2022届高考英语备考：抽丝剥茧,轻松搞定定语从句

2022届高考英语备考：抽丝剥茧，轻松搞定定语从句

定语从句是高中英语语法中的一个重要的语法项目，也是每年高考英语考查的重点和热点，主要考查引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词的选择。对高考英语定语从句的考查热点进行盘点，希望对同学们有所帮助。

一、定语从句考点分析

1.关系代词that，which，who，whom，whose在定语从句中作主语、宾语和定语的用法

【高考链接1】（全国卷Ⅰ·66）Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014______showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.

【解析】此空填that或which。用that或which引导定语从句，因为先行词study是物，并且that或which在定语从句中作主语。

【高考链接2】（全国卷Ⅱ· 69）The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005-when the government started a soil-testing program ______ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers- and 2011，fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.

【解析】此空填that或which。用that或which引导定语从句，因为先行词program 是物，并且that或which在定语从句中作主语。

【高考链接3】（全国卷Ⅲ·64）But Sarah，______ has taken part in shows along with top models wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.

【解析】此空填who。用who引导非限制性定语从句，因为先行词Sarah是人，并且who在定语从句中作主语。

【高考链接4】（全国卷Ⅲ·47）Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，______ lived from roughly 551 to 497 B.C，influenced the development of chopsticks.

【解析】此空填who。用who引导非限制性定语从句，因为先行词Confucius是人，并且who在定语从句中作主语。

2.关系代词as和which引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句内容的用法

【高考链接5】（全国卷Ⅰ·70）Like anything，it is possible to have too much of both，______ is not good for the health.

【解析】此空填which。句意：“像其他任何东西一样，很可能摄入过多的脂肪和盐对健康没有好处。”which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的句子“it is possible to have too much of both”，并且which在非限制性定语从句中作主语，故填which。

【高考链接6】（浙江卷·57）Like many things in life，its an ongoing process，and the best part of the process is that theres enough room for improvement，______means youll just keep getting better and better.

【解析】此空填which。which引導非限制性定语从句，指代前面的句子“theres enough room for improvement”，并在定语从句中作主语。

3.关系副词where，when，why在定语从句中作状语的用法

【高考链接7】（浙江卷·64）Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got swept into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden，______ it remained until the carrots leafy top accidentally sprouted （生长）through it.

【解析】此空填where。where引导定语从句，因为在该定语从句中，句子的成分是完整的，并且先行词为表示地点的the garden，故填关系副词where。

【高考链接8】（全国卷Ⅰ·65）But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s，

I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.

【解析】此空填when。when引导非限制性定语从句，因为先行词mid-1980s表示时间，在该非限制性定语从句中，when作状语。

4.“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句的用法

【高考链接9】（全国卷Ⅰ改错题）They also had a small pond，which they raised fish.

【解析】在which前加in或将which改为where。在该定语从句中，句子成分完整，所以用where引导定语从句。在该定语从句中，where作状语，用in which表示在鱼塘里，所以in which可以代替where。

二、定语从句做题步骤