draw water with a sieve 竹篮打水一场空
英语俚语精解：徒劳无功白费力气awild-goosechase
【导语】看到短语"a wild-goose chase", 很让⼈想到那句歇后语“⽵篮打⽔ —— ⼀场空”，意思是说，您忙活了半天，到最后⼀⽆所获，等于做了⽆⽤功。
就字⾯意⽽⾔，“（很难）追上⼀群鹅”确实符合现实情况。
词源学家认为，"a wild-goose chase"（⽆益的追求）最早起源于*。
早在16世纪，所谓的“*场”是茂密的森林。
*⽐赛规定，骑⼿们须在森林中紧追⼀匹“头马”，头马性格暴烈，奔跑时毫⽆路线规律可循。
在追“头马”的过程中，很多骑⼿往往独陷林中，找不到归路。
再加上这种*的阵形以“⼀马带路、群马尾随”为特⾊，与群雁飞翔颇为相似，⼈们就戏称当时的*为"a wild-goose chase"。
随着时间的推移，"a wild-goose chase"的⽐喻意“⽩费⼒，徒劳⽆益的追求”逐渐被⼈们采⽤。
看下⾯两个例句：
You're led on a wild goose chase if you are going to look for an apartment in the papers.
如果你指望通过报纸找到公寓，那是⽩费劲。
He's asking us to fund a wild goose chase.
他让我们掏钱做赔本的买卖。
一场空成语
一场空成语一场空成语【成语释义】努力和希望完全落空【成语出处】明·许仲琳《封神演义》第40回：“枉费心机空费力，雪消春水一场空。
”【感情色彩】中性【成语结构】偏正式成语【成语用法】作宾语、定语；用于事情的结局【产生年代】古代成语成语例句钱钟书《围城》：“同时又怕到了吉安一场空，愿意这车走下去，永远在开动，永远不到达，替希望留着一线生机。
”相关成语一发而不可收拾一人得道，鸡犬飞升一窝风一口一声一碗水往平处端一举成名一去不复返一弹指顷季路一言英语释义come to naught；all in vain；futile网络英语释义1. all in vain2. futile3. go for very little双语例句1. He staged the most lavish productions of Mozart.他组织了一场空前盛大的莫扎特作品演奏会。
来自《柯林斯例句》2. Finally, it is like drawing water with a sieve.到头来, 竹篮打水一场空.来自《《现代汉英综合大词典》》3. The principal made another vain appeal for better equipment in the school laboratory.校长又一次请求增加学校实验设备,但又是一场空.来自《《用法词典》》4. Footballers launched an unprecedented crusade against racism on the terraces.足球运动员们对阶梯看台上的种族歧视发起了一场空前的运动。
来自《辞典例句》5. He knew what was running in her mind and how futile her dreams were.他知道她脑子里在想着什么事情,她的梦想简直是一场空.来自《辞典例句》。
成语翻译策略
刘学(榆林学院外语系陕西榆林719000)摘要：习语是一个民族语言中的瑰宝,形式简洁内涵丰富。
英汉两种语言历史悠久，包含着大量的习语。
不同语种的习语往往带有浓厚的民族色彩和文化特征。
因此，习语中的文化因素往往是翻译的难点。
本文以英汉习语文化差异及其在习语翻译中的重要影响为研究对象，并指出在英汉习语的翻译中，译者应根据具体情况，适当采用归化法或异化法，或者将两者结合在一起，以保证信息量的传递,同时避免文化冲突的产生,使翻译真正成为文化交流的桥梁。
关键词：英汉习语；文化差异；文化内涵；归化；异化1. 引言翻译不仅是不同语言之间的转换,更是不同文化之间的交流。
其根本目的是使一种文化能充分地借鉴和吸收另一种文化的异质成分, 以丰富自己, 焕发新的生机。
英汉两种语言中都存在着丰富多彩的习语,包括成语、谚语、惯用语、歇后语、典故等。
它们不仅言简意赅、形象鲜明、妙趣横生,而且表达精炼、富有哲理、韵律铿锵。
许多习语具有恰当的比喻,并能引起丰富的联想,而这种联想是由一定的民族的现实环境和文化传统所决定的。
因此, 要准确、贴切地传递习语的内在信息, 译者必须探明英汉习语的文化特征及其差异, 并将其文化内涵适当对接, 才能真实地再现原文面貌。
2. 英汉成语的文化内涵与差异。
3. 习语翻译的归化和异化由于习语具有强烈的文化特征,习语的翻译要同时处理语言和文化的矛盾,不仅要忠实地表达原习语的意义,还应尽可能地保持原习语的比喻形象、修辞效果及其民族特色、文化内涵等,这样才能达到最佳的文化交流。
习语翻译究竟是采取归化策略还是异化策略一直是翻译界争论的焦点。
2.1 归化与异化的内涵归化和异化是语言翻译的两种不同方法,是指在两种语言转换过程中,对两种语言形式的差异和通过语言形式所折射的文化差异作出不同的处理。
所谓归化译法,是指以纯熟地道的译语把一种文化中的异质成分转化为本族文化中人们所熟知的内容。
它撇开原文特有的文化色彩和形象,抓住其语用意义,从译语中选取与原语语用意义相应的表达方式,旨在向读者传递原作的基本精神和语义内容。
[转载]翻译第三讲参考译文（直译意译）
![[转载]翻译第三讲参考译文（直译意译）](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/d69a98e14793daef5ef7ba0d4a7302768e996f13.png)
[转载]翻译第三讲参考译⽂（直译意译）原⽂地址：翻译第三讲参考译⽂(直译意译）作者：⽯壁头翻译第三讲参考译⽂直译Vs意译⼆、翻译总原则▲该直译就直译：(1).No matter what may happen, the Chinese people will firmly support the oppressed people of the world.译⽂：不管发⽣什么事情，中国⼈民都要坚定地⽀持世界上被压迫的⼈民。
(2).Exchange of idea is necessary, for without it, it is impossible to achieve mutural understanding.译⽂：思想交流是必要的，因为没有思想交流，便不可能达到相互了解。
(3).创新是⼀个民族的灵魂。
Innovation is the soul of a nation.(4).黛⽟说：你说你会过⽬成诵，难道我就不能⼀⽬⼗⾏了！意译：You needn't imagine you are the only one with a good memory,” said Dai-yu naughtily. “I suppose I'm allowed to remember lines too if I like. （David Hawks）直译：You boast that you can memorize a passage with one reading. Why can't I learn ten lines at one glance?（杨宪益；戴乃迭）▲直译造成意义晦涩：(1).It's a Smoke Free Area.意译：这是个⽆烟区。
(2).Shakespeare put his hometown on the map.意译：莎⼠⽐亚使他的家乡声名远仰。
常见俗语中英文对照
Grow old along with me，the best is yet to be。
执子之手,与子偕老。
URL 全球资源定位器（Uniform Resource Locator）When three know it，all know it. 三人知,天下晓。
You cannot see the forest for the trees. 一叶障目，不见泰山。
Treat others as you would like to be treated yourself.己所不欲，勿施于人。
That which one least anticipates soonest comes to pass。
天有不测风云,人有旦夕祸福。
Those who are quick to promise are generally slow to perform。
轻易许诺言,很少有兑现。
Riches are the root of the all evil. 金钱是万恶之源.She is a man-killer. 她是个能使所有男人倾倒的女人。
Self-help is the best help. 自助是最大的帮助.God helps those who help themselves. 天助自助之人。
The road to hell is paved with good intentions. 好愿望不一定有好结果。
Unpleasant advice is good medicine。
忠言逆耳利于行。
Tell me what the hell we are going to do now。
告诉我，我们现在到底要做什么。
No man is wise at all times。
智者千虑，必有一失。
The sack is known by the sample.A little straw shows which way the wind blows. 一叶知秋.As a man lives，so shall he die。
歇后语的翻译
解释性增补
解释性增补是指当源语中词语的内涵意义在 译语中出现词汇空缺,其联想意义也出现空白 时,译者必须保留源语的词语形象,而将其深层 含义以解释的形式翻译出来,揭示出源语的文 化特性或文化背景。 汉语中特有的歇后语在译成英语时,可以保留 原语形象,再用解释性增补以表现其喻意。
利用汉语的谐音
竹篮打水--一场空。 Like ladling water with a wicker basket-all is empty (nothing). 八仙过海--各显其能。 (Like) the Eight Immortals crossing the seaeach showing his or her special prowess. ( Each of them shows their true worth.)
利用双关语义
井底雕花——深刻 carving a flower design on the bottom of a well——carving deeply or get to the essence of something
擀面杖吹火———一窍不通 a rolling pin used as a bellows —no good at all
Note: Wang Xizhi was a famous Chinese calligrapher and a Chinese character is usually composed of strokes, of which the vertical and horizontal ones are the most commonly used. Hengshu here has two interpretations: 1) the horizontal and vertical strokes; 2) horizontally or vertically, that is, in any way.
歇后语翻译
比喻式歇后语瞎子点灯——白费蜡It is as useless as a blind man lighting a candle.隔着门缝看人——把人瞧扁了If you peer at a person through a crack-he looks flat.狗拿耗子——多管闲事You are a dog trying to catch mice---too meddlesome.肉包子打狗——有去无回。
Chasing a dog by throwing meat dumplings at it--- never return.黄鼠狼给鸡拜年——不怀好意。
A weasel wishes Happy New Year to a chicken---harboring no good intention.竹篮打水——一场空。
Ladling water with a wicker basket---all is empty (nothing).兔子尾巴——长不了。
The tail of a rabbit---cannot be long; won't last long.小葱拌豆腐——一清二白。
The petit scallion is mingled with bean curd---perfectly clear.茶壶里煮饺子——有也倒不出Dumpling in a boiler(kettle)—cannot be poured out.船头上跑马——走投无路horse race on the bow- back to the wall打破沙锅——问到底Insist on getting to the bottom滴水石穿——非一日之功Constant dropping wears the stone丢了西瓜捡芝麻——因小失大lose the watermelon and pick up the sesame - keep the tail from wagging the dog粪坑里的石头——又臭又硬The stone in the cesspit——smelly and hard猴子捞月亮——白忙一场Monkeys Grasp for the Moon---all in vain.脚踩两只船——摇摆不定sit on the fence——swing老虎的屁股——摸不得the butt of the tiger--- cannot touch.擀面杖吹火——窍不通 A rolling pin used as a bellows —not good at all.王小二过年——一年不如一年Wang Xiao'er spending the New Year——one year is worse than another.瞎子点灯——白费蜡The blind man lights the candle---to do something in vain.隔着门缝看人——把人瞧扁了Don’t underestimate me like that.王八看绿豆——对眼The tortoise watches the mung bean---to fall in love at first sight.风箱里的老鼠——两头受气The mice in the bellows---to blame between both ends.聋子的耳朵——摆设The ears of the deaf---ornaments.黄鼠狼给鸡拜年——不怀好意。
英语习语学习大全6
英语中的以植物喻人倦做“草地寡妇”。
意思是他打高尔夫球，我被撂在一边的草地上孤独地无所适从，像个寡妇，只有草地陪伴我。
12 She was stuck with a lemon on the dance floor．她在舞场上被一个讨厌的舞伴缠上了。
lemon是指次品，如次品的车子。
在消费市场上lemon的概念已经扩展到了次品电脑。
舞场上的次品，一定是哪个傻乎乎的不讨她喜欢的家伙喽。
13 She is a Chaplin nut：She's seen all his films．她是卓别林的癖好者，凡他演的电影都看过。
14 He shows a lot "strength for such a peanut"．他杀鸡用牛刀。
15 I asked him to speak at the meeting，but he did not even attend；what a broken reed!我让他在会上发言，他居然没来参加。
真是个无可信赖的人。
broken reed 源自圣经以塞雅书，Isaiah 36:6-9。
神把埃及比作a broken reed，人一旦依赖它，就会刺痛皮肉。
神又把信徒比作a bruised reed，他们软弱但崇高，神不会让他们break。
Some unusual words describe how a person spends his or her time. For example, someone who likes to spend a lot of time sitting or lying down while watching television is sometimes called a couch potato. A couch is a piece of furniture that people sit on while watching television.Robert Armstrong, an artist from California, developed the term couch potato in 1976. Several years later, he listed the term as a trademark with the United States government. Mr. Armstrong also helped write a funny book about life as a full-time television watcher. It is called the "Official Couch Potato Handbook."Couch potatoes enjoy watching television just as mouse potatoes enjoy working on computers. A computer mouse is the device that moves the pointer, or cursor, on a computer screen. The description of mouse potato became popular in 1993. American writer Alice Kahn is said to have invented the term to describe young people who spend a lot of time using computers.Too much time inside the house using a computer or watching television can cause someone to get cabin fever. A cabin is a simple house usually built far away from the city. People go to a cabin to relax and enjoy quiet time.Cabin fever is not really a disease. However, people can experience boredom and restlessness if they spend too much time inside their homes. This is especially true during the winter when it is too cold or snowy to do things outside. Often children get cabin fever if they cannot go outside to play. So do their parents. This happens when there is so much snow that schools and even offices and stores are closed.Some people enjoy spending a lot of time in their homes to make them nice places to live. This is called nesting or cocooning. Birds build nests out of sticks to hold their eggs and baby birds. Some insects build cocoons around themselves for protection while they grow and change. Nests and cocoons provide security for wildlife. So people like the idea of nests and cocoons, too.The terms cocooning and nesting became popular more than twenty years ago. They describe people buying their first homes and filling them with many things. These people then had children.Now these children are grown and have left the nest. They are in college. Or they are married and starting families of their own far away. Now these parents are living alone without children in their empty nest. They have become empty nesters.和water有关的短语水和我们的日常生活密切相关，因此英语中也就有了很多与水有关的短语。
Proverb
Proverb1Nothing down,Nothing up（不经风雨，怎么见彩虹）You can't succeed without failing.2Misfortunes never come alone（祸不单行）Misfortunes never come singly.3Constant dropping wears the stone（滴水穿石）water constantly dripping wears holes in stone.4Actions speak louder than words.（行胜于言）what you do is more important than you say.5The grass is always greener（别人的总是更好）other people always seem to be in a better situation than you, although they may not be.6Do unto others what you would have them do unto you.（己所不为，勿施于人.）if you don’t like something,then don’t impose on others.7Old habits die hard.（旧习难改）A settled practice is hard to reform.8I go all out.（我全力以赴。
）I’ll try my best.9Haste makes waste.（欲速则不达）Being too anxious to help an event develop often results in thecontrary to our intention.10let’s call it a day.（今天到此为止。
）That’s it for today.11All is over but the shouting.（大势已去）On the decline12Walls have ears.（隔墙有耳）Someone may be listening on the other side of the wall.13Chance favors the prepared mind.（机会总是垂青有准备的人）Opportunities are always for those who are well-prepared.14Red is either altogether good or altogether bad.（脸蛋儿长得俊，不是好到极点，就是坏到透顶。
竹篮打水是成语吗
竹篮打水是成语吗各位读友大家好，此文档由网络收集而来，欢迎您下载，谢谢
该有多少官员是竹篮打水“竹篮打水”是成语。
竹篮打水”
【英译】draw water with a bamboo basket
2、定语、分句；含贬义
【近义词】徒劳无益
【例句】熊召政《张居正》第四卷第16回，劳而无功，还有“竹篮打水一场空”也是成语；指徒劳无益
【近义词】徒劳无益
【例句】梁斌《红旗谱》、定语：“这样一来，竹篮打水一场空了、竹篮打水一场空
zhú lán dǎ shuǐ yī chǎng kōng
【解释】比喻费了力没有效果
【出处】清·惜阴堂主人《二度梅》第15回、竹篮打水
zhú lán dá shuǐ
【解释】比喻白费气力，这一业，如篮盛水走？”
【结构】主谓式成语
【用法】主谓式；作宾语。
竹篮打水
【出处】唐·寒山《诗》之二○八：“咳？”
【结构】复句式成语
【用法】作宾语：“我见瞒人汉，一场欢喜一场空，你我不是竹蓝打水一场空吗，只怕老爷要将小姐许配与他，一气将归家：“这个孩子今日被小姐看出他的面目来了，篮里何曾有。
1
各位读友大家好，此文档由网络收集而来，欢迎您下载，谢谢。
习语idoms
（6）歇后语是中国人在实际生活中创造出来的一种特殊语言 形式，英语中没有这种语言形式。歇后语一般由两个部分组 成：前半部分是形象的比喻，像谜面；后半部分是解释和说 明，像谜底。歇后语分两种：一种是喻义歇后语；另一种是 双关歇后语。 喻义歇后语的比喻比较明确，后半部分实际上是前半部分的 解释和说明。《红楼梦》第二十五回中的一段：“没良心的！ 狗咬吕洞宾——不识好歹。”其英文译文是You ungrateful thing! Like the dog that bit Lu Tungpin --- you bite the hand that feeds you. 双关歇后语不便翻译，即使翻译也很难达意和传神，因为它 利用的是谐音和引申义。如： 老太太的脸蛋——纹皱皱（文绉绉）
（2）形式相似，意义不等。 英汉语中还有部分习语貌似相同，意义并不完全相等，有的意义甚至相差甚远。 a. cast pearls before swine 不等于 “明珠暗投” 英谚的含义是 offer something to someone who can not appreciate it。 汉谚“明珠暗投”是比喻怀才不遇。高适《送魏八》诗曰“此路无知己，明珠莫暗 投。” b. dog eat dog 不等于 “狗咬狗” 英谚意指 a hard struggle to continue to exist, with people completing fiercely against each other。原指动物残暴得吃掉同类，现在主要用语引申义：人吃人，残 酷无情的竞争。 汉语“狗咬狗”是比喻坏人之间互相倾轧，争斗。 c. eat one’s words 不等于 “食言” 英语习语eat one’s words 意指admit to having said something wrong(承认说了错话； 自食其言，收回前言)。 汉语习语“食言”,谓言而无信，不履行承诺。《书. 汤誓》曰：“尔无不信，朕不食 言。”
常见俗语中英文对照
Grow old along with me, the best is yet to be.执子之手，与子偕老。
URL 全球资源定位器（Uniform Resource Locator）When three know it, all know it. 三人知，天下晓。
You cannot see the forest for the trees. 一叶障目，不见泰山。
Treat others as you would like to be treated yourself.己所不欲，勿施于人。
That which one least anticipates soonest comes to pass.天有不测风云，人有旦夕祸福。
Those who are quick to promise are generally slow to perform.轻易许诺言，很少有兑现。
Riches are the root of the all evil. 金钱是万恶之源。
She is a man-killer. 她是个能使所有男人倾倒的女人。
Self-help is the best help. 自助是最大的帮助。
God helps those who help themselves. 天助自助之人。
The road to hell is paved with good intentions. 好愿望不一定有好结果。
Unpleasant advice is good medicine. 忠言逆耳利于行。
Tell me what the hell we are going to do now.告诉我，我们现在到底要做什么。
No man is wise at all times. 智者千虑，必有一失。
The sack is known by the sample.A little straw shows which way the wind blows. 一叶知秋。
成语谚语歇后语及习语的翻译
Go to the bed like a duck to water 坏事一学就会国际上风云变幻the changeable situation in the world星火燎原 A single spark can start a prairie fire.世上无难事，只怕有心人Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.统一不是你吃掉我，也不是我吃掉你Reunification does not mean whether I eat you or you eat me up.血浓于水Blood is thicker than water扫黄to eliminate pornography社会丑恶现象social evils纸老虎paper tiger解铃还需系铃人It is better for the doer to undo what he has done.吃大锅饭to eat from the “big pot”不正之风unhealthy tendency百花齐放，百家争鸣Let a hundred flowers bloom, and a hundred schools contend.杞人忧天unnecessary anxiety (meet trouble halfway)事实胜于雄辩Action speaks louder than words多面手to be versatile / generalist东风压倒西风The east wind prevails over the west wind挽救失足少年to redeem the juvenile delinquents赶超世界先进水平to catch up with and surpass the advanced worldlevel过小康生活to lead a well-off life菜篮子工程“shopping basket” program计划生育family planning路遥知马力，日久见人心As a long road tests a horse’s strength, a long task pro ves a person’s heart. (Time reveals a person’s heart)酒不醉人人自醉It is not wine that intoxicates but the drinker who gets himself drunk.蜗居Pigeonhole; snail house小三The other woman (man)剩女3S lady (single, seventies, stuck)槁木死灰withered wood or cold ashes骨瘦如柴be lean as a rake对牛弹琴To cast pearl before swine众人拾柴火焰高Many hands make light work.竹篮打水一场空To draw water with a sieve挥金如土spend money like waterHoist your sail when the wind is fair. 好风扬快帆A small leak will sink a great ship. 小洞沉大船; 小患不治成大灾您（先）请！After you.前事不忘，后事之师Past experiences, if not forgotten, is a guide for the future. (Lessons learned from the past can serve as a guide in thefuture.)路遥知马力，日久见人心 A long road tests a horse’s strength and a long task proves man’s heart.树倒猢狲散Once the tree falls, the monkeys on it will flee helter-skelter.八仙过海，各显神通The Eight Fairies are the eight immortals of Taoism in Chinese folklore.半边天Half the sky暴发户Instant rich洗手不干Wash one’s hands out of a thing易拉罐Pop-top; pull-top红榜Honor roll垄断Monopoly旺季（淡季）High season/ low season杀手锏Sunday punch一个和尚挑水吃，两个和尚抬水吃，三个和尚没水吃。
和water有关的短语
和w a t e r有关的短语集团文件发布号：（9816-UATWW-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DQQTY-和water有关的短语水和我们的日常生活密切相关，因此英语中也就有了很多与水有关的短语。
来看看下面这些说法，你都知道是什么意思吗？to be in hot water/in deep water：陷入困境keep one's head above water：不负债，免遭灭顶之灾water over the dam：木已成舟，既成事实to hold water：（理论、计划等）证明合理，说得通throw cold water：泼冷水A lot of/much water has flown/run under the bridge since：自从那时起, 已经过了很久above water：脱离困境的as unstable as water：像水一样不稳定，变化无常as weak as water：身体非常虚弱；意志薄弱；性格懦弱back water：退缩；死气沉沉的状态；文化落后的地方bring the water to one's mouth(=make one's mouth water)：使某人垂涎Don't cast out the foul water till you bring in the clean(=Don't throw out your dirty water until you get in fresh)：清水未来，莫泼脏水Draw water in/with a sieve(=pour water into a sieve)：竹篮打水一场空draw water to one's own mill：处处为自己打算；谋取私利fish in troubled/muddy waters：混水摸鱼；趁火打劫get to/reach smooth water：安然摆脱困境；进入顺境get/wring water from a flint：缘木求鱼He knows the water the best who has waded through it：要知河深浅，须问过来人in low water：缺钱，经济拮据in rough / troubled water：灾难深重in smooth water：处于顺境中；日子好过like water off a duck's back：不起作用；毫无影响limn on water：瞬刻即逝，徒劳无益Much water runs by the mill that the miller knows not of：我们眼前所发生的事情, 有许多是我们不知道的No safe wading in an unknown water(=Wade not in unknown waters)：不知水深浅, 千万莫轻涉Salt water and absence wash away love：远航久别恩情疏spend like water：挥霍无度Still waters run deep (=Smooth waters run deep)：静水流深；沉默者深谋Stolen waters are sweet：偷欢最乐Too much water drowned the miller：过犹不及oil on troubled waters：调停纠纷；息事宁人We never know the worth of water till the well is dry：井干方知水可贵written in water：(名声、成就)转眼即逝的；昙花一现的Water finds its (own) level：水往低处流?waters of forgetfulness：忘川(俗传阴间有条河, 饮其水则忘掉生前的一切)；忘记。
用竹篮打水 把煤炭洗干净作文
用竹篮打水把煤炭洗干净作文英文回答:To wash coal clean using a bamboo basket to fetch water is indeed a challenging task. However, with determination and the right technique, it can be accomplished. The process involves several steps, each requiring careful attention and effort.Firstly, I would fill the bamboo basket with water from a nearby source, such as a river or well. I would then carry the basket back to where the coal is located. Care must be taken not to spill any water during the journey, as every drop is precious in this task.Once I reach the coal, I would carefully pour the water over it, ensuring that every piece is thoroughly soaked. This step helps to loosen the dirt and impurities attached to the coal's surface. I would repeat this process multiple times, making sure to cover all the coal pieces.After the coal is adequately wet, I would begin the washing process. Using my hands, I would rub the coal gently, allowing the water to remove the dirt and grime. This step requires patience and attention to detail, as I need to ensure that every piece of coal is properly cleaned.As I continue to wash the coal, I would periodically change the water in the bamboo basket. This is necessary to prevent the accumulation of dirt and impurities in the water, which could hinder the cleaning process. By using fresh water, I can ensure that the coal is thoroughly cleaned.Once I am satisfied with the cleanliness of the coal, I would drain the water from the bamboo basket and carefully transfer the washed coal to a drying area. Here, the coal would be spread out and left to dry under the sun. Thisstep is crucial to ensure that the coal is completely dry before it can be used.中文回答：用竹篮打水来洗煤炭确实是一项具有挑战性的任务。
歇后语和成语
一死一生，乃知交情；一贫一富，乃知交 态；一贵一贱，交情乃见。 Adversity is the touchstone of friendship. 上海有些小市民精明而不聪明。 Some of small potatoes in Shanghai are penny wise and pound foolish.
At the end of one’s rope 山穷水尽 Like fish out of water 很不自在 To be cat’s paws 被人利用
矮子里拔将军 Choose a giant from among dwarfs—try to get the pick of the basket
八仙过海，各显神通 Like the Eight Immortals crossing the sea, each one shows his or her special power. 事实胜于雄辩 Facts speak louder than words.
New wine in old bottles 旧瓶新酒，换汤不换药 Eye for eye, teeth for teeth 以眼还眼，以牙还牙 Love is blind. 情人眼里出西施。 A dog in the manger 在其位不谋其政者
When wine sinks, words swim. 美酒一下肚，话匣关不住. Words are but wind, but seeing is believing. 耳听为虚，眼见为实 Walls have ears. 隔墙有耳. A blind man will not thank you for a looking-glass. 秋波送盲，白费痴情.
班门弄斧 supplement: to show off one’s skill with the axe before Lu Ban the master carpenter replacement: to teach a fish how to swim 不到黄河心不死 paraphrase: refuse to give up until all hope is gone not stop until one reaches one’s goal
倒霉的各种常用表达
倒霉to go through a bad / difficult / rough / sticky patch经历困难时期/倒霉时期《摩登家庭》里有一句话：I'm sorry. I went through a bad patch there, when I was trying to find the right balance with my Meds.很抱歉，那是我的人生低谷，吃药吃的有点多。
meds：abbr. medicines医药例：Did you take your Meds? 你吃药了吗？Just my luck!真倒霉！我们都知道英语单词luck所表达的意思是“运气”。
所以看到It was just my luck.很容易就会理解为“那是我的运气”。
但实际上它正确的意思为“我一向的坏运气，霉运”。
例：They sold the last ticket five minutes before I got there - just my luck!在我到那儿的5分钟前他们卖掉了最后一张票——真倒霉！everything but the locusts倒霉到家了，就差没闹蝗灾了locust（[ˈləʊkəst]）是蝗虫，所以这个短语的意思就是：除了没闹蝗灾，什么都有了；可见还真不是什么好事儿啊。
估计这个短语是辛勤劳动的农民伯伯发明的。
因为啊，他们辛辛苦苦的种庄稼，这一年到头就怕闹蝗灾了。
要是真是如此，那可是to pour water into a sieve（竹篮打水一场空啊）”。
例：Oh, I've had everything but the locusts. 哎，今天真是倒霉到家了。
sieve [siv] n-countA sieve is a tool used for separating solids from liquids or larger pieces of something from smaller pieces. It consists of a metal or plastic ring with a wire or plastic net underneath, which the liquid or smaller pieces pass through.Press the raspberries through a fine sieve to form a puree.用一个细筛子将山莓压碎过滤，以制成山莓泥。
英汉文化差异研究教案
Cultural Differences between English and Chinese Culture The New World Encyclopedia"It is the totality of the spiritual，intellectual，and artistic attitudes shared by a group，including its tradition, habits, social customs，morals，laws，and social relations, Sociologically，every society，on every level，has its culture；the term has no implications of high development."（注解：这一定义显然排除了物质文明发展水平的高低，而是指人类的精神文明或精神成果的总和，包括艺术、传统、习惯、社会风俗、道德伦理、法的观念和社会关系等。
）王佐良说："……翻译者必须是一个真正意义的文化人。
人们全说：他必须掌握两种语言，确实如此；但是，不了解语言当中的社会文化，谁也无法真正掌握语言。
"（《翻译中的文化比较》，1984．1．《翻译通讯》）。
谭载喜说："翻译中对原文意思的理解，远远不是单纯的语言理解问题。
语言是文化的组成部分，它受着文化的影响和制约。
……在翻译过程中，译者对某段文字理解的正确与否，在很大程度上取决于他对有关文化的了解。
……对于译者来说，没有两种文化的对比知识，就无从谈起对语言文字的正确理解与表达。
"只要进行一下翻译实践或看一下翻译论著，就会发现这些话是千真万确的。
这就是英语中所说"Learning a language is a kind of learning the culture and habit of the country where the language is spoken，"I.文化背景上的不同中国以农立国，因此农谚居多。
高中学生研究性学习成果展示(48)：水的浪漫
• 请看视频
• 1.化学性质： • 水的热稳定性很强，水蒸气加热到2000K以上， 也只有极少量离解为氢和氧，但蒸馏水在通直流 电的条件下会离解为氢气和氧气。具有很大的内 聚力和表面张力，除汞以外，水的表面张力最大， 并能产生较明显的毛细现象和吸附现象。纯水没 有导电能力，普通的水含有少量电解质而有导电 能力。 • 水本身也是良好的溶剂，大部分无机化合物可溶 于水。 • 在-213.16℃，水分子会表现出现厌水性。
• 一．水的存在 • 1、细胞中的水 • 水是活细胞含量最多的化合物，约占细胞鲜重的80％～ 90％，在干种子和休眠时的种子中含水量较少。水在细胞 中以结合水和自由水两种形式存在，结合水在细胞中与某 些大分子（如蛋白质）结合，自由水存在于多种细胞器 （如线粒体、叶绿体、液泡等）和细胞质基质中。 • 2、细胞外液中的水 • 多细胞植物的细胞间隙、各种分泌物（如某些浆汁等）和 多细胞动物的内环境、分泌物（如消化液、泪液等）、排 泄物（如尿液、汗液等）都含有水。 • 3、生态环境中的水、大气、水体、土壤等非生物环境中 都含有水。
二.水的化学作用：
1.补充营养和参与机体各种代谢的作用。在饮用 水中，含有许多丰富的矿物质，如钙、镁、铁、 铜、铬、锰等元素，这些元素含量适当则对人体 健康有益。同时，水还可以帮助机体消化食物、 吸收营养、排除废物、参与调节体内酸碱平衡和 体温，并在各器官之间起润滑作用。 • 2.运输的媒介作用。水作为体内一切化学反应的 媒介，是各种营养素和物质运输的介质。 • • 3. 提供氧气、提供养分、容纳养殖对象的代谢废 物、传播病害毒物、溶解分散的药物。
• • • • • • • • • • •
No safe wading in an unknown water Wade not in unknown waters 不知水深浅, 千万莫轻涉 Salt water and absence wash away love。 远航久别恩情疏 Spend like water：挥霍无度 Water and oil: 水火不容 Still waters run deep (=Smooth waters run deep) 静水流深；沉默者深谋 Too much water drowned the miller：过犹不及 We never know the worth of water till the well is dry： 井干方知水可贵 • Written in water：(名声、成就)转眼即逝的；昙花一现的 • Water finds its level：水往低处流
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
draw water with a sieve 竹篮打水一场空
When we see somebody try his best to finish a task, but at last, this guy doesn’t success, we can say he drew water with a sieve. In our daily life, we may often hear or say this old Chinese saying. But I think, not all of us know the origin of this saying. Here is an old legend.
Once upon a time, a man called Liang Qi wants to be a god, so he does many things. Later, his story is heard by a god, so the god finds Liang Qi and has a talk with him. The god says, if you really want to be a god, you can bring a bamboo basket to the river and use it to draw water three times everyday. When the basket is filled with water, your dream will come true so that you become a god. Liang Qi thinks, there are many small holes on the baskte, how can I use it to draw water? But later he thinks god can’t trick me. So Liang Qi goes to the river to draw water with the basket everyday. Ten years later, to his surprise, the basket can hold some water. So he works harder to draw water.
One day, a child who will drown asks for help in the river, but Liang Qi doesn’t give him a hand and keeps drawing water. When he puts the basket up, the basket is filled with water, so he is very happy. He will be a god soon. But suddenly, the water goes back to the river. And the god appears, he says to Liang Qi shamefully, just now, you can be a god, but you lose your
sympathy, you didn’t help others. You don’t deserve to be a god. Later, people use this saying to often used these words to describe someone tries their best to finish a task but doesn’t success.。