选修6_复习学案

Module1 Small Talk复习学案

核心单词

1. lack v. 缺少，缺乏；没有，不足；n.［U］缺乏；短缺。

常用结构:

lack sth.缺乏某物lack for(=need/want)需要for/through lack of sth. 因缺少某lack (n.) of sth.缺乏某物

I lack words with which to express my thanks.

我难以用语言来表达谢意。

He doesn’t lack for your help.

他不需要你的帮助。

He said the trip to the seaside was cancelled for/through lack of interest.

他说因为缺乏兴趣，去海边的旅行被取消了。

联想拓展

lacking adj. 缺乏的；不足的

be lacking in 缺乏（某种品质、特点等）；不够……

She is not lacking in confidence and courage.

她很有信心和勇气。

2. advance

adj. 预先的，在前的；n.&v.进展；进步，推进；预付；提前；提早

常用结构:

in advance 提前，预先，事先in advance of sth. （时间上）在某事之前advance towards ...向……前进advance on/upon 逼近

advance the money to sb.=advance sb. the money

预付某人钱

It’s cheaper if you book the tickets in advance.

预订票其价格要便宜一些。

They had advanced 20 miles by nightfall.

夜幕降临时，他们已经前进了20英里。

We received no advance warning of the storm.

我们没有收到风暴的预先警报。

The mob advanced on us, shouting angrily.

暴民愤怒地喊叫着向我们逼近。

We are willing to advance the money to you.

我们愿意预付钱给你。

联想拓展

advanced adj. 高级的;先进的;发达的

3. imagine

v. 想象，设想，假想

常用结构:

imagine sth. that ...想象……imagine (sb./sb.’s) doing sth. 想象（某人）做某事imagine sb./sth. as 把某人/物想象成…

Can you imagine working with your companion happily in the future?

你能设想一下将来和你的伙伴一起快乐地工作的场景吗？

I just can’t imagine why they liked that girl so much.

我就是想象不出来为什么他们那么喜欢那个女孩儿。

I never knew my grandmother but I always imagine her as a kind gentle person.

我从未见过我的祖母，但我总是把她想象成一个心地善良的人。

重点短语

4. in addition to ...除……之外（还）后接名词或动名词，相当于besides; apart from。In addition to English, I have to study a second foreign language.

除了英语之外，我还得再学一门外语。

5. leave out 省去，删去；遗漏；缺漏；忽视;不理会

He left out the most important word in the sentence.

在这个句子中他漏掉了最重要的词。

No one speaks to him, he always feels left out.

没有人和他说话，他总是觉得被冷落了。

联想拓展

leave behind 遗留;遗忘;把某人抛在后面leave alone 不打扰;不理会

leave off 停止;中断leave for 动身去……

You had to follow closely if you want to avoid being left behind.

如果你不想掉队的话，你就得跟紧些。

Why can’t you just leave her alone?

你为什么不能让她一个人待会呢？

The rain left off at daybreak.

破晓时雨停了。

My brother has just left Sydney for a tour of the world.

我哥哥刚离开悉尼去周游世界。

重点句型

6. It is+过去分词+that从句

在这个句型中，it为形式主语，真正的主语为that从句。常见句式有：

It is said/ reported/ announced/ known/ hoped/ thought/ supposed/ suggested/ believed/ agreed/ estimated ... that ...

It is suggested that a meeting (should) be held to discuss the problems.

人们希望中国队赢得这场比赛。

It is said that he is the best player in the football club.

=He is said to be the best player in the football club.

据说他是这个足球俱乐部最好的球员。

It is reported that three villagers have been killed in the landslide.

=Three villagers are reported to have been killed in the landslide.

据报道，已经有三位村民在这次山体滑坡中丧生。

7.We stood around making small talk.

我们站在某人旁边闲谈。

making small talk是现在分词在句中作状语。分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随情况等。表示时间关系的分词短语有时可由连词while或when 引出。

Hearing the news, they got excited.（时间状语）

听到这个消息，他们兴奋极了。

Be careful while/when crossing the street.（时间状语）

横穿马路时要小心。

Having been bitten by a snake,she was frightened at it.（原因状语）

由于被蛇咬过，所以她怕蛇。

The cup dropped to the ground,breaking into pieces.（结果状语）

那个杯子掉在地上摔碎了。

Having been told many times, she still repeated the same mistakes.（让步状语）

虽然告诉她很多次了，但她仍犯同样的错误。

He lay on the grass,looking at the sky.(伴随状语)

他躺在草地上，看着天空。

Module2 Fantasy Literature复习学案

核心单词

1. shape n.形状，呈……形状的事物；v.使成为……形状/样子，塑造；决定……的形成，影响……的发展shaped adj. 具有……形状的

His idea had been shaped by his experiences during the war.

他的思想深受战时经历的影响。

Look! There is a huge balloon shaped like a giant cow.

看！有一个形似一头大奶牛的大气球。

常用结构:

in shape 在形状上in the shape of 以……的形状keep in shape(=keep fit)保持健康get sth. into shape 把某物整理好；使……有条理out of shape 变形的;走样的take shape 成形;有了模样

The picture that I saw just now is round in shape.

我刚才看到的那幅画是圆形的。

After the accident, the wheel of the car had been twisted out of shape.

出事故之后，车轮子已扭曲变形了。

2. doubt

n.&v. 怀疑；疑惑

doubt作名词后接同位语从句时，doubt 用于肯定句中，后接whether 从句；doubt 用于否定句、疑问句中时，后接that从句，doubt后面可以跟介词about, as to等，表示“对……的怀疑”。

doubt作动词后接宾语从句时，doubt用于肯定句中，后接whether/if从句；而用于否定句、疑问句中，后接that从句。

doubtful adj. 怀疑的；可疑的；不能确定的

I have some doubt about his honesty.

我对他的诚实有些怀疑。

There is no doubt that he is an honest man.

毫无疑问他是一个诚实的人。

I have some doubt whether he can finish his homework on time.

我怀疑他是否能按时完成作业。（注意：不用if引导同位语从句）

You can complain, but I doubt whether/if it will make any difference.

你可以抱怨，但是我看未必有用。

常用结构:

no/without/beyond doubt毫无疑问（地）

in doubt 不确定的/地

make no doubt of对……毫无怀疑throw/cast doubt on 使人对……产生怀疑

She is without doubt one of the best swimmers in our school.

毫无疑问，她是我们学校最好的游泳选手之一。

The future of the public library is in doubt.

公共图书馆的前途难以预料。

No doubt she was disturbed by the noise from the street.

无疑她被街上的噪音干扰了。

3. hesitate v.犹豫，迟疑

常用结构:

hesitate about/over (doing) sth. 对（做）某事犹豫不决

hesitate to do sth. 迟疑于做某事

When the teacher asked him to answer the question, he hesitated for a while.

当老师要他回答问题时，他犹豫了一会儿。

Don’t hesitate to tell me when you need my help.

你需要我帮忙时就直接告诉我。

Do you still hesitate about buying a car?

对于买车的事你还犹豫不决吗？

联想拓展

hesitation n. 踌躇，犹豫without hesitation 毫不犹豫地

have no hesitation in doing sth. 毫不犹豫地做某事

I had no hesitation in telling the truth.

我毫不犹豫地说了实话。

She gave him a hand without hesitation when he was in trouble.

当他处于困境时，她毫不犹豫地帮助他。

4. appeal v. 对某人有吸引力（后接介词to）；要求，恳求；诉诸（武力等）；上诉；n.恳求，呼吁；兴趣；吸引力；魅力

常用结构:

appeal to sb. 对某人有吸引力

appeal to sb. for sth.=make an appeal to sb. for sth.

因某事向某人呼吁

appeal to sb. to do sth. 恳求某人做某事

This film appeals to young people.

这部电影对年轻人有吸引力。

The girl appealed to us for help/to help her.

=The girl made an appeal to us for help.

这个女孩恳求我们帮助她。

The United Nations-appeal for a cease-fire has been ignored by both sides. 双方都不理睬联合国关于停火的呼吁。

5. possess

v. 拥有（东西、资产）；具有（性情，特征）；控制；支配

The young man possesses three famous companies.

这位年轻人拥有三家著名公司。

Young as he is, he possesses patience.

虽然年轻，但是他很有耐心。

常用结构:

be possessed of拥有（某种品质）；占有；具有

Mary is possessed of a calm temperament.玛丽脾气温和。

联想拓展

possessor n.［C］所有人;拥有者

possession n.［U］拥有，占有；（pl）财产，所有物

be in possession of 拥有;在某人的控制下

be in the possession of（某物）为（某人）所拥有/控制

take possession of占有……

The rare stone is in the possession of an unknown collector. That is to say, an unknown collector is in possession of the rare stone.

这块稀有的石头为一名不为人知的收藏者拥有。也就是说，一名不为人知的收藏者拥有这块稀有的石头。

—Does the young man standing there take possession of the company?站在那儿的那个年轻人掌管着这家公司吗？

—No. The company is in the possession of his father.

不，那家公司由他父亲掌管。

重点短语

6. put down

放下；写下，记下（=write down）；镇压/平息（叛乱、革命

Will the water supply hold out through the summer?

水供应能维持过今年夏季吗？

They will have to give in—they can’t hold out any longer.

他们将不得不屈服——他们再也不能抵抗下去了。

8. if necessary

如果有必要

if necessary是if it is/was necessary的省略。类似的表达还有：if/when/whenever possible (convenient ...)等。

If possible, please let me know by this evening.

如果可能的话,请在今晚以前告诉我。

Come to see me whenever convenient.

方便的时候来看我。

9. on/upon+n./doing sth.

on/upon在此表示时间，意为“一……就……;当……的时候”。

He jumped with joy on hearing the news.

他一听到这个消息就高兴得跳了起来。

Please hand in your keys at reception on your departure from the hotel.

Ⅰ.didn't need to do表示：__________________________________________ needn't have done表示：__________________________________________

John went to the station with the car to meet Mary, so she didn't need to walk back home.

约翰开车去车站接玛丽，所以她不必步行回家了。

John went to the station with the car to meet Mary, so she needn't have walked back

home.

约翰开车去车站接玛丽，所以她本不必步行回家了(Mary步行回家没有遇上John 的车。)

典型例题

There was plenty of time. She ___.

A. mustn't have hurried

B. couldn't have hurried

C. must not hurry

D. needn't have hurried

答案D。needn't have done. 意为"本不必"，即已经做了某事，而时实际上不必要。Mustn't have done 用法不正确，对过去发生事情进行否定性推断应为couldn't have done, "不可能已经"。

Ⅱ. 情态动词+ have + done

Something may have happened to her. 她可能发生了什么事情。

She might have had an accident. 她或许遭受了意外.

So she must have taken that too. 因此，她肯定把它也带走了。

1)这三句话都用了“情态动词＋不定式的完成时”，表示对发生过的事作某种猜测、推测。(1) must have done 可用来对某件过去的事情作__________推测，表示“一定已经，想必已经”做过某事，用于肯定的陈述句中。否定句中用

__________。

She must have received the parcel, I sent it by registered post.

她一定已经收到包裹了，我是用挂号寄的。

(2)may ha ve done, might have done, could have done “____________________”，就语气而言could have done 所表的可能性更小些。

He may / might / could have left by nine. 他可能于九点前已离去。

(3) should have done / ought to have done 表示“__________”但实际未做。

I should / ought to have left London before nine but I didn't. 我本该在九点以前离开伦敦，但是我没有。

(4) shouldn't have done / oughtn't to have done 表示“__________”，但实际上又做了。

He shouldn't / oughtn't to have left London before nine but he did. 他本不该在九点

前离开伦敦，但是他离开了。

(5) can't / couldn't have done 表否定推测，“__________”。

She can't / couldn't have gone to bed, for the light in her room is still on. 她不可能上床睡觉了，因为她房间的灯还亮着。

(6) could have done 可表示客观上“____________________”。

He could have finished the work in time but he didn't work hard.

I needn't have gone to the office yesterday (but I went there). 昨天我没必要去办公室（但我却去了）。

（7）might have done 还可表示过去“本可能发生但实际上没有发生的动作”。用

于表示说话人对已发生事提出批评或意见。

He might have given more help, even though he was very busy. 即使他很忙，也可以多帮忙。Ⅲ.高考例析

1. Sorry I'm late. I ________ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.

A. might

B. should

C. can

D. will

2. I was really anxious about you. You_________ home without a word. （01 全国）

A. mustn't leave

B. shouldn't have left

C. couldn't have left

D. needn't leave

3. —I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.

— You________ her last week. （04 福建）

A．ought to tell B．would have told C．must tell D．should have told 4. — Tom graduated from college at a very young age.

— Oh, he ______ have been a very smart boy then. （04 全国IV）

A. could

B. should

C. might

D. must

5. He _______ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn't be enjoying himself by the seaside.

A. should

B. must

C. wouldn't

D. can't

6. — Do you know where David is? I couldn't find him anywhere.

— Well. He have gone far—his coat's still here. （05湖北卷）

A．shouldn't B．mustn't C．can't D．wouldn't

7. — The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.

— Oh, dear! She _______ a lot of difficulties! (05 江苏卷)

A. may go through

B. might go through

C. ought to have gone through

D. must have gone through

8. I have lost one of my gloves. I ________ it somewhere. （05 北京春季）

A. must drop

B. must have dropped

C. must be dropping

D. must have been dropped

9. Mr. White _____ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn't show up.

A. should have arrived

B. should arrive

C. should have had arrived

D. should be arriving

10. He paid for a seat, when he ______ have entered free. （05 山东卷）

A. could

B. would

C. must

D. need

11. — Tom is never late for work. Why is he absent today?— Something ______ to him.

A．must happen B．should have happened

C．could have happened D．must have happened

12. I _______ have been more than six years old when the accident happened. （05 天津卷）

A. shouldn't

B. couldn't

C. mustn't

D. needn't

13. This cake is very sweet. You __________ a lot of sugar in it. （05 辽宁卷）

A．should put B．could have put C．might put D．must have put

V. reading and writing:

To learn to read emails and write replies

After you read

Copy all the useful expressions into your Expression Book

go to a reception__________________

at the Chinese Embassy__________________

good at small talk with…______________ say the wrong thing______________

be kind enough to answer thequestions____________

1.favor的用法n. ________________________

1）in favor (of )表示“______________”，常用作表语或后置定语。

The students were in favor of reform. 学生赞成改革。

2）do sb. a favor或do a favor for sb. 是个正式的礼貌用语，意思是

“______________”。

Would you do me a favor? 帮我一下好吗？

Do me a favor by turning off the radio. 帮我把收音机关掉。

Do me the favor to come. 务请光临。

注：do sb. a favor后接of doing 或不定式时，应将不定冠词a改为定冠词the。3）ask a favor of sb=ask sb a favor________________

2. certain用法归纳

1）. certain&sure

① certain&sure都可用

be sure/certain to do ________________

sb. be sure/certain of/about sth. ________________

of doing sth.

that….

for sure/certain ________________

make sure/certain that/of ________________

②只用certain：________________

只用sure：________________

辨析：certain和some都有“某个”的意思。但用法不同。

certain的意思是：某个，某些。例如：

A certain person called on you yesterday. ______________________________

Certain things are not openly spoken about. ______________________________

some表示“某个”时，只能和可数名词的单数连用，不需要用冠词。即

There's some man at the door -- go and see what he wants. ____________________ __________

Some girl called while you were out ______________________________

Writing a reply

电子邮件格式

正式格式

Dear Sir，

I am writing to you for the mobile phone of Dephone-S250 I bought on

20th Apr.2008 at Tele Mall in Wuhan，P.R.China ...

_________________________________________________________________ _

_________________________________________________________________ _

Thank you for your consideration.

Sincerely yours，

……………

非正式的格式

称呼和正文之间，段落之间，正文和信尾客套话之间一般空一行，开头无须空格。如：

Jimmy,

I received your memo and will discuss it with Eric on Wednesday.

Best,

David

核心单词

1.amount

n. 数量;总额

vi. 总计;等于

常用结构：

a small(large/great/huge/considerable) amount of

少量（大量）的

a certain amount of 一定数量的

the amount of ……的数量

amount to 达到，总计；等于，意味着

Small amounts of land were used for keeping animals.

用少量的土地来饲养动物。

The amount of unemployed capital is very large.

未被利用的资金数量很大。

The total cost of repairs amounted to $100.

修理费用总计一百美元。

Keeping what belongs to another amounts to stealing.

将他人之物占为己有等于偷窃。

2. raise

vt. 举起，提升；饲养;种植;养育；提出;筹措（金钱）

n.上升;加薪

常用结构：

raise a subject 提出一个问题

raise one’s voice 提高嗓门

raise a family 养家糊口

raise sheep 养羊

raise one’s spirits 使某人打起精神

raise one’s awareness of ...提高某人……的意识

He raised his hand to catch the chairman’s attention.

他举起手来想吸引主席的注意。

I wanted to raise a question to the chairman but didn t have the courage.

我想向主席提一个问题，但又没有这个勇气。

They raised Bob to the rank of captain.

他们把鲍勃提升为上尉。

易混辨析

raise/lift/rise/arise

raise和lift都是及物动词，后面一定要有宾语。如果表示抽象意义（如提高意识、声音、生活水平、地位等）用raise; 如表示用机械力把重物从地面举到一定的高

度用lift。raise还可以表示饲养家禽、筹集资金、养育儿童等；而lift的名词用法可表示“免费搭车/电梯;飞机等”。

rise和arise都是不及物动词，在指人或动物“起身”时可互换。arise还可以表示“出现；发生”；rise可以表示“升起，升高”，说明主语自身移向更高的位置。

3. count

v.数；计算（在内）；包含；把……视为；有意义，算得上

常用结构：

count on sb. to do sth.指望某人做某事

count down倒计时

beyond/out of count 不计其数，数不尽

count ...as ...算作是，把……当作……

count in 算入

count for little/much 简直无足轻重/关系重大

Can you count backward from 100 to 1?

你能从100倒数到1吗？

We were a party of 20, counting our teacher.

我们一行20人，包括我们的老师。

I count myself as a lucky man to be here with you.

能和你一起在这里我算得上是一个幸运的人。

It is what you do not what you say that counts.

是你所做的有价值而不是你所说的。

重点短语

4. burst out

突然发生，突然……起来，其后跟v. ing形式。

The baby burst out laughing when he saw his mother.

看到他的妈妈，婴儿突然大笑起来。

联想拓展

burst into+n.(laughter, tears, flames,song ...)

突然大笑/大哭/

起火/唱起来……

burst (sth.) open （使）猛然打开

burst forth 突然/忽然出现

burst in闯进来；突然插嘴

burst in upon sb.突然出现在某人面前

burst n.（感情等的）爆发；破裂；爆炸

a burst of laughter/anger 一阵大笑/大怒

Fire fighters burst the door open and rescued them.

消防战士猛然打开门去营救他们。

The helicopter burst into flames after hitting a building.

那架直升机撞到一座建筑物后突然着火了。

5. knock over/down

撞倒，打翻，击倒；撞伤

He knocked his opponent down three times in the first round.

他第一局就将对手击倒了三次。

联想拓展

knock at 敲（门、窗等）

knock into sb. 撞在某人身上

knock out 击败；淘汰

knock off 下班;降价;碰掉，碰下来

Listen! Someone is knocking at the door, who can it be?

听，有人敲门，会是谁呢？

We usually knock off for the day at 18:00.

我们一般下午6点收工。

6. keep/be in touch 保持联系

常用结构:

keep/be in touch with sb. 与某人保持联系

keep/be in touch with sth. 了解（某课题或领域的情况）

Let’s keep in touch with each other.让我们彼此保持联系。

It’s impor tant to keep in touch with the latest research.

了解最新的研究很重要。

联想拓展

get in touch with sb.与某人取得联系

be out of touch with sb./sth.

与某人失去联系;不再了解某事（侧重状态）

lose touch with sb./sth.

与某人失去联系;不再了解某事（侧重结果）

I’m trying to get in touch with Mary. Do you have her telephone number?

我正努力与玛丽取得联系。你有她的电话号码吗？

I have lost touch with all my old friends.

我已经和所有的老朋友都失去了联系。

7. bring ...to mind 使……想起

What does this painting bring to mind?

这幅画使人想起了什么？

联想拓展

keep ...in mind 记住，记在心里

have ...in mind在想，在计划

make up one’s mind to do .../that ...下定决心做……

Please keep the school rules in mind. 请把校规记在心里。

Watching TV all evening wasn’t exactly what I had in mind.

其实整晚上都看电视并不是我想要的。

He made up his mind to learn English well.

他下决心要学好英语。

重点句型

8.Having left something in the cloakroom, I went inside to get it.

因为我把东西落在衣帽间了，我就进去取。

having left 为leaving 的完成式作状语，表示leave这一动作发生在谓语动词went 动作之前，而且I 是leave动作的发出者，两者之间是主动关系。

The manager, having made it clear to us that he didn’t agree with us, left the meeting

room.

经理表明他不同意我们之后，就离开了会议室。

Music复习学案（外研版选修6 Module4）

核心单词

1. combine

v. （使）结合；（使）联合

常用结构：

combine sth. with/and sth.将……与……结合在一起

combine against 为反对……而联合

The workers combined against the boss.

工人们联合起来反对工头。

They combined their efforts to finish the work ahead of time and were spoken highly of.

他们合力提前完成了工作，并受到了高度评价。

联想拓展

combination

n.［C］组合，搭配；［U］组合物;两用（多用）工具

in combination with ...与……联合;与……结合

His treatment was a combination of surgery, radiation and drugs.

对他的治疗是把手术、放射和药物结合在一起。

易混辨析

join/combine/connect/unite

join结合，接合。泛指任何事物的直接连接，连接的程度可紧可松，含有“还能够分离之意”。

How do these two pieces join?

这两件东西是怎样接合的？

combine 合并，结合。指把两个或两个以上的人或事物合在一起，含有为了一个共同的目的，或结合后仍不改变或失去其本性之意。

You should try to combine exercise with a healthy diet.

你应该把锻炼和健康的饮食结合在一起。

connect 结合，连接。通过某种媒介物把各种事物连接起来，语意比combine, unite 弱。

The towns are connected by train and bus services.

这些城镇由火车和公共汽车连接起来。

unite 合一，混合。指紧密结合，使之成为一个整体，含极难分开之意。

We will unite in fighting crime. 我们将联手打击犯罪。

2. depressed

adj. 精神不振的，消沉的；经济萧条的;不景气的

You look rather depressed today, what s up?

你今天看起来很没精神，怎么啦？

He has gone to the depressed area of the country to make a survey.

他去这个国家的经济萧条地区做了一项调查。

联想拓展

depress v.使忧愁，消沉；使萧条

depression n.忧伤，沮丧；经济大萧条

depressing adj. 令人沮丧的，使人忧伤的

Wet weather always depresses us.

阴雨天总使我们心情抑郁。

He went into a deep depression when his wife died.

妻子死后，他陷入了深深的忧伤之中。

It was a depressing book.

这是本令人沮丧的书。

3. shrink

v. (shrank, shrunk或shrunk, shrunk) (使)缩小，（使）收缩；退缩，畏缩

常用结构：

shrink from 畏避，回避（困难等）

The number of the sheep has shrunk from 1,000 to 800.

绵羊的数量由1,000缩小到了800。

Television in a sense has shrunk the world.

从某种意义上来说，电视使世界缩小了。

At the sight of the snake, the frightened girl shrank into a corner.

一看到蛇，这个胆小的女孩就退缩到了角落里。

We made it clear to them that we would not shrink from confrontation.

我们向他们清楚地表明，我们不会畏避冲突。

4.present

vt.赠予，颁予，提出，呈递，介绍，展现

n.礼物，赠品

adj.在场的

The mayor presented a silver cup to the winner.

= The mayor presented the winner with a silver cup.

市长把银杯授予了获胜者。

present 作定语时，如果表示“出席的，到场的”之意时，须置于所修饰词的后面。all the students present 所有在场的学生

present sth. to sb. 颁发……给某人

present sb. with sth. 授予某人某物

be present at 出席

at present 目前

for the present 暂时

重点短语

5. be true of/for

与……情况相同

The students were excited and the same was true for their teachers.

学生们很激动，他们的老师也是一样。

—Mary can speak fluent English, but she can t speak Chinese.

玛丽能说一口流利的英语，但是她不会说汉语。

—It is the same with John.

约翰也一样。

联想拓展

表示“……也（不）一样”的句式有：

So+be/have/助动词/情态动词+主语（用于肯定句）

Neither/Nor+be/have/助动词/情态动词+主语（用于否定句）

It is the same with ...=So it is with ...（既可用于肯定句，也可用于否定句，陈述两种以上的情况）

6. give life to

赋予……生命（生命力，活力）；增加……的生气

These children s coming gave life to our party.

孩子们的到来增加了我们晚会的生气。

联想拓展

come to life 变得活跃；苏醒

bring sb./sth. to life 给某人/某事物活力;使复活

live/lead a ...life 过着……的生活

give one s life to ...为……献身/牺牲

lay down one s life for 为……献出生命

The wounded soldier came to life again.

那个伤员恢复了知觉。

Ted knows how to bring a party to life.

泰德知道如何给派对增加活力。

John and his wife live a simply life.

约翰和他的妻子过着俭朴的生活。

He gave his life to save the boy.

他为了救这个男孩而牺牲了生命。

They laid down their lives for their country in the war.

他们在那场战争中为国捐躯了。

7. draw upon/on

利用，凭借，依赖，临近

I had to draw on my savings to pay for the repairs.

我得动用存款来支付修理费。

Winter is drawing on/near. 冬天快到了。

draw a conclusion (from) 从（……）中得出结论

draw one s attention to sth. 有意使某人注意某物

draw one s eye 吸引某人目光

draw sth. up 草拟

重点句型

8. She graduated from the Shanghai Conservatory of Music,where she also studied the guzheng in 1993.

她毕业于上海音乐学院，1993年她还在那里学习古筝。

where she also studied the guzheng in 1993,这里where 作关系副词，引导一个非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作地点状语。有时where 作连词，也可引导地点状语从句。

We shall go to the place where work conditions are difficult.

哪儿的工作条件艰苦我们就去哪儿。

Where there is heavy traffic, the air pollution is serious.

车辆行驶得多的地方，空气污染就严重些。

Cloning复习学案（外研版选修6 Module5）

核心单词

1. contrast

v.&n. 对照;与……形成对比

常用结构：

contrast ...with/and ...对比……和……

contrast with ...与……形成对照;与……形成对比

in contrast with/to 和……形成对比

by contrast 通过对比

make a contrast with 与……形成对比

Her actions contrast sharply with her promises.

=Her actions and her promises contrast sharply.

她的行动和承诺形成了鲜明的对比。

His white hair was in sharp contrast with/to his dark skin.

他的白头发与黑皮肤形成了鲜明的对比。

2. fear

n.恐惧，害怕

v.害怕；畏惧；担心（后可接名词，代词,to do/doing 或跟that从句) 常用结构：

for fear that/of doing sth. 唯恐;以免（发生危险）

in fear 惊恐地

We lived in constant fear of losing our jobs.

我们一直生活在担心失去工作的阴影中。

The teacher asked us to shut the window for fear of rain.

老师要求我们关上窗户，以防下雨。

She hid the jewelry for fear that it would be stolen.

她把珠宝藏好以防被偷。

She fears to tell/telling him the truth.

她害怕告诉他事实真相。

3. beneficial

adj. 有益的，有用的

常用结构：

be beneficial to对……有好处

Fresh air and good food are beneficial to the health.

新鲜的空气和优良的食物有益于健康。

联想拓展

benefit from/by 从……中受益

for the benefit of 为了……的利益

be of benefit to 对……有益

The new credit card will be of great benefit to our customers.

新的信用卡将会给我们的客户带来很多好处。

Many thousands have benefited from the new treatment.

千千万万的人受益于这种新的疗法。

4. cure

v. 治愈；改正；解决

n.疗法；对策；解决方案

常用结构：

cure sb. of ...治愈某人的……

a cure for ...……的治疗/解决方案（方法）

It might be several months before she’s fully cured.

她完全治愈还要好几个月的时间。

Nothing seemed to cure him of his nervousness.

好像没有什么能消除他的紧张。

Attempts to cure unemployment have so far failed.

到目前为止，解决失业问题的种种努力都失败了。

This is the only possible cure for his failure in his study.

对于他学习失败来说这是唯一可能的解决方案。

5. treat

vt.看待，对待

常和as搭配，表示“把……作为……来对待”。

与“treat ...as”用法及意思相似的搭配还有：regard ...as; consider ...as; think of ...as; look on/upon ...as; take ...as。

She is treated as the leading authority on the subject.

她被看作是这个课题的主要权威。

联想拓展

treat作为动词，还有“治疗；招待，请客”的意思，常和介词to搭配,构成treat sb. to sth.，表示“用……招待；以……款待”。

She treated her cold with vitamins.她用维生素来治疗感冒。

I’m going to treat myself to a holiday in Spain next year.

为犒劳自己明年我要去西班牙度假。

The theme of the play is skillfully treated.

这个剧本的主题处理得很好。

6. absorb

v.吸收，吸取；掌握，理解；使全神贯注，使专心

常用结构：

be absorbed in专心致力于……

absorb one s attention 吸引某人的注意力

be absorbed into 被吸收/纳入

Caffeine is rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream.

咖啡因很快被血液吸收了。

We had to absorb a lot of new information very quickly.

我们必须尽快掌握大量的新知识。

The boy was absorbed in the book when I came into his room.

当我走进房间的时候，这个男孩正在专心致志地读书。

重点短语

7. burn out

(火)燃尽，烧完自灭；把……烧成空架子；使精疲力竭，使累垮

The stove burnt out at night, so it was very cold in the morning.

火炉夜里灭了，所以早晨很冷。

We saw the house that had been burnt out on our way home.

在回家的路上,我们看到了被烧成空架子的房子。

When we got to the top of the mountain, we burnt ourselves out.

当我们到达山顶的时候，我们累垮了。

联想拓展

burn away 烧尽；烧完

burn down 烧毁；火势减弱

burn up 被烧毁，烧尽；消耗

The candle finally burned away. 蜡烛最终烧尽了。

The hotel was burned down. 宾馆被烧毁了。

8. get out of control 摆脱控制

联想拓展

lose control of 失去控制

keep control of 控制（表示状态）

take/get control of 控制（表示动作）

beyond/out of control 失去控制，无法控制

in/under control 得到控制，处于控制之下

be in control of 指挥、管理或支配某事物

bring/get sth. under control 控制，抑制

He lost control of his car.

他的车子失控了。

The fire got out of control. 火势无法控制。

Although she is old, she s still in control of all that is happening.

虽然她年事已高，但依然掌管着所有的事情。

9. break down

出故障；失败，遭受挫折；(感情)失去控制；身体垮掉；精神崩溃；分解He broke down and wept when he heard the news.

听到这个消息时他不禁痛哭起来。

Negotiations between the two sides have broken down.

双方谈判已经破裂。

Our car broke down and we had to push it off the road.

我们的车子抛锚了，我们只好把它推下公路。

His health broke down as a result of overwork.

过度工作让他累垮了身体。

Sugar and starch are broken down in the stomach.

糖和淀粉在胃里被分解。

联想拓展

break away from 脱离；挣脱

break in 闯入；打岔

break into 闯入；突然发出

break off 折断；中断

break out 突然爆发

break through 突破，取得进展

break up 分解；驱散；结束

重点句型

10. I wish I had not done this terrible thing.

我希望我当时没做这可怕（糟糕）的事。

How I wish I could fly to the moon！

我多么希望我能飞上月球啊！

I wish I knew what was going to happen.

但愿我能知道要发生什么事。

I wish I had succeeded in the interview.

我希望我在当时的面试中成功了。

I wish you hadn’t told me all this.

我倒希望你当初没把这一切都告诉我。

wish 后宾语从句中用虚拟语气表示不可能实现的愿望。

（1）wish 后跟一般过去时表示对当时存在的事实的一种不切合实际的想法。（2）wish 后跟过去完成式时，表示以前发生的一种憾事。

War and Peace复习学案（外研版选修6 Module6）

核心单词

1. occupy

vt.占领；占据；占用；占有（时间、空间）；承担，担任；使忙碌于（做某事）常用结构：

be occupied in doing sth.忙于做某事

be occupied with sth. 从事/忙于某事

occupy oneself with/in 从事……;忙于……;专心于……

The region was quickly occupied by foreign troops.

这个地区很快被外国军队占领了。

All the seats on the bus were occupied.

公共汽车上的座位都被坐满了。

The problem has been occupying my mind all week.

一周以来，我一直在思考这个问题。

He was occupied in writing a book.

=He occupied himself in writing a book.

=He was occupied with a book.

他忙于写一本书。

2. abandon

vt. 抛弃，遗弃；中止，放弃；舍弃

abandoned

adj.抛弃了的；废弃的；放纵的

常用结构：

abandon oneself to 沉湎于；陷入

abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事

abandon hope (of doing sth.)放弃（做……的）希望

Snow forced many drivers to abandon their vehicles.

大雪使许多司机放弃了车辆。

The baby has been abandoned by his mother.

这个婴儿被母亲抛弃了。

They had to abandon the game because of rain.

他们不得不因为下雨而停止比赛。

The boy abandoned himself to computer games.

这个男孩沉湎于电脑游戏。

易混辨析

abandon/desert/give up/quit

abandon强调“(不顾责任、义务)完全/永远地遗弃”，尤其是指遗弃以前感兴趣或负有责任的人或物。

desert 强调“违背誓言、命令、责任、义务等”，含有非难和指责之意。

The soldier deserted his country and helped the enemy.

那个士兵叛国助敌。

give up常用于口语中，意思相当于abandon。

quit 强调“突然或不经意地放弃”,常指“停止”。

She quitted her job.

她放弃了工作。

3. wound

v. 使受伤；伤害

n.伤口；创伤

He wounded the man in the leg. 他打伤了那名男子的腿。

The security guard was lucky that it was only a flesh wound.

那个保安很幸运，只受了皮肉伤。3. wound

v. 使受伤；伤害

n.伤口；创伤

He wounded the man in the leg. 他打伤了那名男子的腿。

The security guard was lucky that it was only a flesh wound.

那个保安很幸运，只受了皮肉伤。

联想拓展

wounded adj. 负伤的，受（刀、枪等）伤害的

the wounded （尤指战争中的）受伤者;伤员

The wounded were carried to hospital immediately.

伤员被立即送往医院。

易混辨析

injure/hurt/wound

injure含义较广，既可以指身体上的轻重伤害，又可以指对感情、声誉、机会等的不利影响。

hurt指对肉体造成强烈的疼痛感，也指对感情造成伤害。

wound 指在战争、攻击中受到刀或枪的创伤，一般有明显的伤口。

There were two people injured in the car accident.

有两个人在车祸中受伤。