2022届高考英语备考:抽丝剥茧,轻松搞定定语从句
备战新高考英语抢分秘籍:定语从句 (解析版)(全国专用)
法宝05 定语从句距离高考还有一段时间,不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生,愈是临近高考,能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节,态度是否主动积极,安排是否科学合理,能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战,其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料,希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率,希望对你有所帮助,有志者事竟成!养成良好的答题习惯,是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前,要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项,并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时,切忌跟着感觉走,最好按照题目序号来做,不会的或存在疑问的,要做好标记,要善于发现,找到题目的题眼所在,规范答题,书写工整;答题完毕时,要认真检查,查漏补缺,纠正错误。
总之,在最后的复习阶段,学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候,学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式,最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心,考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”,遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后,考生越要回归基础,单词最好再梳理一遍,这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
目录一............... 考点汇总二............... 知识梳理三............... 真题回顾四............... 名校模拟题I. 定语从句起形容词的作用,在句中修饰一个名词或代词。
被修饰的词叫做先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词,他的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用,二是在从句中担当一个成分,并与先行词保持数的一致。
Ⅱ. as与which的区别:Ⅲ. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别:一、考点聚焦1、功能:相当于形容词,修饰名词或代词,在句中作定语2、位置:定语从句置于被修饰词之后Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please.3、先行词:被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词(1)先行词一般是名词和不定代词,如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy, -thing的合成词;或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。
2022届高考英语 考前冲刺精选语法知识分类详解定语从句
2022届高考英语考前冲刺精选语法知识分类详解定语从句1什么是定语从句定语从句Attributive Caue在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词关系代词或关系副词引出。
关系代词有:who, whom, whoe, that, which等。
关系副词有:when, where, wh等。
2关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:I he the man who/that want to ee ou?他就是你想见的人吗who/that在从句中作主语He i the man whom/ that I aw eterda他就是我昨天见的那个人。
whom/that在从句中作宾语2 Whoe 用来指人或物,只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换, 例如:The ruhed over to hee unwrae unwrauch, anthing, omething, nothing, everthing, itte, none等不定代词,关系代词一般只用that,不用which。
例如:A the eoe that are reent burt into tearI there anthing that I can do for ou?2 如果先行词被the on, the ver, the ame, the at, the bet等词修饰,关系代词常用that 指人时,可以用who,例如:Thi i the ver boo that I want to findThat i the bet fim that we have eenI wa the on ade hi ut ied 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
超实用高考英语复习:高考语法填空抢分热点之定语从句(解析版)
高考语法填空抢分热点之定语从句距离高考还有一段时间,不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生,愈是临近高考,能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节,态度是否主动积极,安排是否科学合理,能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战,其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料,希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率,希望对你有所帮助,有志者事竟成!养成良好的答题习惯,是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前,要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项,并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时,切忌跟着感觉走,最好按照题目序号来做,不会的或存在疑问的,要做好标记,要善于发现,找到题目的题眼所在,规范答题,书写工整;答题完毕时,要认真检查,查漏补缺,纠正错误。
总之,在最后的复习阶段,学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候,学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式,最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心,考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”,遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后,考生越要回归基础,单词最好再梳理一遍,这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
一、考点精讲定语从句是历年高考的热门话题。
就2022年的新高考卷I语法填空来说,更是有两个考点涉及到定语从句。
定语从句的常考点:1. 引导定语从句的关系词,尤其是关系代词2.只用that引导定语从句(1)先行词是all,something,anything,everything,nothing等不定代词时。
例如:Finally,the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.(最后,小偷把他偷的所有东西都交给了警察。
)(2)先行词被all,any,no,every,few,little,many,much等不定代词修饰时。
例如:I have finished reading all the books that I borrowed from the library. (我己经看完了所有从图书馆借来的书。
超实用高考英语复习:专题8 语法填空之定语从句
专题8语法填空之定语从句距离高考还有一段时间,不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生,愈是临近高考,能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节,态度是否主动积极,安排是否科学合理,能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战,其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料,希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率,希望对你有所帮助,有志者事竟成!养成良好的答题习惯,是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前,要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项,并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时,切忌跟着感觉走,最好按照题目序号来做,不会的或存在疑问的,要做好标记,要善于发现,找到题目的题眼所在,规范答题,书写工整;答题完毕时,要认真检查,查漏补缺,纠正错误。
总之,在最后的复习阶段,学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候,学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式,最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心,考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”,遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后,考生越要回归基础,单词最好再梳理一遍,这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
一.高考真题1(2022新高考I卷)The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ________ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.2(2022全国甲卷)On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang,_________ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province.3(2022年浙江1月)Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics __________ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change.4(2021新课标II卷)I decided that if I learned of a company___________ used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back.5(2021浙江卷)BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool ________ gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight.6(2021天津卷)In the spring, a season ________ we are learning new rhythms of life,many of us find comfort in the natural world.A. whenB. whereC.whatD. which7(2020新课标I卷)Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot __________ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.8(2021北京卷)When you sleep, your brain sorts througheverything ____12____ happened during the day,trying to link new experiences to old memories.9(2020新课标III卷)In ancient China lived an artist______ paintings were almost lifelike.10(2019新课标II卷)Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield,_________she opened with her late husband Les.11(2019新课标III卷)They were well trained by their masters ________ had great experience with caring for these animals.12(2019浙江卷)On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ______ gives off light in the dark.13(2019北京卷)The students benefitting most from college are those ______ are totally engaged(参与) in academic life, taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources(资源).14(2018新课标I卷)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 ___________showed a mere five to 10 minute a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.15(2018新课标II卷)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started a soil-testing program ________gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers—and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.16(2018浙江卷)Many westerners ________ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.17(2018·北京)She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.A. whichB.whoC. asD.that18(2017新课标I卷)Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, _________is not good for the health.19(2017新课标III卷)But Sarah, ___________has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.20(2016新课标I卷)But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, ____________I was the first Western TV reporter was permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.21(2016新课标III卷)Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius,___________lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C.,influenced the development of chopsticks.22(2015新课标I卷)I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _________are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.23(2014新课标I卷)Maybe you leave a habit ________is driving your family crazy. 二.名校模拟真题(2022·四川成都·石室中学校考一模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
2022年高考英语冲刺解析分项版汇编 专题04定语从句连词与状语从句
2022年高考英语试题考点分项解析单项选择定语从句【考查要点】定语从句是高中英语学习的重要语法项目之一,它的结构和用法比较复杂,是高中阶段英语学习的一个重点,也是高考英语常考的一个考点是历年高考的热点,掌握定语从句对于语言理解和运用具有重要的意义。
定语从句在高考各个题型中都有可能会涉及到。
【名师解题指南】定语从句是英语语法的重要组成部分,也是每年高考必定涉及的内容,判断定语从句的引导词是高考中的常见题型。
其实解决这个问题是有法可依的,本文总结了判断定语从句引导词的一般思路。
一、判断定语从句引导词的一般思路1 明确引导词的常规用法定语从句的引导词在定语从句中不仅起到引导从句的作用,而且都有具体含义,因此定语从句的引导词,包括that,在定语从句中一定充当一个句子成分。
从词性上看,这些引导词可以分为两大类:代词和副词。
that, which, who, whom,a等为代词,when, where, wh 等为副词。
代词类的引导词在定语从句中可以充当主语、表语或宾语,副词类的引导词可以充当状语。
从具体用法上看,that即可代人也可代物,which只能代物,who和whom只能代人,分别作主语和宾语。
a引导定语从句时为代词,可作主语、宾语或表语。
在定语从句中,when作时间状语,where作地点状语,wh作原因状语。
2 明确定语从句的逻辑语序一般说来,定语从句和其他各类从句一样采用陈述句的语序,但实际上和一般陈述句的语序并不完全相同。
相同之处在于和陈述句一样,定语从句也是主语在前、谓语动词在后的语序,不同之处在于引导词要位于从句句首,因为引导词的作用就在于引导从句。
如上文分析,定语从句的引导词既是从句中的一个句子成分,还必须位于从句句首,这就造成了从句的实际语序和逻辑语序不一致的现象,对理解引导词在定语从句中充当的成分造成困难,分析从句的逻辑语序就成了确定引导词在从句中充当何种句子成分的有效手段。
3 明确句子成分的基本概念分析定语从句的实际语序和逻辑语序离不开对各种基本句子成分的概念的准确理解。
2022届高考英语 考前冲刺精选语法知识定语从句难点解析
202X届高考英语考前冲刺精选语法知识定语从句难点解析一、如何正确使用连接主从句的引导词一个定语从句的引导词是用关系代词还是关系副词,这是同学们首先遇到的一个难题,由于把握不准,所以出错较多。
请看以下例子:1A That i the choo _____________we tudied three ear agoB That i the choo ____________ we buit three ear ago2A I've forgotten the eact da ______ he gave me the fim coe beautifu fower6 Mother came bac on December 21 when wa m birthda7 Thi i the ring for which he i ooing8 I thi hitor mueum that ome foreign friend viited at wee9 Thi i the monitor her Engih i the bet in our ca10 A ou now it, he ha eft for Autraia11 The meeting wa other13 He tod the good new to thoe who wa eeting14 The e Shanghai15 Who' the od man whom ou ut hoo hand拓展引导定语从句的词叫作关系代词或关系副词。
关系代词有who、 whom、 whoe、 that、 which、a等;关系副词有when、 where、 wh等。
它们具有三个功能:1连接主句和从句; 2 指代先行词; 3 在从句中充当一种成分。
如:"Thi i the boo that I want to bu""that"连接主句"Thi i the boo"和从句"I want to bu",指代先行词"boo",并在从句中作"bu"的宾语。
2022届高考英语语法部分之定语从句
2022届高考英语二轮专题复习精品语法部分之定语从句定语从句是由先行词关系代词/关系副词引导的从句构成。
所谓的先行词,其实就是汉语中被修饰的中心词。
我们称它为先行词,是因为它的位置跟汉语中的位置是不一样的。
一般来说汉语句子中喜欢把把作修饰的定语成分放在被修饰的中心词之前。
而英语中,如果是单个形容词修饰,可以放在中心词之前;如果是短语或句子(从句),则要放在他们所修饰的中心词之后,也就是说要后置。
也就是这样的结构,中心词句子(作定语成分起修饰作用)。
入乡随俗,人家英国人对此有自己的称呼,“中心词”----先行词,因为放在修饰成分之前。
(先锋官);“句子(作定语成分起修饰作用)”,被称为定语从句。
先行词可以是单个名词,名词短语,或者是句子。
关系代词: that 表人, 表物,在从句中作主语或宾语;who 表人, 在从句中作主语;whom 表人, 在从句中作宾语which 表物,在从句中作主语或宾语whoe 从句中作定语关系副词: when 表时间; where表地点定语从句是复合句的一种。
复合句就是由两个或以上的句子组成,当然其中有组合规则,即所谓的语法规则。
I have a gooe The gooe a eight god egg ever da我有一只鹅。
这只鹅每天下8个金蛋。
我有一只每天下8个金蛋的鹅。
I have a gooe the gooe a eight egg ever da FI have a gooe that/which a eight egg ever da TI he the man who/that want to ee ouHe i the man whom/ that I aw eterdaThe man who tod me thi refued to give me hi name.The boo i about a gir who fa in ove with an ug but taented boThe noie that he made woe everbod umended b him were reiabeIt i ree famiiar in ordinar converationbe/ become famiiar withThe man ______ he wa married wa a odierA whomB to whomC with whomD whoThere are cientific wa in which man ove e a da ____ a the eA whichB itC thatD whoe13 The goa ______ he had fought a hi ife no onger eemed imA after whichB with whichC for whichD at which14 The coure norma attract 20 tudent overeaA in whichB for whichC with whichD of whom15 We need a chairman ______A for whom everone ha confidenceB in whom everone ha confidenceC who everone ha confidence ofD whom everone ha confidence on16 The reident, ______ ha been damaged b the food, were given hee B a of whoe home C a whoe home D a of their home17 A urve wa carried out on the death of new-born babie in that region, _______ were ur, ______ are arger than our earthA ome of whomB ome of whichC ome of whoeD ome of them19 Heen wa much inder to her ounget chid than he wa to the other, ______ of coure, made the other eaouA whoB thatC whatD which20 e countrie are hort of taff, _____mean each ica reaction, _______ have been mentioned in C a few of that D a few of which22 In one the roof of which hung a great number of hinning white =whoeRecent I bought an ancient Chinee vae, the ountain viage where I taed at ear I' never forget the da when I wored together with ou判断改错(注:先显示题,再显示答案,横线;用不同的颜色表示出。
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2022届高考英语备考:抽丝剥茧,轻松搞定定语从句定语从句是高中英语语法中的一个重要的语法项目,也是每年高考英语考查的重点和热点,主要考查引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词的选择。
对高考英语定语从句的考查热点进行盘点,希望对同学们有所帮助。
一、定语从句考点分析1.关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose在定语从句中作主语、宾语和定语的用法【高考链接1】(全国卷Ⅰ·66)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014______showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.【解析】此空填that或which。
用that或which引导定语从句,因为先行词study是物,并且that或which在定语从句中作主语。
【高考链接2】(全国卷Ⅱ· 69)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005-when the government started a soil-testing program ______ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers- and 2011,fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.【解析】此空填that或which。
用that或which引导定语从句,因为先行词program 是物,并且that或which在定语从句中作主语。
【高考链接3】(全国卷Ⅲ·64)But Sarah,______ has taken part in shows along with top models wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.【解析】此空填who。
用who引导非限制性定语从句,因为先行词Sarah是人,并且who在定语从句中作主语。
【高考链接4】(全国卷Ⅲ·47)Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius,______ lived from roughly 551 to 497 B.C,influenced the development of chopsticks.【解析】此空填who。
用who引导非限制性定语从句,因为先行词Confucius是人,并且who在定语从句中作主语。
2.关系代词as和which引导非限制性定语从句,指代整个主句内容的用法【高考链接5】(全国卷Ⅰ·70)Like anything,it is possible to have too much of both,______ is not good for the health.【解析】此空填which。
句意:“像其他任何东西一样,很可能摄入过多的脂肪和盐对健康没有好处。
”which引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面的句子“it is possible to have too much of both”,并且which在非限制性定语从句中作主语,故填which。
【高考链接6】(浙江卷·57)Like many things in life,its an ongoing process,and the best part of the process is that theres enough room for improvement,______means youll just keep getting better and better.【解析】此空填which。
which引導非限制性定语从句,指代前面的句子“theres enough room for improvement”,并在定语从句中作主语。
3.关系副词where,when,why在定语从句中作状语的用法【高考链接7】(浙江卷·64)Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got swept into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden,______ it remained until the carrots leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长)through it.【解析】此空填where。
where引导定语从句,因为在该定语从句中,句子的成分是完整的,并且先行词为表示地点的the garden,故填关系副词where。
【高考链接8】(全国卷Ⅰ·65)But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s,I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.【解析】此空填when。
when引导非限制性定语从句,因为先行词mid-1980s表示时间,在该非限制性定语从句中,when作状语。
4.“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句的用法【高考链接9】(全国卷Ⅰ改错题)They also had a small pond,which they raised fish.【解析】在which前加in或将which改为where。
在该定语从句中,句子成分完整,所以用where引导定语从句。
在该定语从句中,where作状语,用in which表示在鱼塘里,所以in which可以代替where。
二、定语从句做题步骤从定语从句的考点分析,我们可以得出定语从句的做题步骤。
1.划出定语从句。
简单来说,就是从空格开始,划出一个完整的句子。
2.找出从句的谓语动词,判断从句是否缺少主语、宾语或表语等成分。
如果从句缺少成分,则根据先行词选择相应的关系代词(which,that,who和whom,非限制性定语从句不能用that);如果从句不缺少成分,则根据先行词选择相应的关系副词。
三、定语从句注意事项1.注意what和that的区别what和that都可以在从句中作主语、宾语和表语,但是what用在名词性从句中,而that用在定语从句中。
例如:What surprised us is that he did it alone.使我们吃惊的是他一个人做了那项工作。
(what在主语从句中作主语)This is one of the buildings that were built last year. 这是去年建的楼房之一。
(that 在定语从句中作主语,指物,不能省略。
)2.注意分隔式定語从句定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面,但有时候也会被插入语、同位语、状语、谓语或其他定语等成分分隔。
如果是隔开了的定语从句,则要先根据句意找到先行词,然后再进行句子结构分析。
例如:She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students ______ allows them to communicate freely with each other. 句意:“他有为学生营造一种良好的(课堂)氛围的天赋,这种氛围能够令学生交流自如。
”从句意可知,先行词是an atmosphere,而不是students,所以此空应填which或that。
3.注意限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别关系代词that常用于限制性定语从句中,通常不用于非限制性定语从句。
有些考生看到这是一个定语从句,指代物,又是作主语或宾语,就填that。
如果这是一个非限制性定语从句,填that就错了。
例如:Clock is a kind of instrument,which can tell people time.句意:“钟是一种能够告诉人们时间的仪器。
”这个句子是一个非限制性定语从句,只能用which引导,不能用that。
4.注意定语从句的主谓一致性关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句的谓语必须与先行词保持人称和数的一致。
例如:Tom is one of the boys who are from the USA. Tom是从美国回来的男孩们中的一个。
四、定语从句知识清单清单一:关系代词与关系副词的用法清单二:几组关系词的区别1.that和which(1)当先行词为all,something,anything,nothing,little,any,much,the one,everything,few,some,none,everyone,nobody等不定代词时,关系代词用that。
例如:There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world. 对他来说似乎世界上没有什么不可能的事。
(2)当先行词被all,any,no,little,much,only,few,one of,every,very,some,exactly,same等修饰时,关系代词用that。
例如:This is the very dictionary that I want to buy. 这正是我要买的词典。
(3)先行词是形容词最高级、序数词或被形容词最高级、序数词修饰时,关系代词用that。
例如:The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. 在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。
(4)which可以和介词连用,而that不可以。
例如:The plane in which we flew to Canada was really comfortable. 我们去加拿大所乘坐的飞机实在很舒服。
(5)引导非限制性定语从句时,关系代词要用which,不能用that。
例如:The Peoples Republic of China,which was founded in 1949,is becoming more and more powerful. 中华人民共和国是1949年成立的,现在正变得越来越强大。