-2020学年北京市丰台区丰台第一中学高三英语期末试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABird migration is described as the regular, seasonal movement of bird populations from one place to another and back again.The longer days and rich food of the northern summer provide greater chances for birds to feed their young. The longer daylight hours and enormous food resources allow birds to lay larger eggs than those of related non-migratory species that remain in the tropics all year round. As the days shorten in autumn and the breeding period is over, the birds return to warmer regions where the available food supply differs little with the seasons changing. The advantages of migration make up for the high stress, physical exertion（消耗）, and other risks of the migration.Day length is the primary environmental factor that encourages birds to prepare for migration. They have an increased appetite which results in weight gaining, giving them the fat reserves that provide energy for their migratory flight. They also show more activity at night, which is when most birds migrate. While the length of day is the primary reason for migration, birds also respond to temperature changes. For example, if a spring is late and the temperature is lower than normal, birds delay migration; if a spring is early, birds also begin migration early.The timing of the migratory cycle must allow birds to arrive on the breeding site so that there is time tobuild a breeding place, mate, lay the eggs, and hatch the young before the rich food is available to feed the young in the nest. Similarly, if birds wait until the climate in their northern breeding grounds becomes tolerable(可忍受的), there will be no time togain the necessary weight that provides the energy needed for their southbound migration.1. Why do birds migrate to the north in spring?A The temperature in the south has risen.B. They like traveling and enjoy the journey.C. The summer there is warmer than that in the south.D. The environment there is more suitable for them to feed their baby birds.2. What are the two factors that cause birds to migrate?A. Day length and food supply.B. Night length and high stress.C. Temperature changes and daylength.D. Food supply and temperature changes.3. Which can be the best title for the text?A. Birds' LifeB. Birds' MigrationC. Birds' Breeding HabitsD. Birds' Living EnvironmentBIf you easily make mistakes when in a hurry, a new study from Michigan State University—the largest of its kind to date-found that meditation (冥想) could help you improve the situation.The research tested how open monitoring meditation (OMM)—or, meditationthat focuses awareness on feelings or thoughts as they unfold in one’s mind and body—alteredbrain activity in a way that suggested increased error recognition.“People’s interest in meditation is outpacing what science can prove in terms of effects and benefits.” said Jeff Lin, MSU psychology doctoral candidate and study co-author. “But it’s amazing to me that we were able to see how one session of a guided meditation could produce changes to brain activity in non-meditators.”“Some forms of meditation have you focus on a single object, commonly your breath, but open monitoring meditation is a bit different,” Lin said, “It has you tune inward and pay attention to everything going on in your mind and body. The goal is to sit quietly and pay close attention to where the mind travels without getting too caught up in the scenery.”Lin and his MSU co-authors—William Eckerle, Ling Peng and Jason Moser—hired more than 200 participants to test how open monitoring meditation affected how people detect and respond toerrors.The participants, who had never meditated before, were taken through a 20-minute open monitoring meditation exercise while the researchers measured brain activity through electroencephalography (脑电图), or EEG. Then, they completed a computerized distraction (分心) test.“The EEG can measure brain activity at the millisecond level, so we got precise measures of brain activity right after mistakes compared to correct responses,” Lin said. “A certain neural signal occurs about half a second after an error called the error positivity, which is linked to conscious error recognition. We found that the strength of this signal is increased in the meditators to controls.”“These findings show what just 20 minutes of open monitoring meditation can do to improve the brain’s ability to detect and pay attention to mistakes,” Moser said.4. What does the underlined word “altered” in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Changed.B. Prevented.C. Started.D. Recorded.5. Why is open monitoring meditation different?A. It is just aimed at a single object.B. It clears your mind of everything.C. It gets too caught up in the scenery.D. It focuses on where the mind travels.6. What did the researchers do for the studyA. They hired people who had meditated before.B. They measured the participants’ brain activity.C. They reminded the participants to avoid errors.D. They had non-meditators design a distraction test.7. What is the best title for the text?A. Turn to OMM to Avoid Acting in a HurryB. You’re Able to Recognize Errors ConsciouslyC. Meditators’ Brain Proves Much More ActiveD. OMM Can Help You Make Fewer MistakesCI had very good parents. My mother came toAmericafromScotlandby herself when she was 11, and she didn’t have much education. My dad was kind of a street kid, and he eventually went into the insurance business, selling nickel policies door to door.One day, my dad asked his boss, “What's the toughest market to sell?” and the insurance guy replied “Well, black people. They don’t buy insurance.” My dad thought, but they have kids; they have families. Why wouldn’t they buy insurance? So he said, “Give meHarlem.”When my dad died in 1994, I talked about him onThe Tonight Show. I told the story of how he worked in Harlem and how he always taught us to be open-minded and not to say or think things of racism (种族主义). Then one day, I got a letter from a woman who was about 75 years old.She wrote that when she was a little girl, a man used to come to her house to collect policies. She said this man was the only white person who had ever come to dinner at their house. The man was very kind to her, she said, and his name was Angelo—was this my father?The letter made me cry. I called her up and said yes, that was in fact my dad, and she told me how kind he had been to her family. Her whole attitude toward white people was based on that one nice man she met in her childhood, who always treated her with kindness and respect and always gave her a piece of candy. From this experience, I learned a valuable life lesson: never judge people and be open-minded and kind to others.8. What did my father do after knowing what was the toughest market to sell?A. He asked his boss to give him some insurance.B. He went toScotlandto improve his education.C. He specially went to white families with kids.D. He choseHarlemto face the toughest challenge.9. What can we learn from the third paragraph?A. It was rare that a businessman had dinner in his customer's house.B. Angelo was the only white person to sell insurance inHarlem.C. The little girl admired Angelo very much.D. Racism was a serious problem inAmericaat that time.10. Which of the following can best describe the author’s father?A. Stubborn and generous.B. Patient and intelligent.C. Determined and open-minded.D. Confident and romantic.11. What can be the best title of the passage?A. Memories from a TV Show.B. A Letter from an Old Lady.C. Life Lessons from My Father.D. My Father's Experience inHarlem.DWhile the start of a new school year is always exciting, this year was even more so for some elementary school students inAuckland,New Zealand. They became the world’s first kids to be “taught” by a digital teacher.Before you start imagining a human-like robot walking around the classroom, Will is just an avatar that appears on the student’s desktop, or smartphone screen, when ordered to come.The autonomous animation platform has been modeled after the human brain and nervous system, allowing it to show human-like behavior. The digital teacher is assigned to teach Vector’s “Be sustainable with energy”— a free program forAucklandelementary schools.Just like the humans it replaced, Will is able to instantly react to the students’ responses to the topic. Thanks to a webcam and microphone, the avatar not only responds to questions the kids may have, but also picks up non-verbal cues. For instance, if a student smiles at Will, he responds by smiling back. This two-way interaction not only helps attract the students’ attention, but also allows the program’s developers to monitor their engagement, and make changes if needed.Nikhil Ravishankar believes that Will-like avatars could be a novel way to catch the attention of the nextgeneration. He says, “I have a lot of hope in this technology as a means to deliver cost-effective, rich, educational experience in the future.”The program, in place since August 2018, has been a great success thus far. Ravishankar says, “ What was fascinating to me was the reaction of the children to Will. The way they look at the world is so creative and different, and Will really captured their attention.” However, regardless of how popular it becomes, Will is unlikely to replace human educators any time soon.12. What was special for some elementary school students inAuckland?A. A digital teacher taught them.B. They first saw something digital.C. This was the start of a new school year.D. They could get close to smartphone screen.13. What is the benefit of this two-way interaction?A. It can smile back.B. It can use microphone.C. It can talk any topic for free.D. It can change if necessary.14. What’s Ravishankar’s attitude to Will’s replacing Human educators soon?A. Optimistic.B. Doubtful.C. Unclear.D. Disapproving.15. What might be the best title for the passage?A. New High-tech Contributes to EducationB. The World’s First Digital Teacher Appears in Classroom.C. The World’s First Digital Teacher, a Help to StudentsD.New ZealandWill Replace Teachers in Classrooms第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
丰台区2019-2020学年度第一学期高三期末练习答案
丰台区2019-2020学年度第一学期高三英语期末练习答案及评分参考2020.01第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）1. what2. stood3. was saved4. well/better5. enlarges6. who/that7. themselves8. called9. bringing 10. honesty第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）11. C 12. B 13. B 14. D 15. A 16. C 17. D 18. B 19. A 20. B21. D 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. D第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）31. A 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B 36. B 37. D 38. C 39. D 40. A41. C 42. C 43. B 44. A 45. D第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）46. A 47. G 48. B 49. C 50. F第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）第一节（15分）一、评分原则：1．本题总分为15分，按4个档次给分。
2．评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言质量初步确定其档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。
3．评分时应考虑：内容是否完整，逻辑是否清晰，交际是否得体，语言是否规范。
4．拼写、标点符号或书写影响内容表达时，应视其影响程度予以考虑。
英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。
5．词数少于50，从总分中减去1分。
三、One possible version：Dear Jim,I’m glad to hear from you. In your last letter, you showed great interest in sports activities held in our school. Let me introduce it to you.Our PE subject is well received by all students because various sports courses are offered and we can do different sports of our own choice. After class, there are many sports clubs available for us to enjoy our spare time and develop athletic skills. Our school also holds some regular sports events such as sports meet in September, where everyone can experience the spirit of sports.All these sports events have brought us great benefits. They have encouraged us to do physical exercise actively and strengthened our sense of team cooperation.What sports activities are held in your school?Yours,Li Hua第二节（20分）一、评分原则：1．本题总分为20分，按5个档次给分。
【解析】北京市丰台区2019-2020学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题
2019北京丰台区高一（上）期末英语试题一、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）从各题A, B, C三个选项中，选出可以填人空自处的最佳答案。
The big day had finally arrived. I had won the local speech contest(比赛)，representing Madison Middle School. Here it___1___the state competition. I waited backstage for the host to announce____2____name.___3___I had practiced much，I was extremely nervous. My heart was thumping，my palms___4___，and my mouth was dry.“Calm down，”I told myself. Still，picturing an audience of teachers，parents and classmates made me want_____5_____totally.Mr. Patrick，___6___taught me to give speeches，reminded me，“You'll do great. You're prepared. You've come this far.”Mr. Patrick was right. I was ready_____7_____this，and besides，I won first place inthe____8____contests. Yet，when I pictured____9____eyes on me waiting for me to mess up，my heart was gradually sinking into my stomach.“You____10____back out now，”I told myself as Mr.Nichols，the host，announced my name and the title of my speech，“My Hero.”1. A. was B. is C. have been2. A. My B. me C. mine3. A. As long as B. even though C. ever since4. A. will sweat B. had sweat C. were sweating5. A. disappear B. to disappear C. disappear6. A. who B. which C. when7. A. to B. at C. for8. A. early B. earlier C. earliest9. A. either B. both C. all10. A. needn’t B. can’t C. mightn’t【答案】1. A 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. B本文是一篇记叙文。
北京市2019学年高一上学期期末英语试卷含解析
高一上学期期末考试英 语注意事项：1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。
写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第I 卷（选择题）一、完形填空As a teenager, I was pretty lazy when it came to doing things for my family. I worked hard at school, and sometimes looked after my younger sister. Still, I found myself regularly resisting the urge to 1 out at home with even the simplest things.Every Wednesday afternoon, for example, my mother 2 me to another town for a piano lesson. During my two-hour lesson, she'd rush to the nearby store and buy a week's worth of 3 . Given the fact that my mom had driven me twelve miles there, twelve miles back, 4 for my lesson, and bought me a candy bar, you'd think I'd be very 5 to help her bring the groceries into the house. 6 I wasn't. I generally just brought in an armload and left the 7 for Mom as I ran to my room, shut the door, and started studying.Don't get me wrong: even back in my room, I felt 8 about not helping my mother more. Deep inside, I wanted to change my 9 But I also realized that once I did change, there'd be no going back. 10 I took on more responsibility, my parents would start 11 more of me. At age fifteen, I sensed that this one small change would 12 something much bigger: my personal change from a cared-for, spoiled (被宠坏的) child to a more 13 caring and giving young man.I'll never forget the Wednesday when I made a(n) 14 to jump in and see what happened. Returning home from the 15 I disappeared into my room, as usual. But once inside, I felt that deep and burning 16 .Throwing my school books on the bed, I suddenly opened my door and 17 back tothe garage to help my mother. How happy I felt that day!Surely, over time, I continued to help out with more housework. The neat thing was, the more I helped out, the 18 I felt about myself and my place in my family. As Mom and Dad realized they could 19on me more, our trips became far less stressful, too. In short, it was a win-win situation for everyone.Sometimes the little things we put off doing the longest 20 out to be the simplest things to complete. And feeling happy beats feeling guilty any day.1．A ．start B ．cry C ．help D ．work 2．A ．sent B ．guided C ．walked D ．drove 3．A ．fruits B ．flowers C ．groceries D ．vegetables 4．A ．fought B ．paid C ．applied D ．planned 5．A ．grateful B ．nervous C ．confident D ．unwilling 6．A ．So B ．And C ．Thus D ．But7．A ．one B ．other C ．next D ．rest8．A ．excited B ．curious C ．doubtful D ．guilty 9．A ．way B ．world C ．career D ．shape 10．A ．Once B ．Though C ．Unless D ．Since11．A ．warning B ．reminding C ．expecting D ．informing 12．A ．mark B ．tell C ．express D ．describe13．A ．energetic B ．ambitious C ．outgoing D ．responsible 14．A ．excuse B ．decision C ．statement D ．appointment 15．A ．duty B ．lesson C ．store D ．holiday 16．A ．shame B ．anger C ．delight D ．pleasure 17．A ．called B ．looked C ．headed D ．handed 18．A ．smarter B ．better C ．warmer D ．stronger 19．A ．live B ．press C ．focus D ．count 20．A ．make B ．turn C ．point D ．bring 二、阅读理解I am Henry Jekyll. I was born in the 1 800s. I inherited(继承) a large fortune, a healthy body and an excellent mind. I was naturally hard-working and soon I was very successful in my job. So the outside world saw a serious, hard-working, successful doctor. Behind this quiet character, however, was a wild, fun-loving, irresponsible young man. Both of them were me. They lived together in the same body.“Was it possible," I wondered, “to find a drug that could give each side of my character its own separate face and body?"此卷只装订不密封班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号After much thought and careful study I believed I had found the answer. I had read many scientific books and spent many hours in my laboratory, searching for the right mixture of chemicals to make my drug. At last I got everything ready.Late one night, I mixed everything together and prepared my drug. I watched the smoke rising from the liquid as its color changed from red to purple and at last to green. Then, bravely, I drank every bitter drop.I felt a violent sickness in my stomach and a terrible pain in all my bones. The room seemed to turn round and round and I trembled with fear. Then the fear and pain disappeared and a strange, sweet feeling took its place. Wild thoughts danced through my mind- the wild passions of an evil and cruel stranger. But inside myself I felt younger, light er, more carefree than ever before. "If this is pure evil," I thought, “I like it.”I stood there, enjoying these strange new thoughts and passions and suddenly realized that I was shorter. So I decided to go to my bedroom in my new body and take a look at myself in the mirror there. As I came into my room, I saw Edward Hyde for the first time.At that time, the good side of my character was stronger than the evil side. Henry Jekyll had his faults, but he was mostly a good, kind man. I believe that is the reason why Edward Hyde was so much smaller than Henry Jekyll. But that was not the only difference between the two men. Henry Jekyll had a kind, open, honest face. But pure evil stared out of Edward Hyde's eyes. I felt no dislike, however. Indeed, I welcomed him. Edward Hyde was me, young and strong and full of life.21．In others' eyes, the writer was _____________.A．wild and successful B．fun-loving and responsibleC．serious and hard-working D．quiet and irresponsible22．The writer wanted to find a drug to _____________.A．discover the right mixture of chemicalsB．observe the change of the chemicalsC．create separate bodies for both sidesD．make himself smaller but stronger23．From the passage we can learn that the writer _____________.A．was satisfied with both of his bodiesB．preferred kind Henry to pure evil EdwardC．was very sick of the shorter Edward HydeD．felt quite delighted right after taking the drugEnvelope BudgetFrom McDonald's to Sonic, fast food had a bad effect on my waistline and my budget. It was nothing to run to a drive-through to pick up a cold drink or a quick bite to eat. It was so easy to use my card for a small purchase. For me, I got a lot of satisfaction from fast food.One day I sat down and calculated that I was spending a surprising $40 a week on fast food. This was a lot of iced coffee and hamburgers! Instead of reducing my guilty pleasures, I decided to give myself a strong budget to reduce my consumption. Every Monday I placed an envelope with $20 in my purse. That was my fast food budget for the entire week. If there was anything left over at the end of the week, it was mine to save or spend. If I spent all of the money during the week, there were no more fast food stops that week.The budget made me more mindful of my purchases. Instead of purchasing a large drink from Sonic, I would purchase a small. It was sill satisfying but not nearly as pricey. Instead of eating a whole meal, I would pick the part that I actually wanted. Many days, the thought of hanging onto the money for a special purpose meant more to me than the instant satisfaction of fast food. I never really felt unhappy because it was a conscious choice to spend or save with each purchase.Envelope budget kept me honest. I had a clear idea how much money was spent each week on fast food purchases. I started to bring my lunches more often to save more money for the week. It was a fun challenge to see how much I could save every week.Changing the way I spent on fast food not only helped my budget, but improved my weight. In the first month I was able to get rid of 5 pounds by simply changing the way I approached spending on fast food. Now I am more likely to bring my lunch than to buy it. I am not upset, but empowered to make positive choices to improve my life.24．According to Paragraph 1, the author _____________.A．was fond of fast food very muchB．had no time to cook for herselfC．lived with a small amount of moneyD．got some benefits from using her card25．The author set her envelope budget to _____________.A．buy fast food at a good bargainB．save money to buy more fast foodC．get rid of the habit of eating fast foodD．make fast food spending under control26．We can infer from the last paragraph that _____________.A．it is unusual to make some changesB．the budget means a pressure on lifeC．envelope budget is good for healthD．it is hard to enjoy a healthy lifestyle27．What is the passage mainly about?A．Why the author became addicted to fast food.B．How envelope budget changed the author's life.C．How fast food controlled the author's behavior.D．Why the author took envelope budget seriously.Senses That Work TogetherWhen we think about how our senses work, we usually imagine them operating separately: you sniff a flower, and the smell is delivered uninterrupted from nose to brain. However, it's more complex than that. Most evidence for cross modal perception (知觉) comes from studies into sound and vision (视觉). But research that shows other senses crossing over is coming out all the time, and it seems that even sound and smell sometimes form an unlikely pairing.When New York researchers, Daniel Wesson and Donald Wilson, tried to find out the truth about a "mysterious” area of the brain called the olfactory tubercle, they had to deal with this fact. Originally, they only intended to measure how olfactory tubercle cells in mice responded to smell. But during testing, Wesson noticed that every time he put his coffee cup down, the mouse cells jumped in activity. In fact, the olfactory tubercle is well-placed to receive both smell and sound information from the outside world. Later they found that among separate cells, most responded to a smell but a significant number were also active when a sound was made. Some cells even behaved differently when smell and sound were presented together, by increasing or decreasing their activity.Of course, mice aren't people, so research team has been carrying out further experiments. They pulled together a group of people and gave them various drinks to smell. Participants were asked to sniff the drinks, and then match them to appropriate musical instruments and produce the notes at different levels. The results were interesting: piano was regularly paired with fruity fragrances; strong smells sounded like the instruments that are made of metal.Further research found that listening to different sounds can change your perceptions. Studying taste this time, the team ordered some special toffee (太妃糖) and put together “soundscapes” corresponding to bitterness and sweetness. Participants tasted similar pieces of toffee while listening to each soundscape, and found the toffee more bitter or sweeter, depending on which soundrack they were listening to.Studies like this are helping scientists correctly describe our understanding of the senses, and how the brain combines them with its advantage. The consequences are worth considering. Could we see musicians work together with chefs to produce sound-improved food and drink? Will you be ordering a coffee with a soundrack to bring out your favorite smell? Come to think of it, that could be one thing you hope coffee shop chains don’t get round to.28．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 refer to?A．A lot of research focuses on the senses.B．There can be a link between sound and smell.C．Sound and vision are relatively easy to study.D．Evidence about the way senses work is hard to obtain.29．In Wesson and Wilson's research,__________.A．the mice were affected more significantly by soundB．the result confirmed what the researchers had suspectedC．the connection between sound and smell was found by chanceD．the mice seemed to be afraid of certain sounds or smells30．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?A．Participants took an active part in the experiments.B．The purpose of the further experiments was totally different.C．The result failed to support what was found in previous experiments.D．Experiments showed that links between sound and smell were consistent.31．How does the author feel about the effect of the research?A．She is surprised at the recent developments.B．She is excited about the creative chances.C．She is convinced that the findings will be used soon.D．She is worried about how the knowledge can be applied.Work and the Young: Generation Jobless“YOUNG people ought not to be idl e (闲置的) . It is very bad for them," said MargaretThatcher in 1984. She was right: there are few worse things that society can do to its young than to leave them ignored.Yet more young people are idle than ever. The International Labour Organization reports that 75m (m=million) young people globally are looking for a job. World Bank surveys suggest that 262m young people are economically inactive. The number of young people without a job is nearly as large as the population of America (311m).Two factors play a big part. First, the long slowdown in the West has reduced demand for labour, and it is easier to put off hiring young people than it is to fire older workers. Second, inemerging economies population growth is the fastest in countries with disordered labour markets, such as India and Egypt.One possible way to settle this problem is to stimulate growth. That is easier said than done in a world suffering from debt, and is anyway a possible answer. The countries where the problem is worst (such as Spain and Egypt) suffered from high youth unemployment even when their economies were growing. Throughout the recession ( 经济不景气)，companies have continued to complain that they cannot find young people with the right skills. This underlines the importance of two other solutions: reforming labour markets and improving education.Youth unemployment is often at its worst in countries with inflexible labour markets. High taxes on hiring, strict rules about firing, high minimum wages: all these help force young people to the street corner. South Africa has some of the highest unemployment, in part because it has powerful trade unions and inflexible rules about hiring and firing. Many countries with high youth unemployment rate have high minimum wages and heavy taxes on labour. India has around 200 laws on work and pay.Across the OECD (经合组织) , people who left school at the earliest opportunity are twice as likely to be unemployed as university graduates. But it is unwise to conclude that governments should simply continue increasing the number of people who graduate from university. In both Britain and the United States many people with arts degrees are finding it impossible to get appropriate jobs. In North Africa university graduates are twice as likely to be unemployed as non-graduates.What matters is not just number of years of education people get, but its content. This means expanding the study of science and technology and closing the gap between the world of education and the world of work-for example by upgrading vocational education and by building closer relations between companies and schools. Germany, which has the second lowest level of youth unemployment in the rich world, owns long-history system of vocational schooling and apprenticeships (学徒制).The problem of youth unemployment has been getting worse for several years. But there are at last some reasons for hope. Governments are trying to address the mismatch between education and the labour market. Companies are beginning to take more responsibility for the young. The world has a real chance of introducing an education-and-training revolution worthy of the solution to the problem.32．According to the passage, which of the following statements may the author approve of ?A．A flexible labour market is not enough to raise youth employment.B．As long as the economy grows youth unemployment will soon be settled.C．Firms fire more older workers than the young in the economic slowdown.D．Powerful trade unions and high minimum wages lead to high employment.33．The author mentioned the German's education system in order to show_____________.A．rich countries are responsible for high youth unemploymentB．the problem of youth unemployment has been settledC．companies have more responsibilities to settle youth unemploymentD．the match between education and the labour market can reduce youth unemployment34．What does the underlined phrase "vocational education” mean in Para.7 ?A．Technical trainingB．Higher educationC．Moral educationD．Business courses35．The passage mainly talks about _____________.A．the need for labour market revolutionB．possible ways to settle global youth unemploymentC．the relations between education and employmentD．factors contributing to low youth unemployment第II卷（非选择题）三、其他36．Parties at Bruno's house were always dominated by Grandmother's singing, which for some reason always seemed to ___________ the moment when Mother moved from the main party area to the kitchen, followed by some of her own friends.A．put up with B．coincide withC．come up with D．contradict37．However, Mother and Father's voices were muffled and hard to___________, Grandfather's was not to be heard at all, while grandmother's was surprisingly blurred.A．comment on B．make senseC．make out D．weigh up38．The pyjama people all jumped to attention whenever the soldiers ___________ and sometimes they fell to the ground and sometimes they didn't even get up and had to be carried away instead.A．assumed B．salutedC．vanished D．approached39．"Poland,' said Bruno thoughtfully, ___________ the word on his tongue.A．weighing up B．making up forC．insisting D．winding up40．An hour before the Fury ___________ Gretel and Bruno were brought downstairs, where they received a rare invitation into Father's office.A．soaked up the applause of the guests B．showed offC．erupted in excitement D．was due to arrive41．Shmuel watched him do this and ___________ nervously. "I have to go back,' he said.A．phrased the question B．backed awayC．shrugged his shoulders D．steadied himself42．Every afternoon when classes were finished Bruno took the long walk along the fence and sat and talked with his new friend Shmuel until it was time to come home, and that had started to___________all the times he had missed Berlin.A．run into B．march intoC．make up for D．glare at43．‘We're not close, my father and I,' said Lieutenant Kotler quickly, looking around the table as ifhe___________. ‘Really, we haven't spoken in years.'A．was particularly impressed B．stayed rooted to the groundC．felt increasingly fed up D．owed everyone an explanation44．Gretel opened her mouth and stared at him before_____________. ‘An imaginary friend!' she cried.'Aren't you a little old for an imaginary friend?'A．taking a deep breath B．breaking into a laughC．exploding D．trembling45．He sat in the living room for several hours but couldn't concentrate on his book and didn't dare to go back to the kitchen until later that evening, when lieutenant Kotler had already come back and ___________ Shmuel and taken him away again.A．collected B．investigatedC．irritated D．confirmed 四、单词拼写请根据提示，用单词的正确形式填空。
2019-2020学年北京市丰台区丰台路中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题及答案
2019-2020学年北京市丰台区丰台路中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ASheffieldLincoln College of EnglishClasses for foreign students at all levels.3 months, 6 months, 9 months and one year course.Open all year.Small class (at most 12 students).Library, language laboratory and listening center.Accommodation (住宿)with selected families.25 minutes from London.Course fees for English for one year are￡1,380 with reduction for shorter periods of study.1.This passage is probably taken from _______.A.an advertisementB.a noticeC.a posterD.a piece of news2.Who will be accepted by this college?A.Both foreign and native students.B.Only foreign beginners and the advanced.C.Foreign students from beginners to the advanced.D.Only foreign students advanced.3.While you stay there, who will take care of you?A.Your parents.B.Your classmates.C.The school where you study.D.The family you have chosen.BJohn Montefiore's path to graduation from theUniversityofTorontowas a little unusual. He recently completed his bachelor's degree(学士学位) which he started in1995.Montefiore left university in 1996 and tried to tell himself that a degree wasn't necessary for personal success. But it remained unfinished businessuntil he made the decision to return in 2018 at the age 42. At that time, his job development stalled, so he made up his mind to go back to school in order to improve himself and work well in future.The second time around, Montefiore never missed a class and always sat in the front row. He found many courses invaluable and he received the Award of Excellence twice. He found support services played an important role in his successful return. He said, “I hadn't written a paper for years, so I found the college writing centre to be of great use. Before I handed in a paper, they would give me feedback, which was really great. The university has so much built in to help students succeed and I'm so thankful for that.” But he also met difficulties this time. As a student much older than others, he found it harder to make friends with classmates.However, no matter what had happened before, he finally got his bachelor's degree. He said, “After all these years, I had thought it wouldn't mean anything, but it means a lot. I totally understand the value of education now. It's not necessarily the value that other people see in it, but the value it gives me as a person, for my confidence and my self-esteem. It also helps me prepare well before I re-enter the workplace.”4. Why was Montefiore's graduation unusual?A. He had achieved personal success before.B. He understood the importance of a degree.C. He finished his degree at a much older age.D. He began his university study at a young age.5. What does the underlined word "stalled" in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Stopped.B. Started.C. Survived.D. Succeeded.6. What can we learn about Montefiore from the third paragraph?A. He got good grades very easily.B. He took his study seriously this timeC. He was thankful for his classmates' helpD. He had difficulty using support services.7. What did Montefiore learn from his experience?A. Confidence is important in one's life.B. Others' opinions on education matter a lot.C. Higher education is a must for personal success.D. Education makes one feel better about himself.CFor our official holidays, like the National Holiday, many people'd like to go on a visit to some places of interest. Yesterday our class had a heated discussion about whether we should travel during holidays.One man's meat is another man's poison.Some students are for it. They think visitors can enjoy a good variety of scenery. Facing glorious(壮丽的) touristattractions, travelers may well broaden their eyes. At the same time, they can keep fit by walking on foot, and taste different delicious food that they can't get in their own hometowns. What's more, travelling can make a contribution to our economy development, mainly to the local economy development. Most travelers need to buy tickets to go to their destinations, thus traffic department will earn money. Travelers also need to sleep and eat, thus local hotels and restaurants also share benefits. Paying admission(门票费) benefits local governments. As for native farmers, they can benefit from selling local specialities to many travelers. In this case, money circulation(货币流通) is speeded up.On the other hand, other students are against it. They believe it's a waste of money. Some famous places of interest are too crowded, while those smaller ones are not worth visiting. Travelling may cause traffic jams here and there. What's worse, due to travelling here and there, there exist some accidents on the road. Besides, it's known that travelling can also pollute the local environment. In order to reduce air and waste pollution, people should have a rest to the full, reading books or watching TV at home. Recently, many have been afraid of being infected with COVID-19 in particular.As far as I am concerned, travelling is a good choice to spend holidays. And the government should take some measures to solve the existing problems. More policemen should be on duty to deal with accidents in time. Can we make a small change to the period when people don't have to go to work in some provinces? Let's take the example of the National Holiday, if some provinces of our country spend this holiday mainly in late September, with the National Day coming to an end, rather than in earlyOctober, most famous places of interest will not become crowded. At the same time, visitors must obey traffic rules and shouldn't throw rubbish freely here and there. Last but not least, never should we travel when there is a pandemic(大流行病，瘟疫). It's our duty to prevent its spread.8. What does the underlined sentence “One man's meat is another man's poison” in this passage mean?A. Some persons like meat, while others don't.B. Different persons taste meals differently.C. A man mistakes meat for poison.D. Different persons have different opinions on one thing.9. How do travelers contribute to our economy development?A. They buy all kinds of tickets.B. They walk, sleep, eat and meet native farmers.C. They speed up money circulation by spending money on transport, accommodations(膳宿), specialities and admission.D. They only enjoy visiting many glorious tourist attractions.10. Which sentence of the following is not true?A. There's a need for more policemen.B Some provinces can change the date of an official holiday completely.C. Visitors must obey traffic rules and shouldn't throw rubbish freely.D. People should never travel when there is a pandemic.11. What the author's attitude to travel during holidays?A. He doesn't show his opinion.B. He doesn't agree at all.C. He supports unconditionally.D. He supports and makes some suggestions.DNostalgia (怀旧) has become increasingly common in our current climate of accelerated, unexpected change. More and more Americans are turning back with longing towhat feels like simpler, sweeter times. They collect cassette tapes, manual typewriters even decades-old video games.Is it a mistake to get too obsessed with the past? Some psychologists warn that too much devotion to the so-called good old days is an escape from reality; it can indicate loneliness or that a person is having a difficult time coping in the present. Psychologist Stephanie Coontz argues that nostalgia distracts us from addressing the problems of modern life and contribute to anxiety, depression , insomnia etc.But new studies suggest that a modest dose of nostalgia is not only harmless, but actually beneficial. They suggest it helps strengthen our sense of identity and makes us feel more optimistic and inspired. It is also a tool for self — discovery and memories are a psychological immune response that is triggered when you want to take a break from negativity. Interestingly, those happy memories can be particularly beneficial both to kids in their teens and to society's elders. Recalling our childhood reminds us of “the times when we were accepted and loved unconditionally," says Krystine Batcho, a psychologist. "That is such a powerfully comforting phenomenon, knowing that there was a time in life when we didn't have to earn our love." Nostalgia can transform even the most ordinary past into legends which warms the heart and the body. Let's not forget that nostalgia has been asource of inspiration to innumerable American writers. Mark Twain recalled his boyhood, writing, "after all these years, I can picture that old time to myself now, just as it was then：The white town drowsing in the sunshine of a summer's morning."So go ahead, daydream a little about your best childhood friend, your first car, a long - gone family pct. As Dr. Sedikidessays，"Nostalgia is ly central to human experience. "But at the same time, keep these words of wisdom from the great inventor Charles Kettering in mind as well："You can't have a better tomorrow if you are thinking about yesterday all the time. "312. What did some psychologists in paragraph 2 probably agree?A. Nostalgia will cause some mental problems.B. Nostalgia makes us devoted to the good old days.C. Nostalgia shows you are trying to get rid of loneliness.D. Nostalgia helps us cope with the difficult time we are going through.13. There are many benefits of nostalgia except ________A. It can enable us to know ourselves better.B. It can bring us some comfort when we recall.C. We are likely to gain attention if we recall the happy childhood.D. We can sometimes break away from negativity with happy memories.14. What will be talked about in the following paragraph?A. The bad influence of too much devotion to nostalgia.B. The reasons why we should avoid nostalgia.C. The bad memories that always stick around you.D. The great changes nostalgia will bring to you.15. What's the best title of the passage?A. We all have a soft spot for nostalgia.B. Nostalgia is actually good for you.C. Don't be carried away by nostalgia.D. There are many times when we like to recall.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年北京市丰台区丰台第一中学高三英语期末试题及参考答案
2019-2020学年北京市丰台区丰台第一中学高三英语期末试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABob and Sue Harvey spent nine years as resident fellows in a dormitory at Sanford and in their bookVirtual Reality and The College Freshman, they write “The Freshman oftenfaces an identity problem during the first semester.” College is a more pressured environment than it used to be, in part because the academic gap between high school and college has increased. Many college freshmen have never had to make independent decisions about sex, drugs and alcohol. Most don’t know how to manage their time or money. They often feel lonely and overwhelmed, resulting in anxiety and depression.Nancy Corbin, director of clinical service for student-counseling (咨询) services at Iowa State University, says her office is seeing a significant increase in requests for counseling from freshmen who are having trouble making the adjustment to college life. She says older teenagers increasingly lack the skills to deal with personal problems that aren’t easily defined or fixed. And they get homesick but have a hard time admitting it.Parents and high schools can make things easier on freshmen by preparing them differently. For example, by teaching them to budget their hours and dollars. The Harveys think high schools should offer a college-life course. “Parents need to focus more on relationship and personal issues and less on how many sheets and towels to take,” they say. Many homesick freshmen think they’ll be regarded as failures if they come home before Thanksgiving. So parents can help by letting them know they’re welcome to return if they feel the need. In the meantime, parents have to find new ways to keep in touch with their college kids. One of the best ways is e-mail. It’s less unpleasant and less expensive than constant phone calls and is more likely to be answered than a handwritten letter.1. Why is the first semester difficult for freshmen in college?A. Because they often fail in exams.B. Because they lack time and money.C. Because they are too homesick to make new friends.D. Because they have to settle personal issues on their own.2. In the last paragraph, it is suggested that ________.A. parents should stop buying anything for their kidsB. parents should develop a good relationship with their kidsC. parents should be taught how to send e-mails to their kidsD. parents should work with high schools in college-life courses3. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A. Hard Life of College FreshmenB. Approaches to Trouble in CollegeC. Freshmen’s Adaptation ProblemsD. A Strange Phenomenon in CollegeBIf you have ever been disappointed because you don’t have a good gardener ,the clever robot may one day become the helper of your indoor plantsThe Hexa Plant is a six-legged robot that has been specially made to care for the potted plant that carries on top of its head .Using light and heats sensors (传感器) the robot has the ability to carry its plant in and out the daylight .If the houseplant needs more sun，the Hexa will walk into the sunlight ;and if the houseplant is getting too hot , the Hexa will go back into the area that blocks direct light The Hexa Plant will even do a little dance when it senses that the plant needs to be watered to warn its owner .The robot was developed by Vincross engineer and founder Sun Tianqi after he saw a dead sunflower sitting in the darkness in a room back in 2014 .” Plants only receive an action without responding ,”SunTianqi wrote in a blog post .” Whether they are being cut ,bitten ,burned or pulled from the earth ,or when they haven’t received enough sunshine ,water ,or are too hot or cold ,they will hold still and take whatever is happening to them .According to Sun Tianqi ,for billions of years ,plants have never experienced movement of any kind ,not even the simplest movement .In their whole lives ,they stick to where they were born .Sun Tianqi continued ,” Do they want break their own settings or have a tendency towards this ?I do not know the answer ,but would love to try to share some of this human tendency and technology with plants With the help of the robot ,plants can experience the move”.The Hexa Plant model robots are not for sale ,though Vincross does sell a Hexa robot model .It is said that in the near future the robots can open up a new market to watch over our household plants4. What can we learn about the Hexa Plant?A. It helps people do some gardening .B. It waters the plants through dancingC. It helps indoor plants get proper sunlightD. It carries the potted plant with its hands5. What does the author try to show through Paragraph 3?A. The way plants spend their whole livesB. The common way people deal with plantsC. The difference between plants and humansD. The cause of making the indoor plants’ helper.6. What does Sun Tianqi try do using this technology?A. To develop gardening skills.B. To draw people’s attention plantsC. make plants experience moveD. study the living conditions of plants7. What can be the best title for the text?A. A New Market for robotsB. An Indoor Plants’ HelperC. An Important Development in GardeningD The Tendency of Gardening in the FutureCOne-year-old Tallulah turned purple and stopped moving after the sweet became stuck in her throat. Her mum Leigh-Anne said the drama began during a visit to her grandma’s house when her grandparents gave her older kids some sweets.“Then at about 4:45 pm, Tallulah started to choke—we all went into a panic.”“It seemed like it went on for ages. Not one of us knew what to do.”“I rang an ambulance while my grandma and granddad tried to get the sweet to come up.”“Tallulah was panicking at first but then she started to go purple—she almost had no oxygen left in her.”With her daughter limp (无力的) and time running out, Leigh—Anne knew she couldn’t afford to wait for the ambulance to arrive.“The only thing I could think was to go out into the street.” She said.“I rushed out and screamed for someone to help while my grandma rushed out crying with Tallulah.”At exactly the moment, Caitlin, who is studying public services atRedcarCollege, was passing byQueen Street. She said, “I was waiting to go to work when I heard someone screaming for help, so I ran straight over.”The 17-year-old girl added, “Something just clicked and I went into auto mode. The little girl was completely limp, so I checked her airways and tilted (使倾斜) her over and started hitting her back. I turned her round and tapped on her chest, then after what felt like forever she coughed up the sweet and spat it out.As soon as she started crying I felt a huge relief. I was just so pleased I was able to help.”Caitlin was taught her lifesaving skills when she joined the Army Cadets four years ago.8. When did Tallulah get choked?A. While eating sweets.B. While enjoying a drama.C. While having a meal.D. While taking some medicine.9. Why did the family go out into the street?A. To buy some needed tools.B. To search for timely help.C. To get a breath of fresh air.D. To wait for the ambulance to arrive.10. Which of the following can best describe Caitlin?A. Brave and selfless.B. Kind and energetic.C. Determined and generous.D. Quick-thinking and helpful.11. What may be the best title for the text?A. First aid skill sounds important.B. Screaming for help makes sense.C. Eating sweets endangers baby girl.D. Heroic teenager saves baby girl’s life.DMost people around the world are right-handed. This also seems to be true in history. In 1799, scientists studied works of art made at different times from 1,500 B.C. to the 1950s. Most of the people shown in these works are right-handed, so the scientists guessed that right-handedness has always been common through history. Today, only about 10% to 15% of the world’s population is left-handed.Why are there more right-handed people than left-handed ones? Scientists now know that a person’s two hands each have their own jobs. For most people, the left hand is used to find things or hold things. The right hand is used to work with things. This is because of the different work of the two sides of the brain. The right side of the brain, which makes a person’s hands and eyes work together, controls the left hand. The left-side of the brain, which controls the right hand, is the centre for thinking and doing problems. These findings show that more artists should be left-handed, and studies have found that left-handedness is twice as common among artists as among people in other jobs.No one really knows what makes a person become right-handed instead of left-handed. Scientists have foundthat almost 40% of the people become left-handed because their main brain is damaged when they are born. However, this doesn’t happen to everyone, so scientists guess there must be another reason why people become left-handed. One idea is that people usually get right-handed from their parents. If a person does not receive the gene(基因) for right-handedness, he / she may become either right-handed or left-handed according to the chance and the people they work or live with.Though right-handedness is more common than left-handedness, people no longer think left-handed people are strange or unusual. A long time ago, left-handed children were made to use their right hands like other children, but today they don’t have to.12. After studying works of art made at different times in history, the scientists found _______.A. the art began from 1,500B.C.B. the works of art ended in the 1950sC. most people shown in the works of art are right-handedD. most people shown in the works of art are left-handed13. What is the left hand for most people used to do?A. It’s used to find or hold things.B. It’s used to work with things.C. It’s used to make a person’s eyes work together.D. It’s the centre for thinking and doing problems.14. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A. No one really knows what makes a person become right-handed.B. Left-handedness is cleverer than right-handedness.C. Today children are not made to use their right hands only.D. Scientists think there must be some reason why people become left-handed.15. The best title for this passage is _______.A. Scientists’ New InventionsB. Left-handed PeopleC. Which HandD. Different Brains, Different Hands第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020北京丰台高一(上)期末英语含答案
2020北京丰台高一（上）期末英语一、语法填空（共1小题；每小题10分，共10分）从各题A，B，C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案．1．（10分）The big day had finally arrived．I had won the local speech contest（比赛），representing Madison Middle School．Here it（1）the state competition．I waited backstage for the host to announce（2）name．（3）I had practiced much，I was extremely nervous．My heart was thumping，my palms （4），and my mouth was dry．"Calm down，"I told myself．Still，picturing an audience of teachers，parents and classmates made me want（5）totally．Mr．Patrick，（6）taught me to give speeches，reminded me，"You'll do great．You're prepared．You've come this far．"Mr．Patrick was right．I was ready（7）this，and besides，I won first place in the（8）contests．Yet，when I pictured（9）eyes on me waiting for me to mess up，my heart was gradually sinking into my stomach．"You（10）back out now，"I told myself as Mr．Nichols，the host，announced my name and the title of my speech，"My Hero．"（1）A．was B．is C．have been（2）A．my B．me C．mine（3）A．as long as B．even though C．ever since（4）A．will sweat B．had sweat C．were sweating（5）A．disappear B．to disappear C．disappear（6）A．who B．which C．when（7）A．to B．at C．for（8）A．early B．earlier C．earliest（9）A．either B．both C．all（10）A．needn't B．can't C．mightn't二、完形填空（共1小题；每小题15分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A，B，C，D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．2．（15分）A Wonderful Christmas GiftAnn and her mother had lived in a small cottage．Christmas was so close，and so was her birthday．Ann wished she could get a new（1）with lace as a wonderful Christmas gift．All her friends would be getting new dresses．（2）Ann did not want to ask her Mom for that．She knew how hard her mom worked to make both ends meet．Maybe she could make a（3）maybe Santa Claus would come，even though she knew that Santa Claus is just an imaginary character．It was not just gift that（4）Ann．It was her mother．Nowadays she was working overtime and looked pale and worn out．The days passed and soon it was Christmas Eve．In everyone's house，except Ann's，a Christmas tree adorned（装饰）the living room．In the（5）there hung the baked cakes and turkey．But（6）lovely was being cooked in Ann's house．Every child went to bed eagerly waiting for the lovely gifts that he or she would（7）the next day．Ann went to bed with a（8）heart．She knew that there would be no gifts for her．Ann wished with her whole heart that at least this time she would get a gift from Santa Claus．Ann slowly drifted off to sleep．She dreamt of Santa riding in the snow on his reindeers．Ring．…Ring．…Ann jumped，hearing alarm．She suddenly remembered that it was Christmas morning．Without much hope she looked（9）there were any gifts for her．Wonder of wonders!There lay a beautiful packet tied with a red ribbon．Ann excitedly opened the package．It was a pretty white dress with attractive lace．She（10）the gift carefully to find out who gave it to her．Suddenly a small piece of paper fell out from it．Ann（11）started to read the note．"Dear Ann，This dress is given to you as a（12）for being a good girl．Hope you continue to do good things and help your mother．Your Loving friend，Santa Claus"Ann felt that there was something familiar about this note．She looked in to the note carefully．Then it（13）her．It was her mother who had worked overtime to save money to buy this expensive gift．Ann was happy（14）words．She knew that she was the（15）girl to have such a wonderful mother as a wonderful Christmas gift．（1）A．dress B．book C．bike D．watch（2）A．So B．But C．And D．Or（3）A．change B．plan C．mistake D．wish（4）A．surprised B．worried C．pleased D．disappointed（5）A．bedrooms B．restrooms C．kitchens D．bathrooms（6）A．nothing B．something C．anything D．everything（7）A．make B．send C．receive D．buy（8）A．hard B．big C．warm D．heavy（9）A．if B．how C．why D．when（10）A．refused B．checked C．passed D．painted（11）A．finally B．carefully C．gradually D．eagerly（12）A．test B．lesson C．game D．prize（13）A．struck B．hurt C．satisfied D．encouraged（14）A．in B．without C．over D．beyond（15）A．stubborn B．hard﹣working C．fortunate D．crazy三、阅读理解（共3小题；每小题8分，共28分）3．（8分）Help Hermit CrabsHermit crabs are nature's recyclers．They eat waste and help keep oceans and shores clean．Unlike other crabs，the hermit crab has a thin outer shell over its soft tail．This makes the hermit crab easy prey for hungry predators（天敌）．Hermit crabs stay safe by living in old seashells．A hermit crab is picky（狡猾）；it tries on many shells until it finds one that fits just right．In recent years，however，many hermit crabs have had trouble finding their perfect homes．What is the problems There are not enough shells to go around!One reason for the seashell shortage is that ocean water is not as clean as it once was．This has caused chemical changes to sea water．Some sea animals，like snails，are affected by these changes．Now there are fewer snails making shells．People visiting the beach often take shells home as souvenirs（纪念品）．This is another problem．Other people even take shells for their own pet hermit crabs!They do not realize that hermit crabs in the wild need those shells too．Now people are working to solve this hermit crab housing shortage．They are teaching beach﹣Boers to leave seashells where they belong﹣﹣at the seashore!Some people even make fake seashells that they hope the hermit crabs will like．For example，a group called Project Shelter invited people who visited their website to create different designs for hermit crab shells．These designers had a lot to consider．What kind of material should be used to build a seashells．Thematerial must be light enough for the hermit crab to carry，but strong enough to protect the crab from predators．The man﹣made shells could not contain glue or any other substance（物质）that might harm a hermit crab．Another challenge with building a hermit crab home was the opening to the shell．Too big would mean the crab would not feel safe．Too small would be uncomfortable，and the crab would not want to move in．The Project Shelter shells are placed in the wild for hermit crabs to find．Lucky hermit crabs can move into these new dream homes．（1）Where can hermit crabs stay safe？A．In different old seashells．B．Behind the waste they'll eat．C．In their own thin outer shells．D．Under the stones at the seashore．（2）According to the passage，what should be put in the webs？Para.1The problem is…Para.2The reasons for…Para.3（2）______Para.4The considerof…A．The methods to recycle the wastes．B．The ways to help the hermit crabs．C．The materials of seashells．D．The designs of websites．（3）What does the underlined word"fake"in Para．3mean？A．man﹣madeB．perfectC．hardD．comfortable（4）What is the passage mainly about？A．The Project Shelter Group．B．The shortage of the seashell．C．New homes for hermit crabs．D．The recyclers of the nature．4．（10分）Benito Juarez，a poor Indian boy，was twelve years old when he left his village home in December1818．Benito walked forty﹣one miles to the city of Oaxaca，high in the mountains of Mexico．When he heard the Spanish spoken by the city people，Benito didn't know what they were saying．First，Benito became a servant for a wealthy gentleman，Serer Maza．Soon，he went to work for Antonio Salanueva，a church（教会）librarian．Antonio repaired and copied the library books，keeping them in good shape．Benito became his helper and his housekeeper．Antonio loved to teach．Benito soon became his student as well as his servant．With the help of Antonio，Benito learned to speak，read，and write Spanish．At that time in Mexico，many people believed that Indians were not smart enough to read or learn．Antonio knew that was not true．Indians had been prevented from learning by a lack of schools．The first Spanish missionaries（传教士）who came to Mexico had educated the native people．In fact，churches from Spain had built the first college on the North American continent（大陆）for the Indians．As more Spanish came to Mexico，however，the Indian children were crowded out of the schools．Benito was a good and bright student，so Antonio developed a plan for him．In1821，when Benito was fifteen，Antonio decided to enroll him in a school for boys．Antonio taught Benito what he needed to pass the entrance test for the school．Benito became a student at the college．His studies were difficult，and he was teased because he was the only Indian student there．He succeeded in spite of these challenges．Later，as the laws changed，Benito was able to attend a public college with other Indians．Benito Juarez continued his education and became a lawyer and，much later，the President of Mexico from 1861to1872．He led the Mexican people to victory over the French，who tried to rule Mexico，and fought for the rights of Indians．He is one of the great heroes in Mexican history．Born in an Indian village in Mexico Left homeand walked41miles toOaxacaBegan hiseducationat aseminaryBecamegovernor ofthe stale ofOaxacaEscaped toNewOrleansafterGeneralSanta Annaseized thegovermentReturned toMexico andhelped therevolutionoverthrowSanta AnnaBecameMinister ofJustice（4）____Died inMexicoCity180618181821184718531855185718611872（1）When Benito first arrived in the city of Oaxaca，he．A．lost touch with his familyB．got the language problemC．studied in a church libraryD．lived in the mountain（2）According to the passage，Antonio was a．A．good teacherB．rich gentlemanC．strict housekeeperD．helpful villager（3）In Mexico，many Indian children couldn't get an education，because．A．they were less smartB．there were not enough schoolsC．there were too many native peopleD．they were too poor to go to school（4）What should be put into the timeline？A．Became a lawyer．B．Attended a public college．C．Be the only Indian student．D．Elected to be the President．（5）What is probably the best title of the passage？A．A young student in Mexico．B．Fighting for the rights．C．A bright Mexican educator．D．Born to be a servant．5．（10分）Fishy Weather ConditionsLaj amanu，Australia，is a dry little town，sitting right on the edge of the Tanami desert．Can you imagines How surprised were people when live fish rained down on them from a dark gray cloudy．It happens that there are similar cases in England and Honduras．How do clouds make fishy．The simple answer is that they don't．There is a particular weather phenomenon （现象）called a waterspout．A waterspout is just like a tornado，only it forms above oceans，lakes，or rivers．Like a tornado，a waterspout moves in a circle at high speeds．When it moves above the water，it tends to carry the fish with it，as well as frogs or other small plants or animals．Scientists couldn't work it out at first．To make matters stranger still，the fish in Honduras were very much alive when they rained down to the ground，but they were all blind．In England and Australia，it rained fish and snakes，and none were blind．It was difficult to puzzle out，but the blind fish gave them a place to start．Scientists knew that some fish that lived in deep，underground caves with no light sources often lost their eyesight．So when blind fish rained down on Honduras，scientists began to connect some dots．Clearly，these particular fish were pulled from an underground water source by force．It has rained fish on every continent，and each time，people have tried in various ways to explain this strange phenomenon．Historically，villagers thought the"fishes from the heavens"might be answers to prayers for food．Others suggested that floods overran river banks and oceans，leaving the fish on the city streets．No scientist had actually seen the rain as it occurred，only the fish left on the ground．But in1990，a National Geographic team happened to be in Honduras when the Rain of Fishes began．They recorded what was happening and made history by finally proving that the fish really did fall from the sky．This huge breakthrough wasn't just a spot of good luck．It changed thousands of years of myths and legends into true stories and provided scientific explanations for how fish came to live in deep caves．It explained ancient cave paintings and shed new light on how species have spread over time．It turned out to be a lot more than just a little fishy weather．（1）According to the passage，a waterspout．A．can make animals blindB．is difficult to catch on filmC．can carry items with itD．is a dangerous sea creature（2）The blind fish made the scientists start to think that．A．raining fish was a warning of natural disastersB．animals changed to match their environmentsC．the weather system differed from place to placeD．the waterspout theory seemed more possible（3）From Para．5and6，we can learn．A．how species in the area changed over timeB．the importance of finding the truth behind the eventC．that the discovery cleared up many different scientific theoriesD．how the understanding of waterspouts affected other areas of science（4）The underlined sentence in last Para．probably suggests that．A．waterspouts came to be a center of scientific researchB．the scientists were fortunate to have made their discoveriesC．hard work went into determining the cause for the raining fishD．the scientists relied heavily on unusual events to drive their studies（5）The author writes the passage to．A．describe the magic phenomenonB．explain what caused the fishy weatherC．persuade people to protect the environmentD．encourage people to do scientific research四、阅读回答问题（共1小题，8分）根据短文内容，回答问题，补全信息．6．（8分）The Youngest Skier To The South PoleOn Friday December9t"，a16﹣year﹣old skier，Ameba Hempleman﹣Adams reached the South Pole with her father after skiing97miles and spending17nights on the ice．On the final day they skied14miles and afterwards Ameba said she felt"elated and tired"on reaching the South Pole．"The biggest challenges were the freezing cold and eating only dried food．The best bit has been experiencing what Dad does on expeditions（探险）．It's the first time I've been on a difficult long journey with him and now I know what it's like．The trip brought me closer to Dad，but I also had to put up with his snoring（鼾声）which was terrible．"She added，"Would I do it again？I'm not sure．I'll have to think about that after a few nights'sleep!At times it's been really hard：I've got aching shoulders，and my back's been sore from pulling my sledge（雪橇），I've got blisters（水泡）on my feet from the boots and I've got a cold burn on my nose from my sunglasses．________"She said the most extraordinary part of the trip had been the breathtaking scenery and the sense of isolation in the Antarctic landscape．"I've really missed my friends while I've been away and want to thank them for all their messages of support．"Friends and relatives who posted comments on Ameba's expedition website paid tribute（致敬）to her positive attitude which，they said，would be an inspiration to others．Her father，David，said"Ameba has done amazing well．I'm proud of her．She showed real determination．She was tough and she pulled her sledge the whole way．It was a special experience to share those97miles with her．"（1）Who is Ameba Hempleman﹣Adams？（2）What biggest challenges did she meet during the trip？（3）What kind of person do you think Ameba is？Give at least one reason．（4）Choose and copy the complete sentence that should be filled in the blank．A．Except for those，it's been a really good journey．B．As a result，I had to give it up to go any further．C．Therefore，the only person I could care about was my father．五、选词填空，并翻译划线句子（共12题，共14分）7．（14分）选词填空，并翻译划线句子Ruins；dig out；at an end；loud sounds；hide；Survivors；injured；burst；rescue；sheltersA Night The Earth Didn't SleepOn July28，1976，a magnitude7.8earthquake hit the sleeping city of Tangshan in northeastern China．The very large earthquake killed over240，000people，making it the deadliest earthquake of the twentieth century．In a village outside of Tangshan，well water rose and fell three times the day before the earthquake．Water pipes throughout the area cracked and（1）．Animals also gave a warning that something was about to happen．Chickens and pigs were too nervous to eat．Mice ran around looking for a place to（2）．A goldfish began jumping wildly in its bowl．Stranger Indeed．Many people reported seeing strange lights as well as hearing（3），which was described as louder than that of an airplane．At3：42a．m．on July28，over a million people lay sleeping．As the earth began to shake，it seemed as if the world was（4）．One﹣third of the nation felt it．In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in （5）．Two﹣thirds of people died or were（6）during the earthquake．Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed．All of the city's hospitals，75%of its factories and buildings and90%of its homes were gone．（7）were faced with no water，no food，and no electricity．People were shocked．Then，later that afternoon，another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan．Some of the（8）workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins．All hope was not lost．Soon after the quakes，the army sent150，000soldiers and thousands of people were helped．The army organized teams to（9）those who were trapped and to bury the dead．Workers built （10）for survivors whose homes had been destroyed．Fresh water was taken to the city by train，truck and plane．Though it took time，the entire city was rebuilt，earning Tangshan the name"Brave City of China．"（11）The very large earthquake killed over240，000people，making it the deadliest earthquake of the twentieth century．（12）Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed．六、书面表达（共25分）从（1），（2），（3）中任选一篇，先画出所涉及阅读篇章的思维导图，之后按照要求和提示完成写作任务．请将思维导图和作文写在答题纸上．8．（25分）根据第1页语法填空题的短文内容以及写作要求进行故事续写．请写出一篇连贯完整的短文．词数不少于60．开头已给出．请你写出接下来主人公演讲的过程，以及演讲结束后激动的心情．The big moment came．____________________________________．9．根据写作要求，参考第4页A篇短文内容，写出一篇连贯完整的短文．词数不少于60．开头已给出．假设你是交换生李华，在网上看到hermit crabs的文章．请你给当地居民写一封倡议信．内容包括：1．介绍hermit crabs遭遇的困境；2．提出倡议并说明理由．I am Li Hua．an exchange student from China．__________________________________________．10．根据写作要求，参考第9页阅读并回答问题的短文内容，写出一篇连贯完整的短文．词数不少于60．假如你是建华中学的学生王新，在网上看到了Ameba的故事，决定给她写封邮件，交流分享你的想法．内容包括：1．你对她的旅行有何看法并说明原因；2．分享你的旅行经历．Dear Amelia，____________________________________．Yours，Wang Xin2020北京丰台高一（上）期末英语参考答案一、语法填空（共1小题；每小题10分，共10分）从各题A，B，C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案．1．【分析】本文主要讲述作者代替麦迪逊中学参加比赛，非常紧张，描写了他的紧张情绪．【解答】1﹣10AABCB ACBCB1．A．动词辨析．根据下句I waited backstage for the host to announce（2）name．可知我在后台等待主持人宣布我的名字．说明是参加比赛的时候，应该是过去时，故选A．2．A．代词辨析．根据下文the host，announced my name可知主持人宣布了我的（my）名字，故选A．3．B．连词辨析．根据空后I had practiced much，I was extremely nervous．可知我练习的很多，我非常紧张．说明上下句是转折关系，故选B．4．C．动词辨析．根据上句My heart was thumping可知我的心在砰砰直跳，说明非常紧张，手心有汗（were sweating），故选C．5．B．动词辨析．本句Still，picturing an audience of teachers，parents and classmates made me want（5）totally．句意是然而，想象一下老师，父母和同学的观众让我想要完全消失．want to do想去做某事，故选B．6．A．连词辨析．本句Mr．Patrick，（6）taught me to give speeches，reminded me句意是教我演讲的帕特里克先生，提醒我，这是由who引导的定于从句，空格后缺主语，故选A．7．C．介词辨析．本句I was ready（7）this句意是我为这个比赛准备好（be ready for）了，故选C．8．B．副词辨析．根据上句I had won the local speech contest（比赛），representing Madison Middle School．可知我赢得了代表麦迪逊中学的当地演讲比赛．说明我赢得了早期的（earlier）比赛，故选B．9．C．代词辨析．根据上文Still，picturing an audience of teachers，parents and classmates made me want（5）totally．可知然而，想象一下老师，父母和同学的观众让我想要完全消失．说明所有的（all）眼睛都盯在我身上，故选C．10．B．动词辨析．本句"You（10）back out now句意是"你现在不能（can't）退出，故选B．【点评】完型填空题的命题趋势解题步骤：1．通读全文，理解大意．重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础．2．瞻前顾后，避难就易．在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题．对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗．3．复读全文，解决残敌．借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题．4．再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯．二、完形填空（共1小题；每小题15分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A，B，C，D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．2．【分析】安和妈妈相依为命，勉强维持生计．而在圣诞节的时候安收到一件自己梦寐以求的礼物．【解答】ABDBC；ACDAB；DDADC1．A．名词辨析．A．dress连衣裙；B．book书；C．bike自行车；D．watch监视；根据下句All her friends would be getting new dresses可知她所有的朋友都会换新衣服，说明她也想要新衣服（dress），故选A．2．B．连词辨析．A．So所以；B．But但是；C．And以及；D．Or或者；根据下句She knew how hard her mom worked to make both ends meet．可知她知道她的妈妈努力工作以使收支平衡，说明想要新衣服，但是（but）不想要求妈妈买，故选B．3．D．名词辨析．A．change变更；B．plan计划；C．mistake错误；D．wish愿望；根据下句maybe Santa Claus would come，even though she knew that Santa Claus is just an imaginary character．可知也许圣诞老人会来，即使她知道圣诞老人只是一个想象中的角色．说明她只是做出了这么一个希望（wish），故选D．4．B．形容词辨析．A．surprised惊讶；B．worried忧心忡忡；C．pleased高兴的；D．disappointed 失望；根据下句Nowadays she was working overtime and looked pale and worn out可知如今，她正在加班加点，脸色苍白，疲惫不堪，这也是安所担心的（worried），故选B．5．C．名词辨析．A．bedrooms卧室；B．restrooms卫生间；C．kitchens厨房；D．bathrooms浴室；根据下句there hung the baked cakes and turkey．可知那里挂着烤好的蛋糕和火鸡．说明应该是在厨房（kitchen）里，故选C．6．A．代词辨析．A．nothing没什么；B．something一些东西；C．anything任何东西；D．everything 一切；根据上句there hung the baked cakes and turkey．可知那里挂着烤好的蛋糕和火鸡．再加上本句的but 转折，说明安的家里什么东西都没有，故选A．7．C．动词辨析．A．make制造；B．send发送；C．receive接收；D．buy购买；根据上句Every child went to bed eagerly waiting for the lovely gifts可知每个孩子都热切地等待着可爱的礼物，说明这是他们将在第二天所收到（received）的礼物，故选C．8．D．形容词辨析．A．hard硬；B．big大的；C．warm温暖的；D．heavy沉重的；根据下句She knew that there would be no gifts for her．可知她知道她没有礼物．说明她上床睡觉的时候心情沉重（heavy），故选D．9．A．连词辨析．A．if如果；B．how如何；C．why为什么；D．when当；本句Without much hope she looked（9）there were any gifts for her．句意是没有多少希望，她看着是否（if）有任何礼物送给她．故选A．10．B．动词辨析．A．refused拒绝；B．checked检查；C．passed通过；D．painted画画；根据下句to find out who gave it to her．可知找出谁给了她．说明她仔细检查（check）了一下，故选B．11．D．副词辨析．A．finally最后；B．carefully小心；C．gradually逐渐地；D．eagerly急切地；根据上文可知她收到了一件新衣服，Suddenly a small piece of paper fell out from it．的意思是突然，一小块纸从它上面掉了下来．说明她非常渴望（eagerly）读上面的内容，故选D．12．D．名词辨析．A．test测试；B．lesson教训；C．game游戏；D．prize奖品；本句This dress is given to you as a（12）for being a good girl．句意是这件衣服是作为一个好女孩的奖品（prize）给你的．故选D．13．A．动词辨析．A．struck．打击；B．hurt伤害；C．satisfied满意的；D．encouraged鼓励；根据下句It was her mother who had worked overtime to save money to buy this expensive gift．可知是她的母亲加班加点省钱买这个昂贵的礼物．说明这是她突然想起来（it struck sb）的，故选A．14．D．介词辨析．A．in进入；B．without没有；C．over结束；D．beyond超越；本句Ann was happy （14）words．句意是安非常高兴，无法用言语表达（beyond words），故选D．15．C．形容词辨析．A．stubborn固执；B．hard﹣working努力工作；C．fortunate幸运的；D．crazy 疯狂的；根据下句have such a wonderful mother as a wonderful Christmas gift．可知拥有如此美妙的母亲作为美妙的圣诞礼物．说明她非常幸运（fortunate），故选C．【点评】做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意，一篇完形填空的文章会有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一遍，才能大概了解文章内容，千万不要看一句，做一句．其次要逐句分析，前后一致，选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等．这篇完型要多注意：填空时多联系上下文，注意固定搭配，答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确．三、阅读理解（共3小题；每小题8分，共28分）3．【分析】本文主要讲述了人们如何帮助寄居蟹建造"房子"．【解答】1．A．细节理解题．根据第一段Hermit crabs stay safe by living in old seashells．可知寄居蟹通过生活在古老的贝壳中来保持安全．由此可见，他们是在不同的旧贝壳里．故选A．2．B．推理判断题．根据文章整体结构分析，第一段主要讲述了寄居蟹面临的问题或困境，第二段主要讲述了发生这种现象的原因，第三段讲述了帮助寄居蟹的方法，第四段讲述了帮助寄居蟹的考虑事项，由此可见，第三段应该是The ways to help the hermit crabs．故选B．3．A．词句猜测题．根据第三段They are teaching beach﹣Boers to leave seashells where they belong﹣﹣at the seashore!Some people even make fake seashells that they hope the hermit crabs will like．可知他们正在教海滩上的布尔人离开他们所属的海贝﹣﹣在海滨！有些人甚至制造假海贝，希望寄居蟹会喜欢．fake伪造、仿造，故选A．4．C．主旨大意题．根据整篇文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了人们如何帮助寄居蟹建造"房子"．故选C．【点评】考察学生的推理判断能力和联系上下文的的能力，在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．此类的填空题一定要联系上下文，根据上下文的内容加上自己的理解，再作出正确的判断4．【分析】本文是一篇记叙文．文章讲述了Benito在墨西哥求学，上大学，成为墨西哥总统的经历．【解答】1．B．推理判断题．根据第一段最后一句When he heard the Spanish spoken by the city people，Benito didn't know what they were saying当他听到城里人讲西班牙语时，贝尼托不知道他们在说什么．可知，当贝尼托第一次抵达城市瓦哈卡时，他遇到了语言问题．故选B．2．A．推理判断题．根据第二段中Antonio repaired and copied the library books，keeping them in good shape．﹣﹣﹣With the help of Antonio，Benito learned to speak，read，and write Spanish安东尼奥把图书馆的书修好并抄了下来，使它们保持良好的状态．﹣﹣在安东尼奥的帮助下，贝尼托学会了说、读和写西班牙语；第四段Antonio decided to enroll him in a school for boys．Antonio taught Benito what he needed to pass the entrance test for the school．安东尼奥教贝尼托通过入学考试所需要的东西．可知，根据短文，安东尼奥是一个好老师．故选A．3．B．推理判断题．根据第三段中Indians had been prevented from learning by a lack of schools．可知，在墨西哥，印度许多孩子不能接受教育，因为没有足够的学校．故选B．4．D．推理判断题．根据最后一段中Benito Juarez continued his education and became a lawyer and，much later，the President of Mexico from1861to1872．贝尼托•华雷斯继续接受教育，并于1861年至1872年成为一名律师，后来成为墨西哥总统．可知，1861年"被选为总统"应该被放在大事年表中．故选D．5．A．主旨大意题．根据第一段第一句Benito Juarez，a poor Indian boy，was twelve years old when he left his village home in December1818贝尼托•华雷斯，一个贫穷的印度男孩，在1818年12月离开家乡时才12岁．﹣﹣﹣倒数第二段Benito became a student at the college．His studies were difficult，and he was teased because he was the only Indian student there．He succeeded in spite of these challenges．Later，as the laws changed，Benito was able to attend a public college with other Indians．贝尼托成了这所学院的学生．他的学习很困难，他被取笑是因为他是那里唯一的印度学生．尽管有这些挑战，他还是成功了．后来，随着法律的变化，贝尼托得以和其他印度人一起上公立大学．以及最后一段中Benito Juarez continued his education and became a lawyer and，much later，the President of Mexico from1861to1872．贝尼托•华雷斯继续接受教育，并于1861年至1872年成为一名律师，后来成为墨西哥总统．．可知，本文讲述了一个印第安学生在墨西哥求学的经历．故选A．【点评】阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．5．【分析】本文是一篇说明文．文章解释了可疑的天气状况，"为什么会出现这种雨中下活鱼的天气"．盲鱼让科学家们开始认为龙卷风理论似乎更有可能．这个巨大的突破不仅仅是运气好，而且它把几千年的神话传说变成了真实的故事，为鱼是如何生活在深深的洞穴里提供了科学的解释．【解答】CDBCB1．C．推理判断题．根据第二段中When it moves above the water，it tends to carry the fish with it，as well as frogs or other small plants or animals．当它在水面上移动时，它往往携带着鱼，以及青蛙或其他小植物或动物．可知，根据短文，水上龙卷风可能携带水里的一些动物．故选C．2．D．推理判断题．根据第三段最后一句It was difficult to puzzle out，but the blind fish gave them a place to start．很难弄清楚，但瞎子给了他们一个开始的地方．可知，盲鱼让科学家们开始认为龙卷风理论似乎更有可能．故选D．3．B．推理判断题．根据第五段最后一句They recorded what was happening and made history by finally proving that the fish really did fall from the sky．他们记录了当时发生的事情，并最终证明鱼确实是从天上掉下来的，从而创造了历史．和第六段最后一句It explained ancient cave paintings and shed new light on how species have spread over time．It turned out to be a lot more than just a little fishy weather．它解释了古代洞穴壁画，并揭示了物种是如何随着时间的推移而扩散的．结果发现，这不仅仅是一个有点鱼腥味的天气．可知，从第五段和第六段我们可以了解到事件背后真相的重要性．故选B．4．C．句意猜测题．根据最后一段中This huge breakthrough wasn't just a spot of good luck．It changed thousands of years of myths and legends into true stories and provided scientific explanations for how fish came to live in deep caves．It turned out to be a lot more than just a little fishy weather．这个巨大的突破不仅仅是运气好．它把几千年的神话传说变成了真实的故事，为鱼是如何生活在深深的洞穴里提供了科学的解释．由此可知，划线句子表明，取得成果靠的不是运气，而是人们努力的结果．故选C．5．B．目的意图题．纵观全文，特别是第一段中How surprised were people when live fish rained down on them from a dark gray cloudy．和It turned out to be a lot more than just a little fishy weather．当活鱼从一片灰蒙蒙的阴天下到它们身上时，人们是多么惊讶．结果发现，这不仅仅是一个有点鱼腥味的天气．及下文的研究和结论可知，作者写这篇文章是为了解释为什么会出现这种雨中下活鱼的天气．故选B【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．四、阅读回答问题（共1小题，8分）根据短文内容，回答问题，补全信息．6．【分析】文主要写了滑雪者Ameba Hempleman﹣Adams在十六岁的时候就克服困难登上了南极，成为最年轻的去南极的人．【解答】（1）A16﹣year﹣old skier．/The youngest skier to the south pole．细节理解题．根据第一段句子：a16﹣year﹣old skier，Ameba Hempleman﹣Adams reached the South Pole．Ameba Hempleman﹣Adams是。
2019-2020学年北京市丰台区丰台第一中学高三英语上学期期末试题及答案
2019-2020学年北京市丰台区丰台第一中学高三英语上学期期末试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIn the 1994 filmForrest Gump, there’s a famous saying, “Life is like a box of chocolates; you never know what you’re gonna get.” The surprise is part of the fun. Now blind box toys are bringing the magic of surprise to online shopping.A blind box toy is hidden inside uniform packaging but invisible from the outside. You don’t know what will be inside, although the toys typically come from pop culture, ranging from movies to comics and cartoons.Blind boxes have caught on since they were first introduced fromJapantoChinain 2014. According to a 2019 Tmall report, the mini-series of Labubu blind box, designed byHong Kong-born Kasing Lung, was named Champion of Unit Sales with 55,000 sold in just 9 seconds during the Singles Day shopping event. Most customers for blind boxes are young people aged 18 to 35.According to The Paper, blind box toys are popular in part because of their cute appearances. The typically cute cartoon figurines come in miniature sizes, making them suitable for display almost anywhere.Even if blind boxes are not their top choice for decorations, the mystery and uncertainty of the process also attracts people. It’s the main reason why people buy blind boxes one after another.“Fear of the unknown is always a part of the box-opening process,” said Miss Cao, 24, who lives and works inShenyang. Speaking to Sina News, she said: “Until you open all the boxes, you cannot know what it is inside.”Opening a blind box is a delightful little surprise for our mundane daily lives, something small but fun to wait for each day, week or month. When people open this simple little box, they may be disappointed, but the uncertainty is part of the fun. People will open more blind boxes and hope for a better outcome.When someone re-makesForrest Gump, don't be surprised if he says, “Life is like a blind box...”1. Why is the famous saying in the filmForrest Gumpquoted at the beginning?A. To arouse the readers’ interest.B. To present the writer’s view.C. To introduce the topic.D. To highlight the fun of blind boxes.2. Which of the following is the main feature that makes blind box so popular?A. Miniature sizes.B. Cute appearances.C. Fear of the unknown.D. Mystery and uncertainty.3. What can we learn from the passage?A. Blind box became popular in 2019 after being first introduced fromJapantoChina.B. Blind box toys typically originated in pop culture, varying from movies to cartoons.C. Blind box toys was designed and named by Hong Kong-born Kasing Lung.D. When people open this simple little box, they will feel disappointed.BTexas has been one of the most restrictive gun-rights states in America.Thanks to a new law,however,the state will be one of the most relaxed,to the degree that police are discouraged from even asking about someone's guns. And if they do, they may not have much power to do anything if the person refuses to show a license.To be sure, the law is strict in its own way,offering a model for regulation. Under the law, open-carry citizens have to be licensed, a process that includes safety and shooting tests. They also have to show no prior psychological problems, and they have to be at least 21 years old.It is true that gun violence dropped sharply after restrictive laws were put in place in countries like Great Britain and Australia. However,the US public seems more interested than ever in weapons and the power they convey,despite gun control groups' concern over the increase of violence. Most states in America have steadily expanded gun rights since the end of a 10-year assault(攻击)weapons ban in 2004. Black Friday this year saw the biggest gun cache(贮存)ever purchased in one day.Considering those trends,there's a heated debate about whether the new Texas law is a model piece of legislation(立法)for a changing America,or a walking disaster just begging for trouble. As the law doesn't provide any punishment for those who refuse to show a license to a police officer, critics fear that officers may find it tough to handle potentially deadly situations. After all, armed citizens will no longer be considered suspicious, even though a lot of people might be alarmed by the sight. Most police in Texas have been told to not engage gun carriers unless they are doing something questionable or appear drunk.For sure,New Year's Day will be an exciting one for Texas gun owners. What's not yet known is how the rest of Texas will respond.4. All of the following are required in the new Texas law for open carry EXCEPTA. age limitB. mental conditionC. online registrationD. gun-operating skills5. What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 3?A. The reason for putting forward the new Texas law.B. The present situation of gun possession in America.C. The impact of the assault weapons ban in 2004.D. The inaction of the US government as to gun control.6. What do critics think the new Texas law will probably lead to?A. Heavier workload for policemen.B. Disrespect for officers.C. Lack of trust among citizens.D. Difficulty in crime prevention.7. What is the author's attitude towards the new Texas law?A. Negative.B. Cautious.C. Indifferent.D. Approving.CTrees are “social creature” that communicate with each other in cooperative ways that hold lessons for humans, too, ecologist Suzanne Simard says. Simard grew up in Canadian forests as a child of loggers before becoming an ecologist. She's now a professor of forest ecology at theUniversityofBritish Columbia.Trees are linked to neighboring trees by a network of fungi below the surface of the earth that resembles the nervous networks in the brain, she explains. In one study, Simard watched as a Douglas fir tree that had been injured by insects appeared to send chemical warning signals to a pine nearby. The pine tree then produced defense enzymes to protect against the insect.“This was a breakthrough,” Simard says. The trees were sharing “information that actually is important to the health of the whole forest.”In addition to warning each other of danger, Simard says that trees have been known to share nutrients at critical times to keep each other healthy. She says the trees in a forest are often linked to each other via an older tree she calls a “mother” or “hub” tree.“In connecting with all the trees of different ages, the mother trees can actually ease the growth of theseyoung trees,” she says. “The young trees will link into the network of the old trees and benefit from that huge resource capacity. And the old trees would also pass a little bit of carbon and nutrients and water to the young trees, at crucial times in their lives, that actually help them survive.”The study of trees took on a new resonance for Simard when she suffered from breast cancer. During her treatment, she learned that one of the medicines she relied on was actually obtained from what some trees produce for their own mutual defense. She explains her research on cooperation in the forest, and shares her personal story in the new bookFinding the Mother Tree: Discovering the Wisdom of theForest.8. How could a Douglas fir tree send chemical warning signals to a pine nearby?A. By an underground network of fungi.B. By the nervous networks in the brain.C. By making cooperation with each other.D. By holding lessons to it as human beings.9. According to Simard, what was a breakthrough?A. Simard was-brought up in Canadian forests.B. She became a professor of forest ecology.C. The pine tree produced defense enzymes.D. Vital information was shared among trees.10. What helped Simard understand trees further?A. Her rich knowledge of trees.B. Her childhood in the forest.C. Her medicine gained from trees.D. Her research on cooperation.11. In Simard's book we may discover the wisdom of the forest except .A. communicating cooperativelyB. warning each other of dangerC. sharing nutrientsat critical timesD. sacrificing mother trees for survivalDEach year, the women of Olney and Liberal compete in an unusual footrace. Dressed in aprons (围裙) and headscarves, they wait at both towns’starting lines. Each woman holds a frying pan with one pancake inside. At the signal, the women flip (轻抛) pancakes and they’re off!This “pancake racing” tradition is said to have started on Shrove Tuesday, 1445, in Olney. Shrove Tuesday is the day beforethe Christian season of Lent (大斋戒) begins. During Lent, many people decide to give up sugary or fatty foods.Legend says that in 1445, an Olney woman was making pancakes to use up some of her sugar and cooking fats before Lent. She lost track of time and suddenly heard the church bells ring, signaling the beginning of the Shrove Tuesday service. Realizing that she was going to be late for church, she raced out the door still wearing her apron and headscarf and holding her frying pan with a pancake in it. In the following years, the woman’s neighbors imitated her dash to church, and pancake racing was born.The rules are simple. Racers must wear the traditional headscarf and apron. They must flip their pancakes twice - once before starting and once after crossing the finish line. After the race, there are Shrove Tuesday church services. Then Liberal and Olney connect through a video call to compare race times and declare a winner.In both towns, the races have grown into larger festivals. Olney’s festival is an all-day event starting with a big pancake breakfast. Liberal’s festival lasts four days and includes a parade, a talent show, and contests that feature eating and flipping pancakes. Although the women’s race is still the main event, both towns now hold additional races for boys and girls of all ages.12. How did pancake racing start?A. A woman in Olney created it.B. Women made pancakes before Lent.C. A woman dashed to church with a pancake.D. People followed the suit of an interesting incident.13. What should racers obey during the race?A. They can wear fashionable headscarves and aprons.B. They must flip their pancakes once in the race.C. They must flip their pancakes at the beginning of the race.D. They can flip their pancakes in the middle of the race.14. What can we learn about the race from the last paragraph?A. People can show their talent in Olney festival.B. People can enjoy a one-day holiday in Liberal.C. The race is not only intended for women now.D. People can have a big pancake breakfast in both towns.15. What is the text mainly about?A. The origin of pancake racing.B. The history of pancake racing.C. The development of pancake racing.D. The introduction to pancake racing.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年北京市丰台区实验学校高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及参考答案
2019-2020学年北京市丰台区实验学校高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWashington D.C. SightseeingWith the information below, you’re not missing anything in D.C.! Click Here to find the perfect hotel for your stay as well.The Old Town Trolley TourIt offers something for the whole family. Not only will it give them something fun to do, but it will give them a history lesson. This tour will last about three hours and it’s proper for people of all ages.African American History TourBe sure to take this tour because African Americans have had an important role in the making of our country. Take this historical four-hour tour, where you will visit some important sites including Museum of African American History and Culture.Comedy Walks Washington D.C.This is a great experience allowing you to enjoy the capital in a new way. The walking tour lasts for about one hour and thirty minutes, which takes place in less than a mile journey from the starting place.D.C. Twilight TourCheck out the D.C. Twilight Tour for a unique view of some of the most famous sites! What makes this two-hour guided tour truly unique is that you can view many wonderful sites at night time!1.Which tour is recommended to a tourist who is fond of hiking?A.The Old Town Trolley TourB.African American History Touredy Walks WashingtonD.C. D.D.C. Twilight Tour2.Which tour lasts longest?A.The Old Town Trolley TourB.African American History Touredy Walks WashingtonD.C. D.D.C. Twilight Tour3.Where will you read this text most likely?A.In a guidebook.B.In a magazine.C.In a newspaper.D.On the Internet.BToo much TV-watching can harm children’s ability to learn andeven reduce their chances of getting a college degree, new studies suggest in the latest effort to examine the effects of television on children.One of the studies looked at nearly 400 northern California third-graders. Those with TVs in their bedrooms scored about eight points lower on math and language arts tests than children without bedroom TVs.A second study ,looking at nearly 1000 grown-ups in New Zealand, found lower education levels among 26-year-olds who had watched lots of TV during childhood.But the results don’t prove that TV is the cause and don't ride out that already poorly motivated youngsters (年轻人）may watch lots of TV.Their study measured the TV habits of 26-year-olds between ages5 and 15. These with college degrees had watch an averageof less than two hours of TV per week night during childhood, compared with an average of more than 2.5 hours for those who had no education beyond high school.In the California study, children with TVs in their rooms but no computer at home scored the lowest while those with no bedroom TV but who had home computers scored the highest.While this study does not prove that bedroom TV sets caused the lower scores, it adds to increasing findings that children shouldn't have TVs in their bedrooms.4. According to the California study, the low-scoring group might _________.A. have had computers in their bedroomsB. not be interested in mathC. be unable to go to collegeD. have watched a lot of TV5. What is the researchers' understanding of the New Zealand study results?A. Poorly motivated 26-year-olds watch more TV.B. Habits of TV watching reduce learning interest.C. The connection between TV and education levels is difficult to explain.D. TV watching leads to lower education levels of the 15-year-olds.6. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?A. TV sets shouldn't be allowed in children's bedrooms.B. Children should be forbidden from watching TV.C. More time should be spent on computers.D. Further studies on high-achieving students should be done7. What would be the best title for this text?A. Computers or TelevisionB. Effects of Television on ChildrenC. Studies on TV and College EducationD. Television and Children's Learning HabitsCAs artificial intelligence(AI) systems become more advanced, we can expect them to be used more often in the world of human medicine and healthcare. AI is designed to imitate(模仿）the human brain in decision making and learning, so with the computing power to learn tasks in days or even hours, it is possible to create medical AIs that rapidly outperform doctors in certain tasks.Data plays a hugely important role in helping AI systems learn about human medicine. AI systems are trained on large data sets gathered from real-life cases. Providing detailed patient information in quantities is a crucial factor for their success.One of the most important areas for influencing global health is in the field of epidemiology(流行病学）。
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北京市丰台区2019-2020学年高一英语上学期期末考试试题（含解析）一、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）从各题A, B, C三个选项中，选出可以填人空自处的最佳答案。
The big day had finally arrived. I had won the local speech contest(比赛)，representing Madison Middle School. Here it___1___the state competition. I waited backstage for the host to announce____2____name.___3___I had practiced much，I was extremely nervous. My heart was thumping，my palms___4___，and my mouth was dry.“Calm down，”I told myself. Still，picturing an audience of teachers，parents and classmates made me want_____5_____totally.Mr. Patrick，___6___taught me to give speeches，reminded me，“You'll do great. You're prepared. You've come this far.”Mr. Patrick was right. I was ready_____7_____this，and besides，I won first place in the____8____contests. Yet，when I pictured____9____eyes on me waiting for me to mess up，my heart was gradually sinking into my stomach.“You____10____back out now，”I told myself as Mr.Nichols，the host，announced my name and the title of my speech，“My Hero.”1. A. was B. is C. have been2. A. My B. me C. mine3. A. As long as B. even though C. ever since4. A. will sweat B. had sweat C. were sweating5. A. disappear B. to disappear C. disappear6. A. who B. which C. when7. A. to B. at C. for8. A. early B. earlier C. earliest9. A. either B. both C. all10. A. needn’t B. can’t C. mightn’t【答案】1. A 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. B【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。
作者代表麦迪逊中学赢得了当地演讲比赛。
作者回忆当时比赛时的情景。
【1题详解】考查时态。
句意：这是州际比赛。
根据上文The big day had finally arrived. I had won thelocal speech contest(比赛)，representing Madison Middle School.可知此处指的是过去的事情，句子用一般过去时态，故选A。
【2题详解】考查形容词性物主代词。
句意：我在后台等着主持人宣布我的名字。
修饰名词name用形容词性物主代词，结合句意可知答案为A。
【3题详解】考查状语从句。
A. As long as只要； B. even though即使； C. ever since从那时起。
根据___3___I had practiced much，I was extremely nervous.可知，即使我练习很多，但是我非常紧张。
此处是even though引导的让步状语从句，故选B。
【4题详解】考查时态。
根据My heart was thumping，my palms___4___，and my mouth was dry.可知，我的心怦怦地跳，我的手心出汗，我的嘴是干燥。
句子用进行时态，故选C。
【5题详解】考查固定搭配。
固定搭配：want to do sth.“想做某事”，故选B。
【6题详解】考查定语从句。
此处Mr. Patrick是先行词，指人，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，只能用who，故选A。
【7题详解】考查固定词组。
根据I was ready_____7_____this，and besides，I won first place inthe____8____contests.可知，我准备好了，而且，在前面的比赛我赢得第一名。
固定词组：be ready for“为------做准备”，故选C。
【8题详解】考查句意理解。
根据I was ready_____7_____this，and besides，I won first place inthe____8____contests.可知，我准备好了，而且，在前面的比赛我赢得第一名。
此处指以前的比赛，故选B。
【9题详解】考查不定代词。
A. either两者之一； B. both两个都；C. all全部，所有。
根据Yet，whenI pictured____9____eyes on me waiting for me to mess up，my heart was gradually sinking into my stomach.可知，然而，当我想象所有的目光在我身上等着我陷入困境，我的心逐渐平静下来。
此处指“所有目光”，故选C。
【10题详解】考查情态动词。
A. needn’t 不必； B. can’t不可能； C. mightn’t可能不会。
根据“You____10____back out now，”I told myself as Mr.Nichols，the host，announced my name and the title of my speech，“My Hero.”可知，当主持人Mr.Nichols宣布我的名字，我演讲的题目，“我的英雄”时，我告诉自己“你现在不能退出,”故选B。
二、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A， B， C， D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A Wonderful Christmas GiftAnn and her mother had lived in a small cottage. Christmas was so close，and so was her birthday.Ann wished she could get a new___11___with lace as a wonderful Christmas gift All her friends would be getting new dresses.____12____Ann did not want to ask her Mom for that. She knew how hard her mom worked to make both ends meet. Maybe she could make a____13____maybe Santa Claus would come，even though she knew that Santa Claus is just an imaginary character.It was not just gift that____14____Ann. It was her mother. Nowadays she was working overtime and looked pale and worn out.The days passed and soon it was Christmas Eve.In everyone's house，except Ann's ,a Christmas tree adorned(装饰)the living room. In the____15____there hung the baked cakes and turkey. But____16____lovely was being cooked in Ann's house. Every child went to bed eagerly waiting for the lovely gifts that he or she would ___17___the next day. Ann went to bed with a___18___heart.She knew that there would be no gifts for her.Ann wished with her whole heart that at least this time she would get a gift from Santa Claus. Ann slowly drifted off to sleep. She dreamt of Santa riding in the snow on his reindeers.Rin g.…Ring.…Ann jumped，hearing alarm.She suddenly remembered that it was Christmas morning. Without much hope she looked ____19____there were any gifts for her.Wonder of wonders!There lay a beautiful packet tied with a red ribbon.Ann excitedly opened the package. It was a pretty white dress with attractive lace. She ____20____the gift carefully to find out who gave it to her. Suddenly a small piece of paper fell out from it.Ann_____21_____started to read the note. “Dear Ann，This dress is given to you as a____22____for being a good girl. Hope you continue to do good things and help your mother.Your Loving friend，Santa Claus"Ann felt that there was something familiar about this note. She looked into the note carefully. Then it____23____ her. It was her mother who had worked overtime to save money to buy this expensive gift. Ann was happy ____24____words. She knew that she was the____25____girl to have such a wonderful mother as a wonderful Christmas gift.11. A. dress B. book C. bike D. watch12. A. So B. But C. And D. Or13. A. change B. plan C. mistake D. wish14. A. surprised B. worried C. pleased D. disappointed15. A. bedrooms B. restrooms C. kitchens D. bathrooms16. A. nothing B. something C. anything D. everything17. A. make B. send C. receive D. buy18. A. hard B. big C. warm D. heavy19. A. if B. how C. why D. when20. A. refused B. checked C. passed D. painted21. A. finally B. carefully C. gradually D. eagerly22. A. test B. lesson C. game D. prize23. A. struck B. hurt C. satisfied D. encouraged24. A. in B. without C. over D. beyond25. A. stubborn B. hard-working C. fortunate D. crazy. 【答案】11. A 12. B 13. D 14. B 15. C 16. A 17. C 18. D 19.A 20.B 21. D 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。