初中英语语法-----主谓一致---(附练习题和答案)

初中英语语法-----主谓一致---(附练习题和答案)

初中英语语法精讲精练：主谓一致

主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。表现在三个方面：语法

一致；意义一致；就近一致（就近原则）。

一、语法一致(意义一致)：主语复数---- 谓语复数；主语单数----- 谓语单数

1、主语复数的情况---- 谓复

⑴people, police, staff, crowd, sheep, cattle等集体名词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。

The police are waiting for the boy.

The staff are dressed as clowns.

⑵由both…and…连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；

Both his father and his mother are both teachers. 他的爸爸和妈妈都是

老师。

⑶“定冠词+姓氏复数形式”表示一家人时，谓语一般用复数。

The Smiths are having dinner.

⑷the ＋a. 表一类人，做主语，谓语用复数；但表示抽象概念时，用单数形式：

The poor aren’t always very sad, while the rich aren’t always happy. The beautiful lives forever. 美是永存的。

2、主语单数的情况----- 谓单

⑴单数名词(代词)，不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式：

Some water is in the bottle.

The boy is playing football on the playground.

⑵many a+单数名词作主语，意义虽为“许多”，但谓语要用单数形式：

⑶more than one+单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。例如：

More than one student has ever been to Beijing. 不止一个学生曾经去过北京。

⑷表示时间，价格，重量，数目，长度等度量词或短语作主语时，常看作整体概念，谓单：

Two months is a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假。

Twenty pounds isn’t so heavy. 2 0英镑并不太重。

Ten miles isn’t a long distance. 1 0英里并不是一段很长的距离。

⑸表加减乘除的数学运算做主语，谓单：

Three plus two is five. Five minus four is one. Three times two is six.

Eight divided by four is two.

⑹each A and each B 和every A and every B 作主语，谓单：

Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。 Every man and every woman is at work. 每个男人和女人都在工作。

⑺one and a half+复数名词作主语，谓单：

One and a half hours is enough. 一个半小时足够了。

⑻动词不定式，动名词,句子作主语时，谓单：

To see is to believe 眼见为实。

Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes. 做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。

Who will be our English teacher is unknown.

⑼a/an+单数名词+or two 作主语，谓单：

⑽主语为某些词组，如one of , each of, every one of, any one of , none of 等加复数名词或代词，谓语用单数。

如：One of my favorite sports is basketball.

⑾不定代词somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything,everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing作主语，谓单：

Is everyone here today.

Something is wrong with my watch.

Nobody was in.

⑿each, either, neither, another, the other 作主语，谓语动词用单数。例如： Each of them has an English dictionary. 他们每人都有一本英语词典。 Neither answer is correct 两个答案都不正确。

⒀s结尾的表单数意义的名词作主语，谓单，如news, maths, physics等：

No news is good news. 没有消息就是好消息。

Maths is very popular in our class 在我们班数学很受欢迎。

3、谓语根据主语单复数意义来定的情况：

⑴a number of+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用复数；the number of +复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。例如：

A number of famous people were invited to party. 许多名人都被邀请参加这个聚会。

The number of the students is over eight hundred. 我们学校的学生数超过800人。