初中英语语法大全:直接引语和间接引语

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中学英语语法直接引语和间接引语

中学英语语法直接引语和间接引语

中学英语语法直接引语和间接引语引述或转述别人的话称为“引语”。

直接引用别人的原话,两边用引号“ ”标出,叫做直接引语;用自己的语言转述别人的话,不需要引号这叫做间接引语,实际上间接引语大都是宾语从句,其中由祈使句转换的间接引语除外,其转换后是不定式。

那么直接引语为陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和祈使句,转换为间接引语时,句子的结构,人称、时态、时间状语和地点状语等都要有变化,如何变化呢?(一)人称的转变1. 直接引语中的第一人称,一般转换为第三人称,如:He said,“I am very sorry. ”He said that he was very sorry.2. 直接引语中的第二人称,如果原话是针对转述人说的,转换为第一人称,如:“You should be more careful next time, ”my father told me.My father told me that I should be more careful the next time.3. 直接引语中的第二人称,如果原话是针对第三人称说的,转换成第三人称。

如:She said to her son, “I'll check your homework tonight. ”She said to her son that she would check his homework that night.4. 人称的转换包括人称代词、物主代词和名词性物主代词等,如:He asked me, “Will you go to the station with me to meet a friend of mine this afternoon?”鯤e asked me whether I would go to the station with him to meet a friend of his that afternoon.总之,人称的转换不是固定的,具体情况,具体对待,要符合逻辑。

初中英语知识点归纳直接和间接引语

初中英语知识点归纳直接和间接引语

初中英语知识点归纳直接和间接引语初中英语知识点归纳:直接和间接引语学习英语语法是提高英语能力的重要一环。

在初中阶段,学生需要掌握并灵活运用直接和间接引语的知识。

直接引语是以原句的形式引用别人的话,而间接引语则是将别人说的话转述成自己的话。

本文将对初中英语中直接和间接引语的概念、用法以及转换规则进行归纳和总结。

一、直接引语的用法直接引语是一种直接将他人的言语原样引用出来的方式。

我们通常使用引号将直接引语括起来,并用逗号或者冒号将引语与其它部分分开。

例如:1. He said, "I like playing football."(他说:“我喜欢踢足球。

”)2. She asked, "Where are you going?"(她问:“你去哪儿?”)二、间接引语的用法间接引语是将别人说的话转述成自己的话,一般用于陈述或表达他人的意思。

在间接引语中,引号不再用于括起报告人的原话。

例如:1. He said that he liked playing football.(他说他喜欢踢足球。

)2. She asked where I was going.(她问我去哪儿。

)三、直接引语转换为间接引语的规则在将直接引语转换为间接引语时,需要注意以下几点规则:1. 时态的转换:a) 如果直接引语所述的是客观真理、普遍的规律、历史事件等,则其时态不需要改变。

b) 如果直接引语所述的是当前或将来的情况,则需将引语中的时态一律改为过去时。

例如:直接引语:He said, "The sun rises in the east."间接引语:He said that the sun rose in the east.直接引语:She said, "I will go to the party tonight."间接引语:She said that she would go to the party that night.2. 人称的转换:a) 如果直接引语所述的是第一人称(I, we)或第二人称(you),则其人称在间接引语中需要转换为第三人称(he, she, they)。

2023年中考英语语法笔记:直接引语和间接引语

2023年中考英语语法笔记:直接引语和间接引语

直接引语和间接引语一.概念理解:直接引用别人所说的话叫直接引语;用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。

二.直接引语变为间接引语的特点:①不用逗号/冒号/感叹号/引号②要考虑人称和时态变化③要考虑时间、地点状语和指示代词变化.三.变化特点a. 若主句谓语动词是现在时,直接引语变成间接引语不用调整时态。

直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时一般过去时过去完成时过去将来时不变过去进行时不变过去完成时不变将来进行时过去将来进行时将来完成时过去将来完成时注意:当直接引语表示客观真理时,变为间接引语时态不变。

b. 指示代词、时间状语和动词也要作调整。

直接引语间接引语指示代词this / these that / those时间状语nowtodaytonightthis weekyesterdaythe day before yesterdaylast weekagothree days agotomorrowthe day after tomorrownext weekso farin two daysthenthat daythat nightthat weekthe day beforetwo days beforethe week beforebeforethree days beforethe next / following daytwo days laterthe next / following weekby thenafter two days地点状语Here there方向性动词come / bring go / take情态动词can, may, must could, might, had to注意:即时转述,从句中的时间、地点不用变化;过后转述,而且时间、地点都发生了变化,间接引语中的时间和地点都要随之变化。

c. 直接引语变为间接引语的注意事项(基本规则同于宾语从句部分):1.陈述句变为间接引语时,宾语从句的引导词用that(可省略)引导。

中学英语语法 直接引语和间接引语

中学英语语法 直接引语和间接引语

中学英语语法总结(直接引语和间接引语)定义;直接引语和间接引语是为了转述他人所说的谈话而使用的。

一, 直接引语直接引语就是;直接引用别人的原话,并在原话前后加引号;间接引语就是;用自己的话转述别人的话,多数以宾语从句的形式构成,不加引号而多用连词that引导宾语从句。

直接引语变为间接引语需要有人称和物主代词的变化、时态的变化、指示代词的变化以及时间和地点状语的变化。

1人称的变化主语为第一人称时,转变为间接引语之后,人称要作相应的调整。

例如:She said:“I am tired.”她说:“我累了。

”She said that she was tired. 她说她累了。

The headmaster said to us:“You must study hard now.”校长说:“你们现在一定要努力学习。

”The headmaster told us that we had to study hard then.校长告诉我们,我们那时必须努力学习。

2 时态的变化直接引语变为间接引语时,间接引语的时态要与主句的时态一致。

其规律一般是:直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时不变将来进行时过去将来进行时将来完成时过去将来完成时She said:“I am your mother's friend.”她说:“我是你妈妈的朋友。

”→She said that she was my mother's friend.她说她是我妈妈的朋友。

(一般现在时变为一般过去时)Susan said to her mother:“I am reading this book.”苏姗对她妈妈说:“我正在看这本书。

”→Susan told her mother that she was reading that book.苏姗告诉她母亲她正在看那本书。

(完整版)英语语法----直接引语和间接引语

(完整版)英语语法----直接引语和间接引语

英语语法----直接引语和间接引语一、 定义:1、 直接引语:使用引号引出别人的原话。

2、间接引语:用自己的话把别人的话转述出来。

二、 直接引语和间接引语的转换直接引语变间接引语时,要注意人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语和地点状语的变化。

1、 人称变化口诀如下:一随主,二随宾,第三人称不更新。

“一随主”即把直接引语中的第一人称(如:I ,me ,my ,mine ,we ,us ,our ,ours)变为与主句的主语相一致的人称。

“二随宾”即把直接引语中的第二人称(you ,your ,yours)变为和主句的间接宾语(即听话人,如无听话人,可根据上下文的体会人为确定一个人称)相一致的人称。

“第三人称不更新”即直接引语中的第三人称(he ,him ,his ,she ,her ,hers,it ,its,they,their ,theirs ,them)变为间接引语时,人称不变。

一随主:He said , “I like it very much.” 他说:“我非常喜欢它”。

→liked it very much. 他说他非常喜欢它。

(I 改为he, it 不变)二随宾:He said, “You told me this story.”他说:“你给我讲过这个故事。

”→He said that I had told him that story.他说我给他讲过那个故事。

(本句中宾语是me ,所以You 改为I , me 改为him, told 改为had told)She said to Mary ,”How do you ?”go to work everyday?” →She asked Mary how she went to work everyday. 第三人称不更新:He said to me, “She’s left her book in your room ”.他对我说:“她把书放在你的房间里去了。

初中英语-直接引语和间接引语

初中英语-直接引语和间接引语

初中英语-直接引语和间接引语本文将介绍初中英语课程中的语法知识点——直接引语和间接引语。

本文将从基本概念、语法形式、使用方法、注意事项等方面详细介绍该知识点。

一、基本概念直接引语和间接引语是英语中常见的语法现象。

它们分别指的是述语动词的宾语部分是直接引用别人的话语(直接引语)或间接引用别人的话语(间接引语)。

例如,直接引语可以是:“He is a good boy,” said Mary.在这个例子中,“He is a good boy”是Mary的话,直接引语就是这句话。

而间接引语可以是:Mary said (that) he was a good boy.在这个例子中,“he was a good boy”是Mary的原话,但是没有直接引用,而是通过间接引用的方式呈现出来。

二、语法形式1. 直接引语直接引语的语法形式为:引言词(said, told, shouted等)+引语(用引号括起来)+标点符号。

例如:“Can I have a glass of water?” asked John.“I love you,” said the little girl.2. 间接引语间接引语的语法形式为:引言词(said, told, shouted等)+that从句(即原话的内容)。

例如:John asked if he could have a glass of water.The little girl said that she loved me.需要注意的是,当引言词是ask, inquire, wonder等疑问词时,that从句可省略。

例如:John asked whether he could have a glass of water.三、使用方法1. 直接引语直接引语一般用在引言人讲话的情境下,以体现讲话人的语气和情感。

例如:“Get out of here!” yelled the teacher.“Congratulations on your graduation,” said the principal.2. 间接引语间接引语一般用在转述别人的话语,或者是将别人讲话的内容作为证据等场合。

初中英语知识点归纳直接引语和间接引语

初中英语知识点归纳直接引语和间接引语

初中英语知识点归纳直接引语和间接引语直接引语(Direct Speech)和间接引语(Indirect Speech)是英语语法中重要的知识点。

在日常交流和书面表达中,人们经常使用直接引语和间接引语来引述他人的话语内容。

本文将对直接引语和间接引语进行归纳总结,帮助读者更好地理解和运用这两种引语形式。

一. 直接引语(Direct Speech)直接引语是将别人的原话直接引述出来的表达方式。

它通常使用引号将原话包裹起来,并在引号前后使用逗号或句号作为标点符号。

直接引语的语气直接、生动,可以准确地传递原始信息。

1. 表达方式:Tom said, "I like chocolate."2. 特点:- 使用引号标注原话;- 使用逗号或句号标点;- 保留原话的时态、人称和语气。

3. 例句:a) She asked, "What time is it?"b) He shouted, "Stop!"二. 间接引语(Indirect Speech)间接引语是将别人的话转述成自己的话的表达方式,同时改变动词的时态、人称以及其他相关的语言表达手法。

与直接引语相比,间接引语更加客观,不再保留原始语气和说话者的个人情感。

1. 表达方式:Tom said that he liked chocolate.2. 特点:- 去除引号,没有标点符号的限制;- 改变动词的时态、人称和语气;- 可能需要改变疑问句的语序。

3. 例句:a) She asked what time it was.b) He shouted to stop.三. 直接引语转换为间接引语的规则1. 时态转换:- 一般现在时变为一般过去时;- 现在进行时变为过去进行时;- 一般过去时变为过去完成时;- 现在完成时变为过去完成时;- 将来时变为将来过去时。

2. 人称变化:- 第一人称变为第三人称;- 第二人称不变化;- 第三人称根据实际情况变化。

初中英语语法大全:直接引语和间接引语

初中英语语法大全:直接引语和间接引语

初中英语语法大全:直接引语和间接引语语法要点:直接引语和间接引语属于宾语从句范畴。

直接引述别人的原话,叫直接引语;用自己的话转述别人的话,或引用自己说过的话,叫间接引语。

由于时间、地点以及人物都有可能起变化,所以间接引语中的时态、人称、语序、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。

①间接引语语序改为陈述句语序陈述句用that 引导,口语中常省略She said,例:“I am going to the cinema. ”→ She said she w as going to the cinema.②一般疑问句用if/whether连接,例:“Have you ever travelled by plane?” she asked me.→ She asked me if / whether I had travelled by plane.③反意疑问句用if/whether连接,例:He asked,“You are a doctor,aren’t you?”→ He asked i f / whether I was a doctor.④特殊疑问句由原疑问词连接,例:He asked, “Who will come to help us?”→ He asked who would come to help them.She said, “Where have you been,Simon?”→ She asked Simon where he had been.⑤选择疑问句由whether…or 引导,例:Eddie said, “Is this a TV set or a computer?”→ Eddie asked whether that was a TV set or a computer.⑥祈使句用“tell /ask /order someone to do something” 结构,将动词原形变为动词不定式,例:“Put up your hands,” said the teacher.→ The teacher told them to put up their hands.“Don’t play football on the street,” the policeman said.→ The policeman ordered us not to play football on the street.如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时,直接引语变间接引语时,从句的谓语动词在时态上要作相应变化:直接引语间接引语一般现在时→ 一般过去时现在进行时→ 过去进行时现在完成时→ 过去完成时一般过去时→ 过去完成时过去完成时→ 过去完成时一般将来时→ 过去将来时①指示代词this →thatthese → those②时间状语now → thentoday → that daytonight → that nightthis morning → that morningtomorrow → the next daynext week → the next weekyesterd ay → the day beforelast week → the week beforethree days ago → three days before③地点状语here → there④动词come → go特别提示:以上变化要根据说话的实际情况来定,不要机械地照搬。

中学英语语法“直接引语间接引语”

中学英语语法“直接引语间接引语”

中学英语语法“直接引语间接引语”1.直接引语是祈使句时间接引语为不定式,作ask , tell, beg, order, warn, advise等动词的宾语补足语(don't 变为not ).The teacher said to the boy, "Open the window." →The teacher told the boy to open the window.His father said to him , "Don't leave the door open." →His fat her told him not to leave the door open.[注意](1)有些表示建议、提议、劝告或要求的祈使句,可以用suggest ,insist等动词加以转述。

例如:He said, "Let's go to the theatre."→He suggested (our )going to the theatre.或He suggested that we(should) go to the theatre.(2) "Would you mind opening the window?" he asked.→He asked me to open the window."Why don't you take a walk after supper?" he asked .→he advised me to take a walk after supper."Shall we listen to the music?" he asked.→He suggested listening to the music.2.直接引语是感叹句时间接引语为what 或how 引导,也可以用that 引导。

初中英语引语学习:直接引语和间接引语

初中英语引语学习:直接引语和间接引语

初中英语引语学习:直接引语和间接引语店铺:直接引语和间接引语最主要在引用对象上有所不同,下面我们一起看看这篇《直接引语和间接引语》。

1.直接引语当我们直接引用别人的原话时,叫直接引语,通常用双引号“…”括起来。

例如:He said, “I like to speak French.”他说,“我喜欢说法语。

”2.间接引语当我们用自己的口吻和角度转述他人的话时,叫间接引语。

He said that he liked to speak French.他说他喜欢说法语。

由于是转述,人称、时间、地点等都要变了,所以将直接引语变成间接引语时,有7种情况需要改变:1)人称变化(从转述者的角度看)I,you (你)→he, shemy,your→his, their2)时态变化(把时间往过去相应地退一步)现在一般时→过去一般时现在进行时→过去进行时3)时间的变化now→thentoday→thatday4)地点的变化here→therethis place→that place5)疑问句变成(陈述句)宾语从句She asked, “Do you remember me?”→She asked whether her remembered her.6)祈使句变成不定式或者宾语从句Jack said, “Sit down here.”→Jack asked him to sit down there.7)感叹句转换时的变化He said, “How beautiful this place is!”→He said that place was so beautiful.本文载自微信公众号“英语语法学习”。

本文已获转载授权,版权归作者所有,如需转载,请联系原微信公众号“英语语法学习”。

公众号:英语语法学习。

初中英语知识点归纳直接和间接引语梳理

初中英语知识点归纳直接和间接引语梳理

初中英语知识点归纳直接和间接引语梳理初中英语知识点归纳:直接和间接引语梳理英语学习中,直接和间接引语是一项重要的语法知识点。

它们在语言表达中的应用广泛,掌握了这些知识,可以帮助我们准确地传递他人的言论或信息。

下面将对初中英语中的直接和间接引语进行归纳梳理。

一、直接引语直接引语是指直接引述他人的原话或者陈述句。

在句子中,直接引语一般放在引号内,注意引号的使用。

下面是一些示例:1. He said, "I have finished my homework."他说:“我已经完成了作业。

”2. She asked, "What time does the movie start?"她问道:“电影什么时候开始?”在直接引语中,常常会出现一些特殊状语,如时间、地点、方式等,需要根据具体情况进行调整。

二、间接引语间接引语是通过转述别人的话来传递信息,不使用引号,同时需要对原话进行适当的调整。

下面是一些示例:1. He said that he had finished his homework.他说他已经完成了作业。

2. She asked what time the movie started.她问什么时间电影开始。

在间接引语中,需要注意转述动词的变化以及时态的调整。

三、直接引语与间接引语的转换在实际应用中,我们常常需要将直接引语转化为间接引语,或者将间接引语转化为直接引语。

这时,需要注意以下几点:1. 转述动词的变化:根据具体情况,选择合适的转述动词。

例如:say, ask, tell等。

2. 人称代词和指示代词的变化:根据具体情况进行替换,保持人称和指示代词的一致性。

3. 时态和时间状语的变化:根据具体情况调整时态和时间状语。

下面是一些转换的示例:1. 直接引语转间接引语:直接引语:He said, "I enjoy playing basketball."转换后的间接引语:He said that he enjoyed playing basketball.2. 间接引语转直接引语:间接引语:She told me that she didn't like the movie.转换后的直接引语:She said, "I don't like the movie."四、其他注意事项除了正常的直接和间接引语转换外,还需要注意以下几点:1. 命令和请求的转换:直接引语:The teacher said, "Please close the door."转换后的间接引语:The teacher asked us to close the door.2. 疑问句的转换:直接引语:He asked, "Are you happy?"转换后的间接引语:He asked if I was happy.3. 特殊情况下的调整:根据具体情况,可能需要对转换后的句子进行调整,以保持句子的语法正确性和连贯性。

英语语法直接引语和间接引语

英语语法直接引语和间接引语

英语语法直接引语和间接引语集团标准化工作小组 [Q8QX9QT-X8QQB8Q8-NQ8QJ8-M8QMN]英语语法----直接引语和间接引语一、定义:1、直接引语:使用引号引出别人的原话。

2、间接引语:用自己的话把别人的话转述出来。

二、直接引语和间接引语的转换直接引语变间接引语时,要注意人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语和地点状语的变化。

1、人称变化口诀如下:一随主,二随宾,第三人称不更新。

“一随主”即把直接引语中的第一人称(如:I,me,my,mine,we,us,our,ours)变为与主句的主语相一致的人称。

“二随宾”即把直接引语中的第二人称(you,your,yours)变为和主句的间接宾语(即听话人,如无听话人,可根据上下文的体会人为确定一个人称)相一致的人称。

“第三人称不更新”即直接引语中的第三人称(he,him,his,she,her,hers,it,its,they,their,theirs,them)变为间接引语时,人称不变。

一随主:He said , “I like it very much.”他说:“我非常喜欢它”。

→He said that he liked it very much. 他说他非常喜欢它。

(I改为he, it不变)与主语一致二随宾:He?said,?“You?told?me?this?story.”他说:“你给我讲过这个故事。

”??→He?said?that?I?had?told?him?that?story.他说我给他讲过那个故事。

(本句中宾语是me,所以You改为I,?me改为him,?told改为had?told)?She said to Mary ,”How do you ?”go to work everyday?”→She asked Mary how she went to work everyday.与宾语一致第三人称不更新:He said to me, “She’s left her book in your room”.他对我说:“她把书放在你的房间里去了。

英语直接引语和间接引语

英语直接引语和间接引语

直接引语和间接引语(Direct Speech and indirectSpeech) 1之迟辟智美创作直接引语:直接引述他人的原话,叫直接引语.间接引语:用自己的话转述他人的话,叫间接引语.间接引语在大都情况下构成宾语从句.直接引语一般前后要加引号,间接引语不用引号.例如:Mr Black said, “I'm busy” 布莱克先生说:“我很忙”(直接引语)Mr Black said that he was busy. 布莱克先生说他很忙.(间接引语)1、直接引语如果是陈说句,酿成间接引语时,用连词that 引导(that在口语中常省略),从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地址状语等要作相应变动.在这一方面,汉语和英语有许多相似之处,因此,在做直接引语和间接引语转换练习时,要特别注意句子的意义.1)人称的变动a) He said, “I like it very much.”他说:“我非常喜欢它.”He said that he liked it very much.他说他非常喜欢它.b) He saidto me, “I've left my book in your room.” 他对我说:“我把书放在你的房间里了.”He told me that he had left his book in my room.他告诉我他把书放在我的房间里了.2)时态的变动如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时,直接引语变间接引语时,从句的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变动.如主句的谓语动词是现在时,从句的时态则无需变动.时态的变动例句直接引语间接引语一般现在时→一般过去时He said, “I'm afraid I can't finish this work.”He said that he was afraid he couldn't finish that work.现在进行时→过去进行时He said, “I'm using theknife.”He said that he was using the knife.现在完成时→过去完成时She said, “I have not heard from him since May.”She said that she had not heard from him since May.一般过去时→过去完成He said, “I came to help you.”He said that he had come to help me.过去完成时不变He said, “I had finished my homework before supper.”He said that he had finished his homework before supper.3)指示代词、时间状语、地址状语和动词的变动:变动例句直接引语间接引语this-that这个-那个She said, “Iwill come this morning."She said that she would go that morning.these-those这些=那些He said, "These books are mine."He said that those books were his.now-then现在-那时He said, "It is nine 0'clock now."He said that it was nine 0'clock then.today-that day今天-那天He said, "I haven't seen her today."He said that he hadn't seen her that day. yesterday-the day before昨天-前一天she said, "I went there yesterday."She said that she had gone there the day before. tomorrow-the next(following) day明天-第二天she said, "I'll go there tomorrow."She said that she would go there the next (following) day.here-there这里-那里come-go来-去注:(1)直接引语如果是客观真理,酿成间接引语时,时态不变.如:He said, "Light travels much faster than sound."He said that light travels much faster than sound.(2)如果在本地转述,here 不用改为there,动词come 不用改为go. 如果在当天转述yesterday, tomorrow 等时间状语也不用改变.直接引语变间接引语.见下表.分类连接词例句注意事项弥补说明当直接引语为“陈说句”时连接词:that(口语中经常省略)He says, “ I will go to the park tomorrow.”--He says (that) he will go to the park tomorrow.He said, “ I will go to the park tomorrow.”--He said (that) he would go to the park tomorrow.He said to me, “ you can help her.”--He said to me (that) I could help her.. 1. 连接词:that2. 人称:1主,2宾,3不变3. 时态. 1. 黑体部份是连接词.斜体部份为间接引语部份.2. 间接引语部份均为陈说语序.3. 间接引语部份实际上是宾语从句,连接词之间的叫主句.4. 当主句是一般现在时态,间接引语部份与直接引语的时态相同.5. 当主句是一般过去时态,间接引语部份酿成相应的过去时态.当直接引语是“一般疑问句”时.连接词:if或者whether.可译为:是否He asked me, “Are you good at math?’---He asked me if I was good at math.He asked Amy, “ Do you love me?”---He asked Amy whether she loved him.He a sks me, “Is she reading?”---He asks me if she is reading. 1. 连接词:if , whether2. 语序:改为“陈说语序”.(去失落:Do, Does, Did改变Are, Is, Will, Can…位置)3. 人称:1主,2宾,3不变4. 时态.当直接引语为“特殊疑问句”时.连接词:直接引语中的特殊疑问词. He asked his wife, “How are you?”---He asked his wife how she was.He asked me , “ What color do you like?”---He asked me what color I liked.He asks me, “ where will she go 3 days later.”---He asks me where she will go 3 days later. 1. 连接词:特殊疑问词2. 语序:改为“陈说语序”.(去失落:Do, Does, Did改变Are, Is, Will, Can…位置)3. 人称:1主,2宾,3不变4. 时态.当直接引语为“祈使句”时没有连接词.用: ask(tell) sb. to do sth改写.或tell (ask) sb. not to do sth. 改写 He said to Amy, “Be careful!”--He asked Amy to be careful.He shouted, “ Lily, Close the door.”--He told Lily to close the door.He said to me, “Don’t be late.”--He asked me not to be late. 1. 不用连接词2. 不改变时态.3. 无须考虑语序4. 人称:1主,2宾,3不变 1. 斜体部份为间接引语部份.2.间接引语部份是动词不定式,在句中作宾语补足语.重点概括:直接引语变间接引语有着时态,人称,时间状语,地址状语的变动.1.时态变动:直接引语:一般现在时间接引语:一般过去时直接引语:现在进行时间接引语:过去进行时直接引语:一般将来时间接引语:过去将来时直接引语:现在完成时间接引语:过去完成时直接引语:一般过去时间接引语:过去完成时2.人称变动:She asked Jack,"Where have you been?"She asked Jack where he had been.3.指示代词的变动:thisthat;thesethoseHe said," These books are mine."He said that those books were his.4.时间状语的变动:nowthen;todaythat day;yesterdaythe day before;tomorrowthe next day/the following dayMy father said,“I worked here twenty years ago."My father said that he had worked there twenty years before. 5.地址状语的变动:herethereHe asked me,“How can I get here?"He asked me how he could get there.直接引语变间接引语的句式变动:1.陈说句:间接引语用that连接或that连接词省略.2.一般疑问句:间接引语用if或whether, said改为asked,句子用陈说语序.3.特殊疑问句:间接引语用原来的特殊疑问词引导,句子用陈说句语序.4.语法知识归纳直接引语的祈使句变间接引语的方法:要将祈使句动词原形酿成带“to”的不定式,而且在不定式的前面根据意思加上tell,ask,order等词,如果是否定式,不定式前面加"not"."Open the window," the teacher said to the boy.The teacher told the boy to open the window."Tell him to come in," the boss said to the secretary.The boss told the secretary to tell him to come in."Don't leave the door open," he said.He told us not to leave the door open.。

英语语法之直接引语和间接引语

英语语法之直接引语和间接引语

英语语法之直接引语和间接引语直接引语和间接引语一.直接引语和间接引语概述1. 我们把引述别人的话语可归纳为两种方式,一种时直接引述别人的话语,并置于引号之内的称为直接引语,另一种是用自己的语言转述别人的话语,称为间接引语,间接一般构成宾语从句。

The girl said, “I like English very much.” 那个女孩说:“我非常喜欢英语。

”(直接引语)The girl said that she liked English very much. 那个女孩说她非常喜欢英语。

(间接引语)2. 一般在直接引语或间接引语当中都有一个引述动词,如tell, ask, say 等。

这些引述动词和它们的主语所放位置比较灵活,可以放在直接引语之前、之后或其中。

主语如果是名词时,可以倒装。

“主语+引述动词”放在间接引语当中就相当于宾语从句的主语部分。

He told me, “I am going to Changchun tomorrow.” 他告诉我:“明天我打算去长春。

”“Where are you from?” asked Linda. “你来自哪里?”琳达问。

二.直接引语变间接引语的变化形式1. 人称代词和指示代词的变化指示代词this 和these通常变为that和those 。

人称代词也要根据情况做适当调整。

从句中的第一人称多变为第三人称,第二人称根据情况改为第一人称或第三人称,第三人称不变。

例如:He said, “I came to help you.” 他说:“我是来帮助你的。

”→He sai d that he had come to help me. 他说他是来帮助我的。

2. 时态的变化(1)引述动词如果用一般现在时或一般将来时,间接引语的时态不变。

(2)引述动词如果用一般过去时,间接引语的时态要变成相应的过去时态的一种。

具体变化如下:一般现在时→一般过去时一般过去时→过去完成时现在进行时→过去进行时现在完成时→过去完成时一般将来时→过去将来时【注意】(1)含有情态动词的直接引语变成间接引语是,情态动词也要相应地变成过去时态。

中考英语语法复习:直接引语和间接引语

中考英语语法复习:直接引语和间接引语

• I asked, “Will you take bus or take train?”
• I asked him whether he would take bus or take train. • “Is he all right?”They cried out. • They cried out whether he was all right.
The teacher told us not to talk any more.
1)人称的变化 一随主,二随宾,三不变
口诀 说明
引号内的第一人 称变间引后与主 句主语的人称保 持一致 引号内的第二人 称变间引后与主 句宾语的人称保 持一致
直接引语
间接引语
一 随 主
二 随 宾 三 不 变
She said,“ I like She said that she liked tennis Tennis.” He said to Lily, He told Lily that “ you must get she must get up up early” early
特殊疑问句
原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词,主 句的谓语动词用ask(sb. )来表达,语序 改为陈述句语序
• He said to me,“What's your name?” • He asked me what my name was. • He asked us, “How many car factories have been built in your country?” • He asked us how many car factories had been built in our country.

初三英语语法(直接引语和间接引语)

初三英语语法(直接引语和间接引语)

初三英语语法直接引语边间接引语(一)、概念:直接引语是直接引用别人的原话, She said, “ I like singing.”间接引语是用自己的话转述出来,She said (that) she liked singing. (二)、直接引语改为间接引语的步骤、方法及注意问题1. 引导词:1)直接引语是陈述句用that(可省);2)一般疑问句用if或whether;3)特殊疑问句用疑问词注意:祈使句改为间接引语用ask/tell sb. (not)to do sth.2. 语序要用陈述句语序主语+谓语+-------3. 从句中的时态要作相应变化。

1). 如果主句时态是一般现在时态,直接引语原来是什么时态就用什么时态2). 如果主句时态是一般过去时态,间接引语(即宾语从句)要用相对应的过去时态。

4.指示代词:this –that, these ---those 时间状语: today---that day, tonight---that night,now---then, yesterday---the day before, last week---the week before, tomorrow---the next day,next week---the next week. 地点状语:here---there练习一:( )1. I didn’t know _____ they could pass the exam or not.A .that B. what C. which D. whether.( )2. The teacher asked me ________ I hadn’t done my homework.A. how B what C why D if( )3. Nobody knows ____ he was after he graduated from Beijing University.A. what B who C where D how.( )4. Do you want to know ______ in the future?A. What you will look likeB. what will you look like.C. how do you look likeD. how you look like.( )5. Mike ,go and see who _______ football on the playground.A. is playingB. plays C played D were playing.( )6. --Could you tell me __tomorrow morning ?---Well ,it will start at 9:00 o’clock.A. when the meeting will startB. where will the meeting startsC. where the meeting startsD. When the meeting would start. ( )7. We didn’t know when she ___.A .will come B. comes C. came D. come ( )8.When do you think _____ visit her uncle.?A. She was going to B she will go to C. will she go D will she go to. ( )9. The teacher told us the earth ________ round the sun.A. goB. goesC. wentD. would go( )10. We are not sure if it____ tomorrow. If it ____, our sports meeting will be put off.A. will rain, rainsB. rains, will rainC. will rain, rainD. rains, rain ( )11. ---What did her father ask? ---He asked _____yesterday.A. where did she goB. when she goes to schoolC. how does she go to schoolD. if she went to school( )12. There is a new dictionary on the desk. I wonder______.A. whose dictionary is itB. it is whose dictionaryC. whose dictionary it isD. is it whose dictionary( )13.Do you know_______?A. what day is it todayB. how is the weather tomorrowC. who are theyD. where he is( )14. Can you tell me_____ on the Internet?A. how can I use QQB. where can use QQC. how I can use QQD. whether can I use QQ练习二:1. “I never eat meat.” he said. He said that _________ never _________ meat.2. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”The teacher said that the sun _____ in the east and _____ down in the west. 3. “Do you know where she lives?” he asked.He asked ________ ________ knew where she ________.4. “Stop making so much noise, children.” he said.He ______ the children ______ ______ making so much noise.5.“Don’t tell him the news.” she said.She told me _______ ______ ______ him the news.6.“Where have you been these days?” he asked.He asked me _______ _______ _______been _______ days.7. “I never eat meat.” he said. He said that ______ never _______ meat8. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”The teacher said that the sun ______ in the east and ______ down in the west.9. “Do you know where she lives?” he asked. He asked __ __knew where she __.10. “Stop making so much noise, children.” he said.He ______ the children ______ ______ making so much noise.。

英语直接引语和间接引语

英语直接引语和间接引语

英语直接引语和间接引语1. 直接引语定义:直接引用原话,把它放在引号内,不需要改变句子结构中的时态或代词。

如下:They said, “We watched a movie last night.”他们说,“我们昨晚看了一部电影。

”2. 间接引语定义:用自己的话加以转述,被转述的内容不放在引号内。

间接引语大都是宾语从句,当直接引语为陈述句或者疑问句被转换成间接引语时,句子的结构,人称,时态,时间状语和地点状语等都要发生改变。

如下:Tom said, “I am so hungry.” (direct speech)汤姆说:“我太饿了。

”(直接引语)Tom said that he was so hungry. (indirect speech)汤姆说他太饿了。

(间接引语)在间接引语中我们可以发现人称I变成了he,动词am变成了was。

那么我们就来具体看看由直接引语变为间接引语时,我们的人称和时态如何变化:如何变人称:有一句顺口溜“一随主;二随宾;第三人称不更新”。

“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语是第一人称,从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化,如:She said, "My brother wants to go with me. "→She said her brother wanted to go with her.“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时,若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。

从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。

如:He said to Kate, "How is your sister now?"→He asked Kate how her sister was then。

“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。

如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称,从句中的人称一般不需要变化。

如:Mr. Smith said, "Jack is a good worker。

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初中英语语法大全:直接引语和间接引语
1定义:直接引语和间接引语:在陈述句中,直接引用说话人原来的语句,称为直接引语。

在书写时,直接引语用引号。

用自己的词语来转述表达原来说话人说的内容,称为间接引语。

2、直接引语改变为间接引语:
直接引语如果是陈述句,变为间接引语时应注意以下各点:
①不用引号,而用连接词that,但有时可省略。

②人称作相应变化;
如:She said, “I went to see Mr. Liu yesterday.”她说:“我昨天去看过刘老师了。


She said that she had gone to see Mr. Liu the day before. 她说那天她去看过刘老师了。

③时态的变化列表如下:
但是,要注意下面的情况:直接引语说的是科学真理、格言时,无论主句用何时态,间接引语仍用一般时。

如:
The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.”老师说:“太阳在东方升起,在西边落下。


The teacher said that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
3、直接引语变为间接引语时,指示代词以及表示时间和地点的词或词组应作相应变化
记忆方法:
直接引语祈使句,变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是:去掉引号要加to;ask order 须记住,直接引语是否定式,not加在to前部。

对于人称变化,要求学生们记住的“顺口溜”是:第一人称看主语,第二人称看宾语,宾语若是不存在,活用代词I, me, my
直接引语是特殊疑问句,变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是:直接去引号,陈述莫忘掉,小心助动词,丢它最重要。

直接引语为一般疑问句,变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是:去掉引号加if,陈述语序要记住,时态人称和状语,小心变化别马虎。

直接引语为陈述句,变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是:去掉引号加that。

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