高中英语同位语从句和定语从句练习含答案

同位语从句讲解与练习

1定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句，用以解释说明某一名词内容和实质的从句。

2.连接词：that, whether, why, who, where, how, when等。引导同位语从句时一般都不省略。if一般不引导同位语从句that, whether不作成分，whether表示“是否”

E.g. They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.对你生病这件事，他们很焦虑。

Where did you get the idea that I could not come?你在哪儿听说我不能来？

I have no idea whether he’ll come or not.我不知道他是否来。

连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where,when, why, how亦可引导同位语从句，在句中作成分。

E.g. The question who should do the work requires consideration.谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。

We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。

It is a question how he did it.那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。

3.可跟同位语从句的名词或短语

不是所有的名词都可以跟同位语从句，常可以被同位语从句修饰的名词有：

belief doubt explanation hope

idea news opinion possibility

statement thought wish truth

fact question promise problem

reply report suggestion advice

fear warning understanding feeling

rumor certainty probability on condition

on the understanding with the exception in spite of the fact

E.g. Daniel will be allowed to make a trip to China on condition that he gets an A in all his school subjects.

4同位语从句与定语从句的区别

1）that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别

句法功能上

that引导的同位语从句that只起连接从句的作用，无意义。在从句中不充当句子成分。不可省。

that引导的定语从句that替代先行词在从句中不仅起连接作用，还充当一个句子成分。如在从句中作动词的宾语时可省略。

意义上

同位语从句是被修饰名词的内容。定语从句起限定作用，是定语。

如：

The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true. (同位语从句，that不可省) 李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。

The news (that) he told me yesterday is true. (定语从句，that在从句中作的宾语，可省)他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。

2）wh-类词引导的两种从句的区别

who, whom, whose, when, where, why 引导定语从句，它们分别指前面先行词所表示的人、物、时间、地点、原因，否则为同位语从句。在同位语从句中，wh-类词表示疑问。

I will forever cherish the time when I won the prize in the National Maths Competition.

(定语从句）

I have no idea when he won the prize in the National Maths Competition. (同位语从句）.

3）一些表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词后所跟的同位语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气should+动词原形表示。should可省。如：

This is our only request that this (should) be settled as soon as possible.这就是我们唯一的请求：尽快解决这个问题。

练习：

用适当的连接词填空：

It worried her a bit _____ her hair was turning gray.

2.I have no idea _____ we can do with these waste materials.

3.____the doctor really doubts is____my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.

4.It is hoped____nature will never be destroyed.

5.____do you guess will give a talk on English tomorrow?

6.-- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.

-- Is that ____ you had a few days off?

7. Word came____I was wanted at the office.

8.Do you know ____of them will be our new headmaster?

9.The teacher didn’t tell me ____we were wrong.

10. It’s generally considered unwise to give a child ____he or she wants.

B.单项选择

It was true _____ Alice did surprised her mother.

A. that

B. what

C. that, what

D. what, that

2. Does ____matter much ____he can’t come to the meeting.

A. it, if

B. that, if

C. it, whether

D. this, whether

3.--What are you anxious about?

-- ____

A. How can we succeed

B. Whether we can succeed

C. When can we succeed

D. That we can succeed

4.The reason ____the little actress has been such a success is ____she is both clever and hard-working.

A. why, why

B. why, that

C. that, because

D. for, because

5. ____leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.

A. Who

B. Whoever

C. Anyone

D. The person

6.I really don’t know _____I had this photo taken.

A. where it was that

B. it was that

C. where it was

D. it was why

7.? Dr. Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge. I can’t remember ____.

A. where

B. there

C. which

D. that

8.--What do you think of China?

--____different life is today from ____it used to be.

A. How, what

B. What, what

C. How, that

D. What, that