雅思同义词替换总结(加分词汇,短语互译)

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雅思听力技巧同义替换专项总结

四，肯定否定旳同义替代
题干：
lack of good____
Transcripts:
poor training
题目：
On Travelite holidays, people holidaying alone pay___
A. the same as other clients B. only a little more than other clients C. extra only if they stay in a large room
because
注意变序考点
七.逻辑同义替代
Transcripts: Rexford is just 35 minutes from London
Airport. 题目： C. near London Airport
七.逻辑同义替代
Transcripts： We had no money to pay the bills 题目： What problem did we face in 2023: A. I t couldn’t meet its overheads
Transcripts: We guarantee that no single client
will pay more…
A the same as other clients
五.主动被动旳同义替代
题干： Talk by_____
Transcripts: then the Director of Studies will talk to you…
七.逻辑同义替代
七.逻辑同义替代
因果逻辑
Result →→→ Reason:
因为，因为
because (of), due to, as a result of, result from, on account of, owing to, be attributed to

雅思听力最常见同义替换归纳

chou名词1. 上义词V.S 下义词e.g cold drink → chilled mineral waterreptile → snakesimprovement → innovatione.g we → library staffyou → postgraduates形容词1. 同义词，近义词替换e.g easy → elementary, simpletall → highideal → perfect2. 反义替换e.g interesting → boringnoisy → quiet2. 同根词互换e.g arrive → arrivaldepart → departure3. 反义替换e.g include → excludebeen told → heard4. 跨词性替换e.g listen to → ta lksreduce → lower5. 抽象到具体e.g recover → overcome its problems地图题核心词汇be far from 距离某处很远be nearby 距离某处很近go straight across/to/through 径直走过/向/穿过cross(over) 穿过（某条街道）租房场景核心词汇Accommodation Center 住宿管理中心housing coordinator 住宿协调员landlord/landlady 男/女房东flat/apartment公寓student hostel 学生招待所motel汽车旅馆bungalow 平房lounge客厅kitche厨房garag车库store room/house储藏室corridor走廊bathroom卫生间stove炉灶microwave oven微波炉air conditioning空调radiator(电)暖气stereo (system)音响fridge/refrigerator/freezer冰箱washing machine洗衣机electric fans 电风扇electric stove电炉cooking utensils厨房用具armchair扶手椅carpet 地毯dishwasher 洗碗机toaster 烤面包机bathtub/tub浴盆furniture 家具unfurnished无家具设备的springs弹簧床towel 浴巾,毛巾个人信息表核心词汇fullname全名namenamevisabirthage年龄bloodtype血型height身高favoritefood比较/最爱吃的食物transportation交通工具register/enrollmentdate注册/报道日期Englishproficiency英语水平home/officenumber家庭/办公电话号码weightstatus德Birmingham 伯明翰Coventry 考文垂Leeds 利兹Scotland 苏格兰Glasgow 格拉斯哥Edinburgh 爱丁堡Wales 威尔士Cardiff 加的夫Ireland 爱尔兰Dublin 都柏林Belfast 贝尔法斯特New Zealand 新西兰Wellington 惠灵顿Australia 澳大利亚Canberra 堪培拉Brisbane 布里斯班Sydney 悉尼PerthQuebecYorkBoston 波士顿Atlanta 亚特兰大Seattle 西雅图LosAngeles/L.A.洛杉矶Chicago 芝加哥旅游娱乐核心词汇cities 城市mountains 山脉deserts 沙漠hilly areas 丘陵地带wet lands 沼泽地bush land 灌木丛tropical rain forests 热带雨林resorts 胜地coastal areas 沿海地区hot springs 温泉cruisefountain 喷泉plants 植物beaches 海滩spotlight tour 聚光灯旅行four-wheel drive 四驱车cruise 游轮water polo 水球beach towel 大浴巾telescopes 望远镜雅思考试常见动物duckbill 鸭嘴兽koala 考拉kangaroo 袋鼠ostrich 鸵鸟falcon 猎鹰parrot 鹦鹉coral 珊瑚jelly fish 水母shark 鲨鱼turtle 海龟have a stuffednose 鼻子不通stiff neck 脖子发僵cholera 霍乱tummy upset 脓肿pills 肠胃不适have/catch acold 感冒have a sorethroat 嗓子痛have a stomachache 胃痛have a fever 发烧have aheadache 头痛have a cough 咳嗽have atoothache 牙痛allergy 过敏症chillyskullliver 肝脏kidney 肾脏skeleton 骨骼muscle 肌肉joint 关节blood vessel 血管brain 脑throat 喉咙，咽喉nipple 乳头pit 胸口navel 肚脐abdomen 腹部thigh 大腿nerve 神经human bodyhead 头forehead 额throat 喉咙、咽喉neck 脖子heel 踵（zhong）sole 脚底课程学习核心词汇commerce/trade/trading 贸易customs 海关customs duty 关税quota 配额；限额commercial transaction 买卖；交易manufacturer 制造商；制造厂middleman 中间商；经纪人dealer 经销商wholesaler 批发商retailer 零售商tradesman 零售商merchant 商人sale 销售bulk sale 整批销售wholesale 批发facilities 设施divisions 系departments 系campus 校园Common Room/House公共休息室canteen 食堂dining hall 食堂cafeteria 自助餐厅accommodation 住宿car park/parking lot/area 停车场shopping mall 购物中心deadlines 截止日期attendance 出勤率homesickness 想家financial 财务的plagiarism 作弊Administration/Admin Office 管理办公室Laboratory/lab 实验室Student Union 学生会Auditorium 会堂；礼堂lounge, gymnasium/gym 体育馆LawCentertootermsinterlibrary service 图书馆之间相互借书locker room 更衣室resource center 资料中心audio-visual resources 音像资料中心newspapers 报纸journals （学术性的）杂志periodical(magazines and journals) 定期刊物almanacs 年鉴atlas 地图集bibliography 书目in circulation 在书库里touch-screen service 触摸屏stacks 书库photocopying room 复印室open/closed reserve 可以外借的/只准在图书馆看的重要或热门书籍current/back issue 最新的/过期的一期category 种类librarian 图书馆员encyclopedia 百科全书test papers 考试卷8、重要的：9、认为：15、导致：16、因此：1718、降低至：to, sink to, slide to19、保持稳定：Level out, do not change, remain stable, remain still, remain steady, be stable, maintain the same level, remain unchanged, be still, remain the same level, stay constant, keep at the same level, level off, stabilize, keep its stability, even out20、急剧地：Dramatically, drastically, sharply, hugely, enormously, steeply, substantially,considerably, significantly, markedly, surprisingly, strikingly, radically, remarkably, vastly,noticeably21、平稳地：Steadily, smoothly, slightly, slowly, marginally, gradually, moderately, mildly22、宣称：Allege, assert, declare, claim23、发生：Happen, occur, take place24、原因：Reason, factor, cause25、发展：Development, advance, progress26、有益的：Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding, advantageous27、影响：Influence, impact, effect28、明显的：Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent, crystal-clear29、占：Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up, occupy, hold, compose30、与…相比：Compared with, compared to, in comparison with, in comparison to, by comparison31323435、事实上：36、换言之：三、Australia 澳大利亚Canberra 堪培拉Queensland 昆士兰州Brisbane 布里斯班New South Wales 新南威尔士州Sydney 悉尼South Australia 南澳大利亚州Adelaide 阿德莱德Victoria 维多利亚州Melbourne 墨尔本Western Australia 西澳大利亚州Perth 珀斯Section 1旅游，租房，搬家，办驾照，找工作，购物，订餐Section 2旅游，图书馆，招聘，活动介绍，健康保健,电台节目Section 3 conversation口头陈述---presentation作业布置---assignment论文讨论---essay地图题给出地点名称，寻找图中相应位置。

雅思同义词替换总结(加分词汇,短语互译).

核心动词：1.想，认为think,hold,argue,concede,assert,deem,consider,believe,maitain,2深思熟虑，仔细考虑ponder,deliberate,meditate,comteplate,reflect3.培养cultivate,foster,nurture,nourish4.加强，巩固strengthen,sonsolidate,reinforce,5.显示，表明manifest,display,show,reveal,present,suggest,demonstrate,indicate,illustrate,re flect6.确认，证实verify, confirm, establish,affirm7.断言，宣称declare,claim,allege,assert,state8.支持，维护,拥护support,maitain,uphold,approve,advocate,champion9.反对oppose,be against,disagree,disapprove,object to10.解决(问题，麻烦)solve,tackle,combat,address,resovle,cope with,settle11.导致，引发，引起give rise to,trigger,spark,lead to,bring about,result in,12.建议，提议suggest,recommend,urge,propose,advise,put forward,13.阻止，阻碍,限制prevcnt, deter,jeopardize,restrain，confine (to),restrict,refrain,limit 14.影响have effect on, affect,influence,have an impact on,sway15.增长，发展，提高increase,rise,develop,enhance,improve,advance,upgrade,raise,facilita te,boost,promote16.下降，减少decrease,decline,fall,drop,slump17.实现，完成fulfil,realize,achieve,accomplish,attain18.提供，给予supply,provide,perform…for,offer,yield19.占。

雅思作文同义词替换及例句总结

作文同义词替换及例句总结Globalization1、infrastructural adj. 基础设施的例句：As a commonly-accepted measure, aid contributes to the infrastructural construction of poor countries.作为一种普遍认可的措施，国际援助有助于促进穷国的基础设施建设。

近义词：Public facility例句：As harmonious society cannot exist without harmonious social units, the harmony of the library-a social public facility as well as its contribution to society culturally plays a very significant role in the construction of harmonious society.和谐社会离不开和谐的社会单元，图书馆这一社会公共机构，其和谐及社会贡献对构建和谐社会有着重要影响。

2、starvation n. 饥饿例句：Many people suffer from starvation, poverty or contagious diseases.很多人遭受着饥饿和贫困。

近义词：nestia／famine／hunger例句：We made a contribution to the famine relief fund.我们给饥馑赈济基金捐了款。

3、appropriate adj. 适当的、恰当的例句：An appropriate example is that…一个恰当的例子是…近义词：proper/modest/advisable/opportune ；例句：Indeed there is a modest near-term stimulus, overall.总的来说，这实际上是一个适度的短期激励。

雅思阅读同义词替换介绍整理

让知识带有温度。

雅思阅读同义词替换介绍整理雅思阅读同义词替换介绍1. outcome=product=result=conclusion=consequence 结果，后果n.2. overcome=win=get over=exceed克服，战胜v.3. insufficient=deficient=shortage=lack=scarcity不足的adj.4. supply=provide=furnish=give 供应v.5. launch=release=project=send=shot=emit 开头，投放v.6. suppose=expect=imagine=guess=speculate=think猜想，设想v.7. detect=perceive=explore=sense发觉，觉察v.8. handicap=difficult=obstacle=hindrance=bar=deterrent 障碍，困难n.9. peer=the people who are at the same age as you, or who have the same type of job, social class etc.同龄人，伙伴n.10. positive=optimistic=uplifting 乐观的adj.11. administer=manage=conduct=implement=perform执行，管理v.12. funding=money=funds=financial resource 资金，基金n.第1页/共2页千里之行，始于足下。

13. interact=if people interact with each other, they talk to each other, work together etc. 互动v.14. irrigation=the supplement of land or crops with water 浇灌n.15. sedimentation=the natural process by which small pieces of rock, earth etc settle at the bottom of the sea etc and form a solid layer 积淀n.【雅思阅读同义词替换介绍】文档内容到此结束，欢迎大家下载、修改、丰富并分享给更多有需要的人。

雅思口语同义替换汇总

雅思口语同义替换汇总1. 同义替换是什么？同义替换是指将一个单词或短语替换为具有相同或相似意义的另一个单词或短语，以丰富口语表达，使语言更生动有趣。

2. 为什么要使用同义替换？使用同义替换可以避免重复使用相同的单词或短语，提升口语表达的多样性。

此外，同义替换还能展示语言的灵活运用，让口语更具吸引力和独特性。

3. 同义替换的常见技巧3.1 同义词替换同义词替换是最常见的同义替换技巧之一。

例如：- Good替换为excellent, great, wonderful等- Bad替换为terrible, awful, horrible等3.2 词组替换除了单个单词的替换，词组替换也是同义替换的一种常见形式。

例如：- In my opinion替换为I think, from my perspective等- Very important替换为crucial, significant等3.3 句型替换在口语表达中，句型替换也是一种实用且有效的同义替换方式。

例如：- I believe替换为I reckon, I suppose等- It's difficult替换为It's challenging, It's not easy等3.4 并列句替换当想要表达多个观点、事物或感受时，可以使用并列句替换，使口语更有层次感和连贯性。

例如：- I like apples and bananas替换为I enjoy both apples and bananas4. 同义替换的注意事项在进行同义替换时，需要注意以下几点：- 确保替换后的词或短语与原词的意义相同或相近。

- 避免使用不常见或不常规的同义词，以免让听者产生困惑。

- 不要过度使用同义替换，适度运用能提高口语表达，过度运用则可能显得不自然。

5. 总结同义替换是提升口语表达多样性和灵活性的有效方法。

通过使用同义替换技巧，可以使口语更具吸引力和趣味性。

雅思阅读同义词替换总结

名师：雅思阅读同义词替换（一）1. important =crucial (extremelyimportant),significant(amount or effect large enough to be important)mon=universal, ubiquitous(if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhere)3.abundant=ample(enough and usually extra), plentiful(enough for people's needs and wants)4.stick=adhere, cling(hold on something tightly)5.neglect=ignore.(difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough attention to something; ignore means no attention.)6.near=adjacent(twothings next to each other), adjoin(the same as adjacent)7.pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned), seek(if you seek sth, you try to obtain it. FORMAL)8.accurate=precise(precise is exact and accurate in all details), exact(correct in every detail)9.vague=obscure(unknown or known by only a few people)10.top=peak, summitpetitor=rival, opponent(especially in sports and politics)12.blame=condemn(if you condemn something, you say it is very bad and unacceptable)13.opinon=perspective, standpoint(means looking at an event or situation in a particular way)14.fame=prestige(describe those who are admired), reputation15.build=erect(you can erect something as buildings, FORMAL), establish16.insult=humiliate(do something or say something which makes people feel ashamed or stupid)plain=grumble (complain something in a bad-tempered way)18.primary=radical (very important and great in degree), fundamental19.relieve=alleviate(alleviate means you make pain or sufferings less intense or severe)20.force=coerces into(coerce means you make someone do something s/he does not want to),compel21.enlarge=magnify(magnify means make something larger than it really is)plex=intricate(if something is intricate, it often has many small parts and details)23. Lonely=solitary (if someone is solitary, there is no one near him/her24.small=minuscule(very small), minute,25.praise=extol(stronger than praise), compliment(polite and political)26.hard-working=assiduous(someone who is assiduous works hard or does things very thoroughly27.difficult=arduous(if something is arduous, it is difficult and tiring, and involves a lot of efforts)28.poor(soil)=barren, infertile(used to describe the soil is so poor that plants cannot be planted on it)29.fragile=brittle, vulnerable(someone who is vulnerable is easily hurt emotionally or physically)30.show=demonstrate (to demonstrate a fact means tp make it clear to people.)41.surprise=startle(it means surprise you slightly), astound(surprise you to a large degree),astonish(the same as astound)42.enthusiasm=zeal (a great enthusiasm), fervency (sincere and enthusiasm)43.quiet=tranquil(calm and peaceful), serene(calm and quiet)!44.expensive=exorbitant(it means too expensive that it should be)45.luxurious=lavish(impressive and very expensive), sumptuous(grand and very expensive46.boring=tedious(if you describe something tedious, you mean it is boring and frustrating)47.respect=esteem(if you esteem someone, you respect and admire him/her. FORMAL)48.worry=fret(if you fret about something, you worry about it)49.cold=chilly(unpleasantly cold), icy(extremely cold)50.hot=boiling(very hot)51.dangerous=perilous(very dangerous, hazardous(dangerous, especially to people's safety and health)52.nowadays=currently53.only=unique(the only one of its kind), distinctive;54.stop=cease(if something ceases, it stops happening or existing)55.part=component(the components of something are the parts that it is made of)56.result=consequence(the results or effects of something)57.obvious=apparent, manifest58.basedon=derived fromcan see or notice them very easily)60.quite=fairly61.pathetic=lamentable(very uncomfortable and disappointing)62.field=domain(a particular field of thought, activities or interest)63.appear=emerge(come into existence)64.whole=entire(the whole of something)865.wet=moist(slightly wet), damp(slightly wet), humid(very damp and hot)66.wrong=erroneous(incorrect or partly correct)67.difficult=formidable68.change=convert(change into another form)69.typical=quintessential(this word means represent a typical example of something)70.careful=cautious(very careful in order to avoid danger), prudent(careful and sensible)71.ability=capacity, capability(the same as ability)72.strange=eccentric(if some one is eccentric, s/he behaves in a strange way, or his/her opinion is different from most people)73.rich=affluent(if you are affluent, you have a lot of money)e= utilize (the same as use)75.dubious=skeptical(if you are skeptical about something, you have doubts on it.)76.satisfy=gratify (if you are gratified by something, it gives you pleasure and satisfaction)77.short=fleeting, ephemeral(if something is ephemeral, it lasts a short time)78.scholarship=fellowship79.angry=enraged(extremely angry)80.smelly=malodorous(used to describe an unpleasant smell)81.ugly=hideous(if something is hideous, it is very ugly or unattractive)82.attractive=appealing(pleasing and attractive),absorbing(something absorbing can attract you a great deal)83.diverse=miscellaneous(a miscellaneousgroups consists of many different kinds of things)84.disorder=disarray, chaos85.crazily=frantically(used to describe someone who behaves in a wild and uncontrolled way)86.rapid=meteoric(ATTENTION: meteoric is only used to describe someone achieves success quickly)87.ordinary=mundane(very ordinary and not at interesting or unusual)88.despite=notwithstanding(FORMAL)89.best=optimal(used to describe the best level something can achieve)/90.sharp=acute(severe and intense)91.unbelievable=inconceivable(ifyou deem something inconceivable, you think it very unlike to happen ^92.puzzle=perplex(something perplex someone means it confuses and worries him/her because he/she does not understand it)93.method=avenue(away of getting something done)94.famous=distinguished(used to describe people who are successful in their career)95.ancient=archaic(extremely old and extremely old-fashioned)96.decorate=embellish(embellish means make something look more attractive via decorating it with something else)/97.possible=feasible(if something is feasible, it can be done, made or achieved)98.so=consequently, accordingly99.rare=infrequent (doesn’t happen often 100.greedy=rapacious(greedy and selfish)。

雅思同义词替换总结(加分词汇,短语互译)文件.doc

核心动词：1.想，认为think,hold,argue,concede,assert,deem,consider,believe,maitain,2 深思熟虑，仔细考虑ponder,deliberate,meditate,comteplate,reflect3.培养cultivate,foster,nurture,nourish4.加强，巩固strengthen,sonsolidate,reinforce,5.显示，表明manifest,display,show,reveal,present,suggest,demonstrate,indicate,illustrate,re flect6.确认，证实verify, confirm, establish,affirm7.断言，宣称declare,claim,allege,assert,state8.支持，维护,拥护support,maitain,uphold,approve,advocate,champion9.反对oppose,be against,disagree,disapprove,object to10.解决(问题，麻烦)solve,tackle,combat,address,resovle,cope with,settle11.导致，引发，引起give rise to,trigger,spark,lead to,bring about,result in,12.建议，提议suggest,recommend,urge,propose,advise,put forward,13.阻止，阻碍,限制prevcnt, deter,jeopardize,restrain，confine (to),restrict,refrain,limit 14.影响have effect on, affect,influence,have an impact on,sway15.增长，发展，提高increase,rise,develop,enhance,improve,advance,upgrade,raise,facilita te,boost,promote16.下降，减少decrease,decline,fall,drop,slump17.实现，完成fulfil,realize,achieve,accomplish,attain18.提供，给予supply,provide,perform⋯for,offer,yield19.占。

雅思常见同义词替换

放弃：abandon=desert=forsake诺言：undertaking=commitment废除：abolish=get rid of=do away withabolishment=annulment=abolition精华：quintessence=essence=elite杰出人物：elitist糟粕：dregs=dross=draff吸取：suck up=absorbabsorption=assimilation=intake虐待：abuse=mistreatabuse=mistreatment=misuse=maltreat特权：privilege=prerogative=franchise（公民的特权）承担：assume=undertake完成：accomplish=fulfil=complete=carry out=achieve 成就：accomplishment=attainment=achievement获得：acquire=obtain=attain多才多艺的：versatile=accomplished=talented坚持：adhere=cling to=stick to规范：criterion=norm=standard承认：admit=acknowledge=confess宣称：assert=declare=process批准：approve=ratify同意：consent to do sth=assent to sth=subscribe to sth反对：be opposed to sth=fight against sthopposition=discommendation反对者：opponent=critic=objector=discommender支持者：proponent=campaigners=favorer=advocator=backer支持：stand by=hold out=countenance=be in favor of保护者：activist维护：assert=maintain=safeguard=preserve=conserve采取：adopt=assume措施：measures=countermeasures(appropriate/moderate/feasible/effective/practical/adequate）崇拜：adore=worship=admire憎恶：abhor=abominate可爱的：adorable=cute=likable=lovely提倡：advocate=感人的：affecting=impressive=heart-warming提供：offer sb sth=offer sth to sbProvide sb with sth=provide sth for sbRender sb sth=render sth to sb分配：allocate=assign=distribute=apportion=portion工资：wage=remuneration专门的：specialized=special可变的：alterable=variable激怒：irritate=infuriate=annoy=provoke满足：fulfill=suffice=gratify讨厌的：abominable=troublesome=disgusting=annoying期望：anticipate=hope for感谢：appreciate=express gratitude to sb for sth=acknowledge Gratefulness=appreciation鄙视：despise=contemnContempt残忍无耻的：barbarous=outrageous=inhumane=ruthless=brutal =savage弘扬：carry forward sth激发：arouse=stimulate鼓励：stimulation=encouragement估计：estimate=reckon=appraiseEvaluation=appraisal=estimation=assessment大量充分的：adequate=sufficient=considerable丰富的：prolific=profuse=teeming=lushabundance=exuberance=enrichment富裕的：wealthy=ample=affluent过多的：excessive=superabundant=overmany多余的：redundant=superfluous缺乏不足：absence of=lack of=scarcity of sth=shortage of devoid=inadequate=deficient参加：attend to=participate in=enter into好奇：inquisitiveness=curiosity愚昧：folly=ignorance避免：avert=shun=keep away from无法避免的：avoidless=unavoidable灾难：catastrophe=disaster=calamity误会：misconstrue=misapprehend=misunderstandmisunderstanding尴尬：awkwardness=embarrassment=uneasiness浪费：profligacy=extravagancedissipate=squander观点：perspective=viewpoint=standpoint=point of view=angle 平衡：poise=counterpoiseequilibrium禁止：interdict=proscribe=inhibitforbiddence= prohibition环境：environment =circumstance=surroundings=condition加速：accelerate=hasten=quicken忍受：put up with=endure属于：belong to=pertain to财产：belongings=property=possessions=estate（房地产）财富：treasure=fortune=wealth阻碍：block=hinder=obstruct促进：push forward=facilitate=boost视野：horizon=vision=field of view值得：claim=deserve分类：classify=categorise弥补：compensate for=make up for抱怨：complain=grumble集中精力：concentrate attention on=focus on doing sth 精力活力：vigour=stamina=vitality重视：attach importance to=take into account sth重要：significanceSignificant=crucial =vital =imperative=essential 必要：indispensable=substantial需要：necessitate（v）至关重要的：fateful迫在眉睫的：urgent=pressing谴责：condemn=censure=criticise sb for doing sth面临：be confronted with=be faced with克服：conquer=overcome合作：cooperate(vi)=collaborate(vi)深入：deepen=go deep into=penetrate into减少：diminish=lessen剥夺：deprive sb of sthDeprivation来自于：deprive from=originate from=come from揭示：demonstrate=reveal歧视：discriminate against区别：discriminate between=distinguish between=differentiate between...andDistinction=differentiation=disparity有识别能力的：discriminating=discriminative=discriminatory 处理：dispose of=deal withdisposal=treatment争论：dispute with sb about sthDispute=argument确实地：undoubtedly=undeniably努力：endeavour to do sth=struggle for sth相互的：mutual=reciprocal保证：ensure=insure=guarantee谢意：gratefulness=appreciation=gratitude懒散的：indolent=idle符合：be in line with=conform发现： detect=spot=perceive主要地：predominantly=primarily显著的：remarkable=marvelouspredominantly=observably加强：reinforce=intensify=strengthen适应性：adaptability=flexibility出现：advent=emergence=appearance=spring up（v）帮助：aid=assistance氛围：atmosphere=ether权威：authority=authoritativeness崩溃：breakdown=collapse突破：breakthrough灾难：calamity=catastrophe=disaster=mishap=tragedy 运动：campaign=movement=activity事业：enterprise=undertaking=career名人：celebrity=personality团结：cohesion=solidarity创造力：creativeness=creativity培养：foster=cultivate=developfosterage=cultivation提升：exalt=elevate=escalate=go up欺骗： deceit= deception=fraudDeceitful=deceptive=fraudulent恶化：deteriorate=exacerbatedeterioration=worsening消除：eliminate=removeElimination=removal=annihilation实施：implement=enforceImplementation=execution娱乐：amusement=entertainment=pastime=recreation 悠闲：disengagement=vacancy=leisure热忱：zest=enthusiasmEnthusiastic=fervent正义：justice=righteousness邪恶：evil=wickedness恶意：malignancy=malevolence风味：flavour=savour灵活性：flexibility=elasticity天赋：genius=aptitude=gift=talent贪婪：greedy=avariciousgreed=greediness=avarice遗产：heritage=legacy=inheritance不关心：indifference=nonchalance=unconcernImpassive=indifferent违反：infringe=violateInfringement=violation改革：innovation=reformation=reform洞察力：insight=discernment了解：gain an insight into=realize灵感：inspiration=afflatus诚实：integrity=sincerity干涉：interference=intervention破坏：jeopardize=devastate=undermine=impair Demolishment=destructionDevastating=destructive危险：jeopardy=hazard=peril自由：liberty=freedom专利垄断：monopoly=monopolisation=patent动机：motivation=motive营养：nutrition=nourishmentnutritionist责任：obligation=responsibilityBe accountable to sb for sth障碍： hinder=hurdle=obstacle=barrier分享：participation=sharing污染：contamination=pollution普及：popularise=disseminatePopularisation=popularity人口众多的：populous可能性：potential=likelihood=possibility贫困：destitution=impoverishment=povertyDestitute=penniless=impoverished=needy偏见：prejudice =preconception=bias优先权：preference=priority前景：prospect=outlook代替：a substitute of A for B=replacement of sth=alternative 名声声誉：reputation=prestige=fame著名的：exceptional=outstanding=prominent=renowned=be notable for声名狼藉的：be notorious for牺牲：sacrifice=victimisationVictim牺牲品，受害者卫生：sanitation(环境卫生)=hygiene（personal hygiene）Sanitary=hygienic陈规老套：stereotype压力：strain=tension=pressure=stress战略：strategy=tactic力量：strength=power=force技巧：technique=skill生存：subsistance=survival(幸存)=survivance(幸存)优势好处：merits=virtue=superiority=advantage劣势缺点：demerits=drawback有害不利：baneful =be detrimental to=adverse有利有益：be beneficial/advantageous/conducive to=benign 监督：monitor=censor=supervisesupervision=surveillance迷信：superstition象征：symbol=emblem征兆：symptom(病症)=omen天资：talent=endowment诱惑：seduction=temptation痛苦：torture=torment=suffering特点：trait=characteristic=speciality多样化：diversificationDiversified=multiple=diversiform胜利：triumph=victory青少年：youngster(s)=youth=juvenile=adolescent(s)寻找：quest for=look for政府：administration=authorities=concerned departments 当地的：indigenous=native解决：address=tackle=combat=approach=handle=cope with国外的：exotic=alien=abroad国内的：home=domestic外在的：external=exterior=outer内在的：internal=interior=inner=inherent极巨大的： astronomical= enormous=colossal大的：tremendous小的：minute繁荣：flourish=thrive=prosperFlourishing=prosperous论文：dissertation=thesis=essay=paper新颖的：novel=新手：novice=green hand发明：coin=devise=invent人类：humanity=man=the human race=Homo sapiens人们：individual记者：journalist(书刊杂志）=correspondent(驻外、战地)=reportor 影响：exert impacts/repercussions/implications on=affect节约：economize=saveEconomical居民：dwellers=occupants=inhabitants=residents不同的：differential=distinct=diverse=divergent公司企业：corporation=enterprise迷惑困惑：puzzle=perplex=bafflepuzzled=perplexd=baffled提出：present=put forth=come up with好客的：hospitable吸引：fascinate one`s attention=attract one`s attentionFascination=attraction不得不：be obligated to do=have no choice but to do应该：ought to do=be supposed to do限制：confine=restrict协会组织：association=organization固定不变：rigid=no change=little change=immutable（数据不变） invariability=invariableness稳固坚实的：solid=steady=firm改变：shift=transform(彻底变)=convert（宗教信仰）=modify（内容修改）=reviseTransformation=shift=conversion=modification=revision=change擅长于：be adept at=be good at成比例：be proportional toPercentage=proportion成反比：in inverse proportion昂贵的：costly=dear错误：error=blunder=mistake竞争者对手：rival=competitor贸易：commerce=trade开始：commence to do依靠依赖：rely on=count on=depend on照顾考虑：take sb into considerationIn light of同情心：sympathy=compassion良心：conscience流行的：prevailing=prevalent=popular普遍的：prevalent=pervasive渴望做：be eager to do sth=desire for sth=desire to do sth =long for sth=long to do sth正确精确准确：accurate（inaccurate）=exact=precise沉溺于：abandon oneself to doing sth=be addicted to do sth =be indulged in sth善行美德：virtue=benevolence无可比拟的：inimitable=incomparable在当代：in the contemporary(present-day) society=in this day and age明显的：manifest=apparent=evident=conspicuous令人担忧的:alarming=worrisome令人震惊的：appalling=shocking=astonishing 迷人的吸引人的：appealing=alluring=charming 落后的：backward=behindhand令人困惑费解的：bewildering=perplexing谨慎仔细的：coutious=prudent=deliberate骄傲自大的：arrogant=cocky=conceited协调一致的：compatible=consistent传染性的：epidemic=contagious=infectious猖獗蔓生的：rampant=inundant挑战性的：defiant=challenging不正常的：deviant=abnormal剧烈的：grievous=severe遗传的：inherited=hereditary直接的：immediate=firsthand间接的：mediate=circular强制的：imperative=mandatory=compulsory合理的：legitimate=sound全国性的：nationwide=countrywide下流淫秽的：obscene=indecent=nasty=offensive。

雅思阅读同义词替换的内容整理

让知识带有温度。

雅思阅读同义词替换的内容整理雅思阅读同义词替换的内容Cambridge 8 TEST 41. middle-year education=lower secondary school 中学2. format=pattern n.格式3. less successful student=struggler 差等生4. key=contributing factor=important=major=significant=critical n.关键5.achievement=attainment=progress=breakthrough=accomplishment n.成就6. spacious=largely=big=huge=vast=enormous=immense adj.宽阔的7. adapt=accessible=get used to=become/grow accustomed to=adjust to v.适应，可接近的8.careful=elaborate=conscientious=thorough=meticulous=methodical adj.认真的，细心的9.第1页/共2页千里之行，始于足下。

supplementary=assist=additional=extra=further=added=spare=more=anot her n.补充，关心10. effort=hard work=work at=push yourself=labour n.努力11. correct answer=accuracy n.精确12. imbalance=disorder=unequal=disproportionate n.不平衡，紊乱13. no longer respond=resistance=fight against 反抗14. cost=financial outlay=spend=charge=fare=rental=toll n.支出15. innate=built-in adj.先天的16. immunity=resistance n.免疫力17. entail=involve v.包含18. circumstance=system n.环境，系统【雅思阅读同义词替换的内容】文档内容到此结束，欢迎大家下载、修改、丰富并分享给更多有需要的人。

雅思同义词替换总结加分词汇短语互译

核心动词：1.想，认为think,hold,argue,concede,assert,deem,consider,believe,maitain,2深思熟虑，仔细考虑ponder,deliberate,meditate,comteplate,reflect3.培养cultivate,foster,nurture,nourish4.加强，巩固strengthen,sonsolidate,reinforce,5.显示，表明manifest,display,show,reveal,present,suggest,demonstrate,indicate,illustrate,reflect 6.确认，证实verify, confirm, establish,affirm7.断言，宣称declare,claim,allege,assert,state8.支持，维护,拥护support,maitain,uphold,approve,advocate,champion9.反对oppose,be against,disagree,disapprove,object to10.解决(问题，麻烦)solve,tackle,combat,address,resovle,cope with,settle11.导致，引发，引起give rise to,trigger,spark,lead to,bring about,result in,12.建议，提议suggest,recommend,urge,propose,advise,put forward,13.阻止，阻碍,限制prevcnt, deter,jeopardize,restrain，confine (to),restrict,refrain,limit14.影响have effect on, affect,influence,have an impact on,sway15.增长，发展，提高increase,rise,develop,enhance,improve,advance,upgrade,raise,facilitate,boost, promote16.下降，减少decrease,decline,fall,drop,slump17.实现，完成fulfil,realize,achieve,accomplish,attain18.提供，给予supply,provide,perform…for,offer,yield19.占。

雅思口语同义词替换总结整理

雅思口语同义词替换总结整理大家应当都知道替换词这个说法，以下为大家（总结）的是同义替换词汇，都是一些常用词汇，盼望各位同学能够在考试的过程中常常使用并娴熟地把握（同义词）替换的技巧，为自己的语言加分哦。

雅思口语同义词替换总结11、解决：Solve, deal with, cope with, handle,resolve, address, tackle2、损害：Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair,undermine, jeopardize3、给与：Give, offer, render, impart, provide,supply, afford4、培育：Develop, cultivate, foster5、优势：Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength6、缺陷：Disadvantage, demerit, drawback,downside, weakness7、使迷惑：Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle8、重要的：Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial,indispensable, imperative9、认为：Think, believe, insist,maintain, assert, conclude,deem, hold,argue,be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced雅思口语同义词替换总结210、爱护：Protect, conserve, preserve11、确保：Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge12、有害的：Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental13、要求：Request, demand, needs, requisition14、消退：Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away15、导致：Lead to, bring about, result in, cause,spark off, conduce to,procure, induce, generate16、因此：So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence,accordingly, as a result, because of this, as a result of this雅思口语同义词替换总结317、增长至：Grow to，rise to，increase to，go up to，climb to，ascend to，jump to，shoot to18、降低至：Dip to，fall to，decline to，decrease to，drop to，go down to，reduce to，slump to，descend to，sink to，slide to19、保持稳定：Level out，do not change，remain stable，remain still，remain steady，be stable，maintain the same level，remain unchanged，be still，remain thesame level，stay constant，keep at the same level，level off，stabilize，keep its stability，even out20、宣称：Allege, assert, declare, claim21、发生：Happen, occur, take place22、缘由：Reason, factor, cause23、进展：Development, advance, progress24、有益的：Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding，advantageous25、影响：Influence, impact, effect26、明显的：Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest，apparent,crystal-clear27、占：Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up，occupy, hold, compose雅思口语同义词替换总结428、与…相比：Compared with，compared to，in comparison with，in comparison to，by comparison with，by comparison to29、对比而言：By contrast，in contrast，on the other hand，on the contrary=，conversely30、展现：Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present, represent,describe31、大约：Approximately，almost，about，around，nearly，roughly32、波动：Fluctuate，go ups and downs，display a fluctuation，demonstrate a fluctuation33、事实上：Practically，in practice，essentially，in essence，in reality，in effect，in fact，as a matter of fact，it is a fact that34、换言之：Namely，that is to say，in other words，to put it like this，to put it differently，to put it from another way，to put it fromanother angle雅思口语同义词替换总结文档内容到此结束，欢迎大家下载、修改、丰富并分享给更多有需要的人。

雅思写作同义替换汇总

雅思写作同义替换汇总引言本文将总结一些常用的同义替换词汇，以帮助雅思考生在写作过程中提升表达能力，并避免重复使用相同的词语。

1. 题目: Title- 替换词汇：Heading, Caption, Heading title- 替换词汇：Widespread, Universal, General3. 有利的: Beneficial- 替换词汇：Advantageous, Favorable, Positive4. 不利的: Detrimental- 替换词汇：Harmful, Negative, Adverse5. 许多: Many- 替换词汇：Numerous, A multitude of, A host of6. 重要的: Important- 替换词汇：Significant, Crucial, Vital7. 增长: Increase- 替换词汇：Rise, Grow, Expand8. 减少: Decrease- 替换词汇：Decline, Reduce, Diminish9. 影响: Impact- 替换词汇：Influence, Effect, Consequence10. 解决: Solve- 替换词汇：Resolve, Address, Tackle11. 增加: Add- 替换词汇：Include, Incorporate, Append12. 减小: Reduce- 替换词汇：Minimize, Diminish, Lessen结论通过使用这些同义替换词汇，雅思考生可以丰富自己的表达方式，增强写作的可读性和地道性。

在写作过程中，建议考生尽量避免过多使用相同的词语，而是灵活运用同义替换来传达不同的意思和观点。

以上就是本文对雅思写作同义替换的汇总，希望对雅思考生有所帮助。

雅思同义词替换总结

Cambridge 4TEST 11. ignore=pay no attention=not pay any attention=take no notice=not take any notice忽略，无视v.2. encounter=face=confront=meet遇见，遭遇v.3. mistaken view=misconception错误的观点n.4. easy to reach=accessible容易达到的adj.5. change=modify(modification) 改变v.6. destruction=destroy=loss毁坏n.7. investigate=make inquiries=enquiries=go into=probe=look into 调查v.8. where=geographical location 表地点9. important=vital=essential=crucial重要的adj.10. reason=cause=factor=origins=root=stimulus=impetus原因n.11. protect=guard=safeguard=shield=conservation保护v.12. newspapers, television=media媒体n.13. where to live=habitat居住地n.14. get warmer=global warming变暖n.15. contribute to=play a part有助于v.16. survive=continuing existence幸存，活下来v.17. curriculum=course=syllabus课程n.18. link to=be connected with=be linked with把…和…相联系v.19. underdeveloped=degenerated=rudimentary不发达的adj.20. poor=bad=badly=not very good=no good at something=weak贫穷的，可怜的adj.21. exceptional=good=excellent=outstanding=brilliant=impressive=admirable超常的，例外的adj.22. mating=courtship交配.23. follow=track=tail=shadow=hound=stalk=stalker跟随，跟踪v.24. good vision ability=vision is obviously more useful…好的视力25. best=well=greatest=finest=ideal=top=number one =ultimate=optimum=definitive=unsurpassed=record-breaking极好的adj.26. surprised=amazed=astonished=astounded=be taken aback=startled感到惊讶的adj.27. volunteer=subject实验研究对象n.28. similar=resemble=like=alike相似的adj.29. blind=can not see瞎的adj.TEST 21. initiative=on your own/by yourself=independently=on your own initiative=under your own steam=to be the person who starts something=plan=law主动的，自发的adj. 主动权n.2. increase=go up=rise=grow=climb=gain=escalate=pick up=widen=be on the increase=intensify=expand=build up上升，增加v.3. teach=educate=train=coach=instruct=bring up教学v.4. more than one language=bilingual=sb's second language多种语言n.5. determine=establish=identify=pinpoint=diagnose 决定v.6. young people=teenager=youth=in your teens=adolescent=minor年轻人n.7. community=all the people in a particular area, city, country etc.群体，团体，社区n.8. traditional=old-fashioned=outdated=outmoded=unfashionable传统的adj.9. fail=failure=not succeed=unsuccessful=vain=fruitless=unproductive=be a failure=go wrong=not work=do no good=fall through失败v.10. endanger=to put someone or something in danger of being hurt=damaged=destroyed危及，使危险v.11. diverse=varied=variety=wide-ranging=mixed各种各样的adj.12. inevitable=certain to happen and impossible to avoid不可避免的adj.13. differ from=unusual与…不同v.14. reluctant=unwilling=not willing=drag your feet=be loath to do something=conservative勉强的adj.15. consult=ask somebody's advice=seek advice=get/obtain advice资询v.16. alternative=another=other=different=new=else=variation=variant另一个17. therapist=someone who has been trained to give a particular form of treatment for physical or mental illness临床医学家n.18. retrain=taking courses再教育v.19. salary=pay=wage=income=earnings=fee工资，收入n.20.long-term=chronic=long-running=long-standing=lasting=lifelong=prolonged=lingering=enduring =abiding=incurable长期的adj.21. complaint=complain=make a complaint=protest=object=complain抱怨n.22. illness=disease=virus=bug=infection疾病n.23. connection=relationship=link=correlation联系n.24. beneficial=be good for you/ do somebody good=wholesome=nutritious=nourishing=healthful 有益的adj.25. insight=comprehension=understanding理解，见解n.26. physical=relating to the body=bodily身体的adj.27. hazard=risk=danger=threat障碍，危险n.28. accompany=with=together=along with=come wit陪伴,伴随29. mental=relating to the health or state of someone's mind精神上的，心理的adj.30. possible=possibility=can=potential=there is a chance/possibility可能的adj.31. reduction=decrease=drop=fall=cut 减少n.32. class="type"=kind=sort=style=category=variety种类n.33. rehearsal=practice=training=run-through=exercise排练，演习n.34. peer=your peers are the people who are the same age as you, or who have the same type of job, social class etc同伴n.35. defensive=used or intended to protect someone or something against attack 防御n.36. strategy=way=method=approach=technique=system=tactics 方法，功略n.37. assist=help=aid=with the aid of帮助v.38. specific=give (somebody) more details=expand on=enlarge on=go into more=greater detail=be more specific=be more explicit=elaborate特定的adj.39. substance=a particular type of solid, liquid, or gas 物质n.40. surroundings=environment=circumstance 环境n.41. engage=give somebody a job=employ=take on=appoint=recruit=sign up雇佣v.42. combine=mix=stir=beat=blend=whisk=dilute联合v.43. survival=the state of continuing to live or exist幸存n.TEST 31. quotation= a sentence or phrase from a book, speech etc which you repeat in a speech or piece of writing because it is interesting or amusing 引言n.2. exemplify= example=case=instance=to be a very typical example of something=to give an example of something 例证v.3. explain=tell=say what/why/where etc=show=demonstrate=go through=throw/shed light on=set out解释v.4. outline= to describe something in a general way, giving the main points but not the details概述v.5. purpose=aim=point=idea=objective=object=goal= target=end目的n.6. encourage=persuade=persuasion=get somebody to do something=influence=encourage=talk somebody into=put somebody up to鼓励v.7. loan= an amount of money that you borrow from a bank etc. 贷款n.8. poverty= being poor贫穷n.9. crime= illegal activities in general犯罪n.10. reject=to refuse to accept, believe in, or agree with something 拒绝v.11. employ=give somebody a job=take on=engage= appoint=recruit=sign up雇佣v.12. courier=a person or company that is paid to take packages somewhere快递员n.13. storage=keep=store=keep something in storage=preserve 存储n.14. facility=rooms, equipment, or services that are provided for a particular purpose 设备n.15. ambitious=ambition=power-hungry/power-mad=competitive= determined to be successful, rich, powerful etc.有志向的，雄心壮志的adj.16. effort=to try very hard to do something= attempt=campaign=drive努力n.17. feature= a part of something that you notice because it seems important, interesting, or typical；a part of the land, especially a part that you can see: a part of someone's face, such as their eyes, nose etc特点n.18. planet= the world=earth/Earth=the globe 地球n.19. unpredictable=can't say/tell=unforeseeable=it remains to be seen 无法预测的adj.20. machinery=machines, especially large ones= a system or set of processes for doing something=machine=device=robot=appliance=mechanism 机械n.21. ultimate=someone's ultimate aim is their main and most important aim, that they hope to achieve in the future= final最终的，根本的adj.22. atmosphere= the feeling that an event or place gives you= the mixture of gases that surrounds the Earth气氛; 大气n.23. occur=happen=take place=there is=come about=come up=turn up=arise=strike发生v.24. expand= get bigger=grow=swell up=stretch扩张，扩大v.25. form= type= way something is/appears=shape形式n.26. emerge=appear=become visible=come into view/come into sight=come out=reappear 出现v.27. emit= to send out gas, heat, light, sound etc 发出，放射n.28. situation= circumstances=position=case=plight情况，状况n.29. self-conscious=worried and embarrassed about what you look like or what other people think of you自觉的n.30. generate= to make someone have a particular feeling= form=produce=create 产生v.31. various=there are several different types of that thing=different=a variety ofsomething=differing=varying=an assortment of something=assorted=a mix of something=a mixture of something各种各样的adj.32. convenient= a thing or way of doing something that is easy and quick; a time or arrangement that is convenient 方便的adj.33. objective=impartial=neutral=not take sides=unbiased=disinterested客观的adj.34. enquiry=investigate=make inquiries/enquiries=go into=probe=look into=solve=be under investigation 调查35. observe=notice=can see/can tell=see=spot=detect=note become aware/conscious=catch somebody's eye=perceive观察v.36. comment=remark=thing to say=point=statement= announcement=declaration=observation评论37. include=consist of=comprise=be composed of= be made up of包含，包括v.38. focus on=deals only with=concentrate专注于v.39. affect=have an effect=have an impact=take effect= make a difference=impact影响v.40. gained from=come from=be based on=originate= go back to=have its origins in=have its roots in=derive from/be derived from=develop from/evolve from产生于…. V.41. concern=worry=stress=anxiety=strain= a feeling of worry about something important关心，担心n.TEST 41. official=formal=authorized=on (the) record官方的，正式的adj.2. athletic=physically strong and good at sport=fit=be in shape=be in good condition运动的adj.3. intensive=involving a lot of activity, effort, or careful attention in a short period of time=rapid=crash course密集的，加强的adj.4. burst=a short sudden effort or increase in activity=burst of anger/enthusiasm/temper etc 爆炸，突发5. recognize=know=identify=pick out=tell认出，承认v.6. inadequate=not enough=too little=few=scarce=insufficient=be in short supply=lack of something=be short 不足的adj.7. develop=come from=be based on=originate=go back to=have its origins in=have its roots in=derive from=be derived from=be founded on=grow out of=develop from=evolve from发展，生长v.8. enable=make something possible=allow=permit=pave the way for=clear the way for使能够v.9. predict=anticipate=forecast=foretell=prediction=projected=guess in advance预测v.10. specialist=someone who knows a lot about a particular subject, or is very skilled at it=expert 专家n.11. theoretical=relating to the study of ideas, especially scientific ideas, rather than with practical uses of the ideas or practical experience理论的adj.12.basic=fundamental=essential=central=underlying=simple=crude=primitive=rudimentary=unsophi sticated=low-tech基本的adj.13. nature=plants/animals etc=somebody's character=qualities of something=type自然n.14. aim=purpose=point=idea=objective=object=goal=target=end目的n.15. translate=change languages=interpret=put something into English/French/Japanese etc翻译v.16. ancient=belonging to a time long ago in history, especially thousands of years ago 古老的adj.17. realistic=when pictures, films etc make things seem real=lifelike=realism=true to life=vivid实际的，现实的18. field=area=branch=world=domain=realm=sphere领域n.19. document=a piece of paper that has official information on it；a piece of written work that is stored on a computer文件n.20. equal=the same in number, amount, level etc as something else平等的adj.21. influence=effect=side effect=impact=what something does to=the implications 影响n.22. behavior=manner=conduct=behave=well-behaved=good=be on your best=stay out of trouble 行为n.23. compare=to examine or judge two or more things in order to show how they are similar to or different from each other=liken=make a comparison=draw an analogy=draw a parallel=contrast 比较v.24. economically=in a way that is related to systems of money, trade, or business经济上地adv.25. establish=determine=identify=pinpoint=diagnose=to start a new business or organization.建立新的生意/组织v.26. sustainable=able to continue without causing damage to the environment; able to continue fora long time可持续的adj.27. realize=know=be/become aware=can tell=appreciate=be conscious=know perfectly well=know/learn from experience意识到v.28. limit=restrict=set/impose/put a limit=keep to/keep within=confine=fix 限制29. produce=form=create=generate生产v.30. guarantee=promise=assure=give somebody your word=swear=vow=commit to=pledge保证v.31. liberty=freedom=a free hand自由n.32. independence=self-sufficiency=self-reliance 独立n.33. consistent=always behaving in the same way or having the same attitudes, standards etc - usually used to show approval持续的adj.34. underestimate=to think or guess that something is smaller, cheaper, easier etc than it really is=to think that someone is not as good, clever, or skilful, as they really are低估v.35. provision=when you provide something that someone needs now or in the future 提供n. Cambridge 5TEST 11. produce=develop=manufacture生产v.2. central=middle中心的adj.3. did not have=without没有v.4. bring=confer=award=present=grant=confer=allocate=offer带来v.5. time limit=deadline时间限制，期限n.6. increase=go up/rise=grow=climb=gain=escalate=expand=pick up=widen=intensify=build up增加7. assistant=helper=coach 助手n.8. immense=big=major=considerable=great=huge/enormous=tremendous=large scale/large-scale 巨大的adj.9. illustrate=show=be a sign=demonstrate=mean=make clear=reflect=tell=be evidence=reveal 表明，显示v.10. quotation=a phrase or sentence that is well-known or often used 引用语n.11. predecessor=someone who had your job before you started doing it 前辈，前任n.12. rival=a person, group, or organization that you compete with in sport, business, a fight etc=competitor 对手，竞争者n.13. distraction=something that stops you paying attention to what you are doing分心的事物n.14. fault=defect=problem=trouble=flaw=weakness =bug=virus=be something wrong with 错误，缺点15. cornerstone=basis=foundation=the key 基石n.16. confer=award=present=grant=allocate 给予v.17. stability=the condition of being steady and not changing稳定n.18. prevail=win=come out on top=prevail=carry the day流行,获胜v.19. contract=agreement=understanding=compromise 合约n.20. grant=award=present=confer=allocate给予v.21. fascinate=if someone or something fascinates you, you are attracted to them and think they are extremely interesting吸引，使着迷v.22. disturb=interrupt=bother=distract=put somebody off 打扰v.23. expect=think=anticipate预期，期待v.24. psychology=the study of the mind and how it influences people's behavior 心理学n.25. obey=comply with=abide by=keep to=stick to the rules=conform to=observe=respect=toe the line=go by the book/do something by the book 服从，顺从v.26. identity=someone's identity is their name or who they are 身份n.27. severity=used of the degree of something undesirable 严重性n.28. unfold=open=happen=develop=expand 展开，发生v.29. deliberately=intentionally=on purpose=purposely故意地adv.30. moral=relating to the principles of what is right and wrong behavior, and with the difference between good and evil 道德上的，与道德有关的adj.31. prior to=before=previous在…前面32. repetition=doing or saying the same thing many times重复n.33. genetic=relating to genes or genetics基因的，遗传学的adj.34. sacrifice=when you decide not to have something valuable, in order to get something that is more important牺牲v.35. victim=someone who has been attacked, robbed, or murdered受害者n.36. forge=form=counterfeit 形成;伪造v.37. persuade=convince=win over=talk around 说服v.38. surrender=give in 投降，放弃v.39. extinct=an extinct type of animal or plant does not exist anymore=disappear=vanish灭绝的，绝种的adj.40. abundant=plenty=ample 充裕的，丰富的adj.41. exaggerate=overstate夸张，夸大v.42. phenomenon=something that happens or exists in society, science, or nature, especially something that is studied because it is difficult to understand 现象n.43. perception=idea=notion=view=belief=insight 认识，观念，看法n.44. impression=infection=effect=influence=affection印象，感想n.45. entitle=to give someone the official right to do or have something 使某人有权利/资格v.46. distortion=a change for the worse=deformation扭曲，曲解v.47. dispose=to arrange things or put them in their places=arrange=settle=manage=cope with=deal with 安排，处理v.48. intuition=the ability to understand or know something because of a feeling rather than by considering the facts=instinct 直觉n.49. emission=a gas or other substance that is sent into the air排放物，散发物n.50. diminish=reduce=decrease=fall=lessen=cut 减少，减小v.51. postpone=put back=delay=adjourn 延期，推迟v.52. crucial=important=critical=vital=necessary=essential 至关重要的adj.53. pessimistic=expecting that bad things will happen in the future or that something will have a bad result=getting worse悲观的adj.54. attempt=purpose=order=effort 尝试，努力TEST 21. similar=like=resemble相似的adj.2. derive=originate=come from=stem from起源v.3. impetus=momentum=stimulus=incentive=motivation=encouragement 动机，动力n.4. generate=produce=bring into existence=make=manufacture产生v.5. couple with=and=accompany=with 伴随v.6. factor=reason=element=component=ingredient 因素n.7. unique=have the distinction=distinct=different=extraordinary=special独特的adj.8. advance=progress=development=growth=increase进步n.9. field=domain=territory=industry=sector领域n.10. alternative=substitute=replacement替代物n.11. like=such as=for example=for instance 例如12. resource=material=source资源，来源n.13. limited=restricted=exhaustible=finite有限的adj.14. involve=rely on=contain=comprise 包含，牵涉v.15. current=modern=recent=present最近的adj.16. particular=extraordinary=special=detail=specific=unique特别的，独有的adj.17. draw on=absorb=do with吸收v.18. settle on=make choice of=decide on选定v.19. superiority=advantage=edge=high quality优势n.20. accompany=when=keep company=be associated with 陪伴，伴随v.21. view=belief=opinion=insight=perception 观点n.22. artificial intelligence=reasoning in machine人工智能n.23. involve with=associate with=link to=relate to与…有关联v.24. release=issue=launch=convey=public=deliver 发行，发表v.25. difficult=demanding=hard=tough困难的adj.26. task=job=work=labour 任务，工作n.27. instantly=rapidly=immediately立即地adv.28. react=respond 反应v.29. relate to=depend on=link to=associate with=involve with 与…有关系v.30. subject views=outlook=personal/individual views=personal/individual opinions 主观观点n.31. distort=to change the appearance, sound, or shape of something so that it is strange or unclear; to report something in a way that is not completely true or correct=misinterpret 扭曲，歪曲v.32. figure out=settle=decide=tell=understand 理解，想出v.33. assessment=appraisal=evaluation=estimate=judgment评估，估计v.34. emerge=appear=come forth出现v.35. remain=keep=stay=maintain保持v.36. exploitation=development=utilization=usage利用，使用n.37. foster=cultivate=raise=nurture培养，养育v.38. overtake=catch up=sweep over赶上，压倒v.39. initial=original=premier最初的，开始的adj.40. whereas=however=while=nevertheless=but=yet然而，但是adv.TEST 31. outcome=product=result=conclusion=consequence 结果，后果n.2. overcome=win=get over=exceed克服，战胜v.3. insufficient=deficient=shortage=lack=scarcity不足的adj.4. supply=provide=furnish=give 提供v.5. launch=release=project=send=shot=emit 开始，投放v.6. suppose=expect=imagine=guess=speculate=think猜想，设想v.7. detect=perceive=explore=sense发觉，觉察v.8. handicap=difficult=obstacle=hindrance=bar=deterrent 障碍，困难n.9. peer=the people who are at the same age as you, or who have the same type of job, social class etc.同龄人，伙伴n.10. positive=optimistic=uplifting 积极的adj.11. administer=manage=conduct=implement=perform执行，管理v.12. funding=money=funds=financial resource 资金，基金n.13. interact=if people interact with each other, they talk to each other, work together etc. 互动v.14. irrigation=the supplement of land or crops with water 灌溉n.15. sedimentation=the natural process by which small pieces of rock, earth etc settle at the bottom of the sea etc and form a solid layer 积淀n.16. interrupt=break=violate=cut in打断，打扰v.17. process=procedure=method=approach过程n.18. threat=danger=intimidation 威胁n.19. valuable=precious=worthy宝贵的，珍贵的adj.20. construct=build=make=found 建造v.21. blame=to say or think that someone or something is responsible for something bad责备，怪罪v.22. stimulate=encourage=activate=motivate鼓励，刺激v.23. long-term=long-run=long-period长期的adj.24. impact=affect=influence=effect影响v.&n.25. occur=happen=exist=come发生v.26. contain=include=cover=possess 包含v.27. military=battlefield=martial军事的adj.28. separate=disparate=distinct=different分开的，不同的adj.29. vanish=extinct=disappear 消失v.30. consciousness=awareness 意识n.31. ignite=light=inflame点燃v.32. encompass=include=contain=cover包含，围绕v.33. reckon=think=suppose=believe=imagine=expect=feel认为v.34. widespread=universal=extensive=popular=general广泛的，普遍的adj.35. launch=coin=project=release=issue创新，开辟v.36. contemporary=modern-day, present-day同时代的adj.37. potential=possible=underlying=likely=expected=latent 潜在的，可能的adj.38. prospect=expectation=outlook=chance展望，希望n.39. perception=idea=insight=viewpoint感觉，领悟n.TEST 41. community=organization=group=body团体n.2. fragile=delicate脆弱的adj.3. remote=distant 遥远的adj.4. require=desire=order=command要求v.5. inhabitant=resident=dweller居住者，居民n.6. consequently=thus=accordingly=hence=therefore=as a result 结果，因此adv.7. destination=goal=end point=terminus目的地n.8. throughout=around=wholly=everywhere=end-to-end自始至终，到处，全部adv.9. operate=act=run运转v.10. output=product输出，产品n.11. decline=reduction=fall=slump=decrease=recession 下降n.12. undermine=destroy=damage=hurt=ruin 破坏v.13. revive=renaissance复兴v.14. unusual=rare=strange=uncommon罕见的，不寻常的adj.15. ordinary=standard=common=usual=general普通的,平常的adj.16. fragment=shard=debris=pieces=ruins碎片n.17. break=shatter=crack打碎，打破v.18. interior=inner layer=inside 内部的n. &adj.19. insist=claim=argue=believe=think坚持，坚称v.20. expand=extend=grow=boom=spread out=enhance扩张，扩大v.21. suppress=control=restrain=repress=put down=oppress=inhibit=ban=forbid=stifle 压制v.22. speed up=increase speed=quicken up=accelerate speed加速v.23. examine=analyse=survey=inspect=study=detect=investigate检查，调查v.24. dispute=debate=controversy=disagree=argue争论，争执n.&v.25. detect=analyse=explore=research=survey=investigate=inspect 察觉，发现v.26. claim=say=state=insist=argue=think=believe声称v.27. cue=implication=reminder=hint=evidence提示，信号，暗号n.28. unpredictable=fluctuate=changeable无法预测的adj.29. be referred to as=be known as=be regarded as 被称为30. encourage=induce=trigger=stimulate=boost=inspire鼓励，促使v.31. considerable=plenty=big=major=important数量可观的adj.32. regardless of=despite of=take no notice of 不管，不顾33. adequate=plenty=proper=appropriate=suitable充足的,适当的adj.34. assure=make sure=guarantee=ensure=insure=secure=make certain of保证，确保v.35. suitable=appropriate=proper=adequate=matching 合适的adj.Cambridge 6TEST 11.exchange=apply something learned in one to others=change 交流v.2.expertise=skill 专门技术n.3.employ=analyze=study 使用v.4.investigation=analysis 调查n.5.narrow=focus on 缩小范围v.6.reproduce=copy=replicate=repeat 复制v.7.funded support=finance 资金n.8.athlete=sportsmen and women 运动员n.9.calculate=measure 计算v.10.event=championship 赛事n.11.plan=prepare=design 计划v.12.improve=grow=get better 进步v.13.trade=economy 贸易n.14.transport=import or export=deliver 运输v.15.local=domestic=native=indigenous 当地的adj.16.weakening=less=reduced=decreased 下降的adj.17.value=worth=price=credit=use=benefit=profit 价值n.18.delivery=export or import 运输n.19.nearby nations=geographic neighbours 近邻n.20.international=ocean=global=worldwide 国际的adj.21.shipping=freight 船运n.22.cargo=freight=goods 货物n.23.tariff=charge=fee=tax 税费n.ndscape=environment=nature=surrounding=circumstance=view风景n.25.difficult=harsh=demanding=tough=challenging 困难的adj.26.essential supplies=food and clothing=necessities 必需品n.27.supply=provision=support 供给n.28.grow=increase=rise=improve=go up=boost=expand=extend 增长v.29.respect=credibility=weight=hour=admiration=consideration尊重n.30.understanding=knowledge 了解n.31.well-being=health 健康n.32.impossible=out of the question=unlikely 不可能adj.33.catch=exploit=capture 抓捕v.34.surrounding=environment=circumstance 环境n.35.push to one's limits=test one's limits 挑战极限36.not unmanageable=can cope with 能处理的37.present inhabitant=descendant 居民38.give up=abandon 放弃39.mainly=heavily=most 主要地40.visit=venture 参观1. successfully=spectacularly well=wonderfully 成功地adv.2. people power=local pressure groups 群众力量n.3. commute=travel 通勤v.4. higher=increasing=more 更高的adj.5. income=wealth=salary=wage=payment 收入n.6. beneficial=valuable=profitable=good 有益的adj.7. together=face to face 共同8. refute=not mean=rebut=deny 反驳v.9. accommodation=live=living condition 住宿n.10. usage=use=benefit=profit 用处n.11. averagely good=reasonable but not special 较好的12. limited=minimal 有限的adj.13. move from one to another=adopt one over another 转移14. show=reveal=uncover=indicate=point out=imply 表明15. related=associated 有关联的adj.16. suffer=be afflicted 忍受（病痛）v.17. research=study=investigation=survey 研究n.18. affect=afflict=influence=change 影响v.19. disease=medical complain=illness 病痛n.20. increase=surge=rise=gain=grow=go up=add=escalate 上升v.21. link=correlation=connection=relationship 关系n.22. considerable=significant=substantial=massive=marked大量的adj.23. reduction=drop=concession=fall=decrease 下降n.24. elderly people=old people 老人n.25. independent=self-reliant 自立的adj.26. regular=daily 定期的adj.27. exercise=physical activity 运动n.28. challenging=difficult=tough=demanding 有挑战性的adj.29. decline=deteriorate=reduce=drop=decrease 下降v.30. lonely=emotionally isolated 孤独的adj.31. hand signal=gesture=body language 手势n.32. restricted=limited 有限的adj.33. concept=abstract idea=definition 定义n.34. specific=particular=detailed 特定的adj.35. early=older 早期的adj.36. fulfill=qualify=achieve=keep=satisfy 完成v.37. sufficient=enough 足够的adj.38. quantity=how many=amount 数量n.39. misunderstanding=confusion 误解n.40. prevent=resolve=forbid=stop 防止v.41. poor=lack of=impoverished 贫穷adj.42. newer=later=recent=present 新的adj.43. ancestor=early people=predecessor 祖先n.1. teach=educate=cultivate=nature 教育v.2. actor=star 演员n.3. first=initial=early=primary 最早的adj.4. storyline=narrative=plot 故事情节n.5. globe=world 世界n.6. early=first=ancient 早期的adj.7. passing of time=flow of time 时光的流逝8. describe=tell 描述v.9. realistic=achievable 现实的adj.10. target=goal=aim 目标n.11. feedback=comment=advice=criticism 反馈n.12. match to=suit to 合适13. reward=promotion or advancement=prize=benefit 奖励n.14. link to=make something contingent on=associate with=connect with=relate to 联系起来15. achievement=attainment=gain=success 成就n.16. remuneration=payment 酬金n.17. tend to=prone to 倾向于18. feel=perceive=think=find=experience=notice=have an opinion 感觉v.19. participate=be involved in=take part in=join 参加v.20. staff=employee=worker 员工n.21. visible=disclosed=obvious=noticeable 可见的adj.22. clerical worker=clerk 书记员n.23. judge=rate=criticize=assess=evaluate=gauge=appraise 评判v.24. job=work=assignment 工作n.25. delay=slow=prolong=postpone=procrastinate=shelve=put off延后v.26. growing old=ageing 变老27. people=mortal=people=individual 人n.28. life=lifespan 生命29. chance=likelihood=fortune=hope=possibility=opportunity=risk=luck 机会n.30. production=generation=output 产量n.31. theory=hypothesis=guess=guesswork 猜想n.32. focus on=emphasize=aim at=concentrate on 集中于33. short=scarce=limited=insufficient 短缺的adj.TEST 41. drug company=pharmaceutical company 医药公司n.2. promotion=marketing 营销n.3. increase=escalate=rise=go up=grow 上升v.4. research=study=survey=investigation 研究n.5. work=be an effective way=be useful=help=achieve=succeed=have an effect=happen=turn out 奏效v.6. technique=strategy=skill=expertise=method=way 技术n.7. criticism=judgement=skepticism=disapproval=denunciation 批评n.8. moral=ethical 道德的adj.9. legitimate=have every right to do=legal=right=authorized 合法的adj.10. money=profit=benefit=income=currency 钱n.11. adults=men and women 成人n.12. maternal=mother=female 母亲的adj.13. education=literacy=cultivation 教育n.14. child=infant=kid 孩子n.15. approximately=about=around=nearly 大约adv.16. impressive=greatest=touching=unforgettable 印象深刻的adj.17. programme=campaign=project 项目n.18. common=persistent=normal=usual=ordinary=everyday 常见的adj.19. be halved=decline by 50% 减半20. key=most important=crucial=critical=significant 关键的adj.21. produce=develop=generate=engineer=manufacture 生产v.22. detailed=explicit=specific 细节的adj.23. on its own=alone 自身24. however=but=yet 但是25. self-confidence=assertiveness=confidence 自信n.26. effective=useful=beneficial=good=needed 有效的adj.27. distinguish=recognize the difference=differentiate 区别v. Cambridge 7TEST 11. rely on=depend on 依靠v.2. avoid=stay away=keep away=steer clear of=make a detour 避免v.3. die out=extinct=disappear=no longer exist 灭绝v.4. hunt=search for=look for=try to find=in search of 打猎v.5. limb=arm or leg=body=organ 四肢n.6. perceive=sense=see=spot=become aware of=observe 感知，感觉v.7. calculate=measure=work out=figure=estimate=access 计算v.8. detection=finding=observation 探测n.9. coin=invent=make=create=come up with 发明，创造v.10. inaccurate=incorrect=wrong=misleading 不精确的adj.11. revision=change=shift=reform=alteration 改进n.12. downward=fall=drop=downhill 下降的adj.13. increasing=soaring=growing=rising 上升的adj.14. primarily=mainly=largely=chiefly=principally 主要地adv.15. due to=because of=as a result of=thanks to=owing to 因为16. decrease=reduce=fall=drop 下降v.17. radical=not traditional=new=unconventional 激进的adj.18. prior to=beforehand=before=in advance=on the eve of 之前19. demanding=difficult=hard=challenging=tough 要求高的，艰难的adj.20. well known=notorious=famous=renowned 著名的adj.21. admit=acknowledge=confess=to tell the truth 承认v.22. be similar to=like=resemble=bear a resemblance to=akin to 相似v.23. result in=lead to=cause=give rise to=bring about 引发，导致。

雅思听力最常见同义替换汇总

chou名词1. 上义词V.S 下义词e.g cold drink → chilled mineral waterreptile → snakesimprovement → innovation2. 抽象V.S 具体e.g transport → bus, traindiscount → 10% off3. 解释，下定义e.g neigh bors → people living nearbysolution → ways in which people may overcome their problemsconclusion → the last part4. 同义词，近义词e.g disadvantages → drawbacksgift → presentbooking → reservation5. 指代替换，人称代词e.g we → library staffyou → postgraduates形容词1. 同义词，近义词替换e.g easy → elementary, simpletall → highideal → perfect 2. 反义替换e.g interesting → boringnoisy → quieteasy → difficult3. 抽象到具体名词e.g near → just 35 minut eslong → fortnight, week, hour4. 同根词互换e.g important → importance beautiful → beauty动词1. 同义词，近义词替换e.g book → reservechange → adjustignore → overlook2. 同根词互换e.g arrive → arrivaldepart → departure3. 反义替换e.g include → excludebeen told → heard4. 跨词性替换e.g listen to → talksreduce → lower5. 抽象到具体e.g recover → overcome its problems地图题核心词汇be far from 距离某处很远be nearby 距离某处很近go straight across/to/through 径直走过/向/穿过cross(over) 穿过（某条街道）be next to 紧邻turn left/right 左转/右转go up/down 向上（北）/向下（南）go back/back up 往回走go east/west/south/north 向东/西/南/北go on/along…till you meet…沿。

雅思作文同义词替换及例句总结

雅思作文同义词替换及例句总结1、infrastructural adj、基础设施的例句：As a commonly-accepted measure, aid contributes to the infrastructural construction of poor countries、作为一种普遍认可的措施，国际援助有助于促进穷国的基础设施建设。

近义词：Public facility例句：As harmonious society cannot exist without harmonious social units, the harmony of the library-a social public facility as well as its contribution to society culturally plays a verysignificant role in the construction of harmonious society、和谐社会离不开和谐的社会单元，图书馆这一社会公共机构，其和谐及社会贡献对构建和谐社会有着重要影响。

2、starvation n、饥饿例句：Many people suffer from starvation, poverty or contagious diseases、很多人遭受着饥饿和贫困。

近义词：nestia／famine／hunger例句：We made a contribution to the famine relief fund、我们给饥馑赈济基金捐了款。

3、appropriate adj、适当的、恰当的例句：An appropriate example is that…一个恰当的例子是…近义词：proper/modest/advisable/opportune ；例句：Indeed there isa modest near-term stimulus, overall、总的来说，这实际上是一个适度的短期激励。

雅思阅读同义词替换介绍

雅思阅读同义词替换介绍雅思阅读同义词替换介绍1. outcome=product=result=conclusion=consequence 结果，后果 n.2. overcome=win=get over=exceed克服，战胜 v.3. insufficient=deficient=shortage=lack=scarcity不足的 adj.4. supply=provide=furnish=give 提供 v.5. launch=release=project=send=shot=emit 开始，投放 v.6. suppose=expect=imagine=guess=speculate=think猜想，设想 v.7. detect=perceive=explore=sense发觉，觉察v.8. handicap=difficult=obstacle=hindrance=bar=deterrent 障碍，困难n.9. peer=the people who are at the same age as you, or who have the same type of job, social class etc.同龄人，伙伴 n.10. positive=optimistic=uplifting 积极的 adj.11. administer=manage=conduct=implement=perform执行，管理 v.12. funding=money=funds=financial resource 资金，基金 n.13. interact=if people interact with each other, they talk to each other, work together etc. 互动 v.14. irrigation=the supplement of land or crops with water 灌溉 n.15. sedimentation=the natural process by which small pieces of rock, earth etc settle at the bottom of the sea etc and form a solid layer 积淀 n.。

雅思作文同义词替换及例句总结教学教材

雅思作文同义词替换及例句总结作文同义词替换及例句总结Globalization1、infrastructural adj. 基础设施的例句：As a commonly-accepted measure, aid contributes to the infrastructural construction of poor countries.作为一种普遍认可的措施，国际援助有助于促进穷国的基础设施建设。

2、starvation n. 饥饿例句：Many people suffer from starvation, poverty or contagious diseases.很多人遭受着饥饿和贫困。

近义词：nestia／famine／hunger例句：We made a contribution to the famine relief fund.我们给饥馑赈济基金捐了款。

雅思阅读同近义替换词汇总!!!

同义词、近义词替换汇总1、abandon, desert, forsake, leave, give up 这些动词或词组均含“抛弃、放弃”之意abandon〓强调永远或完全放弃或抛弃人或事物等，这可能是被迫的，也可能是自愿的。

desert〓着重指违背法律责任和义务，或自己的信仰与誓言的行为，多含非难的意味。

forsake〓侧重断绝感情上的依恋，自愿抛弃所喜欢的人或物。

也指抛弃信仰或改掉恶习。

leave〓普通用词，指舍弃某事或某一职业，或终止同一某人的关系，但不涉及动机与果。

give up〓普通用语，侧重指没有希望或因外界压力而放弃。

2、ability, capacity, capability, genius, talent, competence, faculty, gift, aptitude 这些名词均可表示人的“能力，才能”之意。

ability〓普通用词，指人先天的或学来的各种能力。

capacity〓侧重指人的潜在能力，通常不指体力，多指才智，尤指接受与领悟能力。

capability〓多用于人，指胜任某项具体工作的能力，也指本身具有、尚未发挥的潜在能力。

常与of或for连用。

genius〓语气最强，指天赋的高度才能与智力。

talent〓着重指人某方面具有可发展和培养的突出天赋才能，但语意比genius弱。

competence〓正式用词，侧重指令人满意的业务能力与水平，达到胜任某项工作等的要求。

faculty〓指特殊的才能或智力。

gift〓着重个人的天赋的才能或在某方面的显著本领，常暗含不能用一般规律作解释的意味。

aptitude〓多指先天或后天习得的运用自如的能力，常暗示接受能力强，能迅速掌握一种学术训练或艺术技巧。

3、able, capable, competent 这些形容词均含有“有能力的，能干的”之意able〓最常用词，多用于褒义，着重指多方面的，经常性的，或潜在性的能力。

有时也指高超、非凡的能力。

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（百分比）take up,amount to,account for,reach20．适应adjust to, adapt to, get accustomed to,condition.. on21.谴责，责怪condemn,blame,criticize,reprimand,reproach,censure,denounce,accu se..of,charge..with22.监管，监督，指导supervise,monitor,instruct,oversee,govern,regulate,direct,administer 23.颁布，实施，执行implement,issue,carry out,apply to24.反驳，驳斥dispute,debate,refute,argue,contradict,oppose核心名词：1.观点，主张,提议idea,belief,assertion,proposition,suggestion,recommendation2.假设hypothesis,assumption,presumption3.方法，理论，措施way,method,means,process,approach,theory,measure4.政策,制度，条例policy,regulation,rule,law5.比率rate,ratio,proportion,percentage,share,protion6.平衡，均衡，和谐banlance,equilibrium,harmony,7.问题，麻烦，争端，冲突issue,problem,conflict,contrast,clash,contradiction,opposition,contro versy8.竞争petition,contention,contest9.处境，状况，现状circumstance,state,condition,situation,status quo10.事件，现象incident,fact,event,occurrence,phenomenon11.后果，结果consequence,result,outcome,influence,cause and effect(因果关系),side/after-effect(副作用)12.争论，不和，差异difference,dispute,debate,distinction13.优势，好处advantages,virtues,merits,boons,benefit14.劣势，不利，阻碍disadvantage,flaws,demerits,banes,handicap,burden,obstruction,obst acle15.青少年,青年teenager,juvenile,adolescent,youngster,youth16.媒体media,the print media(印刷媒体),the electronic media(电子媒体),the press(新闻界),media hype(媒体炒作)17.控制control,grip,master,domination,government,rule,monopoly(垄断) 18.保存，储藏conservation,reserve,preservation19.花费，开销expense,cost,expenditure,payment,outlay,toll,consumption,disburse ment20.改革，改良reform,improvement,evolution21.威胁，危机crisis,threat,menace核心形容词：1.惊人的staggering,incredible,astounding,amazing,astonishing,surprising,stun ning,alarming,shocking2.非凡的，卓越的，显著的remarkable,marvelous,striking,wonderful,notable,extraordinary 3.重要的，重大的,决定性的important,significant,main,major,foremost,predominant,crucial,critic al,urgent,pivotaldecisive,vital4.破坏性的devastating,ruinous,destructive,damaging5.许多的，很多的，大量的numerous,various,myriad,a great many of, a great deal of6.不同的，多样的，有分歧的divergent,variant,varying,diverse,distinct7.强大的，强有力的powerful,mighty,forceful补充整理：绝不：by no means under no circumstances in no case on no occasion考虑：take•into consideration account think about make allowance(s) for sth由于/因为：insomuch as •because for the reason /occasion that result from as••since now that in that be owed to be attributed to be ascribed to arise from/out of •by occasion of sth影响：exert a profound/far-reaching impact on就我而言：so/as far as I am concerned as far as my knowledge is concerned就••而言：As far as •is concerned In terms of•In case of•别无选择我，只能••：have no alternative but•众所周知：It is universally acknowledged that•It is well- known to all that •As is well-known to all,•只有••才能••：Only by doing•could sb do•大：big<immense<titanic=vast=gigantic=tremendous=enormous正如常言所说：（just）as the saying/proverb goes ...一定会：be bound /determined /guaranteed/certain to do掌握：have a grasp /command of sth正在：be under way=be on the point /course of =be about to=be on the verge of听说：hear of sth变得惊慌：get into a panic取得进展：make progress in doing sth advance in step forwards课程：compulsary/selective subject 必修课/选修课婉转的说：to put it mildly对••的瘾：addiction to接触: reach out to / have access to…be exposed to expose sb to..树立••的榜样：cultivate the •example for sb即••：namely有/承担••的义务：assume the responsibility of shoulder be responsible for阻止：hold back prevent sb from doing sth keep sb away from doing sth hinder put a check on sth deflect sb from doing sthavert sth intercept sth在内心深处：in one’s heart of hearts in the cockles of the heart表示数量的词1.少数几个：a few +n(c,pl)2.没几个，否定含义：few +n(c,pl)3.少量：a little + n(u)4.没多少，表否定：little +n(u)5.很多much +n(u)6.很多many +n(c,pl)7.很多a lot of/lots of+n(c,pl/u)8.大量：a great /good deal of +n(u)9.少量a bit of +n(c,pl/u)10.大量：an/a great/a large abundance of+(c,pl/u)11.大量：an/a large amount of+n(u)12. a great many+n(c,pl)13.大量: a great many of 冠词/物主代词/所有格+n(c,pl)14.大量: a plenty of=plenties of+ n(c,pl/u)15. 大量：a large number of + n(c,pl)16.许多：many a+n(c,sing.)17.足够的：ample + n.(c,pl/u.)18.无数的：numerous +n.(c,pl)19.足够的：sufficient+n(c,pl/u)20.无数的：countless +n(c,pl)21. a variety of +n(c,pl)22.various+n(c,pl)23.天文数字的花费：astronomical cost24.过量的/多余的：excess superfluous redundant25.额外的：extra added additional大多数情况下：in most cases on most occasions in the normal course of•事情并非如此：It is not the case that一••就••,刚••就••：1.as soon as …,…时态无所谓2.Hardly/scarcely had sb done than did3.hardly had sb done when+ past tense4.sb had no sooner done than did5.no sooner had sb done than did6.sb had hardly done than did7.the moment8.on +n(如his arrival 他的到来),…常识：common sense为了：in order to…/so as to…/for the sake of…非常：most/exceedingly/tremendously/rather/extraordinarily/considerably/fabulously随之时间的流逝：with the passage of time,…随着…的积累：as …begin to accumulate反对/打击：be opposed to do=object to do disagree dispute that… remonstrate with sb about sthProtest that…/aginst…show disapproving attitude raise one’s voice aginst disapprove of…dissent from…f rown in…=oppose (doing) sth/fight aginst实现：realize =bring about(带来)=lead up to显而易见的/明显的：obvious apparent evident manifest doubtless transparent distinct 深入理解：have (further) insight into..丰富阅历/开阔视野：enrich one’s experience widen one’s horizon expand one’s outlook昂贵的：costly expensive dear luxurious机会垂青有准备的人：chances only favour those who are ready/prepared引起/导致：bring about/forth give rise to raise cause lead up to prompt incur(招致) be to blame forResult in arouse(唤起人的••)=evoke=call forth=awake occasion compel one’s attention(引起关注)恰恰相反：on the contray,……,but it is just opposite that…相比之下：by /in contrast ,…by comparision,…compare to/with…科学发展观：view of scientific development可持续发展sustainable/sustained development广告：commercial advertisement迫切的：urgent pressing insistent戏剧的：theatrical生活质量：quality of life=life quality…的原因是…（表语从句）:The reason why …is that…在…的背景下…:under the background of…纳税人：taxpayer孝心：filial piety /obedience诚信：credit and honest误入歧途：go astray stray into sth金钱至上：mony-oriented毫无：haven’t the slightest+n.遭到/面临…：meet with+abstract n. confront(面临) face sth be face with in the face of sth encounter(遇到困难，邂逅某人) run into sb(巧遇) come across(遇到)袖手旁观：turn a blind eye to…stand by and…受..引诱：be tempted/fascinated/lured/attracted by…. Be interested in fall into temptation be intoxicated byBe absorbed in吸引：appeal to../attract…/tempt…/fascinate…/lure…/capture one’s heart/draw one’s attention /magnetize/engageMesmerize/captivate沉迷于: be addicted to…/abandon oneself to…/be hooked on…/be intoxicated by/be indulged in/revel in与…有关：be associated to/related to/connected with/involved in/concerned with/link up with/bound up withConcerning A…:关于A，考虑到A。