西南科技大学研究生精读教程第三版上1.2.5.7单元习题整理版
(完整版)研究生英语阅读教程第三版课文Lesson1
Lesson 1 Spillonomics: Underestimating Risk[1] In retrospect, the pattern seems clear. Years before the Deepwater Horizon rig blew, BP was developing a reputation as an oil company that took safety risks to save money. An explosion at a Texas refinery killed 15 workers in 2005, and federal regulators and a panel led by James A. BakerⅢ, the former secretary of state, said that cost cutting was partly to blame. The next year, a corroded pipeline in Alaska poured oil into Prudhoe Bay. None other than Joe Barton, a Republican congressman from Texas and a global-warming skeptic, upbraided BP managers for their “seeming indifference to safety and environmental issues”.[2] Much of this indifference stemmed from an obsession with profits, come what may. But there also appears to have been another factor, one more universally human, at work. The people running BP did a dreadful job of estimating the true chances of events that seemed unlikely—but that would bring enormous costs.[3] Perhaps the easiest way to see this is to consider what BP executives must be thinking today. Surely, given the expense of the clean-up and the hit to BP’s reputation, the executives wish they could go back and spend the extra money to make Deepwater Horizon safer. That they did not suggests that they figured the rig would be fine an itwas.[4]For all the criticism BP executives may deserve, they are far from the only people to struggle with such low-probability, high-cost events. Nearly everyone does. “These are precisely the kinds of events that are hard for us as humans to get our hands around and react to rationally, ”Robert N. Stavins, an environmental economist at Harvard, says. We make two basic—and opposite—types of mistakes. When an event is difficult to imagine, we tend to underestimate its likelihood. This is the proverbial black swan. Most of the people running Deepwater Horizon probably never had a rig explode on them. So they assumed it would not happen , at least not to them.[5] Similarly, Ben Bernanke and Alan Greenspan liked to argue, not so long ago, that the national real estate market was not in a bubble because it had never been in one before. Wall Street traders took the same view and built mathematical models that did not allow for the possibility that house prices would decline. And may home buyers signed up for unaffordable mortgages, believing they could refinance or sell the house once its price rose. That’s what house prices did, it seemed.[6]On the other hand, when an unlikely event is all too easy to imagine, we often go in the opposite direction and overestimate the odds. After the 9/11 attacks, Americans canceled plane trips and took to the road. There were no terrorist attacks in this country in 2002, yet theadditional driving apparently led to an increase in traffic fatalities.[7]When the stakes are high enough, it falls to government to help its citizens avoid these entirely human errors. The market, left to its own devices, often cannot do so. Yet in the case of Deepwater Horizon, government policy actually went the other way. It encouraged BP to underestimate the odds of a catastrophe.[8] In a little-noticed provision in a 1990 law passed after the Exxon Valdez spill, Congress capped a spiller’s liability over and above cleanup costs at $7500 million for a rig spill. Even if the party is on the hook for only $7500 million. (In this instance, BP has agreed to waive the cap for claims it deems legitimate. ) Michael Greenstone, an M.I.T. economist who runs the Hamilton Project in Washington, says the law fundamentally distorts a company’s decision making. Without the cap, executives would have to weigh the possible revenue from a well against the cost of drilling there and the risk of damage. With the cap, they can largely ignore the potential damage beyond cleanup costs. So they end up drilling wells even in places where the damage can be horrific, like close to a shoreline. To put it another way, human frailty helped BP’s executives underestimate the chance of a low-probability, high-cost event. Federal law helped them underestimate the costs.[9] In the wake of Deepwater Horizon, Congress and Obama administration will no doubt be tempted to pass laws meant to reducethe risks of another deep-water disaster. Certainly there are some sensible steps they can take, like lifting the liability cap and freeing regulators from the sway of industry. But it would be foolish to think that the only risks we are still underestimating are the ones that have suddenly become salient.[10]The big financial risk is no longer a housing bubble. Instead, it may be the huge deficits that the growth of Medicare, Medicaid and Social Security will cause in coming years—and the possibility that lender will eventually become nervous about extending credit to Washington. True, some economists and policy makers insist the country should not get worked up about this possibility, because lenders have never soured on the Unite States government before and show no signs of doing so now. but isn’t that reminiscent of the old Bernanke-Greenspan tune about the housing market?[11]Then, of course, there are the greenhouse gases that oil wells ( among other things) send into the atmosphere even when the wells function properly. Scientists say the buildup of these gases is already likely to warm the planet by at least three degrees over the next century and cause droughts, storms and more ice-cap melting. The researcher’s estimates have risen recently, too, and it is also possible the planet could get around 12 degree hotter. That kind of could flood major cities and cause parts of Antarctica to collapse.[12]Nothing like that has ever happened before. Even imagining it is difficult. It is much easier to hope that the odds of such an outcome are vanishingly small. In fact, it’s only natural to have this hope. But that doesn’t make it wise.。
精读教程教师参考书(第三版上)
Unit Ten
Unit Eleven
Unit Twelve
Unit One
►Text: You Are What You Think
编者 2008 年 4 月
使用说明
本书是《研究生英语精读教程》（上）的教师参考书第三版。内容包括 第一至第十二单元精读课文的语言点（ Language Points ）、重点词（ Word Study）、精读课文参考译文、练习答案和阶段测试答案。作者介绍（About the Author）一部分放在教师用书中，一部分放在学生用书中。 1．作者介绍：简略介绍作者生平及某些相关课文的背景知识。 2．语言点：主要是课文难点注释，其中包括理解难点和翻译表达难点，以 及句型、习语使用的例证。 3．重点词：均为常用词和短语。鉴于英语中一词的多义性、多词性和众多 的派生词，在处理重点词时，除着重阐明该词在本课文中的词义外，还适当拓宽 该词在其他方面的意义和用法。至于是否必须向学生讲解或何时讲解，则由教师 灵活掌握。 4. 提供的写作题范文，只是从一个方面体现了写作的要求，起一个抛砖引 玉的作用。教师可根据实际情况参考使用。 5. 练习量大，形式多样，难易搭配适中。教师可根据学生水平、各校课时 的多少，部分选用或全部使用。 6. 阶段测试（Mini-Tests）是根据《非英语专业硕士研究生英语学位课程 考试大纲》编写的。两份全真模拟统考试卷，既可用做复习材料，迎接英语学位 课程统考；也可用做期中考试试卷或学生自测试题，由教师自行决定。
研究生英语系列教材
研究生英语 精读教程
教师参考书
（第三版·上）
北京市高等教育学会研究生英语教学研究分会
主编 胡德康 刘利君 编者 王 敏 卢 莹 何宇光 刘利君 胡德康 姜文东 曹元寿 阚丽红
研究生英语精读教程第三版下课后习题
《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版下)中国人民大学出版社2019年下半学期第1.2.3.6.8.单元习题机械工程刘聪整理Vocabulary (20)、Cloze (15)、Reading Comprehension (30 scores) 、Translation (20 scores)、Writing (15 scores)Instructor Zheng Li 郑莉Unit One1. Considerable expertise is required to be a successful trial lawyer.A. know-howB. authorityC. prudenceD. resolution2. So it came about that even in ancient times tales of Moon voyages were written without any trace of magic and the earthiness of something that might be possible.A. footprintB. measurementC. remainderD. sign3. I’d like to come with you, but that’s not a promise. Don’t build on it.A. bring onB. depend onC. take onD. think on4. I must go and work up my notes, ready for the test.A. completeB. takeC. reviewD. get5. Groundwater, a resource that exists everywhere beneath the Earth’s surface, is under increasing risk from contamination and overuse.A. popularizationB. pollutionC. contractionD. industrialization6. The most prominent technological success in the twentieth century is probably computer revolution.A. noticeableB. solemnC. prosperousD. prevalent7. Neon light is utilized in airport because it can penetrate fog.A. pass throughB. break upC. transmitD. suspend8. There is no point in applying for that job as you are not properly qualified.A. reasonB. resultC. chanceD. use9. It is estimated that almost one million earthquakes occur each year, but most of them are so minor that they pass undetected.A. with no damageB. with no noticeC. with no nameD. with no problem10. Inspired by another movement in art called Dadaism, the Surrealist movement has been one of the most influential art movements in the 20th century.A. DespisedB. InfluencedC. StifledD. Created11. In less than a millionth of a second, the vast computer of an international airline can ______ accept 800 booking inquiries, and search its 50 million memory units for appropriate replies.A. simultaneouslyB. implicitlyC. complacentlyD. cautiously12. There are two hundred and forty stamps in the sheet, arranged in twenty rows of twelve stamps _____.A. individuallyB. acrossC. horizontallyD. vertically13. Many of the conditions that _____ population pressures—overcrowding, unemployment, poverty, hunger and illness—lead to dissatisfaction.A. bring forwardB. bring outC. result inD. result from14. A severe illness _____ the hot weather has left the baby very weak.A. in accordance withB. in line withC. in conjunction withD. in agreement with15. It is a long time since we’ve been ____; I hope everything goes as well as last time.A. united upB. brought upC. teamed upD. picked up16. An increasing proportion of our population, unable to live without advanced medical ____, will become progressively more reliant on expensive technology. A. interaction B. interferenceC. interventionD. interruption17. In what _____ to a last minute stay of execution, a council announced that emergency funding would keep alive two aging satellites.A. appliesB. accountsC. amountsD. attaches18. Despite their good service, most inns are less costly than hotels of _____ standards.A. equivalentB. alikeC. uniformD. likely19. It has been estimated that earthquake-related fatalities have numbered in the millions and earthquake-related destruction has been _____ calculation.A. underB. overC. behindD. beyond20. We’re in a _____ position here, with the enemy on the hill above us.A. strongB. powerfulC. vulnerableD. negativeB. Put the following into English.1. 超级市场连同消费者都遭到了通货膨胀的沉重打击。
研究生英语精读教程教师参考书(第三版上)一至八单元课件
Optimism/pessimism
Optimism
n. optimistic a. optimist n. Pessimism n. pessimistic a. pessimist n.
Inoculate against 预防注射；接种疫苗
e.g.---During the war allied troops were inoculated against diseases, because of fears that biological weapons might be used. All children are inoculated against polio. (小儿麻痹症)
ill:
In
Para.2: Optimism can help you to be… Pessimism leads you to…
Topic of the article
In Para. 7 When they failed on the first call or two…
(two weeks for one unit, so we can probably finish 8 units) Examination (mainly based on what is taught in class)
Requirements
Preview
Active
participation Feedback
Para. 2
body:
A number of persons, concepts, or things regarded as a group视作一组的人、 事、物 ---He has a large body of facts to prove his statements.
研究生英语精读教程(第三版上)课后习题
研究生英语精读教程（第三版上）Unit 4B. great regretC. great despairD. great disappointment2. I have nothing but disdain for such a person.A. respect3. The grass was interspersed with beds of flowers.A. scattered4. I am sure disease must propagate in such unsanitary and crowded areas.D. generate5. There was a meager attendance at the council meeting.B. enoughC. ampleD. haughtyA. negotiationB. punishment7. We can't rule out the possibility that he will come after all. B. refuse C. accept D. takeC. tied toD. shut on9. We three were the sole survivors in the traffic accident.A. luckyB. fortunateC. blessed10. I slept through her dull speech.D. imaginativeA. lettersB. dealingsC. writingsA. piecesB. slips D. portions13. The old lady ______ the sweet-smelling flowers into a garland. A. tied C. curved D. twistedB. prudentC. shrewdD. rudeA. areaB. placeC. districtA. firingB. lighting D. glowing17. Sports, and not learning, seem to ______ in that school. A. appear B. occupy18. Each chess player will have five minutes to ______ his next move.A. hoped C. wished D. wished toB. A wordC. WordsD. The wordUnit 51. His beautiful writing is akin to drawing.A. asB. fromC. above2. His knowledge on the subject seems to be on a par with my own. A. different fromC. related toD. in accordance with3. Tom and Mary were married a week after they met and soon found themselves at odds about religion.D. criticized5. The Mississippi flood of 1973 was a major catastrophe in which a great many lives were lost.A. casualty C. change D. threat6. She almost yielded to an unexpected impulse to dance in the street. A. urgent desireC. good ideaD. fancy thought7. Mr. Green posed as a rich man though he owed more than he owned.A. workedB. lookedC. clothedB. IllnessC. troubleD. ailment9. Some people have a bias against foreigners.B. dislikeC. hatredD. favourA. goodB. suitableB. surprisingC. fastD. unexpectedA. sum C. difference D. surplusA. glowedB. lighted D. soundedA. talksB. refers D. indicatesA. projectsB. showsC. displaysA. able C. experienced D. activeA. giveB. show D. causeit, this sentence doesn’t make any __. A. meaning B. sound C. progress19. I tried to find my keys but I was ______ by my thick gloves. A. helped C. annoyed D. upsetB. interestedC. amusedD. disturbedUnit61. The patient clenched the arms of the dentist's chair.B. touchedC. placed onD. pressed2. The retiring professor was exalted by his colleague.A. criticized D. examined3. All the tourists were impressed by the amazing grandeur of Niagara Falls.A. power C. speed D. height4. We stared in awe at the president himself.B. concernC. satisfactionD. envy5. The term “paper” i s a little misleading when you consider the strength and endurance of the constructionB. uniqueC. elementD. current status7. Edward8. The teacher had unusual insight into children’s emotions and knew clearly how to treat them.10. Property on which money has been lent is redeemed when the loan is paid back.D. dischargedA. faulty12. He is an honest person. His actions are always ______ his words.A. contradictory toC. agreed with13. They called for "immediate, absolute, ______ separation from the North" and elected their own president, Jefferson Davis.friendly B. lifelong D. lastingA. heldB. graspedC. grippedD. enthusiasticA. intenseB. internalC. instantD. subjectD. supposedA. facingD. a lawUnit101、Samsung, with a capitalisation as high as $57bn, has grown as one of the world’s most powerful technologyA. money C. profit D. turnoverHe just laughed, and dismissed the idea as unimportant.B. judgedC. estimatedD. supposed3、His new book received accolades from the papers.A. criticismB. stressC. underestimationB. refusedC. dismissedD. laughed at5、You should have bought the shares a month ago, and now you’ve missed the party.A. been slowC. failedD. wasted the money6、He is a very versatile performer; he can act, sing, dance and play the piano.A. goodB. skilful D. emotional7、The high IQ sets him apart from other children as an infant prodigy.A. puts him apartC. brings him apartThough he is a famous writer, his new book, we can only say, is prosaic.B. annoyingC. dullD. not so good9、The stream eroded a channel in the solid rock.A. brokeB. destroyed D. corrupted10、The actor coasted11、C. judgedD. empowered12、A. welcomedC. good-sellingD. best-soldA saved B. dismissed D. shuntedB. give them no adviceC. give them some adviceD. let them exercise themselvesand desirable on the world market. C. second-hand products D. low-end goodsA. broughtB. touched D. raisedB. was alikeC. was differentD. was similar19. Loyal friA. helpB. support D. base20. A saying goes like this: out of a ______, one can draw the most beautiful paintings.A. drawing boardC. painted scrollUnit111. More and more overseas students are coming back to China to develop their careers; this will definitelyD. partnership2. Tryouts for community orchestras are frequently judged by B. AdvertisementsC. NoveltiesD. AuditionsA.entertainingB. ignoringC. drawing4. The Ford Foundation is one of the world’s wealthiest philanthropic organizations.A. multi-nationalC. profligate5. What may be considered courteous in one culture may be interpreted as arrogant in another.A.clumsy D. flimsy6. Rival traditions of acting have coexisted in western theater since antiquity.A.MyriadB. RudimentaryC. Stylistic7. Failure to limit the expansion of the industry will eventually lead to its collapse.8. We all appreciate his acute perception of other people’s emotions.B. intentionC. distinctionD. understanding9. In order to win the presidential election, the candidates vie with each other in recruiting a team of the brightestA.summoningB. congestingD. recollecting蚜虫) unmatched in the insect world.A. unqualifiedC. unrecognizedD. underestimatedD. collectle.A.given in D. given away15. Because the_____ of such writing is important, we expect the familiar essayist to work by instruction, to be subtle instead of obvious.A.noteB. tuneC. rhythmD. dispersed17. She tried to______ all the money she spent when she was studying abroad.A. get hold ofC. bring forward to18. Man’s understanding and his mastering of matter and energy______ his claim to superiority, provide him withA.designate D. illustrateB. obligeC. contributeD. attributeUnit121. The club's code of dress requires men to wear ties at dinner.A. signalB. letterC. numberD. ruled inA. status D. register4. The Roman Empire rapidly waned in power in the 5th century.D. seized6. The passengers on the disabled ship were in great peril.A. fearB. Despair D. inconvenience7. The President's enemies are spreading rumors to undermine his authority.A. preventB. prevailC. wipe out8. Your compliance with his request pleased your father.A. refusal9. He told us an amusing anecdote of the President's childhood.D. hearsay10. The director of this play took liberties with Shakespeare's writing.A. thought little ofC. thought no end of11. You needn’t ask him to come; he’ll come _____.B. subsequentlyD. insteadB. taken afterC. taken fromD. taken inA. providesB. hasC. leavesB. teasedC. worriedD. hurtA. delay C. scorn D. depriveB. moralC. curativeD. slightA. serious C. chronic D. acute18. The children _____ the forest because they did not want to go through it. B. were afraid of C. disliked D. took a devious routeA. add to D. support20. All questions about the future of mankind will be ______ unless we take measures to protect the naturalB. satisfiedC. troubledD. anxious1.这些年轻的工人技术员具备我们能希望他们有的一切条件。
研究生英语精读教程(第三版_上)第6单元英文原文及翻译和课后答案
Unit SixTwo Truths to Live ByHold fast, and let go:understand this paradox*, and you standat thevery gate of wisdomAlexander M. Schindler[ 1 ] The art of living is to know when to hold fast and when to let go. For life is a paradox: it enjoins* us to cling to* its many gifts even while it ordains* their eventual relinquishment*The rabbis* of old put it this way: "A man comes to this world with his fist clenched*, but when he dies, his hand is open."[1] 生活的秘诀在于懂得何时抓紧，何时放松。
因为人生就是一对矛盾：它既令我们抓紧人生的多种赐与，同时它又要我们到头来把这些赐与放弃。
老一辈犹太学者是这样说的：“ 一个人握紧拳头来到这个世界，但他却是松开手掌离开这世界的。
”[ 2 ] Surely we ought to hold fast to life, for it is wondrous*, and full of a beauty that breaks through* every pore* of God's own earth. We know that this is so, but all too often we recognize this truth only in our backward glance when we remember what it was and then suddenly realize that it is no more.[2] 毫无疑问，我们应该牢牢抓住生命，因为它奇妙，它有一种在上帝创造的世界里无孔不入、无处不在的美。
西南科技大学研究生精读教程第三版上1.2.5.7单元习题整理版
西南科技大学研究生精读教程第三版上1.2.5.7单元习题整理版unit 1整理仅供参考仓促难免疏漏1.Those who believed their religious leader’s prophecy that the end of the world would come soon went into a panic.B. forecastA.announcementC. predictionD. declaration2.It became obvious when the boy floundered through the recitation in class today that he had not taken the trouble to do his homework.A.meditatedB. falteredC. contemplatedD. staggered3.The teacher told the students that they should avoid using clichés in their composition.A. popular proverbsB. well-known storiesC. famous quotationsD. trite expressions4.After listening to the same old moral lesson all these years, the villagers became almost immune to it.A. insensitive toB. fed up withC. familiar withD. accustomed to5.I can't claim credit for her English proficiency; after all, she only came to my class this semester.A.ask for moneyB. expect paymentC. say that I deserve praiseD. declare that I am grateful6.Believe it or not, this popular novel now you see on every shelf was censored only a few years ago.A.officially examined and bannedB. despised by the general publicC. sold out soon after its publicationD. condemned by the critics7.The party leader regards the result of the election as a personal triumph.A.victoryB. celebrationC. satisfactionD. propaganda8.The immigration officer scrutinized his passport before he was allowed to leaveA.StampedB. examinedC. returnedD. issued9.He suffered a long period of depression before his first suicide attempt.A.InoculationB. hypertensionC. ailmentsD. dejection10.He was never able to enjoy the metropolitan delights of cinemas and theatres.A.artisticB. modernC. urbanD. various11.He quickly _____ behind the building to avoid being hurt by the stones thrown indirection.A. eludedB. evadedC. escapedD. dodged12.His dislike of the course may prove to be a _____ barrier he cannot overcome.A.BiologicalB. ideologicalC. spiritualD. psychological13.As the Cup Final was drawing closer, the injury of the best player was a _____ for the whole team.A. misdemeanourB. mistrustC. misfortuneD. mischief14.The best solution to the problem can only be found by a process of trial and _____.A.errorB. mistakeC. successD. experiment15.He thought that he might be able to avoid paying some of his taxes by taking advantage of the ______ in the law.A. circlesB. loopholesC. exceptionsD. misunderstanding16.When he lived in that remote place, radio was the only means he had to keep _____ of current events in the country.A.accountB. traceC. recordD. track17.______ what is generally believed, the adjustment to this kind of work is quite easy.A.Contrary toB. Contrast withC. Controversial ofD. Contradictory to18.The flashing red light served as a ______ of danger ahead.A. predictorB. cautionC. precautionD. prevention19.Their confidence in him was greatly ______ by his prolonged hesitation before taking any action.A. appreciated C. underminedB. confirmed D. cherished20.Your headache is likely to ______ if its real cause is not identified and proper treatment administered accordingly.A. cureB. recoverC. recurD. release1.你对他说的话不能为你这种行为辩护(justify)2.你认为他会因为同主教的私人关系而免受宗教迫害吗? (immune from)3.你对心理医生的忠告采取什么态度会影响到你是否会再做恶梦。
研英精读1-7课练习参考答案和译文
UNIT ONE STAY HUNGRY. STAY FOOLISH. COMPREHENSION12345678910VOCABULARY AND STRUCTUREA1 naively2 curiosity3 combination4 let down5 vision6 baton7 creative8 mirror9 trap 10 inventionB1 drowned out2 tuition3 Commencement4 deposit5 typography6 make way for7 animation8 intuition9 destination 10 divergeC1 follow: orders, rules, advice, fads, an ideal, one’s instinct2 trust in: honesty, the Lord, power, intuition, sixth sense3 wear out, fade out, put out, make out, get out, break out4 play writer/playwright, speedwriter, blog writer, letter writer, editorial writer5 habitual, textual, accentual, sexual, spiritual, conceptual6 shocking, stunning, eye-catching, astonishing, striking, dazzlingD 1 an 2 great 3 the 4 to 5 √ 6 that 7 √8 been 9 been 10 in TRANSLATIONA1热烈的鼓掌2波涛汹涌的海面3熟睡4烟瘾大的人5油腻而难消化的食物6烈酒7悲痛的消息8沉闷冗长的读物9〈化〉重水10他在一家法国银行拥有外国人账户。
修改版——研究生英语阅读教程(提高级)课后习题翻译(1、2、4、6、7、8、11、13单元)
Lesson 1√1. Yesterday’s terrorism darkened, marked and forever altered the way Americans live their lives.昨日发生的恐怖主义活动使美国人的生活暗淡无光，在他们的生活中留下了印迹，并永远地改变了他们的生活。
2. “We are going to have to learn what a lot of other countries have gone through: to manage fear at a cultural and national level,”said Charles Figley, a professor of trauma psychology at Florida State University. “We’re getting a lesson in the way fear works.”佛罗里达州立大学创伤心理学教授查尔斯?费格里说:“我们得学一学其它许多国家曾经经历过的东西，那就是从文化上和在全国范围内来应对恐惧。
”他还说:“我们正在体验恐惧是怎样起作用的。
”3. In a country long proud and even boastful of its openness—a country where an ordinary citizen can stroll through the U.S. Capitol unescorted—the terrorist attacks are likely to force Americans to a lot of that. Metal detectors now mark the front door of many government buildings, and security guards are a fixture in the lobby of most large office buildings.美国是一个一向以开放自豪甚至洋洋得意的国家，在这里，人们可以独自在美国国会大楼中闲庭信步，而现在，恐怖袭击很有可能迫使美国人处处小心，惶惶不可终日。
研究生英语精读教程(第三版_上)第1单元英文原文与翻译和课后答案
Unit OneYou Are What You ThinkAnd if you change your mind—from pessimism to optimism—you can change your life 你认为自己是什么样的人，那你就是什么样的人如果你改变想法——从悲观变为乐观——你就可以改变自己的生活Claipe Safran 卡勒普·撒弗兰[ 1 ] Do you see the glass as half full rather than half empty? Do you keep your eye upon the doughnut, not upon the hole? Suddenly these clichés are scientific questions, as researchers scrutinize the power of positive thinking.[1] 你看酒杯是半杯有酒而不是半杯空着的吗？你的眼睛是盯着炸面圈，而不是它中间的孔吗? 当研究者们仔细观察积极思维的作用时，这些陈词滥调突然间都成了科学问题。
[ 2] A fast-growing body of research—104 studies so far, involving some 15 000 people—is proving that optimism can help you to be happier, healthier and more successful. Pessimism leads, by contrast, to hopelessness, sickness and failure, andis linked to depression, loneliness and painful shyness. "If we could teach people to think more positively," says psychologist Craig A. Anderson of Rice University in Houston，"it would be like inoculating them against these mental ills."[2]迅速增多的大量研究工作——迄今已有 104 个研究项目，涉及大约 15 000人——证明乐观的态度可以使你更快乐、更健康、更成功。
研究生英语精读教程教师参考书(第三版上)-参考答案及授课详解
研究生英语系列教材研究生英语精读教程教师参考书（第三版·上）ContentsUnit OneText: You Are What You Think (1)Supplementary Reading (10)Unit TwoText: Cancer & Chemicals (11)Supplementary Reading (18)Unit ThreeText: Rats and Men (19)Supplementary Reading (27)Unit FourText: Einstein’s Painful Romance (29)Supplementary Reading (35)Unit FiveText: The End Is Not at Hand (37)Supplementary Reading (44)Unit SixText: Two Truths to Live By (47)Supplementary Reading (58)Mini-Test Ⅰ (59)Unit SevenText: Good Taste, Bad Taste (61)研究生英语精读教程教师参考书（第三版/上）Supplementary Reading (70)Unit EightText: I Have a Dream (73)Supplementary Reading (80)Unit NineText: This Was My Mother (81)Supplementary Reading (91)Unit TenText: Digital Revolution: How the Korean Group Becamea Global Champion (93)SupplementaryReading (100)Unit ElevenText: In Search of the Real Google (101)Supplementary Reading (118)Unit TwelveText: A Red Light for Scofflaws (119)Supplementary Reading (129)Mini-Test Ⅱ (131)►Text:You Are What You ThinkClaipe SafranLanguage Points1. Para. [2]: mental illsWhen used as a noun, “ill” means “anything causing harm, trouble,wrong,un happiness, etc., specifically: a) an evil or misfortune; b) a disease”.Its synonyms in this lesson: disease (Para.10), ailments(Para.11), illness (Para.11)Other synonyms: sickness, ailing, infirmity, indisposition, complaint, disorder, malady, distemper2. Para. [7]: When they failed on the first call or two ...When the first few people they phoned refused to donate blood ...3. Para. [8]: self-fulfilling prophecya prediction brought to fulfilment chiefly as an effect of having been expected or predicted4. Para. [9]: A sense of control ... is the litmus test for success.Whether one feels in control of the situation will determine if one succeedsin the end.5. Para. [10]: ... think they are better than the facts would justify ...overestimate themselves; regard themselves as better than they really are 6. Para. [13]: at one’s m other’s kneewhen one is a small child研究生英语精读教程教师参考书（第三版/上）Word Study1. donate v.donation n.donator n.①He donated all his savings to the village school.②They have donated to the Red Cross.③The van was donated to us by a local firm.④The new library has received a generous donation of 200 rare books from its favourite patron.⑤He made a donation of $1,000 to the children’s hospital.⑥The Famine Relief Fund has received 500 yuan in cash from an anonymous donator.2. recur v.recurring adj.recurrent adj.recurrence n.①He is more concerned about those problems which recur periodically.②If you divide 10 by 3, the result will be a recurring decimal.③Lack of confidence in himself will be a recurring problem for him in the future.④The patient complained of a recurrent headache.⑤He was aware of the possibility of recurrence of his illness.⑥His words of encouragement recurred to my mind whenever I was in low spirits.3. immune (to/against/from) adj.immunity n.immunize v.immunology n. study of resistance to infection①He seems to be immune to flattery.②We are immune from smallpox as the result of vaccination.③The child has received immunity to a variety of infections.Unit One④He was given immunity from taxation on the ground that he had been seriously injured.⑤Ambassadors enjoy diplomatic immunity in the countries in which they are stationed.⑥Everyone who is going abroad will need to be immunized againsttyphoid.⑦The government is going to spend more money on its immunizationprogram.⑧He has devoted all his life to immunology.4. caution n. & v.cautious adj.①You must exercise extreme caution when you cross this street.②The police gave him a caution for speeding.③The policeman cautioned the motorist about his speed.④They cautioned him about danger.⑤His teacher cautioned him that he might fail his exam.⑥If I had been less cautious, I might have made greater progress.⑦They are very cautious of/about giving offence.⑧He walked cautiously in this unknown territory.5. triumph n. & v.triumphant adj.①The conquest of outer space is one of the greatest triumphs of modernscience.②His life was a triumph over ill health.③Though he had beaten his opponent in the election, they could detect notriumph in his eye.④Grinning broadly, he held up the prize in triumph.⑤Justice triumphs in the end.⑥He triumphed over many difficulties.⑦Her triumphant smile told me how proud she was of her success.⑧Having succeeded at his first attempt, the boy looked at me triumphantly.研究生英语精读教程教师参考书（第三版/上）参考译文你认为自己是什么样的人，那你就是什么样的人如果你改变想法——从悲观变为乐观——你就可以改变自己的生活卡勒普·撒弗兰[1] 你看酒杯是半杯有酒而不是半杯空着的吗？你的眼睛是盯着炸面圈，而不是它中间的孔吗? 当研究者们仔细观察积极思维的作用时，这些陈词滥调突然间都成了科学问题。
[教学]新版研究生英语精读教程翻译练习参考答案（1-5单元）
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新版研究生英语精读教程翻译练习参考答案（Unit 1-5）Unit OneSection ACan Harry Potter wave his magic wand 棒and revive a dead language? Publishers of Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, who plan to translate the adventures of the schoolboy wizard into Latin and ancient Greek, think it might help, the Daily Telegraph newspaper reported. Author J.K. Rowling and her publishers Bloomsbury hope the translations will help children overcome the dread of studying the two ancient languages, the newspaper said. "We aren't under any illusions that the Latin and Greek will be best-sellers but we think that it will mean much more fun lessons for anyone studying Latin and Greek," said Emma Matthewson, Rowling's editor at Bloomsbury. Peter Needham, who taught Latin and Greek at top boys' school Eton College, was translating the first of Rowling's books. "This is going to be a wonderful thing for children. It has got very witty dialogue..." he was quoted as saying. Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone is not the first children's book to be translated into Latin. Paddington Bear, Alice in Wonderland and Winnie the Pooh have all had the Latin treatment, the newspaper said.哈里·波特的魔杖能让已死的语言起死回生吗？《哈里·波特与魔法石》的出版商认为这有可能。
研究生英语精读教程（第三版_上）--课文翻译及课后题解答-副本
研究生英语精读教程（第三版_上）--课文翻译及课后题解答-副本中国人民抗日战争你认为自己是什么样的人，那你就是什么样的人如果你改变想法——从悲观变为乐观——你就可以改变自己的生活卡勒普-撒弗兰[ 1 ] 你看酒杯是半杯有酒而不是半杯空着的吗?你的眼睛是盯着炸面圈，而不是它中间的孔吗? 当研究者们自细观察积极思维的作用时，这些陈辞滥调突然问都成了科学问题。
[ 2 ] 迅速增多的大量研究工作——迄今已有104个研究项目，涉及大约15 000人——证明乐观的态度可以使你更快乐、更健康、更成功。
与此相反，悲观则导致无望、疾病以及失败，并与沮丧、孤独及令人苦恼的腼腆密切相关。
位于休斯敦莱斯大学的心理学家克雷格·A·安德森说：“如果我们能够教会人们更积极地思考，那就如同为他们注射了预防这些心理疾病的疫苗。
”[ 3 ]“你的能力固然重要，”匹兹堡的卡内基一梅降大学的心理学家迈克尔·F·沙伊尔说，“但你成功的信念影响到你是否真能成功，”在某种程度上，这是由于乐观者和悲观者以截然不同的方式对待同样的挑战和失望。
[ 4 ] 以你的工作为例。
宾夕法尼亚大学的心理学家马丁·E·P·塞利棉曼与同事彼得·舒尔曼在一项重要研究中对大都市人寿保险公司的推销员进行了广泛调察。
他们发现，存工龄较长的推销员中，积极思考比消极思考者要多推销37％的保险额。
机新雇用的推销员中，乐观主义者则多销了20％。
[ 5 ] 公司受到了触动，便雇用了100名虽未通过标准化企业测试但在态度乐观一项得分很高的人。
这些本来可能根本不会被雇用的人售出的保险额高出推销员的平均额10％。
[ 6 ] 他们是如何做的呢？据塞利格曼说，乐观主义者成功的秘诀就在于他的“解释方式”。
出了问题之后，悲观主义者倾向于自责。
他说：“我不善于做这种事，我总是失败。
”乐观主义者则寻找漏洞，他责怪天气、抱怨电话线路、或者甚至怪罪别人。
研究生英语阅读教程第三版(基础级)翻译答案Lesson1-6精编版
1.For English is a killer. It is English that has killed off Cumbric, Cornish, Norn and Manx. There are still parts of these islands where sizeable communities speak languages that were there before English. Yet English is everywhere in everyday use and understood by all or virtually all, constituting such a threat to the three remaining Celtic languages, Irish, Scottish Gaelic, and Welsh... that their long-term future must be considered... very greatly at risk.因为英语是个杀手。
正是英语造成了康瑞克、康尼施、诺恩、曼科斯等语言的消亡。
在其中一部分岛上还有相当多的人使用在英语到来之前就已存在的语言。
然而，英语在日常生活中无处不在。
所有的人或几乎所有的人都懂英语。
英语对现存的凯尔特语——爱尔兰语、苏格兰盖尔语及威尔士语的威胁是如此之大，它们的未来岌岌可危。
2.He also associated such policies with a prejudice which he calls linguisticism (a condition parallel to racism and sexism). As Phillipson sees it, leading institutions and individuals within the predominantly "white" English-speaking world, have (by design or default) encouraged or at least tolerated—and certainly have not opposed—the hegemonic spread of English, a spread which began some three centuries ago as economic and colonial expansion.同时，他认为这些政策和他称之为语言歧视（和种族歧视、性别歧视的情况类似）的偏见密切相关。
研究生英语精读教程第三版上unit two
Unit twoText:Cancer & Chemicals-Are We Going Too Far?Marla ConeLast year, California governor George Deukmejian called together many of the state's best scientific minds to begin implementing Proposition 65, the state's Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act. This new law bans industries from discharging chemical suspected of causing cancer (carcinogens) or birth defects into water supplies. Some claim it will also require warning labels on everything that might cause cancer.A day of esoteric science and incomprehensible jargon was predicted. But Bruce Ames, chairman of the department of biochemistry at the University of California at Berkeley, had plans to liven the proceedings.Walking into the room, Ames looked like the quintessential scientist: wire-rimmed bifocals, rumpled suit, tousled hair and a sallow complexion that showed he spent more time in his laboratory than in the California sunshine.As someone intoned about the mechanisms of carcinogenesis, Ames began to interject his own views."The whole world is chock-full of carcinogens," Ames declared.“A beer, with its 700 parts per billion of formaldehyde and five parts per 100 of alcohol is a thousand times more hazardous than anything in the water. If you have beer on your breath, does that mean you have to warn everyone who comes within ten feet of you?"In an era when headlines shout about the latest cancer scare, Ames has a different message: the levels of most man-made carcinogens are generally so low that any danger is trivial compared with the levels of natural carcinogens.Ames is not a quack. At age 59, he is one of the nation's most respected authorities on carcinogenesis. His resume is packed with honors, including the Charles. Mott Prize from the General Motors Cancer Research Foundation, one of the most prestigious awards in cancer research, and membership in the National Academy of Sciences.Even his critics say the Ames test —his simple, inexpensive laboratory procedure that helps determine whether a substance might cause cancer—is a remarkable achievement.But Ames slaughters sacred cows. He's taking on the environmental movement, which some have called the single most important social movement of the 20th century. In April1987, for instance, he and two colleagues, Renae Magaw and Lois Swirsky Gold, published a report in Science magazine that ranked various possible cancer risks.Based on animal tests of nearly 1,000 chemicals, the data show that daily consumption of the average peanut-butter sandwich, which contains traces of aflatoxin (a naturally occurring mold carcinogen in peanuts), is 100 times more dangerous than our daily intake of DDT from food, and that a glass of the most polluted well water in the Silicon Valley is 1,000 times less of cancer risk than a glass of wine or beer is.He's not advising people to stop consuming peanut-butter, beer and wine. What he's saying is that most cancer risks created by man are trivial compared with everyday natural risks, and it's not clear how many of these are real risks. Both types distract attention from such enormous risk factors as tobacco.Ames's cancer research began about 25 years ago over a bag of potato chips. Ames, then conducting research for the National Institutes of Health in Maryland, was reading the ingredients on the bag. It struck him that no one knew what each chemical did to human genes, and there was no easy way to find out.At that time, scientists testing for carcinogenicity had to setup time consuming and costly lab experiments on rats and mice. Armed with the knowledge that bacteria are sensitive to substances that cause mutation, and that carcinogens were likely to be mutagens, Ames developed a carcinogen test using bacteria. The Ames test was hailed as a major scientific development and is now used worldwide.One day in 1974 Ames, now teaching at Berkeley, suggested that some students test various household products. To his surprise, many common hair dyes tested positive, as did a flame retardant used in children's pajamas. Almost overnight, Ames became a hero of environmentalists when his findings led to new regulations and bans on certain chemicals.For the next decade public concern over carcinogens continued to rise. "Then," Ames says, "I started realizing something wasn't right." Too many natural substances also tested positive as carcinogens or mutagens: fruit juices, brown mustard , celery , parsley .In fact, about half of all chemicals tested by Ames—both natural and man-made—turned out to be potentially carcinogenic when given in enormous doses to rats and mice.Ames at first assumed he had erred with his test. He hadn't. His error had been making the common, but naive, assumptionthat only man-made chemicals could be dangerous. "Why assume nature is benign?" he now says.The campaign supporting California's Proposition 65 convinced Ames that he had a duty to explain this to the public. "When people said certain birth defects were caused by a part per billion of something in the water, I thought it irresponsible, " he says. "It's just playing with people's fears. You can always find a part per billion of something in the water."In testimonybefore a California senate committee, Ames noted that tap water, for instance, contains the carcinogen chloroform at about 83 ppb due to chlorination.But coffee contains two natural carcinogens at about 4,000 ppb each, while human blood averages 3,000 ppb of formaldehyde from normal metabolism.Some people assume Ames is a stooge for the chemical industry, which he is not. He does no consulting for the chemical, drug or food companies, or for law firms. And he accepts no grants from business.Environmentalists reject Ames's arguments, saying that we are obligated to keep the total exposure to carcinogens as low as possible. "Somehow he thinks there has to be a choice," says Carl Pope of the Sierra Club. "If we had to choose between TCE[a suspected cancer causing solvent] in drinking water and public education on cigarette smoking, maybe he's right. But we don't have to make a choice."Ames's reply:"You don't want every chemical company dumping their garbage out the back door. But the price you pay for living in a modern, industrial society is a few parts per billion of chemicals in the water. You can get rid of it, but at enormous cost. If you spend all your time chasing trivia, you lose sight of the important risks."。
研究生英语精读教程(第三版_上)第5单元英文原文及翻译和课后答案
Unit FiveThe End Is Not at HandThe environmental rhetoric overblown.The planet will surviveRobert J. Samuelson并非末日来临环境问题言过其实，地球生命仍将继续。
罗伯特·J·塞缪尔森[ 1 ] Whoever coined the phrase "save the planet" is a public relation genius. It conveys the sense of impending* catastrophe* and high purpose that has wrapped environmentalism in an aura* of moral urgency. It also typifies environmentalism's rhetorical excesses, which, in any other context, would be seen as wild exaggeration* or simple dishonesty.[1] 无论是谁杜撰了“拯救地球”这一说法，他都是一位公共关系方面的天才。
这一说法既表达了对即将来临的灭顶之灾的意识，也满怀着使环境保护论带有道义紧迫感这一大的目标。
同时这种说法也表明环境保护论言过其实，这种夸大在其他任何场合都会被视为是在危言耸听或愚蠢的欺骗。
[ 2 ] Up to a point, our environmental awareness has checked a mindless enthusiasm for unrestrained economic growth.We have sensibly curbed* some of growth's harmful side effects. But environmentalism increasingly resembles a holy crusade* addicted to hype* and ignorant of history. Every environmental ill is depicted* as an onrushing calamity* that—if not stopped will end life as we know it.[2] 就某种程度而言，我们的环境意识遏制了对自由经济增长所表现出的盲目热情。
研究生英语精读教程[上册]Unit 7
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1. confrontation※ n. a situation marked by open opposition ( 敌对双方的 )对抗 2. reversal n. a change to the opposite; a case of going backwards颠倒，反向；倒退 3. recur v. to happen again, or more than once再发生
[ 6 ] But is the question of taste just one of household* hints? No. Taste is an expression of a whole system of values. And that means yours. [ 7 ] To achieve an understanding of taste means that you should have conviction* in your chotray* and you might as well rent poster* space and tell the world “I am the dupe*
1. onyx n. (矿 )缟玛瑙 2. ashtray n..烟灰缸 3. poster ※ n. a large printed notice or (coloured) drawing put up in a public place (贴在公共场所的大型 )招贴，标 语，广告 (画 ) 4. dupe n. a person who is tricked or deceived受骗的人，被 人愚弄的人
predict these changes but anyone can understand the principles. Although the history of taste has been one of change, confrontation* and reversal*, certain patterns constantly recur*. Learn these and you're in there with the tastemakers.
研究生英语精读教程 (第三版·上)共18页
迈耶博士的老鼠遇到的难题比其在自然条件下遇到 的问题难得多。
But human breakdowns are ordinarily caused by problems that human beings themselves have created : problems of religious and ethical* belief; problems of money and credit and mortgages* and trust funds and stock market fluctuations; problems of man-made custom and etiquette* and social organization and law.
研究生英语精读教程 (第三版·上)
1、战鼓一响，法律无声。——英国 2、任何法律的根本；不，不成文法本 身就是 讲道理 ……法 律，也 ----即 明示道 理。— —爱·科 克
3、法律是最保险的头盔。——爱·科 克 4、一个国家如果纲纪不正，其国风一 定颓败 。—— 塞内加 5、法律不能使人人平等，但是在法律 面前人 人是平 等的。 ——波 洛克
[ 10 ] Rats can hardly be blamed for not being able to solve problems set for them by Dr. Maier; there are limits to a rat's powers of abstraction. But there are no known limits to the human capacity to abstract and organize and make use of abstractions. Hence, if human beings find problems insoluble because of fixated reactions if they are frustrated because they can respond in only one way, regardless of context or circumstances, to certain symbolically defined situations - they are functioning at less than full human capacity.
研究生英语阅读教程(基础级)第三版课后习题答案lesson1.pdf
Unit OneWorld English: A Blessing or a Curse (p7)1. There has been much opposition from social groups, B from the farmingcommunity.A. straightforwardly(直接地)B. notably（显著地，尤其）C. virtually（事实上）D. exceptionally（例外地）译文：社会团体，尤其是农业团体，对此有许多反对意见。
2. The A view in Britain and other Western countries associates aging with decline,dependency, isolation, and often poverty.A. predominant（占支配地位的）B. credulous（轻信的）C. inclusive（包含的）D. sustainable（可持续的）译文：英国和其他西方国家的主流观点认为，老龄化意味着衰落、依赖、孤立，而且往往是贫穷。
3. But gifts such as these cannot be awarded to everybody, either by judges or by themost D of governments.A. tough（困难的）B. demanding（苛求的）C. diverse（不同的）D. benign（有利的；善良的）译文：但是，这样的礼物不可能由法官或最仁慈的政府颁发给所有人。
4. The foreman read the C of guilty fourteen times, one for each defendant.A. prejudice（偏见）B. verification（政审）C. verdict（判断；裁决）D. punishment（惩罚）译文：陪审团念了十四遍有罪判决，为每位被告都念了一遍。
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unit 1整理仅供参考仓促难免疏漏1.Those who believed their religious leader’s prophecy that the end of the world would come soon went into a panic.B. forecastA.announcementC. predictionD. declaration2.It became obvious when the boy floundered through the recitation in class today that he had not taken the trouble to do his homework.A.meditatedB. falteredC. contemplatedD. staggered3.The teacher told the students that they should avoid using clichés in their composition.A. popular proverbsB. well-known storiesC. famous quotationsD. trite expressions4.After listening to the same old moral lesson all these years, the villagers became almost immune to it.A. insensitive toB. fed up withC. familiar withD. accustomed to5.I can't claim credit for her English proficiency; after all, she only came to my class this semester.A.ask for moneyB. expect paymentC. say that I deserve praiseD. declare that I am grateful6.Believe it or not, this popular novel now you see on every shelf was censored only a few years ago.A.officially examined and bannedB. despised by the general publicC. sold out soon after its publicationD. condemned by the critics7.The party leader regards the result of the election as a personal triumph.A.victoryB. celebrationC. satisfactionD. propaganda8.The immigration officer scrutinized his passport before he was allowed to leaveA.StampedB. examinedC. returnedD. issued9.He suffered a long period of depression before his first suicide attempt.A.InoculationB. hypertensionC. ailmentsD. dejection10.He was never able to enjoy the metropolitan delights of cinemas and theatres.A.artisticB. modernC. urbanD. various11.He quickly _____ behind the building to avoid being hurt by the stones thrown indirection.A. eludedB. evadedC. escapedD. dodged12.His dislike of the course may prove to be a _____ barrier he cannot overcome.A.BiologicalB. ideologicalC. spiritualD. psychological13.As the Cup Final was drawing closer, the injury of the best player was a _____ for the whole team.A. misdemeanourB. mistrustC. misfortuneD. mischief14.The best solution to the problem can only be found by a process of trial and _____.A.errorB. mistakeC. successD. experiment15.He thought that he might be able to avoid paying some of his taxes by taking advantage of the ______ in the law.A. circlesB. loopholesC. exceptionsD. misunderstanding16.When he lived in that remote place, radio was the only means he had to keep _____ of current events in the country.A.accountB. traceC. recordD. track17.______ what is generally believed, the adjustment to this kind of work is quite easy.A.Contrary toB. Contrast withC. Controversial ofD. Contradictory to18.The flashing red light served as a ______ of danger ahead.A. predictorB. cautionC. precautionD. prevention19.Their confidence in him was greatly ______ by his prolonged hesitation before taking any action.A. appreciated C. underminedB. confirmed D. cherished20.Your headache is likely to ______ if its real cause is not identified and proper treatment administered accordingly.A. cureB. recoverC. recurD. release1.你对他说的话不能为你这种行为辩护(justify)2.你认为他会因为同主教的私人关系而免受宗教迫害吗? (immune from)3.你对心理医生的忠告采取什么态度会影响到你是否会再做恶梦。
(recur)4.乐观主义者成功的秘诀在于他们是用积极的态度对待失望和失败。
5.悲观主义者往往容易失败，部分原因就是一个人对自己的看法常常是一种能够自我实现的预言。
(in part)1.What you said to him can hardly justify such conduct of yours.2.Do you think he would be immune from religious persecution by reason of his personal relation with the Bishop?3.Your attitude towards the advice of the psychiatrist will affect whether or not your bad dream recurs.4.The secret to the success of optimists is that they deal with disappointments and failures in a positive way.5.The reason that a pessimist tends to fail is, in part, that a person's opinion about himself is often a self-fulfilling prophecy. unit 21.After his father died, Bill took on the management of the factory.A. gotB. undertookC. organizedD. held2.Those students who have access to his esoteric discussions were impressed by the scope of his thinking.A.known by fewB. known to allC. very livelyD. quite popular3.The music of the radio distracted me from my reading.A. engrossedB. confusedC. refrainD. diverted4.Abraham Lincoln was quintessential American patriot.A. greatB. famousC. typicalD. revered5.Every now and then, the speaker interjected some witty remark.A. rejectedB. criticizedC. insertedD. jeered6.Why do you get angry over such trivial matters?A. of great worthB. of great benefitC. of little worthD. of little help7.The youngest boy was laughed at for his naive remarks.A.innocentB. wittyC. amusingD. foolish8.The lady rumpled her skirt by sitting on the seat while flying.A. disorderedB. disarrangedC. creasedD. crashed9.Thousands of people are needlessly slaughtered in road accidents in his country each year.A.woundedB. killedC. injuredD. crushed10.I bought this cloth cheap because there is a small defect in it.A. spotB. dotC. flawD. point11.Your job is not to make decisions but to _____ the decisions we make.plete C. ImplementB. accomplish D. affect12.Would you _____ him among the world’s great statesmen?A. rankB. callC. nameD. hail13.Understanding is one of the most important _____ of a successful marriage.A.ingredientsB. standardsC. keysD. methods14.There are _____ of poison in the dead man’s blood.A. piecesB. tracesC. slicesD. lots15.He had been ill for months, and we were disturbed by his _____complexion.A.fairB. sallowC. darkD. white16.A witness in court is _____ to tell the truth.A.temptedB. obligatedC. urgedD. praised17. A _____ swelling or tumour can usually be cured.A.malignantB. benignC. smallD. mild18.It is better to _____ on the side of mercy.A. errB. addC. workD. offer19.He has a very _____ address; he lives in the best part of town.A.wealthyB. comfortableC. prestigiousD. Accessible20.We all listened to the priest _____ the psalm.A.intoningB. utteringC. speakingD. delivering1.那个政客以许多事实和数字作为武器。