英语翻译作业
全国大学英语四级听力2：作业翻译
W: Good evening, and welcome to this week’s Business World, the program for and about business people. Tonight, we have Mr. Steven Kayne, who has just taken over and established bicycle shop. Tell us, Mr. Kayne, what made you want to run your own store? W:晚上好，欢迎到本周的商业世界，这个节目旨在面向和讲述商务人士。
今晚，我们请来史提芬·凯恩，他刚接手并成立了一家自行车商店。
凯恩先生，是什么让你想开自己的商店？M: Well, I always loved racing bikes and fixing them. When I was working full-time as a salesman for a big company, I seldom had time to enjoy my hobby. I knew then that as soon as I had enough money to get my own business going, I’ll do it. I had my heart set on it and I didn’t let anything stand in my way. When I went down to the bank and got a business loan, I knew I’d love being my own boss. Now my time is my own. I open the store when I want and leave when I want.M: 我总是很喜欢自行车赛和修车。
大学英语翻译批评与赏析作业
翻译批评与赏析XXX1. I will teach him to deceive others.我会让他知道，骗人是要受罚的。
2. This thesis leaves much to be desired.这篇论文还有许多可以改进之处。
3. A measure of calm gave signs of returning after the flood subsided.洪水退去后的平静提供了可以返回的迹象。
4. We can not ignore our neighbors, only at our peril can we ignore their distress.我们不能不顾及我们的邻邦；只有在我们自身难保的时候才顾不了它们的安危。
5. It’s a gloomy thing, however, to talk about one’s own past, with the day breaking. Turn me in some other direction before I go.无论如何，在天亮之前谈论一个人的过去，是一件扫兴的事，在我走之前换个话题聊聊吧。
6. The German invaders slaughtered the innocent civilians of the city to a man. Such atrocities were blamed throughout the world.这个城市中无辜的平名百姓被德国侵略者屠戮得所剩无几，这样的暴行受到了全世界人民的指责。
7. In the doorway lay at least twelve umbrellas of all sizes and colors.门口至少放着至少十二把大小不一，五颜六色的雨伞。
8.The study had three windows, set with little, old-fashioned panes of glass, each witha crack across it.书房有三个窗户，每个窗户上都嵌着带有裂纹的老式的小块玻璃。
15篇英语作业五年级带翻译
15篇英语作业五年级带翻译1.Beijing---Capital of ChinaBeijing is the capital of China.It's a large modern city with a long history.Beijing is also a city of tourism.Do you like Beijing?翻译：北京是中国的首都。
它是一个历史悠久的现代化城市。
北京也是一个旅游胜地。
你喜欢北京么？2.I like the Chinese new year better than any other festival. This is a time especially for rest and joy. I need not study. I wear good clothes and eat good food. I have a good time from morning till night. I am as happy as a king.我喜欢中国新年比喜欢其它任何节日更甚。
这是一个专为休息和欢乐的时间。
我不需要读书。
我穿好衣服，吃好东西。
我每天从早到晚日子过得轻松愉快。
我和上帝一样快乐。
3.No sooner had the winter vacation begun than I returned to my native town. Of course I must make good use of it;.In the morning I reviewed my lessons and read newspapers or magazines. In the afternoon I played ball games with my friends or went fishing in the river. At night I watched television with my family. hardly had the clock on the wall struck ten when I went to bed.寒假刚一开始，我就回故乡了。
矿大研究生英语翻译理论与实践课外作业(3)
I. Translate the following sentences into Chinese and pay attention to the translation of the blackened parts (if any).1.He made sincere apologies to each of the teachers.译文：他向每个老师致以诚挚的歉意。
2.“Impossible” is a word to be found only in the dictionary of fools.译文：只有在傻子的字典里才有“不可能”这个词。
3.We have no more right to consume happiness without producing it than to consume wealth without producingit.译文：我们不创造幸福就无权享受幸福，就像不创造财富就无权享用财富一样。
4.Children begin by loving their parents. After a time they judge them. Rarely, if ever, do they forgive them.译文：孩子们都是开始时爱父母，后来开始评价父母，但几乎不会原谅父母。
ter, Churchill told me that such hesitations were really rare.译文：后来，丘吉尔告诉我，这种犹豫确实是很少见的。
6.Then I thanked my host and walked down the broad lawn, back to the meadow and the sparkling brook,where I lay on the grass and fell into a sweet sleep.译文：接着我向主人道了谢径直走向宽阔的草坪，回到了水波闪闪的小溪边，我躺在溪边的草地上进入了甜美的梦乡。
英语汉译英作业汇总
Unit 11、然而，许多人认为现代文明的发展不仅取决于科学技术，而且也取决于教育的社会化。
（5~6）Many people believe, however, that the development of modern civilization depends not only on science and technology, but also on educational/education socialization.2、人类应努力提高自身的研究能力，无论是理论研究还是应用研究能力。
（24~16）Man should make efforts to improve his own research ability, whether pure or applied research. 3、无论别人说什么，他都怀疑，因此受到大家的冷落。
（34~35）He is skeptical of/about whatever others say and therefore is left out in the cold.4、此外，我们对实验结果依然表示怀疑，因为我知道总有一些难以预料的因素，干扰了公正客观研究（39~42）Furthermore, I am dubious/doubtful/skeptical of/about the experiment result, since I know that a number of unexpected factors tend to disturb impartial and objective investigation/research.Unit31、毫无疑问，诸如所谓“来生”实际上是不存在的。
（来生：After-life,参见课文line1-2）There is no doubt that no such thing as the so-called …after-life‟ really exists.2、我们要尽可能多的说服那些似乎犹豫不决的人改变态度。
英语作业翻译
1. Excuse me. Where's the nearest police station?打扰一下/劳驾，离这儿最近的派出所在哪里？2.Can you answer a question which I want to ask and which is puzzling me？我有个问题弄不懂，想请教你，你能回答吗？3. Crops grow well in the south.庄稼在南方生长得很好。
4. I was having a nap when suddenly the telephone rang.我在睡觉时，电话铃突然响了。
5. Don’t you see it was just for fun ? Y ou got it all wrong.你没看出那不过是开开玩笑吗？你完全误解了。
6. If you don’t mind, please pass me the salt.如果方便的话，请把盐递给我。
7. If you decided to learn a new language, you would have to dedicate yourself wholeheartedly to the cause.如果你决定学一门新的语言，你必须全身心地投入。
8. In an age of plenty, we feel spiritual hunger.在这个物质财富充裕的时代，我们感到精神上的饥渴。
9. The more passions we have, the more happiness we are likely toexperience.我们的激情越多，我们有可能体验的快乐就越多。
10. Tom’s father has taught English here since he graduated fromPeking University.汤姆的父亲从北京大学毕业后就一直在这里教英语。
英语翻译作业
第二单元翻译：1、A MOOC (massive open online course) is an online course aimed at unlimited participation and open access via the web. MOOCs are a recent development in distance education and have now become a surging trend in higher education. These classes are aimed at expanding a university's reach from thousands of tuition-paying students who live in town, to millions of students around the world. In addition to traditional course materials, MOOCs provide interactive user forums to support interactions between students and professors. MOOCs can encourage communication among participants who bring a variety of viewpoints, knowledge, and skills to the course; inspire people to "try on" subjects that they wouldn't otherwise pursue or even try on education itself; provide multiple ways to engage with course material, encouraging multimodal (多模式的) learning that can address the needs of learners with a variety of learning styles; and inspire better teaching and use of technologies for face-to-face courses.慕课是一种网络课程，它旨在通过网络实现广泛参与和开放接入。
英语翻译作业
英语翻译作业第一篇：英语翻译作业精品欣赏进取的幸福【中文】正是因为不停地追求进取，我们才感到生活幸福。
一件事完成后，另一件随之而来，如此连绵不绝，永无止境。
对于往前看的人来说，眼前总有一番新天地。
虽然我们蜗居于这颗小行星上，整日忙于锁事且生命短暂，但我们生来就有不尽的希望，如天上繁星，遥不可及。
只要生命犹在，希望便会不止。
真正的幸福在于怎样开始，而不是如何结束，在于我们的希翼，而并非拥有。
【英文】We live in an ascending scale when we live happily, one thing leading to another in an endless series.There is always a new horizon for onward-looking men, and although we dwell on a small planet, immersed in petty business and not enduring beyond a brief period of years, we are so constituted that our hopes are inaccessible, like stars, and the term of hoping is prolonged until the term of life.T o be truly happy is a question of how we begin and not of how we end, of what we want and not of what we have.四级翻译练习中国是舞龙舞狮的起源地。
自问世以来，舞龙、舞狮运动一直受到各个民族人民的喜爱，代代相传，长久不衰，并因此形成了灿烂的舞龙舞狮文化。
长期以来，很多青年朋友都以为龙舞、狮舞就是春节、庙会、庆典时的喜庆表演，殊不知它历经了几千年的传承流变，积淀了深厚的历史文化，是祖先留给我们的极其宝贵的文化遗产。
汉英翻译练习作业
汉英翻译练习作业-标准化文件发布号：（9456-EUATWK-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DDQTY-KII单句类1. 直译与意译 (literal translation vs. free/liberal translation)1.怕什么呢？死了张屠夫，还有李屠夫，人多得很。
2.这事就败在你手里了。
3.不料半路杀出一个程咬金。
4.她不分青红皂白，乱交朋友。
5.爸爸，感谢您对我们的爱，您的辛勤工作让我和妈妈衣食无忧。
6.约翰为人可靠。
他既忠实又正直。
7.管它三七二十一，先吃个饱再说。
8.我对他简直佩服得五体投地。
9.他吓得屁滚尿流。
10.你让我倒了八辈子霉。
11.她生长在富贵之家。
12.她怕碰一鼻子灰，话到了嘴边，又把它吞了下去。
13.他吃了大败仗。
14.人生有苦也有甜。
15.酒逢知己千杯少，话不投机半句多。
16.他是“外甥打灯笼——照舅（照旧）”。
17.这项研究发现，青年妇女由于抽烟和缺乏运动，将大大缩短自己的寿命。
18.露丝一刻不得消停，弄得别的孩子很无语，我就把她撵了出去。
19.我妹妹又去减肥中心了。
20.江山易改，本性难移。
2. 省词法 (omission)1.他在我不知道的情况下私自拿走了那东西。
2.此新产品耐寒、耐旱、适合在北方生长。
3.大家都必须杜绝在工作中的浪费现象。
4.这些问题就是他提出的关于保护稀有动物的问题。
5.台湾海峡两岸的中国人都是骨肉同胞，手足兄弟。
6.如果你觉得合适就干，不合适就别干，你自个儿看着办吧。
7.他满脸皱纹，皮肤黝黑，头发灰白稀疏。
8.他吃了点东西，喝了点酒，因为他疲惫不堪了。
9.他说，“谁也不能指望他采取克制或讲道理的态度。
”10.多年来那个国家一直有严重的失业现象。
11.他把事情一五一十地都讲给父母听了。
12.我们党结束了那个时期物价混乱的局面。
13.事发二十个小时以内，他都处于昏迷状态。
14.至今这位老将军都还记得当年邓政委请他到家作客的情形。
小学英语汉译英100题
小学英语汉译英专练1.A: 她在做什么A:B: 她正在玩电脑。
B:2.A: 这条围巾是什么颜色的A:B: 是红色的。
B:3.A: 他们住在哪里A:B: 他们住在船屋中。
B:4.我想这些是我的书。
5.A: 他在做什么A:B: 他在家里。
他遇到许多麻烦。
B:6.条纹袜子今年很流行。
7.A: 她住在哪里A:B: 她住在中国。
B:8.A: 他的哥哥说什么语言A:111B: 他说中文。
B:9.A: 他每天都做什么事A:B: 他每天都锻炼身体。
B:10.他的爸爸在银行工作，他每天乘地铁去上班。
11.A: 她每天早上几点起床A:B: 她每天早上7点起床。
B:12.A: 你正在找什么A:B: 我正在找我的衬衣。
B:13.A: 你每天放学后做什么A:B: 我放学后做作业。
B:14. A: 他的叔叔住在哪里A:B: 他住在上海。
B:15.A: 她的姑姑说什么语言A:B: 她说英语。
222B:16.A: 你每天做什么A:B: 我读中文报纸，听美国收音机节目，看中文电视。
B:17.A: 他们每天做什么A:B: 他们每天游泳。
B:18.A: 你周六都做什么A:B: 我早上锻炼身体，晚上游泳。
B:19.A: 你的侄子在哪里工作A:B: 他在一家邮局工作。
B:20.A: 你正在找谁A:B: 我正在找我的弟弟。
B:21.A: 她在哪里吃饭A:B: 她在餐馆里吃饭。
B:22.A: 她姓什么A:333B: 她姓王。
B:23.A: 他每天都去看他的父母吗A:B: 是的。
B:24.A: 谁是你最喜欢的影星A:B: 是Tom。
B:25.A: 你喜欢什么类型的音乐A:B: 我喜欢古典乐。
B:26.A: 你想买这本书吗A:B: 不，我不想。
B:27.A: 你害怕什么A:B: 我害怕老虎。
B:28.A: 他是一个外向型的人吗A:B: 是的，他是的。
B:29.A: 你的姑姑在哪里住444A:B: 她住在一栋老公寓楼。
B:30.A: Tom在周五做中国饭吗A:B: 不，他不做。
英语翻译作业 第二小组
翻译作业小组成员：李倩 2140095002 陈玉丹 2140095011 廖江花 2140095001 陈杏文 2140095019 郭琦 2140095015 龚明正 2140095018定语从句1. People who live in the areas where earthquakes are a common occurrence should build houses that are resistant to ground movement.居住在地震多发区的人们应该建造能够抵抗地层移动的房屋。
2. Plants that bear their seeds in this manner are known as angiosperms（被子植物）,or flowering plants（显花植物）.以这种方式结种子的植物叫做被子植物或者是显花植物。
3. In those days when science remained undeveloped, the crew's knowledge of thunder and lightning was next to nothing.在科学不发达的年代里,水手们对雷电知识几乎一窍不通。
4.He unnecessarily spent a lot of time introducing this book which the students are quite familiar with.他花了大量的时间来介绍学生都十分熟悉的这本书，这是不必要的。
5. The proposal was surprisingly criticized by all walks of people.这条建议受到各阶层人民的反对,真是令人吃惊。
6. Interestingly, America is now dependent on Africa for 40% of its oil imports.有趣的是，现在美国40%的石油进口都依靠非洲。
初一英语下册翻译练习
初一英语下册翻译练习〔汉译英〕1. 公用在图书馆的对面.The pay phone is across from the library.2. 我感觉有点儿冷.I feel kind of cold.3. 他是加拿大人.He is from Canada.4. 你想干什么? 我想当警察.What do you want to be? I want to be a policeman.5. 他喜欢海豚,因为它们很聪慧.He likes the dolphins because they are clever.6. 沿着公路一直往前走,然后左拐.Walk along the road then turn left.7. 星期天,他喜欢读点书.He likes to do some reading on Sunday.8. 一些动物白天睡觉,夜晚起来吃树叶.Some animals sleep during the day, at night they get up to eat leaves.9. 孩子们正在唱歌.The children are singing.10. 悉尼的天气又热又潮湿.The weather in Sydney is hot and wet.11. 你还喜欢别的什么动物?What other animals do you like?12. 戴着眼镜的那个女孩是谁?Who is the girl with glasses?13. 你弟弟长什么样子?What does your brother look like?14. 我要牛肉和土豆的面条.I would like beef and potato noodles.15. X的天气怎么样?What’s the weather like in Shanghai?16. 你去哪儿度假了?Where did you go on vacation?17. 情况怎么样?How is it going?18. 我们在年少宫玩得很开心.We had fun in the children’s palace.19. 我受不了他们.I can’t st and them.20. 你对情景喜剧有什么看法?What do you think of sitcoms?21. 不要在教室里吃东西.Don’t eat in the classroom.22. 我不喜欢照相.I don’t like taking photos.23. 他会说一点儿日语.He can speak a little Japanese.24. 孩子们喜欢在冬天玩雪.The children like to play with snow in winter.1.我们正在享受美好时光。
翻译作业
词组层
1、They had escaped to America shortly before war broke out in 1939. • 1939年战争爆发前不久他们逃到了美国。 2、He broke off in the middle of a sentence. • 他一句话说了一半就不说了。
翻译作业
翻译单位
break
• (v.)突破； 破晓；突然下跌；打破（记录） • （n.)破裂；中间休息；间断；短假
词汇层
1、She fell off a ladder and broke her arm. 她从梯子上掉下来，摔断了胳膊。
2、We broke our journey in Oxford. 我们途中在牛津停顿了一下。
英语专升本三班 孙锐颖 15023083
句子层
1、The death of his wife broke him completely. • 妻子的死使他悲痛欲绝。 2、The clouds broke and the sun came 1、A way out of the difficulty has not yet to be found. 摆脱这一困境的方法尚未找到。 2、It is easy to persuade him if you go the right method. 只要你的方法得当，说服他并不难。 3、I have struck on a novel means of doing the job. 我突然想到一个干这个活的新奇方法。 4、That is the logical entension of my approach. 那是对我的方法的合乎情理的扩展。 5、We found a solution adequate to the problem. 我们找到了解决这个问题的适当方法。
翻译作业
英语翻译作业学校：学号：姓名：班级：作业1：一、辨别正误题（在正确的后面写T，在错误的前面写F）1.玄臧提出的翻译标准是“既须求真，又须喻俗”，意即“忠实，通顺。
”2.严复在《严式文通》中提出了著名的“信，达，雅”翻译标准3.鲁迅对翻译标准的主要观点是“与其信而不顺，不如顺而不信。
”4. 忠实仅仅指忠实于原作的内容，即译者把原作的内容完整而准确地表达出来就可以了。
5. I’m up to my neck in your bullshit（这是美国大兵的粗话），译者译成“你让我倒他妈的八辈子邪霉了”是为了忠实原作的风格。
6. 直译就是死译或硬译，因此我们可以把Nothing could be done翻译成“无事可以被做”。
7. 意译不是任意乱译，它要求译文能正确表达原文的内容，但可以不拘泥于原文的形式。
8.鲁迅在论翻译问题时曾提到“归化”与“洋化”，实际上就是指“意译”与“直译”。
9.英、汉语词序的比较，主要是指宾语、状语位置异同的比较。
10.翻译是一种机械性的劳动过程，关键是理解。
只要理解了，表达也就容易了。
作业2：Translate from English to Chinese.1. Don’t cross the bridge till you get to it.2. At this stage there is only soft intelligence about the enemy intention. We should not shoot him from the hip.3. Cheerful, efficient and warm-hearted, they will do everything to make your journey smooth and comfortable.4. The Chinese are justifiably proud of their economic achievements in recent years.5. He talked with understandable pride of his daughter’s achievements.6. The sight and sound of the army jeeps filled the little boy with special longing.7. Stubbornness has always characterized her way of negotiating.8. They signed two agreements that served to warm up the relationship between their two countries.9. His very appearance at any affair proclaims it a triumph.10. He was snuffed by the top-ranking officials there.11. On many occasions top executives devote more time to screening potential partners in financial terms than in human terms.12. It is the university, with its 15,000 students, dozens of colleges, and its large numbers of museums, churches, libraries, gardens, and offices, that dominates the look and temperament of the city of Oxford.13. As we discuss our differences, neither of us will compromise our principles. But while we cannot close the gulf between us, we can try to bridge it so that we may be able to talk across it.14. All she had to do was sweeping, dusting and cleaning and could get 2 pounds for one hour.15. Everything was a on a larger scale for him, the highs were higher, the lows lower.16. Thus he grew in body and soul.17. My grandfather used to tell me that one got more enjoyment out of one hour's fruitful work than out of ten hours' meaningless recreation.18. She opened her eyes. They were filled with tears.19. The university is full of people having four-star abilities with five-star ambitions.20. Instead we continued to embellish （v.修饰）the cover story, walking blindly into his trap.21. After years of working as an accountant in a small company, she now decided to quit the job and immigrate to Australia, where she hoped she could start again.22. The decision to veto against the proposal was not taken lightly.23. He was regarded as a strong candidate in the coming general election, even though he had not made up his mind yet whether to take part in the election or not.24. Modern skyscrapers began to appear in the city, / taking away much of its ancient charm and mystery, / which was considered as a great pity by many people.25. Everybody took it for granted that after what had happened, he would surely take the blame and resign.26. Such a chance was denied her simply because she was a married woman.27. Such things couldn't long escape notice.28. He thinks he's the bee's knees.29. He made the sound of sympathy which deeply hurt her because it was the kind of sound that came too readily from those who never knew what hardship meant.30. Occasionally there would be days when both of them were free and would to-gether spend a day in their cottage on the edge of the moors.31. After dinner, the four key negotiators resumed their talks, which continued well into the night.32. She had talked to the Head of the Department about her worries, who assured her that nothing could possibly go wrong. -33. He took the idea to the manager, who liked it and ordered an investigation to see if it could be applied to their auto production.34. Because we are both prepared to proceed on the basis of equality and mutual respect, we meet at a moment when we can make peaceful cooperation a real-ity.35. So while I have sympathy for these fellows who reacted against the formality of their predecessors, I think they went too far.36. British newspapers-all of them some of the time, and some of them almost all the time-behave badly in two ways. They intrude unnecessarily into people's privacy; and they publish inaccurate, sometimes made-up stories.作业3：四、将下列句子翻译成汉语1）I’ve often wondered, in the years since, whether I made the right choice.2) Mother insisted ti this day that she thought I was just joking.3) A new student is kept on probation for one semester.1) He said that this was a good suggestion, which he would look into.2) No matter how good it is on paper, the bosses will try to wangle it all their own way.五、段落翻译，注意运用各种翻译技巧时译文流畅通顺Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battle-field of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of the field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that thae nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.But, in a large sense, we can not dedicate--- we can not consecrate---we can not hallow---this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobody advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us---that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion---that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain---that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom--- and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.作业4：二、问答题1、本书作者提出了“忠实、通顺”的翻译标准。
写作业和玩用英语怎么写
写作业和玩用英语怎么写在英语中，"写作业"可以翻译为 "do homework" 或 "write homework"，而"玩"可以翻译为 "play"。
以下是一些可能用到这些短语的句子：1. After school, I need to do my homework before I can play. (放学后，我需要先做作业才能玩。
)2. I'll finish writing my homework and then we can go out to play.(我会完成我的作业写作，然后我们可以出去玩。
)3. Don't forget to do your homework after you play with your friends.(和朋友玩之后不要忘记做你的作业。
)4. She prefers to play video games rather than write her homework.(她更喜欢玩电子游戏而不是写她的作业。
)5. Playing outside is a great way to relax after doing homework.(在户外玩是做完作业后放松的好方法。
)6. I have to write a report for English class, so I can't play soccer today.(我得为英语课写一篇报告，所以我今天不能踢足球。
)7. Let's do our homework together and then we can play a board game.(我们一起做作业，然后我们可以玩桌游。
)8. He spends too much time playing video games and not enough time on his homework.(他花太多时间玩电子游戏，而没有足够的时间做他的作业。
英语翻译作业
英语翻译与写作实习作业学院：班级：姓名：学号：翻译练习一、翻译下列各句（注意理解原文）1.she is no fool.她很精明。
2.He is not incapable.他不是无能。
3.I can’t help thinking that he is still alive.我不禁想到还活着。
4.It is a long lane that has no turning.这是一个长巷口没有转弯处。
5.She never comes without bringing some candy for the children.她没有来过没有带来一些糖果给孩子们。
二、翻译下列各句（注意时态的变换）6.After the outbreak of the war, the whole country was armed in a few days.战争爆发后,全国武装起来了好几天。
7.At that meeting an agreement was very soon arrived at.本协议会议非常很快就到了。
8.I’m afraid I shall be laughed at.恐怕我要被人嘲笑。
9.My first twenty years were spent in a poverty-stricken countryside.我的头二十年之前一直在一个非常贫困的农村。
10.They were given a hearty welcome.他们受到热烈欢迎。
11.Rivers are controlled by dams.拦河坝把河流控制住了。
12.Hitler was also washed away by the storms of history.希特勒被历史的风暴席卷而去。
13.Most of the questions have been settled satisfactorily, only a few of secondary大部分问题已经圆满地解决了,只有几次要的14.importance remain to be discussed.重要有待讨论。
矿大研究生英语翻译理论与实践课外作业(4)
Assignment 4I.Translate the following sentences into Chinese and pay attention tothe translation of the blackened parts.1.The economic environment is characterized by buyers, sellers and competitors.译文：经济环境的特点是买，卖和竞争。
ser is one of the most sensational developments in recent years, because of its applicability to many fieldsof science and its adaptability to practical uses.译文：近年来，由于激光的在许多科学领域和实际应用的适用性，使其成为最轰动的发展之一。
3.Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe.译文：火箭已经应用于对宇宙的探索。
4.If major problems exist and goals are not being achieved, then changes need to be made in the company’sorganizational or managerial structure.译文：如果公司的主要问题还存在，目标还没有完成，那么公司的组织与管理结构就需要做调整。
5.They are quite content with the data obtained from the experiment.译文：他们对从实验中所获得的数据非常满意。
6.We are especially grateful to you for arranging the meeting for us with the Machinery Trading Delegation atsuch short notice.译文：我们非常感谢你们能在如此短的时间里为我们安排与机械交易代表团的成员见面。
四年级英语翻译练习题30题
四年级英语翻译练习题30题1.I have a new book.I have 的意思是我有。
a 是一个。
new 是新的。
book 是书。
整句话的翻译是我有一本新书。
2.She is my friend.She 是她。
is 是。
my 是我的。
friend 是朋友。
整句话的翻译是她是我的朋友。
3.This is my pencil.This 是这。
is 是。
my 是我的。
pencil 是铅笔。
整句话的翻译是这是我的铅笔。
4.We are in the classroom.We 是我们。
are 是。
in 是在……里面。
the 是定冠词。
classroom 是教室。
整句话的翻译是我们在教室里。
5.My mother is cooking.My 是我的。
mother 是妈妈。
is 是。
cooking 是做饭。
整句话的翻译是我的妈妈正在做饭。
6.I like apples.I 是我。
like 是喜欢。
apples 是苹果。
整句话的翻译是我喜欢苹果。
7.He is playing football.He 是他。
is 是。
playing 是玩。
football 是足球。
整句话的翻译是他正在踢足球。
8.My father is reading a book.My 是我的。
father 是爸爸。
is 是。
reading 是读。
a 是一个。
book 是书。
整句话的翻译是我的爸爸正在读书。
9.We go to school by bus.We 是我们。
go 是去。
to 是到。
school 是学校。
by 是乘坐。
bus 是公共汽车。
整句话的翻译是我们乘公共汽车去上学。
10.I am happy.I 是我。
am 是。
happy 是高兴的。
整句话的翻译是我很高兴。
11.I clean my room every day.- 我每天打扫我的房间。
- 解析：clean my room 是“打扫我的房间”的意思，clean 在这里是动词“打扫”。
护理专业英语翻译 作业
catheter painless room nursing (原文）With the improvement of people's living standard,To the requirements of the quality of the life more and more high, no pain comfortable medical service more and more attention.T o the requirements of the quality of the life more and more high, no pain comfortable medical service is valued for ease of clinical surgery patients, meet the needs of patients with pain, in recent years has carried out many painless technology projects, such as: postoperative analgesia, painless people and painless stomach examination, achieved good social and economic benefits of the evaluation. Urethral catheterization is medical care in the operation of the most commonly used method, is large and medium-sized surgery and long time surgery patients of preoperative preparation the indispensable and important content. Well or not, affects the catheter to the development of the surgery and postoperative patients recovery. Painless as comfortable as possible so that patients in catheterization under conditions of the patients to treatment, psychological and physiological needs, reflected the medical staff to take care of our life, it is with the person this objective. Has been widely used in clinical, and satisfactory effect.The advantages of the catheter painless：1. Reduce pain preoperative patients is in nervous condition, to various stimuli highly sensitive. Urethral is rich in neural control, sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve distribution in the urethra. The waking state descending into patients, urethral catheterization catheter can show bladder spasms and on the area, bladder trigonometry and cause stimulated pain urethral mouth. Anesthesia patients after muscle relaxation, pain disappeared, neural reflex dull, so the feeling no pain when catheterization.2. Improve the success rate of urethral catheterization preoperative patients due to lack of medical knowledge catheterization, urethral catheterization exist concerns. Medical teaching, nurtures the nets | collecting finishing this time line, urethral catheterization because of urinary catheter urethral sphincter stimulation can cause urinary muscle contraction, make strong the urethra resistance increases, cause urinary catheter through the difficult, very prone to urethral mucosa and edema. After urethral sphincter muscle relaxation, anesthesia, reduced the urinary catheter on urinary mucosa stimulation, easily through urinary catheter.3. Reduce urinary tract infections as far as possible to a strict catheterization sterile operation, and can not reach the required general ward sterile, in the operating room for painless, urethral catheterization aseptic operation more closely, mucous membrane, reduced to reduce urinary tract infection rates, facilitate postoperative rehabilitation. At the same time, patients in the state of operation, painless accept for postoperative urinary catheter reservation.4. Enhance human care concept in patients with exposure to catheterization special parts. Because many open environment, ward, generally keep out closely enough, in this case, urethral catheterization will give patients some shy and nervous psychology. In the operating room to overcome this a painless urethral catheterization inconvenience. At the same time, in the operating room are painless, reduce the patients catheterization by ward to operating room inside this paragraph of time, such as a change of position passive handling in the process of the pain from discomfort.The method of urethral catheterization painless :1. under the surface anesthesia catheterization use hydrochloric acid tetracaine or lidocaine line after the mucosal surface anesthesia detaining urethral catheter, can relieve the pain, improve the patients with the affection between, to build good care with relations and improve patients and families to care satisfaction. Ding card for a local anesthetic effect in peripheral nerve tissue, blocking nerve impulse transmission, the nature is stable, good safety, the urinary mucosa absorption effect to fast, role, time is lidocaine of long mucosa non-irritating, so the effect is much better. In recent years have use tetracaine or lidocaine mucilage line surface ana esthesia, for rubber paste preparation have instead of paraffin wax oil lubrication, use more convenient effective, and have analgesic action, can relax anesthesia sphincter muscle. Remove the urethra spasms, the effect is better, painless patients improve a catheter success rate, reduce the probability of urinary mucosa damage, embodies the "people-oriented" principle.2. the spinal canal anesthesia epidural catheter intubation, because after the downside of backbone nerve block pussy nerve, patients reduce discomfort. When the nurse to home invasion to patients interpretation work, to do detailed during intubation that although the patients do epidural anesthesia, but clear your mind and the awake state indwelling catheter cerebral cortex, to this short memory in the postoperative period to placing a urinary catheter, patients can gradually accept the existence of urinary catheter. Therefore, after the epidural anesthesia placing a urinary catheter after a period of time in the incidence of discomfort, and reduce pain, the comfort is better. Waist hemp is local anesthetics, through the cerebrospinal fluid direct role in spinal nerve root, and epidural anesthesia comparison, waist linen block effect is better, including feeling, sports and autonomic nerve fibers are can well block, in addition to the exact analgesic effect, also can achieve good muscle relaxation, and work fast. According to clinical observation, epidural anesthesia note medicine in general can not 10 min, reach full analgesia, so in patients with urinary catheter, when there are still unwell feeling pain. And waist hard joint anesthesia note medicine 3 min achieve satisfactory results. This time no pain, urethral catheterization and guarantee the surgery on. Waist hard after urethral expansion joint anesthesia, about muscle relaxation, resistance disappear, placing a urinary catheter smooth, one-time intubation high success rate, reduce the chance of urinary tract infection.3. by the general anesthesia catheterization after induction of general anesthesia awareness of patients at disappear, have analgesic perfect state, muscle relaxation, neural reflex slow characteristics, urethral catheterization patients do at this time, the whole body muscle relaxation, urethral resistance, no pain, disappear blood pressure and heart rate is anesthesia, before and after no significant changes. In addition, under general anesthesia catheterization can eliminate state patients face when the embarrassment of common catheterization and fear mentality, protection of patients with pride. But patients with general anesthesia narcotic induction urethral catheterization final, although the loss of consciousness, muscle relaxation, analgesic effect, but with a good because catheterization without any perception, into the process of awakening. Consciousness has not yet fully recover, placing a urinary catheter to the stimulation in psychological, physical intolerance, cause all struggle, the twist, and even try to pull outurinary catheter, nurse, language and does not take comfort remind patients, need to force braking, cause urinary catheter emerge rate increase, recovering, appear even complications and dangerous. Application tetracaine rubber paste in anesthesia before catheterization, so that patients awake to the stimulation of the stress in advance, and through the operation of explanation, improve communication before tolerance of urinary catheter mental threshold, reduce stress level, even if patients are disquieting signs of awakening, as long as instant give appropriate comfort, patient also easy to remind with accept, so as to reduce the occurrence of restless.summary :Not only reduce the urethral catheterization painless when the damage of catheterization, urethral catheterization operates smoothly, but also improve the postoperative patients placing a urinary catheter comfort. It is a safe and comfortable nursing operation technology, it embodies the humanistic care to patients in the operating room, is also comfortable nursing care and the reflection of work. Medical personnel should change the old concept of preoperative preparation, combined with the actual situation, choose suitable urethral catheterization opportunity, in surgery patients in as far as possible in painless operation, reduce adverse factors on the influence of the patients, but also improved the quality of nursing care of patients and to work satisfaction.无痛导尿的手术室护理随着人们生活水平的提高，对生命质量的要求越来越高，无痛苦舒适医疗服务日益受到重视。
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AC500kV Substation Design In ChinaTransmission and Substation Department,CPECCAbstract:Some brief informations about AC500kV substations in China,historical data of their design and essential design principles are presented in this paper.Some technical and engineering problems of AC500kV substation design and construction are discussed.It is emphasized to introduce the500kV substation scales,main electrical connections,selection of equipment and apparatus,insulation coordination,distribution switchyard,control and protection etc.Here we also discuss the policy of project cost control at present time and a prospective view of China AC substations in future.1.IntroductionThe research and design of500kV substations in China were started in1977,and the first substation was put into operation in1981.From that time,because of the rapid development of electricity demand in China,design and construction of500kV substations have a great development.Especially in recent years,due to the increase of capital investment for power system construction from the State Government,500kV power system has developed even faster.Till1998about55substations(500kV)were already put into operation,in which217transformers were installed,and the total capacity reached60410 MVA.At present,there are30substations(total capacity26500MVA)under construction.In addition,it has been planned to construction/extends30substations(33transformers,24750 MVA)in accordance with the power delivery from Three Gorges Power Plant.A complete design system of AC500kV substation in China has been gradually established based on the past design and construction experiences and the use of new technologies.This system includes design procedures,design standards,rules and regulations, design management and so on.The essential design principles are safe and reliable,technically advanced,economical and reasonable,and good quality.2.Size of SubstationsChina is a developing country with broad territory.The economic development is very different from one region to another.In accordance with this fact,the500kV substation size is different at different time and for different region.Generally there are several classes of transformer capacity in substation according to different stages of construction:Initial stage,MVA Final stage,MVAⅠ1×500（750）2×500（2×750）Ⅱ1×7503×750Ⅲ1×750（2×750）4×750（1000，1500）The numbers of500kV and220kV outgoing lines from substation differ from time to ually there are1-4circuits of500kV lines and6-8circuits of220kV lines in the first stage of construction,and finally the number reaches6-10circuits of500kV and12-14 circuits of220kV lines.Whether install or not the high voltage reactor is decided by systematical investigation in over voltage level and line length.Reactive compensation facilities at low voltage side of main transformer are also design in accordance with the system conditions and the principle of“compensation on the spot according to the condition of each voltage level and region”. Usually in first stage of construction only low voltage shunt reactors are installed,reserving the possibility to install shunt capacitors.But some times,especially in recent projects,shunt reactors and capacitors may be installed simultaneously in first stage of construction.3.Electrical Design Features3.1Main Electrical ConnectionsIt is very important to select main electrical connections for safe and reliable operation and project cost control.The most popular500kV electrical connection is one-and-half circuit breaker(1½CB)connection,which is flexible,reliable,relatively and less land used.Double sectionalized bus with transfer bus connection also being employed in some early projects.In the1½CB connection configuration,source and load circuit are usually arranged in pair and in series,with same title circuit arranged in different series.It is permitted to connect the same title circuit to the same bus,2transformer groups into series separately and the other2groups to bus separately.3current transformer groups are installed in every series and single phase capacitive voltage transformers(CVT)are installed on bus.Lighting arresters are installed at line and transformer sides.Special calculations are required to decide if bus arresters to be installed.At initial construction stage outgoing lines and transformer groups used1-2breakers. For1½CB connection,if number of series is equal to or more than3at initial stage,outgoingisolating switches are not installed for the line and transformer.If there are only2series in the initial stage,they should be installed.3.2Equipment SelectionThe short circuit current level is usually computed in accordance with the system development plan within10-15years after substation commissioning.In general cases it is selected as50kA,50kA,40or50kA(31.5kA)for500kV,220kV,35kV(66kV)bus–bar respectively.At present time short circuit current level for500kV side reaches63kA in some substations.The problem,that short circuit current level for220kV side in some substations may reach63kA in future,will be solved by employing control measures in the system,for example,to divide the power supply area into parts.Usually single-phase auto-transformers with forced oil and air cooling are equipped. Special system voltage regulation computation is needed for employing on-load tap-changer transformers.In some projects three-phase transformers are used after economical and technical comparison in transformer including its transportation conditions.500kV circuit breakers are usually ceramic pole type or tank type.In some special cases, for example,high altitude,severe atmospheric pollution regions and/or limited site area,SF6 metal enclosed gas insulated switchgear(GIS)may also be used.Circuit breakers usually have4-3breaks in one phase,or2in recent year.500kV isolating switches are usually single-or double-pole horizontal stretch-and-draw type,which occupies relatively less land area.500 kV current transformers are oil or SF6insulated.35(or66)kV shunt reactors are oil immersed type or aircore dry type.In order to reduce switching over voltage,500kV insulation level and air gaps,high quality SF6circuit breakers and good protection performance metal oxide arresters are employed.In case of relatively long line it may be necessary to equip closing resistors in circuit breakers according to computation study.The external insulation level of electrical equipment is selected according to the regional atmospheric pollution ually the selected pollution class is not lower thanⅡ，that is,the unit leakage distance is not less than20mm/kV for500kV and220kV apparatus. The external insulation level for neutral ungrounded low voltage side should be strengthened to one class higher.The general leakage distance is calculated by using maximum operating voltage.3.3Insulation CoordinationInsulation coordination is determined in accordance with the principles stated in China Power Industry Standard DL/T620-1997“Overvoltage Protection and Insulation Coordination for AC Electrical Installations”.Power frequency overvoltage:1.3Uxg for substation side of line breaker,1.4Uxg for line side.Here Uxg is the maximum operating phase voltage.The coordination factor between nominal lighting impulses withstands voltage of electrical installations and residue voltage of substation arresters under nominal discharge current is adopted as1.4.Coordination factor between nominal phase-to-earth switching impulses withstand voltage of electrical installation internal insulation and protection level of arrester under switching overvoltage should not be less than1.15.3.4SwitchyardUsually the following bus bar types are used in500kV switchyard:double bundled diameter-extended soft buses,supported thick aluminum tube buses,or suspended aluminum tube buses by V type insulator strings.The switchyard may be arranged in one,two or three outgoing line directions types.Two outgoing directions type is usually used,and breaker are arranged in three columns with medium height type.The transformers are connected in series with low frame crossing type,each bay width being28m;there are service paths between phases for repairing the switchgear.3.5Grounding SystemThe service life of grounding system is the same as the designed service life of ground project.In case of high soil resistively and great short circuit current the ground potential may exceed the value limited by regulation even if measures to reduce grounding resistance are adopted.In these cases potential equalization and electrical insulation measures should be used according to the regulations.The typical methods to reduce grounding resistance include deep burying grounding poles and extending grounding.3.6Control SystemIn general three types of control systems are employed:electronic one-to-one control, electronic transfer to power one-to-one direct control and220V power one-to-one direct controls.Mosaic control panel and computer monitoring systems are used.Accordingly,conventional control systems should be adequately simplified,for example,the measuring systems and lighted-letter signals can be simplified or even canceled,and partial or all their functions can be realized by computer systems.At present time in some substations computer monitoring-and-control systems are used, at the same time the conventional monitoring-and-control systems are not used.In case of distributed computer monitoring-and-control systems,small relay rooms near switchgear are set up,in which relays and computer subsystems are installed.Basic manual operation functions are reserved in relay cabinets.3.7General Layout of SubstationGeneral layout of500kV substations is composed of the following four parts:500kV outdoor switchyard,220kV outdoor switchyard,and main transformer with reactive compensation installation,main and auxiliary buildings.The layout is arranged in accordance with the general planning and engineering requirements,talking into account the substation natural conditions and special characteristics of projects,fully satisfying requirement in safe and reliable operation/maintenance of the substation.With these preconditions the following principles are also considered:less land used,compact layout,reduced cost and convenient for future extension.In recent years the territory area within substation boundary walls is usually limited to be about7-9ha,and the administration area in front of substation to be about0.5ha.3.8Civil EngineeringThe ground elevation of the substation site shall be higher than the high flood level of 1%frequency.In case the elevation is lower,the substation area shall be surrounded by flood-prevention dike or other reliable flood-prevention facilities.The general building area in substation designed and/or constructed in recent year is as follows:2700-2900m2in case of centralized relay protection and2100-2300m2if protection apparatus are distributed in vicinity of switchyard.Steel tube frameworks are used for the outdoors switchyard installation with advantage of its relatively low steel consumption,but angle iron structure can also be employed.Water sprayer fire extinguishers are employed for main transformers.4.Prospect of500kV Substation DesignChina will come into“The10th Five-year Plan”at the beginning of21st century,and will intensify the construction of electric power system.So there will be great potential in500kV substation projects,and competitive bidding system will be widely used in procurement.An upsurge of500kV substation constructions in accordance with power delivery for the Three Gorges Power Plant will be seen in the near future.Generally domestic made equipments will be employed in these substations,but it is not exclusive to imported ones.In addition to assuring safety and reliability,500kV substation of next century should be designed in accordance with the following principle:economization of land-use,employment of computer monitoring and control systems,unmanned or only a few on duties in substation, etc..So more and more high and new technologies and hi-tech products will be used.。