高中英语阅读理解之猜词题(思维导图+练习含答案)
高一英语阅读理解词义猜测题单选题40题答案解析版
高一英语阅读理解词义猜测题单选题40题答案解析版1.The author uses the word "jubilant" in the passage. What does it mean?A.angryB.happyC.sadD.tired答案：B。
解析：在文章中可以通过作者描述的场景和氛围来猜测词义。
文中提到人们在庆祝活动中，脸上洋溢着笑容，由此可推断“jubilant”是高兴的意思。
选项A“angry”生气不符合庆祝活动的氛围；选项C“sad”悲伤也与场景不符；选项D“tired”疲惫同样不恰当。
2.In the story, the word "scurry" is mentioned. What's the meaning?A.walk slowlyB.run quicklyC.jump highD.stand still答案：B。
解析：根据上下文，文中描述小动物们在听到声音后迅速行动，可推测“scurry”是快速跑的意思。
选项A“walk slowly”走得慢与迅速行动不符；选项C“jump high”跳得高不相关；选项D“stand still”站着不动也不对。
3.The word "mellow" appears in the text. What does it mean?A.sharpB.softC.loudD.quiet答案：B。
解析：从文章中对音乐或氛围的描述可以推断“mellow”的意思。
文中提到音乐让人放松，氛围很温和，所以“mellow”是柔和的意思。
选项A“sharp”尖锐不符合；选项C“loud”大声不对；选项D“quiet”安静不准确。
4.The author writes about a "vivacious" person. What does "vivacious" mean?A.boringB.livelyC.shyD.calm答案：B。
高中英语高考冲刺---猜测词义题型阅读解题技巧知识讲解及巩固练习题(含答案解析)
高中英语高考冲刺---猜测词义题型阅读解题技巧知识讲解及巩固练习题（含答案解析）题型介绍高考大纲要求考生能“根据上下文推断生词的词义”。
词义猜测题一般占阅读理解总题量的10%左右。
所猜词汇可以是生词，也可以是熟词新义，还可以是人称代词的指代内容。
常见提问方式The underlined word“______”in the passage means______.What does“_______”in the third paragraph stand for?The word/phrase“________”most nearly means______.The word/phrase“______”could best be replaced by______.The word/phrase“______”in Line…,Para…refers to______.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the phrase/word/sentence “________”?What’s the meaning of“______”in Line…,Para…?The underlined sentence in the first/second...paragraph probably means that________.正确选项的特点【链接高清】1.对于超纲词汇的正确解释，如果将它代入回原文，则符合逻辑，使文章通顺易懂。
2.对于未超纲的词或短语的正确解释，往往是熟词新义，是根据上下文推测的一个特定场合的含义。
干扰项的特点1.字面意思：对于熟悉的词，干扰项会列出它的字面意思或常规含义。
2.无关意思：除了字面意思，出题人还常用凭空杜撰出来的其它意思来干扰考生，但只要将此意思带入原文，不符合逻辑就能够排除。
解题思路1.返回原文，结合上下文，理解该词的意思。
专题13：阅读理解微技能之词义猜测(解析版)(新高考专用)
►专题13 阅读理解微技能之词义猜测题【思维导图】【词义猜测题微技能】1．单词或短语意义猜测词汇量小是制约学生阅读理解能力的一个重要因素。
具体技巧如下：(1)根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测。
有时短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语，下面接着出现其定义或解释，这就是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。
(2)根据同位关系进行猜测。
阅读中出现的难词有时后面紧跟一个同位语，对前面的词进行解释，这时可利用同位关系对前面或后面的词义或短语意义进行猜测。
(3)根据同义关系进行猜测。
当词或短语之间有并列连词and 或or时，其连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的或相反的，由此确定同等关系中的某个生词所属的义域，进而可推知其大致意思。
(4)根据构词法(合成、派生、转化等)进行猜测。
在英语中，有很多词可以在前面加前缀或在后面加后缀，从而构成另外一个词，乍看起来，这个词可能是新词，但掌握一定的构词知识，就不难猜出它的词义了。
(5)根据因果关系进行猜测。
在一篇文章中，根据原因可以预测结果；同样，根据结果也可以找出原因。
(6)根据上下文的指代关系进行猜测。
文章中的代词it，that，this，he，him 或them等可以指上文提到的人或物，其中it和that还可以指一件事。
有时代词指代的对象相隔较远，要认真查找；有时还需要对前面提到的内容进行总结，才能得出代词所指代的事。
考点精讲【典例剖析1】Rather unsurprisingly, a massive 77 percent of the people surveyed admitted to being obsessed with regularly taking selfies. What was more interesting, though, was the fact that an astonishing 82 percent of people said that they would rather see other selfies on social media.Diefenbach calls this the “selfies paradox”: the idea that we like taking selfies but seriously dislike looking at other people’s selfies online.41. What does the word “paradox”(paragraph 5) mean?A. complicated statementsB. contradictory statementsC. constructive statementsD. complimentary statements[解析]词义猜测题。
高考英语大题精做04阅读理解词义猜测题(含解析)新人教
词义猜测题【题型突破】词义猜测题有逐渐增加的趋势,尤其是猜测词组、句意题.因为猜测词组、句意题涉及题材背景、句子结构、文章主旨、作者的观点/态度等。
联系文章主旨、整合上下文信息是解答这类题的关键。
近几年命题者着重考查考生利用同义或反义关系、构词法、语法和语篇文脉等理解生词的能力.【命题方式】1.The word/phrase＂…＂in the passage means _________.2。
The word/phrase＂…＂can be best replaced by _________。
3. Which of the following is nearest/closest in meaning to _________?4.The word/phrase＂…＂probably refers to _________。
5.What does the underlined word/phrase＂…＂in the passage mean?词义猜测题要根据词、词组、句子所在的上下文语境来判断其意义，我们要特别注意熟词生义，切不可脱离语境主观臆断.熟练以下猜词技巧是做好这类题的关键。
猜词方法依据猜词方法依据定义有时短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语，下面接着出现其定义或解释,这就是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。
指代关系it,that,this，he，him,them可指上文提到的事、物、人。
有时代词指代的对象相隔较远，要认真查找；有时需要对前面提到的内容进行总结，才能得出代词所指代的对象。
同位关系阅读中出现的难词有时后面紧跟一个同位语，对前面的词进行解释，这时可利用同位关系进行猜测。
同义关系当词或短语之间有并列连词and，or时，其连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的，由此可确定同等关系中的某个生词所属的义域，从而推知其大致意Passage1（2017·新课标卷I ，D ）drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available. Developed by two doctors in the U 。
高考英语关于阅读理解中的猜词悟义题
专题复习：关于阅读理解中的猜词悟义题近几年的高考阅读理解题越来越重视对考生猜词悟义能力的考查，猜测词悟义的能力，即掌握一些猜测生词词义的方法，对排除阅读中生词的干扰、降低生词率、提高阅读速度和理解能力是必不可少的，这是考生英语阅读理解能力的一个重要组成部分。
这种不用词典而通过上下文来认识生词的能力是每一个考生所必须具备的能力。
这类题主要考查考生对文中的重点词句的理解，要求考生对文章中的个别难词、关键词、词组或句子作出解释或推测其义。
常用的问题形式：1. He underlined word〔phrase〕in the passage means ________________．2. The word "it〔them〕"in the first paragraph refers to _____________．3. The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means _____________．4. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the second paragraph？5. What does〔do〕the underlined word〔words〕refer to？6. According to the passage, “…” probably means ______________.7. The author uses the word “…” to mean __________.8. The underlined word/phrase/team “…”means ______________.9. The word “…” in paragraph …refers to __________.10. What does “…” in the second paragraph stands for?11. The sentence “…” means _______________.例如:Apple trees may grow as tall as 12 metres and they grow best in areas that have cold winters. Although no fruit is yielded during the winter, this cold period is good for the tree.The underlined word “ yielded” most probably means__________.A. soldB. boughtC. improvedD. producedAnother source of knowledge is the vast store of traditional practices handed down form father to son, or mother to daughter, of old country customs, of folklore. All this is very difficult for a college student to examine, for much knowledge and personal experience is needed here to separate good plants form wild grass. The college student should learn to realize and remember how much of real value science has found in this wide, confused wilderness and how often scientific discoveries of what had existed in this area long ago.In this paragraph the phrase “this wide, confused wilderness” refers to _________. A. personal experience B. wild weeds among good plantsC. the information from the parentsD. the vast store of traditional practices 猜词悟义方法：一、针对性解释针对性解释是作者为了更好地表达思想，在文章中对一些重要的概念、难懂的术语或词汇等所作的解释。
专题04 阅读理解之猜测词义题(课件)-2024年高考英语二轮复习(新教材新高考)
和“will no doubt be irone款d适合o你ut(毫无疑问会被解决)”可知，划线词所 在句子表示“这样的错误会被纠正，被解决”，划线词wrinkles的意思是“ 错误”，和errors意思相近，故选C。
真题研析·规律探寻
考向2 考查猜测短语的意思 1.（2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷·阅读理解C） In this “book of books”, artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses—absorbed in 稿稿a定定vPoPPTPl，uT海m量e素,材d持e续e更p in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. These新，sc上e千n款e模s板m选择a总y有h一ave been painted
A. Clear-up. B. Add-on. C. Check-in. D. Take-over.
【答案】A
稿定PPT
【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词稿所定在PP句T，的海量下素文材“持续Th更is process requires you to step
高中英语阅读理解之猜词法(共13张PPT)
hope to meet the end with a similar spirit.
extra 超过+ordinary普通 的=extraordinary 非凡的
Strategy II: By adversative 转折词
▪Most of us agreed; however, Gary dissented.
不同意
▪He is homely, not at all as handsome as his brother.
症状
Strategy I :By context 上下文
▪A person who has the SARS may have symptoms
like coughing and a high temperature.
• that is to say • mean • namely • refer to • in other words •…
Strategy I :By context 上下文
▪Mr. Smith always arrives home punctually，neither
early nor lates the Covid-19 may have symptoms like coughing and a high temperature.
Common Adversative
Strategy III: By word-formation 构词法
▪The quake leaves city flattened.
高考英语总复习阅读理解词意猜测题做题技巧PPT演示课件
②转折关系或对比关系 【例5】 Another brand store seeks to be much more than a shop , but rather a destination. And scent is just one way to achieve this. more than=be far from =not merely不仅仅是 69. The underlined word “destination” in Paragraph 5 means _______ . A. a platform that exhibits goods B. a spot where travelers like to stay C. a place where customers love to go D. a target that a store expects to meet
There is no reason to insult（侮辱） and defame the man simply because you do not agree with him. A.同情 B.诽谤 C.支持 D.称赞
The hot tropical weather created a feeling of lassitude and encouraged laziness. A. 懒惰 B.勤奋 C. 呆滞 D. 鼓励
There is no reason to insult and defame the man simply because you do not agree with him. A.同情 B.诽谤 C.支持 D.称赞
The hot tropical weather created a feeling of lassitude and encouraged laziness. A. 懒惰 B.勤奋 C. 呆滞 D. 鼓励
高考英语阅读理解复习猜词题课件
1.【2021全国乙卷B篇】
Still,55percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only
just over a quarter(29%) rely only on their smartphones, according to a
Q:What does the underlined word “displaced” in the paragraph mean? （C） A. Tested（测试）. B.Separated.（分开） C.Forced out.（被迫…） D.
Tracked down.（追踪）
Q:The underlined expression"stomach it" in Paragraph 1 most probably means_Байду номын сангаас(A) A.digest the meal easily B.manage without breakfast C.decide wisely what to eat D.eat whatever is offered
Q:What does the underlined word “displaced” in the paragraph mean? （C） A.Tested. B.Separated. C.Forced out. D. Tracked down.
Gray wolves once were seen here and there（随处可见） in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United States, but they were gradually displaced（被取代） by human development. By the 1920s, wolves had practically(=almost) disappeared from the Yellowstone area . They went farther north into the deep forests of Canada, where there were fewer humans around.
高中英语阅读理解猜词题单选题40题
高中英语阅读理解猜词题单选题40题1. In the passage, the word "magnificent" is closest in meaning to:A. beautifulB. bigC. wonderfulD. old答案：C。
解析：“magnificent”意为“壮丽的；宏伟的；极好的”，选项A“beautiful”侧重于外表美丽，不如“wonderful”能全面表达“极好的”意思；选项B“big”指尺寸大，与“magnificent”含义不同；选项D“old”意思是旧的，与“magnificent”毫无关联。
“wonderful”意思是极好的，与“magnificent”在意思上最为接近。
2. The word "delicate" in the text can be replaced by:A. strongB. weakC. gentleD. hard答案：C。
解析：“delicate”有“精致的；脆弱的；柔和的”等意思，选项A“strong”表示强壮的，与“delicate”相反；选项B“weak”侧重于虚弱，不如“gentle”能准确体现“delicate”柔和的意思；选项D“hard”意思是硬的，与“delicate”差异较大。
“gentle”有温柔、柔和之意，与“delicate”较为接近。
3. In the following, which word is similar to "furious"?A. angryB. happyC. calmD. sad答案：A。
解析：“furious”意为“狂怒的；暴怒的”，选项B“happy”表示高兴的，与“furious”相反；选项C“calm”意思是平静的，与“furious”完全不同；选项D“sad”是悲伤的，与“furious”的愤怒含义不同。
“angry”意思是生气的、愤怒的，与“furious”意思相近。
高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题附答案
阅读理解专项打破III词义猜测【命题特点】考察依据上下文推想生词和短语实力,突出考察对语境分析和把握实力。
【常见考法】1. The underlined word “…〞probably means____.2. The word “…〞used in paragraph “…〞refers to/suggests____.3. The phrase “…〞in the sentence can be replaced by ____.4. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word “…〞5. What is the meaning of the underlined word in paragraph “…〞6. By saying “…〞, we mean_____.7. What do you think of the expression “…〞stands for8. The meaning of word “…〞in the passage is related to_____.一．通过定义或说明推想语义有些概念性生词出现后，作者会给出它定义、同位语、修饰性从句或是定语。
这些修饰成分可以扶植我们推断诞生词语义〔1〕定义句谓语动词在文中多为：be, mean, deal with, be considered to be, refer to, be called, be known as, define〔下定义〕, represent, signify〔表示，说明〕, constitute〔指。
〕等。
〔2〕说明那么常用as you know, to be called, to mean, to refer to, that is〔to say〕, in other words, namely 等词语以及同位语和定语从句来提示下文将前面信息加以重复或说明。
新课标高考英语阅读理解(猜词训练) 精品课件
【试题答案】 1. 1）考古学 2）磁铁 3）指南针 4）防弹背心 （马甲） 5）要求严格服从纪律和命令的人 6）动物学家 7）淬火 8）石匠 9）懂而且会说多种语言的人 10）家 禽
4. 根据生活常识猜测词意
运用逻辑推理能力，自身的生活经验及生活常
识，根据上下文能读懂的部分，正确猜出生词词
意，是一种行之有效的猜测词意的方法。下面两
things, his wife, however, is very thrifty. ⑤Although a large number of people considered him to
have stolen the money, I was sure that he was innocent of the theft（n. 偷窃）.
money in any trade. ④Turgid with the water of the melting（融化的）snow,
the rivers would soon overflow their banks. ⑤She wanted the hairdresser（美发师）to trim her
of the cold. 句子的已知部分和我们的常识告诉我们：因为严寒，大
多数月季花正在开始（ 枯萎 ）。
5. 根据同等关系猜测词意 所谓同等关系，指的是一个词，一组词或短语在句中作
同一成分，而且它们的词意都属于同一义域。在这样的词
组和短语中，通常有并列连词and或者or等作同等关系的
“ 木 匠 ” ， mosquito 的 词 义 是 “ 蚊 子 ” ， stethoscope的词义是“听诊器”，kinesics的词义 是“人体运动学”，而tornado的词义是“龙卷风 ”应是完全可能的。
高中英语阅读理解技巧之词义猜测题
2.We should attach importance to the problems of children’s non-attendance at school.
缺席、不到场
Skill 4
1.It will be very hard but also very brittle...that is, it will break easily
3）The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means ____．
4）Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the second paragraph？
英语阅读理解技巧之 词义猜测题
（word-guessing）
Lead-in(导入)
词义猜测题常用的提问方式有：
1）The underlined word / phrase in the passage means ____．
2）The word "it / them"in the first paragraph refers to ____．
表示对比关系的词汇和短语:
unlike，however，despite，in spite of，in contrast 和si 1
1.）Andrew is one of the most arrogant men I know. His brother, in contrast, is quite modest.
A. later generations
B. friends and relatives
高中英语阅读理解猜词题单选题60题(答案解析)
高中英语阅读理解猜词题单选题60题(答案解析)1.The new technology is so advanced that it seems almost magical. The word "advanced" in this context probably means____.A.simpleplexC.developedD.old答案：C。
解析：在这个语境中，后面提到“似乎几乎是神奇的”，说明这项新技术很先进。
选项A“simple”简单的；选项B“complex”复杂的；选项C“developed”发达的、先进的；选项D“old”旧的、老的。
根据上下文可推断出“advanced”意思是先进的、发达的，即选项C。
猜词技巧：根据后文的描述来推断词义。
2.In the article, it is mentioned that the scientist is working on a revolutionary device. The word "revolutionary" here most likely means____.A.ordinaryB.old-fashionedC.groundbreakingD.small答案：C。
解析：文中提到科学家在研究一个设备，“revolutionary”修饰这个设备，通常表示具有革命性的。
选项A“ordinary”普通的；选项B“old-fashioned”过时的；选项C“groundbreaking”开创性的、革命性的；选项D“small”小的。
根据上下文可推断出“revolutionary”意思是开创性的、革命性的，即选项C。
猜词技巧：根据修饰的对象和通常的表达习惯来推断词义。
3.The new software has a lot of features that make it stand out from others. The word "features" in this sentence probably means____.A.problemsB.advantagesC.characteristicsD.errors答案：C。
2024年新高考英语一轮复习专题 21 阅读理解之词义猜测题(含答案解析)
专题21 阅读理解（词义猜测题）1.（2023·广东深圳·高三统考期末）On the outside, 12-year-old Luna seems like your average kid. It's not until you get to know her that you learn that Luna is anything but average.Bom with a heart defect (缺陷)called dextrocardia, Luna has had three open-heart operations and continues to pursue her interests in art and fashion. But when Luna was approached by athletic shoe company Saucony to design a shoe for sale across the country, it came as quite a surprise.“This is so incredible. I got to use my art and creativity for something new that I'd never thought I'd be able to design,“ Luna said. She is one of six patients from Boston Children's Hospital ( BCH) who have partnered with Saucony to design their own shoe to launch the Shoes with Soul campaign.“Rather than just a donation, we wanted to create an experience and a moment that would not only raise money, but also awareness to highlight all the amazing work that's being done at BCH,“ says Chris, Saucony's vice president. “Specifically, we wanted to give some of the BCH kids an opportunity to share their story and their talents with the world. ”Luna's design is fashion. u On the tongue ,they digitalized one of my drawings, and then on bottom it's a really bright pink color, and on the inside ,the sole of the shoe is actually another drawing I did of a sunset,“ she said. "Thinking about kids everywhere around the world wearing my shoe is amazing. It blows my mind.”The income from the shoe sales will benefit the Boston Children's Hospital Cardiac Fitness Program, which encourages kids to “find your possible" through personalized exercise programs tailored for each individual patient's heart condition.“It feels really good to help people and it's really something I can relate to,“ says Luna. “The advice I would give a kid or someone like me is never give up. There are a lot of kids out there with your condition and you're not alone.”1．What can we learn from Chris' words?A．It's unwise to raise money.B．It's optional to seek donations.C．It's wonderful to study art.D．It's necessary to show kids' talents.2．What does Luna mean by “It blows my mind" in paragraph 5?A．I'm overjoyed.B．['m very serious.C．My mind goes blank.D．My mind is racing.3．Which of the following best describes Luna?A．Gifted and determined.B．Generous and serious.C．Grateful and helpful.D．Creative and sensitive.4．What is the text mainly intended to do?A．Tell us a story of a disabled girl.B．Set a good example to the disabled.C．Launch Saucony's new brand shoes.D．Introduce a campaign with kid patients.【答案】1．D 2．A 3．A 4．D【分析】这是一篇记叙文。
高中英语阅读理解猜测词意题word版
高考英语阅读理解考纲关于阅读理解部分考纲要求：阅读部分要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。
考生应能：（1）理解主旨要义；（2）理解文中具体信息；（3）根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义；（4）做出判断和推理；（5）理解文章的基本结构；（6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。
2019年真题1. For Canaan Elementary’s second grade in Patchogue, N.Y., toda y is speech day, and right now it’s Chris Palaez’s turn. The 8-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking.But he’s nervous. “I’m here to tell you today why you should … should…” Chris trips on the “-ld,” a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whispering support. “… Vote for … me …” Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion, Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.25. What does the underlined word “stumbles” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Improper pauses.B. Bad manners.C. Spelling mistakes.D. Silly jokes.“You can use me as a last re sort (选择), and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it.” This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids’ lacrosse (长曲棍球) club.I guess that there’s probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talkabout the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on… At this point the unwilling parent speaks up, “Alright. Yes, I’ll do it.”25. What does the underlined phrase “tug at the heartstrings” in paragraph 2 mean?A. Encourage teamwork.B. Appeal to feelings.C. Promote good deeds.D. Provide advice.（Paragraph 4）“China is impossible to overlook,” says Hill. “Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion —they are central to its movem ent.” Of course, not only are today’s top Western designers being influenced by China —some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese. “Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galliano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs — and beating them hands down in design and sales,” adds Hill.26. What do the underlined words “taking on” in paragraph 4 mean?A. learning fromB. looking down onC. working withD. competing againstBy the end of the century, if not sooner, the world’s oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms (海洋微生物) called phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton createcolourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton. Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the ocean’s appearance.Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface, where they pull carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) into the ocean while giving off oxygen. When these organisms die, they bury carbon in the deep ocean, an important process that helps to regulate the global climate. But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean’s warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.43. What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Sensitive.B. Beneficial.C. Significant.D. Unnoticeable.Just at this time NASA decided to test some new high-altitude cameras by taking photographs of Yellowstone. A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the assumption that they might make a nice blow-up for one of the visitors’ centers. As soon as Christiansen saw the photos, he realized why he had failed to spot the caldera: almost the whole park —2.2 million acres —was caldera. The explosion had left a hole more than forty miles across — much too huge to be seen from anywhere at ground level. At some time in the past Yellowstone must have blown up with a violence far beyond the scale of anything known to humans.60. What does the underlined word “blow-up” in the last paragraph most probably mean?A. Hot-air balloon.B. Digital camera.C. Big photograph.D. Bird’s view.Would you BET on the future of this man? He is 53 years old. Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune. A war injury has made his left hand stopfunctioning, and he has often been in prison. Driven by heaven-knows-what motives, he determines to write a book.The book turns out to be one that has appealed to the world for more than 350 years. That former prisoner was Cervantes, and the book was Don Quixote (《堂吉诃德》) . And the story poses an interesting question: why do some people discover new vitality and creativity to the end of their days, while others go to seed long before?We’ve all known people who run out of steam before they reach life’s halfway mark. I’m not talking about those who fail to get to th e top. We can’t all get there. I’m talking about peo ple who have stopped learning on growing because they have adopted the fixed attitudes and opinions that all too often come with passing years.52. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. End one’s struggle for liberty.B. W aste one’s energy taking risks.C. Miss the opportunity to succeed.D. Lose the interest to continue learning.Money with no strings attached. It’s not something you see every day. But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month, a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins and a sign that read, “Give What You Can, Take What You Need.”People quickly caught on. And while many took dollars, many others pinned their own cash to the board. “People of all ages, races, and socio-economic (社会经济的) backgrounds gave and took,” said Tyler Bridges of The Toolbox, which created the project. “We even had a bride in her wedding dress come up to the board and take a few dollars.” Most of the bills on the boardwere singles, but a few people left fives, tens and even twenties. The video clip (片段) shows one man who had found a $ 20 bill pinning it to the board.24. What does the expression “money with no strings attached” in paragraph 1 mean?A. Money spent without hesitation.B. Money not legally made.C. Money offered without conditions.D. Money not tied together.2020年1月浙江卷Mrs. Calloway made her own rules about books. You could not take back a book to the library on the same day you’d taken it out; it made no difference to her that you’d read every word in it and needed another to start. You could take out two books at a time and two only. So two by two, I read library books as fast as I could go, rushing them home in the basket of my bicycle. From the minute I reached our house, I started to read. I knew this was extreme happiness, knew it at the time.My mother shared this feeling of mine. Now, I think of her as reading so much of the time while doing something else. I remember her reading a magazine while taking the part of the Wol f in a game of “Little Red Riding H ood” with my brother’s two daughters. She’d just look up at the right time, long enough to answer —in character —“The better to eat you with, my dear,” and go back to her place in the magazine article.22. What do the underlined words “this feeling” refer to in the last paragraph?A. Desire to read.B. Love for Mrs. Calloway.C. Interest in games.D. Fear of the library rules.2018年之前高考英语真题1.If you have a juicer, you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit. Out comes a “soft-serve” creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a children’s party; they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below.What is “a juicer” in the last paragraph?A. A dessert.B. A drink.C. A container.D. A machine.2. Adults understand what it feels like to be flooded with objects. Why do we often assume that more is more when it comes to kids and their belongings? The good news is that I can help my own kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less.What do the words “more is more” in paragraph 1 probably mean?A. The more, the better.B. Enough is enough.C. More money, more worries.D. Earn more and spend more.3. There are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions. One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you'll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so it's a_pipe_dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.What does the underlined phrase “a pipe dream”in Paragraph 3 mean?A．A practical idea. B．A vain hope.C．A brilliant plan. D．A selfish desire.4. This of course created a new problem: dirt practically buried the first floors of every building in Chicago. Building owners were faced with a choice: either change the first floors of their buildings into basements, and the second stories into main floors, or hoist the entire buildings to meet the new street level. Small wood-frame buildings could be lifted fairly easily.The underlined word “hoist”in Paragraph 4 means“________”．A．change B．liftC．repair D．decorate5. Some 2,500 years ago Greece discovered freedom. Before that there was no freedom. There were great civilizations, splendid empires, but no freedom anywhere. Egypt and Babylon were both tyrannies,_ one very powerful man ruling over helpless masses.What does the underlined word“tyrannies”in Paragraph 2 refer to?A．Countries where their people need help.B．Powerful states with higher civilization.C．Splendid empires where people enjoy freedom.D．Governments ruled with absolute power.6. The objects around you are visible because they interact with light .Light typically travels in a straight line.But some materials slow and scatter (散射) light，bouncing it away from its original path.Others absorb light，stopping it dead in its tracks. Both scattering and absorption make an object look different from other objects around it，so you can see it easily.The underlined word “dead” in Paragraph 3 means ________．A．silently B．graduallyC．regularly D．completely7. My color television has given me nothing but a headache.I was able to buy it a little over a year ago because I had my relatives give me money for my birthday instead of a lot of clothes that wouldn’t fit.I let a salesclerk fool me into buying a discontinued model.I realized this a day later，when I saw newspaper advertisements for the set at seventyfive dollars less than I had paid.The set worked so beautifully when I first got it home that I would keep it on until stations signed_off for the night.Fortunately，I didn’t get any channels showing all night movies or I would never have gotten to bed.Which of the following can best replace the phrase “signed off” in Paragraph 1?_______ A．ended all their programsB．provided fewer channelsC．changed to commercialsD．showed allnight movies真题短文读一读A man’s position among the black-tent people depends on his ancestors, relatives, and fellow tribesmen. If they are honored, he is also honored. If they are disgraced, he too is disgraced. Therefore one carefully guards the honor of his family, his lineage(宗系), and his tribe.The word “disgrace” means _________ in thi s text.A. honorB. endangerC. proudD. shameThe ruler had been so cruel and dishonest that after the revolution he was banished. A few members of the Senate(参议院) opposed this decision, but the majority voted that the ruler should leave the country for ever.The underlined word “banished” mean_______.A. killed by stoningB. sent awayC. imprisonedD. punished by whippingAlthough he often had the chance, Mr. Brown was never able to steal money from a customer. This would endangered his position at the bank, and he did not want to jeopardize hisfuture.The word “jeopardize” means _____ in this text.A. protectB. endangerC. continueD. stopIt was once common to regard Britain as a society with class distinction. Each class had unique characteristics.In recent years, many writers have begun to speak the 'decline of class' and 'classless society' in Britain. And in modern day consumer society everyone is considered to be middle class.But pronouncing the death of class is too early. A recent wide-ranging society of public opinion found 90 percent of people still placing themselves in particular class; 73 percent agreed that class was still a vital part of British society; and 52 percent thought there were still sharp class differences. Thus, class may not be culturally and politically obvious, yet it remains an important part of British society. Britain seems to have a love of stratification.42. The word stratification in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ________.A. varietyB. divisionC. authorityD. qualificationThe link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp. Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed. The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out. Working----at any age----isimportant. Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence---the underpinnings (基础) of emotional health. They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals. The most competent adults are those who know how to do this. Yet work isn’t everything. As Tolstoy once said, “One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love one’s work.”49. What does the underlined word “sharp” probably mean in Paragraph 4?A. Quick to reactB. Having a thin edgeC. Clear and definiteD. sudden and rapidIn fact, when it comes to the art of war, ants have no equal. They are completely fearless and will readily take on a creature much larger than themselves, attacking in large groups and overcoming their target. Such is their devotion to the common good of the colony that not only soldier ants but also worker ants will sacrifice their lives to help defeat an enemy.Behaving in this selfless and devoted manner, these little creatures have survived on Earth, for more than 140 million years, far longer than dinosaurs. Because they think as one, they have a collective (集体的) intelligence greater than you would expect from its individual parts.70. What does the underlined expression "take on" in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Accept.B. Employ.C. Play with.D. Fight against.Once when I was facing a decision that involved high risk, I went to a friend. He looked at me for a moment, and then wrote a sentence containing the best advice I’ve ever had: Be bold and brave — and mighty (强大的) forces will come to your aid.Those words made me see clearly that when I had fallen short in the past, it was seldom because I had tried and failed. It was usually because I had let fear of failure stop me from trying at all. On the other hand, whenever I had plunged into deep water, forced by courage or circumstance, I had always been able to swim until I got my feet on the ground again.Boldness means a decision to bite off more than you are sure you can eat. And there is nothing mysterious about the mighty forces. They are potential powers we possess: energy, skill, sound judgment, creative ideas — even physical strength greater than most of us realize.52. What is the implied meaning of the underlined part?A. Swallow more than you can digest.B. Act slightly above your abilities.C. Develop more mysterious powers.D. Learn to make creative decisions.“In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldn’t get away from home far enough or fast enough to prove we could do it on our own,” says Christine Crosby, publisher of Grand, amagazine for grandparents. “We now realize how important family is and how important i t is to be near them, especially when you’re raising children.”27. What did Crosby say about people in the 1960s?A. They were unsure of themselves.B. They were eager to raise more children.C. They wanted to live away from their parents.D. They had little respect for their grandparents.Recently, an old milk box in the countryside I saw brought back my childhood memories.I took it home and planted it in the back porch （门廊）. Every so often my son’s friends will ask what it is. So I started stories of my boyhood, and of the milkman who brought us friendship along with his milk.59. Why did the author bring back home an old milk box?A. He missed the good old days.B. He wanted to tell interesting stories.C. He needed it for his milk bottles.D. He planted flowers in it.Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside. I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking. Without fail one would declare, “But I’m just not creative.”27. What does the u nderlined word “downside” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Mistake.B. Drawback.C. Difficulty.D. Burden.Members go on the site and register the books they own and would like to share. BookCrossing provides an identification number to stick inside the book. Then the person leaves it in a public place, hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it.30. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to ?A. The book.B. An adventure.C. A public place.D. The identification number.He was judged unfit to return to sea and took a shore job in Glasgow for the rest of the war. For as long as I can remember, he had a weak heart. Mother said it was caused by the torpedoes. He said it was because of the cigarettes.Whichever, he died suddenly in his early 50s.63.The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 6 refers to the father’s ____.A. weak heartB. taking a shore jobC. failure to return to seaD. injury caused by a torpedo…… Second, the quality of your relationships depends on the amount of time you invest（投入）in them. We invest a lot in a small number of people and then distribution what’s left among as many others as we can. The problem is that if we invest little time in a person, our engagement with that person will decline（减弱）until eventually it dies into “someone I once knew”.73. The underlined word “engagement” in the second paragraph probably means “”.A. appointmentB. connectionC. interviewD. agreementThere are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions. One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you'll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so it's a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.What does the underlined phrase “a pipe dream” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. A practical idea.B. A vain hope. (白日梦)C. A brilliant plan.D. A selfish desire.“My friends said: ‘Now we believe your stories,’” Welty added. “And I said: ‘Now you know. These are the people that make me write them.’”The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 6 refers to Welty's _______.A. readersB. partiesC. friendsD. stories高考英语阅读理解猜测词意参考答案2019年真题1. For Canaan Elementary’s second grade in Patchogue, N.Y., today is speech day, and right now it’s Chris Palaez’s turn. The 8-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining darkeyes, he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking.But he’s nervous. “I’m here to tell you today why you should … should…” Chris trips on the “-ld,” a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whisperin g support. “… Vote for … me …” Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion, Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.25. What does the underlined word “stumbles” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Improper pauses.B. Bad manners.C. Spelling mistakes.D. Silly jokes.25.猜词题。
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阅读理解之猜词题（解析版）猜词悟义是应用英语的重要能力，也是高考阅读理解中必考的题型。
它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。
同时，考生应掌握一些猜词技巧，通过定义、同位、对比、因果、常识、同义、反义、构词、常识及上下文线索等确定词义。
一、思维导图二、方法点拨1. 设问方式•The underlined word “ … ” refers to/ (probably) means .•“…” as used in the pa ssage can best be defined as…•What do you think the expression “…” stands for?•What does the underlined word “…” refer to in the last paragraph?•Which of the following words can take the place of the word “ … ”?•The underlined word “…” could best be replaced by…•Which of the following has the closest meaning to the word “ … ”?•What does the author mean by “…” in paragraph 2?2. 七大技巧1.根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测有时短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语，下面接着出现其定义或解释。
标点符号，如逗号后的解释(名词同位语)、破折号后的解释、括号内的解释等。
这都是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。
例如：例子1Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.29．Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in paragraph 2?A．Complex.B．Advanced.C．Powerful. D．Modern.[分析]根据画线词所在句子可知，人类社会发展的很多因素导致许多语言消失，而逐渐被英语、西班牙语、汉语等语言取代，画线词前后的解释暗示了这些语言逐渐占主导地位，故选C项powerful (强大的，有影响力的)。
【真题小练】(浙江2019.6 阅读理解B）Money with no strings attached. It’s not something you see every day. But at UnionStation in Los Angeles last month, a board went up with dollar bills attached to it withpins and a sign that read, "Give What You Can, Take What You Need."( )What does the expression "money with no strings attached" in paragraph 1 mean?A.Money spent without hesitation.B.Money not legally made.C.Money offered without conditions.D.Money not tied together.阅读中出现的难词有时后面紧跟一个同位语，对前面的词进行解释，因此可利用同位关系对前面的词义或句意进行猜测。
例如：例子2I am Peter Hodes, a volunteer stem cell courier. Since March 2012, I've done 89 trips — of those, 51 have been abroad. I have 42 hours to carry stem cells (干细胞) in my little box because I've got two ice packs and that's how long they last. In all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor (捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, we've got 72 hours at most. So I am always conscious of time.29．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “courier” in P aragraph 1?A．provider B．delivery manC．collector D．medical doctor[分析]“a volunteer stem cell courier”是“Peter Hodes”的同位语；根据文中“I have 42 hours to carry stem cells (干细胞) in my little box”可知，Peter Hodes的任务就是将捐献者捐献的干细胞运送给需要的病人，即作者是干细胞递送员。
故选择B项。
在英语中，有很多词可以通过增加前缀和后缀的方式，构成新词。
乍看起来，这个词可能是新词，但在掌握了一定的构词知识之后，就不难猜出它的词义。
例如：①“Our parties are aimed for children 2 to 10，” Anaclerio said, “and they're very interactive and creative in that they built a sense of drama based on a subject.”文中interactive是由前缀inter-(相互的)和active(活动的，活跃的)构成的，同时根据上下文的意思可以判断，该词的含义应是“互动的”。
②Perhaps, we can see some possibilities for next fifty years. But the next hundred?possibility是possible的同根名词，据此可以判断possibility的意思是“可能性”。
例子3A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness,_or worry.[分析]根据构词法知识我们可知，un-为否定前缀，-ness为名词后缀，easy(舒适)为词根。
因此，我们可猜测uneasiness为“不安；担忧”之意。
(全国II 2014 阅读理解A）My husband rushed to their home to find a kind family holding all papers anddocuments. Their young daughter had gone to the trash can and found a pile ofunfamiliar papers...At last they had seen a half-written letter in the pile in which myhusband had given his new telephone number to a friend. That family not onlyreturned the important documents to us that day, but also restored our faith and trust inpeople. We still remember their kindness and often send a warm wish their way. ( )What does the underlined word “restored” in the last paragraph mean?A.showed.B. sent out.C. delivered.D. gave back在一篇阅读文章中，根据原因可以预测结果，根据结果也可以找出原因。
例如：例子4If you have a_juicer,_you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit. Out comes a “softserve” creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a children's party; they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below.26．What is “a juicer” in the last paragraph?A．A dessert. B．A drink.C．A container. D．A machine.[分析]该段第一句含有一个if引导的条件状语从句，若满足该条件，则产生的结果是第一句的后半句和第二句，“you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit. Out comes a ‘softserve’ creamy dessert, to be eaten right away.” 即“将冰冻香蕉和其他莓类、水果片放进去，出来的是奶油状甜品”。