赖世雄语法笔记
赖世雄初级美语入门篇
cmczbms2004-12-06 12:09 Lesson 01greetingsADon't forget to say greetings to uncle Wang.#见到王伯伯的时候不要忘了向他问好。
I hope you have a good morning.Who are you? #你是谁?Where are you? #你在哪儿？How are you? #你好吗？回答用，I'm fine.I'm a boy. You are a boy. He is a boy.This bed is bad. #这个床很坏。
注意bed和bad的发音区别。
I see you there. #我看见你在那里。
See you. = Good bye. = Bye. = See you later.Bhi和hey的区别。
How's it going?Great. = Wonderful. = Cool.How are you doing? =How're you doing? = How are you?#回答用not bad。
take care#保重。
take care of yourself.You tooHave a good time. #过你愉快。
Thanks. You too.#谢谢，你也一样。
DialogAA: Good morning, May. How are you? B: Hi, Tom. I’m fine. And you?A: Not bad. Thanks.B: Good. See you.A: Bye.BA: Hi, May. How’s it going?B: Great. And how are you doing? A: Not bad.B: Ok. See you later.A: Take care.B: You too.A甲：早啊，小梅。
(完整word版)赖世雄语法重点难点笔记整理
美式英语中的连读和略读同化同化是两个音相互作用，导致最后产生另外一个音的现象，这样可以使句子显得更流畅。
1./s/+/j/→/ʃ/ 如：this year等(1)I guess you’re right. 我想你是对的。
(2)I miss you。
我想念你。
2./z/+/j/→/ʒ/(1)What brings you here？什么风把你刮到这儿来了？(2)I’m not gonna lose you again.3./t/+/j/→/ʧ/ 如:congratulation、last year等（1）Nice to meet you.很高兴见到你.（第二次见面就说Nice to see you.)（2）What you doing? 你在做什么？4./d/+/j/→/ʤ/ 如：education等（1）Pinned ya. 压在你身上了。
（《狮子王》中的一句台词，听起来是/ˈpinʤə/。
这两个单词包含的发音规则有弱读+同化。
）（2）How did you like it？你觉得怎样？连读1.词尾辅音+词首元音这种连读最常见也最简单，把相邻的两个单词想象成一个单词即可。
（1）I’m so fed up with him。
他让我烦透了.（2）I’ve already made up my mind. 我意已决。
（3）That is so gross ［ɡrəus].太俗了。
（4）Turn on the juice. 合上开关，恢复通电。
（juice也有电的意思）2.词尾元音+词首元音A：以/u/、/ʊ/、/au/、/o/结尾的单词与跟在后面的元音连读时，两个元音之间加上一个较轻的/w/，这样过渡就会很自然。
（1）Just do it. 尽管去做吧！（2）It’s snowing. 下雪了。
（3）Don't blow it。
别搞砸了。
（4）So easy. 太简单了。
B：如果单词结尾是/i/、/ai/、/e/结尾并与其后的元音连读,则两个元音见带上一个较弱的/j/。
赖世雄美语从头学初级篇Lesson 36学习笔记
Borrow 与lend 的使用介绍Borrow 向某人借: borrow + 物+ from + 人I need to borrow some money from John.Lend 借...给某人Lend +人+ 物= lend+ 物+ to +人Lend me some money, please.Lend some money to me, pleas.重点复习不定代词的使用(some, many, much, little…)===================================================================== Lesson 36 A lot of bills===============================Article==================================== Do you have any money with you?Not much. Why?I need to borrow some.What's the matter?I have a lot of bills to pay this month.===============================Words==================================== ==============================Grammar=================================== Need vt.需要Need to +动词原形需要…You need to be more Patient.Borrow vt.借Borrow + 物+from +人向某人借某物Can I borrow a pen from you?Matter n.事情What's the matter( with you)?= what's wrong ( with you)?================================讲解===================================== Lesson thirty-six a lot of bills.Hello this is Peter Lai again. Very happy to be on the air. Now let's open this book to page one hundred fifty-seven. Page one hundred fifty-seven on this page we can see lesson thirty-six "A lot of bills."A lot of 后可以放复数名词或不可数名词.He has a lot of money. I have a lot of time.He has a lot of friends.而否定要用much.He doesn't have much money. = he doesn't have a lot of money.而肯定句尽量用a lot of.否定句用a lot of, much都可以He doesn't have much time. 他没有许多的时间.不要用在肯定句:He has much time. He has much money. 错错错.Much 多与not 并用在否定句中Bill 是可数名词" 账单"A bill. Two bills. Many bills.Part on reading.I feel sorry for Al. 我对al表示难过.This is a dialog between a boy by the name of Al and a girl by the name of Sue. Al 和Sue的对话.Al doesn't have much money. I feel sorry for him.他钱不多,我为他感觉难过.I feel sorry for you, John. 我为你感到难过.Do you have any money with you?any用在否定句或疑问句中后放可数不可数名词. 同时放单数,复数都可Do you have any friend/ friends?No, I have no friend/ friends. No后也是可以放单数或复数名词Yes, I do. Have ten dollars with me. 我有10块钱(在身上)With 在be动词后也有用法.She is with Peter now. 他现在跟皮特在一起. (这表示他以前和别人一起的). Now she is with Peter.I don't like to be with him. 我不喜欢和他一起.He doesn't study, he is not a good student. I don't like to be withhim. 他不是五道杠学生,我不喜欢和他一起.How much money do you have with you? 你有多少钱在身上?much用于不可数,many用于可数.How many friends do you have? (没有with you)你有多少朋友?I have twenty dollars with me. 我身上有20块钱.Not much. Why?Yes, I do. But I don't have much money with me. 这简化出来的.Do you have any friends? 你有没有朋友啊?Yes, I do, but I do not have many friends. 我有但不多.Why do you ask me such a question? 你为什么问这狗屁问题?Why 也等于what for.I need to borrow some.Need 的用法之前有介绍过,与want 差不多.我们来复习一下Need to +动词原形. You need to be more careful.你需要更小心.Need +人/物: I need you.我需要你. I need some food.Need + 人+ to +动词原形:I need you to go away.我要你滚蛋.还有need与want的分别记得吗?Need 翻译: 需要(更强烈). Want 翻译: 想要(无可无不可). 在一些情况下可相互代用.I need to 在这等于I want toI want to borrow some.I need to write a letter. I want to write a letter.Borrow 借Borrow +物+ from +人I need to borrow twenty dollars from him.我要跟他借20块.Don't borrow money from him. 不要向他借钱.Lend. 把……借给…Lend + 人+ 物(这有点像授予动词吧)= Lend +物+ to +人不要借钱给他(他从来不还的)Don't lend him any money.Don't lend any money to him.原句写的borrow some 是省略,原句应该是:I need to borrow some money from you.What's the matter?matter在这虽然是名词,但当成形容词用.= wrong.You are wrong. You give me the wrong answer.你错了,你给了我错误的回答.Two and two are four.You are right. 你太聪明了.What's the matter? = what's wrong?What's wrong? Lady.There is nothing wrong/ (the matter).nothing大家还记得: 他的形容词要放后面修饰.这里一样可以放the matter.证明看起来是个名词,实际当形容词用.There's nothing wrong with me.我没问题.他出什么问题了: there is something wrong with him.There is something the matter with him.I have a lot of bills to pay this month.时间副词:To pay this month.看起来好像是: 付这个月. 其实不是This month虽然也是个名词样,但当成时间副词用的. 也可以放在句首This month I have a lot of bills to pay.This +时间名词前面都不需要加介词 .I'll be very busy this week. 这个星期我会很忙.This year I'll be very busy. 今年我会很忙.(这下完了)Pay 支付You should pay the money.你要付这笔钱.You should pay the bill. 你要付这个账单 .轮到你付账了It is your turn. 轮到你啦.It's your turn to pay the bill.练习:Marry is crying.What's the matter with her?What's wrong with her?She doesn't have money.She doesn't have much money.Can you lend me ten dollars?Can you lend ten dollars to me?Don't borrow any money from him.===============================Practice=================================== 这里主要复习不定代词There are ____ pencils on the table.A few, much, little, a little.这里很明显,pencils是复数,所以一下就排队了3个Much 很多. 修饰不可数. 而且用于否定句.Little 没有多少.修饰不可数A little, 有一些. 同样修饰不可数There is little time left. 没剩下多少时间了.There is still a little time. 还有点时间.Few,修饰可数, 没多少A few 有一些, 修饰可数我有一些朋友: I have a few friends.我没几个朋友: I have few friends.We need ____ food for the party.Many, several, a lot, lots of.Many 很多, 修饰可数Several 一些,修饰可数记得课文吗: there are several foreign students in my classA lot of, 很多, 修饰可数不可数Lots of, 就等于a lot of. 但注意看,这里面的选择,没有of.He has a lot of friends. == he has lots of friends.He has a lot of money. == he has lots of money.How ____ students are in the room?Much, few, many, a few.这里how开头表示多少的的疑问句,只有how much/ how many而much问不可数,many 用在可数,所以...There is ____ juice in the refrigerator.Lots, a little, a lots of, many.上面现在都解释过了,所以接下来的应该会了There are many students in the classroom.There are ____children playing in the yard.A little, much, several, severals.There is something ____ with Fred.Matter, the matter, the wrong, what's wrong.这里复习the matter, wrong的使用. wrong是形容词不加冠词================================others===================================。
赖世雄中级美语听课笔记Lesson 7
Lesson 7 Doctor DeathWhether very sick people should be helped to end their own lives is a question many people cannot answer. However, Dr.Kevorkian is an exception. That he has done this more than twenty times is known to everyone. Some say what he is doing is immoral. They call him Doctor Death. Others say what he is doing is merciful. They call it mercy killing.Whether Dr.Kevorkian should be allowed to continue doing this is a real problem for the government. There seem to be two sides to the argument. Which side are you on?spooky 幽灵般的Halloween 万圣节to end one's own life = to put an end to one's own lifeWhen the movie came to an end, many people were crying. 结束I helped Mother wash(do) the dishes last night.Every rule has its exception. = There is an exception to every rule.With an exception ....inconvenient 不方便不说：Are you convenient? 而说：Are you free?That he doesn't study makes me angry. 名词从句that 不能省mercy killing 安乐死One is known by company he keeps. 观其友，知其人讲解：P: Are we talking here or do we have any purposes on the air?B: Well, yes, we do. We are trying to teach our students how to read and understand by listening these English lessons.P: So we are not simply chatting. In fact, we do have a plan over here. That is we want to acquaint our students with more of English.B: Our plan is to teach English.P: Doctor deathIt sounds spooky.B: It certainly does.Well, in the United Stated, Halloween is a spooky night.P: Following is an article, and has a title here "Doctor death". This article sounds a little spooky, but we will find out about this. So we'd like have Bruce read this article for us first.Whether very sick people should be helped to end their own lives is a question many people cannot answer.Whether we should help very sick people end their own lives.B: I help Mother to wash the dishes last night.I help Mother wash the dishes last night.P: do the disheswash the dishesdo the laundryB: "laundry" means your dirty clothing. So if you wash your dirty clothes, we can say "you will do your laundry."P: To end their own lives.To put an end to their own lives.Come to an end.B: When the movie came to an end, many people were crying.P: When the movie ended, many people were crying.However, Dr. Kevorkian is an exception.B: It is not English. It is, I think, from Eastern Europe.Every rule has its exception.P: There is an exception to every rule.with the exception of= exceptB: With the exception of New York, Americans own cars in American cities.Well, New York is such a big and crowded city. That having a car is very inconvenient. So most Now Yorkers do not own a car, but in another American cities, almost all Americans own their own car.Are you free now?Are you available?P: Is it convenient for you to do it now?That he has done this more than twenty times is known to everyone.That he doesn't study makes me angry.Some say what he is doing is immoral. So they call him Doctor Death. Others say what he is doing is merciful. They call it mercy killing. Whether Dr. Kevorkian should be allowed to continue doing this is a real problem for the government. There seem to be two sides to the argument.Which side are you on?I will side with you.P: He is known to all of us.One is known by the company he keeps.Substitution:1. Whether very sick people should be helped to end own lives is a question many people cannot answer.Whether the company should hire him is something the boss has to decide.Whether the man kill his wife is something we will never know.2. That he has done this more than twenty times is known to everyone.That he divorced his nagging wife is not surprising.That the prisoner had escaped was an embarrassment to the guards.。
赖世雄英语学习笔记
赖世雄美语笔记——魏仕超抄的学渣出版社STUDY-GARBAGE PRESS目录美语入门LESSON 1 greetings词汇：greetings n.问候招呼致意idiom n.短语句子：A:see you later B:alligaterhow are youhow are you doinghow are you getting alonehow have you beenhow's it goingwhat's upwhat's happeningLESSON 2 courtesy词汇：courtesy n.礼貌LESSON 3 what's your name词汇：nationality n.国籍句子：may I have your name please?=what's your name LESSON 4 family name词汇：family name 姓this that these those这个那个这些那些以上为指示代词，也可以有指示形容词的功能，例如this book is goodLESSON 5 how do you do相当于你好，不可以回答I'm fine词汇：occupation n.职业secretary n.秘书pilot n.飞行员句子：how do you do相当于你好，不可以回答I'm fine要说how do you do来回应what do you do你是做什么的LESSON 6 it's five past three词汇：ma'am n.夫人句子：it's five past three=it's three o five三点过五分，十分之后不用加"o"it's twenty to five=it's four fortyLESSON 7月份词汇：January February March April May June July August September October November December句子：June 2 1998这个2不是基数词，是序数词what's today's date今天几月几号LESSON 8 there be句型句子：how's the weather in Beijing=what's the weather like inBeijing表示“有”句首是人或动物应该使用haveI have a book句首是场所或时间，应该用there is/are在there is/are起首的句型中，应该将there视为固定用语，译成“有”而不要译成“那里是”，若要表示“那里/这里有...”应该说there is.....therethere is a man有个人there has a man 无此用法there is a man there 那里有个人LESSON 9 he's not in句子：he's not in他不在“留话”leave/take messageLESSON 10 can I be of any help for you词汇：clinic n.诊所句子：can I be of any help for you?我能帮您什么？LESSON 11 准备好点单了吗词汇：starve v.饥饿，饿死section n.区域，部门句子：are you ready to ordermay I take your order nowLESSON 13 牛排几分熟词汇：dessert n.甜点steak n.牛排book v.登记well done全熟 medium六七分熟 medium rare四五分熟rare3分熟LESSON 14 没重点词汇：brand n.品牌on sale 特价pants n.裤子，短裤pair 一条LESSON 15 量尺寸词汇：词汇：gift-wrap包装句子：take one's measurements量一下尺寸give sb. a hand=do sb. a favor帮忙go over there =go thereover用来加强语气表示就在那LESSON 16 one做代词词汇：high heeled n.高跟鞋clerk n.店员句子：one做代词时代替前面出现过的单数名词，ones代替复数名词LESSON 17 查字典词汇：tale n.故事consult v.查询sold out of n.卖完了句子：consult dictionary 查字典look up the word in dictionary 在字典里查词LESSON 18 here we are词汇：domestic n.国内的speed up 加速句子：here we are我们到了here you are/go 在这，拿去there you again 你又来这一套了LESSON 19 how come词汇：twin adj.成双的，双胞胎的rate n.价格费用lobby n.大厅reservation n.预定句子：how come单独用做“怎么回事”句子里how come I didn't know 是说我怎么不知道rate做“价格”时一般用复数what are your rates...LESSON 20 have a reservation强调预定这件事的事实词汇：suite n.套房charge n.记账bellboy n.男服务生句子：have a reservation强调预定事实make a reservation强调预定动作LESSON 21 兑换外币银行说的话词汇：change v.交换n.零钱cash n.现金v.兑换现金currency n.货币change money换钱change A for B把A换成B句子：how do you want your money?兑换外币时银行对顾客说的话，你要兑换多少面值will my passport do? do原意“做”也可以表示“行”“可以”that'll doseven hundreds eight tens and the rest in change此处的rest是代词，代指“其余的”LESSON 22 问生日和介词用法词汇：reconfirm v.再确认confirmation n.确定depart for动身前往某地intend v.打算book in 登记入住句子：date of birth包含年月日，birthday不包含年份表示确切时间介词用at，表示年月季节上午下午晚上时介词用in，表示日期和星期几介词用onLESSON 23 集合名词和arrive in词汇：lounge n.休息室arrival lounge 入境大厅tax n.税aisle n.通道take off 起飞，升空smoking section 吸烟区句子：arrive at后接小地点如邮局车站等arrive in后接大地点如城市国家英文中两个动词在同一个句子时，必须有连词连接，否则为错，但是go和come 以动词原形出现时则可以省略连词and，直接加另一个动词。
赖世雄中级美语听课笔记Lesson 2
Lesson Two How To Improve Your English生词摘录funny farmmental asylumimprove课文第二课How to Improve Your EnglishDialogue 实用会话Mack is talking to his friend Don.M: Hi, Don! How are you doing (Howdy )in your English class?D: Not so well, I'm afraid.M: What's the problem?D: I'm not improving. Tell me, how come your English is so good?(goof around )M: Well, uh... I have an American girlfriend.D: Aha! That's it. Now I know what to do. (He runs off.)M: Hey, come back! I was just kidding!梅克正在和他的朋友唐聊天。
梅克：嗨，唐！你英文课上得怎么样？唐：恐怕不怎么理想。
梅克：出了什么问题？唐：我一直没进步。
告诉我，为什么你的英文那么棒？梅克：呃，这个吗…我交了个美国女朋友。
唐：啊哈！就是这样。
现在我知道该怎么做了！（他跑走了。
）梅克：嘿，回来啊！我只是在开玩笑！讲解Mack is talking to his friend Don. Mack and Don are both boys. (or men)Mack says, "Hi, Don. How are you doing is your English class?"Don answers, "Not so well, I am afraid."Mack asks, " What is the problem?"and Don tells him, "I am not improving. Tell me, how come your English is so good?" and Mack says, "Well, uh...I have an American girlfriend."Don says, "Aha, That is it. Now I know what to do."He runs off. And Mack says, "Hey, come back. I was just kidding."P: Now I probably would like to hear you speak English only, so introduce yourselfin English againB: Hi, everybody. This is Bruce.P: However, this is basically an English teaching program, so every now and then, of course you will step in and speak Chinese. But most of the time, you will explain the key points, if there is any, in English. So lesson two we will have a short dialogue. Now, by the way, what is meaning of this word "dialogue"?B: A dialogue is a conversation between two people.P: 也就是两个人之间的对话P: And that is spelled?B: conversation or dialogue?P: Dialogue.B: OK. Well, you can see it on page 9 here, "d-i-a-l-o-g-u-e", but it is also spelled "d-i-a-l-o-g". So there are two spellings for this word.哦，有两种拼法 dialogue 这是我们现在看到的拼法，但也有人说dialogP: "dialog", the pronunciation is exactly the same. 发音是完全相同的。
听赖世雄讲座-笔记
第一讲：如何学习英文
3个态度：
1、善用每一分一秒，利用零星时间，超越别人。
2、少就是多，每天学少，但是要巩固，滚动雪球式前进。
3、持之以恒，不断暗示自己。
第一阶段：3个月学习音标。
（每天两三个元音，反复练习，刻意模仿）
第二阶段：学习会话，三个月。
（弄懂每个对话意思，刻意模仿，自己演练对话双方）
第三阶段：大量的阅和读，终身学习。
（英文报纸…一切可阅读的材料，扩展词汇量，语法，写作等）
计划：半年时间里（3月-9月）尽量每天都去学音标、会话（参照美语教程），还要保持听写和泛听。
第二讲：如何练习口语
1、充分利用会话书：正确的声源、搞懂意思、刻意模仿，合上书本一人分演两个角色。
2、描述法，描述周围的环境。
3、翻译法。
第三讲：如何记忆单词
1、凭声音记单词
2、凭句子记单词，会使用单词
3、随时查单词
4、反复练习，克服遗忘
第四讲：如何加强阅读
1、选择适合自己难度的材料。
2、准备笔记本，随时摘抄
3、不查字典草念一遍——精查字典——反复念，不需背——复述故事
第五讲：如何融汇语法
具体看赖氏语法
语法与口语没有冲突，英语的全面能力是建立在语法的基础上
第六讲：如何加强听力
1、发音要纠正，尽量接近母语人士的腔调
2、泛听与精听相结合
第七讲：如何练习写作
1、精确的语法
2、准确使用词汇
3、TDC模式写作。
赖世雄英语语法1-30
第一课：主语（名词、代词）She is my mother.They are beautiful.1、动名词(作主语)：做过的、有经验、已经事实动词ingStuding english it is fine.2、未作的事情、目的、梦想、计划、理想用不定式（作主语）To 动词原形To buy sth is one of plans.To see him is my purpose.To study abroad is my dream.3、（不定式）主语太长，用it代替，不定式短语放在后面（动名词改成to不定式）It is my plan to study abroad with my friend jone.4、句子作主语要变成名词从句----前面用thatThat she studys hard is true.T hat he doesn't agree with me makes me angry.5、句子长时（作主语）用it代替It makes me angry that he doesn’t agree with me.名词从句有三种：戴慧怡：that引导；whether（yes、no回答的，问句变成的句子做主语）引导；疑问词开头（不能用yes、no回答的疑问句---特殊问句）That she studys hard is true.Is she beautiful ?Whether she is(不能倒装) beautiful remains to be seen.Where will he go?Where he will go(不能倒装) is still a question.To bo a teacher is my dream.Mingic daici budingshi juzi wenju zuoshuyi第三课1、及物动词两种语态：主动或被动我。
他I love her. 主动他被我。
赖世雄初级美语入门
赖世雄初级美语入门赖世雄初级美语入门篇》听课笔记，持续更新中～(原创)这是《赖世雄初级美语入门篇》听课笔记，需要的请下载～～～wql 2004-12-04 16:41我急需cmczbms2004-12-06 12:09Lesson 01greetingsADont forget to say greetings to uncle Wang.见到王伯伯的时候不要忘了向他问好。
I hope you have a good morning.Who are you 你是谁Where are you 你在哪儿,How are you 你好吗,回答用，Im fine.Im a boy. You area boy. He is a boy.This bed is bad. 这个床很坏。
注意 bed 和 bad 的发音区别。
I seeyou there. 我看见你在那里。
See you. Good bye. Bye. See you later.Bhi 和 hey的区别。
Hows it goingGreat. Wonderful. Cool.How are you doing Howre you doing How are you回答用 notbad。
take care保重。
take care of yourself.You tooHave a good time. 过你愉快。
Thanks. You too.谢谢，你也一样。
cmczbms 2004-12-06 12:12Lesson1Greetings打招呼DialogAA: Good morning May. How are youB: Hi Tom.I’m fine. And youA: Not bad. Thanks.B: Good. Se e you.A: Bye.BA: Hi May. How’s it goingB: Great. And how are you doingA: Not bad.B: Ok. See you later.A: Take care.B: You too.A甲:早啊，小梅。
赖世雄中级美语教程 英语笔记
赖世雄中级美语教程英语笔记1. New York is a window on the world. 纽约是世界之窗。
2. This river abounds in fish. 这条河里有好多鱼哦。
3. When it comes to singing, Jay is unsurpassed/unrivaled/second to none. 说到唱歌，杰是无人能比的。
4. Miami is a magnum for the sun lover. 对喜欢阳光的人来说，迈阿密是个胜地。
5. Out of (choice/curiosity) sympathy, I gave the beggar some change. 出于同情，我给了这个乞丐一些零钱。
6. As hard as this may be to imagine…/As beautiful as she is, Istill don’t like her. =Beautiful as she is…7. Teenagers are mostly rebellious. 青少年大多比较叛逆。
8. To make a long story short, I love you no more. 长话短说，我不爱你了。
9. Conserve energy. 节约使用能源。
10. In Singapore, chewing gun is a no-no. 在新加坡，吃口香糖是被禁止的。
11. The mayor will take office on the first of the month. 这个市长将在这个月月初就职。
12. On her way to the library, Mary ran into Bill. 玛丽在往图书馆途中，碰到了比尔。
(Hey, don’t stand in my way!不要挡路。
Don’ t stand in the way of…)13. For me, chocolate is addictive. =I am addicted to chocolate.对于我来说，吃巧克力是会上瘾的。
《赖氏经典英语语法》笔记——chap1.1 可作主语的词类
1.名词2.代词3.动名词 or 不定式短语4.名词性从句5.名词短语前面两个不用说了，从第3个开始说起，蓝色为例子3 动名词 or 不定式短语动词不可以当主语，需变成动名词或者动词不定式。
∙形式变化：此时主语太长，经常把代词it作形式主语放前面，动词移到后面，改为动词不定式形式。
It is one of his hobbies to collect stamps.Collecting stamps is one of his hobbies.∙o特例It is no use + 动名词短语= There is no use(sense / point) in + 动名词短语= It is useless + 动词不定式= It is of no use + 动词不定式∙用法区别：∙o动名词作主语，表示已知的事实或曾经的经历；动词不定式，代表一种意图和打算。
∙o动名词和现在分词的区别：①翻译后可译成“正在”，就是现在分词。
He is washing cars. .②可以和主语互换的，就是动名词。
Washing cars is his job.His job is washing cars4 名词性从句作主语∙种类：宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句1.1.that 从句——任何一个以主语起首的句子前加that，就是that从句2.whether 从句——由可用yes/no回答的问句变化而成（疑问句由Be动词、助动词开头的（一般助动词：can/will/may/should/ought to 、must、have、其它助动词：do、does、did）），一般是主语和动词还原，如果是do开头的话，要去掉do，其他动词根据人称和时态变化。
Did he come? → whether he came. Can you doit? → Whether you can do it... Is he happy? → Whether he is happy.3.疑问词所引导的从句——由疑问词（When、where、how、why、what）等引导的问句变化而成。
记录最全的赖世雄中级美语课堂笔记1(1-38课)
1. Rome Wasn't Built in a Day p.1.English is an international language. Therefore, it is necessary(/ important) for us to learn it. It(/learning English) can be rewarding or just(/only) a waste of time. It's up to you. It depends on how you study it. Here are some tips about(/on) learning English.First, don't be afraid to make(/of making) mistakes. You will learn (something)from them(the mistakes that you make). Second, you must not be shy. Be thick-skinned and speak up! Finally, you must be patient. Remember, "Rome wasn't built in a day."Well, Rome does not refer to the city of Rome only, it refers to the Roman empire, that is the great country that Rome built more than 2000 years ago. It was a great empire and of course you can not build anything good or great in just a short time .the Roman Empire [ˈɛmˌpaɪr] 罗马帝国Empire--this word is spelled e-m-p-i-r-e. Now, I have this question: in what situation will you use this expression "Rome wasn't built in a day "? Please give us an example.Well, let's say that your friend wants to learn how to do something, like typing or swimming, and at first, your friend feels a little discouraged, because it is not easy to learn a new skill, but you tell him: Hey, come on. Rome wasn't built in a day. We want to encourage our friends with this saying.Your friend is learning how to type. He is a little bit discouraged.We can encourage our friends with this saying. 谚语We say that English is an international language, because English is spoken around the world. Of course, there are more speakers of Mandarin than of English, but English is spoken by more people in more countries than Mandarin is, so, when you travel or do business or study overseas, you can always find English speakers, and English TV programs and English newspapers.In other words, English is a universal/ an international language, that is why we should learn it. Mandarin 普通话，国语Bruce speaks beautiful Mandarin.[ˈmændərɪn]foul language 下流话Your stay here is just(or only) a waste of time.rewarding a.有（获）益的；值得做的，划算的．Teaching is a very rewarding profession.教书是一种很有价值的职业．Exercise is very rewarding for our health. It pays(/is rewarding) to exerciseIt is up to you. 随你吧Well, if Peter asks me: do you want to go to a restaurant first or see a movie first tonight? I might say: it's up to you.Do we go to the movies first or shall we go to a restaurant first? It's up to you .but I know the true answer. He enjoys eating more than anything, let's go to the restaurant first .In our studio[ˈstudioʊ], we have got a small studio over here and we have only two people here, that's Bruce and me, but Bruce is much too big, we have little room left here.by fits and starts adv.间歇地,断断续续地,一阵一阵地If you learn English by fits and starts, you’ll get no where.My brother studied accounting by fits and starts, so he failed.If you give me a tip, I’ll give some tips on how to learn English.if you are in a restaurant, and you leave a little money for the waiter, we say that is a tip小费. But then Peter said I'll give you some tips about learning English. -- some advice about learning English.建议advice un.tip①n.小费②n.建议，提示，技巧give sb. tips on/about sth= give sb. advice (on) sth. n.给某人关于某事的建议③vt.给小费Mr. Bruce, before leaving, don't forget to tip me.④vt.建议tip somebody on something (He tipped me on how to learing English)afraid两种用法：afraid to make(/of making) 即+不定式或+ of +动名词I’m afraid to talk to him. I’m afraid of talking to him.advice un. a good piece of advice 不说: a good adviceWell, you have to speak or write a language to really learn it. if you make a mistake while speaking, usually the listener will understand you anyway, because usually your mistake is just a grammar mistake or maybe a vocabulary mistake, but usually we understand you. But if we don't understand you, we will ask: what do you mean? And then you can try again.Only by making mistakes can we learn sth.Children are often shy around strangers.Well, this is often the case, but there is some situation in which adults are shy. For example, each time Bruce is with me he is shy.-- That's not shy, Peter, that's embarrassed. embarrassed stink vi.臭Peter, you stinks.be patient with sb.对...有耐心A good teacher must be patient with his studentsthick-skinnned a.厚颜的Eg：If you want to be a good salesman, you must be thick-skinned.Don’t be afraid to make mistake. 别怕犯错．It depends on how you study it.那要看你如何去学习．It depend on when you do it.那要看你何时去做．2. How to Improve Your English p.9.Mack is talking to his friend Don.M: Hi, Don! How are you doing in your English class?D: Not so well, I'm afraid. (原：I'm afraid I ’m not doing so well in my English class)M: What's the problem (省do you have with your English)?D: I'm not improving(/I’ve not been improving/ I’ve not made any improvement). Tell me, how come your English is so good?M: Well, uh…I have an American girlfriend.D: Aha! That's it. Now I know what to do. (He runs off.)(=runs away)M: Hey, Come back! I was just kidding!Well, probably they would like to hear you speak English only, so please introduce yourself in English again.However, this is basically an English teaching program. So, every now and then, of course, he ?? and speak Chinese. But most of time, he will explain the key points, if there is any inEnglish. so, lesson 2, we had a very short dialogue. now, by the way, what is the meaning of this word "dialogue "?dialogue/dialog A dialog is a conversation between two people. And that is spelled? Well,you can see it on page 9 here "dialogue", but it is also spelled "dialog". so, there are two spellings for this word. Their pronunciation is exactly the same.…O r sometimes just one person, Peter. because sometimes I hear you talking to yourself. Peter is going to be send to a kind of hospital--funny farm.funny farm疯人院正式：mental asylumHe was raised on the farm.Yesterday Peter was send to a nearby mental asylum, because he kept talking to himself. improve vt.vi. improvement n.-->improve sth = make improvement in sthHe improve d his English by studying every day.=He study everyday, so his English improved. Peter, you’ve made a lot of improvement in your Mandarin. improvement un-- Thank you Bruce for teaching me.because he studies hard, he has made a lot of improvement in his English.①talk to(/with) sb. about sth. vi. ②talk sb. into doing vt.+into说服talk nonsense胡说八道What are you talking about? The teachers were talking about the problem student.He is a problem student. --He keeps causing trouble.His girlfriend talk ed Mike into quitting smoking.When he gave the speech, we realized that he was just talking nonsense.He is a problem student.Hi和Hey区别："Hi" as you just said, is a greeting. if I see my good friends or sometimes my students, I will say "hi", it's a friendly greeting. but "hey" means I want you to pay attention to me. I have something important to talk to you about or maybe to show you. Hey, come here！Hey, listen to me！--but "hey" in this case is not quite impolite, we should only use it between friends.回答Ok, and you？或者fine, thank you等how are you doing? How are you getting along?久违的老朋友还可以说：How are you? or How have you been?Howdy 美国南部招呼语answer: Howdy（=how do you do第一次见面）If you go to Texas or other southern states in the United States, many people will greet you with Howdy.afraid vt.恐怕+that从句（I think/guess）I am afraid (that省略) it is going to rain, so we can't go on the picnic. 我认为...(弱语气，后带内容比较负面)I’m afraid she is not good-looking. I’m going to have a blind date. blind date 相亲,盲目约会Look into the mirror yourself.What's the problem (with)? It seems that he has some problems with the work.= What's wrong?= What's the matter (with)?I'm not improving. 文中= I have not been improving =I have not made any improvement. how come(口) 无需要倒装=whyBruce, How come you look s o ugly/why do you..? Where’s the hankerchief? The truth hurts. why is he late for class again? how come he is late for class again?How come you failed your Chinese text? Why did you fail your Chinese text?Because I goofed around. I didn't study at all. goof around 浪费时间，混时间Aha, that's it. = Aha, I’v got it. = I understand.Aha, means I understand. I’ve got it. For example, if you are trying to think of the answer to a problem, Let's see, the capital of Canada is. .., aha, is Ottawa.If you try to think of a answer t o a problem, Let’s see: the capital of Canady is? Aha, is Ottawa. run off = run away kidding = joking3. The City of Song p.13Listening to music is the favorite pastime of many people all over the world. This is especially true for people living in Vienna, the city of song(un,=music). Being(可省) the home of Mozart, this city is the birthplace of classical music and the waltz.Music fills the air in Vienna. Going to public concerts is often free of charge. And don't forget, Vienna is also home to the world famous Vienna Boys' Choir. No wonder people say Austria is always alive with the sound of music.Oh, Bruce, you know something? I should leave this lesson to you. Because this lesson features one country and that’s? Austria. This country has a lot to do with your background. So, tell all of listeners, how come you have a very close connection with this country? --My mother was born in Yugoslavia, but her mother comes from Austria, and I still have many relatives living there, and I like to visit them every two or three years.I still have many relatives living there, and I like to visit them every two or there years. Austria Australia The city of song refers to the city of Vienna. --You've been to that city before. Tell us something about this city.Vienna is one of the most beautiful citys I have ever seen. I’m not kidding. It's a very old and beautiful city, full of culture, music and good beer.potbelly 大肚皮Well, if you go out with Peter, because he is a big potbelly, you might feel embarrassed..Jogging (/Going jog/Lifting heavy glasses of beer) is my favorite exercise. jog 慢跑What’s your pastime over the weekend? what's your favorite habit?How do you pass the time on your weekends(每逢周末)?Going to a restaurant and seeing a movie.the world over adv. = around/across the world = throughout the world = all over the world Mikle Jackson is famous the world over.song un=music CN歌曲a song You got to face the music.But here I’m a little bit curious again. Now that you just mention you have something to do with Vienna, how come you don't know anything about music?--That's a good question. Peter means I can't sing. I like to listen to music, but I can't sing.To face the music means that you must face your problem, you must try to solve your problem. He was sick of learning, he ran away from home (being) sick of learning, he …Mozart was one of the most famous classical musicians. maestro [ˈmaɪstroʊ] 艺术大师，名作曲家birthplace 发源地，诞生地what’s your birthplace?=where were you born?In fact, I was born in Nanjing, even though my hometown is in Guangxi province.Sure, this is true. When you go to Vienna, especially in the summer time, you can hear music being played, not from the radio or the CD player, but from the people who play music on the street or in the parks or in the concerts. You can hear music as you walk around the city.In other words, you can see a live shows/concerts on your own. live adj.现场的classical 古典的classic 经典的be free (of charge) 免费的--I work for Peter free of charger. In other words, I am enslaved by Peter.--In fact, the truth is I am a slave to Bruce.be enslaved by 被...奴役a slave toDon’t be enslaved by money= Don’t a slave to moneylet me give our students a better example here: This sample is free of charge.be home to 某地是…的发源地／出产地／聚集地/的故乡/ 老家be the home ofHe is a good boy, he often helps his mum with chores. chore 杂务(可数)You should do some chores.Chicago is home to some of the world’s tallest buildings.That island is home to some special birds.He studies hard, no wonder he passed the examination.no wonder + clause（主+v.）adv.难怪Eg：No wonder Bruce is in such good shape, he exercises every day.No w onder you’re so thin, you eat so little.he is in poor shape.be alive with=be filled with a.活的，充满的Eg：The room is alive with children’s laughter.sth. fill the air充满着某物Eg：Romatic love songs fill the air in that cozy Italian restaurant.那家温馨的意大利餐馆充满着罗曼蒂克的情歌．4. He Who Hesitates Is Lost p.21Mike is in Vienna with his girlfriend Daisy.M: Are you having a good time, Daisy?D: Are kidding? I'm having the time of my life（=having the greatest time）. I loved the concerts.M: Concert going is fantastic but what else can we do?D: Biking along the banks of the river Danube could be fun.M: It sounds like a great idea!D: Let's do it then.M: You're right. As they say, "He who hesitates is lost."We have this title "he who hesitates is lost ". Now we have this word "he", in this case, "he" isthe subject. He means anyone or one, those. 凡是......的人He who(引导表语从句) hesitates is lost/a loser. 迟疑着将丧失良机I’m new here, I’ve just got lost. 走失，迷路.He who…+单数动词“凡是…的人….”= one who.. = those who +复数动词Eg：He（/anyone/one/anybody）who works hard will be successful.Those who work hard will be successful.hesitates to … 做…犹豫不决If you have question, don’t hesitate to ask me.I was lost in that music. ＂沉醉于＂= be absorbed in one's workDon’t talk to Morris now, he is lost/absorbed in his work.daisy is a very beautiful little flower. but remember, if you talking about the flower, then we do not capitalized "d".Probably they are on vacation there.I’m sorry, Peter. I don't know what vacation means.In my dictionary, there is no such word as vacation. this means that I work all day/day and night for Peter.While (I was) on vacation last year, I visited France and Italy. 度假have a good time (省in) doing something in介词后只能跟动名词，即使in省have a good time +动名词He always has a good time in(in可省) camping.I had a good time dancing last night. Bruce always has a good time working for me.have difficulty, have a hard time. Forigners ~ learing how to write Chinese characters. Chinese characters “中国字” 不说Chinese wordsBut Bruce can write at least one word, that is 一.have a good time =have fun I had a lot of(/ lots of ) fun/a good time/a great time dancing yesterday.how many kids/children do you have?--I have two kids, same as you. n.小孩子，小山羊Mr. Wang who lives next to me has three ears ! come on ! you must be kidding (me) !are you kidding (me)? v.The artist will put on /hold an exhibit next month.put on/hold a concert/ an exhibit娱乐性、文教性hold a meetingThe artist will put on/hold an exhibit next month.House cleaning is Peter’s favorite pastime/activity.fantastic= wonderful, great, awesome, terrific (cool for the young) aweful = terrible 糟Mozart’s music is fantastic. What do you think of that movie? It was terrific!Biking along the banks could be/can be/must be/is fun. 可能性 大I bike/bicycle/cycle on weekends. n. v.Learning English is fun. fun n.好玩(=a good time) adj.有趣的与funny滑稽的含义不同fun man, funny man Bruce is fun, Peter looks funny. He is a fun man to be with."Fun" we always use with "have a good time ". If you like to do something and it's a good time, you say that's a lot of fun. But if something makes you laugh, then we say it's funny.Make fan of嘲笑The students made fun of the new kid of class. D on't make fun of people. It sounds like a great idea/sounds like a great idea/ sounds like great/ sounds great.I’m going to use a different verb of sense: Tastes like garbage.--Peter’s cooking.He picked up the garbage and threw it into the garbage can.--Let’s go see a movie tonight. --Sounds greathave 做“有”无进行时态Eg：I have a car. I have time.即，无法说＂正在＂的词，无进行时态I love you.Thanks for listening, see you next time.5. Bungee Jumping p.26Bungee jumping looks like It makes me nervous to watch someone do it. It certainly takes a lot of guts (/courage) to jump one thousand feet above the water with only a rope tied to your legs. It scares me just to think about it. However, it is something I really want to do one day.Some people think I'm crazy(/ a lunatic). They say to jump (/jumping) is foolish enough, but to have(/having) to pay for it is madness. I don't agree. For me, to live a short and exciting life is far better than to live a long and boring one. What do you think?On this page we have a new lesson, lesson five, and we have a picture here. This picture describes a person, and this person, or rather this is not a person, but an animal, but looks very familiar to me. What is it? -- it's wild Bruce, oh..., wild boar.wild boar 野猪This is not the case with Bruce. He would think that Bungee jumping is something that we should do. so, tell us some history about this activity. I think if I remember correctly, it originated in that country New Zealand.That's right, it originated in New Zealand. To originate simply means to start someplace, to start somewhere. New Zealand is an island nation in the south Pacific, is an English speaking country, and it's not very big in population, but some of the people there are really like to have an exciting fun time. so, they had the idea that you could jump from a bridge or jump from a tall building with a rope tied to your leg. Just as we see here in the picture, there is a rope tied to one of the wild boar's four legs, and that rope will stop you from hitting the ground.Paper originated in China. 起源于have the guts(口语)/courage to be. 有做…的勇气／胆量．looks like fun looks/sounds/tastes/smells good (vi.+adj.).looks /tastes /sounds like(prep.)+n 感官不及物动词后不接名词, 但+like+n. “象”looks like fun, tastes like fish感观动词vt. 加宾语后，后可直接接动词原形做宾补，表事实。
赖世雄中级美语教程+1-148课笔记
1. Rome Wasn't Built in a Day p.1.English is an international language. Therefore, it is necessary for us to learn it. It can be rewarding or just a waste of time. It's up to you. It depends on how you study it. Here are some tips about learning English.First, don't be afraid to make mistakes. You will learn from them. Second, you must not be shy. Be thick-skinned and speak up! Finally, you mush be patient. Remember, "Rome wasn't built in a day."☆foul language 下流话Mandarin 普通话，国语☆Your stay here is just(or only) a waste of time.☆rewarding a.有（获）益的；修得做的，划算的．Teaching is a very rewarding profession.教书是一种很有价值的职业．Exercise is a rewarding for our health.☆by fits and starts.adv.间歇地,断断续续地,一阵一阵地My brother studied accounting by fits and starts, so he failed.☆tip n.①建议②小费③提示，技巧give sb. tips on/about sth. vt.给某人关于某事的建议tip (about) = advice (on)a good piece of advice 不说: a good advice☆stink vi.臭stingy☆be patient with sb. 对...有耐心☆thick-skinnned a.厚颜的Eg：If you want to be a good salesman,you must be thick-skinned.☆Don’t be afraid to make mistake. 别怕犯错．☆It depends on how you study it.那要看你如何去学习．It depend on when you do it.那要看你何时去做．2. How to Improve Y our English p.9.Mack is talking to his friend Don.M: Hi, Don! How are you doing in your English class?D: Not so well, I'm afraid.M: What's the problem?D: I'm not improving. Tell me, how come your English is so good?M: Well, uh…I have an American girlfriend.D: Aha! That's it. Now I know what to do. (He runs off.)M: Hey, Come back! I was just kidding!☆funny farm 疯人院正式：mental asylum☆improve sth = make a lot of improvement in sth☆how come(口) 无需要倒装=why☆talk to(with) sb. about sth. vi. talk sb. into doing vt.说服☆When he gave a speech, we realized that he was just talking nonsense.☆He is a problem studnet.☆greeting 招呼语How are you doing in ...? or: How are you getting along? 近来怎么样？久违的老朋友还可以说：How are you? or How have you been?Howdy 美国南部招呼语answer: Howdy☆blind date 相亲,盲目约会☆I am afraid (that省略) it is going to rain, so we can't go on a picnic. 我认为...(弱语气)☆What's the problem (with)?= What's wrong?= What's the matter (with)?☆goof around 浪费时间，混时间☆Aha, that's it. = Aha, I get it. = I understand.☆kidding = joking3. The City of Song p.13Listening to music is the favorite pastime of many people all over the world. This is especially true for people living in Vienna, the city of song. Being the home of Mozart, this city is the birthplace of classical music and the waltz.Music fills the air in Vienna. Going to public concerts is often free of charge. And don't forget, Vienna is also home to the world famous Vienna Boys' Choir. No wonder people say Austria is always alive with the sound of music.☆Austria Australia jog 慢跑chore 杂物(可数) potbelly 大肚皮He is a potbelly.☆the world over adv. = around the world = throughout the world = all over the world☆maestro 艺术大师，名作曲家☆birthplace 发源地，诞生日classical 古典的classic 经典的☆be free (of charge) 免费的This sample is free of charge.☆be enslaved by 被...奴役be enslaved to a bad habit 改不掉坏习惯☆be home to 某地是…的所在地／出产地／聚集地be the home of 某地是…的故乡／老家☆no wonder + clause（主+v.）adv.难怪Eg：No wonder Bruce is in such a good shape, he excercises.No wonder you’re so thin, you eat so little.☆be alive with a.活的，充满的Eg：The room is alive with children’s laughter.sth. fill the air充满着某物Eg：Romatic love songs fill the air in that cozy Italian restaurant.那家温馨的意大利餐馆充满着罗曼蒂克的情歌．4. He Who Hesitates Is Lost p.21Mike is in Vienna with his girlfriend Daisy.M: Are you having a good time, Daisy?D: Are kidding? I'm having the time of my life. I loved the concerts.M: Concert going is fantastic but what else can we do?D: Biking along the banks of the river Danube could be fun.M: It sounds like a great idea!D: Let's do it then.M: You're right. As they say, "He who hesitates is lost."☆He who(引导表语从句) hesitates is lost. 迟疑着将丧失良机.hesitates to …做…犹豫不决He who…+单数动词“凡是…的人….”= one who.. = those who +复数动词Eg：He who works hard will be successful. "He" means anyone. or: one, those☆I was lost in that music. ＂沉醉于＂= be absorbed in one's work☆While on vacation last year, I visited France and Italy. 渡假☆Chinese character “中国字”不说Chinese words☆The artist will put on (hold) an exhibit next month. (put on 娱乐)☆fantastic = wonderful, great, awesome, terrific (cool for the young) aweful = terrible 糟☆Biking along the bank could be/can be/must be/is fun.☆have 做“有”无进行时态Eg：I have a car. I have time.即，无法说＂正在＂的词，无进行时态I love you.5. Bungee Jumping p.26Bungee jumping looks like fun. It makes me nervous just to watch someone do it. It certainly takes a lot of guts to jump one thousand feet above the water with only a rope tied to your legs. It scares me just to think about it. However, it is something I really want to do one day.Some people think I'm crazy. They say to jump is foolish enough, but to have to pay for it is madness. I don't agree. For me, to live a short and exciting life is far better than to live a long and boring one. What do you think?☆wild boar 野猪☆Paper originated in China. 起源于☆have the guts(口语)/courage to be. 有做…的勇气／胆量．pluck up one's courage 鼓起勇气muster up one's courageEg：Bill does not have the guts to ask Marry to go out for a date.☆be tied to = be bound (bind) to 被...绑在That poor dog is tied/bound to the fence, he can not run away.☆be scared of = be frightened of Peter is scared of snakes.scare sb. to death 把某人吓的要死．He scared me to death.☆He looked into the mirror and found he looked much older. 照镜子☆cockroach(es) 蟑螂lunatic n.adj疯子luna 月亮(拉丁文)☆get some where有出息get no where 没出息If you work hard you get somewhere someday.☆I agree with you on this point, but I disable agree with you on that point.☆agreeable 相处容易的: I like Marry, because she's a very agreeable personality.☆live/lead + a/an +a. life过着…生活The famous sight lives/leads a simple life.☆boring a.令人厌烦的，无聊的（指事）So boring 真无聊 boring day be bored with a.感到厌烦的（指人）=be fed up with =be sick of =be tired of “受够了”“对…感厌烦”☆What do you think?你认为呢？☆looks /tastes /sounds like(prep.) 后接名词“象”☆知觉动词vt.看：see, watch,look at(注视) 听：hear,listion to 感觉：feel1)vt.+宾+宾补(动原) 强调确有事情发生，表进行时态2)vt.+宾+宾补(现在分词)强调事情正在发生3)vt.+宾+宾补(过去分词) 强调被动的状态6. Nothing Ventured, Nothing Gained p.35Lisa and Bill are talking about their future.L: What's your goal in life, Bill?B: To fly in the sky and feel as free as a bird.L: That's easy.B: What do you mean?L: Go bungee jumping.B: You mush be kidding. It's too dangerous.L: Well, nothing ventured, nothing gained.☆If nothing is ventured, nothing will be gained.☆Everybody shoule have a goal in life.My goal is to learn English better one day.☆Growing up is learning experience.☆pearl 珍珠Pearl 女人名☆carve out雕刻出,开创出Eg:By going to school and studying hard, Sam carved out a good career of his future. ☆attain/reach/fulfill one's goal☆Peter and Bruce are as busy as bees.Ever since sam lived on his own, he has felt as free as a bird.山姆自从独立生活以来觉得自由极了．To fly in the sky and feel as free as a bird.象鸟儿一样在天气自由翱翔。
赖世雄中级美语听课笔记Lesson 8
Lesson 8 No Hearts or No Brains?Helen and Dick are talking about the previous article.H: I don't understand how people can think Dr. Kevorkian is doing the right thing.D: Well, helping people die with dignity is not that bad, in it?H: Don't you know ? Where there is life, there is hope.D: Come on. Be realistic. Those people who want to die are suffering. It's betterthat they go quickly and painlessly.H: All you men have no hearts.D: And all you women have no brains.We teach our children to momerize/remenber their telepphone number by heart. 默背Peter is really a kind of man at heart. at heart 本性上beat one's brains 绞尽脑汁I stayed up all night and beat my brains, but I couldn't think of the answer.understanding = considerate = thoughtful 体谅的To my understanding, .... = To my knowledge, .... (放句首)就我所知kangaroo 袋鼠that bad = so badWhere there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成讲解：P: by heartat heartB: We teach our children to memorize (remember) their telephone numbers by heart.Peter is really a very kind man at heart.P: And Bruce was simply making an example sentence.beat one's brains.I was beaten again.B: To beat one's brains means to think very hard and long about something. For example, I stayed up all night and beat my brains, but I couldn't think of the answer.one and oneone plus oneOne and one is how much?One plus one is how much?P: How much is one plus one?stay upsit upFinally, after about five hours I got the answer. That is “wang”.Helen and Dick are talking about the previous article.B: In his previous movies, Bruce Willis was much better than in this one.I read an interesting article in the magazine yesterday.P: I still have several articles to buy.B: in the supermarketor in the department store.P: I have two more things to buy. I have two more articles to buy.I don't understand how people can think Doctor Kevorkian is doing the right thing.Yes, I understand.understandingThat man is very understanding.B: An understanding teacher can help his problem students.P: That young man is very understanding, that is why Marry loves him so much.He is very considerate.and also there is another word that means the same, and that is "thoughtful". That is a good one.I like you very much. You've been so understanding.To my understandingTo my knowledge.B: To my knowledge, kangaroos live only in Australia.P: If you don't have a rat, Bruce. If you don't have a kangaroo, that is put it this way, try to catch a rat, and that get a bag for it. and then he will be a kangaroo.B: In a bag, this is Peter's humour.P: Jane is learning English. He is doing the right things. He knows that English is an international language.B: Remember lesson one "universal language".P: So we can say to our friends. If they begin to learn English, then we can tell them, "You are doing the right thing."Well, helping people die with dignity is not that bad, is it?very lousyB: practice, practice, practice.P: Don't be afraid of making mistakes while speaking English.B: Right. Be sick skinned, don't worry what people say about your English.P: Bruce, you are ugly, aren't you?Bruce is handsome, isn't he?Bruce, you are handsome, aren't you?Don't you know? Where there is life, there is hope.If there is life, there is hope.As long as there is life, there is hope.Bruce, you have been working too hard, your work day and night. You got only one hour for sleep. This is very dangerous. You are doing damage to your health.B: Where there is a will, there is a way.P: As long as there is a will, there is a way.Come on. Be realistic. Those people who want to die are suffering.You will suffer if you do not work when young.You will suffer when old.B: Yes, I know that.P: It is better that they go quickly and painlessly.All you men have no heart. (sympathy)And all you women have no brains.beat one's brains。
赖世雄中级美国英语学习笔记
well ahead of time 尽量提前，副词短语How come = why 但是引导的句子不倒装Austria 奥地利Australia 澳大利亚potbelly 大肚皮，啤酒肚jog n.慢跑; v.轻推on your weekend 有每个周末的意思on this weekend 这个周末all over the world = across the world = around the world = throughout the world = the world over (adv.)face the music = face the troublemaestro n.艺术大师，名作，名家free of charge = free 免费be enslaved by 被……奴役a slave to ……的奴隶He is lost in his work = He is absorbed in his work.Foreigners have a hard time learning how to write Chinese characters.I am having the time of my life = I am having the greatest time.The artist will put on (举行= hold ) an exhibit next month.concert going 看演唱会house cleaningawesome 很棒= terrificawful 很差= terribleis fun > must be fun > can be fun > could be funlunatic adj.精神错乱的，疯狂的；n. 疯子，狂人saying 谚语growing up is a learning experienceNothing ventured, nothing will be gained. = If nothing is ventured, nothing will begained.You must have the guts to try something new.gut n. 内脏，勇气；v. 取出内脏coward, cowardlycourage un.pluck up one’s courage 鼓起勇气pluck n.勇气；v. 拔出(鸡毛等)，采集pearl 珍珠carve out a bright futureBy going to school and studying hard, Tom carved out a good career for himself. attain one’s goalreach one’s goalSara reached her goal by graduating with a master degree.fortune 财富stop going around 别瞎混了fulfill 履行，实现，完成My plan is to learn English better. 不用learning，不定式表示未完成的愿望as same as 前一个as 为副词，修饰same；后一个为连词as free as a birdeasy come, easy goWhat do you mean by calling me at midnight.You must be kidding me.spooky adj. 幽灵般的，怪异的，神经质的HalloweenHallowmasput an end to = to end 使结束come to an endexceptionEvery rule has its exceptionThere is an exception to every rule.with the exception of = exceptinconvenient convenient convenience 用来修饰事物修饰人用free or availablewhether that what（等疑问词，不倒装）+ 从句，形成名词从句，可以做主语，宾语side with sb. 与……一致It is known to sb. thatOne is known by the company he keeps 观其友，知其人We teach our children to remember /memorize their telephone numbers by heart. Patter is really a very kind man at heartstay up = seat up 熬夜beat one’s brains: think very hard and long about sth.I stayed up all night and beat my brains but I couldn’t think of the answer. department store 百货公司understanding adj. 体贴，体谅= considerate = thoughtfuln. 理解to one’s understanding 据……所知Kangaroo 袋鼠where there is a will, there is a way 有志者事竟成where = as long as 只要where there is life, there is hopeif you don’t work hard when young, you’ll suffer when old.Being thoughtful simply means thinking of others before yourselfsimply = just 副词，起强调作用That man is very mean, stay away from himYou staying here simply means wasting your timesb. mean to do 有意做……，本打算When I say I mean to do it, I mean it。
赖世雄美语从头学初级篇Lesson 24学习笔记
疑问代词Whose 的用法练习部分重点复习this, that, these, those. 的用法Same 的用法the same as…the same color as…In the back of的用法===================================================================== Lesson 24 It's Mine===============================Article==================================== Whose test paper is this?It's mine, ma'am.And whose test paper is this?It's Tony's, ma'am.And why are your answers exactly the same as his?Because Tony has eyes in the back of his head.===============================Words==================================== Whose 谁的pron.这是疑问代词（谁的），放在句首。
whose可作形容词性或名词性所有格代词，作形容词性所有格后接名词，作名词性所有格之后不接名词。
This is whose dog? 错，疑问代词要放句首Whose do g is this?这是形容词性，后接名词。
这是谁的狗This dog is whose?错Whose is this dog?名词性所有格，后主语BE动词倒装。
这只狗是谁的ma'am 夫人，女人n.Ma'am 是madam是缩写，读也好读点。
是对女士的尊称，对男士用sir。
赖世雄讲语法笔记图文稿
赖世雄讲语法笔记集团文件版本号：（M928-T898-M248-WU2669-I2896-DQ586-M1988）S001. 动词作主语：（1）v.+ing：动名词作主语，表示已知的事实或经验，有已经做了的含义。
例：Working with him is a lot of fun.（2）To+v.：不定式作主语，表示意愿，有此动作还没有做的含义。
例：To study abroad is my goal.代词作主语，例：it主语太长的情况下，用it做代主语，原主语放在最后。
但注意，动名词需要变成不定式to+v. 例：It is fun to learn english with him.注意：It is no use + 动名词，It is useless + 不定式，It is of no use + 不定式，There is no use/sense/point + in + 动名词短语句子做主语，则前面需加That，变成名词从句。
名词从句有三种：代词，whether，疑问句代词：That he loves me is ture.Whether：如果用yes，no回答的时候，这时候主语是句子，则前面加whether。
例：Is she beautiful 变成Whether she is beautiful Whether she is beautiful remains to be seen.S002.疑问句：Where is he going 变成Where he is going is still a mystery。
疑问词保留，但后面变为正常句式。
动词短语作主语：疑问词+不定式，where to go，how to do但注意why不可以做名词主语。
Why did you cry 变成 Why he cried is something we don't know. 不能是 Why to cry表距离from A to B，时间from A to/till B 的介词短语也可以作主语，1990-2003 用to或者till都可以。
赖世雄英语语法
赖世雄英语语法-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1第1章句子的构成最后，来翻译英文观止里面的句子。
弄完了以后，打印出来，装订好。
语法的目标：看懂句子，分析句子的结构，这是学习语法的终极目标。
修饰的时候不一定是连接在一起的, 要分清格局, 用大块结构的形式来分析.动词块, 不定式块….1.句子由主语（subject）+谓语(verb)构成；2.主语省略时，构成祈使句。
Work hard!Be quite!Don’t be silly.1.1 可充当主语的词类1.名词2.代词3.动名词，不定式短语Seeing him makes me angry.其实应该是动名词短语做主语或不定式短语作主语To see him makes me angry.但是，这种动名词或不定式短语做主语时，一般用形式主语。
It makes me angry seeing him.这里不是修饰angry。
It makes me angry to see him. 分析句子时，先看一看是不是形式主语。
4.名词从句做主语That he doesn’t work hard makes me angry.三种形式：that从句，whether从句，疑问从句（when what how where why）Where he lives is still a doubt.一、名词从句：名词从句作动词宾语I know that he will go abroad in the nearest future(名词从句作动词宾语)I don’t know how he’ll handle it.名词从句作介词的宾语I am worried about whether he can do itI am sure of how he’ll cope with the problemI am sure of the fact that the team has won the game.I am worried about the fact that he can do it.这里因为介词+ that从句，所以，需要在介词后加the fact ,that 从句变为the fact的同位语，都是介词的宾语。
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2012-2-11、 cling on to:紧紧抱住，死抱不放；cling to:坚持，依恋，依靠2、 convince的用法convince sb. to do something/convince sb. of something(参见赖世雄语法5-授予动词)/convince sb. that/convince oneself ofbe convinced (of)/be convinced that3、 tip (C): 小费 a tip/a large tip/a big tip/a generous tip/ a $5 tip忠告 =a piece of advice, a few of tips/handy tips/gardening tips4、compare, contrast/compare and contrast(比较与对照写法)compare 指把人与人或物与物之间的相同点或异同点进行“比较”、“对照”或“相比”，常与介词with连用，也可指将人与人或物与物之间的相似处进行“比拟”；还可指将某人或某事“比作”另一人或另一事物。
指后面两种情况时，它常被用作不及物动词，与介词to连用.contrast指为了明确其相异之处，将一物与另一物加以“比较”或“对照”，用法和compare一样，常接介词with。
虽然很多人将compare 看作是contrast的同义词，但compare常用来比较同类事物；而contrast则常被用来比较非同类事物。
2012-2-21、英语倍数表示法（1）X times+as…as…：是... …的X倍/more than + X times+as…as…：是... …的X倍不止；（2）（more than+）X times +the（或所有格）+名词+（of）：是... …的X倍(不止)；（3）X times +比较级+than：是... …的X倍。
2、英语倍数增减表示法（1）increase (speed up, step up, raise, rise, go up, grow) / increase (speed up, step up, raise, rise, go up, grow) +by+X times：是... …的X倍/增加了X-1倍；（2）increase (exceed, speed up, step up, raise, rise, go up, grow)+by a factor of +X: 是... …的X倍/增加了X-1倍；（3）decrease (drop, fall, weaken, shorten, reduce, step down, speed down, go down) +(by): 是... …的/减少了；（4）decrease (drop, fall, weaken, shorten, reduce, step down, speed down, go down) by a factor of +X: 是... …的/减少了。
2012-2-3 赖世雄经典英语语法1、(p3)不定式与动名词作主语时，往往会因为形式主语太长，用it作形式主语。
但动名词移至句尾时，通常改为不定式短语。
例：To study abroad is my greatest desire.=It is my greatest desire to study abroad.Listening music makes me happy.=It makes me happy to listen to music.例外：It is no use +动名词短语=It is useless +不定式短语=It is of no use+动名词短语=There is no use/sence/point+in+动名词短语2、(p9)名词性从句作介词的宾语a. 慧（whether），怡（疑问词）可以，但代（that）不可以。
I am worried about whether he can do it.√I am curious about how he will cope with this problem. √I am sure of that the team has won the game.×b. 遇有介词，但非要使用that从句时，其补救方法如下(1) 介词+the fact+that从句I am sure of the fact that the team has won the game.I am worried about the fact that he does not study.(2) be+adj+that从句I am sure that the team has won the game.I am worried that he does not study.3、(p199)所有格与动名词的关系a. that从句作主语时，可改为动名词That he teaches well is something that pleases me.His teaching well is something that pleaes me.b. 在介词及某些动词后不可以用that从句，此时可改为：所有格+动名词(1) 遇介词的情况I am worried about that he does not study. ×I am worried about his not studing. √In spite of that the sun shone, the air was very cold. ×In spite of the sun’s shining, the air was very cold. √I insist on that he should go there. ×I insist on his going there. √备注：that 从句主语是物而非人时，一般不用所有格，直接将主语作宾语即可。
In spite of the sun’s shining, the air was very cold.In spite of the sun shining, the air was very cold. √口语中，that从句的主语即使是人，宜采用本结构。
I insist on his going there. (正式)I insist on him going there. (非正式)(2) 遇某些及物动词的情况that引导的名词性从句可作表认知的及物动词( think, feel, find, believe…) 以及表意愿的及物动词(hope, wish, expect, desire…)的宾语。
I believe that he works hard.I hope that he may joint us.但表喜欢、厌恶之类的及物动词，如like, dislike, enjoy, mind等就不可接that引导的从句作宾语，应改为所有格+动名词。
I don’t like that he smokes here. ×I don’t like his smoking here. √I don’t enjoy that John joins us. ×I don’t enjoy John’s joining us. √备注：mind 可接if引导的从句Would you mind that I open the window? ×W ould you mind my opening the window? √Would you mind that if I opened the window? √(虚拟语气表客气)4. (p42)不完全及物动词a. 认定动词(1) We regard/look upon/think of/see/view him as a genius.(2) We mistook the long-haired boy for a girl.(3) We consider/deem/think him to be a genius.备注1：to be可省略。
备注2：(1), (2) 里面的as与for后面亦可接形容词作宾语I regard his behavior as inappropriate.John works hard, so I take it for granted that he’ll be successful someday.(4) think, believe, find, deem, consider等五个动词作不完全及物动词时，不得直接用不定式与that引导的名词性从句作宾语，一定要用形式宾语it取代。
I think to climb mountains fun. ×I think it fun to climb mountains. √I find that he sings so well wonderful. ×I find it wonderful that he sings so well. √b. 使役动词之make, have, getmake/have+宾语+原形动词(过去分词表被动)(作补语)get+宾语+不定式(作补语)make可用于被动语态，have、get则不可以。
He was got to wash the car. ×He was had to wash the car. ×He was made to wash the car. √c. make的用法(对应于宾语补语的倒装，见刘毅语法宝典p666)如果宾语是不定式，动名词，或由that和whether所引导的名词性从句，又有宾语补语时，应用it代替这类长宾语。
He made to get up early a rule. ×He made it a rule to get up early. √I had made whether I am to go or not clear. ×I had made it clear whether I am to go or not. √备注：长宾语时亦要倒装He made his meaning clear. √He made his strong objection to the proposals clear. ×He made clear his s trong objection to the proposals. √5. (p46) (刘毅P323)授予动词, 间接宾语与直接宾语颠倒时，就需要另加介词to, for或ofa. to 表示给予(give, lend, bring, show, tell, write, send, hand, teach, offer, sell, promise, pass等)He gave me a watch.= He gave a watch to me.b. for 表示代劳(buy, make, leave, do, choose, order, sing 等)One must do someone a good deed every day.= One must do a good deed or someone every day.c. of 表示从… … 之中的概念(ask, expect, require, demand等)He asks me a question.= He asks a question of me. (of = from)d. 有些需要介词at, against, on(throw, bear, play等)The naughty boy threw a stone at the bird.The thief bears a grudge against the policeman.备注(1)有些双宾语动词只适用于无介词情形，如answer, envy, forgive 等。