肯定与否定的翻译页
英语否定转移翻译ppt课件
主句的谓语动gine,expect,fancy等表示‘认为’, ‘猜想’的动词时,其后宾语从句中的否定词 not应该移至主句中
He didn’t go to school by bus.(=He goes to school not by bus.) 他不是乘公交车去上学.
Rome was not built in a day.(=Rome was built not in a day.) 罗马并非一日建成.
六、暗含否定(Implied Negation)
从前线回来的人说起白求恩,没有一个不佩 服,没有一个不为他的精神所感动.
Before Iiberation he was a cart—driver who could hardIy keep body and soul together,let alone support his family.
三、双重否定(Double Negation)
否定之否定。实际上是肯定。但其语气较强。无 论该否定是形式上的还是意义上的,在翻译时, 应根据句子语气翻译成肯定句或双重否定句.
I wouldn’t be saying this unless I were sure of the facts. 要是我对这些事情没有把握,我就不说这话了。
解放前,他是个赶大车的,连自己的生活 都难以维持,更不用说养家了.
At that time we didn’t have computers,to say nothing of e-mail and Internet.
那时,我们连电脑都没有,更不用说电子 邮件和因特网了。
[英语学习]肯定与否定的翻译
无疑,他是一位有进取心的青年人。
What he said is beside the question.
他说的与本题无关。
Good advice is without price.
好的建议是无价的。 It is far from him to do anything to hurt
肯定与否定的翻译
一、英语肯定、汉语否定
形式上,英语采用肯定句式,但实际在含蓄表达否定 意义,翻译成汉语时用否定。 (1)动词 英语中含有否定的动词有:fail, miss, lack, ignore, escape, refuse, withhold, neglect, deny, overlook, exclude, differ, forbid, defy, hate, etc.. 动词词组:keep… from…, refrain…from… Eg. To our disappointment, he failed to take the overall situation into account. 使我们失望的是他不顾大局。
He was deaf to all advice.
他不听一切劝告。 I am glad to see you safe and sound. 我很高兴看到你安然无恙。 He would be the last man to say such
things. 他决不会说这种话。
She went to the airport to meet her friend, but she missed her in the crowd.
她去机场接她的朋友,可是没能在人群中见到她。
Байду номын сангаас
研究生翻译第八章肯定与否定
第八章肯定与否定1.They often talk horse. 他们常常吹牛。
2.That woman walks the streets. 那个妇女是妓女。
3.I’ll report that official. 我要检举那位官员。
4.The machine is in repair. 那台机器状况良好。
5.We’ll stand up to the project. 我们将抵制这个计划。
6.Don’t make a fuss of them! 别讨好他们!7.She is in the dock. 她在被告席。
8.The boss gave her the sack. 老板解雇了她。
9.That girl student is in the green. 那位女学正值豆蔻年华。
10.The old lady has gone to her rest. 那个老太太安息了。
11.That young man has lost his heart. 那个青年人处于热恋之中。
12. The old man often takes his medicine. 那老人常忍受不愉快的事。
13. That fellow did hard labor for 3 years. 那个家伙服过三年劳役。
14. The woman in labor is his wife.分娩的妇女是他的妻子15.I’m not a little afraid of snakes我很怕蛇。
16. We charged him to quit his job. 我们责令他辞职。
17.They surprised him stealing. 他们撞上他偷东西。
18. I have seen him through. 我帮助他过难关。
19.He is the Speaker. 他是议长。
20. Where is the Book? 圣经在哪?21.Do you know anything about japan? 你了解日本漆吗?22.I bought some salts yesterday.我昨天买了一些泻药。
句子翻译(三)+ 肯否定转换
All that glitters is not gold.
最近我收到的邮件不太多。
I haven’t received much mail recently.
④ 汉语用“几乎不、很少”表示“半否定”
Far from: Free from: Not …because Not…more Half, nearly, possible 和 not 用在一起时 Not nearly根本不像 could not possibly用来加强语气,不能译为 “不可能”。
(4) 双重否定的使用
Too…to 不是只在见到 “太…以致于不能”才用 only too… to I am only too delighted to accept your kind
invitation.我接到你的盛情邀请太高兴了。 Not/never too… to相当于 not so …that …not…/ 而too… not to…等于so…that…cannot but Cannot…too…等于it is impossible for us to over+ 原形动词。
英语中有一类含有否定意义的词,它们形式上是肯
定的,但意义是否定的,在翻译汉语否定句时,可 直接使用,而不必再加否定助词no,not等。此类英 语词包括: 动词avoid,deny,doubt,escape,exclude,fail, ignore,keep...from,lack,miss,refuse,refrain from,remove from,neglect,overlook,save等; 名词absence,exclusion,exception,failure, ignorance,lack,neglect,refusal等;
ch7正反译法
正说反译和反说正译
negation
第一页,编辑于星期三:三点 五十二分。
We will live up to what our parents expect of us.
我们不能辜负父母的期望。
I do not doubt that he will be appointed sales manager of the company.
Appearances are deceptive. 外貌是靠不住的。
第二十一页,编辑于星期三:三点 五十二分。
It+be+adj.+noun+that…
It is a wise father that he knows his own child. It is a long lane that has no turning. 聪明的父亲也未必了解他自己的孩子。
3.He aims at inhuman perfection in everything he does.
4. Styles come and go, but good taste is timeless. 5.Suddenly he heard a sound behind him, and realized he
第十二页,编辑于星期三:三点 五十二分。
(4)adverbs
little 一点不 hardly 几乎不 seldom 不常
barely 几乎不/无遮蔽的 may safely say so. 我们这样说万无一失(或:错不了)。
2.——The boy is quite clever. 这孩子很聪明。
(2) adjectives:
Ignorant 无知的
翻译技巧7肯定与否定-表达转换译法.
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英语中这类否定大多是用否定词来表示。否定词 覆盖面很广,包括名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、 介词、连词等。其否定形式复杂多样,除了使用否定 词外,还大量使用否定词缀,如“dis-, il-, in-, im-, ir-, non-, un-, anti-, -less, under-”等;形式肯定意 义否定的动词如 “avoid, ban, call off, cancel,
表达转换译法
Affirmative & Negative Expressions in Translation
退出
表达转换译法
Affirmative & Negative Expressions in Translation
表达转换译法亦称“正说反译法”、“正反译 法”、“反正、正反表达法”,即以“正”译“反” 或以“反”译“正”来表达原语的内容。由于民族、 文化、思维方式、语言表达等众多方面的差异,一 种语言用正面讲的话,另一种语言无法直白原语的 内容,为求语用、修辞相当、或出于语言习惯要用 相反的方式表达出来,用否定的说法来表达原语肯 定的形式,或以肯定的说法来表达原语否定的形式。
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又比如,有一位老大爷,骑自行车的技术 还算可以,常在人堆里骑行而不愿下车。有一 次,他却惹了麻烦,车前轮撞上了一位先生, 这位先生人高马大,这下可好看了,非闹一场 不可!可这位先生却冲他噗嗤一笑:“呦!看 你年纪不少,技术还不错咧!” 这话 “社会 效益”好,用肯定的方式表达了否定的意义, 把老大爷给臊了个大红脸,其效果比打还厉害。
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例1:An opportunity is not likely to repeat itself.
翻译技巧7肯定与否定-表达转换译法.
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英语中这类否定大多是用否定词来表示。否定词 覆盖面很广,包括名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、 介词、连词等。其否定形式复杂多样,除了使用否定 词外,还大量使用否定词缀,如“dis-, il-, in-, im-, ir-, non-, un-, anti-, -less, under-”等;形式肯定意 义否定的动词如 “avoid, ban, call off, cancel,
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补充例句 例1:We never thought of nothing wrong.
(=We never thought of anything wrong.) 【译文】我们从来没想到有什么错误。(重复否定) 例2:Waste not, want not. (=If you don’t
【译文】这些事引起了我们的重视。 例2:He has no small chance of success. 【译文】他大有成功的可能。 例3:Nothing is useless to man. 【译文】样样东西都有用。(双重否定用来表示强烈肯定)
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补充例句
例4:The thought of returning to his native land never deserted him amid his tribulation.
【译文】在波兰这里,人们真不懂得怎么吃。老 是鸡汤面条、面条鸡汤。面条算什么饭—— 一碗水,只胀大了肚皮。
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例4:No man can have too much knowledge and practice.
【译文】知识和实践越多越好。 例5:That’s not a man that lives who does
正反译法
1.2.
Verb 1) He hates going to work late. 他不喜欢上班迟到。 (hate 可译作“不愿”,“不喜欢”。)
2)
The doctor lost his patient. 医生没把病人治好。 (lose 可译作“未能……治好”。) 3) The motor refused to start. 马达开不动。 (refuse 表示“不愿”、“不肯”、“无 法”。)
作为名词用的含蓄否定词还有: defiance
(不顾,无视) denial (否认,否定) exclusion (排除) freedom (不,免除) lack (无,缺乏) failure (不成功,不足,不履行) refusal ( 不愿,不允许) loss (失去)
The U.S.A accepted the peace proposal with dignity. 美国不失体面地接受了这项和平方案。
I can't agree with you more. 我完全同意。 We couldn't be more mistaken. 你们大错特错了。
正反译法
nagation
Translation
Negation: When English words or sentences contain the negative meaning or the words never, no, not, or suffix non-,un-,im-, in-,ir-,-less, etc and Chinese words or sentences contain the negative meaning or the characters“不”、“没”、“无”、“未”、 “甭”、“别”、“休”、“莫”、“非”、 “毋”、“勿”etc,these words or sentences are called negative expression
Lecture 6-肯定与否定
五、英语否定的“陷阱”
4. It is + adj. + n. + that …(否定) It’s a good horse that never stumbles. 好马也有失蹄时。 It is a good workman that never blunders. 智者千虑,必有一失。
Exe.
I have read your article, and I expected to meet an older man. 我看过你的文章,没想到你这么年轻。 Western society cannot bring the remaining 5.1 billion people in less developed countries up to the Western consumptive “standard of living” without exhausting the earth’s resources. 西方社会要让欠发达国家的 51亿人口都达到西方消 耗型的”生活标准“,必然将地球的资源消耗殆尽。 No one ever gave me directions like this on a golf course before: “Aim at either Microsoft or IBM.” 平生第一次有人在高尔夫球场向我发出这样的指令: “瞄准微软或IBM方向。”
二、英语肯定译为汉语否定
1. 常见于标示语、警示语。
Keep upright! Keep off the lawn! Wet paint! Staff only. More on P.170
切勿倒置。 请勿践踏草地!
油漆未干!
非职员请勿入内。/闲人免入
2. 英语的肯定形式中包含一类特殊的表达,即具有肯 定的形式,而语义中有明显否定含义的词、短语, 对这类表达也可采用反译的方法。 1)动词或动词短语:deny, miss, fail, refrain , neglect, refuse, lack, exclude, ignore, escape, keep from, protect from,etc; 2)名词:ignorance, absence, zero , vacancy, failure, refusal, etc; 3)形容词或形容词短语:little, ignorant, absent , free, difficult, afraid of, safe from, short of, etc;
英语否定句及其翻译
2013-03-26 11:00:14 来源:爱词霸编辑:zhouzhichao 点击:2307次英语否定句及其翻译意思否定的肯定句英语中有许多句子,形式上是肯定的,但是其意思却是否定的,这是因为英语中有许多表示否定意思的词和词组。
首先一类是所谓“准否定词,包括few, little, hardly, rarely, scarcely, barely, seldom:Few people have ever seen him get out of that house. 几乎没什么人看见他从那间屋子里出来过。
He has seen little of life.。
他不懂什么世故(没有见过什么世面)。
I can hardly read the original without a dictionary. 不借助于词典我简直看不懂原著。
People rarely see this kind of plant in blossom. 人们很少见到过(几乎没有见到过)这种植物开花。
We scarcely ever need it; take it away.我们极难得需要它(几乎用不着它);把它拿走。
需要注意的是,英语里一般都用这类“准否定词”表示“几乎不”的意思,而不说almost not.其次,英语中有许多动词含有否定的意思。
请看下列例句:The door simply refused to open.门根本就打不开。
The error of calculation escaped the accountant. 会计没有注意到这一计算错误。
He ignored the whole speech of the schoolmaster. 他根本就没有听校长的讲话。
The boy tried by every means to avoid being caught by his father. 那孩子想方设法不让父亲逮住他。
肯定与否定的翻译
(2)名词
表示否定的名词有: 表示否定的名词有:absence, avoidance, failure, denial, refusal, freedom, loss, lack, ignorance, defiance, embarrassment, etc.. Eg: His absence of mind during the driving nearly caused an accident. 他开车时心不在焉 几乎闯祸。 心不在焉, 他开车时心不在焉,几乎闯祸。
Her child was in a terrible state of neglect. 她的孩子简直没人管 没人管。 她的孩子简直没人管。 He coughed with embarrassment. 他不自然地咳嗽 咳嗽。 他不自然地咳嗽。 A lack of awareness of cultural differences or local customs can create problems. 不注意文化差异和当地的习俗可能会出 问题。 问题。
The boss could fire any employee who had ever displeased him. 老板可以开除任何得罪过他的雇员。 得罪过他的雇员 老板可以开除任何得罪过他的雇员。 How often has he not complained about the weather here! 他经常抱怨这里的天气。 抱怨这里的天气 他经常抱怨这里的天气。
What he said is beside the question. 他说的与本题无关 无关。 他说的与本题无关。 Good advice is without price. 好的建议是无价 无价的 好的建议是无价的。 It is far from him to do anything to hurt you . 决不会做任何伤害你的事情 做任何伤害你的事情。 他决不会做任何伤害你的事情。
否定句的翻译
discussion of this issue. 继续公开讨论这一话题是大有用处的。 There is no untroubled place in this troubled
world. 这多灾多难的世界没有任何太平的乐土。
用肯定的形式表达否定的意思(反话正说) You could have come at a better time. 你来的真不是时候。/ 你本来可以在更合适的时间
双重否定表间接肯定 To my no small astonishment, I found the
house on fire. 我发现房子着了火,这使我大吃一惊。 It serves no little purpose to continueቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱpublic
He can’t see you quickly enough.
他很想尽快地与你见面。
用否定的形式表达肯定的意思(正话反说) He didn’t half like that girl. 他非常喜欢那女孩。
I couldn’t feel better.
我觉得身体好极了。 If that isn’t what I want! 我所要的就是这个呀!
英译汉否定句的英译
公共场合请勿吐痰。 Please refrain from spitting in the public places.
下雨了,他没法出去。 Rain prevented him from going out.
欺骗与他的本质格格不入。 Deception is foreign to his nature.
这头大象不像一堵墙,不像长矛,不像 蛇,不像树也不像扇子。 The elephant isn’t like a wall or a spear, or a snake, or a tree, neither is he like a fan.
解放前,他是个赶大车的,连自己的生活 都难以维持,更不用说养家了。 Before liberation he was a cart-driver who could hardly keep body and soul together, let alone support his family.
Gases cannot be quickly compressed without generating heat. 气体迅速压缩就一定会产生热量。
The flowing of electricity through a wire is not unlike that of water through a pipe. 电流通过导线就像水流过管子一样。
否定句翻译
全部否定
否定句含believe, consider, expect, fancy, fear, hope, feel, imagine, suppose, think, trust 等表 心理活动的动词时, not 通常否定该动词后 面的内容
科学家们认为, 计算机不可能在所有领域 中都代替人。 Scientists do not believe that computers can replace man in every field.
英译汉第六章
Unit 6Affirmative and Negative肯定与否定英语否定类型大致有4类完全否定,半否定,部分否定,带否定意义的词语,迂回否定翻译方法正说反译,反说正译,正反均可需要根据英语及汉语的习惯表达。
Scarcely an aspect that isn’t being upended方方面面无不受到冲击Without much time for life --- or love很少有时间享受生活或谈情说爱They weren’t picked because they were out of shape他们没有得到异性的青睐是因为体型不佳What affirmative in form in one language may often mean something negative in another.Full negatives: no, not, none, never, nothing, nothing, nobody, nowhere, neither, nor.Semi negatives: hardly, scarcely, seldom, barely, few, little…Partial negatives: not every, not all, not both, not much, not many, not always….Words with negative implication: fail, without, beyond, until, unless, lest , ignorant, refrain, refuse, neglect, absence, instead of, other than, except, rather than….In most cases, these negative expressions can be translated literally, but in some circumstances, they should be readjusted according to different context.英语肯定,汉语否定He denied it to be the case他说事实不是这样Time is what we want most, but what, alas, many use worst时间是我们最缺少的,但可叹的是,偏偏许多人最不善于利用I have read your article, I expected to meet an older man拜读了你的大作,没想到你这样年轻。
否定和肯定的翻译转换
❖ 1. The new invention seems to defy the law of science.
❖ 这项发明看来不符合科学规律。
❖ 2. If you fail to settle the payment in two weeks, we’ll have to pass the matter to our legal department.
each other.
2. Before the receipt has been signed, ❖ the money must not be paid. ❖ 肯定:付款之前,收据应签字。 ❖ 否定:收据尚未签字之前,不得付款。
3.他抱怨名单上没有他的名字。 ❖ 否定:He plained that his name is not
❖ 3 迂回表达法: 不直接说“不”字。 ❖ 通过一些含有极限或超过极限的词或短语, 如
:the last, the least, the limit, little, few, above, beneath, beyond,等; ❖ 还通过一些特定的表达结构, 如:… but, too…to , too…for, 等。
❖ 我们得克服淡水不足引起的麻烦。
❖ 3 含否定意义的形容词或形容词短语 如: missing, far from, free from, short of, blind of, deaf of, dead to, ignorant 等。
❖ 1: How can he be expected to be a statesman as he is ignorant of the basic facts of such a matter
英语翻译技巧否定的翻译
英语翻译技巧否定的翻译一部分否定和全部否定1.部分否定当not出现在含有表示全部肯定的不定代词all,every-,both等时,不管是之前还是之后,即表示整体中的一部分被否定。
译为“并非一切⋯⋯都”或“并非都是”1三者或三者以上的部分否定,当not出现在含有表示全部肯定的不定代词——al1,every,everyone,everybody,everything的句子中如:Not all birds can fly./All birds can’t fly.不是所有的鸟儿都能飞。
Not everyone thinks that the government is being particularly generous.并非所有人都认为政府特别慷慨。
All his haste was of no use.他白忙了。
总括性副词everywhere,wholly完全地,全部,统统,always,altogether etc.这些词和not连用时也表示部分否定。
Acid rain is not straightforwardly1 attributable to the burning of coal.酸雨并非简单地由烧煤造成。
2两者的部分否定——由not 和both组成Not both the artists have a keen eye for beauty. =both of the artists don’’t have a keen eye for beauty.这两位艺术家并非都有审美的眼光.一定要记住是“并非都”,很容易出错的!2. 全部否定1英语中表示三者以上的“全不”时,常用否定词语no one,none,nothing,nobody,never,nowhere,not⋯any以及no+名词等,表示全部否定。
No one knew how to treat this dreaded2 disease.没人知道如何治疗这种可怕的疾病。
英译汉否定句的英译
那部车无法爬上那个山坡。 The car failed to climb the hill. 他们不准这陌生人进入室内。 They excluded the stranger from entering the room. 你没有射中靶子。 You have just missed the target.
含否定意义的动词
动词(词组) : 英语中有不少动词或动词词组, 形式 肯定,却暗含否定概念, 所以汉译时用反译法译成 否定句。常见的有: fail, forbid, forget, deny, hesitate, lack, wonder, miss, lose, neglect, ignore, escape, resist, decline, doubt, reject, deprive, refrain, free/keep/save/protect/prevent/stop/ persuade ⋯ from
公共场合请勿吐痰。 Please refrain from spitting in the public places.
下雨了,他没法出去。 Rain prevented him from going out.
欺骗与他的本质格格不入。 Deception is foreign to his nature.
2) more than+ 含有can 的从句这种结构表面是 超出限度, 实际上是一种力所不能及的否定, 译为“不能”。
那地方景色之美非笔墨所能形容。 The beauty of the place is more than I can describe.
3) be + anything but+ 名词/形容词该结构是一 种语气很强的否定表达方式, 译为“根本不 是”、“一点也不”。
肯定与否定的翻译39页PPT
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肯定与否定的翻译
46、法律有权打破平静。——马·格林 47、在一千磅法律里,没有一盎司仁 爱。— —英国
48、法律一多,公正就少。——托·富 勒 49、犯罪总是以惩罚相补偿;只有处 罚才能 使犯罪 得到偿 还。— —达雷 尔
50、弱者比强者更能得到法律的保护 得舒适、愉快,这是不可能的,因为人类必须具备一种能应付逆境的态度。——卢梭
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27、只有把抱怨环境的心情,化为上进的力量,才是成功的保证。——罗曼·罗兰
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28、知之者不如好之者,好之者不如乐之者。——孔子
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29、勇猛、大胆和坚定的决心能够抵得上武器的精良。——达·芬奇
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30、意志是一个强壮的盲人,倚靠在明眼的跛子肩上。——叔本华
肯、否定句
肯定句与否定句
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汉语肯定句的翻译
• 对事物作出肯定判断的句子叫肯定句,肯定句的句中没有 否定词,句子表示“是”。
• 通常,汉语的肯定句译成英语也是肯定句。例如:
• • • • (1)一个地球村正在地平线上出现。 A global village is looming on the horizon。 (2)人就是人,是自己命运的主人。 For man is man and master of his fate.
1.我不喜欢这部电影。 I don't like this movie.
2.他这样说毫无道理。 He said that doesn't make sense.
3.科学家们认为, 计算机不可能在所有领域中都代替人。 Scientists do not believe that computers can replace man in every field.
我觉得像你这样的人,哪怕天下的男人都死光了,我也不 愿意嫁给你。 I felt that you were the last man in the world whom I could ever be prevailed on to marry.
• 4.公共场合请勿吐痰。 • Please refrain from spitting in the public places.
• 5.下雨了,他没法出去。 • Rain prevented him from going out. • 6.他所做的事没有达到要求。 • What he has done falls short of the requirements.