高考英语语法精讲精练专题 02代词
高考英语语法专题复习代词
高考英语语法专题复习三、代词知识要点：代词是代替名词、名词短语或句子的词;代词可分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、不定代词、疑问代词、相互代词、连接代词、关系代词等九类;一、人称代词人称代词在句中可以用作主语用主格,如I, you, he, she, it, we, they,等和宾语用宾格,如me, you, him, her, it, us, them等：人称代词的用法:注：1在电话中或It is/was...that/who...强调句型中被强调部分做主语时,用主格：---Is that Mr. Li ---Yes. This is he. It’s I who did it.这是我干的;2单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格：“I’m tired.” “Me too.” “我累了;”“我也累了;”“Who wants this” “Me.” “谁要这个”“我要;”3有时用主格或宾格会导致意思的变化：I like you better than he.我比他更喜欢你;为I like you better than he likes you.I like you better than him.我喜欢你胜过喜欢他;为I like you better than I like him.4人称代词的排列顺序：单数人称代词通常按“二三一”排列,即you, he and I；复数人称代词通常按“一二三”排列,即we, you and they：You, he and I are of the same age.你,他和我都是同一年龄;We , you and they are all good citizens.我们,你们和他们都是好公民;但若用于承担责任或错误等场合,则可把第一人称I置于其他人称代词之前：Tom and I hope to go there.汤姆和我想去那儿;I and Tom are to blame.我和汤姆该受批评;但是,you and I是固定结构,语序通常不宜颠倒;5人称代词后跟名词同位语;有些人称代词后有时可跟同位语：These small desks are for us students.这些小课桌是给我们学生的;We girls often go to the movies together.我们女孩子常一起去看电影;He asked you boys to be quiet.他要你们男孩子安静些;二、物主代词物主代词分形容词性物主代词my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their和名词性物主代词mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs;形容词性物主代词相当于形容词,置于名词前,作定语；名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,在句中作主语、宾语、表语、连用of作定语：His son is taller than hers.他的儿子比她的儿子高;Ours is a great country.我们的国家是一个伟大的国家Her son is a friend of ours.她的儿子是我们的朋友;This is your pen. Mine is in the box.这是你的铅笔,我的在铅笔盒里;注：1 a friend of mine ours, yours, hers, his, theirs结构2 物主代词与own连用;表强调;也可用of one’s own置于名词后作定语：Mind your own business.别管闲事;I saw it with my own eyes.那是我亲眼看到的;I hope to have a room of my own. / I hope to have my own house.我希望有自己的房子;三、指示代词指示代词是用来指代或标记人或事物的代词,表示“这个,这些”“那个,那些”;在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语；单数：this, that；复数：these, those；为了方便学习将such,so也归于此类;I like these and he likes those.我喜欢这些,他喜欢那些;What I want to say is this.我想说的就是这点;注：1 指示代词用作主语和定语时,可指人或物；用作宾语和表语时,只指物;如：This is my father. 作主语,指人Do you know this作宾语,指物,译为“你知道这个情况吗2 刚提到的或已经完成的事情时用that,但是若要指下文将要发生或将要提到的事情通常用this：She married Jim, and that surprised me.她嫁给了吉姆,这使我感到很吃惊;I want to know this: Is he healthy我想知道这一点：他是否很健康;3 在打电话时,通常用this指自己,用that指对方：Hello. This is Jim. Is that John喂,我是吉姆,你是约翰吗4 such指代前面所述的这样的人或事;如：Such is Albert Einstein, a famous physicist, but a simple man. 这就是艾尔伯特,爱因斯坦,......5 so代替一个句子或短语表达的事情;a.在believe,expect,suppose,imagine,think等词后用so代替前文观点;表肯定、否定=not均可;b. 用于表示肯定的hope,I’m afraid后,代替前文提出的观点;四、反身代词反身代词是oneself根据所指词的人称、性别、单复数等变化的词单数：myself, yourself,himself, herself, itself, 复数：ourselves, yourselves, themselves,在句中可作宾语、表语、同位语,不能作主语; 注：1用作同位语加强被修饰词的语气,紧放在被修饰名词后,或句末：The box itself is not so heavy.箱子本身并不重;You yourself said so. / You said so yourself.你自己是这样说的;2用作宾语动词或for,of, in, by, to等介词的宾语：She could not make herself understood.她不能使别人听懂她的话;You’ll have to see if he has come for yourself. for one self 亲自,为自己The computer may shut off of itself. of oneself 自动的You shouldn’t leave the child at home by herself. b y oneself 独自,单独Jim isn’t bad in himself, but he likes playing tricks on others. in one self 本身He likes a table to himself. to oneself 独自占用3 用作表语：有时用于be, feel, seem, look等后作表语表示身体或精神处于正常状态：The poor boy was myself.那个可怜的孩子就是我自己;The ones who really want it are ourselves.真正想要它的是我们自己;I'm not quite myself these days.我近来身体不大舒服;I'll be myself again in no time.我过一会儿就会好的;4 含有反身代词的动词短语：devote oneself to=be devoted to 专心于;lose oneself=be lost in 迷失；seat oneself= be seated 坐下; express oneself 表达某人的思想; say for oneself 为自己找借口；say to oneself 心想; talkto oneself 自言自语; feel oneself 觉得正常; come to oneself 苏醒；五、疑问代词疑问代词包括who, whom, whose,which, what,在句中可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语等：1、who与whom的用法：前者为主格,用作主语、宾语,后者为宾格,用作宾语;Who spoke at the meeting Whom are you talking about口语中或作宾语的whom位于句首时,通常可用who代替,但whom前有介词时除外：Whom is the letter from2、whose的用法：表示“谁的”,既可用于名词前作定语,也可单独使用;在句中作主、宾、表、定语;Whose is better, yours or hers作主语Whose do you love better, yours or hers作宾语Tom has already taken his bag is this作表语Whose bag do you like作定语3、what和which的用法：有选择范围时,多用which；无选择范围或不明确时,多用what;拓展：what的习惯用法：1 What...for... 和What for 用于询问原因和目的;---What did you put it into the soup for --- It would improve the taste.你为什么...---I’m going to the grocery store. ---What for We still have enough food in the apartment.为何啊(2)What if...表示假设、建议、征求意见或疑虑;What if it rains while we are on the way(3)What do you mean by...表示愤怒、不满等情绪;What do you mean by shutting the door so loudly(4)What/How about...用于征求对方意见、询问对方的情况;(5)疑问词what构成的固定搭配;So what那又怎么样呢表示不感兴趣或认为不重要What next店员用语还要什么Guess what你猜怎么着用于引起他人的注意What can I do for you你要买借什么4、what和who的区别：一般来说;what问职业、地位等,who问姓名或关系等：Who is he他是谁What is he他是干什么的六、相互代词相互代词只有each other和one another,它们在句中通常只用作宾语：We should help each other.我们应该互相帮助;They respect one another.他们互相尊重对方;The sea and the sky seem to melt into each other.大海和蓝天似乎融为一体;注：1相互代词在句中通常只用作宾语,不可作主语,所以以相互代词为宾语的句子不能变为被动语态;2不要将相互代词误认为是副词,将其用作状语,如可说talk to each other,但不能说talk each other;3相互代词可以有所有格形式：The students borrowed each other's notes.学生们互相借笔记;4有时可分开用：We each know what the other thinks.我们都知道对方的想法;七、不定代词1.不定代词概说;英语的不定代词有all, each, both, either, neither, one, none, little, few, many, much, other, another, some, any, no,few,little, both, enough, every等,以及由some, any, no和every构成的合成代词即somebody, anyone, nothing等;在这些不定代词中,多数都能作主语、宾语、表语或定语,但是代词none以及由some, any, no和every构成的合成代词只能作主语、宾语或表语,不能作定语,而no和every则只用作定语;2.指两者和三者的不定代词;有些不定代词用于指两者如both, either, neither,有的不定代词用于指三者如all, any, none, every,注意不要弄混：Both of my parents are doctors.我的父母都是医生;All of the students are interested in it.所有的学生对此都很感兴趣;There are trees on any side of the square.广场的每一边都种有树;He has two sons, neither of whom is rich.他有两个儿子,都不富有;He has three sons, none of whom is rich.他有三个儿子,都不富有;注：each可用于两者、三者或三者以上,而every只用于三者或三者以上,因此用于两者时只能用each,不能用every;如不能说There are trees on every side of the road.3.复合不定代词的用法特点;复合不定代词包括something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, no one, everything, everybody, everyone等;它们在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语,但不能用作定语;something, someone等和anything, anyone等的区别与some和any的区别一样,前者一般用于肯定句,后者一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件句参见any & some;具体使用时应注意以下几点：1复合不定代词受定语修饰时,定语应放在它们后面：There is nothing wrong with the radio.这收音机没有毛病;Have you seen anyone anybody famous你见过名人吗2指人的复合不定代词若用作主语,其谓语动词一般用单数,相应的人称代词和物主代词也用单数he, him, his 不一定指男性;但在非正式文体中常用复数代词they, them, their：Everyone knows this, doesn't he don't they人人都知道这一点,不是吗If anybody anyone comes, ask him them to wait.要是有人来,让他等着;3指事物的复合不定代词若用作主语,谓语动词只能用单数,相应的人称代词也只能用it,而不用they：Everything is ready, isn't it一切都准备好了,是吗4anyone, everyone等只能指人,不能指物,且其后一般不接of短语;若是指物或后接of短语,可用any one, every one 分开写：any one of the boys books孩子们书当中的任何一个本every one of the students schools每一个学生一所学校4.是any not还是not any;按英语习惯,any以及含有any的复合不定代词用于否定句时,它只能出现在否定词之后,而不能在否定词之前：误：Any one doesn't know how to do it.正：No one knows how to do it.任何人都不知道如何做它;误：Anybody Anyone cannot do it.正：Nobody No one can do it.这事谁也干不了;误：Anything cannot prevent me from going.正：Nothing can prevent me from going.什么也不能阻挡我去;5.不定代词与部分否定;不定代词all, both, every等与not连用时构成部分否定；若要表示完全否定,则需换用none, neither, no one等;比较：All of the students like the novel.所有这些学生都喜欢这本小说;Not all of the students like the novel.并不是所有这些学生都喜欢这本小说;All of the students don’t like the novel.并不是所有这些学生都喜欢这本小说;None of the students like the novel.这些学生当中没有一个喜欢这本小说;6.all, both, each等用作同位语;若用作主语同位语,主语可以是名词或代词；若用作宾语等其他成分的同位语,则宾语等成分必须是人称代词,而不能是名词：We have all read it.我们都读过他;all修饰的主语是代词The villages have all been destroyed.村庄都被毁了;all修饰的主语是名词They told us all to wait there.他叫我们都在那儿等;all修饰的宾语是代词但不能说：They told the men all to wait there. all修饰的宾语是名词不是代词7.so little与such little的区别;用so little还是such little取决于little的意思：若表示数量方面的“少”,则用so little；若表示形状体积的“小”,则用such little：He has so little time for reading.他读书的时间少得可怜;I've never seen such little boxes.我从未见过那样小的盒子;8.some与any的用法区别;一般说来,some用于肯定句中,any用于否定句和疑问句中;但是,在表示请求、邀请或征求意见的句子中,通常要用some而不用any：Would you like some cake吃点蛋糕吗Why not buy some bread为什么不买些面包呢Shall I get some chalk for you要我帮你拿些粉笔来吗注：any有时也用于肯定句中,此时表示“任何”：Any colour will do.任何颜色都行;Come any day you like.随便哪天来都可以;9.many与much的用法区别;两者都表示“许多”,但many修饰或代替可数名词复数,与few少数相对；而much用来修饰或代替不可数名词单数,与little少量相对;在口语中两者主要用于非肯定句中：Did you see many people there你在那儿看见许多人了吗We don't have much time.我们没有许多时间;在肯定句中,一般用a lot of, lots of, plenty of等代之;但在正式文体中有时也用于肯定句中；另外,若用作主语或主语的定语,或其前有how, too, as, so, a good, a great等修饰,也可用于肯定句中：Many of us left early.我们有许多人离开得很早;Much work has been done.许多工作都已经做了;You've given me too much.你已给我太多了;Take as many much as you want.你要多少拿多少;I asked her a great many questions.我问了她许多问题;10.few, a few与little, a little的用法区别;1few和a few后接可数名词的复数形式;few表示数量很少或几乎没有,强调“少”,含有否定意义；a few表示数量虽然少但毕竟还有,强调“有”,含有肯定意义：It is very difficult, and few people understand it.它很难,没有几个人能懂;It is very difficult, but a few people understand it.他虽难,但是有些人懂;2little和a little之后接不可数名词,其区别跟few和a few之间的区别相似：Unfortunately, I had little money on me.很不巧,我身上没带什么钱;Fortunately, I had a little money on me.幸好我身上带着一点钱;11.other, the other, another与others的用法区别：这些不定代词不仅在含义上有单复数之分,而且在用法上有泛指无the和特指有the之别;其用法区别可归纳如下：1指单数时,若泛指用another,若特指用the other：Give me another one.另外给我一个;Shut the other eye, please.请把另一只眼睛也闭上;2指复数时,若泛指用other后接复数名词,若特指用the other后接复数名词：There are other ways of doing it.做这事还有其他的办法;Where have the other students gone其他学生都到哪里去了3others永远表示复数意义且其后不能再接名词;其用法大致相当于“other+复数名词”,同样地the others大致相当于“the other＋复数名词”：Other people Others may not think that way.别的人可能不这样想;He is cleverer than the others the other students in her class.他比班上其他学生聪明;4another一般只能表单数,且其后接名词也只能接单数名词;但是若其后有数词或few修饰时,则也可接复数名词：We need another few chairs.我们还需要几把椅子;In another two weeks it'll be finished.再过两个星期就可做完了;5与some对比使用时,用others此时与some同义：Some say yes, and others say no.有人说对,有人说不对;12.不定代词与语境考题;不定代词是高考的常考考点,有的不定代词考题出得比较灵活,不能死套规则,要注意结合语境来理解：1“Is ____ here” “No, Bob and Tim have asked for leave.”A. anybodyB. everybodyC. somebodyD. nobody若只是从表面来看,填空句是个疑问句,可能会误选A;但其实此题最佳答案应选B,因为下文的答句说“只有Bob和Tim请假了”,这说明问句是在查人数,故用Is everybody here 大家都到齐了吗2I agree with most of what you said, but I don't agree with _____.A. everythingB. anythingC. somethingD. nothing此句若从表面看,有可能误选B,因为填空句为否定句;但实际上最佳答案为A,因为上文说“我同意他说的大部分内容”,这与下文的but I don’t agree with everything但并不是同意他说的所有内容完全相符;3“Do you have _____ at home now, Mary” “No, we still have to get some fruit and tea.”A. somethingB. anythingC. everythingD. nothing答案选C,句意为“玛丽,现在家里东西都准备齐了吗”“还没有,我们还要买些水果和茶;”4“If you want a necklace, I’ll buy one for you at once.” “Oh, no. A necklace is not _____ that I need most. A. anythingB. somethingC. nothingD. everything此题容易误选A,机械地认为：something用于肯定句,anything用于否定句或疑问句;但是,此题的最佳答案是B,something在此的意思不是“某种东西”,而是指“那种东西”或“这种东西”,即心中最想要的那种东西相当于the thing;。
2019版高考英语专题化语法讲义：专题二 代 词
专题二代__词人称代词、物主代词与反身代1．人称代词(1)人称代词作主语用主格，作宾语、表语用宾格，但应注意以下五种情况： ①作主语的人称代词如果孤立地使用于无谓语动词的句子中，或在这种句子中与动词不定式连用，常用宾格。
—Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard. —Why me ？John is sitting there doing nothing. ——苏珊，去和你姐姐一起打扫院子。
——为什么我去？约翰坐在那里什么也没做。
②句子中代词作宾语或宾语补足语时，与所替代的名词在人称、数、格以及意义上一般要保持前后一致。
This is our new car.I bought it yesterday.(用it代替our new car)这是我们的新汽车。
我昨天买的。
③作表语的人称代词一般用宾格，但在强调句型中，被强调部分代词的格不变。
I met her in the hospital.→It was I who met her in the hospital.我是在医院见到她的。
④含比较级的句子中than, as后用主格、宾格都可以。
He is taller than me (I)．他比我高。
但在下列句子中有区别：I like Jack as much as her.＝I like both Jack and her.我喜欢杰克，也喜欢她。
I like Jack as much as she.＝I like Jack and she likes him, too.我喜欢杰克，她也喜欢他。
⑤用来表示感叹时，用代词的宾格代替主格形式。
Dear me！天哪！(2)两个以上的人称代词并列，其次序排列原则：在并列主语中，“I”总是放在最后，排列顺序为：二三一(人称)。
宾格me也一样。
You, she and I will be in charge of the case.我、你和她三人将负责这个案件。
高考英语一轮复习语法专题突破专题二代词练习(含解析)外研版
专题二代词达标检测Ⅰ．单句语法填空1．(2020·新高考卷)As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine __themselves (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.解析：考查反身代词。
句意：除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。
此处指代visitors，意为“他们自己”，应使用反身代词。
故填themselves。
2．(2020·新课标卷Ⅰ)Data about the moon’s composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether __its (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.解析：考查代词。
句意：关于月亮构成的数据，比如它含有多少水和其他财富，可以帮助中国决定它未来月球基地的计划是否实用。
根据空后的名词plans可知，此处应使用形容词性物主代词it。
故填its。
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give __it/running a try.解析：考查代词或名词的用法。
句意：如果你时间不充裕，你只需要花费其他运动一半的时间去跑步便可获得同样的好处，因此或许我们都应该试试跑步。
高考必考语法精讲精练专题二_代词版含解析
高考必考语法精讲精练语法专题二：代词代词是英语中非常重要的一类词，也是高考必考考点。
《2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》附录语法项目表中对代词考查列了六项：①人称代词②物主代词③反身代词④指示代词⑤不定代词⑥疑问代词。
2015年高考全国卷Ⅰ第54题（完形填空）考查的是代词whoever、whatever、whichever 与whenever的辨析；第63题（语法填空）考查的是its的用法；第78题（短文改错）考查的是不定代词much与many的辨析，第80题（短文改错）考查的是your与our的辨析。
2016年高考全国卷Ⅰ第44题（完形填空）考查的是代词each，another，this与that 的辨析；第68题（语法填空）考查的是its的用法（给出代词it，根据题意须将其变为its）；第71题（短文改错）考查的是关系代词that与which的辨析；第79题（短文改错）考查的是our与his的辨析。
2017高考全国卷Ⅰ第70题考查的是关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。
I.代词种类：II.人称代词、物主代词及反身代词对应关系表：III.不定代词用法注意点：1. one, some与any:1) one可以泛指任何人，也可特指，复数为ones。
some多用于肯定句，any多用于疑问句和否定句。
One should learn to think of others.Have you any bookmarks? No, I don’t have any bookmarks.I have some questions to ask.2) some可用于疑问句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答复，或者表示建议，请求等。
Would you like some bananas?Could you give me some money?3) some 和any修饰可数名词单数时，some表示某个，any表示任何一个。
三年高考2017_2019高考英语真题分项汇编专题02代词介词和介词短语含解析
三年（2017-2019）年高考真题分项汇编专题02 代词、介词和介词短语一、2019年高考真题1.【2019·天津卷·单项填空】3.A study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier than _________who are not.A. onesB. thoseC. theseD. them【答案】B【解析】考查代词。
句意：一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比不参加课外活动的学生更开心。
空格处代词与the students是对应关系，可以用the ones或者those替代。
“them”指代的是前边提到的复数名词，不能与the students形成对应关系。
“these”一般不用定语从句修饰。
故选B。
2.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】27.Favorable policies are ___________ to encourage employees' professional development.A. in effectB. in commandC. in turnD. in shape【答案】A【解析】考查介词短语。
句意：好的制度政策实际上都会激发员工的专业水平的提升。
A. in effect实际上；B. in command指挥；C. in turn轮流，依次；D. in shape在外形上，处于良好的状态。
故选A。
3.【2019·新课标I卷·语法填空】Modem methods ___63___ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive to perform (perform) consistently over a large area.【答案】of/for【解析】考查介词用法。
专题02 代词(原卷版)-【直击考点】2022年新高考英语语法填空必考点一站式特训(全国通用)
专题02代词（原卷版）学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、单项选择1．（2021·山东高考真题）—Amy, is this Jenny's bike?—Let me see. Oh, no. ________is red.A．She B．Hers.C．Her D．Herself 2．（2021·天津南开区·南开中学高三月考）One of the most important questions they had to consider was ___________ of public health.A．what B．that C．this D．which 3．（2021·黑龙江牡丹江市·牡丹江一中）— Which of the two films did you prefer?— Actually I didn’t like ______.A．either of them B．both of them C．none of them D．neither of them 4．（2021·天津高三期末）My close friends，after they heard about my experiences in South America，________ said it was totally out of their imagination.A．which B．themC．all D．who5．（2021·天津河东区·）I’m moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than in the city.A．ones B．one C．that D．those 6．（2021·天津高三一模）—It is said that Frank is very rich and is always changing his private cars . What is he?—________of a manager, I am not sure.A．Somebody B．Anyone C．Something D．Anything 7．（2021·贵溪市实验中学高二期末）——How many girls are there in our classroom?——________.The students are having PE lessons. There is in the classroom. A．No one; nobody B．None; nobody C．None; none D．Nobody; none 8．（2021·天津高二期末）Actually, ________ is a challenging job for the young staff to negotiate contracts with such a big company.A．there B．this C．that D．it 9．（2021·天津高二期末）________ is important for us to break boundaries and work together.A．What B．That C．This D．It 10．（2021·黑龙江哈尔滨市第六中学校高一期末）Few pleasures can equal ________ of a cool drink on a hot day.A．that B．it C．one D．some 11．（2021·天津市天津中学高三月考）My brother would like to buy a good watch but_______ was available from that shop.A．nothing B．noneC．no one D．neither12．（2021·黑龙江实验中学高三月考）After work I went to the box office to buy the tickets for Kungfu Panda 2, only to be told there was ______ left．A．nothing B．none C．no one D．neither 13．（2021·云南高三学业考试）I’d appreciate _______________ if you could give me an early reply.A．you B．myself C．it D．them 14．（2021·黑龙江哈尔滨三中高三期末）I know the dinner with your boss will be boring, but if you get an important phone call during meal, it is easierto .A．make a hit B．make an exit C．make a difference D．make a distinction15．（2021·黑龙江哈尔滨市·哈尔滨三中）Mr. and Mrs. Scott prefer a restaurant in a small town to ______ in so large a city as New York.A．this B．oneC．it D．that16．（2021·天津高三二模）The quality of education in this small school is better than ______ in some larger schools.A．that B．oneC．it D．this17．（2021·北京师范大学天津附属中学高三三模）Don’t __ that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be most successful.A．take as granted B．take this for grantedC．take that for granted D．take it for granted18．（2021·天津市武清区杨村第一中学高三一模）—Oh，my English novel is missing.—I saw Tom leaving with ________，but I am not sure whether yours was included. A．one B．itC．some D．that19．（2021·银川市第六中学高三三模）I’d appreciate ____ if you would like to teach me how to use this computer.A．that B．thisC．you D．it20．（2021·福建省武平县第一中学高三一模）Do you think ________ true that ________is hard work that leads to success?A．it; it B．it; what C．that; it D．what; which 21．（2021·天津耀华中学高三一模）My uncle promised to buy a nice gift for my birthday, ________ beyond my imagination.A．which B．that C．something D．the one 22．（2021·天津南开中学高三二模）It is believed________ children should learn to be responsible from the very beginning.A．why B．that C．how D．when 23．（2021·黑龙江大庆中学高二期末）Miss Shen’s methods of teaching are nothing like________ of the teachers at my Junior High school.A．that B．this C．ones D．those 24．（2021·浙江高三月考）He is a strict but kind teacher, ________ is always trying to make his classes ________ and interesting.A．one; living B．one who; lively C．he; lovely D．he who; live 25．（2021·银川市第六中学高三三模）– Which driver was to blame?-- Why, ______! It was the child’s fault, clear and simple. He suddenly came out between two parked cars.A．both B．eachC．either D．neither二、汉译英（整句）26．（2021·上海高二期末）建议在低温下做这项实验。
高考英语语法词汇专项突破：02解锁定语从句中的关系词及其特殊结构“介词+关系代词”
高考英语语法词汇专项突破：02解锁定语从句中的关系副词及其特殊结构“介词+关系代词”【高考试题呈现】【考例1】（2023年全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, ______ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables.答案与解析：where。
考查定语从句的关系副词。
句中先行词为town，后面的定语从句的是主系表结构，不缺成分，因此依据句意和先行词是指地点的名词看出所填的关系词在所引导的在非限定性定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。
故填where。
句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里全部的生命好像都和四周的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了很多古老寓言中的一些生疏的词。
（2022年天津卷其次次）Guide books are prepared to suit the convenience of the traveler, ________ 【考例2】routes round a city or a site are often suggested.A. for whichB. with whichC. for whomD. with whom答案与解析：C。
考查定语从句的“介词+关系代词”结构。
依据句意和空白处前面的逗号可知空处所填的关系词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词traveler；结合句意，路线是给游客供应、为了游客而给出的建议，故需要用介词for表示“给……”，先行词为人，故for后用whom。
故选C项。
句意：旅游指南是为了给游客供应便利的，里面为游客建议了参观一个城市或景点的线路。
高考英语二轮总复习第2部分专题2语法填空考法一有提示词类第2讲提示词为名词代词形容词或副词课件
5．(2021·全国新高考Ⅰ卷)The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets，the ________(hot) the spring!
【答案】 interest 【解析】 考查名词。句意：月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣。根据 空前的形容词particular可知，空处应填名词，interest是不可数名词， (sth.) be of interest to sb.意为“(某物)使某人感兴趣”。故填interest。
考点3 人称代词、物主代词、反身代词 辨明题类 所给提示词是代词时，一般考查人称代词变为物主代词。有时需考 虑人称代词单数变复数、主格变为宾格、人称代词变为反身代词等。 技法点拨 1．提示词为代词，分析句子成分所填词若作介词或者动词的宾 语，则考虑人称代词的宾格；若与主语是同一人，则考虑反身代词。
【答案】 extremely 【解析】 考查副词。句意：尽管这个小镇会因为不断的旅游团而 变得非常繁忙，它成功地保存了许多传统建筑。由副词修饰形容词可 知，此处为副词extremely修饰形容词busy。故填extremely。
真题体验 1．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)When he looked down, he ______ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. 【答案】 accidentally 【解析】 考查副词。句意：当他往下看时，不小心滑了一跤，从 悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该用副词修饰动词 slipped 。 accidental 为 形 容 词 ， 意 为 “ 意 外 的 ， 失 误 的 ” ， 其 副 词 为 accidentally，意为“意外地，失误地”。故填accidentally。
高考英语易错语法点30题专题02 代词(解析版)
高考语法复习 2 代词【走进高考】1.【2019·天津卷·单项填空】.A study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier than _________who are not.A. onesB. thoseC. theseD. them【答案】B【解析】考查代词。
句意：一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比不参加课外活动的学生更开心。
空格处代词与the students是对应关系，可以用the ones或者those替代。
“them”指代的是前边提到的复数名词，不能与the students形成对应关系。
“these”一般不用定语从句修饰。
故选B。
2.【2016·浙江】In many ways, the education system in the US is not very different from ____in the UK.A. thatB. thisC. oneD. it【答案】A【解析】考查代词。
句意：在很多方面，美国的教育体系和英国的教育体系很不相同。
指代上文的名词education system，用that，而且后面有介词短语作后置定语。
This表示“近指”，one是泛指可数名词单数，it是特指上文提到的名词。
故选A。
3.【2016·浙江】I have always enjoyed all the events you organized and I hope to attend in the coming yearsA. little moreB. no moreC. much moreD. many more【答案】D【解析】考查短语辨析。
句意：我一直很喜欢你组织的所有的活动并且希望在未来的几年里参加更多的活动。
A.没有这个搭配；B.不再；C.多得多（修饰不可数名词）；D. many more更多（修饰可数名词）。
高考英语二轮总复习 第1部分 语篇型语法填空和短文改错 专题2 代词和介词
基础自诊·夯基固本
-2-
词汇复习2(根据汉语提示填入以a开头的单词的适当形式,然后 背诵情景,熟记以a开头的课标高频词汇。)
【情景1】 At the anniversary of Agricultural Products Expo,an American agent made an address on how to 1. accumulate (积 累)adequate knowledge to improve the production.Anyway,we should make any 2. alternative (可供选择的) solutions,or even 3. appoint (委派)amateurs or allocate adults who served in
There is no water left in the bottle.(no=not any) 瓶子里没有水。
高频考点·探究突破
-15-
一二
(2)either,any,both,all的常见用法 either 指两者之一;any指三者或三者以上之一。 both指两者都;all 指三者或三者以上都。 (3)表示“另外的”不定代词:the other,other,others,another的常见用 法 ①the other指两者中的另一个,表示特指,可单独使用,也可接单数 名词。常用结构为one...the other...。如: There are two pens.One is his;the other is Tom’s. 有两支钢笔。一支是他的,另一支是汤姆的。
(2)“of(介词)+名词性物主代词(或名词所有格)”构成双重所有格, 如:a friend of my father’s我父亲的一位朋友。
2023年高考英语一轮专题复习语法精讲：代词(2) 课件
代词 it
one/ ones
that/ those
用法
例句
替代前面提到过的同一个人或物。
This is our new car.We bought it yesterday.这是我们的新车。我们昨天买
的。
It's standard practice for a company like
one用来替代前面出现的单数可数名词， this one to employ a security officer.像这
about fashion. 【解析】句意为：当校园里每一个学生都穿校服的时候，就没有人会担心时尚(的问 题)了。由句意可知，设空处表示“没有人”，故填nobody。
考法训练
单句语法填空
6．The bridge links three areas, making it much more convenient to travel
base are practical. 【解析】句意为：关于月球构成的数据，比如月球上含有多少冰和其他宝藏，能够 帮助中国判断其未来月球基地的计划是否可行。结合句意可知，此处应表示“多 少”，且ice为不可数名词，故填much。
2 [浙江2019年6月改编] When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, ______ will have to worry
touching, especially if you're giving them to your mother.
考法讲解
考法二 考查it及替代词的用法
(1)考查it作替代词，指代已提及的事物、想法或已发生的事情等。考生应掌握it作替 代词与其他替代词one, that, those等的用法区别。
专题2 代词、介词和介词短语词(解析版)-三年(2022-2024)高考英语真题分类汇编(全国通用)
专题02代词、介词和介词短语年份卷别代词（2022-2024）三年（6考）介词和介词短语（2022-2024）三年（12考）命题趋势2024新高考I 卷as 代词：研究最近几年高考真题可知，对代词的考查主要集中在：1.考查代词词形转换及代词的句法功能。
无词填空中对it 的特殊用法也是高考的热点。
介词：高考对介词的考查集中在：1.介词的基本用法和含义。
2.介词短语介词与其他词类的搭配。
新高考II 卷to (be similar to)浙江卷1月ones 全国甲卷its for 2023新高考I 卷their by 新高考II 卷with 全国甲卷we 改为us for 全国乙卷his →her to 浙江卷1月as 2022新高考I 卷as新高考II 卷全国甲卷we 改为us 删除of 全国乙卷by浙江卷1月浙江卷6月at 北京卷themselves in考点01代词1.（2024年浙江卷1月·语法填空）Who knows,perhaps some of the more forward-looking ________(one)mayyet come out with a whole range of“just for you”pack sizes with special offers as well.【答案】ones【解析】考查代词。
句意：谁知道呢，也许一些更有远见的人可能还会推出一系列“只为你”的包装尺寸，并提供特别优惠。
代词one意为“一个人”，在some of后应用复数形式。
故填ones。
2.（2024年全国甲卷语法填空）This area,with_______(it)unique and breathtaking natural beauty,must be well preserved for all people of the nation to enjoy-as a national park.【答案】its【解析】考查代词。
冲刺高考英语专题训练：专题02 代词介词冠词 (解析版)
考查定语从句。句意：熊猫国际旅游胜地也在这条绿道上，这里有40多只大熊猫。设空处代指The Panda International Tourism Resort，并在后文非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【66题详解】
考查名词。句意：离成都1000公里的地方也有一条长度相同的绿道，位于武汉。设空处为形容词same修饰的名词。故填length。
专题02代词介词冠词
距离高考还距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。以下是本人从事
养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测
【63题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：沿着这条绿道骑行已经成为一项受欢迎的活动。设空处为people’s的名词，cycle此处译为“骑自行车”，所以填动名词形式。故填cycling。
【64题详解】
考查连词。句意：你不仅可以欣赏沿途78座桥的美景，还可以游览121个生态公园如青龙湖。设空处与前文not only构成固定短语搭配not only...but also...，译为“不仅……而且……”。故填but。
1,000 kilometres south of Wuhan, a coastal greenway sits on the bay area of Shenzhen. This greenway looks like a winding ribbon (丝带) linking the city____69____the forests and the sea. Every winter, thousands of birds travel to the mangrove forest (红树林) here. And the greenway provides______70______(extreme) good spots to observe these birds.
高考英语完形填空精讲精练：专题 02 利用语境进行推测
高考英语完形填空精讲精练——利用语境进行推测近几年高考英语完形填空的最大特点是重点考查语境理解。
整篇完形填空就是一个大语境，里面存在若干“微语境”，既环环相扣，又交叉包容，另外，所给词语境，就是指文章上下文之间的联系，它们之间形成相互提示或相互反衬的作用。
正因为完形填空题主要考查考生对语境的理解能力，所以空格的间后多有的暗示（后文暗示前文的居多）。
考生在做题时，一定要取系上下文，结合语境辨析所给选项，从中选出最符合语境的选项。
利用语境暗示分析法解题上下文语境具体体现为：全文的中心主线和主题、作者的态度倾向和评价、上下文语篇衔接、句际和段际关系。
在句内层次题中，我们通常可以通过上下文语境暗示，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。
[典例] 1The instructors called for an ambulance. __55__， after a brief stay in hospital, Ben was wellenough to be allowed to __56__ and later the family met up for dinner.55．A.Fortunately B．FranklyC．Sadly D．Suddenly56．A.return B．relaxC．speak D．leave[分析]55.选A56.选D这两道题可以利用语境暗示分析法解题。
根据下文的“after a brief stay in hospital”，“well enough”和“later the family met up for dinner”这些暗示中我们可知Ben“很幸运”，“被允许出院”。
学会充分利用上下文语境所提供的线索进行选择。
真题在现1：When I was 13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team. Thatmeant 41 Miller King, who was the best 42 at our school.Football season started in September and all summer long I worked out. I carried my football everywhere for 43 .Just before September, Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm. I went to see him after he came back from44 . He looked very 45 , but he didn’t cry.41.A．cheering for B．beating out C．relying on D．staying with42．A．coach B．student C．teacher D．player43．A．practice B．show C．comfort D．pleasure44．A．school B．vacation C．hospital D．training45．A．pale B．calm C．relaxed D．ashamed答案：B D A C A句组层次题是比句内层次题稍难一级的题目，其解题信息分布在空格前后的一组意群之中，解题时需前瞻后顾，综合意群信息解答。
【一轮复习】高考英语一轮复习语法专题(二)定语从句-关系代词
高考英语一轮复习语法专题（二）定语从句------关系代词Attributive clauses一、什么是定语(attribute)？定义：定语是用来修饰名词或代词的句子成分。
He is an honest boy.We love our country.I know the girl in red.位置：单个的词作定语时，放在被修饰的名词前面；短语或从句作定语时，放在被修饰的词后面。
二、定语从句1.在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句（句意：“……的”）2.被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“ 先行词”3.引导定语从句的词叫“关系词”。
He is an Chinese teacherwho likes singing songs.该句中，teacher 是先行词，who是关系代词，who likes singing songs 叫做定语从句三、定语从句的位置定语从句通常放在被修饰词之后。
四、定语从句中的关系词关系代词：who、whom、whose、which、that关系副词：where﹑when﹑why关系代词（who, whom, which, that, whose）的指代关系关系代词的三个作用:1. 引导定语从句。
2. 代替先行词。
3. 在定语从句中担当一个成分。
关系词：指人：who、that、whom 、whose指物：which、that、whose例：1.The girl is from America.I called her just now.我刚才叫的那个女孩来自美国。
→The girl (whom/that/whoI called just now ) is from America. whom/that/who代替the girl，作定语从句中的宾语2. They’re talking about the film.I have seen the film.他们正在讨论我看过的那部电影。
[全]高考英语语法精讲与精练-代词[全考点]
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高考英语语法精讲与精练-代词一、代词讲前练：代词语篇填空训练What on earth does happiness mean？I can’t give you its exact definition, but I’m sure if you love and help [1]___________, you will get it. I’ll never forget an old lady. She lives in a small house alone.It’s said that her husband and her son died in a road accident years ago.[2]_______life is bitter, but she often helps others with a smile. Whenever it snows, [3]________ is always the first to clean the paths.She looks after several children living nearby. I am one of [4]_______. I often remember the stories she told us and her kind smile. Perhaps she is unlucky, but I think she is a happy person. Her life is full of laughter and love.But I’m sad to see some people getting [5]________ happiness in bad ways. They talk noisily in cinemas and meeting rooms; they destroy trees to enjoy[6]__________and they laugh at [7]_______ shortcomings. Perhaps they feel happy at that time, but they will never get true happiness because they have lost their personality already. Now I know [8]_________ happiness is.[9]_________ means kindness,love and unselfishness. Aboveall, I have come to understand that bringing happiness to others is getting [10]___________ happiness.Keys:1. others 2. Her 3. she 4.them 5.their 6.themselves 7.others’8.what 9. It 10.ourselves二．代词考点精讲1. 人称代词，物主代词，反身代词的用法：含有反身代词的短语有：be oneself (人)处于正常状态by oneself 独自地; 单独地come to oneself苏醒过来; 醒悟过来; 恢复理性for oneself 为自己; 独力地; 亲自地seat oneself 坐下speak to oneself 自言自语dress oneself 自己穿衣devote oneself to 致力于....enjoy oneself 过的快活help oneself to 随便吃、随便用teach oneself 自学make oneself at home 不受约束say to oneself 心里想2.指示代词及疑问代词1)指示代词主要有：①近指：this这个，these这些；也可指下文将要谈到的人或物。
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语法专题二：代词代词是英语中非常重要的一类词，也是高考必考考点。
《2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》附录语法项目表中对代词考查列了六项：①人称代词②物主代词③反身代词④指示代词⑤不定代词⑥疑问代词。
2015年高考全国卷Ⅰ第54题（完形填空）考查的是代词whoever、whatever、whichever与whenever的辨析；第63题（语法填空）考查的是its的用法；第78题（短文改错）考查的是不定代词much与many的辨析，第80题（短文改错）考查的是your与our的辨析。
2016年高考全国卷Ⅰ第44题（完形填空）考查的是代词each，another，this与that的辨析；第68题（语法填空）考查的是its的用法（给出代词it，根据题意须将其变为its）；第71题（短文改错）考查的是关系代词that与which的辨析；第79题（短文改错）考查的是our与his的辨析。
2017高考全国卷Ⅰ第70题考查的是关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。
III.不定代词用法注意点：1. one, some与any:1) one可以泛指任何人，也可特指，复数为ones。
some多用于肯定句，any多用于疑问句和否定句。
One should learn to think of others.Have you any bookmarks? No, I don’t have any bookmarks.I have some questions to ask.2) some可用于疑问句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答复，或者表示建议，请求等。
Would you like some bananas?Could you give me some money?3) some 和any修饰可数名词单数时，some表示某个，any表示任何一个。
I have read this article in some magazine.Please correct the mistakes, if any.4) some和数词连用表示“大约”，any可与比较级连用表示程度。
There are some 3,000 students in this school.Do you feel any better today?2. each和every:each强调个别，代表的数可以是两个或两个以上，而every强调整体，所指的数必须是三个或三个以上。
Each student has a pocket dictionary.Each (of us) has a dictionary.We each have a dictionary.Every student has strong and weak points.Every one of us has strong and weak points.3. none和no：no等于not any，作定语。
none作主语或宾语，代替不可数名词，谓语用单数，代替可数名词，谓语单复数皆可以。
There is no water in the bottle.How much water is there in the bottle? None.None of the students are (is) afraid of difficulties.4. other和another:1) other泛指“另外的，别的”常与其他词连用，如：the other day, every other week, some other reason, no other way,the other特指两者中的另外一个，复数为the others。
如：He held a book in one hand and his notes in the other.Two students in our class failed, but all the others passed the exam.2) another指“又一个，另一个”无所指，复数形式是others，泛指“别的人或事”如：I don’t like this shirt, please show me another (one).The trousers are too long, please give me another pair / some others.Some like football, while others like basketball.5. all和both, neither和eitherall表示不可数名词时，其谓语动词用单数。
both和all加否定词表示部分否定，全部否定用neither和none. All of the books are not written in English.Not all of the books are written in English.Both of us are not teachers.Not both of us are teachers.Either of us is a teacher.IV.高考英语短文改错及语法填空考点分析及训练·代词考点规律分析：短文改错对代词的考查主要涉及人称代词的前后一致性(包括指代的一致性和单复数的一致性)、人称代词的主格与宾语变化、各类代词的误加与漏用(尤其是一些易受汉语影响的结构)、某些不定代词的用法(尤其是在意思上用错)、代词在某些习语中的用法等。
语法填空主要涉及代词的单复数、人称代词主格、宾格以及所有格之间的转换，反身代词及不定代词的用法等。
代词单句改错之真题训练：1. David pointed to a path which it he thought would probably lead to a village.2.When we walked to the car, Bill smiled and shook head.3.We climb everywhere, not only in America. They have been to Europe many times.4. And I can’t forget the good food you cooked for I.5. I hope that both you two could come and visit us some time soon.6.The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.7.And they must not break the rules too often if we want to win the game.8. Now I can’t watch much television, but a few years ago…9. I’ll spen d all the whole weekend reading and preparing for it.10. I think I liked those classes because I felt that it helped me understand what the world works.11. …in any other words, I am an only child.12. For example, when he bought a chocolate cake, he pu t them in a secret place I couldn’t find.13. Then he ate it all by himself. He never helped other.14. I was learning to express me in simple English.15. One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher.16. At once I apologize and controlled me at my best till the dinner started.17. And every year more and more people start a stamp collection of your own .18. What’s more, you have to be friendly with your pupils and take good care of him.代词单句改错之模拟训练：1. Here are some letters for you and he.2. She loves swimming. It keeps she fit.3.Here are the cats Auntie brought us. Take good care of it.4. Everyone here gets up earlier than her does.5. Here is my dog. It’s name is Petty.6. He opened mouth as if to say something.7. Don’t lose y our heart. Try again.8. The Smiths have been married, but have no children of his own.9. I tell him everything, for he is a good friend of me.10. He smiled at her and laid her hand on hers.11. When you are away from home, you should look after you.12. If you have any question, put up hand.13. It’s a very important thing. You must think over carefully.14.I don’t like these; please show me some other.15. In order to catch the thief, the police did his best.16. This is the book which you bought it for me ten years ago.17. I’m very sorry about all the whole thing.18. When I got up, I found parents were preparing breakfast for me.19. Yes, money is very important, but it is not anything.20. At the airport, all his baggage was stolen, but soon he got them back.代词单句改错之提升训练：A级1. She gave the books to you, him and I.2. Whose dictionary is this? ---- It's my.3. This is Tom's cap, not your.4. I haven't brought the dictionary with me. Will you lend me your?5. Kate and her sister went on holiday with a cousin of hers.6. He is too young to look after he.7. He always helps others. This is why we trust him.8. That took him three hours to finish the homework.9. Who is that man? ---- He is a teacher.10. They were both very tired, but none of them would stop to take a rest.B级1. It is me who am going to help her.2. He thinks more of others than of oneself.3. We had better ask the president him about it.4. That is exactly all what I want to tell you.5. What she said is the same as us.6. The weather in summer in Beijing is hotter than it in Guangzhou.7. He runs faster than anyone in his class.8. I don't think that possible to master a foreign language in a short time.9. Each of them knew about the plan because it was kept a secret.10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of those hadn't been cleaned for at least a year. 代词单句语法填空之真题训练：1.On my recent visit, I held a lively three－month－old twin that had been rejected by ________(it) mother.2.No news is good news, and good news is no news.________are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers.3.For the first time, I feel good about ________ (me) because I’m doing something, not because someone told me I was doing good.4.Both men and women are living longer these days in industrialized countries.However, women, on average, live longer.In general, ________can expect to live six or seven years more than men.5.In many ways , the education system in the US is not very different from________in the UK.6.How would you like ________ if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?7.The meeting will be held in September, but ________ knows the date for sure.8.To warm himself，the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the ________.9.Niki is always full of ideas，but________is useful to my knowledge.10.The quality of education in this small school is better than ________ in some larger school.11.The research group produced two reports based on the survey, but ________ contained any useful suggestions.12.You can ask anyone for help.________ here is willing to lend you a hand.13.—When shall I call，in the morning or afternoon?—________.I'll be in all day.14.She'd lived in London and Manchester，but she liked ________ and moved to Cambridge.15.Susan made________ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.16.I'd appreciate ________ if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.学习札记：___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案及解析语法专题二：代词代词单句改错之真题训练：1.去掉 it，因它与其前的关系代词 which 语义重复)2.head 前加 his，汉语可“摇头”，而英语的习惯要说shake one’s head3.They 改为 We，前后人称不一致4.I 改为 me，因介词之后的人称代词要用宾格5.去掉 both。