高中化学常见的无机化学方程式
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
高中化学常见的无机化学方程式
一.卤族
点燃101.Cu+Cl→CuCl 22光/点燃102.H+Cl→2HCl 22点燃103.2Fe+3Cl→2FeCl
32104.2KI+Cl→2KCl+I 22105.SO+Cl+2HO→HSO+2HCl 42222106.Cl+HOHCl+HClO 22107.Cl+2NaOH→NaCl+NaClO+HO
22108.3Cl+6KOH(浓、热)→5KCl+KClO+3HO 232109.2Cl+2Ca(OH)→CaCl+Ca(ClO)+2HO 22222△110.MnO+4HCl(浓)→MnCl+Cl↑+2HO 2222111.2KMnO+16HCl→2KCl+2MnCl+5Cl ↑+8HO 2224112.KClO+6HCl(浓)→KCl+3Cl↑+3HO 223113.2KI+2FeCl→2FeCl+I+2KCl
223-114.Ag+Cl→AgCl↓+光115.2HClO→2HCl+O↑2116.2F+2HO→4HF+O↑222117.SiO+4HF→SiF↑+2HO 224△118.2Fe+3Br→2FeBr 32△119.Fe+I→FeI 22水???Zn+I 120.ZnI22+ +2HClO
CaCl+2HCl.Ca(ClO)→12122 +2HClO )O→Ca(HCO122.Ca(ClO)+2CO+2H22322 +2HClO ↓→CaCO.Ca(ClO)+CO+HO1233222 +HClO →NaHCO.NaClO+CO+HO124322
二.氧族△↑+MnO+OMnO201.2KMnO→K22244MnO????2 202.2H2HO+OO↑2222△203.Fe+S→FeS
△204.2Cu+ S→CuS
2.
205.HS+Br→S+2HBr
22206.HS+ HSO(浓)→S↓+SO↑+2HO 22224207.2 HS(ag)+O→2S↓+2HO 222208.2 HS+ SO→3S+2HO
222209.HS+2FeCl→S↓+2FeCl+2HCl 223点燃210.2 HS+3O→2SO+2HO(完全燃烧)2222211.HS+2NaOH(过量)→NaS+2HO 222212.HS+NaOH→NaHS+HO 22213.HS+CuSO →CuS↓+HSO4
224214.FeS+ HSO(稀)→HS↑+FeSO FeS+ 2H→HS↑+Fe 2++22244215.SO+Ca (OH)→CaSO↓(白)+HO 2232216.SO(过量)+NaHCO→NaHSO+CO↑2233
2SO217.2SO + O322
催+NO
SO→218.SO+ NO322O ↑+H+ HSO(较浓)→NaSO+ SO219.NaSO22234224O +HNaSO+S ↓+SO↑+H220.NaSOSO→224223242△O +2H→CuSO+ SO↑221.Cu+2HSO(浓)24422△O CO ↑+2 SO↑+2H222.C+2HSO(浓)→22422常温SO钝化(浓)→223.Al(或Fe)+H42O ↑+4 HS224.8HI+ HSO(浓)→4I+ H22224高温+8SO2FeO225.4FeS+11O→2
2232(可用HSO98.3% HSO吸收)+H226.SOO→422324
三.氮族
2NH + 3H301.N322
点燃N3Mg+N302.→Mg2322NO +O303.N 22
Pt
304.4NH+5O →4NO+ 6HO 232△点燃305.4NH+3O(纯)→2N+ 6HO
2223.
306.2 NH+3Cl→N+6 HCl 232307.8 NH+3Cl→N+6 NH Cl 4232△308.2 NH+3CuO→3Cu+
N+3HO 223-O+OH+ HONHNH·H309.NH+42233△310.2 NHCl+Ca(OH)→CaCl+ 2HO+ 2NH↑34222NH·HO+H 311.NH+ HO++2342△-312.NH+OH→NH↑+HO +243313.2NO+O→2NO 22314.4NO+3O+2HO→4HNO 322315.3NO+HO→2HNO+NO 322316.4NO+O+2HO→4HNO 3222317.8NH+6NO →7N +12HO 2232光/△318.4HNO→4NO ↑+O↑+2HO
2322319.Cu+4HNO(浓)→Cu(NO)+2NO↑+2HO 23232320.3Cu+8HNO(稀)→3Cu(NO)+2NO↑+4HO 2233常温321.Fe、Al+HNO(浓)→钝化3△322.Fe+6HNO(浓)→Fe(NO)+3NO↑+3HO 23323323.Fe+4HNO(稀)→Fe(NO)+NO↑+2HO 2333(过量)324.3Fe+8HNO(稀)→3Fe(NO)+2NO↑+4HO 2323(过量)
325.4Zn+10HNO(极稀)→4Zn(NO)+NO↑+5HO 23232326.4Zn+10HNO(极稀)→4Zn (NO)+NHNO+3HO 233423△327.C+4HNO(浓)→CO↑+4NO↑+2HO 2232△328.2NaNO →2NaNO+O↑232△329.2Cu(NO)→2CuO+4NO↑+O↑2322△330.2AgNO→2Ag+2NO ↑+O↑232
四.碳族
高温401.CO+C→2CO 2△↑Cu+CO→CuO+C.402.
△403.2CuO+C→2Cu+CO↑2--HCO(过量)+OH→404.CO32--O
+H(过量)→CO405.CO+2OH2223--O
CaCO↓+H→406.HCO+Ca+OH2+233---O ↓+CO+2H.2HCO+Ca+2OH→CaCO40722+2333O Na SiO+H408.SiO+2NaOH→2223高温SiO+CO↑+NaCO→Na409.SiO223322高温+CO↑
+CaCO.SiO→CaSiO4102323
五.碱金属族] [低温下4Na+O→2Na O(白色)501.22点燃] [较高温度下2Na+O→Na O(淡黄色)502.2222NaOH+H↑.2Na+2H O→50322 ONa+H↑OH→2CH504.2Na+2CH22525+O+2CO →2Na CO505.2Na O222232↑+2H O→4NaOH+O506.2Na O2222电解+2NaOH
↑Cl↑+H507.2NaCl+2HO→222---508.CO+H O+OHHCO2332--CO O+OHH+
H509.HCO3322+CO+H O→2NaHCO CO510.Na32322(侯德榜制碱法)↓
+NH Cl+NH511.NaCl(饱和)+CO+H O→NaHCO42332△512.2NaHCO→NaCO+CO↑+HO 23322-O
↑+HHCO+H→CO513.+232---O
CO+HHCO+OH→514.2233O +H NaCl+CO↑+HCl;NaHCO→→
515.NaCO+HCl NaHCO+NaCl223332
六.镁、铝、铁、铜+H↑Mg(OH)O601.Mg+2H(热)→222点燃2MgO+C →2Mg+CO602.2电解↑→Mg+Cl(熔融)603.MgCl22→能同时放出氢气及氨气.604Mg+NH Cl+HO24
+3H2AlCl↑2Al+6HCl605.→23+3H2NaAlOO2Al+2NaOH+2H606.→↑222.
高温607.8Al+3FeO→9Fe+4Al O(铝热反应之一)3432--O
+H O+2OH→2AlO608.Al2322--Al +H O +3OH Al(OH)609.H+AlO3++322(碱