现在分词和动名词的区别

动名词和现在分词的区别

如果你只想知道动名词和现在分词如何区分的话我给你一个例子sleeping baby reading room 这

里sleeping是现在分词，因为sleeping=baby is sleeping,sleeping显然是个分词；而reading room 不等同于room is reading,所以reading是动名词

动名词在形式上，和现在分词相同，然而现在分词具有形容词或副词的特点；

而动名词具有名词的特点。因此在句子中可用作主语、表语、宾语或介词的宾语。例如：Working with you is a pleasure. 和你一起工作是一种乐趣。（主语）

Seeing is believing.眼见为实。（主语）

Another goal was ending the chaos in the country. 另一个目标是结束国家的混乱状态。（表语）

What he got in his mind was walking all the way to town.他心中的想的办法是一路步行进城。（表语）

My job is teaching.我的工作是教学。（表语）

To keep money that you have found is stealing.私藏拾到的钱等于偷窃。（表语）

Her shoes wants mending. 她的鞋该修理了。（宾语）

I have finished writing this book.我已经写完这本书了。(宾语)

She left without saying good-bye to us.她没有向我们告别就走了。（介词宾语）

My brother is fond of skating. 我弟弟喜欢滑冰。（介词宾语）

Thank you for giving me some help. 谢谢你给我些帮助。(介词宾语)

由于动名词是动词的一种形式，因此动名词也具有动词的一些特征。动名词可以带直接宾语；可以被副词修饰。例如：

My hobby is collecting stamps. 我的爱好是集邮。(stamps是动名词collecting的宾语) Meeting you has been a great pleasure.见到你是件很快乐的事。（you是动名词meeting的宾语）I like driving fast. 我喜欢开快车。（副词fast修饰动名词driving）

动名词还有几种形式：

主动形式

被动形式

一般式

doing

being done

完成式

Having done

Having been done

§11动名词（短语）的句法功能：

1.动名词具有名词的特征，做主语。例如：

Talking mends no holes. 空谈无济于事。

Sweeping the floor is my wife's everyday work.扫地是我妻子的日常工作。

Doing morning exercises is good for your health. 做早操对你的健康有好处。

【注意】注意以下句型，“it”是形式主语，动名词是正真的主语。动名词做主语时谓语动词用单数。例如：

It is no good smoking and drinking. I suggest that you should give them up.吸烟喝酒没有好处。我建议你应该戒掉。

It is a waste of time watching TV all day.整天看电视是浪费时间。

It is no use operating on this woman. She ought to have been sent here two hours ago. 给这个妇女做手术已经没有用了，她本来应该在两个小时之前送来。

Living together with you has been a great pleasure.和你住在一起真高兴。

2.作表语

My job is teaching English.我的工作是教英语。

The only thing that interests her is dancing.唯一使她感兴趣的事情是跳舞。

The real problem is getting to know the needs of the customers.真正的问题是了解消费者的需要。

To keep money you have found is stealing.捡到钱不交等于偷窃。

【注意】一般来说，动名词作表语表示主语的内容；而现在分词作表语表示主语的特征和属性。例如：

The work assigned to us is bringing the chairs downstairs.分配给我们的工作是把椅子带下楼来。（表示主语的内容）

Her job is raising pigs. 她的工作是养猪。（表示主语的内容）

The film was exciting. 这部电影激动人心。（表示主语的特征）

It is annoying that the meeting should be put off. 会议延期了使人扫兴。（表示主语的特征）

3.作宾语

Andrew hated giving anaesthetics. 安德罗极不喜欢麻醉工作。

I wouldn't mind going there with her.与她一起去那儿，我没有意见。

I assure you I wouldn't have troubled you if I could have avoided doing so. 我可以向你保证，如果当时我能避免的话，我是决不会麻烦你的。

I enjoy listening to music.我喜欢听音乐。

She couldn't risk missing that train. 我不能冒险误过那次火车。

I have finished writing this novel. 我已经写完了这本小说。

【注意】

1.只能用动名词作宾语，而不能用不定式作宾语的动词有：admit, abhor, acknowledge, advise, advocate, avoid, confess, consider, contemplate, defer, delay, deny, discontinue, dislike, enjoy, excuse, face, fancy, finish, grudge, can't help, imagine, include, involve, justify, keep, mind, necessitate, pardon, postpone, practise, renounce, resent, require, stand, suggest, understand, give up, leave off, put off等等。

2.在下列动词之后即可以用不定式，也可以用动名词。这样的动词有：like, love, hate, prefer, begin, commence, start, continue, attempt, intend, propose, can't bear, cease, choose, decline, deserve, disdain, dread, endure, forget, learn, mean, neglect, omit, recollect, recall, regret, try等等。例如：

Do you like swimming( to swim)? 你喜欢游泳吗？

We began listening (to listen)to music.我们开始听音