药学英语 01 Introduction2014

被动语态 清晰、准确、精练、严密
专业英语的特点
1. 文体特点
2. 词汇特点
3. 语法特点
二、专业英语的词汇特点
1. 医药科技英语词汇主要来自于英语、希腊语、拉 丁语及现代英语等。
来自英语：
code of conduct thesis (希腊语） board of directors formula (拉丁语）
(3) 复合词
bond-covalent anti-infectives habit-forming mother-to-be
bond-ionic double-blind joint-venture ion-selective electrode
ion-exchange
blood-brain barrier
(2) 广泛采用名词连用形式
safety range
target cell
surface tension
surface activity
molecular pharmacology
molecular biology
side effect
3. 专业英语词汇具体特点：
(1) 广泛使用表示动作或状态的抽象名词，以及有 名词功用的动名词 (2) 广泛采用名词连用形式 (3) 复合词 (4) 缩略词
definite sickness could result when something was
missing from the diet.
2）被动句
The disease is caused by a virus.
The blood flow may be increased by more rapid
公司
徽标
Introduction to Pharmaceutical English
药学专业英语绪论
主讲教师：刘敏 药学院 生物技术药物教研室（11#A519）
学习药学英语的重要性 专业学习 毕业
工作
教学目的
1. 掌握一定的药学专业词汇
2. 培养专业英语的阅读能力
3. 培养专业英语的写作能力
教学安排
组分,优化大黄游离蒽醌化合物的提取工艺。
3. 专业英语词汇具体特点：
(1) 广泛使用表示动作或状态的抽象名词，以及有 名词功用的动名词 (2) 广泛采用名词连用形式 (3) 复合词 (4) 缩略词
(1) 广泛使用表示动作或状态的抽象名词，动名词
the standardization of the product absorption rate constant
直接从希腊语和拉丁语中吸收: 利用希腊语和拉丁语的词素（前缀或后缀）构成：
hyper- (hypertension) -logy (Pharmacology)
2. 专业英语词汇的词义单一，具有准确性和 严密性的特点。 Objective ：Extract total dissociated anthraquinones from rhubarbs and then separate every single component from the
三、非限定动词（非谓语动词） Antioxidants, in research some vitamins and minerals, To encouragefound clinical in supporting the can snuff out oxygen free radicals, substances that drug development program and to improve on theare thought cells more susceptible to has cancer. quality to of make clinical trials, the government established five often national GCP clinical research centers These studies begin with a dose-ranging study, which are to affiliated with the top medical universities using 1/50 1/100 the effective dose in animals and
different strains of known types of respiratory viruses
cause the common cold syndrome.
It is usually possible to carry out reactions on the
lead compound itself in order to make a series of analogs.
五、长句 Although stereochemistry does play a major role
in drug’s biologic action, factors such as the lipid,
water distribution function, the PK value , or
limited date of using a drug after its production
therapeutic drug monitoring
random screening in drug discovery
method of grouping
3. 专业英语词汇具体特点：
(1) 广泛使用表示动作或状态的抽象名词，以及有 名词功用的动名词 (2) 广泛采用名词连用形式 (3) 复合词 (4) 缩略词
perhaps the rate of hydrolysis or metabolism may
differ between isomeric pairs and account for the observed differences in pharmacologic activity.
六、常用句型 1) 强调句 It is when the body temperature is rising rapidly that affected person may feel chilly. It was the first time people recognized that a
5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/
专业英语的特点
1. 文体特点
2. 词汇特点
3. 语法特点
一、药学专业英语的文体特点
特点： 严谨周密，概念准确， 逻辑性强，行文简练， 重点突出，句式严整， 常用前置性陈述句或者被动语态。
举例
People use gas chromatography [, krɔmə'tɔgrəfi] in many different fields. Gas chromatography is used in many different fields.
total dissociated anthraquinones, optimize the rhubarbs
extraction process.
anthraquinones [,ænθrəkwi’nəun ] 蒽醌, rhubarbs [ ru:’bɑ:bs] 大黄
目的:从药材大黄中提取游离蒽醌类化合物并分离其各个
in the country. increasing until the desired effect, or adverse effects,
are seen.
四、后置定语
No uniform scheme for Phase 4 supervision has yet
been established, but few doubt the necessity of collecting this information on low-frequency adverse effects. One of the most studied antioxidants in vegetables and fruits （which were）thought to protect against cancer is beta-carotene, concentrated in deep green, yellow and orange vegetables such as carrots, sweet potatoes and spinach.
3. tri ：三，丙 triangle 三角， trinitroglycerol 三硝基甘油 tricarboxylic acid cycle 三羧酸循环
常用前缀、后缀
5. anti- ：反，抗，阻，排斥
antidote 解毒药 antibody 抗体
6. aqu-：水
aqueous 水的 aquarium 水族馆
GSP (Good Supply Practice) GCP (Good Clinical Practice) GLP (Good Laboratory Practice) QSAR (quantitative structure-activity relationship) TDM (therapeutic drug monitoring)
and vigorous heart action.
It has been suggested that early treatment of
streptococcal infections with penicillin may prevent
nephritis.
3) It 作形式主语
It is estimated that more than 90 antigenically
3. 专业英语词汇具体特点：
(1) 广泛使用表示动作或状态的抽象名词，以及有 名词功用的动名词 (2) 广泛采用名词连用形式 (3) 复合词 (4) 缩略词
(4) 缩略词
OTC (over the counter) FDA (Food and drug Administration)
GMP (good manufacturing practice)
专业英语的特点
1. 文体特点
2. 词汇特点
3. 语法特点
三、专业英语的句法特点
1、大量使用名词化结构
2、广泛使用被动语句
3、非限定动词
4、后置定语
5、长句wenku.baidu.com6、常用句型
一、大量使用名词化结构
（1a）If you expose the item for long, it will rapidly deteriorate.
专业英语的翻译原则及步骤
信-忠实 理解阶段
达-流畅
表达阶段
准-准确
校正阶段
表达数量含义的基本词素
1. haplo, mono, uni ：单，一，独 haploid 单倍体 monoxide一氧化碳 monoatomic 单原子的
2. bi,di,dipl,twi,du ： 二，双，两，偶 bicolor 双色 dichromatic 双色的 diplobacillus 双杆菌 dikaryon 双核体
1. 学时分配： 32学时
2. 教学进度： 第1周：专业英语绪论 第1-8周：专业英语各论学习 第8周：综合复习、考试
3. 考试
平时成绩（40%）+闭卷考试（60%）
参考书籍及相关网站
1.《药学英语》 章国斌 编著，复旦大学出版社，2007 . 2.《药学英语》 李有贵 编著，高等教育出版社，2009. 3.《药学英语》 胡廷熹 编著，人卫出版社，2008. 4. 《药学英语》课程网站：http://61.153.27.166/ec 温州医学院主页/数字资源/教学平台/药学英语
（1b）Prolonged exposure will result in rapid deterioration of item.
二、广泛使用被动语句
(1a) You must pay attention to the temperature of the
reaction. (1b) Attention must be paid to the temperature of the reaction.