三 介词提前的定语从句
限制性定语从句以及非限制性定语从句的区分、用法
限制性定语从句以及非限制性定语从句的区分、用法限制性定语从句以及非限制性定语从句的区分、用法根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去；非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。
以下是店铺整理的限制性定语从句以及非限制性定语从句的区分、用法，一起来看看吧。
一、限制性定语从句1.关系代词that既可代表事物也可代表人，which只代表事物，它们在从句中作主语或宾语。
在从句中作宾语时常可省略。
I was the only person in our office that was invited to the palace ball．The present that（which）I received last week was from my sister．This is a book which is about space rocket technology．2.关系代词who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语。
如：This is the man who helped me．The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room．3. whose是关系代词，修饰名词，作定语，相当于who和whom 的所有格，既可以修饰人又可以修饰物。
如：Do you know the student whose name is Wang Fei？We lived in a room whose window opens to the west.4. where是关系副词，用来引导表示地点的定语从句，where在从句中作状语。
如：At last we arrived at a small village where we’ll work for a week.5. when是关系副词，引导定语从句表示时间，在从句中作状语。
定语从句中的介词可提前的全部情况
定语从句中的介词可提前的全部情况关系代词whom或which在定语从句中作介词宾语时,介词可放在后面,也可提前构成介词+关系代词whom (先行词指人)/which(先行词指物)引导定语从句(这种方法更为正式)。
例: Mary is the girl whom I borrowed a book from. = Mary is the girl from whom I borrowed a book. 玛丽就是我向她借书的那个女孩。
Is this the room that/which he once lived in? = Is this the room in which he once lived? 这是他曾经住过的房子吗?常见的有以下几种情况:1. where=in/on which 例:This is the room where / in which he lives.这是他住的房间。
I can see the playground where / on which they do sports.我能看见他们进行运动的操场。
2. when= on/in/at which 例:I still remember the year when/ in which I joined the Party.我仍然记得入党的那一年。
I still remember the day when/on which I joined the Party. 我仍然记得入党的那一天。
I still remember the hour when/at which the rocket was launched.我仍然记得那个火箭发射的时刻。
3. why=for which 例:This is the reason why / for which he was killed.这是他被杀害的原因。
但下列情况下介词不能提前:⑴用who代替whom,用that代替which时,介词不能提前。
2022年高考定语从句
★基础知识双向细目图★★高考考试双向细目表★考试内容教学专题命题内容考查频度考查方式弱中强选择完形阅读写作听力定语从句定语从句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句介词提前的定语从句√关系词的使用★一对一教学起点★定语从句的基本概念及分类一、基本概念1．先行词被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词，定语从句必须放在先行词之后。
如：This is the engineer who will give us a talk．这就是要给我们讲课的工程师。
（who will give us a talk是定语从句，先行词是engineer。
）注意：有时先行词是在关系代词前的整个句子。
如：They sent my child to the school every morning，which I considered a great helpto me．他们每天上午送我的孩子上学，我认为这对我是极大的帮助。
（先行词是句子They sent my child to the school everymorning。
）2．关系词（1）关系代词的作用有三个a．连接作用：关系代词引导从句，把它和主句连接起来；b．替代作用：关系代词在从句中代替在它前面的先行词；c．成分作用：关系代词在从句中总是充当一个句子成分。
3．关系代词用法分类在定语从句中充当的成分非限定性定语从句限定性定语从句人事物其他人事物其他主语或者表语Whowhich that/whothat/which宾语who/whomwhich that/who/whomthat/which定语Whosewhose whosewhose状语When/where when/Where/whyThe man who has just left is my nephew．刚刚走的那个人是我的侄子。
（who为关系代词，指人，在句中做主语）The people whom you met in the hall yesterday are doctors.（2）关系副词where，when或why引导定语从句，在从句中用作状语，代替先行词分别表示地点、时间和原因。
介词提前的定语从句
介词提前的定语从句在英语语法中，定语从句是一种常用的句子结构，用于修饰名词或代词。
它通过引导词（关系代词或关系副词）与先行词之间的关系来提供进一步的信息。
在定语从句中，我们通常将引导词放在句子的末尾。
然而，在某些情况下，我们可以将介词提前到定语从句的引导词之前，以达到一种更加自然和流畅的表达方式。
介词提前的定语从句的常见情况是在关系代词之前加上介词。
这样做的好处是使句子更加简洁明了，并且可以避免使用复杂的介词短语结构。
例如：1.The book on which I'm reading is very interesting.→The book I'm reading is very interesting.（我正在读的那本书非常有趣。
）2.The girl with whom I went to the party is my best friend.→The girl I went to the party with is my best friend.（我和她一起去参加派对的那个女孩是我最好的朋友。
）3.The restaurant in which we had dinner last night was expensive.→The restaurant we had dinner in last night was expensive.（我们昨晚吃饭的那家餐厅很贵。
）通过将介词提前，我们可以使句子更加简洁，并且更符合日常口语的表达习惯。
这种结构在口语和书面语中都非常常见，而且能够帮助我们更好地理解句子的含义。
需要注意的是，不是所有的介词都可以提前到定语从句的引导词之前。
只有一些常见的介词，如with、in、on、for等可以进行提前。
而其他一些介词，如to、at、from等则不能进行提前。
因此，在使用介词提前的定语从句时，我们需要根据具体的语境和常用表达习惯来判断是否适用。
定语从句语法讲解
定语从句语法讲解定语从句语法讲解“定语从句（也称关系从句、形容词性从句），是指一类由关系词（英语：relative word）引导的从句,因为这类从句的句法功能多是做定语，所以曾被称为定语从句，下面店铺为大家带来的定语从句语法讲解！一、知识点梳理充当定语修饰名词或代词的从句称为定语从句。
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。
定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后，由一定的连接词引导，连接词称为关系代词(which,that,as,whom,who,whose)或关系副词(when,where,why)1、限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句起对先行词进行限定、区分的作用。
若去掉易产生歧义或使主句意义不明确。
(此类定语从句前后没有逗号)【eg】The dress that my mother bought for me is very beautiful. 我妈妈给我买的裙子很漂亮。
⑵非限定性定语从句与先行词之间的关系比较松散，只对先行词起说明和描述的作用。
若省去，剩余部分意义仍然完整，表达清楚。
(此类定语从句前后用逗号隔开)【eg】Your writings , which everyone admires , are verymarvelous.你的作品人人欣赏，实在是太了不起了。
Shakespeare , whose plays are popular , was a greatwriter.莎士比亚是个伟大的作家，他的剧作很受欢迎。
⑶某些情况下，一个定语从句既可以作限定性定语从句，又可以作为非限定性定语从句，但二者含义有差别。
【eg】There are ten cars here which are made in China.这里有十辆中国制造的车。
(这里可能还有其他的车) There are ten cars here , which are made in China. 这里有十辆车，它们都是中国制造的。
定语从句介词提前用法
定语从句介词提前用法定语从句是英语中非常重要的一种语法结构，它可以用来修饰名词或代词，进一步描述或限定其所指的对象。
而介词提前则是定语从句中常用的一种表达方式，它可以使句子更加简洁明了，也更符合英语语言的表达习惯。
介词提前的用法可以通过以下例句来理解：1. The book on the table, which I borrowed from the library, is very interesting.这句话中，介词on被提前到定语从句的开头，修饰名词table。
定语从句的主语是I，谓语是borrowed，关系代词which指代的是book。
2. The girl in the red dress, whom I met yesterday, is my new neighbor.这句话中，介词in被提前到定语从句的开头，修饰名词dress。
定语从句的主语是I，谓语是met，关系代词whom指代的是girl。
3. The man with the beard, whose car was stolen, reported thetheft to the police.这句话中，介词with被提前到定语从句的开头，修饰名词beard。
定语从句的主语是car，谓语是was stolen，关系代词whose指代的是man。
通过以上例句可以看出，介词提前的用法可以使定语从句更加简洁明了，同时也可以使句子的语气更加自然流畅。
在实际应用中，我们可以根据需要灵活运用介词提前的用法，使句子更加优美。
除了介词提前，定语从句还有其他的表达方式，比如关系代词的省略、关系代词的替换等。
在使用定语从句时，我们需要注意以下几点：1. 关系代词的选择：在定语从句中，关系代词的选择要根据其在从句中所扮演的角色来确定。
比如，主语要用who或that，宾语要用whom或that，所有格要用whose等。
2. 关系代词的位置：在定语从句中，关系代词的位置要放在从句中所修饰的名词或代词之后，这样才能清晰地表达出其所指代的对象。
定语从句语法归纳
高一定语从句语法归纳及练习一、语法知识归纳一、基本概念（一）定语从句在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
（二）先行词被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
一般情况下，定语从句紧跟先行词。
但也有因各种原因定语从句与先行词被分割的现象。
（三）关系代词和关系副词定语从句的引导词。
与先行词关系密切，因此紧跟先行词，并在定语从句中充当一个成分。
关系代词有：who, whom, which, that和whose, 另外，as也可充当关系代词。
关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。
关系副词有：when, where和why。
在定语从句中充当状语。
二、关系代词的用法（一）基本用法根据先行词的不同，和在从句中所充当的成分不同，选用不同的关系代词。
例如：（注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分）①Do you know the professor who/that will give us a speech next week? （作主语）②I read a report about his new novel that/ which will soon be published. （作主语）③The plan that/which they argued about was settled at last. （作宾语）④This is the new secretary (who/whom/that)I would like to introduce to you. （作宾语）⑤The soldier whose legs were badly wounded was operated on without delay. （作定语）注意：关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时可以省略，充当主语时则不能。
（见上例③④）（二）关系代词that代替which的一些情况which, that 在代替物时，一般可以通用。
定语从句讲解
定语从句讲解一、定语从句概述定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语等来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。
在句子中起定语作用的从句称为定语从句。
定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词，故又称为形容词性从句。
被定语从句修饰的名词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
二关系词的用法。
关系词可分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系词指代先行词，放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又充当定语从句中的某一种成分（主语、宾语、状语等）。
引导定语从句的关系代词有"at，who，whom，whose，which;关系副词有when，where，why等。
关系词在句子中的指代作用及成分如下表1.关系代词的用法(1)who, whom的用法二者都用于指人。
who在定语从句中作主语、宾语;whom在定语从句中作宾语。
在现代英语里，有时who也可代替whom在从句中作宾语。
作宾语的关系代词who，whom可以省略(介词后作宾语的关系代词除外）。
She was the one who did most of the talking。
大部分时间都是她在说话。
（作主语） The boy who I know studies best in his class.我认识的那个男孩在班上学习最好。
（作宾语）I happened to meet the professor (who/whom) I got to know at a party. 我碰巧遇见了那位在一次聚会上认识的教授。
（作宾语，whom可用who 代替)whom在从句中作介词的宾语，且介词提到whom前面时，不能用who 代替。
Yesterday I came across a few friends with whom I went to the park.昨天我碰见了几个朋友，我和他们一起去了公园。
（句中的whom不能用who 代替）(2)whose的用法whose可以指人也可以指物，在定语从句中作定语。
定语从句动词词组
This is the room where / in which I was born.
限制性定语从句中the reason for which (why )…
非限制性定语从句中用 for which, 而不用 why
— Yes，there's one point ____ we must insist on．(江西)
A．why B．where C．how D．不填
4．D。作 宾语，可以省略。
5．we're just trying to reach a point ____ both sides will sit down together and talk．(山东) A．where B．that C．when D．which
Whoever comes will be warmly welcome. =Anyone who comes will be warmly
welcome. I will give you whatever I have. =I will give you anything that I have.
He is the only person that I want to talk to. 先行词既有人又有物时 They talked of
the things and persons that they remembered in the school.
难点 5: when; where, why 均可以用介词+which替换,
13. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from ____ effects the people are still suffering．(天津) A．that B．whose C．those D．what
inwhich,forwhich,onwhich,atwhich的不同用法
inwhich,forwhich,onwhich,atwhich的不同⽤法in which, for which, on which, at which的不同⽤法这些都是定语从句⾥⾯，由which引导的定语从句，介词提前。
in which可以翻译成在……⾥⾯for which可以翻译成为了……⽬的on which可以翻译成在……的上⾯，或具体时间的某⼀天at which可以翻译成在……⾥⾯或在……上⾯这些介词的使⽤除了意思上的区别，具体是要以which引导的从句⽽定的。
例如：(1) The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.= The school in which he once studied is very famous.(2) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for.= Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked.(3) I have a dresser in my bedroom, which there are many cosmetics on.= I have a dresser in my bedroom on which there are many cosmetics.(4)The dumpling House which he often has dumplings at is very popular.= The dumpling House is very popular, at which he often has dumplings.当然这只是介词作为基本意思的⽤法，还有⼀些固定搭配，得具体情况具体分析。
例如：The plane may be several hours late, in which case there’s no point in our waiting.（固定搭配：in the case)The speaker paused to examine his notes, at which point a loud crash was heard.（固定搭配：at the point)Ten years of hard work changed her greatly, for which reason he could hardly recognize her at first sight.（固定搭配：for the reason）The film at which I fell asleep was very boring.（Here "at which" is based on "fell asleep at the film"因为电影⽆聊⽽睡觉。
高中英语语法定语从句总结全
高中英语定语从句详解Ⅰ. 概念：(1) 定语从句：在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧接在先行词(antecedent)后面。
(2) 先行词：被定语从句修饰的成份。
先行词可以为一个词，短语，或整个主句。
(3) 引导定语从句的词叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系词的作用：1) 引导定语从句，连接主句和从句，相当于一个连词；2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份（可以做主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语）常用的关系代词: that、which、who、whom、whose,当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时，关系代词可以省略。
常用的关系副词（在从句中只作状语）: when（时间状语）、why（原因状语）、where（地点状语）可以修饰人的关系代词：that, who, whom, whose可以修饰事的关系代词：that, which, as, whose,The student who answered the question was John.I know the reason why he was so angry.The boy (whom) you are talking to is my brother.I'd like a room whose window faces the sea.定语从句三步：第一找出先行词；第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语、表语或状语）；第三选择合适的关系词。
Ⅱ. 几个关系代词的基本用法：●that: 可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语。
(指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which)(一般不用于非限制性定语从句; 不可置于介词后作宾语) 如：1. A letter that/which is written in pencil is difficult to read. (主语)2. Do you know the gentleman that/who spoke just now?3. You can take anything ( that) you like. （宾语）4. What is the question (that/which) they are talking about?5. Here is the man ( who/whom/that ) you want to see.6. She's no longer the girl ( that) she used to be before.（表语）7. Our hometown is no longer the one (that) it used to be.（= Our hometown is not the same as it used to be.= Our hometown is different from what it used to be。
超实用高考英语语法专题复习： 专题十一 定语从句
（6）当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。例：Which is the bike that you lost?哪辆是你丢的自行车？（7）有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词宜用which，另外一个宜用that。例： This is the book that you bought which you have lost.这就是你买的并且丢了的那本书。
（3）在下列习惯用语中：as (it) seems likely，as (it) often happens，as (it) was pointed out，as (it) was said earlier，as I remember (it)，as I understand (it)，as (it) appears，as is often the case，as anybody can see，as we have expected。例：Jack has won first prize, as it often happens.像往常一样，杰克得了一等奖。She has read widely in Romantic Literature, as it appears from her essay.她广泛涉猎了浪漫主义文学，这从她的文章中可以显现出来。
专题十一 定语从句
引导定语从句的关系词
ONE
距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的超实用新高考英语专题复习讲义希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！ 养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
2023年统考版高考英语总复习语法部分专题四并列句、三大从句和特殊句式 第八讲定语从句和名词性从句
①We will put off the picnic in the park until next week， when the weather may be better.
我们将把在公园的野餐推迟到下周，届时天气可能会更好。 ②Students should involve themselves in community activities where
答案与解析：where 考查定语从句。 分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从 句，先行词为campaign，空格处在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
4.[2020·江苏卷]Many lessons are now available online， from students can choose for free.
1.关系代词的基本用法
关系代词 who whom which that whose as
先行词 人 人 物
人或物 人或物 人或物
在从句中的作用 主语、宾语 宾语 主语、宾语
主语、宾语、表语 定语
主语、宾语、表语
①[2020·天津卷]Dr. Rowan， whose secretary resigned two weeks ago， has had to do all his own typing.罗文博士的秘书两周前辞职了，他现在 只能自己打字。
3.[2020·天津卷]
is described in Paragraph 4， taking a small kid to
a half－hour Story Time allows the parent to enjoy quiet reading.
1．答案与解析：which 考查定语从句。句意：由于降雨量的大量增加，河流 充满了水，这就产生了美味的鱼和虾。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词指代
大学英语语法之定语从句
是表示“时间/地点/原因”的名词。
02
定语从句的分类
定语从句 请输入您的标题
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定从的分类
限制性定语从句
无逗号隔开
非限制性定语从句 有逗号隔开
最本质的区别在于前面的先行词的范围是否明确， 是否需要修饰限定。
would pay, … (2010) 12. But the regular time it takes to get a doctoral degree in the
humanities is nine years. (2011)
关系词在定语从句中作宾语时（及物动词后的宾语或介词后的宾语）， 可以省略。
2. Immigrants are quickly fitting into this common culture, which may not be altogether elevating but is hardly poisonous. (2006)
8. But there are few places w__h_e__reclients have more grounds for complain than America. (2014)
9. That’s one reason _w__h_y_ we have launched Arc, a new publication
二的，e.g. the Great Wall, mother, father, the universe…，此时 要使用非限定性定语从句； 2. 先行词范围“相对明确”，也就是说根据上下文可以判断这个名 词的范围是否明确，此时也可以使用非限制性定语从句
(完整版)定语从句归纳及专项练习题
定语从句语法归纳及练习一、语法知识归纳一、基本概念（一）定语从句在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
（二）先行词被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
一般情况下，定语从句紧跟先行词。
但也有因各种原因定语从句与先行词被分割的现象。
（三）关系代词和关系副词定语从句的引导词。
与先行词关系密切，因此紧跟先行词，并在定语从句中充当一个成分。
关系代词有：who, whom, which, that和whose, 另外，as也可充当关系代词。
关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。
关系副词有：when, where和why。
在定语从句中充当状语。
二、关系代词的用法（一）基本用法根据先行词的不同，和在从句中所充当的成分不同，选用不同的关系代词。
例如：（注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分）①Do you know the professor who/that will give us a speech next week? （作主语）②I read a report about his new novel that/ which will soon be published. （作主语）③The plan that/which they argued about was settled at last. （作宾语）④This is the new secretary (who/whom/that) I would like to introduce to you. （作宾语）⑤The soldier whose legs were badly wounded was operated on without delay. （作定语）注意：关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时可以省略，充当主语时则不能。
（见上例③④）（二）关系代词that代替which的一些情况which, that 在代替物时，一般可以通用。
定语从句
牛津高中英语－模块一定语从句及反义疑问句一定语从句：定语从句的介绍1. 就像是一个形容词或介词短语修饰名词一样，定语从句也可以修饰名词。
定语从句所修饰的名词称为先行词。
形容词： The green team 介词短语：The team in green定语从句：The team who were wearing green2. 定语从句通常由关系代词来引导，如which, that, who, whom, whose,或关系副词来引导，如when, where, why。
关系代词可以在定语从句中担当主语，宾语，表语，定语；关系副词可以在定语从句中担当状语。
如：做主语The trees which/that are on the school campus have lost their leaves.做宾语The student whom we saw just now is the best runner in our school.做表语Jack is no longer the lazy boy that he used to be.做定语She has a brother whose name I can’t remember.做状语The school where he studied is in Shenzhen.关系词:关系代词在从句中做主语、宾语、表语的成分that 做主语、宾语、表语，指代人、物which做主语、宾语，指代物This is the story that /which we wrote for our storytelling contest.who 做主语、宾语，指代人I am going to see a friend who has just come back from the UKwhom做宾语，指代人I don’t know the name of the teacher who/whom I saw in the computer room the other day. whose 做定语，指代人、物I sat next to a girl whose name was Diane.关系副词在句子中做状语成分where 地点状语This is the church where they get marriedwhen 时间状语I will never forget the days when I worked with Helen in that factory.why 原因状语This is the reason why he left school early.定语从句用关系代词or关系副词？Step 1. 确定先行词的性质（人、物）Step 2. 看从句中的句子成分是否完整。
【原创】高中英语定语从句用法梳理
高中英语定语从句用法梳理一、什么是定语从句定义：在一个复合句中，跟在主句后修饰某一名词或代词（统称为先行词）的从句叫做定语从句(The Attributive Clause).被定语从句所修饰的词叫做先行词(Antecedent).定语从句通常跟在先行词之后,由关系词(Relatives)引出.因此,定语从句又可称为关系分句. 定语从句主要分为非限制性定语从句和限制性定语从句。
二、关系词(1)关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose, etc.(2)关系副词：when, where, why, etc.关系词既起着联系从句与主句的作用,又代替先行词在从句中担任一定的语法成分.如主句,宾语,定语,状语等.The woman who is standing by the classroom is our Chinese teacher.在此句中,the woman是先行词;关系代词who引导定语从句,同时代替先行词在从句中担任主语.This is the room where Bin Laden once lived.在此句中,the room是先行词;关系副词where引导定语从句并在从句中担任地点状语.三、关系代词引导定语从句1. Who:代替人.1) 做主语:The girl who plays the piano very well is his girlfriend.2) 做表语:She is no longer the woman who she used to be.3) 做宾语:I can't remember the man who I gave the key to.2. Whom:代替人.1) 做动词宾语:Where is the student whom Professor Nirth praised at the meeting?2) 做介词宾语:The girl with whom he was traveling is his girlfriend.注：在“介词提前”即“介词+关系代词”结构出现时，关系代词只能用whom 和which 。
定语从句语法详解
定语从句语法详解，希望能够帮助考生备考英语学科考试，赢得高分。
一、定语句子中修饰名词或代词的成分叫做定语。
定语可以由形容词，名词，不定式，分词，动名词或从句来充当。
eg: She is a beautiful girl. (形容词)I met someone funny on my way to Beijing. (形容词)(修饰不定代词的定语后置)He is an English teacher. (名词)(名词作定语时一般用单数，例外的有sports, 如a sports star)I have a lot of work to do. (不定式)The book written by a schoolboy is very popular now. (过去分词短语)We can see the rising sun. (现在分词) = the sun is rising.He is in the reading room. (动名词) = the room for readingThe boy who broke the window is Tom’s brother. (从句)注意：1.形容词作定语一般放在所修饰的词前面;但当形容词修饰的是something, anything, everything, nothing, someone, everyone, everybody, somewhere等不定代词时，要放在这些词的后面。
present (在场的), absent (缺席的)作定语时需要后置。
students present / absent2. 不定式做定语通常要放在被修饰的词后。
3 分词作定语时，即可放在所修饰词前，也可放在所修饰词后1)分词前置：单独的一个分词作定语，一般放在所修饰词前。
He is a retired worker. 他是位退休的工人2)分词后置分词在以下情况，放在所修饰词的后面i. 分词词组; There was a girl sitting there. 有个女孩坐在那里ii. 个别分词如given, left;This is the question given. 这是所给的问题iii. 修饰不定代词something等There is nothing interesting. 没有有趣的东西过去分词作定语与其修饰的词是被动关系，相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。
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三介词提前的定语从句（介词+关系代词+……）1 关系代词which, whom在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，从句可有：介词+ which\whom 引出。
如：1）Great changes are taking place in the city which they live in .Great changes are taking place in the city in which they live.2) The film which I’m speaking of is to be shown next week.The film of which I’m speaking is to be shown next week.3. This is the teacher whom I’ve learnt a lot from.This is the teacher from whom I’ve learnt a lot.4. The man whom we sent the present to is a doctor of laws.The man whom to whom we sent the present is a doctor of laws.5. The situation which we had got into was very dangerous.The situation into which we had got was very dangerous.6 The policeman whom Mr Henry is talking with is a friend of mine.The police man with whom Mr Henry is talking is a friend of mine.定语从句之关系副词一关系副词引导的定语从句1.When 表示时间，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词（如time, day , hour, year 等）。
在从句中做时间状语。
I will always remember the day . I got the first prize on the day .I will always remember the day when I got the first prize .2. where 表示地点，在定语从句中做地点状语。
其先行词往往是表示地点的名词（如place, room, house, street, area等）This is the place. My mother was born in the place.This is the place where my mother was born .This is the room . I lived in the room last year.This is the room where I lived last year.This is the village. My father worked there 3years ago.This is the village where my father worked 3years ago.3 why 引导定语从句，在从句中表示原因，做原因状语。
其先行词一般为reason.I don’t know the reason why she looks unhappy today.我不知道为什么她今天看上去不高兴The reason why he said that is quite clear. 他为什么那样说的理由是十分清楚的。
二当堂训练1 用关系副词when, where 把下列每对句子连接成定语从句。
1）I’ll never forget the day. I joined the PLA on that day._________________________________________________.2) Last autumn my sister went to the town. She was born there._____________________________________________________.3) The days are gone. During those days we used ‘foreign oil.”___________________________________________.4) Li Fang lives in that street. Do you know the street?______________________________________________________?二如何判断关系代词与关系副词1. 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。
及物动词后无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。
如：This is the mountain village where I stayed last year (stay 是不及物动词)This is the mountain village which I visited last year.(visit 是及物动词)This is the house which I bought last year.(buy是及物动词)This is the house where I lived last year.(live 是不及物动词)I will always remember the days when we worked together.(work 是不及物动词)I will always remember the days which we spent together. （spent 是及物动词）Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with each other.It was also a time when there were many great philosophers.2. 当堂训练：填空1. Is this museum _______ you visited a few days ago?2. Is this museum _____ the exhibition was held.3. It is the school _______ the film star studied when she was young .4 It is the school ________ I hated when I was young.5. It is an important day ______ I’ll never foget.6. It is an important day ______I first gave a speech in public .7. The hotel _____ they are staying is very expensive.8 The hotel ______ they bought is very expensive.三当堂检测1 The house ______ we live is not large.A. whichB. whereC. thatD. what2. The hotel _______ they are staying is very expensive.A. of whichB. at thatC. thatD. at which3. He’s got himself into a dangerous situation________ he is likely to lose control over the plane.A. WhereB. whichC. whatD. why4 Do you know the reason ______ he was late for the meeting?A. whereB.whyC. whenD. that5. The hotel _______ your father is working is the most expensive in the city.A. thatB. whereC. of whichD. \6 The small town is just the one ______ the famous film star was born.A. whichB. whereC. thatD. \定语从句之非限制性定语从句1定语从句有时跟先行词的关系并不十分密切，只是作一些附加说明，不起限制作用，这种从句称为非限制性定语从句。
这类从句往往用逗号和主句分开。
且不能用that 引导。
如：1）Mr zhang, who came to see me yesterday, is an old friend of my father’s .2.）We walked down the village street, where they were having market day .3.）Football , which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world.4 ）The person , to whom I was speaking , is my English teacher.5 ）Sun Yat-sen, who was the leader of the 1911 Revolution, first suggested the idea of a damacross the Yangtze River in 1919.6）. The Empire Sate Building, which was the tallest building at the time was finished in May 1931.2. 有时这类定语从句所修饰的不是前面某一个词，而是代表整个主句所讲的内容，通常用逗号和主句分开。
如；1）He gave his mother a Tv for her birthday, which made her happy.2) He is coming back to us, which means that he has been refused elsewhere.3）Alice did’t get the job, which made her upset.他要回到我们这儿了，这意味着他在别处遭到了拒绝。