过去分词用法归纳
【英语知识点】过去分词的五种用法
【英语知识点】过去分词的五种用法过去分词是分词的一种,规则动词的过去分词一般是由动词加ed构成。
用法有:1、过去分词作表语;2、过去分词作定语;3、过去分词作状语;4、过去分词作宾语补足语;5、with+宾语+过去分词结构。
过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别:过去分词作表语,主要是表示主语的状态,而被动语态则表示动作。
(1)The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday.茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的.(是被动语态,表示动作)(2)The library is now closed.图书馆关门了。
(过去分词作表语)过去分词表示被动或完成,-ing形式表示主动或进行.有些动词如interest,bore,worry,surprise, frighten 等通常用其过去分词形式来修饰人,用-ing形式来修饰物.(3)The book is interesting and I'm interested in it.这本书很有趣,我对它很感兴趣。
作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词,其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词.及物动词的过去分词作定语,既表被动又表完成;不及物动词的过去分词作定语,只表完成。
1.过去分词用作定语,如果是单个的,常置于其所修饰的名词之前.We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions.我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况.2.过去分词短语用作定语时,一般置于其所修饰的名词之后,其意义相当于一个定语从句,但较从句简洁,多用于书面语中.The concert given by their friends was a success.他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功.3.过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语,前后常有逗号。
The meeting, attended by over five thousand people, weled the great hero.他们举行了欢迎英雄的大会,到会的有五千多人.4.用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰非人的事物,这种过去分词在形式上虽不直接修饰人,但它所修饰的事物仍与人直接有关.The boy looked up with a pleased expression.男孩带着满意的表情举目而视。
过去分词特殊用法大全
过去分词特殊用法大全1. 作为补足语,补充说明主语的状态过去分词也可以作为补足语,补充说明主语的状态或所经历的动作。
这种用法常用于描述主语所处的特定状态或经历的特定事件。
例如:The building, destroyed in the war, has now been rebuilt.(这座在战争中被毁的大楼现在已经重建完成。
)2. 作为定语,修饰名词过去分词也可以作为定语,修饰名词。
这种用法通常表示该名词的特征或状态。
例如:The developed country has advanced technology.(发达国家拥有先进的技术。
)3. 作为状语,表示被动或完成动作过去分词与主句中的主语形成逻辑上的被动关系,有时也表示动作已完成且与主句中的主语形成逻辑上的被动关系。
这种用法下,过去分词可以放在句首或句末,通常用来描述动作的结果或背景。
例如:Seen from the top of the mountain, the city looks like a small village.(从山顶看,这座城市就像一个小村庄。
)Seen in the dark night, lights on top of tall buildings look like stars in the sky. (seen表示被动,分词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生)。
4 用于“get+过去分词”的被动语态除了“be+过去分词”的被动语态外,有时也会使用“get+过去分词”的形式。
这种结构表示一种较为口语化、非正式的被动语态。
例如:The company got founded in 2000.(这家公司成立于2000年。
)5 用于“have+过去分词”的结构“have+过去分词”是一种常见的结构,表示使役意义。
这种结构中的have可以解释为“让”、“使”等意义,后面接过去分词表示动作的完成。
例如:I had my computer repaired this morning.(今天早上我找人修了电脑。
过去分词用法总结
习题: 1. The rooms are __C__, so you can’t move in.
A. painted
B. painting
C. being painted
D. to be painted
2. As soon as he entered the city, he __D__.
A. was losing
习题:
1.We saw the thief__c_a_u_g_h_t__ (catch) by the police.
译:我看见那个小偷被警察抓住了。 (过去分词短语作宾语补足语,表被动。)
2. I saw him _g_e_t_ti_n_g_o_n_ (get on ) the bus .
译:我看见他正在上车。 (现在分词短语作宾语补足语,表主动。动作正在进行。)
①过去分词短语做定语放在所修饰名词(词组) 之后,与其所修饰的名词(词组是)动宾关系,且 动作已经完成。 译:公元前776年举行的奥运会只持续了一天。
3. Please don’t forget him. He is one of __A_.
A. those invited
B. invited those
Seen from space, the earth looks blue. When it is seen from space, the earth looks blue.
2、表示条件 Kept in refrigerator, these vegetables will remain Fresh.
译:他喜欢ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้鲁迅写的书。
★2)形容词和副词性质表现为:过去分词(短语)在 句中可作定语、表语、状语、补足语等。
过去分词是什么?过去分词的用法、变化规则讲解
过去分词是什么?过去分词的用法、变化规则讲解过去分词是动词的一种非限定形式,过去分词兼有动词、副词和形容词的特征,可以带宾语或受状语修饰。
过去分词和宾语或状语一起构成过去分词短语。
过去分词的基本形式是“动词+ed”,但也可以有不规则的形式,不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的构成规则,要逐个记忆,过去分词一般表示完成的和被动的动作,只有一种形式,过去分词的用法主要总结如下:第一、过去分词作定语作定语用的过去分词如果是单词,一般放在被修饰的词的前面;过去分词短语作定语,则放在被修饰的词的后面Therearemanyfallenleavesontheground.地上有许多落叶Thisisabookwrittenbyapeasant.这是一本农民写的书第二、过去分词作表语过去分词作表语,多表示主语所处的状态Iwaspleasedatthenews.听了这消息我很高兴第三、过去分词作宾语补足语过去分词可以在see,hear,notice,watch,keep,find,get,have,feel等动词后与名词(代词)构成复合宾语IoftenhearthesongsunginEnglish.我常听人用英语唱这首歌第四、过去分词作状语过去分词短语常用作状语,修饰谓语,说明动作发生的背景或情况。
这类状语大多数放在句子前部(主语前面),也有少数可以放在句子后部(谓语后面),或者插在中间(主语后面)Theprofessorcamein,followedbyagroupofyoungpeople.教授走进来,后面跟着一群年轻人1、表原因,相当于一个原因状语从句Thechildrensoonfeelasleep,exhaustedbythejourney.由于旅途劳累,孩子们很快就睡着了2、表时间,相当于一个时间状语从句Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.从山上看这个公园非常漂亮3、假设的情况,相当于一个条件状语从句Givenmoretime,wecoulddoitmuchbetter.多给点时间,我们会做得更好些4、表让步,相当于一个让步状语从句Beatenbytheoppositeteam,theplayerswerenotdiscouragedandpractisedevenharder.虽然被对方打败,但队员们没有泄气,更加刻苦训练5、表伴随情况,这种用法没有与之相当的状语从句可以代替Hecameback,utterlyexhausted.他回来时,疲惫不堪相关推荐过去分词是动词的一种非限定形式,过去分词兼有动词、副词和形容词的特征,可以带宾语或受状语修饰。
过去分词的用法有哪些
=We must keep a secret of the things which are being discussed here.
我们必须对这里讨论的问题保密。
(2)如指未来的情况,都用不定式的被动形式。
=If all things are considered, her paper is of greater value than yours.
3.He lay in bed with his head covered.(方式状语)
他躺在床上,盖着头。
4.He lay on his back, his teeth set, his right hand clenched on his breast and his glaring eyes looking straight upward.
(1)The books dealing with the Long March are sold out.
=The books which deal with the Long March are sold out.
有关长征的书售完了。
(2)The books written by Guo Jinming are popular with young people.
=The books which were written by Guo Jinming…
郭敬民写的书很受年青人的欢迎。
例5.No computer so far ______ can have the same ability as human rights.
过去分词的用法
过去分词的用法1. 分词的定义动词的-ed分词即过去分词,是由动词的过去分词构成,一般只有一种形式。
2. 过去分词的语法作用过去分词一方面具有动词的性质,另一方面也相当于一个形容词或副词,在句中可以作表语、定语、状语和补足语。
3. 过去分词作表语1)过去分词作表语,主要表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态。
如:Don’t touch the glass because it is broken. 不要碰那个杯子,它是坏的。
He is quite pleased with the design of the dress. 她很喜欢那礼服的式样。
2)及物动词的过去分词作表语,与句子主语是被动关系,表示主语的状态,既表示被动,又表示完成。
The cup is broken. 茶杯破了。
3)不及物动词的过去分词作表语,与句子主语是主动关系,表示主语的状态,只表示动作的完成。
He is retired. 他已退休。
4)过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别:过去分词作表语,主要是表示主语的状态,而被动语态则表示动作。
The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday. 茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的。
(是被动语态,表示动作)The library is now closed. 图书馆关门了。
(过去分词作表语)4. 过去分词作定语1)单个的过去分词作定语一般放在名词的前面,相当于一个定语从句。
The excited people rushed into the building. 激动的人们奔进了大楼。
=The people who were excited rushed into the building.2)过去分词短语作定语通常放在被修饰的词后面,相当于一个定语从句。
The suggestion made by the foreign expert was adopted by the manager.外国专家提出来的建议被经理采纳了。
英语语法:过去分词的5种用法
英语语法:过去分词的5种用法
过去分词,我们常用done来表示。
在英语里,它有哪些用法呢?
一、构成“完成时”
英语时态里的完成时,表达某件事、动作已经“完成”,如果是现在的时刻已完成,就是“现在完成时”,如果是过去的时刻已完成,就是过去完成时。
完成时要用:have(has、had)作为助动词,再用过去分词,作为实义动词。
现在完成时:have(has) + done
过去完成时:had + done
将来完成时:will + have + done
过去将来完成时:would + have + done
上面的完成时,都要用到done(过去分词)。
I have seen the film.我看过这个电影了。
seen就是see的过去分词,意思是:这个电影我看过了。
二、构成“被动语态”
我吃了苹果,是主动的“语序”,而“苹果被我吃”,就是被动的“语序”。
这种被动的“语序”,就是“被动语态”。
被动语态的结构就是:
主语+ be动词+ done过去分词
也就是说,被动语态里,都要用到过去分词。
具体而言,一句话是“完成时”还是“被动语态”,主要看前面的助动词。
如果前面的助动词是have、has、had,就是完成时态,表示某事已做完,如果前面的助动词是be动词(am、is、are、was、were),就是被动语态,表示某个事被做。
The tree is cut by the man. 这棵树被那个男的砍了。
这里的cut,是过去分词(和原型写法一样)。
如果换成主动语态,就是:
The man cuts the tree. 这个男的砍了树。
过去分词的用法总结
过去分词的用法总结过去分词是英语语法中一种常见的语态形式,它既可以作为形容词修饰名词,也可以用作动词的非谓语形式。
掌握过去分词的正确用法,能够提升我们的英语表达能力。
下面将就过去分词的几种常见用法进行总结。
一、过去分词作为形容词修饰名词过去分词常用来修饰名词,表示被动、完成或状态。
它可以单独使用,也可以与系动词连用。
例如:1. The broken window needs to be repaired.这扇破损的窗户需要修理。
2. They were accompanied by their loyal dog.他们被他们忠诚的狗陪伴着。
二、过去分词作为动词的非谓语形式过去分词还可以用作动词的非谓语形式,常与助动词 "have" 或 "be" 连用,表达完成的动作或被动的意义。
例如:1. They have finished their homework.他们已经完成了作业。
2. The book was written by a famous author.这本书是由一位著名作家所写的。
三、过去分词表示原因或原因结果关系过去分词还可以用来表示某种情况或行为的原因或结果。
例如:1. The heavy rain caused the streets to flood.大雨导致了街道的积水。
2. I was exhausted from working all day.我因为整天工作而筋疲力尽。
四、过去分词与时间、情感的关系过去分词也可以表示某种情感或状态。
例如:1. She was pleased with the results of the exam.她对考试的结果感到满意。
2. We were surprised by their sudden departure.他们突然离开让我们感到惊讶。
总结来说,过去分词在英语语法中具有广泛的应用。
它可以作为名词的修饰语、动词的非谓语形式,表示被动、完成或状态。
过去分词用法小结
过去分词用法小结一、作定语形式:done , being done , to be done条件:常放于名词之后,且与所修饰名词构成被动关系。
我们不应该怀疑专家们得出的这个结论。
We shouldn’t suspect the conclusion (drawn by the experts).主谓宾定语注:得出(draw)和所修饰的名词(conclusion)构成被动关系,且“得出”这一动作已经发生,故用done的形式。
Do you know the boy (being blamed for telling lies)?主谓宾定语注:指责(blame)和所修饰名词(boy)构成被动关系,且“指责”这一动作正在进行,故用being done的形式。
于明年修建的这家医院将配备先进的医疗设备。
The hospital (to be constructed next year) will be equipped with 主定谓advanced equipment.宾注:修建(construct)与所修饰名词(hospital)构成被动关系,且“修建”这一动作发生在将来,故用to be done的形式。
二、作宾语补足语形式:done条件:在所有的宾补结构中,只要宾语和作宾语补足语的动词构成被动关系,一律用done的形式。
补充:能够引导宾补结构的词——1、使让动词make, have, let, get, keep, leave2.感官动词:see, watch, notice, observe, hear, feel, find……3.意愿动词: wish, want……4.介词:with他听到自己的名字在会议上被提到了。
He heard his name <referred to> at the meeting.主谓宾宾语补足语注:作宾语补足语的动词“提及”(refer to)与宾语(his name)构成被动关系,故用done的形式来冲当宾语补足语。
过去分词用法总结
过去分词一.作定语形式:done/ being done/ to be done条件:常放于名词之后,且与所修饰名词构成被动关系。
我们不应该怀疑专家们得出的这个结论。
We shouldn’t suspect the conclusion(drawn by the experts).主谓宾定语注:得出(draw)和所修饰名词(conclusion)构成被动关系,且“得出这一动作已发生,故用done的形式你认识那个因撒谎正在受到责备的男孩吗?Do you know the boy (being blamed for telling lies)?主谓宾定语注:指责(blame)和所修饰名词(boy)构成被动关系,且“指责”这动作正在进行,故用being done的形式。
于明年修建的这家医院将配备先进医疗设备。
The hospital (to be constructed next year) will be equipped with advanced 主定语谓equipment.宾注:修建(construct)与所修饰名词(hospital)构成被动关系,且修建这动作发生在将来,故用to be done的形式。
二.作宾语补足语形式:done条件:在所有的宾补结构中,只要宾语和作宾补的动词构成被动关系,一律用done的形式。
补充:能够引导宾补结构的词:1.使让动词make,have,let,get,keep,leave2.感官动词:see, watch, notice, observe, hear, feel, find…3.意愿动词:wish, want…4.介词:with他听到自己的名字在会议上被提到了。
He heard his name <referred to> at the meeting.主谓宾宾语补足语注:作宾补的动词提及(refer to)与宾语(his name)构成被动关系,故用done的形式来充当宾补。
英语过去分词的用法
英语过去分词的用法
英语过去分词的用法主要包括以下几个方面:
1.作定语:过去分词作定语时,如果是单词,一般放在所修饰的名词之前。
如果是过去分词短语,要放在所修饰的名词的后面,它的作用相当于一个定语从句。
2.作表语:过去分词作表语时,主要与连系动词be连用,表示主语的状态或已经完成的动作。
3.作宾语补足语:当过去分词作宾语补足语时,句子的宾语就是该过去分词的逻辑宾语。
4.作状语:过去分词作状语时,可以表示时间、条件、方式、伴随、让步等。
5.用于完成时态:在现在完成时态和过去完成时态中,需要使用过去分词形式。
以上只是过去分词的基本用法,实际使用中还需要结合具体的语境和语法规则进行判断。
过去分词用法总结
过去分词用法总结过去分词是动词的另一种非限定形式,在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。
一、过去分词作定语1. 一般情况下,单个分词作前置定语,过去分词短语作后置定语。
如:a used car旧车,a playground built last year去年修建的一个操场。
2. 及物动词的过去分词表示“被动”和完成”。
Many people questioned refused to answer. 被问的许多人都拒绝回答。
Five people won the “China’s Green Figure” award, a title given to ordinary people for their contributions to environmental protection. 五人获得了“中国绿色人物奖”,这是一个颁给对环保有贡献的普通人物的奖项。
3. 不及物动词的过去分词作前置定语,只表示“完成”,不表示被动。
如:the risen sun已升起的太阳,fallen leaves落叶。
4. astonish, disappoint, encourage, excite, frighten, interest, move, please, puzzle, satisfy, surprise, tire等表示心理状态的动词的过去分词作定语,表示被修饰的词所具有的特征,意为“感到……的”。
(其现在分词表示所修饰的词本身所处的状态,意为“令人……的”)。
Mr. Smith, tired of the tiring speech, started to read a novel. 史米斯先生厌倦了乏味的演讲,开始读小说。
This is a boring lecture. 这是一个令人厌烦的报告。
The excited children couldn't go to sleep all night long.这些兴奋的孩子整个晚上无法入睡。
高中英语过去分词用法详解解析
存在着逻辑上的被动关系, 且表示该动
作已经完成。单个的过去分词作定语,
通常置于被修饰的词的前面, 而分词短
语作定语, 则须置于被修饰词的后面。
用过去分词作状语来改写句子。
1. As I was worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days. → Worried _______________________ about the journey , I was unsettled for the first few days.
the fire
Find out the sentences with same meaning.
1. As I was worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days. Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.
Difference between the Present Participle and the Past Participle _____for a long time, the book looks old. Used 由于用了很长时间,这本书看上去很旧. ______ Using the book, I find it useful. 在使用的过程中,我发现这本书很有用. Looking at her, he jumped with joy. ________ _______at Looked by her, he jumped with joy.
的动作发生在谓语动词之前, 则可使用现在
过去分词的用法
重点语法:一、过去分词作表语:1、过去分词作表语并无完成或被动之意,而是表示主语状态或思想感情等。
例句:No wonder he is excited!He looked worried after reading the letter.When we heard of it, we were deeply moved.He seemed quite delighted at the idea.2、可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有:amused 愉快的 connected 连接的 broken 碎了的 closed 关闭的completed 完成的 astonished 吃惊的 covered 覆盖的 crowded 拥挤的delighted 高兴的 disappointed失望的 dressed 穿着的 drunk 喝醉的experienced 有经验的 gone 遗失的 lost 丢失的 worried 担忧的interested 有兴趣的 tired 劳累的 pleased 高兴的 satisfied 满意的surprised 吃惊的 married 已婚的 known 著名的例句:The children are really excited about going to the zoo.孩子们对去动物园都很兴奋。
(表示一种感受)His wound became infected with a new virus.他的伤口感染了一种新的病毒。
(表示一种状态)3、注意区分过去分词作表语和被动语态分词作表语表示主语的状态,被动语态则表示被动的动作。
例:My glasses are broken.My glasses are broken by my son.On the earth, 70% of the surface is covered with water.I was greatly surprised by the knock at the door.二、过去分词作定语:done作定语时,其语法功能相当于一个定语从句。
过去分词用法详解
过去分词的用法一、构成:规则动词的过去分词是有动词原形+ed构成的,不规则动词则有各自构成。
二、基本特点:过去分词在句子中的基本用法有两点:1.与逻辑主语之间是被动关系2.表示完成的动作三、过去分词的用法:1.作表语:过去分词作表语时,一般同时具备被动与完成的含义例如:(1)The cup isbroken. (2)He isretired. (3)After running,he istired.【注意】过去分词作表语时,已经变成形容词性质,主要表示主语的状态(被动完成),而被动语态则表示动作.例如:(1) The cupwas brokenby my little sister yesterday.茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的.(是被动语态,表示动作)(2)The cup is nowbroken.茶杯碎了.(过去分词作表语,表示状态)【注意】有些动词如interest, bore, worry, surprise, frighten等通常用其过去分词形式来修饰人,表示''感到……〃用-ing形式来修饰物,表示〃令人……〃例如:The book isinterestingand I'minterestedin it.这本书很有趣,我对它很感兴趣.2.做定语作定语用的过去分词其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词.及物动词的过去分词作定语,既表被动又表完成;不及物动词的过去分词作定语,只表完成.1)单一过去分词作定语,常置于其所修饰的名词之前,称作前置定语。
例如:We must adapt our thinking to thechangedconditions.我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况.2)过去分词短语用作定语时,一般置于其所修饰的名词之后,相当于一个定语从句,称作后置定语。
1 /11例如:The concertgiven by their friendswas a success.他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功.3)过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语,前后常有逗号.例如:The meeting,attended by over five thousand people, welcomed the great hero.4)用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以修饰与人有关的表情,面貌,举止行为以及感觉等,这时不能用v-ing形式例如:The boy looked up with apleasedexpression.Hissatisfiedlook showed that he had passed this exam.3.作状语作状语的过去分词在句子中多表示被动和完成两重含义。
过去分词的用法
过去分词的用法过去分词在句中可以1)构成谓语:a. 和have一道构成完成时态或非谓语动词的完成形式:I haven’t been out much recently.我最近没太出门。
I knew you had been busy. 我知道你一直很忙。
I’m sorry not to have given you enough help. 对不起没给你足够的帮助。
Having read the instructions, she snatched up the fire extinguisher. 看完说明书之后,她抓起了灭火器。
b. 和be一道构成被动语态或非谓语动词的被动形式:The letter has been opened! 信被人拆开了。
He was said to have been arrested. 据说他被捕了。
2)用作表语:I am awfully worried. Daddy is ill.我很着急,我爸爸病了。
3)用作定语:She had a worried look on her face. 他满面愁容。
4)构成复合宾语:She wanted the work finished by Friday. 他要求这工作星期五前完成。
5)作状语:Aroused by the crash, he leapt to his feet. 他被撞击声惊醒,一跃站起身来。
过去分词只有一种形式,在大多数时候下都有被动的意思。
2、过去分词作表语编辑本段回目录1) 过去分词作表语的时候很多(其中有很多已变成形容词):He was amazed and enchanted at the sight. 看到这情景他感到惊异着迷。
She was annoyed at your saying that. 你这样讲她很不高兴。
We were so bored that we couldn’t help yawning. 我们烦得要命禁不住打哈欠。
过去分词的用法全面(共46张PPT)
case.
2. v-ed作定语与定语从句的互换: (1) 若是vt.的过去分词作定语表示已经完成的 动作,且含有被动意义,可改成v.用被动形 式的定语从句。
eg: surprisng; moved/ moving...
二、作定语 (attribute)
1. 前置定语:单个的v-ed作定语,一般放在 被修饰的n.之前; 后置定语:v-ed短语作定语时,常被放在被 修饰的n.之后,相当于一个定语从句。 eg: an invited guest 一位受到邀请的客人
过去分词所充当的成分:
一、作表语 (predicative)
1. 过去分词作表语,表示主语的心理感觉或 所处的状态,其用法相当于adj.,放在系动 词后面。 eg: The door remained locked till 7 o’clock.
eg: I am pleased with the result of the
eg: The injured bird lay on the ground.
eg: a letter written in blue ink
eg: The boy named Tom is my brother.
注意:
如果被修饰的词是复合不定代词或指示代词 those等时,即使是一个单一的分词作定语也 要放在被修饰的词之后。
eg: The letter posted today will reach you in a week. =
The letter which was posted today will...
过去分词的用法
做个题吧!
1.The speaker raised her voice,hoping to make herself__h_e_a_rd___(hear). 2.My cellphone has broken down and I want it__re_p_a_ir_e_d_(repair) soon. 3.With the important documents___g_o_n_e___(go),I found it very difficult to go on with my work. 4.I was__s_u_rp_r_is_e_d__(surprise) to find my hometown__c_h_an_g_e_d_(change) so much. 5.She wants her paintings__d_i_sp_l_a_ye_d__(display) in the gallary,but we don't think they will be very popular.
2.位置 ① 前置定语:放在所修饰词之前。 Many used computers will be sold in this market.
② 后置定语:放在所修饰词之后,相当于一个定语从句。 He is a teacher loved by his students.
做个题吧!
1.With___fa_l_le_n___(fall) leaves buried in the earth every year, the soil becomes richer and richer. 2.The__p_u_z_z_le_d__(puzzle) look on his face suggested that he didn't grasp what I said.
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过去分词用法归纳-标准化文件发布号:(9556-EUATWK-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DDQTY-KII过去分词用法归纳 Mar 7, 2011过去分词主要表示被动,可表示发生在过去,所以叫过去分词。
也可以无时间概念,只表示被动。
过去分词用法:状语、定语、补语、表语。
一.状语情况 1:表“被动”的状语从句可简化成过去分词做状语。
表示条件、时间、让步的连词可保留,如if, when, although。
表原因的不保留,如because 等。
1) He won’t go to the party tomorrow, if he is not invited.He won’t go to the party, if not invited.2) When she was asked about her age, she kept silent.When asked about her age, she kept silent.3) Once it is formed, a bad habit is hard to kick.Once formed, a bad habit is hard to kick.进一步练习:1) If it is seen from the mountain, the city looks more beautiful.Seen from the mountain, the city looks more beautiful.2) If it is heated to 100 degrees Centigrade, water boils.Heated to 100 degrees Centigrade, water boils.3) The problems, if they are not solved properly, will seriously affect the relations of nations.The problems, if not solved properly, will seriously affect the relations of nations.4) Although he was warned of the danger, the boy still went skating on the ice.2Although warned of the danger, the boy still went skating on the ice.5) When he was dressed in a uniform, he looked more like a cook than a doctor. Dressed in a uniform, he looked more like a cook than a doctor.6) Because it is made of plastics, the machine is very light.Made of plastics, the machine is very light.7) Because it was written carelessly, your homework is full of mistakes.Written carelessly, your homework is full of mistakes.8) Because he was lost in thought, he almost ran into a car in front of him.Lost in thought, he almost ran into a car…9) Because he was faced with a tough problem, the headmaster was having a hard time.Faced with a tough problem, the headmaster was having a hard time.10) Because he is interested in English, he listens to VOA every day.Interested in English, he listens to VOA every day.但:1) Before it is used, the machine must be tested.= Before being used, the machine must be tested.2) He was very unhappy after he was punished by his teacher.=He was very unhappy after being punished by his teacher.(说明:在第二种句式里before 和after 是介词。
)情况2:过去分词表状态,词形被动,语义不被动。
1)Dressed in red, she looks beautiful.2)Lost in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.3)Seated at the front of the classroom, he listened carefully to the teacher.4)Faced with so much trouble, he was not able to finish the work on time.情况3:表“被动”的并列句,可简化成过去分词做伴随状语。
31) The teacher stood there and he was surrounded by the students.The teacher stood there, surrounded by the students.2) "I didn't do it on purpose," said Harry and he was annoyed."I didn't do it on purpose," said Harry, annoyed.3) The man went to bed drunk.The man went to bed and he was drunk.进一步练习:1) After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home and he was exhausted.After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home, exhausted. (04 上海)高考题:1)________ by the question, the speaker didn’t know what to say.A. Having shockedB. ShockedC. ShockingD. Be shocked ( B )2) No matter how frequently _____, the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world. (2006广东卷)A. performedB. performingC. to be performedD. being performed ( A )3) _____ last month, the book is ready for printing.A. CompletedB. Being completedC. Having completedD. To complete ( A)4) _____ for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits. (06福建)A. BlamingB. BlamedC. To blameD. To be blamed ( B )5) _____ into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns. (05上海)A. PutB. PuttingC. Having putD. Being put ( A )46) When first ______ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. (04吉林)A. introducingB. introducedC. introduceD. being introduced ( B )7) _____ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player.A. Having givenB. To giveC. GivingD. Given8) Generally speaking, ______ according to the directions, the drug has no sideeffect. (03上海) A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken ( B )9) When ____, the museum will be open to the public next year. (02上海)A. completedB. completingC. being completedD. to be completed ( A )10) The research is so designed that once _____ nothing can be done to change it.(02上海)A. beginsB. having begunC. beginningD. begun ( D )二.定语过去分词做定语,相当于一个表“被动”的定语从句。
1) Lost time is lost forever.= Time which is lost is lost forever.2) There are several programs that are broadcast in English.= There are several programs broadcast in English.3) The net bar, which was opened last month, is popular with the middle schoolstudents nearby.= The net bar, opened last month, is popular with the middle school students nearby.4) The young lady, who is dressed in white, is my daughter’s English teacher.5= The young lady, dressed in white, is my daughter’s English teacher.高考难题:1) --- Can those ____ at the back of the classroom hear me(2008)--- No problem.A. seatB. sitC. seatedD. sat ( C;seated = who are seated )2) Five people won the “China’s Green Figure” award, a title ____ to ordinary people for their contributions to environmental protection.A. being givenB. is givenC. givenD. was given ( C; given = which is given)3)There have been several new events (项目) _____ to the program for the 2008Beijing Olympic Games. (2006北京卷)A. addB. to addC. addingD. added ( D )4)For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit ____ on his own farm. (09北京)A. grownB. being grownC. to be grownD. to grow ( A )5) The disc, digitally ____ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. (04上海)A. recordedB. recordingC. to be recordedD. having recorded ( A )6) Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining company, ____ as3M. (04浙江) A. knowing B. known C. being known D. to be known ( B )特殊情况1: 不及物动词的过去分词表“完成”,不表“被动”。