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120个中国传统文化名词及其英译

120个中国传统文化名词及其英译

120个中国传统文化名词及其英译1.道德经- Dao De Jing (The Classic of the Way and Virtue)2.儒家- Confucianism3.文化遗产- cultural heritage4.五行- Five Elements5.春节- Spring Festival6.传统艺术- traditional art7.中国古代文学- ancient Chinese literature8.神话故事- mythological stories9.中国茶文化- Chinese tea culture10.国粹- national quintessence11.古琴- guqin (a traditional Chinese musical instrument)12.诗经- Book of Songs13.行书- running script (a style of Chinese calligraphy)14.红楼梦- Dream of the Red Chamber15.京剧- Beijing Opera16.四书五经- Four Books and Five Classics (Confucian classical texts)17.中医- Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)18.书法- calligraphy19.文房四宝- Four Treasures of the Study (brush, ink stick, inkstone, and paper)20.传统节日- traditional festivals21.工艺品- handicrafts22.长城- Great Wall23.农历- lunar calendar24.中国画- Chinese painting25.合作共赢- win-win cooperation26.四合院- quadrangle courtyard27.曲艺- Chinese folk art28.灯笼- lantern29.传统婚礼- traditional wedding ceremony30.拜年- pay a New Year visitAdditional Extension:31.古人- ancient people32.传统建筑- traditional architecture33.传统音乐- traditional music34.陶瓷艺术- ceramic art35.传统戏剧- traditional drama36.中国历史- Chinese history37.长街短巷- long streets and alleys38.风水- Feng Shui39.传统服饰- traditional costumes40.中国象棋- Chinese chess41.中国民歌- Chinese folk songs42.传统美食- traditional cuisine43.传统医学- traditional medicine44.传统童谣- traditional nursery rhymes45.传统工艺- traditional craftsmanship46.传统家具- traditional furniture47.传统舞蹈- traditional dance48.传统庙宇- traditional temples49.传统阳历- traditional solar calendar50.中国春联- Chinese New Year couplets。

中国文化词及其英文表达

中国文化词及其英文表达

中国文化词及其英文表达中国文化博大精深,涵盖了许多独特的词汇和表达。

以下是一些常见的中国文化词及其英文表达:元宵节:Lantern Festival春节:Spring Festival清明节:Tomb-sweeping Day端午节:Dragon Boat Festival中秋节:Mid-Autumn Festival重阳节:Double Ninth Festival七夕节:Double Seventh Festival除夕:Chinese New Year's Eve春联:Spring Festival Couplets京剧:Peking Opera功夫:Kung Fu太极:Tai Chi针灸:Acupuncture书法:Calligraphy汉服:Hanfu长城:The Great Wall故宫:The Forbidden City孔子:Confucius儒家文化:Confucian Culture道家文化:Taoist Culture四大发明:Four Great Inventions (gunpowder, printing, compass, paper-making)十二生肖:Zodiac (Rat, Ox, Tiger, Rabbit, Dragon, Snake, Horse, Sheep, Monkey, Rooster, Dog, Pig)五行:Five Elements (Wood, Fire, Earth, Metal, Water)风水:Feng Shui旗袍:Cheongsam中药:Traditional Chinese Medicine茶文化:Tea Culture杂技:Acrobatics皮影戏:Shadow Play中国画:Chinese Painting这些只是中国文化中的一小部分词汇,实际上中国文化博大精深,涵盖了更多的词汇和表达。

学习和了解这些词汇,有助于我们更好地理解和欣赏中国文化的独特魅力。

文化词语的翻译

文化词语的翻译

8)旁边一人鼓掌大笑曰:“此事易如反掌, 何必多议!” (《三国演义》) The one of those about him suddenly clapped his hands, crying, “It’s as easy as turning over one’s hand! Why so much talk!” (as easy as falling off a log, very easy) 9)叫花鸡 beggar’s chicken 10)童子鸡 ?
Lecture 6
第三节 文化词语的翻译
一、文化词语的定义 文化词语是指蕴涵社会文化含义的词语,与 一国的政治、经济、文化、历史和民情风俗 密切相关。


二、文化词语的翻译方法 1.音译 反映中国特有事物的名称,汉译英时采用音译方法。 1)饺子 jiaozi 2)功夫 kongfu 3)荔枝 litchi 4)麻将 mahjong 5)叩头 kowtow
7)他连看都不看他们一眼,他想你他妈的猫 哭老鼠充什么好人?(《埋伏》) He did not so much as look at them, thinking, what’s the good of your cats crying for the death of a rat? (shed crocodile tears)

要讲清楚“童子”的概念,必须从三个方面进行定义: 1,雄性动物,包括人 2,尚无性行为历史(包括遗精) 3,在一定年龄以下(但是人的上限比动物高,例如十岁的男孩可 以叫“童子”,但是十岁的公鸡不能叫“童子鸡”,即使它的确没有进 行过性生活)
英文里有哪个单词能够对应“童子”这个概念?Young Boy?美国 Young Boy 的女朋友可能以打计。把“童子功”翻译为“Young Boy Kung Fu”,也不对。因为“童子功”不是小男孩才练的武功,而是指 “从幼年就开始长期坚持练武而形成的武功基础”。把“童子功”翻译 为“Pullet Kung Fu”(小母鸡功)那更是开了国际玩笑。

汉译英主题词汇

汉译英主题词汇

汉译英主题词汇1.中国传统文化四大发明the Four Great Inventions 造纸术paper-making火药gunpowder 指南针/罗盘compass印刷术printing 孔子Confucius孟子Mencius思想学派school of thought核心思想the core of ideology 代表人物representative儒家思想Confucianism儒家文化Confucian culture道家Daoism法家Legalism和尚;僧人monk 乐器musical instrumental琴棋书画guqin, game of go, calligraphy and painting笛子flute 二胡erhu古筝guzheng 鼓drum琵琶Chinese lute中国象棋Chinese chess围棋Chinese Go 对弈play chess棋子chess pieces 棋盘chessboard中国书法Chinese calligraphy 甲骨文oracle bone script 文房四宝the four treasures of the study 毛笔brush pen墨ink stick 砚台ink stone纸paper 笔划stroke四大名著the four masterpieces 汉字Chinese character <<西游记>>Journey to the West; The Money King<<红楼梦>>Dream of the Red Chamber; A Dream of Red Mansions<<三国演义>>Romance of the Three Kingdoms<<水浒传>>Water Margin; Outlaws of the Mash<<诗经>>Books of Songs<<史记>>Records of the Grand Historian; Historical Records唐诗宋词Tang and Song Poetry; Poetry of Tang and Song Danasties元曲Yuan opera 眀小说Ming novel普通话四声调the four tones of Mandarin Chinese对联couplet俗语idiom词语phrase 国画Chinese (traditional) painting 山水画landscape painting 写意画free sketch painting 敦煌壁画Dunhuang frescoes 龙的形象the image of dragon 孔子庙Confucius Temple黄河the Yellow River长江the Yangtze River 长城the Great Wall故宫the Imperial Palace ; the Forbidden City故宫博物馆The Palace Museum天安门广场Tiananmen Square胡同hutong太极拳Tai Chi文武双全be excellent both in the arts of pen and sword孙子兵法Sun Zi’s Art of War ; Master Sun’s Art of War科举制imperial examination system状元the top scholar; champion 武术Chinese martial arts 古代兵器ancient weapon盔甲suit of armor 剑sword古玩antique算盘abacus三百六十行all walks of life ; all kinds of jobs铁饭碗iron bowl 礼节etiquette尊老爱幼respect the old and love the young礼物馈赠present-giving 民间禁忌folk taboos丧葬funeral孝服mourning clothes纸钱ghost money 十二生肖Chinese Zodiac 鼠Rat牛Ox鸡Rooster梅花plum blossoms竹子bamboo松pine牡丹peony莲花lotus莲藕lotus root 中山装Chinese tunic suit 中国传统服饰tradition Chinese costume 唐装the Tang suit民间故事folk tale 寓言fable传说legend凡间human world重要文化遗产major cultural heritage 国宝national treasure 文物cultural relics 高雅艺术high/refined art 才子佳人gifted scholars and beautiful ladies享有…….的声誉enjoy a good/high reputation for被誉为be honored/crowned as 增进友谊enhance friendship 推广中国文化promote Chinese culture文化底蕴cultural deposit 文化事业cultural undertaking 文化冲击cultural shock 蓬勃发展flourish文化特性和价值观national identity and value在各地差异很大vary widely from region/place to region/place促进文化的传播promote the spread of culture丰富多彩be rich and colorful 传统美德traditional virtues尊敬老人respect the elderly 赡养父母support/take care of parents 象征意义symbolic meaning审美观/品味taste for beauty ; aesthetic taste2.中国传统节日春节the Spring Festival 除夕Chinese New Year’s Eve 年夜饭the dinner on New Year’s Eve 小年minor Spring Festival 春运Spring Festival travel seasons; Chunyun period买年货do Spring Festival shopping ; buy necessity for Spring Festival 扫尘土sweep the dust 剪窗花do paper-cutting 贴春联stick couplets 挂灯笼hang lanterns祭祖offer sacrifices to one’s ancestors 祭祀sacrifices烟花爆竹fireworks and firecrackers 财神the god of wealth压岁钱gift money; lucky money包饺子make dumplings拜年New Year’s visit 阳历solar calendar天干heavenly stem 地支earthly branch闰年leap year 亲朋好友relatives and friends 探亲访友pay a visit to relatives and friends大扫除thoroughly clean the house驱厄运sweep away ill fortune; get rid of bad luck去除灾难ward off evils 年画New Year Picture 发红包give money in red envelopes; hand out red envelopes欢度……the celebration of……; celebrate……. 年糕rice cake转运have a chance of luck 春卷spring rolls春节联欢晚会Spring Festival Gala 祝福短信blessing message 元宵节the Lantern Festival 元宵sweet dumplings扭秧歌do the Yangko Dance 舞龙dragon dance舞狮lion dance 灯谜lantern riddles龙抬头Dragon Heads-raising Day 祈雨pray for rain丰收good harvest 清明节Tomb Sweeping Day 雨水rainwater春耕the Spring ploughing扫墓attend/sweep tomb; clean the grave祭品sacrifices; sacrifice offerings 踏青have an outgoing in Spring 端午节Dragon Boats Festival 粽子Zongzi; glutinous rice pudding 赛龙舟dragon boats racing 雄黄酒realgar wine七夕Double Seventh Festival 梳妆dress and make up牛郎Cowherd织女Weaver Maid喜鹊桥the magpie bridge 中元节/鬼节Ghost Festival河灯water lantern 中秋节Mid-autumn Festival团圆饭family reunion dinner 花灯colorful lantern月圆夜full moon 赏月enjoy the moon吃月饼have moon cake 思想be homesick重阳节Double Ninth Festival重阳糕double ninth cake赏菊enjoy chrysanthemums 菊花酒chrysanthemum wine 寒食节Cold Food Festival 冷食cold food禁烟smoking ban; not allow to make fire 斗鸡cockfight蹴鞠kickball; cuju 荡秋千play on a swing拔河push-and-pull; tug of war 腊八节the Laba Festival腊八粥Laba rice porridge 腊八面Laba noodle3.中国饮食文化中国菜Chinese cuisine; Chinese food 粤菜Canton cuisine炒stir-fry 煎fry炸deep-fry烩/焖/炖stew蒸steam烘焙bake切条cut to strips 切丁dice切碎mince磨碎grind特色食品specialty红茶black tea绿茶green tea 火锅hotpot熊掌bear paw 豆浆soybean milk馒头steamed buns 花卷steamed twisted rolls 包子steamed suffered buns; Baozi 北京烤鸭Beijing Roast Duck4.中国传统手工艺传统工艺品traditional handicraft 绣花鞋embroidered shoes优秀民间艺术品outgoing folk arts 中国瓷器Chinese ceramics 唐三彩Tricolor-glazed Pottery of the Tang Dynasty彩陶painted pottery 材质各异various materials 陶器pottery; earthenware 质地坚硬hard texture青铜器bronze ware 造型生动vivid figure雕刻carving色彩丰富rich color玉雕jade carving 风格独特characteristic/unique style 蜡染wax printing 中国织绣Chinese silk embroideries 泥人clay figure 中国结Chinese knot刺绣embroidery绣球embroidered ball5.中国表演艺术脸谱facial makeup 正面角色positive role说学逗唱speaking, imitating, teasing and singing木偶戏puppet show 说书story-telling皮影戏shadow play 杂技acrobatics客家山歌Hakka hill song 历史人物historical figure四大文明古国之一one of the four ancient civilizations人类文明史the history of human civilization中国古代史ancient Chinese History中国近现代史modern history of China历史遗留问题a question left over from history/the past源远流长/历史悠久with/have a long history繁荣盛世a time of prosperity 古都ancient capital华夏之祖ancestors of Chinese nation发祥地birthplace封建朝代feudal dynasty远古时代ancient times兴起于……, 兴盛于……..emerge in……and prosper in…..原始社会primitive society 战国the Warring States春秋时期the Spring and Autumn Period封建社会feudal society 印/玺seal/stamp皇妃imperial concubine 太后empress dowager诸侯Prince/duck under an emperor 宰相prime minister士大夫scholar-officials 太监eunuch侍卫bodyguard将军general6.旅游交通旅游景点tourist scenes 避暑胜地summer resort森林公园forest park 人文景观human landscape 自然景观natural scenery 建筑architecture壮丽河山magnificent scenery 皇家园林royal garden古典山水园林classical landscape garden钟楼bell tower 鼓楼drum tower牌坊memorial archway 兵马俑Terracotta Warriors 天坛the Temple of Heaven 保存最完好的best-preserved 原址original site 国家博物馆national museum 中外游客tourist from home and aboard7.地理环境幅员辽阔have a vast territory 省会provincial capital水域面积water area 高原plateau三面环山be surrounded by mountains on three side8.医疗健康诊断diagnosis(n); diagnose(v) 偏方folk prescription祖传秘方secret prescription handed down from one’s ancestors中医Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)救死扶伤heal the sick and rescue the dying望闻问切observing, listening, inquiring, pulse-taking肥胖症obesity草药herbal therapy食疗food therapy 延缓衰老slow down aging。

100个中国传统文化词汇的英文翻译翻译

100个中国传统文化词汇的英文翻译翻译

100个中国传统文化词汇的英文翻译翻译元宵节元宵节 Lantern Fes val 刺绣刺绣Embroidery 重阳节重阳节Double-Ninth Fes val 清明节清明节Tomb sweeping day 剪纸剪纸Paper Cu ng 书 法Calligraphy 对联对联 (Spring Fes val) Couplets 象形文字 Pictograms/Pictographic Characters雄黄酒雄黄酒Realgar wine 四合院四合院Siheyuan/Quadrangle 战国战国Warring States 风水风水Fengshui/Geoman c Omen 昆曲昆曲Kunqu Opera 长 城 The Great Wall 集体舞集体舞Group Dance 黄土高原黄土高原Loess Plateau 红臼喜事红臼喜事 Weddings and Funerals中秋节中秋节Mid-Autumn Day 花鼓戏花鼓戏Flower Drum Song 儒家文化儒家文化Confucian Culture 中国结中国结Chinese kno ng 古装片古装片Costume Drama 武打片武打片 Chinese Swordplay Movie元宵元宵 Tangyuan/Sweet Rice Dumpling 越剧越剧 Yue Opera 火锅火锅Hot Pot 江南江南 South Regions of the Yangtze River 谜语谜语Riddle 《诗经》《诗经》 The Book of Songs 《史记》《史记》Historical Records/Records of the Grand Historian《红楼梦》《红楼梦》 A Dream of Red Mansions《西游记》《西游记》 The Journey to the West除夕除夕Chinese New Year’s Eve/Eve of the Spring Fes val 针灸针灸Acupuncture 唐三彩唐三彩 Tri-color Po ery of the TangDynasty/ The Tang Tri-colored po ery 孔子孔子 Confucius 偏旁偏旁 Radical 孟子孟子Mencius 亭/ 阁 Pavilion/ A c 黄梅戏黄梅戏Huangmei opera 火 药 Gunpowder 农历农历Lunar Calendar 印/ 玺 Seal/Stamp 腊 八 节 The laba Rice Porridge Fes val京 剧 Beijing Opera/Peking Opera秦腔秦腔Crying of Qin People/Qin Opera 太极拳太极拳TaiChi 《本草纲目》《本草纲目》 Compendium of Materia Medica天坛天坛Altar of Heaven in Beijing 小吃摊小吃摊Snack Bar/Snack Stand 红双喜红双喜Double Happiness 文房四宝(笔墨纸砚)笔墨纸砚) The Four Treasure of the Study (Brush,Inks ck,Paper,and Inkstone ) 春卷春卷Spring Roll(s) 莲藕莲藕Lotus Root 罗盘罗盘Luopan/ compass 故宫博物院故宫博物院The Palace Museum 相声相声Cross-talk/Comic Dialogue 五行五行Five Phases 北京烤鸭北京烤鸭Beijing Roast Duck 《桃花扇》《桃花扇》 The Peach Blossom Fan木偶戏木偶戏Puppet Show 敦煌莫高窟敦煌莫高窟Mogao Caves电视小品电视小品TV Sketch/TV Skit 甲骨文甲骨文Oracle Bone Inscrip ons 古筝古筝Chinese Zither 杂技杂技acroba cs 门当户对门当户对 Perfect Match/Exact Match《水浒》《水浒》 Water Margin/Outlaws of the Marsh除夕除夕Chinese New Year's Eve 国子监国子监Imperial Academy 兵马俑兵马俑 Co a Warriors/ Terraco a Army 旗袍旗袍Cheongsam 中国古代四大发明中国古代四大发明the four great inven ons of ancient China (火药gunpowder 印刷术prin ng 造纸术paper-making 指南针the compass ) 泼水节泼水节 Water-Splashing Day 馄饨馄饨Wonton 花卷花卷Steamed twisted rolls 羊肉泡馍羊肉泡馍Pita Bread Soaked in Lamb Soup冰糖葫芦冰糖葫芦 A s ck of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.) 八宝饭八宝饭 Eight-treasure rice pudding粉丝粉丝Glass Noodles 豆腐脑豆腐脑 Jellied bean curd 小品小品Wi y Skits 孝顺孝顺To show filial obedience 武术武术 Wushu(Chinese Mar al Arts)宣纸宣纸Rice Paper 陶器陶器po ery/earthenware 佛教佛教Buddhism 中庸中庸 The way of medium(Golden Means) 爆竹爆竹firecracker 东坡肉东坡肉Dongpo Pork 中山陵中山陵 The Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum秦淮河秦淮河Qinhuai River 玄武湖玄武湖Xuanwu Lake夫子庙夫子庙The Confucian Temple 鸭血粉丝鸭血粉丝Duck blood fans 盐水鸭盐水鸭 Yanshuiya, or salted and baked duck 大煮干丝大煮干丝Gansi 小笼包小笼包Steamed buns 明孝陵明孝陵Ming Tomb 云锦云锦 Nanjing brocade。

120个中国传统文化名词及其英译

120个中国传统文化名词及其英译

120个中国传统文化名词及其英译以下是120个中国传统文化名词及其英译:1. 春节(Spring Festival)2. 元宵节(Lantern Festival)3. 清明节(Tomb-Sweeping Day)4. 端午节(Dragon Boat Festival)5. 中秋节(Mid-Autumn Festival)6. 重阳节(Double Ninth Festival)7. 除夕(New Year's Eve)8. 书法(Calligraphy)9. 国画(Traditional Chinese Painting)10. 剪纸(Paper Cutting)11. 对联(Spring Festival Couplets)12. 风筝(Kite)13. 中国结(Chinese Knotting)14. 灯笼(Lantern)15. 灯谜(Lantern Riddles)16. 茶文化(Tea Culture)17. 热闹(Noise and Excitement)18. 团圆(Reunion)19. 红包(Red Envelope)20. 长寿(Longevity)21. 福字(Fu Character)22. 禅宗(Zen Buddhism)23. 道教(Taoism)24. 佛教(Buddhism)25. 儒家(Confucianism)26. 旗袍(Qipao)27. 长衫(Long Shirt)28. 唱戏(Opera)29. 京剧(Peking Opera)30. 象棋(Chinese Chess)31. 麻将(Mahjong)32. 瓜子(Sunflower Seeds)33. 腊八节(Laba Festival)34. 元宵(Tangyuan)35. 饺子(Dumplings)36. 年糕(Nian Gao)37. 火锅(Hot Pot)38. 炸酱面(Noodles with Soybean Paste)39. 午餐肉(Luncheon Meat)40. 豆腐(Tofu)41. 麻婆豆腐(Mapo Tofu)42. 宫保鸡丁(Kung Pao Chicken)43. 鱼香肉丝(Fish-Flavored Shredded Pork)44. 红烧肉(Braised Pork Belly)45. 糖葫芦(Candied Fruit on a Stick)46. 美食(Delicacy)47. 食文化(Food Culture)48. 酒文化(Wine Culture)49. 茅台酒(Maotai)50. 龙井茶(Longjing Tea)51. 碧螺春(Biluochun Tea)52. 普洱茶(Pu'er Tea)53. 茶道(Tea Ceremony)54. 茶艺(Tea Art)55. 书法(Calligraphy)56. 绘画(Painting)57. 雕塑(Sculpture)58. 陶艺(Pottery)59. 瓷器(Porcelain)60. 纺织(Textile)61. 刺绣(Embroidery)62. 缝纫(Sewing)63. 针灸(Acupuncture)64. 中药(Traditional Chinese Medicine)65. 草药(Herbal Medicine)66. 风水(Fengshui)67. 堪舆(Kanyu)68. 儒家经典(Confucian Classics)69. 四书五经(Four Books and Five Classics)70. 《大学》(The Great Learning)71. 《中庸》(The Doctrine of the Mean)72. 《论语》(The Analects of Confucius)73. 《孟子》(The Mencius)74. 《诗经》(The Book of Songs)75. 《尚书》(The Book of Documents)76. 《礼记》(The Book of Rites)77. 《易经》(The Book of Changes)78. 《春秋》(The Spring and Autumn Annals)79. 《孝经》(The Book of Filial Piety)80. 《尔雅》(The Book of Erya)81. 儒家思想(Confucian Thought)82. 道家思想(Taoist Thought)83. 佛教思想(Buddhist Thought)84. 法家思想(Legalist Thought)85. 墨家思想(Mohist Thought)86. 阴阳五行(Yin and Yang, Five Elements)87. 八卦(Eight Trigrams)88. 易经(I Ching)89. 太极(Tai Chi)90. 武术(Wushu)91. 少林寺(Shaolin Temple)92. 武当山(Wudang Mountains)93. 内功(Neigong)94. 外功(Waijong)95. 拳法(Boxing)96. 剑法(Swordplay)97. 气功(Qigong)98. 八段锦(Baduanjin)99. 五禽戏(Wuqinxi)100. 二十四节气(Twenty-Four Solar Terms)101. 农历(Lunar Calendar)102. 阳历(Solar Calendar)103. 天干地支(Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches) 104. 黄道吉日(Good Fortune Days)105. 红事(Weddings)106. 白事(Funerals)107. 喜帖(Wedding Invitation)108. 聘礼(Betrothal Gift)109. 六礼(Six Ceremonies)110. 三书六礼(Three Books and Six Ceremonies)111. 红娘(Matchmaker)112. 月老(Old Man Under the Moon)113. 金榜题名(Golden List)114. 状元(Number One Scholar)115. 进士(Jinshi)116. 举人(Juren)117. 秀才(Xiucai)118. 科举(Imperial Examination)119. 四书(Four Books)120. 五经(Five Classics)这些名词涵盖了中国的传统文化、哲学思想、宗教信仰、节日庆典、文学艺术、饮食习惯、服饰风格、武术健身、天文历法等多个方面,反映了中国悠久的历史和丰富的文化内涵。

中国文化特色词语英译3

中国文化特色词语英译3

中国文化特色词语英译(一)宗教及传统文拜年: pay a New Year call财运: luck in making money江南水乡: the south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River禅宗: Chan Sect/Zen Sect出家人: ascetic祠堂:memorial temple倒春寒:an unusually cold spell in an otherwise warm early spring道教:Taoism道士:Taoist priest法师:Master 方丈:Buddhist abbot佛教:Buddhism恭喜发财:May you be prosperous和尚:Buddhism monk华表:ornamental column/cloud pillar/stele红包:red envelope containing money as a gift; bribe/kickback(贬义用法)华盖:canopy回教:Islam慧根:the organ of wisdom甲骨文:inscriptions on oracle bones戒律:precept/discipline金刚经:Diamond Sutra京剧票友:Perking Opera fan京剧人物脸谱:types of facial make-up in Perking Opera/Perking Opera masks旧教/天主教:Catholicism坎儿井:karez喇嘛:Lama老字号:an old and famous shop/enterprise尼姑:Buddhism nun涅槃:Nirvana旗袍:cheongsam三藏经:Tripitaka三教(儒、释、道):Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism时运:luck/fortune四大皆空:all space directions being void新教,耶稣教:Protestantism真人:Taoism pure man族人:clansman坐禅:sitting in meditation(二)名胜古迹阿里山:Ali Mountain碑林:Forest of Steles兵马俑:the Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses布达拉宫:Potala Palace长春观:Changchun Taoism Temple承德避暑山庄:Chengde Mountain Resort /the Imperial Mountain Summer Resort 大屿山:Lantau Island大运河:Grand Canal滇池:Dianci Lake都江堰:Dujiangyan Weir二七纪念馆:February 7 Memorial Hall鼓浪屿:Gulang yu Islet/Gulang yu Island归元寺:Guiyuan Buddhist Temple龟山:Tortoise Hill华清池:Huaqing Hot Spring黄鹤楼:Yellow Crane Tower居庸关:Juyongguan Pass橘子洲:Orange Island孔庙/夫子庙:the Temple of Confucius坤宁宫:Palace of Earthly Tranquility乐山大佛:Leshan Giant Buddha灵隐寺:Temple of Soul’s Retreat龙门石窟:Longmen Grottoes芦笛岩:Reed Flute Cave毛主席纪念堂:Chairman Mao Memorial Hall莫高窟:Mogao Grotto in Dunhuang蓬莱阁:Penglai Pavilion人民大会堂:the Great Hall of the People人民英雄纪念碑:Monument of the People’s Heroes日月潭:Sun Moon Lake三峡:the Three Gorges on the Yangtze River/ the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River少林寺:Shaolin Temple/ Shaolin Monastery蛇山:Snake Hill狮子林:Lion Grove十三陵:the Ming Tombs石林:Stone Forest苏州园林:Suzhou Gardens/the Gardens of Suzhou太和殿:Hall of Supreme Harmony太湖:Lake Taihu天安门广场:Tian An Men Square天坛:the Temple of Heaven外滩:the Bund武侯祠:Temple Dedicated to the Memory of Zhuge Liang西湖:the West Lake象鼻山:Elephant Trunk Hill养心殿:Hall of Mental Cultivation颐和园(夏宫):the Imperial Garden /the Summer Palace雍和宫:Yonghegong Lamasery雨花台:the Terrace of the Raining Flowers玉渊潭公园:Jade Abyss Pool Park豫园(上海城隍庙):Yuyuan Garden/Shanghai’s Town God’s Temple 岳阳楼:Yueyang Tower中山陵:Dr. Sun Yet-sen’s Mausoleum紫金山天文台:Purple Hills Observatory紫竹院公园:Purple Bamboo Court Park(三)二十四节气二十四节气:the twenty-four solar terms立春:the Beginning of Spring (1st solar term)雨水:Rain Water(2nd solar term)惊蛰:the Walking of Insects(3rd solar term)春分:the Spring Equinox(4th solar term)清明:Pure Brightness(5th solar term)谷雨:Grain Rain(6th solar term)立夏:the Beginning of Summer(7th solar term)小满:Grain Full(8th solar term)芒种:Grain in Ear(9th solar term)夏至:the summer solstice(10th solar term)小暑:Slight Heat(11th solar term)大暑:Great Heat(12th solar system)立秋:the Beginning of Autumn(13th solar term)处暑:the Limit of Heat(14th solar term)白露:White Dew(15th solar term)秋分:the Autumnal Equinox(16th solar term)寒露:Cold Dew(17th solar term)霜降:Frost’s Descent(18th solar term)立冬:the Beginning of Winter(19th solar term)小雪:Lesser Snow(20th solar term)大雪:Greater Snow(21st solar term)冬至:the Winter Solstice(22nd solar term)小寒:Lesser Cold(23rd solar term)大寒:Greater Cold(24th solar term)(四)政治经济活动“达标”活动: “target hitting” activities“豆腐渣”工程:jerry-built project“一条龙服务”:coordinated-process service安居工程:housing project for low-income families按劳分配:distribution according to one’s performance把各项政策落到实处:truly put all policies into effect把握正确的舆论导向:to properly guide the public opinion把眼光放远一些:to subordinate immediate interests to the long-term ones/to be farsighted/to have a broad view把已经确定的方针政策措施落到实处:to get the set principles, policies and measures implemented 百花齐放、百家争鸣:Let a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend百年不遇:once-in-a-century摆门面:to put up an impressive front半拉子工程:uncompleted project包干到户:work contracted to households保持和发展党的先进性:preserve and enhance/maintain and develop the Party’s vanguard nature 保重点,不撒胡椒面:Resources must be channeled to(or concentrated on) priority projects and not spread thinly(evenly) everywhere本位主义:departmentalism变相涨价:disguised inflation拨乱反正:to set things right/to restore things to order不搞一刀切:without imposing a single solution不顾条件,一哄而起:to rush into action in disregard of objective conditions不合理收费、集资和摊派:to impose charges and quotas and collect money without authorization不正之风:unhealthy practice(tendency)不良风气:unhealthy ways and customs部优产品:Ministry-recognized quality goods/products财政困难县:financially strapped counties菜篮子工程:the shopping basket project参政议政意识:the awareness of the need to participate in the discussion and administration of state affairs超计划生育:to have more children than what is planned/extra-plan babies城市最低生活保障制度:the system of basic cost of living allowances for urban residents城乡居民最低生活保障制度:the system of basic living allowances for urban and rural residents吃大锅饭:egalitarian practice of “everybody eating from the same big pot”出口退税:export tax rebates传销:pyramid selling/multi-level marketing春运:(passenger)transportation during the Spring Festival磁悬浮列车:maglev train (magnetically levitated train )/magnetic suspension打白条:to issue IOUs打假:to crack down on counterfeit goods打捆带货:bundled loans大路货:staple goods大排档:sidewalk snack booth/large stall大腕:top notch/a heavyweight待业:job-waiting单位:organizations and institutions党风廉政建设:build a fine Party culture and keeps its organization clean党群关系:Party-masses relationship党性:one’s Party morale/Party spirit/Party character倒爷:profiteer第二职业:second employment/second occupation第三产业:tertiary industry/service sector对外宣传工作:to conduct public diplomacy programs发展是硬道理:Development is of overriding importance防洪工程:flood-prevention project房管:real estate management放宽市场准入:relax control over market entry/ease market access扶贫:poverty alleviation福利分房:welfare-oriented public housing distribution system改革开放:reform and opening to the outside world港人治港:Hong Kong people governing Hong Kong高新技术产业开发区:high and new technological industry development zone搞活国营大中型企业:to revitalize/invigorate large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises 革命老根据地:the old revolutionary base areas公费医疗:medical services at state expense公款吃喝:banquet at public expenses挂靠:to be attached or affiliated to/to be subordinated to挂职:to take up provisional post in官倒:official profiteering/official racketing规范收入分配秩序:standardize pattern of income distribution国家行政编制:government staff status长期国库券:treasury bonds国有大中型企业:large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises和平共处五项原则:the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence和平统一,一国两制的方针:the principles of peaceful reunification and “one country, two systems”/the policy of peaceful reunification and the principle of “one country, two systems”和平演变:peaceful evolution towards capitalism和谐发展的内涵:the characteristics of a harmonious society 黑店:gangster inn黑社会:Mafia-style organizations; gangland红筹股:red-chip shares/red chips户口簿:residence booklet户口管理制度:domicile system/residence registration system户主:head of a household灰色收入:income from moonlighting火炬计划:Torch Program( a plan to develop new and high technology)基本国情:fundamental realities of the country基层民主:community-level democracy集体主义:community spirit/collectivism计划生育:family planning加强基层民主:to expand democracy at village and community level加强务实合作:to enhance cooperation in practical term假日经济:holiday economy坚持“一个中心、两个基本点”的基本路线:adhere to the Party’s basic line of taking economic development as the central task and upholding the four Cardinal Principles and the reform and opening up policy, known as “one central task and two basic points”坚持两个文明一起抓:to ensure that efforts are made to build a society that is advocated both materially and culturally and ideologically减员增效、下岗分流:to cut down the size of workforce for efficiency and get the layoff re-employed elsewhere讲文明礼貌:to promote civilized behavior/civic manners讲学习,讲政治,讲正气的党性党风教育:to educate the cadres in the Party spirit and style through the promotion of the three emphases on theoretical studies, political awareness and integrity解放生产力:to emancipate the productive forces 解放思想:to free our mind戒急用忍:to overcome impetuosity exercise patience/no haste/be patient精简机构:to streamline government organs精神文明建设:to promote cultural and ethical progress纠风办:State Council Office for Rectification纠正不正之风:to rectify unhealthy tendencies and malpractices军转民:military conversion/conversion from military to civilian production开展扫黄打非斗争:to eliminate/crack down on pornography and other illegal publications康居工程:the Affordable Housing Project科技是第一生产力:Science and technology constitute a primary productive force科教兴国战略:the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education科学民主决策:to make decisions scientifically and democratically跨世纪工程:trans-century project污损企业:enterprises running in the end/under deficit廉政建设:construction of a clean government龙头:to play a leading role in/to serve as a powerhouse乱摊派:indiscriminate levies/arbitrary imposition of quotas乱涨价:unauthorized price rise民工:out-of-town laborer/rural laborer/migrant laborer民族区域自治制度:the system of autonomy of ethnic regions磨洋工:to dawdle along南水北调工程:projects to divert water from the south to the north农转非:agricultural people to be given non-agricultural status普法教育:to enhance legal awareness企业政策性破产:policy-mandated bankruptcy of enterprise强国之路:the path to a strong China勤俭强国:to build the country with industry and thrift全民所有制:public ownership/public sector/publicly owned权力下放:to delegate/decentralize power to the lower levels三角债:debt chains三通:direct links in postal service,air and shipping services and trade/three direct links ,mail and air and shipping services across the Taiwan Straits三峡工程:Three Gorges Projects三资企业:enterprises in the “three forms of ventures”: Sino-foreign joint ventures ,cooperative businesses and exclusively(wholly) foreign-owned enterprises扫黄:anti-pornography drive/campaign against pornography社会主义基本制度:the basic system of socialism涉外婚姻:Chinese marriage with foreign nationals 生态补偿机制:ecological damage compensation mechanism十年动乱:the ten chaotic years/the ten-year turmoil十年规划和“八五”计划纲要:the guidelines of the Ten-Year Program and the Eighth Five-Year Plan 实事求是:to pursue a realistic and pragmatic approach事业编制:staffing of government affiliated institutions四有公民:citizens who have high ideals, moral integrity, a good education and a strong sense of discipline脱贫:to shake off poverty歪风邪气:unhealthy practices and evil phenomena晚婚晚育:late marriage and postponement of childbearing温饱问题:the problem of inadequate of inadequate food and clothing五好家庭:five-virtue family五讲四美三热爱:five stresses, four points of beauty and three aspects of love五讲四美运动:the movement of “five stresses and four points of beauty”: to promote civility ,courtesy, tidiness, orderliness and integrity下海:to take the plunge into private business下硬功夫:to make intensive efforts乡镇企业:township enterprise/rural enterprise小康社会:a well-off society小康生活;to lead a relatively comfortable life小商品市场:smalls fair信息高速公路:information(super)highway/info highway星火计划:Spark Program姓社姓资问题:distinction of what is socialism and what is capitalism亚运村:Asian Games Village严打:to crack down on crimes and social evils严防死守:life-and-death defense一刀切:sweeping approach/to impose uniformity on(e.g, all enterprises)/action in disregard of objective conditions一国两制:one country, two systems一切向钱看:money-mania/money-mad/to put money above anything else依法治国: to rule the country in accordance with law移风易俗:to transform outmoded habit and custom以权谋私:to abuse power for personal gains优生优育:to promote good prenatal and postnatal care/to improve prenatal and postnatal care有经济头脑的人:commercially minded people/people with business sense跃上新台阶:to reach a new high 宰人:rip-off政企分开:to separate government functions from enterprise management支农惠农政策:policies to support and benefit agriculture, rural areas and farmers治理三乱:to put to a stop/eliminate indiscriminate fines, charges and levies治理整顿:to improve the economic environment and rectify the economic order/economic improvement and rectification/economic retrenchment中央:the national leadership/the central Party and government authorities/the central government 重点贫困县:designated poverty-stricken counties重读建设:to build redundant project/duplication of similar projects抓住经济建设这个中心:to commit ourselves to the central task of economic development专业户:specialized household自负盈亏:to be responsible for one’s own profit and loss自留地:individual farm plots/private plots of land走共同致富的道路:to take the road of common prosperity遵纪守法:to observe discipline and abide by the law重要机构名称英译(一)学校各部门(大学)\校医院:university hospital保卫科:security section/office财务处:finance section/office基础部:basic training department教材科:teaching material section/office教务处:the dean’s office教研室:teaching and research room科研室:scientific research department膳食科:catering section/office外事处:foreign affairs office学生科:student affairs section/office学术委员会:academic committee研究生院:graduate school招生办公室:admission office政教处:political education section/office总务处:general affairs office(二)政党及组织九三学社:The Jiu San Society台湾民主政治同盟:The Taiwan Democratic Self-Government League政治局:Political Bureau中共中央对外联络部:International Liaison Department of the CPC Central Committee 中共中央统战部:United Front Work Department of the CPC Central Committee中国共产主义青年团:Communist Youth League of China中国国民党革命委员会:The Revolutionary Committee of the Kuomingtang中国民主促进会:China Association for Promoting Democracy中国民主建国会:China Democratic National Construction Association中国民主同盟:The China Democratic League中国农工民主党:Chinese Peasants and Workers Democratic Party中国致公党:China Zhi Gong Party中央办公厅:General Office of the Central Committee中央党校:Party School of the Central Committee; Central Party School中央顾问委员会:Advisory Commission of the Central Committee中央候补委员:Alternate Member of the Central Committee中央纪律检查委员会:Discipline Inspection Commission of the Central Committee中央军事委员会:Military Commission of the Central Committee中央绿化委员会:Greening Commission of the Central Committee中央书记处:Secretariat of the Central Committee中央政法委员会:Commission of the Politics and Law of the Central Committee中央政治局:Political Bureau of the Central Committee中央政治局常务委员会:Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee 中央组织部:Organizing Department of the Central Committee(三)国务院所属各部、委、局兵器工业部:Ministry of Ordnance Industry财政部:Ministry of Finance城乡建设环境保护部:Ministry of Urban and Rural Construction and Environmental Protection地质矿产部:Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources电子工业部:Ministry of Electronic Industry对外经济贸易部:Ministry of Foreign Economic Relations and Trade对外贸易经济合作部:Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation纺织工业部:Ministry of Textile Industry工商行政管理总局:General Bureau of Industrial and Commercial Administration公安部:Ministry of Public Security广播电影电视部:Ministry of Radio, Film and Television国防部:Ministry of State Defense国防科学技术工业委员会:the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for State Security 国家安全部:Ministry of State Security国家标准总局:State Bureau of Standardization国家测量制图局:State Bureau of Surveying and Cartography国家档案局:State Archives Bureau国家地震局:State Seismological Bureau国家发展计划委员会:State Development Planning Commission国家海洋局:State Oceanic Bureau国家计量总局:State Bureau of Metrology国家经济体制改革委员会:the State Commission for Restructuring Economic System国家经济委员会:the State Economic Commission国家民族事务委员会:the State Nationalities Affairs Commission国家商品检验局:State Commodity Inspection Commission国家水产总局:State Bureau of Aquatic Products国家税务局:State Taxation Administration国家体育运动委员会:the State Physical Culture and Sports Commission国家统计局:State Statistical Bureau国家物价局:State Bureau of Commodity Prices国家新闻出版署:State Press and Publications Bureau国内贸易部:Ministry of Internal Trade国土局:Land and Resources Bureau国土资源部:Ministry of Land and Natural Resources国务院参事室:Office of Counselors to the State Council国务院港澳办公室:Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office under the State Council 国务院侨务办公室:Overseas Chinese Affairs under the State Council海关总署:General Administration of Customs航天工业部:Ministry of Astronautics Industry核工业部:Ministry of Nuclear Industry华侨事务委员会:Overseas Chinese Affairs Commission化学工业部:Ministry of Chemical Industry机械工业部:Ministry of Machine-Building Industry监察部:Ministry of Supervision建设部:Ministry of Construction交通部:Ministry of Communications教育部:Ministry of Education科学技术部:Ministry of Science and Technology劳动和社会保障部:Ministry of Labor and Social Security林业部:Ministry of Forestry劳动人事部:Ministry of labor and Personnel Affairs旅行游览总局:General Administration of Travel and Tourism煤炭工业部:Ministry of Coal Industry民政部:Ministry of Civil Affairs农牧渔业部:Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Fishery轻工业部:Ministry of Light Industry全国供销合作总社:All-China Federation of Supply and Marketing cooperatives审计署:Auditing Administration石油工业部:Ministry of Petroleum Industry水利电力部:Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power司法部:Ministry of Justice铁道部:Ministry of Railways外国专家局:Bureau of Foreign Experts Admission外交部:Ministry of Foreign Affairs文化部:Ministry is Culture信息产业部:Ministry of Information Technology and Telecom Induastries冶金工业部:Ministry of Metallurgocan邮电部:Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications宗教事务局:Bureau of Religious Affairs.(四)其他政府和群众组织中华全国妇女联合会:All-China Women’s Federation中华全国工商联合会:All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce中国残疾人协会:Chinese Association for Trade Unions中国红十字会:Red Cross Society of China全国人民代表大会:National people’s Congress省人民代表大会:Provincial People’s Congress地区人民代表大会:Prefectural People’s Congress市人民代表大会:C ity People’s Congress自治区人民代表大会:Autonomous Regional People’s Congress中国人民政治协商会议:Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference 最高人民法院:The Supreme People’s Court中级人民法院:Intermediate People’s Court中央法院:Central Court地方法院:Local Court人民检察院:People’s Procuratorate中国民用航空局:Civil Aviation of China中国民用航空总局:General Administration of Civil Aviation of China中国文字改革委员会:Committee for Reforming the Chinese Written Language 中国中央电视台:China Central Television Station (CCTV)中央气象局:Central Bureau of Meteorology中国人民广播电台:Central People’s Broadcasting Station中央文史研究馆:Central Research Institute of Culture and History新华社:Xinhua News Agency辞书出版社:Lexicographic Publishing House古籍出版社:Classics Press/Ancient Books Publishing House广播电视出版社:Broadcasting and Television Press人民出版社:People’s Publishing House商务印书馆:Commercial Press少年儿童出版社:Juveniles and Children’s Publishing House外文出版社:Foreign Languages Press社会科学出版社:Social Science Publishing House文艺出版社:Literature and Art Publishing House译文出版社:Translation Publishing House中国对外翻译出版公司:China Translation and Publishing Corporation .。

中国特色文化词汇及段落英译

中国特色文化词汇及段落英译

常用的中国文化特色英译词汇风水:Fengshui; geomantic omen阳历:solar calendar阴历:lunar calendar闰年:leap year十二生肖:zodiac春节:the Spring Festival元宵节:the Lantern Festival清明节:the Tomb-sweeping Day端午节:the Dragon-boat Festival中秋节:the Mid-autumn Day重阳节:the Double-ninth Day七夕节:the Double-seventh Day春联:spring couplets春运:the Spring Festival travel把中国的汉字“福”字倒贴在门上(听起来像是福到)预示新年有好运:turn the Chinese character forluck (fu) upside down to make “dao”(which sou nds like arrival) and put it on your door to bringin good fortune for the new y ear庙会:temple fair爆竹:firecracker年画:(traditional) New Year pictures压岁钱:New Year gift-money舞龙:dragon dance舞狮:lion dance元宵:sweet sticky rice dumplings花灯:festival lantern灯谜:lantern riddle食物对于中国佳节来说至关重要,但甜食对于农历新年特别重要,因为他们能让新的一年更加甜蜜。

Food is central to all Chines festivals, but sugary snacks are especially import ant for LunarNew Year, since they sweetne up prospects for the coming year.传统的佳节食物包括年糕、八宝饭、饺子、果脯和瓜子。

文化词汇英译

文化词汇英译

qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcv bmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmq wertyui opasdfghjklz xcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfg hjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiop asdfghjklzxcvbnmqwert yuiopasdfgh jklzxcvbnmqwerty uiopasdf ghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmq wertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvb nmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklz xcvbnmqwertyuiop asdfghjk lzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmrtyuiopasdfgh jklzxcvbnm qwertzyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwe文化词汇英译吴丹新千年the new millennium新纪元the new age精髓essence陶器pottery京剧戏装Costumes of Peking Opera莫高窟复制品the replica of the Mogao Grottoes 青铜战车the bronze chariot战国早期的礼仪乐器ritual musical instruments produced early in the Warring States Period八音度 a range of octave音域宽wide range定音tone setting瑟,笙,箫,鼓se, sheng, xiao, drums整理collate骨哨bone flute摇篮cradle舞台服饰performance costumes夸张和象征的手法exaggeration and symbolic means名模famous model广袤无垠的中华大地the boundless expanse of the Chinese territory绚丽多姿的自然景观gorgeous and varied natural scenery如诗如画poetic and picturesque名胜古迹places of historic interest and scenic beauty兵马俑terra-cotta soldiers and horses故宫the Imperial Palace五岳之首the most famous of China's 5 great mountains 峻拔突兀majestic and precipitous appeal山外有山mountains beyond mountains融自然与文化景观于一体embody naturalscenery and cultural heritage奇石,清瀑,古松,亭阁grotesque rockformation, clear waterfalls, old-age pine trees andpavilions历代文人雅士书法家famous ancient writers,scholars and calligraphers of various dynasty石刻碑文stone inscription重峦叠嶂peaks rising one after another经典佳作great classics of ancient writers ofvarious dynasty华夏祖先Chinese ancestors吉祥之地propitious place祭祀天地offer sacrifices to Heaven and Earth联合国教科文组织UNESCO世界自然与文化遗产World heritageCommission中国古代药王神农氏Shennong, the celebratedherbal master of ancient China中医史上的萌芽阶段the embryo stage in thedevelopment of TCM战国时期the Warring States Period黄帝内经Huang Di’s Classic of internalMedicine神农本草经Shennong’s herbal classic主治、功用和毒性primary treatments,functions and toxic character药典pharmacopoeia救死扶伤healing the sick and saving the dying职业道德规范professional work ethic食补保健food treatment approach延缓衰老defer senility相互作用、互为依存be of mutual influenceand interdependence有机的整体an organic whole诊断疾病diagnose disease阴阳对立制约yin and yang are mutuallyopposing and constraining互根互用be interdependent and mutuallypromoting消长平衡proportionally change with thedecrease of one, resulting in, or from the increaseof the other相互转化mutually transformational健康的要素be essential for the maintenance ofgood health指导思想guiding concept临床治疗方法clinical treatment针灸疗法acupuncture and moxibustion按摩推拿medical massage气功疗法deep breathing exercises赢得广泛赞誉win worldwide acclaim中医专业队伍TCM professionals综合医院general hospital民为贵people being the most important巨大活力the immense vitality生动写照vivid reflection生存权subsistence right立国之本the foundation to build the country不懈努力make unremitting endeavor相辅相成the two are complementary to eachother民族先人ancestor初步繁荣昌盛initial prosperity吸收和借鉴absorb and draw upon fruits of祖国统一reunification of the country繁衍multiply伟大复兴the great rejuvenation先行者forerunner区域自治regional autonomy宪法保障protected by the Constitution崇高目标lofty goal亲仁善邻benevolence and good-neighborliness 国之宝箴treasured maxim地势平坦的冲积平原 a soil deposit plain land 常住居民permanent residents慈悬浮列车the maglev train长江三角洲Yangtze River Delta龙头作用play a leading role清朝乾隆,嘉庆年间during the reigns of Qianlong and Jiaqing of Qing Dynasty石油化工产业the petrochemical industry精细化工产业the fine chemical家用电器产业the home electrical appliance industry生物医药产业the bioengineering and pharmaceutical industry支柱产业pillar industry历史文物保护单位sites of historical interest and cultural relics under protection海派文化Shanghai regional culture美食家gourmet 清真authentic Muslim万国建筑博览会exhibition of the world'sarchitecture内环线高架道路elevated inner beltway野生动物园the Wildlife zoo迎新撞钟活动New year's GreetingBell-striking庙会Temple Fair桂花节Sweet Osmanthus Festival海纳百川,有容乃大the sea admits hundredsof rivers for its capacity to hold乘骐骥以驰骋兮on your steed galloping来吾道夫先路on my road pioneering聪明,精明,高明bright, smart, wise烹饪艺术culinary art民以食为天food is the paramount necessity ofthe people推陈出新creative efforts色、香、味color, aroma and taste摆放layout冷盘cold dishes原料raw material作料调配the blending of seasoning调味艺术the art of proper seasoning食物质地the texture of food刀功slicing technique乳猪suckling pig点心pastries黄酒yellow rice wine烈性白酒strong white liquor敬酒toast with小啜take a sip馒头steamed bread热卡calories主食staple food四大发明the four great inventions of ancientChina火药gunpowder印刷术printing造纸术paper-making指南针the compass四书The Four Book《大学》The Great Learning《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean《论语》The Analects of Confucius《孟子》The Mencius中国画traditional Chinese painting书法calligraphy水墨画Chinese brush painting; ink and washpainting工笔traditional Chinese realistic painting孙子兵法The Art of War汉字Chinese character华夏祖先the Chinese ancestors单音节single syllable汉语有“合理的逻辑性” Chinese language is“soberly logical” (Edward Sapir, Americanlinguist)汉语四声调the four tones of Chinese characterslevel tone阳平rising tone阴平falling-rising tone上声falling tone去声武术martial art中国武术Kung fu武术门派styles or schools of martial art习武健身practice martial art for fitness气功Qigong, deep breathing exercises拳击boxing中国文学Chinese literature[扩展]《三国演义》Three Kingdoms《西游记》Journey to the West; Pilgrimage to the West《红楼梦》Dream of the Red Mansions《山海经》the Classic of Mountains and Rivers 《资治通鉴》History as a Mirror;Comprehensive History Retold as a Mirror for Rulers《西厢记》the Romance of West Chamber 《水浒传》Heroes of the Marshes; T ales of the Water Margin《聊斋志异》Strange T ales of a Lonely Studio; Strange Tales from Make-Do Studio《围城》Fortress Besieged《阿Q正传》The True Story of Ah Q春秋the Spring and Autumn Annals史记Historical Records诗经The Books of Songs;the Book of Odes 书经The Books of History易经I Ching; the Book of Changes礼记the Book of Rites孝经Book of Filial Piety三字经three-character scripture;three-word chant八股文eight-part essay; stereotyped writing 五言绝句five-character quatrain七言律诗seven-character octave重要文化遗产major cultural heritage优秀民间艺术outstanding folkarts 文物cultural relics中国结Chinese knot旗袍Cheongsam中山装Chinese tunic suit唐装traditional Chinese garments (clothing),Tang suit景泰蓝cloisonné朝廷使者royal court envoy文人men of letters雅士refined scholars表演艺术performing art现代流行艺术popular art, pop art纯艺术high art高雅艺术refined art电影艺术cinematographic art戏剧艺术theatrical art[扩展]生(男性正面角色) male (the positive malerole)旦(女性正面角色) female (the positive femalerole)净(性格鲜明的男性配角) a supporting malerole with striking character丑(幽默滑稽或反面角色) a clown or a negativerole花脸painted role歌舞喜剧musical滑稽场面, 搞笑小噱头shtick滑稽短剧skit京剧人物脸谱Peking Opera Mask皮影戏shadow play; leather-silhouette show说书story-telling叠罗汉make a human pyramid折子戏opera highlights踩高跷stilt walk哑剧pantomime; mime哑剧演员pantomimist戏剧小品skit马戏circus show单口相声monologue comic talk, standupcomedy特技表演stunt相声witty dialogue comedy, comic cross talk杂技acrobatics京韵大鼓the traditional story-telling in Beijingdialect with drum accompaniment秦腔shaanxi opera篆刻sealcutting工艺, 手艺workmanship / craftsmanship卷轴scroll蜡染batik泥人clay figure漆画lacquer painting唐三彩Trio-colored glazed pottery of the TangDynasty文房四宝The four stationery treasures of theChinese study --- a writing brush, an ink stick,an ink stone and paper民间传说folklores寓言fable传说legend神话mythology古为今用,洋为中用make the past serve thepresent and the foreign serve china赋诗inscribe a poem对对联matching an antithetical couplet阳历Solar calendar公历Gregorian calendar阴历Lunar calendar天干heavenly stem地支earthly branch闰年leap year二十四节气the twenty-four solar terms十二生肖zodiac本命年one's year of birth considered in relation to the 12 Terrestrial Branches春节Spring Festival元宵节Lantern Festival (15th day of the first lunar month)清明节Pure Brightness Festival / Tomb-sweeping Day (April the 5th)端午节Dragon Boat Festival (5th of the fifth lunar month)中秋节Moon Festival / Mid-Autumn Day (15th of the eight lunar month)重阳节Double Ninth Day / the Aged Day秦始皇帝First Emperor, Emperor Chin皇太后Empress Dowager汉高祖刘邦founder of the Han Dynasty (206BC-220AD)成吉思汗 Genghis Khan ; Temujin才子佳人 gifted scholars and beautiful ladies文明摇篮cradle of civilization夏朝Xia Dynasty明清两代(of) Ming and Qing dynasties中华文明Chinese civilization文明摇篮cradle of civilization地名:特别注意四川和陕西拼法四川Sichuan, Szechwan, Szechuan陝西Shaanxi古文明研究中心Research Center for Ancient Civilizations中外学者Chinese and overseas scholars考古学家archaeologists人类学家anthropologist二十四节气的英文表达二十四节气The 24 Solar Terms:立春Spring begins.雨水The rains.惊蛰Insects awaken.春分Vernal Equinox清明Clear and bright.谷雨Grain rain.立夏Summer begins.小满Grain buds.芒种Grain in ear.夏至Summer solstice.小暑Slight heat.大暑Great heat.立秋Autumn begins.处暑Stopping the heat.白露White dews.秋分Autumn Equinox.寒露Cold dews.霜降Hoar-frost falls.立冬Winter begins.小雪Light snow.大雪Heavy snow.冬至Winter Solstice.小寒Slight cold.大寒Great cold世界主要节日、纪念日、活动日元旦(1月1日) NEW YEAR'S DAY成人节(日本,1月15日) ADULTS DAY情人节(2月14日) ST.VALENTINE'S DAY(VALENTINE'S DAY)元宵节(阴历1月15日) LANTERN FESTIVAL狂欢节(巴西,二月中、下旬) CARNIVAL桃花节(日本女孩节,3月3日) PEACH FLOWERFESTIVAL (DOLL'S FESTIVAL)国际妇女节(3月8日) INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'SDAY圣帕特里克节(爱尔兰,3月17日) ST. PATRICK'S DAY枫糖节(加拿大,3-4月) MAPLE SUGAR FESTIVAL愚人节(4月1日) FOOL'S DAY复活节(春分月圆后第一个星期日) EASTER宋干节(泰国新年4月13日) SONGKRAN FESTIVALDAY食品节(新加坡,4月17日) FOOD FESTIVAL国际劳动节(5月1日) INTERNATIONAL LABOURDAY男孩节(日本,5月5日) BOY'S DAY母亲节(5月的第二个星期日) MOTHER'S DAY把斋节BAMADAN开斋节(4月或5月,回历十月一日) LESSER BAIRAM银行休假日(英国, 5月31日) BANK HOLIDAY国际儿童节(6月1日) INTERNATIONAL CHILDREN'SDAY父亲节(6月的第三个星期日) FATHER'S DAY端午节(阴历5月5日) DRAGON BOAT FESTIVAL仲夏节(北欧6月) MID-SUMMER DAY古尔邦节(伊斯兰节,7月下旬) CORBAN筷子节(日本,8月4日) CHOPSTICS DAY中秋节(阴历8月15日) MOON FESTIVAL教师节(中国,9月10日) TEACHER'S DAY敬老节(日本,9月15日) OLD PEOPLE'S DAY啤酒节(德国十月节,10月10日) OKTOBERFEST南瓜节(北美10月31日) PUMPKIN DAY鬼节(万圣节除夕,10月31日夜) HALLOWEEN万圣节(11月1日) HALLOWMAS感恩节(美国,11月最后一个星期4) THANKSGIVING 护士节(12月12日) NRUSE DAY圣诞除夕(12月24日) CHRISTMAS EVE圣诞节(12月25日) CHRISTMAS DAD节礼日(12月26日) BOXING DAY新年除夕(12月31日) NEW YEAR'S EVE(a bank holiday in many countries)春节(阴历一月一日) SPRING FESTIVAL (CHINESE NEW YEAR)其它活动节日世界消费者权益日(3月15日) WORLD CONSUMER RIGHT DAY世界水日(3月22日) WORLD WATER DAY世界卫生日(4月7日) WORLD HEALTH DAY世界地球日(4月22日) WORLD EARTH DAY世界住房日(十月第一个星期一) WORLD HOUSING DAY国际秘书节(4月25日) INTERNATIONAL SECRETARY DAY国际红十字日(5月8日) INTERNATIONALRED-CROSS DAY国际护士节(5月12日) INTERNATIONAL NURSE DAY世界电信日(5月17日) WORLD TELECOMMUNICATIONS DAY世界无烟日(5月31日) WORLD NO-SMOKING DAY 世界环境日(6月5日) WORLD ENVIRONMENT DAY 世界人口日(7月11日) WORLD POPULATION DAY 世界旅游日(9月27日) WORLD TOURISM DAY世界邮政日(10月9日) WORLD POST DAY世界粮食日(10月16日) WORLD GRAIN DAY世界爱滋病日(12月1日) WORLD AIDS DAY世界残疾日(12月3日) WORLD DISABLED DAY 世界各国的国庆与独立日1 月1日古巴解放日Liberation Day (CUBA)苏丹独立日Independence Day (SUDAN)4日缅甸独立日Independence Day (MYANMAR)18日突尼斯革命日Revolution Day (TUNIDIA)26日澳大利亚日Australia Day印度共和国日Republic Day (INDIA)28日卢旺达民主日Democracy Day (RWANDA)2 月4日斯里兰卡国庆日National Day (SRILANKA)5日墨西哥宪法日Constitution Day (MEXICO)7日格林纳达独立日Independence Day (GRENADA)11日日本建国日National Founding Day (JAPAN)伊朗伊斯兰革命胜利日Anniversary of theVictory of the Islamic Revolution (IRAN)16日美国华盛顿诞辰Washington's Birthday (USA)18日冈比亚独立日Independence Day (GAMBIA)23日文莱国庆日National Day (BRUNEIDARUSSALAM)圭亚那共和国日Republic Day (GUIYANA)25日科威特国庆日National Day (KUWAIT)3 月3日摩洛哥登基日Enthronement Day (MOROCCO)6日加纳独立日Independence Day (CHANA)12日毛里求斯独立日Independence Day(MAURITHUS)17日爱尔兰国庆日National Day (IRELAND)23日巴基斯坦日Pakistan Day25日希腊国庆日National Day (GREECE)26日孟加拉独立及国庆日Independence & NationalDay (BANGLADESH)31日马耳他国庆日National Day (MALTA)4 月4日匈牙利国庆日Liberation Day (HUNGARY)塞内加尔独立日Independence Day (SENEGAL)11日乌干达解放日Liberation Day (UGANDA)16日丹麦女王日Birthday of Her majesty QueenMargaret Ⅱ (DENMARK)17日叙利亚国庆日National Day (SYRIA)18日津巴布韦独立日Independence Day(ZIMBABWE)19日委内瑞拉独立节Independence Day (Venezuela)26日塞拉里昂共和国日Republic Day (SIFRRALEONE)坦桑尼亚联合日Union Day (TANZANIA)27日多哥独立日Independence Day (TOGO)29日日本天皇诞辰Birthday of His Majesty theEmperor (JAPAN)30日荷兰女王日Queen's Day (THENETHERLANDS)5 月9日捷克与斯洛伐克国庆日National Day (CZECH &SLOYAKIA)17日挪威宪法日Constitution Day (NORWAY)20日喀麦隆国庆日National Day (CAMEROON)25日阿根廷5月革命纪念日May 25,1810 RevolutionDay (ARGENTINA)约旦独立日Independence Day (JORDAN)6 月1日突尼斯胜利日Victory Day (TUNISIA)西萨摩亚独立日Independence Day (WESTERNSAMOA)2日意大利共和国日Foundation of Republic (ITALY)5日丹麦宪法日Constitution Day (DEMARK)塞舌尔解放日Liberation Day (SEYCHELLES)6日瑞典国庆日National Day (SWEDEN)7日乍得国庆日National Day (CHAD)10日葡萄牙国庆日National/Portugal Day (PORTUGAL)12日菲律宾独立日Independence Day (THE PHILIPPINES)14日英国女王官方生日Official Birthday of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ (UK)17日冰岛共和国日Anniversary of the Proclamation of the Republic (ICELAND)23日卢森堡国庆日National Day (LUXEMBOURG) 24日西班牙国王陛下日His Majesty the King's Day (SPAIN)26日马达加斯加独立日Independence Day (MADAGASCAR)27日吉布提独立日Independence Day (DJIBOUTI)7 月1日布隆迪国庆日National Day (BURUNDI) 加拿大日Canada Day卢望达独立日Independence Day (RWANDA)4日美国独立日Independence Day (USA)5日佛得角独立日Independence Day (CAPE VERDE) 委内瑞纳独立日Independence Day (VENEZUELA)6日科摩罗独立日Independence Day (COMOROS) 11日蒙古人民革命纪念日Anniversary of the People's Revolution (MONGOLIA)14日法国国庆日National/Bastille Day (FRANCE)17日伊拉克国庆日National Day (IRAQ)20日哥伦比亚国庆日National Day (COLOMBIA) 21日比利时国庆日National Day (BELGIUM)22日法兰国家复兴节Rebirth of Poland23日埃及国庆日National Day (EGYPT)26日利比利亚独立日Independence Day (LIBERIA)马尔代夫独立日Independence Day(MALDIVES)28日秘鲁独立日Independence Day (PERU)30日瓦努阿图独立日Independence Day(VANUATU)8 月1日瑞士联邦成立日Foundation of the Confederation(SWITZERLAND)4日布基纳法索国庆日National Day(BURKINA-FASO)5日牙买加独立日Independence Day (JAMAICA)6日玻利维亚独立日Independence Day (BOLIVIA)10日厄瓜多尔独立日Independence Day(EQUADOR)15日刚国国庆日National Day (THE GONGO)17日加蓬独立日Independence Day (GABON)19日阿富汗独立日Independence Day(AFCHANISTAN)23日罗马尼亚国庆日National Day (ROMANIA)31日马来西亚国庆日National Day (MALAYSIA)9月1日利比亚九月革命节The Great 1st of SeptemberRevolution (LIBYA)2日越南国庆日National Day (VIET NAM)3日圣马力诺国庆日National Day (SAN MARINO)7日巴西独立日Independence Day (BRAZIL)9日朝鲜共和国日Day of the Founding of DPPK12日佛得角国庆日National Day (CAPE VERDE)埃塞俄比亚人民革命日The people's RevolutionDay (ETHIOPIA)16日墨西哥独立节Independence Day (Mexico)18日智利独立日Independence Day (CHILE)22日马里宣布独立日Proclamation of Independence(MALI)30日博茨瓦纳独立日Independence Day(BOTSWANA)10月1日塞浦路斯国庆日National Day (CYPRUS)尼日利亚国庆日National Day (NIGERIA)2日几内亚宣布独立日Proclamation of the Republic(GUINEA)9日乌干达独立日Independence Day (UGANDA)10日斐济国庆日National Day (FIJI)12日西班牙国庆日National Day (SPAIN)赤道几内牙国庆节National Day (EquatorialGuinea)21日索马里十月革命节21st October Revolution(SOMALIA)24日联合国日UN Day赞比来独立日Independence Day (ZAMBIA)26日奥地利国庆日National Day (AUSTRIA)28日希腊国庆节National Day (Greece)29日土耳其共和国日Proclamation of the Republic(TURKEY)11 月1日阿尔及里亚11月革命节The Revolution Day of1st November, 1954 (ALGERIA)11日安哥拉独立节Independence Day (Angola)15日比利时国王日King's Day (BELGIUM)18日阿曼国庆日National Day (OMAN)19日摩纳哥国庆节National Day (Monaco)22日黎巴嫩独立日Independence Day (LEBANON)24日扎伊尔第二共和国日Anniversary of the SecondRepublic (ZAIRE)28日毛里塔尼亚独立日Independence Day(MARITANIA)29日南斯拉夫共和国日Republic Day(YUGOSLAVIA)12 月1日中非国庆日National Day (CENTRAL AFRICA) 2日老挝国庆日National Day (LAOS)阿拉伯酋长国国庆日National Day (UAE)5日泰国国王日Birthday Anniversary of His Majesty King Adolyadej (THAILAND)6日芬兰独立日Independence Day (FINLAND)7日象牙海岸国庆日National Day (IVORY COAST) 12日肯尼亚独立日Independence Day (KENYA)17日不丹国庆节National Day (Bhutan)18日尼日尔国庆日National Day (NIGER)28日尼泊尔国王生日Birthday of H.M. King Birendara中国节日的英译元旦New Year' s Day Jan.1国际劳动妇女节International Working women' s Day(Women's Day)Mar.8国际劳动节I nternational Labor Day(May. Day) May.1中国青年节Chinese Youth Day May.4国际儿童节International Children's Day(Children's Day)June .1中国共产党诞生纪念日(党的生日) Anniversary of the Founding of the Chinese Communist Party (the Party' s Birthday)July .1建军节Army Day August .1教师节Teachers’ Day Sept.1国庆节National Day October.1中国传统节日春节the Spring Festival (New Year’s Day of the Chinese lunar calendar)农历正月初一元宵节(灯节)the Lantern Festival 农历正月十五清明节the Qingming Festival四月五日前后端午节the Dragon-Boat Festival农历五月初五中秋节the Mid-Autumn Festival (the MoonFestival)农历八月十五重阳节the Double-Ninth Day农历九月初九情人节the Double-Seventh Day农历七月初七三十六计(Thirty-Six Stratagems)1.瞒天过海crossing the sea under camouflage2.围魏救赵relieving the state of Zhao by besieging thestate of Wei3.借刀杀人killing someone with a borrowed knife4.以逸待劳waiting at one’s ease for the exhaustedenemy5.趁火打劫plundering a burning house6.声东击西making a feint to the east and attacking inthe west7.无中生有creating something out of nothing8.暗渡陈仓advancing secretly by an unknown path9.隔岸观火watching a fire from the other side of theriver10.笑里藏刀covering the dagger with a smile11.李代桃僵palming off substitute for the real thing12.顺手牵羊picking up something in passing13.打草惊蛇beating the grass to frighten the snake14.借尸还魂resurrecting a dead soul by borrowing acorpse15.调虎离山luring the tiger out of his den16.欲擒故纵letting the enemy off in order to catch him17.抛砖引玉giving the enemy something to induce himto lose more valuable things18.擒贼擒王capturing the ringleader first in order tocapture all the followers19.釜底抽薪extracting the firewood from under thecauldron20.混水摸鱼muddling the water to catch the fish;fishing in troubled waters21.金蝉脱壳slipping away by casting off a cloak;getting away like the cicada sloughing its skin22.关门捉贼catching the thief by closing / blocking hisescape route23.远交近攻befriending the distant enemy whileattacking a nearby enemy24.假途伐虢attacking the enemy by passing through acommon neighbor25.偷梁换柱stealing the beams and pillars andreplacing them with rotten timbers26.指桑骂槐reviling/ abusing the locust tree whilepointing to the mulberry27.假痴不癫feigning madness without becoming insane28.上屋抽梯removing the ladder after the enemy hasclimbed up the roof29.树上开花putting artificial flowers on trees30.反客为主turning from the guest into the host31.美人计using seductive women to corrupt the enemy32.空城计presenting a bold front to concealunpreparedness33.反间计sowing discord among the enemy34.苦肉计deceiving the enemy by torturing one’s ownman35.连环计coordinating one stratagem with another36.走为上decamping being the best; running away asthe best choice。

传统中国文化词汇英译

传统中国文化词汇英译

传统中国文化词汇英译元宵节 Lantern Festival刺绣 Embroidery重阳节 Double-Ninth Festival清明节 Tomb sweeping day剪纸 Paper Cutting书法 Calligraphy对联(Spring Festival)Couplets象形文字 Pictograms/Pictographic Characters 雄黄酒 Realgar wine四合院 Siheyuan/Quadrangle战国 Warring States风水 Fengshui/Geomantic Omen昆曲 Kunqu Opera长城 The Great Wall集体舞 Group Dance红白喜事 Weddings and Funerals中秋节 Mid-Autumn Day花鼓戏 Flower Drum Song儒家文化 Confucian Culture中国结 Chinese knotting古装片 Costume Drama武打片 Chinese Swordplay Movie元宵 Tangyuan/Sweet Rice Dumpling越剧 Yue Opera火锅 Hot Pot江南 South Regions of the Yangtze River谜语 Riddle《诗经》 The Book of Songs《史记》 Historical Records/Records of the Grand Historian 《红楼梦》A Dream of Red Mansions《西游记》 The Journey to the West除夕Chinese New Year’s Eve/Eve of the Spring Festival针灸 Acupuncture唐三彩 Tri-color Pottery of the TangDynasty/ The Tang Tri-colored pottery孔子 Confucius偏旁 Radical孟子 Mencius亭/阁 Pavilion/ Attic黄梅戏 Huangmei opera火药 Gunpowder农历 Lunar Calendar印/玺 Seal/Stamp腊八节 The laba Rice Porridge Festival京剧 Beijing Opera/Peking Opera秦腔 Crying of Qin People/Qin Opera太极拳 TaiChi《本草纲目》 Compendium of Materia Medica天坛 Altar of Heaven in Beijing红双喜 Double Happiness文房四宝(笔墨纸砚) The Four Treasure of the Study(Brush, Inkstick, Paper and Inkstone)春卷 Spring Roll(s)罗盘 Luopan/compass故宫博物院 The Palace Museum相声 Cross-talk/Comic Dialogue五行 Five Phases北京烤鸭 Beijing Roast Duck《桃花扇》 The Peach Blossom Fan木偶戏 Puppet Show敦煌莫高窟 Mogao Caves甲骨文 Oracle Bone Inions古筝 Chinese Zither杂技 acrobatics《水浒》Water Margin/Outlaws of the Marsh除夕 Chinese New Year's Eve国子监 Imperial Academy兵马俑 Cotta Warriors/ Terracotta Army旗袍 Cheongsam中国古代四大发明the four great inventions of ancient China 火药 gunpowder印刷术 printing造纸术paper-making指南针the compass泼水节Water-Splashing Day馄饨 Wonton花卷 Steamed twisted rolls羊肉泡馍 Pita Bread Soaked in Lamb Soup冰糖葫芦 A stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples, etc.)八宝饭 Eight-treasure rice pudding粉丝 Glass Noodles豆腐脑 Jellied bean curd小品 Witty Skits孝顺 To show filial obedience武术 Wushu(Chinese Martial Arts)宣纸 Rice Paper陶器 pottery/earthenware佛教 Buddhism中庸 The way of medium(Golden Means)爆竹 firecracker东坡肉 Dongpo Pork中山陵 The Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum秦淮河 Qinhuai River玄武湖 Xuanwu Lake夫子庙 The Confucian Temple鸭血粉丝 Duck blood fans盐水鸭 Yanshuiya, or salted and baked duck大煮干丝 Gansi小笼包 Steamed buns明孝陵 Ming Tomb云锦 Nanjing brocade中庸之道doctrine of the mean二十四节气24 solar terms民间工艺品folk arts and crafts炎黄子孙 a Chinese descendant/the Chinese nation 十二生肖Chinese Zodiac本命年one's animal year翰林院Imperial Academy年夜饭family reunion dinner红包red envelope/money given to children as a lunar New Year gift中山装Chinese tunic suit/Mao suit民俗庙会temple fair of folk custom。

中国特色词汇及其英译

中国特色词汇及其英译

宣纸rice paper衙门yamen叩头kowtow孔子Confucius牌楼pailou;pai-loo武术wushu(Chinese Martial Arts)功夫kungfu ;kung fu中庸the way of medium (cf. Golden Means)中和harmony (zhonghe)孝顺to show filial obedience孝子dutiful son家长family head三纲:君为臣纲,父为子纲,夫为妻纲three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son, husband guides wife五常:仁、义、理、智、信five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity八股文eight-legged essays多子多福:The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness养儿防老:raising sons to support one in one's old ageThe 24 Solar Terms:立春Spring begins.雨水The rains.惊蛰Insects awaken.春分Vernal Equinox清明Clear and bright.谷雨Grain rain.立夏Summer begins.小满Grain buds.芒种Grain in ear.夏至Summer solstice.小暑Slight heat.大暑Great heat.立秋Autumn begins.处暑Stopping the heat.白露White dews.秋分Autumn Equinox.寒露Cold dews.霜降Hoar-frost falls.立冬Winter begins.小雪Light snow.大雪Heavy snow.冬至Winter Solstice.小寒Slight cold.大寒Great cold戏剧表演Theatrical Performances京剧人物脸谱types of facial makeup in Beijing opera 生male characters末middle-aged male characters净“painted face” characters旦female characters丑clown京剧票友amateur performer of Peking Opera木偶戏puppet show独角戏monodrama; one-man play皮影戏shadow play; leather-silhouette show折子戏opera highlights戏剧小品skit哑剧dumb show; mime; mummery; pantomime单口相声monologue comic talk双口相声witty dialogue口技vocal imitations; ventriloquisim说书monologue story-telling杂技acrobatic performance叠罗汉making a human pyramid特技stunt踩高跷stilt walk马戏circus performances神化人物Mythological Figures八仙the Eight Immortals嫦娥Chang’e (the Chinese moon godd ess)伏羲Fu Xi (God of Fishery and Husbandry)福禄寿三星the three gods of fortune, prosperity and longevity共工God of Water后羿Houyi (a legendary hero who shot down nine suns)黄帝Yellow Emperor夸父Kuafu (a fabled sun-chasing giant)女娲Goddess of Sky-patching盘古Pan Gu (creator of the universe)神农Patron of Agriculture禹Yu (the reputed founder of the Xia Dynasty)祝融God of Fire古代建筑Ancient Architecture塔pagoda琉璃塔glazed stupa舍利塔dagoba; sarira stupa (a pagoda for Buddhist relics)舍利子sarira remains from cremation of Buddha’s or saints’ body 喇嘛塔Lamaist pagoda楼storied buildings钟楼bell tower鼓楼drum tower阁pavilion烽火台beacon tower华表ornamental column牌坊memorial archway艺术及工艺Arts and Crafts版画engraving贝雕画shell carving picture彩塑painted sculpture瓷器porcelain; china刺绣embroidery雕刻carving宫灯palace lantern国画Chinese painting剪纸paper-cut景德镇瓷Jingdezhen porcelain景泰蓝cloisonné enamel蜡染batik麦秸画straw patchwork木/石/竹刻wood/stone/bamboo carving木刻画wood engraving泥人儿clay figure皮影shadow puppet漆画lacquer painting漆器lacquerware双面绣two-sided embroidery水墨画Chinese brush drawing; ink and wash painting檀香扇sandalwood fan唐三彩Tang tri-coloured pottery陶器pottery; earthenware图章seal拓碑making rubbings from inscriptions, pictures, etc. on stone tablets 拓片rubbing微雕miniature engraving象牙雕刻ivory carving宜兴陶Yixing pottery篆刻sealcutting中国特色词汇及其英译作者:未知文章来源:转载点击数:1300 时间:2010-12-29 18:33:50一、前言英语从它传入中国的第一天开始就发挥着强大的交流作用,同时也开始了在中国发展的过程。

中国历史文化常用词汇英译

中国历史文化常用词汇英译

中国历史文化常用词汇英译Confucianism 儒教/儒家思想Taoism 道教Buddhism佛教temple寺庙Confucius孔子Mencius孟子Lao Tzu老子ethics伦理学morality 道德benevolence 仁(仁慈,善行)spiritual 精神的harmony 和谐The Analects of Confucius《论语》The Art of War《孙子兵法》Historical Records《史记》Historical Records《史记》zodiac十二生肖feudal封建的dynasty 朝代emperor;monarch皇帝,君主rein 统治(时期)royal 皇家的Tang Princess Wencheng 文成公主Empress Dowager Ci Xi慈禧太后prime minister丞相,宰相ethnic minority少数民族offer sacrifices 祭祀the Western Regions西域cradle of civilization文明的摇篮the Reform Movement of 1898 戌戌变法the Opium War 鸦片战争the War of Resistance Against Japan抗日战争Lunar calendar阴历Fengshui;geomantic omen风水calligraphy书法copybook 字帖Chinese character 汉字pictographic characters象形文字Mandarin (中国)普通话dialect 方言Chinese traditional painting 国画ink-wash painting 水墨画landscape painting 山水画mount裱scroll卷轴figure人物pavilion 阁,亭writing brush 毛笔ink 墨Xuan paper宣纸ink stone 砚台 A Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival清明上河图mural painting 壁画clay figure泥人folk art 民间艺术craftsman 工匠Beijing Opera 京剧facial make-up 脸谱costume 服装acrobatics杂技cross-talk 相声clapper talk快板storytelling评书Xiaopin小品Puppet show木偶剧shadow play 皮影戏zither古筝Tai Chi太极the four great inventions of ancient China 中国古代四大发明the Silk Road丝绸之路compass 指南针papermaking 造纸术gunpowder火药printing 印刷术movable type printing活字印刷fleet 舰队voyage航海traditional Chinese medicine 中药acupuncture 针灸medical massage推拿herbal medicine草药abacus 算盘bronze ware 青铜器porcelain 瓷器seismograph 地动仪Go/ the game of go 围棋martial arts (Wushu)武术fireworks 烟花firecracker鞭炮statutory holiday 法定假日Spring Festival 春节The Spring Festival Gala on CCTV春节联欢晚会gift of money wrapped in red paper 红包New Year gift-money压岁钱family reunion团圆Lantern Festival元宵节Dragon Boat Festival 端午节sticky rice dumplings粽子Mid-autumn Festival 中秋节moon cake 月饼the Double Seventh Festival 七夕Spring Festival couplets 对联temple fair庙会festival lantern花灯lantern riddle灯谜God of Wealth 财神dumpling 饺子dragon boat race 龙舟赛dragon and lion dance 狮子龙灯舞stilt walking踩高跷dragon boat race赛龙舟kite flying 放风筝Yanggo dance 秧歌舞Chinese cuisine中国菜color色aroma香taste , flavor 味chopsticks 筷子Sichuan cuisine川菜soybean milk 豆浆deep-fried dough sticks油条steamed buns 馒头steamed twisted rolls花卷steamed stuffed buns包子Beijing roast duck北京烤鸭hand-stretched noodles拉面hot pot火锅tofu 豆腐instant noodles 方便面wood-cut block print 木刻版画papercutting, paper-cuts 剪纸Chinese Spring Festival Paintings年画cloisonne 景泰蓝embroidery刺绣Suzhou embroider y苏绣batik 蜡染pattern 图案decorate v. 装饰decoration n. 装饰Chinese tunic suit 中山装cheongsam (qipao ) 旗袍Tang-style costume 唐装feature 特色unique to China 中国特有的characteristic 特点the Imperial Palace故宫the Forbidden City 紫禁城Beijing quadrangles北京四合院hutong胡同the Temple of Heaven 天坛The Summer Palace 颐和园the Great Wall 长城drum tower鼓楼the Terra-cotta Army of the First Emperor of Qin兵马俑the Mausoleum of Emperor Huangdi黄帝陵scenery, landscape 风景place of interests名胜tourist attraction/resort 观光胜地sightsee v. 观光,游览Mount Huangshan 黄山the Jiuzhaigou Valley 九寨沟the Mogao Caves 莫高窟giant panda 大熊猫rare 珍稀的bamboo竹子endangered 濒临灭绝的preserve 保存,保护,保护区。

中国特色文化词英译

中国特色文化词英译




c.今儿我听了他的短儿,一时人急造反,狗急跳墙,不但 生事,而且我还没趣。(第二十七回)

Y: “Desperation drives men to rebel and a dog to jump over a wall.” If she thinks I know her secret there may be trouble, and that would be awkward for me. (Chapter 27)


民族象征

the Chinese dragon


龙的东西方差异
汉译英时的增省

Beowulf

Isabellla: It's a brother's duty, dear Edgar, to introduce his sister to some other type than fops and pale young poets. Edgar: Oh, you want a dragon? Isabella: Yes, I do. With a fiery mustache. (Wuthering Heights)
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ

d.狗嘴里还有象牙不成。(第四十二回) Y: One doesn’t expect ivory from a dog’s mouth. (Chapter 42) H: One doesn’t expect ivory from a dog’s mouth. (Chapter 42)



e.我不过看着太太的面上,你又有几岁年纪,叫你一声 “妈妈”,你就狗仗人势,天天作耗,在我们跟前逞脸。 (第七十四回) Y: It’s only for Her Ladyship’s sake and because you’re old that I call you “nurse”, but like a dog counting on its master’s backing you’re always making trouble. (Chapter 74) H: It seems that the respect that I and the others show you, even though it is only for Her Ladyship’s sake and out of consideration for your age, merely encourages you to make mischief for us and abuse your borrowed powers. That, in all conscience, is hard enough to bear. But now, to lay hands on me - that is really too much! (Chapter 74)

中国传统文化词汇中英互译

中国传统文化词汇中英互译

中国传统文化词汇中英互译1. 元宵节: Lantern Festival2. 刺绣:embroidery3. 重阳节:Double-Ninth Festival4. 清明节:Tomb sweeping day5. 剪纸:Paper Cutting6. 书法:Calligraphy7. 对联:(Spring Festival) Couplets8. 象形文字:Pictograms/Pictographic Characters9. 人才流动:Brain Drain/Brain Flow10. 四合院:Siheyuan/Quadrangle11. 战国:Warring States12. 风水:Fengshui/Geomantic Omen13. 铁饭碗:Iron Bowl14. 函授部:The Correspondence Department15. 集体舞:Group Dance16. 黄土高原:Loess Plateau17. 红白喜事:Weddings and Funerals18. 中秋节:Mid-Autumn Day19. 结婚证:Marriage Certificate20. 儒家文化:Confucian Culture21. 附属学校:Affiliated school22. 古装片:Costume Drama23. 武打片:Chinese Swordplay Movie24. 元宵:Tangyuan/Sweet Rice Dumpling (Soup)25. 一国两制:One Country, Two Systems26. 火锅:Hot Pot27. 四人帮:Gang of Four28. 《诗经》:The Book of Songs29. 素质教育:Essential-qualities-oriented Education30. 《史记》:Historical Records/Records of the Grand Historian31. 大跃进:Great Leap Forward (Movement)32. 《西游记》:The Journey to the West33. 除夕:Chinese New Year’s Eve/Eve of the Spring Festival34. 针灸:Acupuncture35. 唐三彩:Tri-color Pottery of the Tang Dynasty/ The Tang Tri-colored pottery36. 中国特色的社会主义:Chinese-charactered Socialist/Socialist with Chinese characteristics37. 偏旁:radical38. 孟子:Mencius39. 亭/阁: Pavilion/ Attic40. 大中型国有企业:Large and Medium-sized State-owned Enterprises41. 火药:gunpowder42. 农历:Lunar Calendar43. 印/玺:Seal/Stamp44. 物质精神文明建设:The Construction of Material Civilization and Spiritual Civilization45. 京剧:Beijing Opera/Peking Opera46. 秦腔:Crying of Qin People/Qin Opera47. 太极拳:Tai Chi48. 独生子女证:The Certificate of One-child49. 天坛:Altar of Heaven in Beijing50. 小吃摊:Snack Bar/Snack Stand51. 红双喜:Double Happiness52. 政治辅导员:Political Counselor/School Counselor53. 春卷:Spring Roll(s)54. 莲藕:Lotus Root55. 追星族:Star Struck56. 故宫博物院:The Palace Museum57. 相声:Cross-talk/Comic Dialogue58. 下岗:Lay off/Laid off59. 北京烤鸭:Beijing Roast Duck60. 高等自学考试:Self-taught Examination of Higher Education61. 烟花爆竹:fireworks and firecracker62. 敦煌莫高窟:Mogao Caves63. 电视小品:TV Sketch/TV Skit64. 香港澳门同胞:Compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao65. 文化大革命:Cultural Revolution66. 长江中下游地区:The Mid-low Reaches of Yangtze River67. 门当户对:Perfect Match/Exact Match68. 《水浒》:Water Margin/Outlaws of the Marsh69. 中外合资企业:Joint Ventures70. 文房四宝(笔墨纸砚):"The Four Treasure of the Study" "Brush, Inkstick, Paper, and Inkstone"71.兵马俑:cotta Warriors/ Terracotta Army72.旗袍:cheongsam翻译中的黄金词组一、政治类:1. 日益昌盛become increasingly prosperous2. 快速发展develop rapidly3. 隆重集会gather ceremoniously4. 热爱和平love peace5. 追求进步pursue progress6. 履行权利和义务perform the responsibilities and obligations7. 回顾奋斗历程review the course of struggle8. 展望伟大征程look into the great journey9. 充满信心和力量be filled with confidence and strength10. 必胜be bound to win11. 主张各国政府采取行动urge governments of all countries to takeaction12. 和平共处coexist peacefully13. 对内开放和对外开放open up both externally and internally14. 经历两个不同时期experience two different periods15. 战胜无数的困难overcome numerous difficulties16. 赢得一个又一个胜利win one victory after another17. 完全意识到be fully aware that18. 迈出重要的一步make an important step19. 采取各种措施adopt various measures20. 得出结论,告一段落draw ( arrive at, come to reach ) a conclusion21. 实现民族独立realize national independence22. 追求真理seek the truth23. 建立社会主义制度establish a socialist system24. 根除(防止,消除)腐败root out (prevent, eliminate) corruption25. 响应号召respond to the call26. 进入新时期enter a new period27. 实行新政策practice new policies28. 展现生机和活力display one’s vigor and vitality29. 增强综合国力enhance comprehensive(overall) national strength and和国际竟争力international competitiveness30. 进入世界先进行列edge into the advanced ranks in the world31. 解决温饱问题solve the problem of food and clothing32. 吸收各国文明的先进成果absorb what is advanced in other civilizations33. 与日俱增increase every day34. 实现夙愿fulfill the long-cherished wishes35. 必将实现be bound to come true36. 锻造一支人民军队forge a people’s army37. 建立巩固的国防build a strong national defense38. 进行和谈hold peace talks39. 修改法律amend the laws40. 在...中起(至关)play a major的(crucial, an important ) role in重要作用41. 对...做出重要(巨大)贡献make important (great, major )contributions to42. 遵循规则follow the principles43. 把理论和实际结合起来integrate theory with practice …44. 把...作为指导take… as the guide45. 缓和紧张状况ease the tension46. 高举伟大旗帜hold high the great banner47. 解决新问题resolve new problems48. 观察当今世界observe the present-day world49. 开拓前进open up new ways forward50. 增强凝聚力enhance the rally power51. 结束暴力,开始和平谈判end the violence and resume peace talks52. 进行战略性调整make strategic readjustment53. 开始生效go into effect / enter into force54. 就...接受妥协accept a compromise on55. 接受...的采访be interviewed by56. 把……看成社会公敌look upon … as a threat to society57. 把……捐给慈善机构donate …to charities58. 维护世界和平maintain world peace59. 摆脱贫穷落后get rid of poverty and backwardness60. 实现发展繁荣bring about development and prosperity61. 反对各种形式的恐怖主义be opposed to all forms of terrorism62. 宣布。

常见词语英译 文化类

常见词语英译 文化类

常见词语英译文化类country thr文化自觉cultural self-awareness文化人才the talented pool for cultural development文化复兴 a cultural renaissance文化生产力cultural productive forces文化软实力cultural soft powe r民族凝聚力national cohesion加强诚信建设to promote integrity in the civil society文化体制改革cultural system reform国家荣誉制度the national awards system文化发展格局cultural development framework文化惠民工程 a cultural project benefiting the people外向型文化企业outward-oriented cultural enterprises公益性文化事业non-profit cultural undertaking经营性文艺演出commercial theatrical performance社会主义荣辱观socialist values of honor and disgrace“文化兴国战略” the strategy of invigorating China through culture公共文化服务体系civil cultural service system文化行政管理体制cultural administrative system先进的社会主义文化advanced socialist culture社会主义核心价值体系system of socialist code values建设社会主义文化强国to build a strong nation of socialist culture保障人民基本文化权益to guarantee people’s basic cultural rights and interests深化国有文化单位改革to deepen the reform of state-owned cultural institutes做大做强新闻传媒产业to make a healthy and powerful news media industry发展健康向上的网络文化to develop a healthy Internet culture经营性文化单位转企改制the transformation of state-owned cultural institutes建设优秀传统文化传承体系to establish a system for passing on China’s splendid traditional culture 中国特色社会主义共同理想the common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics寻求解决文化问题的政治路径to seek a political resolution to cultural issues加强职业道德建设和作风建设to cultivate professional ethics and elegant manners人民喜闻乐见的优秀文艺作品excellent literal and artistic works popular with the masses贴近实际、贴近生活、贴近群众close to reality, close to life, and close to the people营造良好的文化环境create a healthy cultural environment开展对外文化交流conduct cultural exchange with other countries博采各国文化之长draw on strong points of the cultures of other countries继承历史文化优秀传统carry on the fine cultural traditions handed from history尊重知识,尊重人才respect knowledge and respect competent people向世界展示中国文化建设的成就introduce China's achievements of cultural advancement to the world 提倡文明的生活方式advocate civilized lifestyle(way of life)推动人类文明进步push forward human civilization对……持欢迎态度take a welcoming attitude to与各国人民交往communicate with people of all countries促进儿童身心健康发展promote the healthy development of children both physically and mentally保护文化遗产protect (preserve) cultural heritage列为世界自然文化遗产list as a world natural heritage增强自我保护意识strengthen one's awareness of protecting one's right以全新的面貌进入新世纪enter the new century with a brand-new colorful look提高公务员的综合素质improve the overall quality of civil servants举办文化节/展览会hold cultural festivals/an exhibition承担应有的义务undertake the due obligations促进相互了解enhance mutual understanding相互促进help each other forward反映中国的灿烂文化reflect the rich culture of China有力地推动教育的发展give a big push to the development of education承前启后,继往开来build on the past and prepare for the future inherit the past and usher in the future 物质文明,精神文明一起抓pay equal attention to the material progress and cultural progress消除愚昧eliminate ignorance扫除文盲eliminate(wipe out)illiteracy营造良好的文化环境create a healthy cultural environment促进文化市场健康发展facilitate the sound development of the markets for cultural products开展对外文化交流conduct cultural exchange with other countries开展群众性文化活动carry out mass activities on culture繁荣文学艺术enable literature and art to flourish举行每年一次的学术会议hold an annual academic meeting向世界展示中国文化建设的成就introduce China’s achievements of cultural advancement to the world加强文化基础设施建设build more cultural establishments提倡文明的生活方式advocate civilized lifestyle (way of life)不注重历史neglect history推动人类文明进步push forward human civilization提高自我保护意识raise one’s awareness of protecting one’s right承担应有的义务undertake the due obligations互派访问学者exchange visiting scholars交换意见exchange views (ideas, opinions)发挥...的聪明才智take advantage of one’s talents and wisdom充分发挥知识分子的积极性和创造性bring the intellectuals' enthusiasm and creativity into full play重视实用性place stress on practicality制止盗版软件control / crack down on the pirated software有力地推动文化的发展effectively push to the development of cultural。

英语笔译实务 3级配套训练 第十三单元_文化 主题相关英汉词语_英译汉

英语笔译实务 3级配套训练 第十三单元_文化 主题相关英汉词语_英译汉
第十三单元
✦ 主题相关英汉词语


culture industry culture shock culture conflict the clash of civilization cultrue craze culture gap mainstream culture white-collar culture tourism culture campus culture wine culture counter-cultrue a culture opposed to the dominant norms double personality urban folk rhyme the World Cultural and Natural Heritage a long cultural tradition literay and artistic creation literay or art criticism cops-and-robber movie; police story undercover cop / agent / detective; secret agent Mafia-style organization; gangland; underworld gang rape; gang-bang; group raping Viagra (vigor+Niagara) fashion show / model / designer modeling competition; catwalk competition the catwalk T beauty contest beauty queen Miss America
文化产业 文化休克 文化冲突 文明冲突 文化热 文化鸿沟 主流文化 白领文化 旅游文化 校园文化 酒文化 反文化 反主流文化 双重人格 城市民谣 世界文化与自然遗产 人文历史悠久 文艺创作 文艺批评 警匪片 卧底;线人 黑社会;黑手党 轮奸 伟哥 时装表演/模特/设计师 模特大赛 T型台 选美赛 选美赛王后(冠军) 美国小姐

中国传统文化英文翻译

中国传统文化英文翻译

1. 元宵节:Lantern Festival2. 刺绣:embroidery3. 重阳节:Double-Ninth Festival4. 清明节:Tomb sweeping day5. 剪纸:Paper Cutting6. 书法:Calligraphy7. 对联:(Spring Festival) Couplets8. 象形文字:Pictograms/Pictographic Characters9. 人才流动:Brain Drain/Brain Flow10. 四合院:Siheyuan/Quadrangle11. 战国:Warring States12. 风水:Fengshui/Geomantic Omen13. 铁饭碗:Iron Bowl14. 函授部:The Correspondence Department15. 集体舞:Group Dance16. 黄土高原:Loess Plateau17. 红白喜事:Weddings and Funerals18. 中秋节:Mid-Autumn Day19. 结婚证:Marriage Certificate20. 儒家文化:Confucian Culture21. 附属学校:Affiliated school22. 古装片:Costume Drama23. 武打片:Chinese Swordplay Movie24. 元宵:Tangyuan/Sweet Rice Dumpling (Soup)25. 一国两制:One Country, Two Systems26. 火锅:Hot Pot27. 四人帮:Gang of Four28. 《诗经》:The Book of Songs29. 素质教育:Essential-qualities-oriented Education30. 《史记》:Historical Records/Records of the Grand Historian31. 大跃进:Great Leap Forward (Movement)32. 《西游记》:The Journey to the West33. 除夕:Chinese New Year’s Eve/Eve of the Spring Festival34. 针灸:Acupuncture35. 唐三彩:Tri-color Pottery of the Tang Dynasty/ The Tang Tri-colored pottery36. 中国特色的社会主义:Chinese-charactered Socialist/Socialist with Chinese characteristics37. 偏旁:radical38. 孟子:Mencius39. 亭/阁:Pavilion/ Attic40. 大中型国有企业:Large and Medium-sized State-owned Enterprises41. 火药:gunpowder42. 农历:Lunar Calendar43. 印/玺:Seal/Stamp44. 物质精神文明建设:The Construction of Material Civilization and Spiritual Civilization45. 京剧:Beijing Opera/Peking Opera46. 秦腔:Crying of Qin People/Qin Opera47. 太极拳:Tai Chi48. 独生子女证:The Certificate of One-child49. 天坛:Altar of Heaven in Beijing50. 小吃摊:Snack Bar/Snack Stand51. 红双喜:Double Happiness52. 政治辅导员:Political Counselor/School Counselor53. 春卷:Spring Roll(s)54. 莲藕:Lotus Root55. 追星族:Star Struck56. 故宫博物院:The Palace Museum57. 相声:Cross-talk/Comic Dialogue58. 下岗:Lay off/Laid off59. 北京烤鸭:Beijing Roast Duck60. 高等自学考试:Self-taught Examination of Higher Education61. 烟花爆竹:fireworks and firecracker62. 敦煌莫高窟:Mogao Caves63. 电视小品:TV Sketch/TV Skit64. 香港澳门同胞:Compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao65. 文化大革命:Cultural Revolution66. 长江中下游地区:The Mid-low Reaches of Yangtze River67. 门当户对:Perfect Match/Exact Match68. 《水浒》:Water Margin/Outlaws of the Marsh69. 中外合资企业:Joint Ventures70. 文房四宝(笔墨纸砚):"The Four Treasure of the Study" "Brush, Inkstick, Paper, and Inkstone"源地址:/GetEntry.do?id=722406948&owner=222638397。

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文化负载词分类
• 美国著名翻译理论家奈达(Nida)将文化负载词 分为以下几类:
• 生态文化(ecological culture) • 物质文化(material culture) • 社会文化(social culture) • 宗教文化(religious culture) • 语言文化(linguistic culture
“八字”即生辰八字,负载了中国习俗文化特色。生辰八字用天干地支 表示人出生的年、月、日时,合起来是八个字。迷信的人认为根据生 辰八字可以推算出一个人命运好坏。由于中西文化的巨大差异造成了 “八字”这个词汇在译语中的语义空缺。这里译者采用了“文化替换” (cultural substitution)的方法,即以目的语中富于文化色彩或内 涵的意象来代替源语中特有的意象。将“八字”译为“horoscope” (即占星术,是指根据某一特定时刻行星与恒星的位置制成的天宫图 来进行预言,例如预言一个人的未来)。
中国位于东半球,西部是高山,东邻大海。这种地理位置使得秋冬 天西风吹起时,气候干冷。所以,西风在汉语文化中常指秋冬肃杀的 冷风,多用来比喻凄凉、清冷,有时还比喻为日趋没落的腐朽势力, 具有一种贬义。如:马致远《天净沙·秋思》中有:古道、西风、瘦 马。
相反,英国位于西半球,岛屿西邻大西洋,东部是欧洲大陆,当来 自大西洋的西风吹起时,英国正是万物复苏的季节,是春天来临的象 征,因此在英语文化中,西风是希望和力量的象征。如著名英国浪漫 主义诗人雪莱名诗《西风颂》(Ode to the West Wind) 正是体现 了这一意义。
结语
文化负载词在文学翻译中起着举足轻重的作用,文学翻译 及英汉民族文学作品交流的成败很大程度上取决于文化负 载词的处理。我们从对以上五种文化负载词的翻译讨论了 直译(加注)、音译(加注)、意译(加注)、文化替换 等翻译方法。
文化负载词的翻译要求译者在准确恰当地理解他国文化中 的信仰、习俗审美价值观等方面的同时,忠实地传达本国 文化的精髓与灵魂,才能真正做到不同文化的交流。
According to Mrs. Chou, the Changs had asked for Hung- chien’s horoscope and requested a fortuneteller to match it with Miss Chang’s. The forecast for the couple was “A union made in heaven,full of fortune and prosperity.”
论《围城》文化负载词的翻译
钱钟书的小说《围城》,被誉为中国现代 文学中“最伟大的一部”,向我们展现了20 世纪前 半期半殖民地半封建社会的中国土壤中孽生出来 的畸形知识分子群,揭露了造成这类人沉沦的社 会环境。小说涉及到了文化的方方面面,溶入了许 多极具中国传统文化特色的词语,它们构成了小 说的一大特色。
但是笔者认为在这里采取这种处理方法会引起英语读者对源语中“八 字”词汇意义上的严重扭曲,同时也失去了其文化色彩。笔者认为将 “八字”直译为“Eight Characters about his birth”,并加注对 “Eight Characters”做出解释的方法更为妥当。可以附上“Eight Characters:in four pairs,with each pair consisting of one Heavenly Stem and one Earthly Branch,indicating the year,month,day and hour of one's birth,used formerly in fortune-telling”,这样,一方面传达了源语 的词汇内容,同时又恰如其分地将源语文化负载词汇中的文化因素传 达出来。
参考文献
• 史晓南. (河南省化学工业学校,河南郑州) 汉英文化负载词翻译策略探讨
• 张秀荣. ( 鲁东大学大学外语教学部,山东 烟台)论《围城》文化负载词的翻译
Thanks For Your Attention
物质文化词
物质文化是指一个民族的经济生活和日用 物品、生产工具和设施以及科学技术等等 的件。世界各民族生活习惯不同,所用的 物质产品也会有很大的差异。
例2:那男孩子的母亲已有三十开外,穿件半旧的黑纱旗 袍,满面劳碌困倦,加上天生的倒挂眉毛,愈觉得愁苦可 怜。
The toddler’s mother,already in her thirties,was wearing an old black chiffon Chinese dress,a face marked by toil and weariness,her slanting downward eyebrows made her look
很显然,通过上述分析我们知道,西风与west wind虽然概念意义 相同,但由于生态环境的不同联想意义有着很大的差别。另外,文中 吃西风即喝西北风,是指没有东西吃,挨饿。此句中,将西风直译为 west wind,只能让译语读者感到茫然和困惑。在这种直译行不通又 没有对应说法的情况下,意译为“having nothing to eat”也是一 种准确传达源语信息的不可避免的手段。
even more miserable.
Note:The Chinese dress refers to ch’i- p’ao,which has a
high collar that usually fits close to the neck.
旗袍,是中国女性的传统袍服,是典型的汉语文化词汇。 这种蕴含着丰富中国文化内涵的词汇,在英语中没有对应 的词汇,这就出现了词汇空缺现象。对这个词汇的处理作 者采用了直译并加注的翻译方法。但笔者认为音译并加注 这种方法更确切,因为这种译法不仅便于译语读者想象出 旗袍的形象,并能保留源语文化色彩。
例8:以后飞机接连光顾,大有绝世佳人一顾倾城、再顾 倾国的风度。
Later,the plane kept coming in much the same manner as the peerless beauty whose “one glance could conquer a city and whose second glance could vanquish an empire.” Note:An expression which describe superlative beauty;it is equivalent to Helen of Troy in Western literature.
宗教文词
宗教文化是人类文化中一个重要的组成部 分,是由不同民族文化背景下的宗教信仰、 价值观念和形态形成的,主要表现为不同 民族的崇尚心理和言语行为等方面的差异, 从而产生跨文化交际的隔阂和语言翻译上 的障碍。
例5:“辛楣一来,就像阎王派的勾魂使者,你什么都不 管了。”
“As soon as Hsin- mei got here as though he were a messenger sent by the King of Hades,you became oblivious
社会文化词
一个民族的传统、习俗、生活方式、社会 活动的特点和形式以及对个人、社会和阶 层的习惯称谓等都属于社会文化的范畴。 不同的社会有不同的历史背景、政治特色、 习俗文化和称谓方式,这便形成了独具民 族特色的社会文化词语。
例4:据周太太说,张家把他八字要去了,请算命人排过,跟他们小姐 的命“天作之合,大吉大利”。
文化词语英译
重庆工商大学 李百凌
目录
一、文化负载词的含义 二、文化负载词分类 三、论《围城》文化负载词的翻译
文化负载词的含义
• 语言(Language)不仅是人类思想感情表达与交流的工具, 而且是文化的载体,是文化的重要组成部分。语言能真切 地反映一个国家、一个民族的生态地域、物质文化、宗教 信仰、风俗习惯等。不同的语言决定了不同民族的不同思 维方式、行为方式以及语言表达方式。因此,语言中不可 避免地存在着巨大的文化差异, 进而产生了一定数量的文 化负载词。
生态文化词
文化是在特定的生态环境下形成和发展的,不同 地域有不同的文化。生态文化包括一个民族的地 理环境、气候特点、地名等等。由于地理位置、 生态环境的不同和生存地域的差别,造成了中西 方民族认知上的差异,从而形成了各自独特的文 化。即便是同一事物,在中西方文化中引起的联 想也未必一致,有时甚至截然相反。
to everything else.”
佛教称管地狱的神为阎王,而Hades 是希腊神话中冥界之 神,同时也指冥界或地狱。由于在英语中找不到与“阎王” 完全对等的词汇,译者采用了与其概念意义不尽相同但文 化意义有所接近的词汇“the king of Hades”来代换了,这 种“文化替换”巧妙地传达了“阎王”的真实含义。但 “勾魂使者”被翻译成“the messenger”则丧失了原有的 文化信息。为了向译语读者传达源语的文化形象,弥补流 失的文化信息,译者采用了加注的方法(注: someone
例1:仿佛洋车夫辛辛苦苦把坐车人拉到了饭店,依然拖 着空车子吃西风,别想跟他进去吃。
It was like the rickshaw boy who pulls his passenger up to a restaurant after much pain and effort,and then is still left to drag along his empty rickshaw,feeding on the west wind, with never a thought of going in to eat with him.
句中“一顾倾城、再顾倾国”直译为“one glance could conquer a city and whose second glance could vanquish an empire”。为了让译语读者能欣赏到原著的语言艺术, 译者采取了直译法将一个绝世美人形象和敌机接连轰炸的 庞大气势含蓄完整地传达给译语读者,同时为了在译文读 者中再现这种“倾国倾城”的绝世佳人形象,译者采取了 加注的方法以进一步解释。
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