英语的几个基本句式

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英语五种基本句型

英语五种基本句型

英语五种基本句型:基本句型一:S+V (主+谓)基本句型二:S+V+P (主+系+表)基本句型三:S+V+O (主+谓+宾)基本句型四:S+V+o+O (主+谓+间宾+直宾)基本句型五:S+V+O+P (主+谓+宾+宾补)这种句型简称为主谓结构,其谓语一般都是不及物动词,例:Things change.事物是变化的。

Nobody went.没有人去。

--Did you go by sea?你们走的是海路吗?--NO,we flew.不,我们是飞去。

这种句型称为主系表结构,其实联系动词在形式上也是一种谓语动词,但实质上表语成了谓语,例:Mr. Turner is an artist.特纳先生是位画家。

The milk turned sour.牛奶变酸了。

She became a lawyer.她当了律师。

这种句型可称为主谓宾结构,它的谓语一般多是及物动词,例:We never beat children.我们从来不打孩子。

My sister will fix everything.我姐姐会料理一切。

4.主+谓+宾+宾折叠这种句型可称为主谓宾宾结构,其谓语应是可有双宾语的及物动词,两个宾语一个是间接宾语,一个是直接宾语,例:He gave the book to his sister.他把这本书给了他的妹妹。

I'll write you a long letter.我将写给你一封长信。

这种句型可简称为主谓宾补结构,其补语是宾语补语,与宾语一起即构成复合宾语,例:I found the book easy.我发现这本书不难。

(形容词easy作补语)I'll let him go.我将让他去。

(不定式go用作补语)注意:有时两个或更多的并列主语拥有一个共同的谓语,甚至并列有两个主语和两个谓语,这样的句子仍然是简单句,例:China and other countries in the east Asia are developing rapidly.中国和东亚其它国家正在迅速地发展。

高中英语六种基本句型结构

高中英语六种基本句型结构

英语学习中的六种基本句型结构英语的句式从表达形式上来看,形式多样且丰富多彩,但仔细观察后就不难发现,无论其怎样变化,它们大都基本保持了常见的六个句型结构。

也就是说,绝大多数英语句子都是由这六个基本句式演变、衍生而成的。

因此,掌握好这六个基本句型以及他们的基本用法,对于初学英语的同学们来说,就显得非常重要了。

这里做一简单列举与说明,希望对同学们的学习有所帮助:英语五种基本句型列式如下:一:SV(主+谓)主语——动词二:SVP(主+系+表)主语——动词——表语三:SVO(主+谓+宾)主语——动词——宾语四:SVoO(主+谓+间宾+直宾)主语——动词——宾语——宾语五:SVOC(主+谓+宾+宾补)主语——动词——宾语——补语六:There be + 主语+ 其它一、句型1:Subject (主语) +Verb (谓语)这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词,常见的动词如:work,sing,swim,fish,jump,arr ive,come,die,disappear,cry,happen等。

如:1) Li Ming works very hard。

李明学习很努力。

2) The little girl cried even harder。

小女孩哭得更厉害了。

3) The accident happened yesterday afternoon。

事故是昨天下午发生的。

1、The sun isrising。

2、I'll try。

3、Did you sleep well?(well做状语,修饰不及物动词sleep)4、The engine broke down。

注意:在此句型中,有少数不及物动词表达被动含义,表达主语本身所具有的特性,不用被动语态。

1、The book sells well。

2、The window won't shut。

3、The pen writes smoothly。

4、Cheese cuts easily。

英语五大基本句型

英语五大基本句型

英语五大基本句型英语五大基本句型句子是由主语、谓语动词、表语、宾语、宾语补足语等组成的。

英语句子有长有短,有简有繁,似乎千变万化,难以捉摸,但其实只有五种基本句型。

所有英语句子都可以看成是这五种基本句型的扩大、组合、省略或倒装。

因此掌握这五大句型,是掌握其他各种英语句子结构的基础。

英语句子依其组合方式可分为以下五种基本句型,句子成分的表示法为:S:Subject(主语),V:Verb(动词),O:Object(宾语),IO : Indirect Object (间接宾语),DO: Direct Object (直接宾语) ,P:Predicative(表语),OC:Object Complement(宾语补足语)。

五种基本句型见下表种类句型例句S+V (主语+不及物动词)We work. (不及物)S+V+O (主语+及物动词+宾语)He plays (及物) the piano. S+V+P (主语+系动词+表语)We are (系动词) students. S+V+IO+DO (主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语)She gave (及物) me a pen. S+V+O+OC (主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语)He made (及物) the boy laugh. 说明:(S=主,V=谓,O =宾,P=表,IO=间宾,DO=直宾,OC=宾补)一、第1种句型:S+V(主语+不及物动词)1、Birds fly. 鸟飞。

主语+谓语(不及物动词)2、He runs in the park. 他在公园里跑。

主语+谓语+地点状语(不及物动词)此句型是“主语+不及物动词”构成句子的主体部分。

因为是不及物动词,后面当然不能带宾语了,但是可以有状语来修饰。

例如上面例句中的in the park就是地点状语。

3、Class begins.(begin在句中是不及物动词)上课了。

比较:We begin our class at eight. 我们八点钟开始上课。

英语五大基本句型结构

英语五大基本句型结构

英语五大基本句型结构基本句型一:SV(主+谓)Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词(英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语,可把动词分成不及物动词与和及物动词。

不及物动词:字典里词后标有vi. 的就是不及物动词.不及物动词后不能直接跟有动作的对象(即宾语)。

若要跟宾语,必须先在其后添加上某个介词,如to,of,at后方可跟上宾语.具体每个动词后究竟加什么介词就得联系动词短语了,如listen to,look at….),不及物动词常见的有:appear,apologize,arrive,come,die,disappear,exist,fall,happen,rise (好像还有所有的感官动词(如以上的listen—-Eragon注)等等。

如:The students work very hard.学生们学习很努力。

She apologized to me again。

她再次向我道歉.The accident happened yesterday evening。

事故是昨天晚上发生的。

(happen是不及物动词,但表示“某地(某时)发生了什么事",常用“sth.+ h appen +地点/时间"这一结构来表达,此时主语应是事情;表示“某人出了某事(常指不好的事)”,要用“sth.+ happen+to sb.”这一结构来表达——Eragon注)基本句型二:SVP(主谓表)(好像有的叫SVC(主系表)——Eragon注)Subject(主语)+Link。

V(系动词)+redicate(表语)(表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的,表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词的-ing、从句来充当,它常位于系动词(be, become, appear, seem, look, sound,feel,get, smell等词)之后。

——Eragon注)这种句型中的系动词一般可分为下列两类:(1)表示状态的连系动词。

英语简单句五大基本句型

英语简单句五大基本句型

五、主语+系动词+表语。 例如“you are my mother”(你是我的妈妈)就是一 个简单的主系表结构。
PART 01
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ANNUAL WORK OVERVIEW
PART 02
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PART 03
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PART 04
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Hale Waihona Puke HANK YOU感谢各位观看
三、主语+谓语+双宾语(直接宾语+间接宾语)。 例如“I can give you an apple”(我可以给你一个苹果 ),其中“you”是跟在动词"give"后面的,为直接宾语 ,“an apple”也是宾语,作为间接宾语。
四、主语+谓语+宾语+宾补 例如:“you make me happy”(你使我快乐),主谓 宾的成分很容易看出,happy作为宾语补足语,补充说明 宾语“me”的状态,使句子更加完整。
简单句五大基本句型
一、主语+谓语 这是英语句子中最基本最简单的句型。 如:西式婚礼中常说的“yes,I do”这里面“I do”就 是最基本的主语+谓语的句型。I是主语,do是谓语。
二、主语+谓语+宾语 这是英语基本句式中应用的最为广泛的一种,它和我们汉语中的主谓 宾表达基本一致。 例如西方表达爱意常用的一句“I love you”。英语中“I love you” 为主谓宾结构,汉语中的“我爱你”也是如此结构。

五种基本句型

五种基本句型

五种基本句型高一英语五种基本句型1、主语+ 系动词+ 表语2、主语+ 不及物动词3、主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语4、主语+ 及物动词+ 间接宾语+ 直接宾语5、主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语主语+ 系动词+ 表语1. Jack is a good boy.2. The park looks beautiful in spring.3. His leg got hurt just now.4. Please keep silent!5. Tom will become a doctor next year.主语+ 不及物动词1. My grandma is sleeping now.2. I will stay in Shanghai for a week.3. Jack is leaving for New York.4. It rained hard last night.5. Lucy arrived in Beijing yesterday.主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语1. My sister is writing a letter at this moment.2. Jack enjoys collecting stamps.3. Our teacher promised to see themovie with us.4. I d on’t know which school he is in.主语+ 及物动词+间接宾语+ 直接宾语1. His father bought him a computer.2. I sent a birthday gift to her yesterday.3. My mother taught me how to do it.4. She asked Lucy whose pen it was. 主语+ 及物动词+宾语+ 宾语补足语1. We must keep the classroom clean.2. They consider Jack a brave boy.3. Let the fresh air in.4. Lucy will make herself known.5. I saw the little girl dancing.简单句的五种基本句型歌诀:英语句型万万千,五大句型把线牵;句型种类为动词,后接什么是关键;系词后面接表语,Vi.独身无牵连;Vt.又可分三类,单宾双宾最常见,还有宾语补足语,各类搭配记心间。

英语五种基本句型及一个特殊句式详解

英语五种基本句型及一个特殊句式详解

gray.
他头发变得灰白让他忧虑。
5.The rumor proved false.这谣言证实有假。
6.His plan turned out a success .他的计划终于 成功了。
A
8
注意:在下面的句子中,形容词做表语,在表语 的后面常常接不定式结构
I'm happy to meet you. They are willing to help. We are determined to follow his example.
A
10
句型三:主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语
e.g. We are learning English . Do you know him ? Your radio needs repairing .
A
11
句型四:主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 有些及物动词需要两个宾语才能表达一个完整意念。
e.g. Her mother bought her a skirt. Give me the book, please.
A
14
句型五:主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语 及物动词本身需要一个宾语外, 还需要一个名词,
形容词,副词, 动词不定式,分词来补充说明宾语, 才能表达一个完整的意念。
e.g. We elected Li Yang our monitor. The news made us sad. She saw the thief steal into the shop . The teacher asked me to answer the question . I found the man stealing the money . I found my money stolen .

五大基本句型

五大基本句型

五大基本句型五大基本句型,也叫五种基本句型,是英语中使用最频繁的句型,也是最基本的句型。

它们是:主语+谓语,主语+谓语+宾语,主语+谓语+间接宾语,主语+谓语+宾语+宾语,主语+谓语+双宾语。

这五种句型虽然简单,却是语言表达的重要部分,英语学习者要想巩固和掌握它们是很有必要的。

首先,要识别五大基本句型的特点和每种句型的结构。

主语可以是人、动物或物品;谓语是表达动作或状态的动词。

宾语是直接受到谓语动作影响的名词,也可以是表示时间、地点、方式等状语性词组。

间接宾语是受到谓语动作影响的名词或代词,而双宾语则是谓语动作的受动作者和受影响者两个名词或代词。

例句1:He likes music.这是主语+谓语句型,主语是he,谓语是likes,宾语是music。

例句2:He gave me an apple.这是主语+谓语+宾语句型,主语是he,谓语是gave,宾语是an apple,间接宾语是me。

例句3:He gave the book to Mary.这是主语+谓语+间接宾语句型,主语是he,谓语是gave,宾语是the book,间接宾语是Mary。

例句4:He made her a dress.这是主语+谓语+宾语+宾语句型,主语是he,谓语是made,宾语是her和a dress。

例句5:He bought John and Mary a car.这是主语+谓语+双宾语句型,主语是he,谓语是bought,双宾语是John and Mary a car。

其次,要把这五种基本句型灵活运用起来,了解它们的特点和用法,仔细观察是很有必要的。

比如:主语+谓语句型是最简单的句子,只有主语和谓语,而宾语、间接宾语和双宾语句型主要是用来描述一个行为给另一个人或物品所产生的结果,它们之间有着很大的关联。

同时,要注意基本句型的时态,它们也分为不同的时态。

比如,主语+谓语句型可以用于一般现在时、一般过去时等,宾语、间接宾语和双宾语句型则可以用于现在进行时、现在完成时、现在完成进行时等。

英语的句子在结构上可以归纳为五个基本句型

英语的句子在结构上可以归纳为五个基本句型

英语的句子在结构上可以归纳为五个基本句型。

A.第一基本句型【例译】1.正在下着雨。

2.我的哥哥很用功。

3.我每天早晨六点钟起床。

4.日出于东而没于西。

5.比尔和吉姆每天都一起读书一起玩。

解说各例句的黑体字是主语,斜体字是谓语动词。

主语通常是一个,但是也可以如例5有两个,甚至两个以上都可以成立。

谓语动词也是一个较为普通,但是也可以如例4,5有两上,甚至更多也能成立。

本句型的Vi.属于完全不及物动词(Complete intransitive verb).注:“There + be(Vi.)+ S…”也是属于第一基本句型。

例如:例:There is an alarm clock on her desk.(她的书桌上有一个闹钟。

)例:There stands a tower on the hill.(小山上耸立着一座塔。

)B.第二基本句型【例译】1.我的名字是汤姆。

2.约翰和玛丽是同班同学。

3.你准备好了吗?4.所有的问题都不容易回答。

5.你的梦想一定能实现的。

6.这些玫瑰花看起来很美,闻起来也很香。

解说各例句的黑体字是主语,斜体字是谓语动词,字底加线的是主语补语。

什么是主语补语?请观察:①My name is(我的名字是)②These roses look(这些玫瑰花看起来)上面两例虽各有可作主语的名词“name”和“roses”,也有谓语动词“is”和“look”,但是句意不清楚,无法表达完整的句意,所以不是句子。

现在若在例1之后加“Tom”,例2之后加“very beautiful”,那么句意就完整地表达出来了。

像这样,一个词(通常是n.pron.或adj.)在谓语部分里补充说明主语者就叫做主语补语。

主语补语通常是一个,但是依表达的需要也可以有两个(如例6),或更多。

谓语动词需要取主语补语才能把句意表达完整者叫做不完全不及物动词(Incomplete intransitive verb)。

注:下列常见“It…”句式也是属于第二基本句型。

英语基本句型大全

英语基本句型大全

英语基本句型大全英语的基本句型主要有五种,它们是:1、主语——动词——表语2、主语——动词3、主语——动词——宾语4、主语——动词——宾语——宾语5、主语——动词——宾语——补语掌握好这些基本句型,就可以为灵活运用语言打下良好的基础。

下面分别讲解这五种句型。

一、主语——动词——表语在这一句型中,动词是系动词,划线部分为表语。

1.Mr.Brown is an engineer.(名词做表语)2.Gradualy he became silent.(形容词做表语)3.She remained standing for a hour.(现在分词做表语)4.The question remained unsolved.(过去分词做表语)5.The machine is out of order.(介词短语做表语)6.The television was on.(副词做表语)7.His plan is to keep the affair secret.(动词不定式做表语)8.My job is repairing cars.(动名词做表语)9.The question is what you want to do.(从句做表语,即:表语从句)注意:在下面的句子中,形容词做表语,在表语的后面常常接不定式结构。

I'm happy to meet you.They are willing to help.We are determined to follow his example.二、主语——动词在这一句型中,动词为不及物动词及不及物的动词词组。

在有的句子中,不及物动词可以有状语修饰。

1.The sun is rising.2.I'll try.3.Did you sleep well?(well做状语,修饰不及物动词sleep)4.The engine broke down.注意:在此句型中,有少数不及物动词表达被动含义,表达主语本身所具有的特性,不用被动语态。

英语五种基本句式

英语五种基本句式

英语五种基本句式1简单句、并列句、复合句根据语法形式,即句子的结构,英语的句子可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。

1简单句句型:主语+谓语只包含一个主谓结构,而句子的各个结构都只由单词或短语表示。

简单句有五种基本句型,详见第十七章。

They are playing baseball in the garden.他们正在公园里打棒球。

Her brother and sister both are teachers.她的哥哥和姐姐都是老师。

2并列句句型:简单句+并列连词+简单句(常见的并列连词有and,but,or)并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句连接而成。

并列句中的各简单句意义同等重要,相互之间没有从属关系,是平行并列的关系。

它们之间用连词连结。

My friend was at home, and we talked for along time.我的朋友在家,我们谈了好长时间。

Her father is a doctor and her mother is a teacher.她父亲是个医生,她母亲是个老师。

I liked the story very much but Li Ming wasn't interested in it.我非常喜欢这个故事,可是李明却对它不感兴趣。

Hurry up,or you'll be late.快点,否则你就会迟到的。

3 复合句句型:主句+连词+从句;或连词+从句+主句(包含一个主句、一个或一个以上的从句,或只包含一个从句,但有两个或两个以上的主句的句子叫复合句。

) 句子的成分组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分。

句子成分包括:主语、谓语、表语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、宾语补足语、定语和状语。

主语和谓语是句子主体部分(在英文中一般的句子必须有主语和谓语)。

表语、宾语和宾语补足语是谓语里的组成部分。

其他成分如定语和状语是句子的次要部分。

下面我们分别讲述一下句子的各个成分:1 主语主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。

英语中的五种基本句型结构

英语中的五种基本句型结构

英语中的五种基本句型结构基本句型一:SV(主+谓)基本句型二:SVO(主+谓+宾)基本句型三:SVP(主+谓+表)基本句型四:SVoO(主+谓+间宾+直宾)基本句型五:SVOC(主+谓+宾+宾补)一、Subject (主语) +Verb (谓语)①He left.②Time passes.③It rains.这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词,所谓不及物动词,就是这种动词后不可以直接接宾语。

常见的动词如:work, sing, swim, fish, jump, arrive, come, die, disappear, cry, happen等。

如:1) Li Ming works very hard.李明学习很努力。

2) The accident happened yesterday afternoon.事故是昨天下午发生的。

3)Spring is coming.4) We have lived in the city for ten years.Ex: 1. The sun was shining. 2.The wind is blowing. 3. The moon rose.4. The poor bird couldn’t fly.5.. We all breathe, eat, and drink.6. They talked for half an hour.7. The rain has stopped.二、主语+谓语+宾语①I did nothing.②You ate a hamburger.③He left Beijing.④She finished homework.⑤They like music.这种句型中的动词一般为及物动词, 所谓及物动词,就是这种动词后可以直接接宾语,其宾语通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等来充当。

例:1) He took his bag and left.(名词)他拿着书包离开了。

英语五大基本句型结构

英语五大基本句型结构

英语五大基本句型结构基本句型一:SV(主+谓)Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词(英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语,可把动词分成不及物动词与和及物动词。

不及物动词:字典里词后标有vi. 的就是不及物动词。

不及物动词后不能直接跟有动作的对象(即宾语)。

若要跟宾语,必须先在其后添加上某个介词,如to,of,at 后方可跟上宾语。

具体每个动词后究竟加什么介词就得联系动词短语了,如listen to,look at….),不及物动词常见的有:appear,apologize,arrive,come,die,disappear,exist,fall,happen,rise (好像还有所有的感官动词(如以上的listen——Eragon注)等等。

如:The students work very hard.学生们学习很努力。

She apologized to me again. 她再次向我道歉。

The accident happened yesterday evening.事故是昨天晚上发生的。

(happen是不及物动词,但表示“某地(某时)发生了什么事”,常用“sth.+ h appen +地点/时间”这一结构来表达,此时主语应是事情;表示“某人出了某事(常指不好的事)”,要用“sth.+ happen+to sb.”这一结构来表达——Eragon注)基本句型二:SVP(主谓表)(好像有的叫SVC(主系表)——Eragon注)Subject(主语)+Link.V(系动词)+redicate(表语)(表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的,表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词的-ing、从句来充当,它常位于系动词(be, become, appear, seem, look, sound, feel, get, smell等词)之后。

——Eragon注)这种句型中的系动词一般可分为下列两类:(1)表示状态的连系动词。

英语学习中的六种基本句型结构

英语学习中的六种基本句型结构

英语学习中的六种基本句型结构英语的句式从表达形式上来看,形式多样且丰富多彩,但仔细观察后就不难发现,无论其怎样变化,它们大都基本保持了常见的六个句型结构.也就是说,绝大多数英语句子都是由这六个基本句式演变、衍生而成的。

因此,掌握好这六个基本句型以及他们的基本用法,对于初学英语的同学们来说,就显得非常重要了.这里做一简单列举与说明,希望对同学们的学习有所帮助:英语五种基本句型列式如下:一:SV(主+谓)主语———动词二:SVP(主+系+表)主语——-动词———表语三:SVO(主+谓+宾)主语-——动词—--宾语四:SVoO(主+谓+间宾+直宾)主语-——动词——-宾语—-—宾语五:SVOC(主+谓+宾+宾补)主语———动词———宾语—--补语六:There be + 主语+ 其它一、句型1:Subject (主语) +Verb (谓语)这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词,常见的动词如: work,sing,swim,fish,jump,arrive, come,die,disappear,cry, happen等。

如:1)Li Ming works very hard。

李明学习很努力。

2) The little girl cried even harder。

小女孩哭得更厉害了.3) The accident happened yesterday afternoon。

事故是昨天下午发生的。

1.The sun is rising。

2。

I'll try。

3.Did you sleep well?(well做状语,修饰不及物动词sleep)4.The engine broke down。

注意:在此句型中,有少数不及物动词表达被动含义,表达主语本身所具有的特性,不用被动语态。

1。

The book sells well.2。

The window won’t shut.3。

The pen writes smoothly。

(完整版)英语五大基本句型结构

(完整版)英语五大基本句型结构

英语五大基本句型结构基本句型一:SV(主+谓)Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词(英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语,可把动词分成不及物动词与和及物动词。

不及物动词:字典里词后标有vi. 的就是不及物动词。

不及物动词后不能直接跟有动作的对象(即宾语)。

若要跟宾语,必须先在其后添加上某个介词,如to,of,at 后方可跟上宾语。

具体每个动词后究竟加什么介词就得联系动词短语了,如listen to,look at….),不及物动词常见的有:appear,apologize,arrive,come,die,disappear,exist,fall,happen,rise (好像还有所有的感官动词(如以上的listen——Eragon注)等等。

如:The students work very hard.学生们学习很努力。

She apologized to me again. 她再次向我道歉。

The accident happened yesterday evening.事故是昨天晚上发生的。

(happen是不及物动词,但表示“某地(某时)发生了什么事”,常用“sth.+ h appen +地点/时间”这一结构来表达,此时主语应是事情;表示“某人出了某事(常指不好的事)”,要用“sth.+ happen+to sb.”这一结构来表达——Eragon注)基本句型二:SVP(主谓表)(好像有的叫SVC(主系表)——Eragon注)Subject(主语)+Link.V(系动词)+redicate(表语)(表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的,表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词的-ing、从句来充当,它常位于系动词(be, become, appear, seem, look, sound, feel, get, smell等词)之后。

——Eragon注)这种句型中的系动词一般可分为下列两类:(1)表示状态的连系动词。

英语六大基本句型结构

英语六大基本句型结构

如果句子的主语是复数名词,be动词就用 “are” “were”。例如
There
were many people in the street yesterday.
如果有两个或两个以上的名词作主语, be动词要和最靠近它的那个主语在数上保 持一致,也就是我们常说的 “就近原 则”。例如: There is an orange and some bananas in the basket. There are two bottles and an ashtray on the shelf .
基本句型 四
S +V +IO +O(主+谓+间宾+直宾)
此句型的句子有一个共同特点:谓语 动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意 思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者 (一般指物),另一个是动作的间接承受者 (通常指人)。 eg: give sb. sth.→give sth. to sb. make sb. sth.→make sth. for sb.
S +V +O(主+谓+宾)
此句型句子的共同特点是:谓 语动词都具有实义,都是主语产生 的动作,但不能表达完整的意思, 必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受 者,才能使意思完整。这类动词叫 做及物动词。

1. Who 2. She 3. He 4. He 5. They 6. Danny 7. I 8. He 9. I

1. She 2. She 3. She 4. He 5. I 6. I 7. I 8. He
V(及 物)
passed cooked brought bought showed gave told told
o(多 指人)
him her me you her him him me

英语句子基本结构

英语句子基本结构

英语句子基本结构英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂,但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句式。

这五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。

换言之,绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。

这五个基本句式如下:S十V主谓结构S十V十F主系表结构 S十V十O主谓宾结构S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构 S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构说明:S=主语;V=谓语;P=表语;O=宾语;O1=间接宾语;O2=直接宾语;C=宾语补足语五个基本句式详细解释如下:1.S十V句式在此句式中,V是不及物动词,又叫自动词(vi.)。

例如: He runs quickly.他跑得快。

They listened carefully.他们听得很仔细。

He suffered from cold and hunger.他挨冻受饿。

China belongs to the third world country.中国属于第三世界国家。

The gas has given out.煤气用完了。

My ink has run out.我的钢笔水用完了。

2.S十V十P句式在此句式中,V是系动词(link v.),常见的系动词有:look,seem,appear,sound,feel,taste,smell,grow,get,fall ill/asleep,stand/sit still,become,turn等。

例如:He is older than he looks.他比看上去要老。

He seen interested in the book.他似乎对这本书感兴趣。

The story sounds interesting.这个故事听起来有趣。

The desk feels hard.书桌摸起来很硬。

The cake tastes nice.饼尝起来很香。

The flowers smell sweet and nicc.花闻起来香甜。

You have grown taller than before.你长得比以前高了。

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英语的几个基本句式1.S(主) + Vi(不及物动词)Time flies.1) S + V + adverbial(状语) Birds sing beautifully.2) S + Vi+ prep Phrase(介词短语)He went on holiday.3) S + Vi+ Infinitive (不定式) We stopped to have a rest.4) S + Vi+ Participle (分词) I'll go swimming.2. S (主)+ Vt(及物动词)(谓)+ O(宾)We like English.1) S + Vt + N/Pron I like music.2) S + Vt + infinitive(不定式)I want to help him.常用于这句型的动词有:attempt, dare, decide, desire, expect, hope, intend, learn, need, offer, pretend, promise, propose, purpose, refuse, want, wish等。

3) S + Vt + Wh-Word + Infinitive I don't know what to do.常用于这句型的动词有:ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, find out, forget, guess, inquire, know, learn, observe, remember, see, settle, tell, think, understand, wonder等。

4) S + Vt + Gerund(动名词)I enjoy living here.常用于这句型的动词有:admit, advise, avoid, consider, defend, enjoy, excuse, finish, forbid, mind, miss, practise, risk, suggest, give up, can't help等。

5) S + Vt + That-clauseI don't think (that) he is right.常用于这句型的动词有:admit, believe, command, confess, declare, demand, deny, doubt, expect, explain, feel(觉得), hear(听说), hope, imagine, intend, know, mean, mind(当心), notice, propose, request, report, say, see(看出),show, suggest, suppose, think, understand, wish, wonder(觉得奇怪)。

3. S (主)+ V(谓)(lv)(系动词)+ P(表)We are Chinese.除了be系动词外,还有一些动词也可以用作系动词,1)表感官的动词,feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem等。

2)表转变变化的动词,become, get, grow, turn, go,等。

3)表延续的动词remain, keep, seem, hold, stay, rest等。

4)表瞬时的动词come, fall, set, cut, occur等5)其他动词eat, lie, prove, ring, run, shine, sit, stand, continue, hang等。

1) S + Lv + N/Pron(名词/代词)He is a boy.2) S + Lv + Adj(形容词)She is beautiful.3) S + Lv + Adv (副词) Class is over.4) S + Lv + Prep Phrase He is in good health.5) S + Lv + Participle(分词) He is excited.4. S (主)+ Vt(谓)+ In O(间接宾)+ D O(直接宾)I give you help.1) S + Vt + N/Pron + N I sent him a book.2) S + Vt + N/Pron + To/for-phrase He sent a book to me.间接宾语前需要加to的常用动词有:allow, bring, deny, do(带来),give, grant, hand, leave, lend, offer, owe, pass, pay, permit, promise, read, refuse, render, restore, sell, send, show, teach, tell wish, write等。

间接宾语前需要加for的常用动词有:bring, buy, cash, choose, fetch, get, leave, make, order, paint, play(演奏),save, sing, spare等。

5. S (主)+ Vt(谓)+ O(宾)+ O C(宾补)I make you clear.1) S + Vt + N/Pron + N We named our baby Tom.常用于这句型的动词有:appoint, call, choose, elect, entitle, find, make, name, nominate(命名)。

2) S + Vt + N/Pron + Adj He painted the wall white.常用于这句型的动词有:beat, boil, cut, drive, find, get, hold, keep, leave, like, make, paint, see, set, turn, want, wash, wipe, wish等。

3) S + Vt + N/Pron + Prep Phrase She always keeps everything in good order.4) S + Vt + N/Pron + Infinitive I made him work常用于这句型的动词有:a)不定式带to的词:advice, allow, ask, beg, cause, choose, command, decide, encourage, expect, force, get, hate, invite, know, leave, like, love, order, permit, persuade, prefer, remain, request, teach, tell, want, warn, wish等。

b)不定式不带to的词:feel, have, hear, know, let, listen to, look at, make, notice, see, watch等。

5) S + Vt + N/Pron + Participle (分词) I feel something moving.常用于这句型的动词有:catch, feel, find, get, have, hear, imagine, keep, leave, listen to, look at, notice, observe, perceive, see, set, smell, start, watch等。

6) S + Vt + N/Pron + Wh-word + Infinitive He show me how to do it.常用于这句型的动词有:advise, ask, inform, show, teach, tell等。

7) S + Vt + N/Pron + That-clause He told me that the film was great.常用于这句型的动词有:assure, inform, promise, remind, teach, tell, warm等。

8) S + Vt + N/Pron + Wh-Clause He asked me what he should do.常用于这句型的动词有:advise, ask, inform, show, teach, tell.定语从句三步:第一找出先行词;第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能(做主语、宾语或状语);第三选择合适的关系词。

定语从句专项练习题1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.A. WhichB. whereC. whatD. in which2.Do you know the man _______?A. whom I spokeB. to who spokeC. I spoke toD. that I spoke3.This is the hotel _______last month.A. which they stayedB. at that they stayedC. where they stayed atD. where they stayed4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded?A. whichB. thatC. whenD. on which5.That is the day ______I'll never forget.A. whichB. on whichC. in whichD. when6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.A. whereB. to whichC. whichD. in which7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working.A. whereB. thatC. whichD. there8.This is one of the best films _______.A. that have been shown this yearB. that have shownC. that has been shown this yearD. that you talked9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day?A. about which you talkedB. which you talkedC. about that you talkedD. that you talked10.The pen ______he is writing is mine.A. with whichB. in whichC. on whichD. by which11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy.A. whomB. whoC. whichD. that12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old.A. to whomB. on whomC. with whichD. with whom13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country?A. whoB. who'sC. whichD. whose14.I'm interested in ______you have said.A. all thatB. all whatC. thatD. which15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday.A. whichB. whoC. whatD. as16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be.A. whoB. whomC. thatD. as17.He is good at English, ______we all know.A. thatB. asC. whomD. what18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much.A. I went withB. with whom I wentC. with who I wentD.I went with him19.I don't like ______ as you read.A. the novelsB. the such novelsC. such novelsD. same novels20.He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. what21.The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. who22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ____are women.A. themB. whichC. whomD. who23.You're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it.A. who;/B./; whomC. whom;/D./; who24.I lost a book, ______I can't remember now.A. whose titleB. its titleC. the title of itD. the title of thatst summer we visited the West Lake, ______Hangzhou is famous in the world.A. for whichB. for thatC. in whichD. what26.I have bought such a watch _______ was advertised on TV.A. thatB. whichC. asD. it27.I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together.A. when; whichB. which; whenC. what; thatD. on which; when28.The way ______he looks at problems is wrong.A. whichB. whoseC. whatD./29.This is the reason ______he didn't come to the meeting.A. in whichB. with whichC. thatD. for which30.This machine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly.A. after which I have lookedB. which I have looked afterC. that I have looked afterD. I have looked after31.The reason ______he didn't come was ______he was ill.A. why; thatB.that;whyC. for that;thatD.for which;what32.He is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam.A.thatB.whichC.for whichD.who33.That is not the way ______I do it.A./B.whichC.for whichD.with which34.I have two grammars, ______are of great use.A. all of whichB. either of whichC. both of thatD. both of which35.I want to use the same tools _______used in your factory a few days ago.A. as wasB. which wasC. as wereD. which36.My neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _______ was very kind of them.A. whoB. whichC. thatD. it37.This is the magazine _______ I copied the paragraph.A. thatB. whichC. from thatD. from which38.He is not such a man _______ would leave his work half done.A. thatB. whichC. whoD. as39. You can depend on whatever promise _______ he makes.A. /B. whyC. whenD. whose40. Smoking, _______ is a bad habit, is, however, popular.A. thatB. whichC. itD. though41. --- Did you ask the guard _______ happened?--- Yes, he told me all _______ he knew.A. what; thatB. what; whatC. which; whichD. that; that42. I shall never forget those years _______ I lived on the farm withthe farmers, _______ has a great effect on my life.A. when; whoB. that; whichC. which; thatD. when; which43. The number of the people who _______ cars _______ increasing.A. owns; areB. owns; isC. own; isD. own; are44. During the days ________, he worked as a servant at the Browns.A. followedB. followingC. to followD. that followed45. Is oxygen the only gas _______ helps fire burn?A. thatB. /C. whichD. it46. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _______ he could see _____ was going on inside houseA. which; whatB. through which; whatC. through that; whatD. what; that47. Is _______ some German friends visited last week?A. this schoolB. this the schoolC. this school oneD. this school where48. John got beaten in the game, _______ had been expected.A. asB. thatC. whatD. who49. I have bought two ballpens, _______ writes well.A. none of themB. neither of themC. neither of whichD. none of which50. All that can be eaten _______ eaten up.A. are beingB. has beenC. had beenD. have been参考答案及解析1. A. which用作关系代词,在定语从句中作主语。

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