so 和such 用法

such与so的区别与用法
such与so的意思都是“如此，这样”。

但两者用法根本不同，与what和how引导的感叹句相类似。

1、such后面主要是修饰名词。

即：such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.或a/an＋such＋adj.＋n.。

如果名词是不可数名词或复数名词，则不可以用不定冠词a或an。

如：
①He has such a beautiful bike. We all go to see it.
②It's a such fine day. We all want to go to fly a kite.
2、so后面只能跟形容词或副词。

即：so＋adj./adv.不过，so后面也可以跟名词，但该名词必须是单数可数名词。

用法为：so+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词。

如：
①The tiger is so big. And the cat is so small.
②She is so lovely a girl.
3、它们后面还可以与that从句连用。

即：such…that和so…that意思是“如此……以至……”。

如：
①She is such a clever girl that she can make much progress in math exam.
②His brother is so young that he can't go to school.
注：当名词前的形容词为表示数目的词时，such必须换成so。

如：
①There are so many people that we can't go past.
②I ate so much food that I didn't want to go any farther.
Smith has made so much progress that we are all surprised.
进步是不可数名词，因此用much（修饰不可数名词. many修饰可数名词。

so是副词,只能修饰形容词或副词。

只有so能与much连用。

一般来说，so many 和so much可以成为固定的词组
so...that...”句型的意思是“如此/这么……以致于……”，常引导结果状语从句，但“so...that...”是个爱“变脸”句型，你一不留意就会出错。

“so...that...”句型及其转换也是中考的热点，现将其用法总结归纳如下，让我们一起来看看它是怎样变的吧。

一、so... that...句型中的so是副词，常常用来修饰形容词或副词，常用句型为：主语+谓语+so+adj. / adv. + that从句。

例如：
1. he is so young that she can't look after herself.
2. The boy ran so fast that I couldn't catch him.
3. He was so angry that he couldn't say a word.
二、在“such... that...”句型中，such修饰名词，意思也是“如此……以致于……”但当名词前有many、much、(a) few、(a) little等词修饰时，句子中要用“so...that...”而不能用“such...that...”。

例如：
1. He has so much money that he can buy what he wanted.
2. I've had so many falls that I have pains here and there.
3. There is little water in the glass that I can't drink any more.
三、so与that也可连起来写，即变成：... so that ...(以便/ 为了……)，引导目的状语从句。

例如：
1. I got up early so that I could catch the early bus.
2. Please open the window so that we can breathe fresh air.
3. You must go now so that you won't be late.
四、以“so...that”引导的结果状语从句可以转换成不定式的简单句，即可转换为“...enough to...”或“...too...to”句型，但这种转换必须符合下列条件：
1. 当主句和从句的主语一致，且that从句是肯定句时，可用“enough to do sth.”来转换。

例如：
The man is so strong that he can lift the heavy box.→
The man is strong enough to lift the heavy box.
He was so clever that he can understand what I siad. →
He was clever enough to understand what I siad.
2. 当主句和从句的主语不一致，且that从句是肯定句时，可以用“enough for sb. to do sth.”来替换，但须注意不定式的宾语要省略。

例如：
The question is so easy that I can wo rk it out. →
The question is easy enough for me to work out.
The box is so light that he can carry it. →
The box is light enough for him to carry.
3. 当主句和从句的主语一致，且that从句是否定句时，可以用“too...to”来替换。

例如：
The girl is so young that she can't dress herself. →
The girl is too young to dress herself.
I was so tired that I couldn't go on with the work. →
I was too tired to go on with the work.
4. 当主句和从句的主语不一致，且that从句是否定时，如果要用“too...to...”替换“so...that...”，则用介词for引出动词不定式的逻辑主语，可以用“too...for sb. to do sth.”来替换，注意不定式的宾语要省略。

The bag is so heavy that she can't move it. →
The bag is too heavy for her to move.
It is so hot that we can't sleep. →。