高三英语一轮复习 专题1 名词与冠词
2012届高三英语一轮复习语法精讲：专题1 冠词和名词(北师大版)
专题一冠词和名词一、冠词一、概念冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。
英语中的冠词有两种，一种是定冠词the，另一种是不定冠词a和an。
二、用法1．不定冠词的用法不定冠词a 和an与数词one 同源，是―一个‖的意思。
a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前，而an 则用于以元音音素开头的单词前，均表示泛指。
(1)表示―一个‖，意为one；指某人或某物，意为a certain。
A Mr Ling is waiting for you.(2)代表一类人或物。
As a middle school student, I must put all my heart into my studies.Tom wants to buy an English－Chinese dictionary for his sister's birthday.(3)词组或短语。
a little / a few / as a rule / in a hurry2．定冠词的用法定冠词the与指示代词this，that同源，有―那(这)个‖的意思，可以和一个名词连用，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。
(1)特指双方都明白的人或物。
Children in immersion programs hear only the new language in the classroom.(2)上文提到过的人或事。
The association says about nine percent of college students in the United States study foreign languages.(3)指世上独一物二的事物。
the sun，the sky，the moon，the earth(4)单数名词连用表示一类事物，如：the dollar―美元‖；the fox―狐狸‖。
与形容词或分词连用，表示一类人。
高考英语一轮复习之名词和冠词以及主谓一致课件
不定冠词a/an的活用和习惯用法
(1)下列三种名词转化中常用不定冠词。
抽象名词 具体化
P.13
a surprise a success a failure a pity a wonder ......
三化
物质名词 具体化
P.14
a heavy rain a cold winter have a good breakfast
Word came that I was needeed at home. Man can conquer nature.
B.特殊情况下名词复数的用法
1）有些名词在使用时总是用其复数形式
thanks,authorities(当局)，possessions(财产)，clothes,
congratulations, goods, works, shoes,trousers, manners(礼貌)等。
专有名词 普通化
P.14
A Mr.Smith is waiting for you.
Sorry, we don't have a Johnson
here.
=a certain/some 某一个
• (2)a/an＋
形容词最高级，表示“……非常/很……” 形容词比较级＋单数名词，表示“更……的”
序数词，表示“又一，再一”
规则2：名词前有this,that,my,your,some,each,any等限定时。 As time went on, Einstein's theory proved to be correct. She is not my type of wowan.
规则3：class, school, church, college, university, hospital, prison, court,
高考英语(外研版)大一轮复习课件语法专题+一、名词和冠词
choose→choice选择 vary→variety多样化;种类 tend→tendency趋向;趋势
2.形容词变名词的后缀
后缀 -age -cy
-dom -ence -ness
-th
-y -ty -ity
例词 short→shortage不足;短缺 efficient→efficiency效率;功效 fluent→fluency流利;流畅 accurate→accuracy准确性 private→privacy隐私;私密 free→freedom自由;自主 wise→wisdom明智;智慧 different→difference差异 silent→silence沉默 weak→weakness虚弱;弱点 kind→kindness仁慈;好意 careless→carelessness粗心大意 strong→strength力气;强项 warm→warmth温暖;热情 honest→honesty诚实 difficult→difficulty困难 cruel→cruelty残酷;残暴 safe→safety安全 disable→disability无能;伤残 responsible→responsibility责任
特别提示 ①当这些名词前有修饰语时,则要用不定冠词。如:a bright moon,a new
world。 ②有些事物虽然也是独一无二的,但习惯上却不用冠词,如:space太空,
nature自然,man人类。 5.用于表示方位、西洋乐器等的名词前。如:in the east,in the
northwest,play the piano。 6.用于序数词和形容词最高级前面。
高考英语复习题型一 关于名词、冠词和数词的语法填空
高考英语复习题型一关于名词、冠词和数词的语法填空1．No matter what you like to do，there is a way to get involved in various(activity) on Earth Day.(2019·北京)答案activities解析考查名词复数。
根据设空前的修饰词various可知，此处要用名词的复数形式。
故填activities。
2．Making Chinese (dish) is seen as especially troublesome.(2018·浙江)答案dishes解析考查名词复数。
dish菜肴，为可数名词，中式菜肴有很多种，故此处用dish的复数形式。
3．A mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all(cause)．(2018·全国Ⅰ)答案causes解析考查名词复数。
cause表示“原因，起因”时是可数名词，前面有all，故填cause的复数形式。
4．This trend，which was started by the medical community(医学界) as a method of fighting heart disease，has had some unintended side (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.(2017·全国Ⅰ)答案effects解析考查名词复数。
side effect副作用，由前面的some和下文中的两个例子overweight and heart disease可知名词effect用复数形式effects。
高三英语 语法知识名词、代词和冠词 知识精讲
高三英语语法知识：名词、代词和冠词知识精讲1. 名词：表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。
名词在句子中可以作主语，宾语，表语，宾语补足语，定语，名数词连用可以做状语。
在使用名词时，要注意区分可数名词和不可数名词，以便于正确使用表示不确定数量的定语。
如：a lot of / plenty of / some 可以修饰可数名词和不可数名词。
而：many, a few, few several, scores of, large quantities of, dozens of, a couple of 等只能用在可数名词之前，much, a great deal of, a little, little, a great amount of 等只能用在不可数名词之前。
2. 冠词：冠词是一种虚词，放在名词前面，帮助说明名词的意义。
冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种。
a (an)是不定冠词，an用在元音发音开始的词语前。
如：an hour, an English book。
the 是定冠词。
1）不定冠词：不定冠词a (an)只能用在单数可数名词前。
关于它的用法，用四个字概括，“每、一、类、某”。
①表示“每日”、“每周”……Please take this medicine three times a day.②表示某一种人或物中的一个。
All of us know that he is a teacher, not a student.③表示某一类人或物。
It is an easy task for an elephant.④表示“某一个”，但仍译为“一个”、“有个”。
One day, a Frenchman went to Berlin on business.2）定冠词的用法：①特指某人或某物，指说话人与听话人都知道的人或物。
Look at the picture. Is there a man in the picture?②复指前面已提到的人或物。
高考英语一轮复习 考点专题一 名词、代词、冠词-人教版高三全册英语试题
名词、代词、冠词考点一名词题型一名词的根本用法Ⅰ.单句填空1.If you want to see how life was back in the old days, China still has many beautiful water (town) to visit.【答案】towns2.They are always gathering in their winter food in the middle of summer and they are making (preparation)for the long cold winter.【答案】preparations3.Now, nearly 500 acres of sand is being turned into farms producing corn, (tomato) and sunflowers.【答案】tomatoes4.Calligraphy has influenced the world widely and has even been introduced to many neighboring (country).【答案】countries5.A few dollars can help to fill a (child)hungry stomach.【答案】child’sⅡ.单句改错6. He usually goes to see his parents on Saturday’s evening.【答案】Saturday’s→Saturday7.Some of us also made a public speech to tell people some knowledges about protecting the environment.【答案】knowledges→knowledge题型二名词构词法1.The Zhongshan team completed tasks including installation of and tests for LiDAR, drilling of ice bedrock, atmospheric sounding (observe), surveys of birds and aerial exploration carried out by the fixed-wing aircraft.【答案】observation2.You may not know the name John Stith Pemberton, but you must know the name of his (invent):Coca-Cola.【答案】invention3.I was traveling in a small place in New York. That place had no taxi for a short (distant).【答案】distance4.Once the brush movement hesitates, a black mark is created, so speed, (strong) and agility (敏捷) is the essence of fine artwork.【答案】strength5.Apart from defense, other purposes of the Great Wall have included border control, the (encourage) of trade and the control of immigration.【答案】encouragement6.In 1962, Rachel Carson’s best-selling book “Silent Spring〞 created an (aware) of the dangerous effects of pesticides(农药).【答案】awareness7.Senior experts from UNESCO were amazed at its unique natural scenery, near perfect ecosystem, and creative (combine) of nature and humanism.【答案】combination考点二代词Ⅰ.单句填空1.China’s research icebreaker X uelong, on Thursday local time left the Zhongshan Station on (it) way back to China.【答案】its2.To lighten the addiction, he created his own drink by using leaves of coca and kola nuts. He named “Pemberton’s French Wine Coca〞.【答案】it3.More and more people are willing to shop online to get what they want, and I am one of (they).【答案】them4.In a Weibo post, he thanked netizens for (they) love and praise.【答案】their5.In his letter, Jin introduced (he) and Yiwu.【答案】himselfⅡ.单句改错6.Without ads, that would be difficult to get across a product’s basic message.【答案】that→it7.A large number of students and even some teachers took an active part in it, where the participants handed in our works which were later graded bycalligraphers.【答案】our→their8.But even if every large city purified and reused it’s water, we still would not have enough water.【答案】it’s→its9.I’ve lived in New York and Chicago, but don’t like neither of them very much.【答案】neither→either考点三冠词题型一冠词的根本用法Ⅰ.单句填空1.Also known as the Snow Dragon, the icebreaker carrying a research team set sail from Shanghai on Nov. 2 last year, beginning country’s 35th Antarctic expedition.【答案】the2.It’s not all that hard to build an advanced and large vocabulary. Like many things in life,it’s ongoing process.【答案】an3.Chaplin liked idea of working in the film industry because it would mean a new life.【答案】the4.Three became political leaders;three became doctors;the most famous graduate became university teacher and was responsible for the introduction of modern teaching methods in his country.【答案】 aⅡ.单句改错5.I’m lucky enough to make friends with so nice person.【答案】person前加a6.What a impressive experience!【答案】a→an题型二冠词的习惯用法Ⅰ.单句填空1.The sound of the car died away in distance.【答案】the2.Eating chocolate once in while makes it easier for you to resist eating it all the time.【答案】 a3.Beavers build themselves curious huts to live in, and quite frequently great number of these huts are placed close together.【答案】 a4.All ofsudden, a student rushed in and pushed her aside.【答案】 aⅡ.单句改错5.Some of the scenery in this area ranks among best in the country.【答案】best前加the6.To tell a truth, my spoken English used to be a big headache for me.【答案】第一个a→thestly, you should remember to take some food for the lunch because we’ll stay there and chat with them at noon.【答案】删除the《真题训练》考点一名词第一组1.(某某,6)The(possible) that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.【答案】possibility2.(江苏,32)Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the(assume) you’ve made.【答案】assumption3.(江苏,34)The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But alternative (explain) are hard to find.【答案】explanations4.(浙江,4 )It is important to pay your (electric)bill on time, as late payments may affect your credit.【答案】electricity5.(江苏,24)—Can you tell us your recipe for (happy) and a long life?—Living every day to the full, definitely.【答案】happiness6.(江苏,32)Some schools will have to make(adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.【答案】adjustments/adjustment7.(江苏,35)—Go and say sorry to your mom,Dave.—I’d like to,but I’m afraid she won’t be happy with my(apologize).【答案】apology/apologies8.(浙江,15)One of the most effective ways to reduce (stressful)is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.【答案】stress9.(安徽,30)There is no need to tell me your answer now.Give it some(think)and then let me know.【答案】thought第二组1.(2020届安徽六安一中月考一,66)Though alone, you can enjoy your travel in (silent) while thinking quietly.【答案】silence2.(2020届贵州贵阳8月摸底,67)Human food is very bad for thebaboons’(tooth)because it has a lot of sugar.【答案】teeth3.(2020届河南天一大联考阶段检测Ⅰ,67)That writing system was of great (important) in uniting the Chinese people and culture.【答案】importance4.(2020届江西临川二中月考一,65)Due to the (arrive) of more Chinese, more shops and businesses grew up.【答案】arrival5.(2020届黑龙江哈尔滨师大附中9月月考,45)These grapes bring wealth as well as their delicious (sweet) to the locals.【答案】sweetness6.(河北保定摸底考试,70)Bringing together Western Medicine and TCM, rather than being in (compete), is where the potential for great effects lies.【答案】competition7.(海南儋州一次统测,64)By the time of his (die), he was the best-selling Chinese author, and over 100 million copies of his works have been sold in the world. 【答案】death8.(河南洛阳期中考试,64)So far modern (platform) have taken the place of traditional focuses with a wider range of creative enterprises from smart infrastructure construction to design and robots.【答案】platforms9.(浙江温州普通高中高考适应性测试,62)He decided to put his plan into (act)—building a garden.【答案】action10.(江西红色七校一联,64)To the citizens in Hangzhou, the best part of it is that it will give us the chance to watch world-class matches and(compete)close to home. 【答案】competitions考点二代词第一组1.(某某,3)A study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier than who are not.【答案】those2.(某某,11)was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors.【答案】It3.(浙江,3)In many ways, the education system in the US is not very different fromin the UK.【答案】that4.(某某,2)The quality of education in this small school is better than in some larger schools.【答案】that5.(浙江,12)How would you like if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?【答案】it6.(重庆,2)The meeting will be held in September,but knows the date for sure. 【答案】nobody7.(陕西,13)To warm himself,the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the.【答案】other8.(四川,10)Niki is always full of ideas,but is useful to my knowledge.【答案】none第二组1.(2020届安徽“江淮十校〞一联,67)In terms of social psychology, one way of thinking about this is that we feel much better about (we) if we focus on someone who’s doing even worse, a process known as downward social comparison.【答案】ourselves2.(2020届贵州贵阳8月摸底,68)(they)job is to find baboons in the city and return them to the countryside.【答案】Their3.(2020届河南许昌高级中学月考一,43)Then he hid (him) nearby and watched carefully to see if anyone would remove the big rock.【答案】himself4.(2020届黑龙江哈尔滨师大附中9月月考,49)If you pick one grape and put in your mouth, you will surely never forget the wonderful taste.【答案】it5.(2020届四川绵阳南山中学9月月考,70)Now it occurred to (he) that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.【答案】him6.(湖南浏阳六校联考,67)However, quite a few other people, especially in the countryside, would fix a lucky date so that their marriage would have “Double Happiness〞.【答案】those7.(山西太原期中考试,69)In return, bookstores have improved the cultural atmosphere of shopping malls, so is mutually beneficial to have such cooperation.【答案】it8.(吉林长春市实验中学月考三,63)On this day, dragons, a prominent totem (图腾) in Chinese culture raise (they) heads with the sound of thunder.【答案】their9.(湖北重点高中联考协作体期中考试,64)They say normal levels of stress can help students to work and think faster and more effectively,as well asimprove(they)performance.【答案】their10.(江西红色七校一联,69)In the next few years, Hangzhou will try its best to prepare(it)for the big show.【答案】itself考点三冠词第一组1.(浙江,2) prize for the winner of the competition is two-week holiday in Paris. 【答案】The; a2.(浙江,2)Jane’s grandmother had wanted to write a children’s book for many years,but one thing or another always got in way.【答案】the3.(重庆,3)I just heard bank where Dora works was robbed by gunman wearing a mask. 【答案】the;a4.(四川,5)Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be Beethoven. 【答案】 a第二组1.(2020届河南许昌高级中学月考一,50)The villager learned a valuable lesson that many others would never understand: Every obstacle presents opportunity to improve one’s condition.【答案】an2.(2020届黑龙江大庆铁人中学开学考试,62)Every year, butterfly(蝴蝶) lovers in California go out in November to count monarch butterflies. They got a worrying result from their fall monarch count in — number of monarchs had dropped by 86% since .【答案】the3.(2020届江西临川二中月考一,61)Gerrard Street, which is between Leicester Square and Shaftesbury Avenue, is the most important street in the area. There is unique community with many Chinese restaurants, supermarkets and shops.【答案】 a4.(2020届江西南昌开学摸底,70)So the key to using a happy smile to make you better runner may be to smile sincerely and often near a race’s end, but in 30-second bursts, rather than constantly.【答案】 a5.(2020届云南昆明一中一次摸底,61)The Economist is English-language weekly news and international affairs publication owned by The Economist Newspaper Ltd.【答案】an6.(湖南浏阳六校联考,69)The wedding ceremony is usually hosted warmly and the wedding ceremony very often ends with unique banquet.【答案】 a7.(吉林省吉林市调研一,64)But naps can actually be double-edged sword because while we’re awake during the day, we’re building up sleepiness or sleep pressure.【答案】 a8.(湖北鄂东南教育教学改革联盟期中考试, 61)Produced by China Central Television (CCTV) and the Ministry of Educati on(MOE),“First Class for New Semester〞 has becomemandatory viewing activity for parents and students on the first day of the fall semester.【答案】 a9.(江西红色七校一联,70)splendid Hangzhou is waiting to see you in 2022.【答案】 A10.(河北唐山五校月考,64)As the saying goes,“All work and no play makes Jack dull boy.〞【答案】 a。
人教版2018届高三英语一轮语法复习：专题一 名词和冠词 (共91张PPT)
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高考英语一轮复习 语法专题 名词和冠词
入舵市安恙阳光实验学校语法专题十一名词和冠词一、名词高考对名词的考查主要是名词的辨析，特别是同义词和近义词的辨析。
高考试题的选项从汉语翻译上看可能是同义词或近义词，但其英语含义不同，而且可能有不同的习惯搭配。
因此要结合英语的真正含义和这个名词的用法考虑答案，不能看其汉语字面意义就随意做出选择。
高考有时也把名词与冠词和主谓一致放在一起考查。
考点一名词的数1．常见的不可数名词有advice，news，progress，money，furniture，fun，weather，luck，homework，housework，information，bread，medicine，clothing，wealth，soap，rice等，这些词在英文里一般都用作不可数名词，在使用中不可乱套汉语而使用复数或加不定冠词。
What fine weather!We have got a lot of information on the Internet.2．有些名词通常只用作复数。
如：glasses眼镜，clothes衣服，goods 货物，trousers裤子，belongings所有物，wages工资，riches财富，surroundings环境，ashes灰尘，compasses圆规，cattle家畜，congratulations祝贺，have words with sb.同某人吵架，in high spirits 以很高热情地，give one's regards to sb.向某人问候，in rags衣衫破烂，It is good manners to do sth.做某事有礼貌。
3．有些名词既可以作可数名词，也可以作不可数名词，但意义不同。
work 当表示“工作”时为不可数名词，但当表示“作品，著作”时则为可数名词。
room“空间”（不可数），“房间”（可数）；experience “经验”（不可数），“经历”（可数）；paper“纸”（不可数），“论文、文件、试卷”（可数）。
2020年高考英语一轮复习课件：第二部分 第一讲 冠词和名词精品ppt版
注意：people 意为“民族；种族”时有单、复数形式。如： There are 56 peoples in China.中国有56 个民族。 ②有些集体名词只能用作单数。如：machinery, furniture, jewellery, mankind 等。 ③有些集体名词作为整体看待时，用作单数；指其中各个 成员时，用作复数。这样的集体名词有 class, family, couple, audience, government, public 等。如： The family are fond of pop music. 这一家人都喜欢流行音 乐。 The family has settled here for 5 years.这个家庭已经在此定 居 5 年了。
(3)有些名词只能用复数形式。如：glasses, trousers, shorts, scissors, gloves 等。如：
The trousers are dirty.I want a pair of clean ones.这条裤子脏 了。我要一条干净的。
(4)“the＋姓氏的复数”表示全家人。如：the Blacks, the Wangs 等。
全文结束！谢谢 仅供参考学习之用
谢谢
2019/12/7
15
第二部分 语法专题
第一讲 冠词和名词
一、不定冠词
冠词
（续表）
（续表）
二、定冠词
常见用法 1.可数名词的复数变化
（续表）
2.名词所有格
二、其他需要注意的几点 1.名词的数 (1)复合名词的复数 有主体名词的复数形式(lookers-on, passers-by 等)和无主体 名词的复数形式(grown-ups, go-betweens 等)。 (2)集体名词的数 ①有些集体名词只能用作复数。如：cattle, police, people 等。如： There are a lot of cattle on the farm.农场上有很多牛。 The police are searching for the murderer.警察正在搜查凶 手。
高考英语一轮总复习专题一名词和冠词学案(含解析)新人教版
语法专题突破专题一名词和冠词考点精讲一名词考点一可数名词1可数名词变复数形式时一般在词尾加s或es，变化形式如下表：构成方法例词一般在词尾加s map→maps，sea→seas，girl→girls以s，x，ch，sh结尾的名词后加es (stomach 除外) class→classes，box→b oxes，watch→watches，dish→dishes以f或fe 结尾的词变f或fe为v，再加esleaf→leaves，knife→knives，wife→wives，wolf→wolves加sbelief→beliefs，chief→chiefs，proof→proofs，roof→roofs，gulf→gulfs，safe→safes以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加es party→parties，family→families，story→stories，pany→panies以元音字母加y结尾的名词，加s toy→toys，boy→boys，day→days，ray→rays以辅音字母加o结尾的名词一般加eshero→heroes，potato→potatoes，tomato→tomatoes不少外来词加spiano→pianos，photo→photos，kilo→kilos两者皆可volcano→volcanoes/volcanos以元音字母加o结尾的名词加sradio→radios，bamboo→bamboos，z oo→zoos名词变复数不规则变化的形式如下表：构成方法例词增加字母child→children，ox→oxen且词义发生变化，主要类型如下：①抽象名词表示具有某种特性、状态、感情情绪的人或事。
A knowledge of English is a must in international trade．英语知识在国际贸易中是必不可少的。
It is a waste of time reading such a novel．读这种小说就是浪费时间。
高考英语一轮复习专题1名词与冠词PPT课件
冠 词 一、不定冠词的基本用法 不定冠词有 a 和 an 两种形式，常位于名词或名词的修饰语 前。当紧跟不定冠词的单词的第一个音素为辅音音素时，用
The police are questioning everyone in the house.警察正在盘
问房子里的每一个人。
3 ．专有名词一般没有复数形式，除非专有名词本身带有 复数词缀。但专有名词有时可普通化、具体化 Ford一辆福特车
赶着牛(cattle)。
2 ．一般而言，集合名词若表示一个整体，作单数用；若 表示集体的各个成员，作复数用。 audience 观 众 ， class 班 级 ， family 家 庭 ， group 小 组 ， committee委员会
【记忆口诀】船员(crew)、夫妻(couple)当观众(audience)，
二、可数名词变复数的特殊情况及示例
特别提醒：1.有些可数名词虽是单数形式，但表示复数意 义。此类名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 【 记 忆 口 诀 】 警 察 (police) 和 人 们 (people) 穿 着 衣 裤 (clothes，trousers) ，戴着眼镜(glasses)，拿着剪刀(scissors) ，追
an ugly man一个丑陋的人
2．具体用法
二、定冠词的用法
三、零冠词的用法
三、不可数名词
特别提醒：1.有些单词和短语常使用复数形式 (1)表示由两个相连的类似部分组成的事物的名词只用复数 形式，如：jeans，headphones，pants，scissors，compasses。这 些名词可单独作主语，谓语动词用复数形式；也可以用 a pair
最新-2021届高三英语一轮语法复习：专题一 名词和冠词 共91张 全国通用 精品
Time and tide wait for no man.岁月不饶人。
We
had
a
wonderful
time
last
night.我们昨晚很愉快。
——对点演练(单句改错)
1．Everyone agreed the picnic was great success. was后加a
2．—A serious explosion happened in Tianjin. —Yes, news came as shock to me.
3．有些名词的单数和复数形式表示不同的含义。 work(工作)→works(著作) arm(手臂)→arms(军火) glass(玻璃)→glasses(眼镜) cloth(布)→clothes(衣服)
4．有些名词既可用作可数又可用作不可数，但是意义不同。 room空间→a room一间房 glass玻璃→a glass一个玻璃杯子 chicken鸡肉→a chicken一只小鸡 paper纸→a paper一张报纸
attitudes towards failure.
attitudes→attitude
3．(2015·陕西高考)Mum taught me some basic step of baking.
step→steps
4．(2014·全国卷Ⅰ)Since then — for all these year — we have
5.Your advice was great help to me.
great前加a
一、名词在语法填空中的命题点 1．给其他词性形式(通常为动词、形容词)提示词，填写名
词，考查名词的数 ①(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)But for tourists like me, pandas are its top ________ (attract). 解析：attraction 形容词top修饰空格处的名词，attract的 名词形式是attraction，意思是“吸引人之物” 名 词
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人教版(课标卷地区) ·高考总复习
路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索
第二部分 语法专项突破
第二部分 专题一 名词与冠词
名词 一、名词的分类 名词按其词汇意义可分为专有名词和普通名词。 1．专有名词 专有名词指表示具体的人物、地点、机构、组织、国家或 地区等的名称的名词，首字母一般大写，如Alice，Australia， January等。
difficulty(困难)，youth(青春)，beauty(美人)，danger(危险)，
抽 象 名 词 具 体 化
interest(兴趣)，cloth(布料)，pain(疼痛)，trouble(麻烦)等。如： difficulty困难 a difficulty一件难事 experience经验 an experience一次经历 failure失败 a failure一位失败者/一件失败的事 success成功 a success一位成功者/一件成功的事 knowledge知识 have a good knowledge of 对……懂，精通 honour荣誉 an honour一位(件)带来荣誉的人(事) Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母。
2．表示具有某种特性、状态、特点、情感、情绪的人或事，这一
抽象名词已完全变为可数名词。常见的这类名词有：surprise(惊
奇)，cold(感冒)，pleasure(乐趣)，pity(遗憾)，failure(失败)，
success(成功)，worry(担心)，honour(荣誉)，must(必须做的事)，
单复数同形
deer鹿，Chinese中国人，sheep羊，means方法， series系列，species种类，aircraft飞机
复数形式 单数概念
maths数学，politics政治，crossroads十字路口
两种复数形式 penny；abacmen；foot脚－feet；ox牛－oxen； child小孩－children；mouse老鼠－mice；tooth牙 齿－teeth
3．专有名词一般没有复数形式，除非专有名词本身带有 复数词缀。但专有名词有时可普通化、具体化。
a Newton一个牛顿式的人物 two Marys两个玛丽 a Ford一辆福特车
三、不可数名词
通常 作不 可数 名词 的词
抽象名 词具体
化
information信息；advice忠告，建议；progress进步，进 展；knowledge知识；weather天气；fun乐趣，快乐； equipment设备；furniture家具；wealth财富；damage损 坏；traffic交通，车辆及行人；baggage/luggage行李；work 工作；homework家庭作业；housework家务；luck运气； tea茶；water水；beer啤酒；cake蛋糕等
二、可数名词变复数的特殊情况及示例
复合词变复数以 中心名词为主
filmgoer＋s爱看电影的人；sister＋sinlaw姑子， 姨子，嫂子，弟媳；passer＋sby过路人；looker ＋son旁观者
部分名词在固定 thanks to幸亏，由于；shake hands with与……握 词组中用复数 手；make preparations for为……作准备
特别提醒：1.有些可数名词虽是单数形式，但表示复数意 义。此类名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
【 记 忆 口 诀 】 警 察 (police) 和 人 们 (people) 穿 着 衣 裤 (clothes，trousers)，戴着眼镜(glasses)，拿着剪刀(scissors)，追 赶着牛(cattle)。
Her family is wellknown in the region.她家在该地区很出 名。(强调整体)
His family are all music lovers.他们一家人都是音乐爱好 者。(具体成员)
The police are questioning everyone in the house.警察正在盘 问房子里的每一个人。
2．一般而言，集合名词若表示一个整体，作单数用；若 表示集体的各个成员，作复数用。
audience 观 众 ， class 班 级 ， family 家 庭 ， group 小 组 ， committee委员会
【记忆口诀】船员(crew)、夫妻(couple)当观众(audience)， 班 队 (class ， team) 组 (group) 成 大 家 庭 (family) 。 集 合 名 词 要 当 心，整体单数须分清。
1.表示抽象的特征、状态、行为的一场、一次、一种及 “多种”、“多场”等，常可组成“a/an＋抽象名词”或 “a/an＋形容词＋抽象名词” a big fire，a heavy rain，a strong wind，a thick fog，have a look，make an apology， take a deep breath，live a...life，have a good time，a wonderful lunch，a need，a discovery，a love，a collection of，a knowledge of，a history of，a population of，an area of，an understanding of等。如：He has a good knowledge of computer science.。
2．普通名词 普通名词指表示一类人/物或一个抽象概念的名词，如 worker，machine，information等。普通名词的分类：
可数名词个集体合名名词词：：mauadni，enceex，pecrtl，assf，actfoarmyily 不可数名词物抽质象名名词词：：wsuartperri，se，coahlo，noruicre，help