CCNA Study Notes1(1)-思科认证试题
思科认证CCNA认证试题和答案中文版
思科认证CCNA认证试题和答案中文版思科认证CCNA认证试题和答案中文版想要获得思科认证，首先要参加由思科推荐并授权的培训中心(Cisco Training Partner，简称CTP)所开设的培训课程。
完成学业后再到由全球考试机构Sylvan Prometric授权的.考试中心参加由思科指定的科目的认证考试。
通过指定的系列科目考试后，学员就可以获得相应分支系列等级的资格认证。
下面是店铺为大家搜集的相关试题，供大家参考练习。
16、路由器A串口0配置如下interface serial0link-protocol pppppp pap local-user huawei password simple quidwayip address 2.2.2.1 255.0.0.0路由器B串口及全局配置如下local-user huawei service-type ppp password simple quidway!interface serial0link-protocol pppppp authentication-mode papip address 2.2.2.2 255.0.0.0当两台路由器串口0相连时，两台路由器是否可以连接到对端()(A) 能(B) 不能答案：A17、关于千兆以太网，以下说法正确的是( )(A) IEEE802.3ab定义了千兆以太网(B) 在同一冲突域中，千兆以太网不允许中继器的互连(C) IEEE802.3z专门定义了千兆以太网在双绞线上的传输标准(D) 千兆以太网支持网络速率的自适应，可以与快速以太网自动协商传输速率答案：AB参考知识点：华为3com认证教材第一册3-8页18、高层的协议将数据传递到网络层后，形成( )，而后传送到数据链路层(A) 数据帧(B) 信元(C) 数据包(D) 数据段答案：C参考知识点：华为3com认证教材第一册1-20页19、在路由器上配置帧中继静态map必须指定( )参数(A) 本地的DLCI(B) 对端的DLCI(C) 本地的协议地址(D) 对端的协议地址答案：AD20、路由器的主要性能指标不包括( )(A) 延迟(B) 流通量(C) 帧丢失率(D) 语音数据压缩比答案：D【思科认证CCNA认证试题和答案中文版】。
思科认证CCNA认证试题与答案中文版
答案：D 注释:这个题目不是太严谨,应该加上子网掩码. A:224. 0. 0. 5 是多播地址 B: 127. 0.0. 0 保留作为测试使用 C:网络地址 26、 设置主接口由 up 转 down 后延迟 30 秒切换到备份接口，主 接口 由 down 转 up 后 60 秒钟切换回主接口的配置为()
忍一句，息一怒，饶一着，退一步。——《增广贤文》
人之为学，不日进则日退，独学无友，则孤陋而难成；久处一方，则习染而不自觉。——《顾炎武》
答案：D 注释:255. 255. 255. 255 是全网广播,DHCP 客户端发送全网广播来 查 找 DHCP 服务器. 24、 下而有关 NAT 叙述正确的是() (A) NAT 是英文“地址转换”的缩写，又称地址翻译 (B) XAT 用来实现私有地址与公用网络地址之间的转换 (C) 当内部网络的主机访问外部网络的时候，一定不需要 NAT (D) 地址转换的提出为解决 IP 地址紧张的问题提供了一个有效途 径 答案:ABD 25、 以下属于正确的主机的 IP 地址的是()
(A) arp-a (B) traceroute (C) routeprint (D) displayiprouting-table
答案：D 23、 D0. 0. 0 (B) 10. 0. 0. 1 (0127. 0. 0. 1 (D)255. 255. 255. 255
192. 168. 1. 1
答案：D 注释:PC 的'默认网关要指向路由器的以太网口的 IP 地址. 28、 ISDNB 信道速率是()
(A) 16kbps (B) 64kbps
Cisco CCNA 认证考试最新真题
Cisco CCNA 认证考试最新真题体验1. The command frame-relay map ip 10.121.16.8 102 broadcast was entered on the router. Which of the following statements is true concerning this command?A.This command should be executed from the global configuration mode.B.The IP address 10.121.16.8 is the local router port used to forward data.C.102 is the remote DLCI that will receive the information.D.The broadcast option allows packets, such as RIP updates, to be forwarded across the PVC2. While troubleshooting a network connectivity problem, a technician observes steady link lights on both the workstation NIC and the switch port to which the workstation is connected. However, when the ping command is issued from the workstation, the output message "Request timed out." is displayed. At which layer of the OSI model does the problem most likely exist?A.the session layerB.the network layerC.the data link layerD.the access layer3. In order to allow the establishment of a Telnet session with a router, which set of commands must be configured?A.router(config)# line console 0router(config-line)# enable password ciscoB.router(config)# line console 0router(config-line)# enable secret ciscorouter(config-line)# loginC.router(config)# line console 0router(config-line)# password ciscorouter(config-line)# loginD.router(config)# line vty 0router(config-line)# password cisco router(config-line)# login4. On point-to-point networks, OSPF hello packets are addressed to which address?A.127.0.0.1B.192.168.0.5C.224.0.0.5D.254.255.255.2555. What should be part of a comprehensive network security plan?A.Allow users to develop their own approach to network security.B.Physically secure network equipment from potential access by unauthorized individualsC.Encourage users to use personal information in their passwords to minimize the likelihood of passwords being forgottenD.Delay deployment of software patches and updates until their effect on end-user equipment is well known and widely reported6. During startup, the router displays the following error message:boot: cannot open "flash:" What will the router do next?A.Because of damaged flash memory, the router will fail the POST.B.It will attempt to locate the IOS from a TFTP server. If this fails, it will initiate the setup dialogC.It will attempt to locate the IOS from a TFTP server. If this fails, it will load a limited IOS from ROM.D.It will attempt to locate the configuration file from a TFTP server. If this fails, it will initiate the setup dialog7. At which OSI layer is a logical path created between two host systems?A.sessionB.transportworkD.physical8. A routing protocol is required that supports:1) routing update authentication2) an addressing scheme that conserves IP addresses3) multiple vendors4) a network with over 50 routersWhich routing protocol fulfills these requirements?A.RIPv1B.RIPv2C.EIGRPD.OSPF9. When a new trunk is configured on a 2950 switch, which VLANs by default are allowed over the trunk link?A.no VLANsB.all VLANsC.only VLANs 1 - 6D.only the VLANs that are specified when creating the trunk10. Which protocol provides a method of sharing VLAN configuration information between switches?A.VTPB.STPC.ISLD.802.1QDBDCB CCDBA博主的更多文章>>CCNA第一学期《Final Examination》2009-02-27 08:58:47 标签：CCNA[推送到技术圈]1请参见图示。
CCNA认证试题(中文+答案)
CCNA认证试题一（附答案和解析）中文版(一)1、目前，我国应用最为广泛的LAN标准是基于（）的以太网标准.(A) IEEE 802.1(B) IEEE 802.2(C) IEEE 802.3(D) IEEE 802.5答案：C参考知识点：现有标准：IEEE 802.1 局域网协议高层IEEE 802.2 逻辑链路控制IEEE 802.3 以太网IEEE 802.4 令牌总线IEEE 802.5 令牌环IEEE 802.8 FDDIIEEE 802.11 无线局域网记住IEEE802.1-------IEEE802.5的定义以太网是一种计算机局域网组网技术。
IEEE制定的IEEE 802.3标准给出了以太网的技术标准。
它规定了包括物理层的连线、电信号和介质访问层协议的内容。
以太网是当前应用最普遍的局域网技术。
它很大程度上取代了其他局域网标准，如令牌环、FDDI和ARCNET。
以太网的标准拓扑结构为总线型拓扑，但目前的快速以太网（100BASE-T、1000BASE-T标准）为了最大程度的减少冲突，最大程度的提高网络速度和使用效率，使用交换机（Switch）来进行网络连接和组织，这样，以太网的拓扑结构就成了星型，但在逻辑上，以太网仍然使用总线型拓扑的C***A/CD介质访问控制方法。
电气电子工程师协会或IEEE（Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers）是一个国际性的电子技术及信息科学工程师的协会。
建会于1963年1月1日。
总部在美国纽约市。
在150多个国家中它拥有300多个地方分会。
目前会员数是36万。
专业上它有35个专业学会和两个联合会。
IEEE发表多种杂志，学报，书籍和每年组织300多次专业会议。
IEEE定义的标准在工业界有极大的影响。
下面列出：IEEE802．3以太网标准802.3--------- 10Base以太网标准802.3u-------- 100Base-T（快速以太网）802.3z-------- 1000Base-X（光纤吉比特以太网）802.3ab-------- 1000Base-T（双绞线吉比特以太网）2、对于这样一个地址,192.168.19.255/20,下列说法正确的是: （）(A) 这是一个广播地址(B) 这是一个网络地址(C) 这是一个私有地址(D) 地址在192.168.19.0网段上(E) 地址在192.168.16.0网段上(F) 这是一个公有地址答案：CE注：IP地址中关键是看她的主机位，将子网掩码划为二进制，1对应上面的地址是网络位，0对应的地址是主机位192.168.19.255/20划为二进制为：11000000.10101000.00010011.1111111111111111.11111111.11110000.00000000主机位变成全0表示这个IP的网络地址主机槐涑扇?表示这个IP的广播地址RFC1918文件规定了保留作为局域网使用的私有地址：10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255(10/8 prefix)172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255 (1 72.16/12 prefix)192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255 (192.168/16 prefix)3、Quidway系列路由器在执行数据包转发时，下列哪些项没有发生变化（假定没有使用地址转换技术）？（）(A) 源端口号(B) 目的端口号(C) 源网络地址(D) 目的网络地址(E) 源MAC地址(F) 目的MAC地址答案：ABCD参考知识点：路由功能就是指选择一条从源网络到目的网络的路径，并进行数据包的转发。
CISCOCCNA网络工程师题库
CISCOCCNA网络工程师题库CCNA题库考试代号：640-802考试时刻：英文110+30=140分钟通过分数：825题库版本：V104.4鸿鹄论坛招募CCNA、CCNP答疑讲师答疑地点：鸿鹄官方YY频道3660鸿鹄大讲堂：://bbs.hh010 /thread-46172-1-1.htmlCCNA题库战报交流QQ群：144288127 （500人超级群）CCNA题库战报交流区：://bbs.hh010 /forum-261-1.html1000 G视频教程免费下载：://bbs.hh010 /forum-228-1.htmlCCNA（640-802）题库V104.4CCNA（640-802）题库V104.4（情人节版）CCNA 题库战报500人超级QQ群144288127V104系列是官方的终结版本，以后可不能再出V105 V106 V108等等CCNA 最新题库/最新战报公布区：://bbs.hh010 /forum-261-1.html下载官方正版题库、看最新考试战报，请随时关注鸿鹄论坛://bbs.hh010CCNA考试报名1900，详情请联系鸿鹄全国区十七名客服QQ 712023090-712023106========================================更新内容：V104.1修正V104中错误题目，确定经典争议题目答案；V104.2增加拖图题并可完美模拟考试，VCE题库增加中文注释；V104.3针对思科CCNA考试变题，更新考试新增题目93Q,更新V104.2实验题；V104.4增加全文中文注释，汇总V104.3九次更新，删除部分旧题目，为目前最新官方正版题库；2011.8.1 增加每日新题，修订部分错误。
2020.2.14 情人节版增加5道新题，分别是519、520、521、522、523题修改176题、375题、443题、482题答案错误修改59题、88题、453题、107题、270题注释错误增加个别疑难拖图题注释，优化实验题=============================================QUESTION 1When you are logged into a switch, which prompt indicates that you are in privileged mode? (当您登录到交换机，哪种提示说明你在特权模式？)A. %B. @C. >D. $E. #Answer: ESection: Chapter 4: Introduction to Cisco IOSExplanation/Reference:特权模式确实是#提示符QUESTION 2Which command shows system hardware and software version information?(哪些命令显示系统硬件和软件的版本信息？)A. show configurationB. show environmentC. show inventoryD. show platformE. show versionAnswer: ESection: Chapter 4: Introduction to Cisco IOSExplanation/Reference:查看系统的软件和硬件信息使用的命令是show versionQUESTION 3Cisco Catalyst switches CA T1 and CAT2 have a connection between them using ports FA0/13. An 802. 1Q trunk is configured between the two switches. On CAT1, VLAN 10 is chosen as native, but on CA T2 the native VLAN is not specified.What will happen in this scenario?(思科Catalyst 交换机CAT1 和CAT2 有它们之间的连接使用端口FA0/13。
ccna考试试题库
ccna考试试题库CCNA（Cisco Certified Network Associate）考试是思科认证网络专家的初级认证，主要测试考生在网络基础、路由、交换、无线和安全等方面的知识。
以下是一些模拟CCNA考试的试题和答案：1. 什么是子网掩码，它有什么作用？答案：子网掩码是一种IP地址的附加信息，用于指定IP地址中网络部分和主机部分的界限。
它的作用是允许路由器区分IP地址中的网络地址和主机地址，从而实现不同网络之间的路由。
2. 描述静态路由和动态路由的区别。
答案：- 静态路由：由网络管理员手动配置的路由信息，不随网络结构的变化而自动调整。
- 动态路由：由路由器根据网络拓扑的变化自动生成和更新的路由信息。
3. 什么是VLAN，它有什么好处？答案： VLAN（虚拟局域网）是一种在交换机上划分不同网络的技术，即使物理上连接在同一交换机上，也可以属于不同的VLAN。
VLAN的好处包括提高安全性、减少广播域、提高网络管理的灵活性等。
4. 简述TCP和UDP的区别。
答案：- TCP（传输控制协议）：提供可靠的、面向连接的传输服务，有流量控制和拥塞控制机制。
- UDP（用户数据报协议）：提供不可靠的、无连接的传输服务，适用于对实时性要求高的应用。
5. 什么是DHCP，它的作用是什么？答案： DHCP（动态主机配置协议）是一种网络管理协议，用于自动分配IP地址和其他网络配置信息给网络中的设备。
它的作用是简化网络配置，避免IP地址冲突。
6. 什么是NAT，它在网络中扮演什么角色？答案： NAT（网络地址转换）是一种技术，允许多个设备共享一个公共IP地址与互联网通信。
它在网络中扮演的角色是节省IP地址资源，隐藏内部网络结构。
7. 什么是STP（生成树协议）？答案： STP（生成树协议）是一种网络协议，用于在局域网中防止网络环路的产生。
通过创建一个无环的逻辑拓扑，STP确保网络的稳定性和可靠性。
8. 描述OSPF（开放最短路径优先）协议的工作原理。
思科认证网络工程师【CCNA 1-2】 OSI七层协议概述及线缆介绍
L2数据
传输媒体
物理层
从数据链路层
L2数据
到数据链路层
物理层
允许接入网络资源
应用层
表示层
会话层
传输层
网络层
数据链路层
物理层
建立、管理和终止会话
将分组从源端传送到目的端； 提供网络互联
在媒体上传输比特； 提供机械的和电气的规约
对数据进行转换、 加密和压缩
提供可靠的端到端的 报文传输和差错控制
将分组数据封装成帧； 提供节点到节点方式的传输
物理层设备-集线器
A
B
C
D
Physical
所有的设备在同一个冲突域 (collision domain) 所有的设备都在同一个广播域( broadcast domain) 设备共享带宽
终端站点越多，冲突(域)越大 采用CSMA/CD机制
物理层设备-集线器
听
数据
现在的情况是PCA和PCC都要发数据,但是两人刚才都检测到HUB上是空闲的.那么两人都发.结果发生了冲突.两人都同时启动BACK OFF动作.随机的生成一个秒数,再发数据包.如果再与其他PC发送的数据包冲突.那么再次BACK OFF,BACK OFF一共可进行15次.
5.会话层
6.表示层
7.应用层
4.传输层
2.数据链路层
1.物理层
4.传输层
2.数据链路层
3.网络层
1.物理层
5.会话层
6.表示层
7.应用层
数据
3.网络层
2.数据链路层
3.网络层
1.物理层
2.数据链路层
3.网络层
1.物理层
应用层
应用层的作用： 为应用软件提供接口，使应用程序能够使用网络服务 常见的应用层协议： http(80)、ftp(20/21)、smtp(25)、pop3(110)、telnet(23)、dns(53)等
思科认证考试题库
CCNA640-802 V13题库试题分析题库讲解：吴老师（艾迪飞CCIE实验室首发网站：1. What are two reasons that a network administrator would use access lists? (Choose two.)A. to control vty access into a routerB. to control broadcast traffic through a routerC. to filter traffic as it passes through a routerD. to filter traffic that originates from the routerE. to replace passwords as a line of defense against security incursionsAnswer: AC解释一下：在VTY线路下应用ACL，可以控制从VTY线路进来的telnet的流量。
也可以过滤穿越一台路由器的流量。
2. A default Frame Relay WAN is classified as what type of physical network?A. point-to-pointB. broadcast multi-accessC. nonbroadcast multi-accessD. nonbroadcast multipointE. broadcast point-to-multipointAnswer: C解释一下：在默认的情况下，帧中继为非广播多路访问链路。
但是也可以通过子接口来修改他的网络的类型。
3．Refer to the exhibit. How many broadcast domains exist in the exhibited topology?A. oneB. twoC. threeD. fourE. fiveF. sixAnswer: C解释一下：广播域的问题，在默认的情况下，每个交换机是不能隔离广播域的，所以在同一个区域的所有交换机都在同一个广播域中，但是为了减少广播的危害，将广播限制在一个更小的范围，有了VLAN的概念，VLAN表示的是一个虚拟的局域网，而他的作用就是隔离广播。
思科第一学期期末考试最新考题CCNA1
1Refer to the exhibit. Which Layer 2 protocol could be used inside nework A and network C?IPTCPUDPEthernet2Refer to the exhibit. Which set of devices contains only intermediary devices?A, B, D, GA, B, E, FC, D, G, IG, H, I, J3Refer to the exhibit. The headers added at each layer are shown. Which layer adds the destination and source process num ensure that data is delivered to the correct application?physical layerdata link layernetwork layertransport layer4The Layer 4 header contains which type of information to aid in the delivery of data?service port numberhost logical addressdevice physical addressvirtual connection identifier5Which fiber connector supports full-duplex Ethernet?6Which device should be used for routing a packet to a remote network?access switchDHCP serverhubrouter7Refer to the exhibit. Host A sends a frame to host C with a destination MAC address CC. The MAC address for host C is no table of switch SW1. How will SW1 handle the frame?Switch SW1 will drop the frame.Switch SW1 will forward the frame to host C.Switch SW1 will flood the frame out all ports.Switch SW1 will flood the frame out all ports except port Fa0/1.8Refer to the exhibit. A network technician has made several changes to R1 since the configuration has last been saved. Th configuration did not produce the desired changes. The technician wants to store a backup copy of the saved configuration server before reloading. Which action will cause the unmodified data to be saved on the TFTP server?9Which three statements are true about network layer addressing? (Choose three.)It uniquely identifies each host.It assists in forwarding packets across internetworks.It uses a logical 32-bit IPv4 address.It is not a configurable address.It is a physical address.It identifies the host from the first part of the address.10What is the result of using the clock rate 56000 command at the serial interface of the router?The interface is configured as a DCE device.The interface timers are cleared.The FastEthernet interface is made to emulate a serial interface by assigning it a timing signal.The IP address for the serial interface is configured.11Examine the graphic with current configurations. Host A in the Clerical office failed and was replaced. Although a ping to 12 successful, the replacement computer cannot access the company network. With proxy ARP disabled on the Fa0/0 interfac York router, what is the likely cause of the problem?network card failurenetwork cables unpluggedIP address incorrectly enteredsubnet mask incorrectly entered12As network administrator, what is the subnet mask that allows 510 hosts given the IP address 172.30.0.0?255.255.0.0255.255.248.0255.255.252.0255.255.254.0255.255.255.0255.255.255.12813Which OSI layer uses a connection-oriented protocol to ensure reliable delivery of data?application layerpresentation layersession layertransport layer14 A network has grown too large for technicians to configure network addresses and hosts files for name resolution. Which twlayer services should be added to the server to allow these needs to be satisfied dynamically? (Choose two.)DNSFTPDHCPHTTPSMTP15Refer to the exhibit. Host A wants to access the Internet. Which combination of a Layer 2 address and a Layer 3 address w access from host A?Destination MAC: 0030.8596.DE83 Default gateway: 209.165.202.130Destination MAC: 0030.8596.DE82 Default gateway: 172.16.9.2Destination MAC: 0030.8517.44C4 Default gateway: 172.16.1.1Destination MAC: 0030.8517.44C4 Default gateway: 209.165.202.13016 A network administrator is asked to design a new addressing scheme for a corporate network. There are 60 users in the musers in the branch office, 28 users in manufacturing, 12 in the sales office, and 4 users in the research office. Which VLSM scheme that uses the 192.168.88.0/24 network will fulfill the requirements while wasting the fewest addresses?192.168.88.0/26 main192.168.88.64/26 manufacturing192.168.88.96/27 sales192.168.88.128/28 research192.168.88.0/26 main192.168.88.128/27 manufacturing192.168.88.160/28 sales192.168.88.176/29 research192.168.88.0/27 main192.168.88.64/28 manufacturing192.168.88.80/29 sales192.168.88.88/30 research192.168.88.0/27 main192.168.88.80/28 manufacturing192.168.88.96/29 sales192.168.88.104/30 research17Which physical connector type is used for a serial V.35 connection to the CSU/DSU?18Refer to the exhibit. Which two facts can be determined about the topology? (Choose two.)Four collision domains are present.One logical network is represented.Two broadcast domains are present.Three networks are needed.Three logical address ranges are required.19What are three characteristics of CSMA/CD? (Choose three.)It monitors the media for presence of a data signal.After detecting a collision, hosts can resume transmission after a random timer has expired.A jam signal is used to ensure that all hosts are aware that a collision has occurred.Devices can be configured with a higher transmission priority.Data is transmitted only when the data signal is present.It uses a token system to avoid collisions.20Refer to the exhibit. The serial interface of the router was configured with the use of the commands that are shown. The rou ping the router that is directly connected to interface serial 0/0/0. What should the network technician do to solve this probleConfigure the description at interface serial 0/0/0.Configure an IP address on interface serial 0/0/0.Remove the no shutdown command at interface serial 0/0/0Reboot the router.21Which OSI layer uses the header information to reassemble the data segments into streams?application layernetwork layerpresentation layersession layertransport layer22Refer to the exhibit. The NAT functionality of the router is enabled to provide Internet access to the PC. However, the PC is access the Internet. Which IP address should be changed to 209.165.201.1 to enable the PC to access the Internet?192.168.1.191192.168.1.101192.168.1.1192.168.1.25423Refer to the exhibit. A technician uses the nslookup command on the PC and views the output that is displayed in the exhib IP address of the primary domain name server used by the host?10.10.10.32192.168.1.5192.168.1.99192.168.2.10024Which memory contents will change as a result of using the Router# erase startup-config command on a router?RAMROMflashNVRAM25While configuring a router, a network technician wants to name the router. Which prompt should the technician see when e hostname command?Router>Router#Router(config)#Router(config-line)#26Refer to the exhibit. The PC, the routing table of which is displayed, is configured correctly. To which network device or inte IP address 192.168.1.254 belong?PCswitchrouter interface fa0/0router interface fa0/127Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is troubleshooting a link that is down between Router1 and Router2. To correc which wire pairs need to be switched on one of the Ethernet cable ends?pair 1 and pair 2pair 1 and pair 3pair 2 and pair 3pair 2 and pair 428Refer to the exhibit. A PC is connected to a network. Which action will verify that the PC can communicate with its default gUse the ping 127.0.0.1 command.Use the ipconfig command.Use the ipconfig/all command.Use the ping 10.0.0.254 command.29Refer to the exhibit. Host B was powered off. What change will occur in the MAC table of the switch?The table will remain unaffected.The switch will remove the MAC address at Fa0/19.The switch will retain the MAC address until host B is powered on again.The switch will rebuild the MAC table by assigning the FFFF.FFFF.FFFF address to port Fa0/19.30What information is contained in the header of Layer 3 to help data delivery?port numberdevice physical addressdestination host logical addressvirtual connection identifier31 A network technician is tasked with setting up a network for six users, but the users should be able to use their accounts toany of the six computers. What type of network should be used?workgroupP2P applicationspeer-to-peer networkclient-server network32Refer to the exhibit. A web browser is running on host PC1 with an IP address 10.10.2.2/24. A dynamic port number of 4915 to the browser. The browser sends a request for a web page to the web server with an IP address 192.168.1.254/24. Which true?The session is established using TCP, and the socket number for the web server is 192.168.1.254: 80.The session is established using TCP, and the socket number for the web server is 192.168.1.254: 49152.The session is established using UDP, and the socket number for the web server is 192.168.1.254: 80.The session is established using UDP, and the socket number for the web server is 192.168.1.254: 49152.33Refer to the exhibit. An administrator on PC1 wants to view some HTML code from a web page housed on the web server. application will allow this request to be started?34Refer to the exhibit. What is required on host A for a network technician to create the initial configuration on Router1?an FTP clienta Telnet clienta terminal emulation programa web browser35What are two characteristics of the data link layer? (Choose two.)It segments and reorders the data.It exchanges the frames between nodes.It defines the method by which network devices place data onto the media.It manages the transfer of data between the processes that run on each host.It retrieves signals from the media and restores them to their bit representations.36 A network administrator wants to restrict access to the router privileged EXEC mode. Which password should the administrenableauxconsoleVTY37Which three IPv4 addresses represent a broadcast for a subnet? (Choose three.)172.16.4.63 /26172.16.4.129 /26172.16.4.191 /26172.16.4.51 /27172.16.4.95 /27172.16.4.221 /2738Refer to the exhibit. Host X is unable to communicate with host Y. Which command can be run at host X to determine which device is responsible for this failure?telnet 192.168.1.1ping 192.168.1.1ftp 192.168.1.1tracert 192.168.1.139Refer to the exhibit. Which option shows the correct topology given the configuration of Router1?40If an administrator wished to return a router to the default state, what additional step must be taken after issuing the comma start-up config?Reload the device.Issue the command copy running-config start-up config.Perform a show running-config to verify that the file was removed.Enter the interface commands to allow the device to connect to the network.41By using the ipconfig command, a network administrator determines that a workstation has the address 192.168.3.38 with the subnet mask. To what network does the workstation belong?192.168.3.8192.168.3.16192.168.3.24192.168.3.3242Which statement is true about router hostnames?A hostname should be unique on each router.A router hostname cannot contain capital letters.A router hostname is configured in privileged executive mode.A router hostname must be created before any other configurations can be added to the device.43 A user types the enable command. What task can be performed at the privileged EXEC mode?Configure the device.Configure individual interfaces.Configure individual terminal lines.Issue show and debug commands.44Refer to the exhibit. Which logical topology describes the exhibited network?starringpoint-to-pointmulti-access45Refer to the exhibit. A user wants to access the Internet from the PC. A part of the running configuration of the router is sho default gateway IP address should be configured at the PC to enable this access?10.1.192.110.1.192.210.1.192.54192.31.7.146Which statement is true about the ICMP protocol?It is an application layer protocol.It is designed to make IP a reliable protocol.It is often filtered out of networks for security purposes.If a host does not respond to an ICMP echo request, the host is not functioning.47Refer to the exhibit. At which OSI layer is serial interface 0/0/1 experiencing problems?Layer 1Layer 2Layer 3Layer 448Refer to the exhibit. The host was disconnected from switch 2 and connected to switch 1. Which combination of IP address, and default gateway should be assigned to this host to allow it to function in the network?IP address: 10.10.9.37 Subnet mask: 255.255.255.240 Default gateway: 10.10.9.35IP address: 10.10.9.37 Subnet mask: 255.255.255.224 Default gateway: 10.10.9.35IP address: 10.10.9.29 Subnet mask: 255.255.255.248 Default gateway: 10.10.9.35IP address: 10.10.9.32 Subnet mask: 255.255.255.224 Default gateway: 10.10.9.35IP address: 10.10.9.37 Subnet mask: 255.255.255.224 Default gateway: 196.1.105.6IP address: 10.10.9.63 Subnet mask: 255.255.255.224 Default gateway: 10.10.9.3549Refer to the exhibit. The diagram represents the process of sending email between clients. Select the list below that correc the component or protocol used at each numbered stage of the diagram.1.MUA2.MDA3.MTA4.SMTP5.MTA6.POP7.MDA8.MUA1.MUA2.POP3.MDA4.SMTP5.MTA6.MDA7.SMTP8.MUA1.MUA2.POP3.SMTP4.MDA5.MTA6.SMTP7.POP8.MUA1.MDA2.SMTP3.MTA4.SMTP5.MTA6.MUA7.POP8.MDA1.MUA2.SMTP3.MTA4.SMTP5.MTA6.MDA7.POP8.MUA50What is the Cisco IOS?system software for Cisco devicesRead Only Memory in Cisco devicesnon-volatile storage for device configurationsan initial operating system that is used for boot functions（注：文档可能无法思考全面，请浏览后下载，供参考。
思科认证CCNA基础知识之IP地址和子网掩码
思科认证CCNA基础知识之IP地址和子网掩码一、为什么要使用IP地址？一个IP地址是用来标识网络中的一个通信实体，比如一台主机，或者是路由器的某一个端口。
而在基于IP协议网络中传输的数据包，也都必须使用IP地址来进行标识，如同我们写一封信，要标明收信人的通信地址和发信人的地址，而邮政工作人员则通过该地址来决定邮件的去向。
同样的过程也发生在计算机网络里，每个被传输的数据包也要包括的一个源IP地址和一个目的IP地址，当该数据包在网络中进行传输时，这两个地址要保持不变，以确保网络设备总是能根据确定的IP地址，将数据包从源通信实体送往指定的目的通信实体。
目前，IP地址使用32位二进制地址格式，为方便记忆，通常使用以点号划分的十进制来表示，如：202.112.14.1。
一个IP地址主要由两部分组成：一部分是用于标识该地址所从属的网络号；另一部分用于指明该网络上某个特定主机的主机号。
为了给不同规模的网络提供必要的灵活性，IP地址的设计者将IP地址空间划分为五个不同的地址类别，如下表所示，其中A,B,C三类最为常用：A类0－127 0 8位24位B类128－191 10 16位16位C类192－223 110 24位8位D类224－239 1110 组播地址E类240－255 1111 保留试验使用网络号由因特网权力机构分配，目的是为了保证网络地址的全球唯一性。
主机地址由各个网络的管理员统一分配。
因此，网络地址的唯一性与网络内主机地址的唯一性确保了IP 地址的全球唯一性。
二、划分子网为了提高IP地址的使用效率，可将一个网络划分为子网：采用借位的方式，从主机位最高位开始借位变为新的子网位，所剩余的部分则仍为主机位。
这使得IP地址的结构分为三部分：网络位、子网位和主机位。
引入子网概念后，网络位加上子网位才能全局唯一地标识一个网络。
把所有的网络位用1来标识，主机位用0来标识，就得到了子网掩码。
如下图所示的子网掩码转换为十进制之后为：255.255.255.224子网编址使得IP地址具有一定的内部层次结构，这种层次结构便于IP地址分配和管理。
最新CCNA认证考试真题
最新CCNA认证考试真题小编为大家收集整理了《最新CCNA认证考试真题》供大家参考，希望对大家有所帮助！！！（1）TCP/IP Addressing and Protocol1: Your junior network administrator wants to know what the default subnet mask is for a Class C IP address. What do you tell him?A. 255.0.0.0B. 255.255.0.0C. 255.245.255.0D. 255.255.255.0E. 255.255.255.255 2: An application needs to have reliable, end-to-end connect-ivity. Which of the following protocols will give you reliable connectivity?A. TCPB. UDPC. IPD. ICMP 3: You are designing a network, which needs to support 55 users. You don't plan to extend the segment beyond the current number of users. Which subnet mask would best meet your needs?A. 255.255.0.0B. 255.255.255.0C. 255.255.255.192D. 255.255.255.160 4: You have added a new switch to your network. You want to manage it remotely, so you need to assign it an IP address. Your router that connects to the switch has an IP address of 172.16.12.33/27. Which of the following addresses can you assign to this switch?A. 172.16.12.33/28B. 172.16.12.32/27C. 172.16.12.33/27D. 172.16.12.34/27E. 172.16.12.35/28F. 172.16.12.38/28G. 172.16.12.63/27 5: The address 172.16.208.16/20 is a host address in which of the following subnets? A.172.16.176.0–255.255.240.0B. 172.16.192.0–255.255.240.0C. 172.16.208.0–255.255.240.0D. 172.16.224.0–255.255.240.0 6: You are designing an IP address scheme for your brand new remote office. The vice president of IT calls to tell you that you will be in charge of the 192.168.1.64/26 subnetwork. This supplies you with a single subnetwork with 62 hosts. You need to have at least two subnets with 14 hosts in each subnet. What custom subnet mask should you use?A. 255.255.255.128B. 255.255.255.192C. 255.255.255.224D. 255.255.255.240E. 255.255.255.248 7: You have subnetted the 210.106.14.0 network with a /24 mask. Your boss at Acme, Inc. wants toknow how many usable subnetworks and usable host addresses per subnet this would provide. What should you tell her?A. One network with 254 hostsB. Two networks with 128 hostsC. Four networks with 64 hostsD. Six networks with 30 hosts 8: Identify three valid host addresses in any subnet of the 201.168.27.0 network, assuming a fixed subnet mask of 255.255.255.240. (Choose three.)A. 201.168.27.33B. 201.168.27.112C. 201.168.27.119D. 201.168.27.126E. 201.168.27.175F. 201.168.27.208 9: What is the subnetwork address for a host with the IP address 201.100.5.68/28?A. 201.100.5.0B. 201.100.5.32C. 201.100.5.64D. 201.100.5.65E. 201.100.5.31F. 201.100.5.1 10: Which of the following protocols uses a three-way handshake mechanism to establish sessions?A. TCPB. IPC. UDPD. IPXE. Frame relay 11: Which of the following protocols is connection-oriented? A. TCPB. IPC. IPXD. Frame relay 12: You are using an application on your Windows 2000 client machines that provides errorcorrection. You need a protocol to provide fast transport. Which protocol should your application use?A. TCPB. IPC. UDPD. SPXE. AppleTalk 13: When using TCP, after a session is open, the applications can adjust the number of segments they receive before sending an acknowledgment. This behavior is known as ______________.A. MTU adjustmentB. WindowingC. Flexible Send PathD. FCS 14: If the destination did not receive a segment, how will the TCP host know to resend the information?A. The ACK received will not include the segment number that was not received.B. The ACK received will include the segment number that was not received.C. The sending host will send a PACK to verify segment receipt.D. The destination host will send a YACK message back to the sending host. 15: You are planning on using a single network that supports 208 users. Which IP address class would you choose to be the most efficient?A. Class AB. Class BC. Class CD. Class DE. Class E 16: RFC 1918 defines the private IP address ranges. Which of the following IP addresses are considered part of these ranges? (Choose three.)A. 10.23.45.67B. 126.21.34.56C. 172.16.32.1D. 172.31.234.55E. 192.169.4.5 17: A new network is being designed for your company, Acme, Inc. If you use a Class C IP network, which subnet mask will provide one usable subnet per department while allowing enough usable host addresses for each department specified in the table?Department Number of Users Corporate 7 Customer Support 15 Financial 13 HR 7 Engineering 16 A. 255.255.255.0B. 255.255.255.192C. 255.255.255.224D. 255.255.255.240E. 255.255.255.248 18: Which of these protocols provides data transport, relying on the error correctioncapabilities of the application itself?A. UDPB. TCPC. SNMPD. ICMP 19: Which of the following are used by TCP to ensure reliable delivery of data? (Choose two.)A. MAC address resolutionB. Sequence numbersC. AcknowledgmentsD. PingE. Routing updates 20: You discover that you are able to adjust the window size of the TCP segment. You increase the window size to test the results. What will you observe happening on your network?A. Increased throughputB. Decreased throughputC. Increased latencyD. Decreased reliability21: Your organization is using the 192.168.1.0/24 address space. You need 28 subnets. What subnet mask would you use to create these subnets?A. 255.255.255.0B. 255.255.255.128C. 255.255.255.192D. 255.255.255.224E. 255.255.255.240F. 255.255.255.248 22: Which of the following protocols maps IP addresses to MAC addresses for connectivity to occur between two hosts?A. ARPB. RARPC. SLARPD. DHCP 23: Your junior network administrator cannot seem to ping a host in another network and asks you why it isn't working. Which of the following is not an answer that you would give him?A. The host's default gateway is down.B. The destination host is not powered on.C. The IP address of the router interface is incorrect.D. The IP address of the switch to which the destination host connects is incorrect.E. The host is in a different subnet. 24: Which of the following classes of IP addresses is utilized for multicasting?A. Class AB. Class BC. Class CD. Class D 25: You give your IT department a spreadsheet of IP addresses and their subnets. You receive a call from one of the junior techs asking what the /26 means next to the IP addresses. You tell her: A. It represents the number of hosts possible on that subnetwork.B. It represents the number of subnetworks that are being used.C. It represents the class of IP address being used.D. It represents the number of bits in the subnet mask that are 1. 26: You are given an IP network of 192.168.5.0 and told that you need to separate this network into subnetworks that can support a maximum of 16 hosts per subnet. This will help alleviate congestion on the network. What subnet mask can you use to create the subnets necessary to meet the given criteria?A. 255.0.0.0B. 255.255.0.0C. 255.255.255.0D. 255.255.255.224E. 255.255.255.240 27: Which of the following would a Class A network be assigned to?A. Government agencyB. Small-to-medium sized corporationC. SOHOD. An individual 28: A client has the IP address192.168.5.98/27. Which of the following addresses are on the same subnet as this host? (Choose two.)A. 192.168.5.95B. 192.168.5.100C. 192.168.5.128D. 192.168.5.110 29: Which of the following IP addresses is not a public IP address that can be routed over the Internet?A. 2.3.4.5B. 11.12.13.14C. 165.23.224.2D. 172.31.45.34E. 203.33.45.22 30: You are given a Class B network. Whatis the default subnet mask assigned to the Class B network?A. 255.255.255.255B. 255.255.0.0D. 0.0.0.0 31: You are troubleshooting your router's interfaces. For some reason, the Ethernet interface will not accept the IP address of 192.168.5.95/27 that you've assigned. Which of the following explains the router's refusal to take the IP address?A. Class C addresses cannot be assigned to Ethernet interfaces.B. The /27 is an invalid mask.C. It is a broadcast address.D. It is a public IP address.E. It is a private IP address. 32: You are a network technician at Acme, Inc. You are required to divide the 172.12.0.0 network into subnets. Each subnet must have the capacity of 458 IP addresses. Also, according to the requirements, you must provide the maximum number of subnets. Which subnet mask should you use?A. 255.255.255.254C. 255.255.240.254D. 255.255.0.0 33: What is the subnetwork and broadcast IP address of 192.168.2.37 with the subnet mask of255.255.255.248?A. 192.168.2.24/192.168.2.31B. 192.168.2.32/192.168.2.39C. 192.168.2.40/192.168.2.47D. 192.168.2.48/192.168.2.55E. 192.168.2.56/192.168.2.63 34: One of your co-workers at Acme, Inc., needs to convert the binary number 11011010 into a decimal. What is the decimal equivalent?A. 218B. 219C. 220D. 221E. 222 35: One of your co-workers at Acme, Inc., needs to convert the binary number 01011010 into a decimal. What is the decimal equivalent?A. 75B. 83C. 90D. 97 36: One of your co-workers at Acme, Inc., needs to convert the binary number 11010110 into a decimal. What is the decimal equivalent?A. 198B. 214C. 252D. 255 37: One of your co-workers at Acme, Inc., needs to convert the binary number 10110110 into a decimal. What is the decimal equivalent?A. 182B. 192C. 202D. 212 38: You are configuring a subnet for the Acme, Inc., branch office in Beijing. You need to assign IP addresses to hosts in this subnet. You have been given the subnet mask of 255.255.255.224. Which of these IP addresses would be valid? (Choose three.)A. 15.234.118.63B. 92.11.178.93C. 134.178.18.56D. 192.168.16.87E. 201.45.116.159F. 217.63.12.192 39: You are a network technician at Acme, Inc. You have subnetted the 208.98.112.0 network with a /28 mask. Your boss asks you how many usable subnetworks and usable host addresses per subnet this will provide. What should you tell her, assuming your router is using ip subnet-zero?A. 62 networks and 2 hostsC. 8 networks and 32 hostsD. 16 networks and 16 hostsE. 16 networks and 14 hosts 40: What is a disadvantage of using a connection-oriented protocol such as TCP?A. Packet acknowledgment might add overhead.B. Packets are not tagged with sequence numbers.C. Loss or duplication of data packets is more likely to occur.D. The application layer must assume responsibility for the correct sequencing of the data packets. 41: You are a network technician at Acme, Inc. You have subnetted the 192.168.72.0 network with a /30 mask for connections between your routers. Your boss asks you how many usable subnetworks and usable host addresses per subnet this will provide. What should you tell her, assuming your router cannot use ip subnet-zero?A. 62 networks and 2 hostsC. 8 networks and 32 hostsD. 16 networks and 16 hostsE. 14 networks and 14 hosts 42: Which of the following IP addresses are considered "network" addresses with a /26 prefix? (Choose two.)A. 165.203.2.0B. 165.203.5.192C. 165.203.6.63D. 165.203.6.191E. 165.203.8.255 43: Identify three valid hosts in any subnet of 192.168.32.0, assuming the subnet mask used is 255.255.255.240. (Choose three.)A. 192.168.32.33B. 192.168.32.112C. 192.168.32.119D. 192.168.32.126E. 192.168.32.175F. 192.168.32.208 44: A Class C network address has been subnetted with a /27 mask. Which of the following addresses is a broadcast address for one of the resulting subnets?A. 198.57.78.33B. 198.57.78.64C. 198.57.78.97D. 198.57.78.97E. 198.57.78.159F. 198.57.78.254 45: What is the subnetwork address for a host with IP address 165.100.5.68/28?A. 165.100.5.0B. 165.100.5.32C. 165.100.5.64D. 165.100.5.65E. 165.100.5.31F. 165.100.5.1 46: Your boss wants to know what TCP stands for. What do you tell him?A. Transmission Check ProtocolB. Transport Check ProtocolC. Transmission Control ProtocolD. Transport Control Protocol 47: Your boss wants to know what UDP stands for. What do you tell him?A. Unreliable Data ProtocolB. Unreliable Data ProgramC. User-Defined ProtocolD. User Datagram Protocol 48: Which of the following statements accurately describes UDP?A. UDP copies files between a computer and a system running rshd, the remote shell service (daemon).B. UDP is a member of the TCP/IP suite of protocols that governs the exchange of electronic mail between message transfer agents.C. UDP is a member of the TCP/IP suite of protocols and is used to copy files between two computers on the Internet. Both computers must support their respective roles: one must be a client, and the other a server.D. UDP is a TCP complement that offers a connectionless datagram service guaranteeing neither delivery nor correct sequencing of delivered packets (much like IP). 49: Which of the following host addresses are members of networks that can be routed across the public Internet? (Choose three.)A. 10.20.12.64B. 172.16.32.129C. 172.64.32.34D. 192.168.23.252E. 196.104.12.95F. 214.192.48.254 50: You are connecting your Serial 0/1 interface to the Internet. Which of the following need to be done for the connection to work? (Choose two.)A. Assign a public IP address.B. Use the shutdown command.C. Use the no shutdown command.D. Make sure the interface is running in full-duplex.（2）Basic IOS Configuration1: In which of the following modes in Cisco's IOS can you issue show commands? (Choose two.)A. UserB. PrivilegedC. Line ConfigurationD. Global Configuration 2: Yo u are the network administrator for a large corporation. You want to be able to store all your configurations in a centralized location. Which of these servers will allow you to do so? (Choose two.)A. FTPB. TFTPC. SQLD. Oracle 3: You need to troubleshoot your network IP connectivity. Which of the following commands would you use to find the IP address on your Ethernet 0 interface?A. pingB. IPConfigC. tracerouteD. Show interface Ethernet 0 4: Which command would you use at the CLI in User mode to enter Privileged EXEC mode?A. PrivilegeB. AdminC. EnableD. Disable 5: You have just received 14 Catalyst switches for your network. You would like to install these switches into your production network to provide separate collision domains for each of the connected devices. What configuration is required to provide this functionality? A. No configuration is required.B. You must set up an IP address on the switch.C. You must configure unique VLANs on the switches.D. You must install the Cisco IOS. 6: Which of the following prompts indicates your router is in Privileged EXEC mode?A. Router>B. Router#C. Router&D. Router$ 7: You have made a console connection to your Cisco Catalyst switch and you see the > symbol in HyperTerminal. What does it mean?A. You are in Privileged EXEC mode.B. You are in User EXEC mode.C. The switch has not been configured.D. The switch is in need of repairs. 8: You would like to assign a meaningful name to your Catalyst switch. What command should you use?A. enableB. host nameC. hostnameD. name 9: You need to assign an IP address to your Catalyst 2950 switch. You are at the HQ_SW1> prompt. What is the correct series of commands? (cr = carriage return)A. enable ip address 10.1.1.1B. enable ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0C. enable configure terminal ip address 10.1.1.1255.255.255.0D. enable configure terminal interface vlan 1 ip address10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 10: Which of the following commands displays the syntax for the clock command?A. cl?B. clock?C. clock ?D. cl ?11: Which of the following commands allows you to configure a welcoming message whenever you log in to a router?A. Router(config)# banner messageB. Router(config)# banner motd &C. Router# banner motd #D. Router# banner message ! 12: You need to connect to your 2621XM router to configure an interface. Which of the following methods allows you to connect to and issue commands on the router? (Choose three.) A. TelnetB. FTPC. Console connectionD. AUX connection 13: You want to prevent unauthorized users from plugging their laptops into the router. What type of password helps prevent this issue?A. vtyB. InterfaceC. ConsoleD. Enable 14: You have connected to the console port and are running HyperTerminal. You see only scrambled characters and symbols. What is the most likely solution to this problem?A. Change the connectors.B. Use a different Terminal program.C. Reset the router.D. Adjust the baud rate of your COM port.[View full size image] 15: Which of the following commands would you type to receive this output shown in the figure above?A. Show running-configB. Show startup-configC. Show ip routeD. Show version 16: You are configuring a router named East for authentication with a router named West using CHAP. What username should you configure on East to allow the routers to communicate?A. EastB. WestC. SouthD. North 17: What is the default point-to-point encapsulation protocol used on a Cisco router?A. PPPB. SLIPC. HDLCD. ATM 18: What type of handshake occurs with CHAP authentication?A. One-wayB. Two-wayC. Three-wayD. Mutual 19: You have connected to your Cisco router through a Telnet connection. To test one of your connections, you use a debug ip packet command. Even though you are sure traffic is passing through your router,nothing is reported in your terminal window. What is the most likely cause of this problem?A. There is no debug ip packet command.B. You need to type in the terminal monitor command to see debug output from a Telnet session.C. This command displays information only if the interface experiences trouble. No output indicates that the interface is fine.D. Cisco routers do not allow you to enable debug commands remotely due to security restrictions.[View full size image] 20: Which of the following commands would you type to see this output on your Cisco router shown in the previous figure?A. Show versionB. Show running-configC. Show startup-configD. Show router setup21: Which of the following commands would you type to see this output shown in the figure above?A. Show interface Ethernet 0/0B. Show ip interface detailC. Show interface Serial 0/1D. Show ip interface brief22: Your routers at ACME, Inc., are having someconnectivity issues. You issue show commands for each connecting router's interface. Why are they unable to communicate (see figures above)?A. Incorrect IP addressB. Wrong routing protocolC. Bad cableD. Encapsulation mismatch 23: You need to back up the configurations you just made, but no TFTP servers are available. Which of the following commands are options to back up your currently running configuration? (Choose two.)A. Router1#copy running-config startup-configB. Router1#copy running-config flashC. Router1#copy startup-config running-configD. Router1#copy running-config http 24: You are consulting a small business that is establishing its first WAN link. The client wants to know what encapsulation you will be using on the link. Which of the following are valid encapsulations for WAN links? (Choose three.)A. Frame relayB. EthernetC. Token ringD. PPPE. HDLC 25: Your boss is concerned about security on your network. She wants to make sure that no one can identify passwords if he or she happens to view a configuration on your router. What command encrypts all passwords on your router?A. Router1#service password-encryptionB. Router1(config)#service password-encryptionC. Router1#enable secret passwordD. Router1(config)#enable secret password 26: You need to set up a password that will prevent unauthorized users from telnetting into your router. What series of commands would you use?A. Acme1(config)# line console 0 Acme1(config-line)# password acme Acme1(config-line)# loginB. Acme1(config)# line vty 0 Acme1(config-line)# enable password acmeC. Acme1(config)# line vty 0 Acme1(config-line)# enable secret acme Acme1(config-line)# loginD. Acme1(config)# line vty 0 Acme1(config-line)# password acme Acme1(config-line)# login27: When you are setting up your serial interfaces, what does the clockrate command do for your connection?A. Establishes the timing at which you send dataB. Establishes keepalivesC. Establishes the advertised bandwidthD. Establishes the time on the router 28: You need to set up passwords on all your default Telnet lines. What command would you start with?A. Router1(config)#telnet configurationB. Router1(config)#interface Ethernet 0/1C. Router1(config)#line vty 1 5D. Router1(config)#line vty 0 4 29: You can execute show commands at which prompt? (Choose two.)A. Router1#B. Router1(config)#C. Router1(config-router)#D. Router1>E. romon1> 30: You are configuring your router and type in an Enable password and an Enable Secret password. Your fellow network technician asks you why you have two passwords set when you need only one. What do you tell him?A. The Enable password is used by low-level applications.B. If you reverted to an older version of the IOS, it would not understand the Secret password.C. Both passwords are treated the same.D. It is a failsafe method of ensuring that people need to type two passwords instead of just one.31: You need to get back to Privileged EXEC mode from Interface Configuration mode. What is the quickest method?A. Ctrl+Shift+6; then press XB. Ctrl+EscC. Ctrl+ZD. Type exit 32: When you are establishing a PPP link, which of the following would be negotiated? (Choose three.)A. IPCPB. CHAPC. UDPD. Q.931E. Multilink Protocol 33: Which of the following commands returns your router to a previously saved configuration?A. Router1#setupB. Router1#copy running-config startup-configC. Router1#copy startup-config running-configD. Router1#reload 34: You are in Interface Configuration mode and would like to recall the last command you typed, move your cursor to the beginning of the command line, and type no before the recalled command. You notice your up- and down-arrow keys do not function because you are using an older terminal program. What command combinations could you use to recall the previous command and move your cursor to the beginning of the line?Press Ctrl+P to recall the previous command and Ctrl+A to move to the beginning of the command line.Press Ctrl+L to recall the previous command and Ctrl+B to move to the beginning of the command line.Press Ctrl+D to recall the previous command and Ctrl+A to move to the beginning of the command line.Press Ctrl+E to recall the previous command and Ctrl+A to move to the beginning of the command line. 35: What is the baud rate setting for your terminal emulation program so that you can communicate through your console port?A. 2400B. 9600C. 14400D. 36300 36: What must be configured on a Cisco device to enable Telnet functionality?A. A management IP addressB. SNMPC. CDPD. vty ports 37: You are configuring your Cisco router and need to go back to User EXEC mode. What command takes you back to User EXEC mode?A. Router1#enableB. Router1#exitC. Router1#configure terminalD. Router1#disable 38: Which of the following commands places an IP address on your Catalyst switch?A. Switch1#ip address 10.2.2.2 255.255.255.0B. Switch1(config)#Set IP 10.2.2.2 255.255.255.0C. Switch1(config-vlan)#ip address 10.2.2.2D. Switch1(config-vlan)#ip address 10.2.2.2 255.255.255.0 39: Which of the following commands would you enter to receive this output shown in the figure above?A. Router1#show NVRAMB. Router1#show FlashC. Router1#show Flash-MemD. Router1#show Version 40: Your senior network administrator is unable to telnet to a Catalyst switch because she forgot the IP address. You have physical access and are able to console in. Which of the following commands is the best to get the IP address on the switch? A.Switch1#show ipB. Switch1#show vlan 1C. Switch1#show ip routeD. Switch1#show interface vlan141: You have powered up your Cisco 3640 router. The first thing you see is this output. Which of the following statements about this screen is accurate (see figure above)?A. Your IOS is corrupt and unable to load.B. Your configuration is missing parameters.C. You do not have a configuration saved in NVRAM.D. You have typed setup in the Privileged mode. 42: You type in a command and are shown the following output:% Ambiguous command: "show con"What does this mean?A. You did not enter enough characters for your device to recognize the command.B. You did not enter all the keywords or values required by this command.C. You entered the command incorrectly.D. Context-sensitive help is unable to help you with this command. 43: You are typing a command into the Cisco IOS.It is more than one terminal line long. What will the IOS do?A. The router automatically moves the cursor to the next line and uses a caret (^) to indicate the line break.B. The router truncates the command because commands longer than one line are not allowed.C. The router automatically scrolls the line to the left and uses a dollar sign ($) to indicate that there is text to the left of the $.D. The router shortens all the commands to squeeze the command on to the screen. 44: You want to change the size of the command history buffer. Which of the following commands will set it permanently to 100?A. Router1#terminal history 100B. Router1#history size 100C. Router1(config)#terminal history 100D. Router1(config-line)#history size 100 45: You have configured a description on your serial interfaces. Which of the following commands displays the description? (Choose two.)A. Show running-configB. Show flashC. Show interfacesD. Show ip protocols 46: You are typing commands into your Cisco IOS on your 3640 router. However, your typing is consistently interrupted by console messages, forcing you to retype. Which of the following commands forces the IOS to retype your original input after it displays the console message?A. Exec-timeoutB. Logging synchronousC. Line consoleD. Exec message readout 47: You are configuring a router and issue the command interface ethernet 1/0/0. What do the numbers represent?A. Slot/port/interfaceB. Slot/interface/portC. Port/slot/port numberD. Slot/port adapter/port number 48: Which of the following commands correctly sets the physical speed of a serial interface to 64Kbps?A. Router1(config-if)#bandwidth 64B. Router1(config-if)#bandwidth 64000C. Router1(config-if)#clockrate 64D. Router1(config-if)#clockrate 64000 49: In what mode do you use the encapsulation command?A. Interface Configuration modeB. Sub-interface Configuration modeC. User modeD. Privileged mode 50: You are configuring your router, and your boss happens to look over your shoulder as you type a show running-config command. She sees one of the lines that says password 7 14361F009A056E7D and asks what this means. What do you tell her?A. It is the actual password.B. It is the result of a service password-encryption command.C. The console output made a mistake.D. It is the result of an enable secret command.。
ccna考试题及答案
ccna考试题及答案1. 以下哪项是网络层的功能？A. 路由选择B. 错误检测C. 流量控制D. 封装数据包答案：A2. 在OSI模型中，哪一层负责在网络中传输数据？A. 应用层B. 传输层C. 会话层D. 网络层答案：D3. 以下哪个协议是用于在IP网络中发现网络设备的？A. ARPB. RARPC. ICMPD. OSPF答案：A4. 在TCP/IP模型中，哪一层与OSI模型的传输层相对应？A. 应用层B. 互联网层C. 网络接口层D. 传输层答案：D5. 以下哪个地址是一个有效的IPv4地址？A. 192.168.1.256B. 192.168.1.1C. 10.0.0.0D. 172.16.300.1答案：B6. 在配置路由器时，以下哪个命令用于进入全局配置模式？A. enableB. configure terminalC. privileged execD. user exec答案：B7. 以下哪个命令用于在Cisco设备上显示当前配置？A. show running-configB. show startup-configC. show configD. show current-config答案：A8. 在Cisco设备上，以下哪个命令用于保存当前的配置到启动配置文件？A. copy running-config startup-configB. copy startup-config running-configC. save running-configD. save startup-config答案：A9. 以下哪个命令用于在Cisco设备上查看所有接口的状态？A. show interfacesB. show ip interface briefC. show interface statusD. show running-config interface答案：B10. 在Cisco设备上，以下哪个命令用于关闭接口？A. shutdownB. no shutdownC. disableD. no enable答案：A11. 以下哪个命令用于在Cisco设备上启用接口？A. shutdownB. no shutdownC. disableD. no enable答案：B12. 在配置静态路由时，以下哪个命令用于指定下一跳地址？B. ip static-routeC. route ipD. static-route ip答案：A13. 以下哪个命令用于在Cisco设备上清除ARP表？A. clear arp-cacheB. clear arpC. clear arp tableD. clear ip arp答案：D14. 在配置动态路由协议时，以下哪个命令用于在接口上启用RIP？A. ip rip enableB. ip rip receiveD. network rip答案：C15. 以下哪个命令用于在Cisco设备上查看RIP路由表？A. show ip ripB. show ip route ripC. show ripD. show ip protocols答案：B16. 在配置EIGRP时，以下哪个命令用于指定自动汇总？A. metric weightsB. auto-summaryC. network auto-summaryD. no auto-summary答案：B17. 以下哪个命令用于在Cisco设备上查看EIGRP邻居？A. show ip eigrp neighborsB. show eigrp neighborsC. show ip eigrpD. show eigrp interfaces答案：A18. 在配置OSPF时，以下哪个命令用于指定路由器ID？A. router-idB. router ospfC. networkD. area答案：A19. 以下哪个命令用于在Cisco设备上查看OSPF路由表？A. show ip ospfB. show ip ospf databaseC. show ospfD. show ip route ospf答案：D20. 在配置VLAN时，以下哪个命令用于创建一个新的VLAN？A. vlan databaseB. configure terminalC. vlan [vlan-id]D. new-vlan答案：C21. 以下哪个命令用于将接口分配给VLAN？A. switchport mode accessB. switchport mode trunkC. switchport access vlan [vlan-id]D. switchport trunk vlan [vlan-id]答案：C22. 在配置交换机时，以下哪个命令用于将接口设置为Trunk 模式？A. switchport mode accessB. switchport mode trunkC. switchport access vlan [vlan-id]D. switchport trunk vlan [vlan-id]答案：B23. 以下哪个命令用于在Cisco设备上查看VLAN配置？A. show vlanB. show vlan briefC. show vlan detailD. show vlan all答案：B24. 在配置VTP时，以下哪个命令用于将交换机设置为VTP服务器模式？A. vtp mode serverB. vtp mode clientC. vtp mode transparentD. vtp mode off答案：A25. 以下哪个命令用于在Cisco设备上查看VTP状态？A. show vtp statusB. show vtp statisticsC. show vtp passwordD. show vtp configuration答案：A26. 在配置STP时，以下哪个命令用于设置根桥？A. spanning-tree root primaryB. spanning-tree root secondaryC. spanning-tree root primary [priority]D. spanning-tree root secondary [priority]答案：C27. 以下哪个命令用于在Cisco设备上查看STP状态？A. show spanning-treeB. show spanning-tree detailC. show spanning-tree summaryD. show spanning-tree interface答案：A28. 在配置VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) 时，以下哪个命令用于设置VTP域名？A. vtp domain [domain-name]B. vtp password [password]C. vtp mode [mode]D. vtp version [version]答案：A29. 以下哪个命令用于在Cisco设备上查看当前的VTP版本？A. show vtp statusB. show vtp statisticsC. show vtp passwordD. show vtp configuration答案：A30. 在配置端口安全时，以下哪个命令用于限制接口上可以学习到的最大MAC地址数量？A. switchport port-security maximum [mac-count]B. port-security maximum [mac-count]C. switchport port-security violation restrictD. port-security violation shutdown答案：A这些题目和答案仅供学习和参考之用，实际的CCNA考试内容和形式可能会有所不同。
ccna测试题及答案
ccna测试题及答案CCNA测试题及答案一、选择题1. 在Cisco设备上，以下哪个命令用于查看当前的路由表？A. show ip routeB. show running-configC. show interface statusD. show version答案：A2. 以下哪个协议用于在网络中自动发现其他设备？A. ARPB. CDPC. ICMPD. TCP答案：B3. 以下哪个命令用于配置Cisco设备上的接口？A. configure terminalB. interfaceC. ip addressD. hostname答案：A二、填空题4. 在Cisco设备上，使用命令_________可以查看接口的配置信息。
答案：show interface5. 静态路由配置中，_________命令用于指定下一跳地址。
答案：ip route6. 动态路由协议可以自动适应网络变化，其中_________是最常见的一种。
答案：RIP（路由信息协议）三、简答题7. 请简述VLAN（虚拟局域网）的作用。
答案：VLAN是一种将局域网内不同物理位置的设备划分为同一逻辑网络的技术，主要用于隔离广播域，提高网络的安全性和效率。
8. 描述交换机和路由器在网络中的基本功能。
答案：交换机主要用于局域网内部，通过MAC地址表来转发数据帧，实现数据包在局域网内的快速交换。
路由器则工作在网络层，使用IP地址来转发数据包，连接不同的网络，并进行路径选择。
四、计算题9. 假设一个子网掩码为255.255.255.192，计算这个子网的可用IP地址范围。
答案：可用IP地址范围为192.168.1.0到192.168.1.62（包含两端）。
五、实验题10. 请根据以下配置文件，列出Router1的接口配置信息。
```Router1show running-configinterface FastEthernet0/0ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0duplex autospeed auto!interface FastEthernet0/1no ip addressshutdown!interface Serial0/0/0ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.252clock rate 64000!router ospf 1network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.3 area 0!```答案：- FastEthernet0/0: IP地址为192.168.1.1，子网掩码为255.255.255.0，双工模式和速度均为自动。
思科认证考试(CCNA)考试模拟题01—19及答案(1)-思科认证试题
思科认证考试（ＣＣＮＡ）考试模拟题０１—１９及答案(1)-思科认证试题－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－Below are questions 1-19. To see an explanation for each question, please refer to the explanation link below the question or select explanations on the navigation bar to the left. Questions1. [OxNx] During a TFTP transfer using Cisco Routers what is the numeric value, in decimal, of the destination port field of the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) header?a) 96b) 47c) a random number above 1024d) 69e) none of the above2. [CxNx] What is the standard encapsulation method used by Cisco routers for the Internet Protocol (IP) on it’s Ethernet interfaces?a) SNAPb) ARPAc) NOVELL-ETHERd) DARPAe) Ethernet_802.33. [CxNx] What will be the correct command on a Cisco router to set the IP address of an interface assuming you are at the "router(config-if)#" prompt?a) ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0b) ip address 1.1.1.1c) ip 1.1.1.1d) ip 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0e) none of the above4. [CxNx] Which commands will display the IP addresses of all interfaces on a Cisco Router? (Choose all that apply)a) show ip routeb) show ip addressc) show ip interfaced) show interfacee) display ip addresses5. [CxNx] Which of the following commands will display the contents of the ARP cache of your Cisco router?a) show ip arp cacheb) show ip routec) show ip arpd) show arpe) there is no way to display the ARP cache6. [CxNx] Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP) is the process:a) Where an IP host resolves it’s IP address by broadcasting it’s MAC address to the network anda BOOTP server assigns it an IP address.b) Where an IP host resolves it’s MAC address by broadcasting to the local network it’s IP address.c) Where an IP host tries to resolve the MAC address of a destination by sending a network broadcast. The destination responds to the broadcast with it’s MAC address.d) Where an IP host resolves a destination IP address by sending a broadcast on the local network and the destination host responds with it’s IP address.e)There is no such process.7. [OxNx] Which of the following applications requires the connection-oriented layer four protocol, TCP? (Choose all that apply)a) Telnetb) FTPc) TFTPd) SNMPe) none of the above8. [RxNx] Which of the following are link state Routing Protocols.(Choose all that apply.)a) IPb) O感谢阅读，欢迎大家下载使用！。
M1U1 notes(1)
Notes:
1. family n.
1）家庭 （谓语动词用单数） ） 谓语动词用单数） 2）家人,家庭成员 （谓语动词用 ）家人 家庭成员 复数） 复数） e.g. My family is a happy one.(看作一个整体 看作一个整体) 看作一个整体 My family like music.(看作整体 看作整体 中的几个人) 中的几个人
2）最合适的，最佳的 ）最合适的， e.g. He is the only boy in his family. . 他是他们家里唯一的男孩。 他是他们家里唯一的男孩。 She is the only singer for this old song. 她是最合适唱这首老歌的歌手。 她是最合适唱这首老歌的歌手。
8. Happy birthday！ 生日快乐！ ！ 生日快乐！ Happy birthday to sb. 祝某人生日快乐
→ Happy Mothers’ Day!
母亲节快乐！ 母亲节快乐！ Happy Teachers’ Day! 教师节快乐！ 教师节快乐！
9. have/has 用法
I / We / You / They He /She / It e.g. 1）I have an uncle. 1） 我有一位叔叔。 我有一位叔叔。 2）Jane has two uncles. ） Jane有两位叔叔。 有两位叔叔。 有两位叔叔 have has
名词 动词 形容词 副词 可数名词 不可数名词 某事 某人
→
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思科CCNA认证网络工程师学习指南
思科CCNA认证网络工程师学习指南一、书籍简介《思科CCNA认证详解与实验指南(200-120)》以描述思科CA/CCDA的认证知识为重点，以思科公司最新发布的考试大纲为前提，全面涵盖了认证领域的相关内容，其中包括网络基础知识、网络设备的工作原理、网络协议的工作原理、思科路由器与交换机的基本配置、路由技术、交换技术、远程接入技术、思科IOS特性、思科网络设备的硬件组成与IOS镜像管理、IPv6技术、认证试题分析等。
《思科CCNA认证详解与实验指南(200-120)》突破了传统的写作方式，采用“浅入深出、取证原理、演示应用”的原则体现整本书的逻辑，并配置开发了相关的教学资源，开发的教学录像与本书的知识点成“一对一”的关系，可以说是将思科CA的教学课堂放到了书上，为CA的学员节省了上千元的培训费。
另外，考虑到读者在学习CA认证时，没有实验设备的问题，本书提供了一套“网络仿真学”方案，为CA学员解决因为实验设备不足造成的实验限制和实验困难。
在本书的最后一个章节中，将CA认证的技术知识与实际的网络工程岗位集成，引导学员如何使用CA认证的知识去解决实际的故障，彻底告别了“Paper”的认证方式。
《思科CCNA认证详解与实验指南(200-120)》的写作方法就是读者的学习方法，本书的实验方法就是读者的工作岗位，本书对网络原理技术的取证方法就是将理论的瞬间变成永恒的经典!二、书籍信息出版社：电子工业出版社ISBN：版次：1开本：16开出版时间：2022-07-01页数：736正文语种：中文三、书籍目录第1章简介思科CCNA认证的体系结构1.1 简介思科的认证体系等级CCNA/CCNP/CCIE1.2 关于思科认证体系的考试过程1.3 关于思科认证体系结构的学习方式1.4 CCNA与面向实战工作的关联和认证者的行业后续发展建议 1.5 建立一个必需的学习原则：没被取证的理论就不是真理1.6 没有专业的网络实验室的解决方案1.7 用正确的心态来完成认证的学习、感受分享、寄语本章小结第2章计算机网络基础2.1 理解计算机网络2.1.1 计算机网络的分类2.1.2 理解计算机网络服务结构2.1.3 理解计算机网络拓扑2.1.4 理解IEEE 802的各个标准2.1.5 理解以太网的介质访问协议(CSMA/CD)2.1.6 CCNA认证中CSMA/CD试题分析(见随书光盘)2.2 理解计算机的MAC地址2.2.1 理解MAC地址的构成2.2.2 理解MAC地址的I/G位2.2.3 CCNA认证中MAC部分试题分析(见随书光盘)2.3 理解IP地址的作用与意义2.3.1 IP地址的定义与分类2.3.2 理解子网掩码与IP子网的划分2.3.3 计算一个IP子网内的主机数2.3.4 理解默认网关2.3.5 理解可变长子网掩码(VLSM)与无类域间的路由(CIDR)2.3.6 演示：区分网络ID、主机ID、子网掩码与网关2.3.7 演示：VLSM的基本应用与特性2.3.8 实战：IP地址规划的经典案例2.3.9 深入分析IP通信过程中的两组特殊地址2.3.10 CCNA认证中IP地址规划与设计部分试题分析(见随书光盘) 2.4 理解计算机网络的体系结构2.4.1 理解OSI开放式七层模型2.4.2 联动分析：OSI七层模型传输数据的过程2.4.3 演示：取证OSI七层模型传输数据的原理过程2.4.4 CCNA认证中OSI七层模型的试题分析(随书光盘)本章小结第3章理解网络设备工作原理3.1 中继器工作原理3.2 集线器工作原理3.3 网桥工作原理3.4 二层交换机工作原理3.4.1 通过区别集线器、二层交换机理解冲突域3.4.2 CCNA认证中网桥与二层交换机的试题分析(见随书光盘)3.5 路由器工作原理3.5.1 理解路由器工作原理必须扩展到数据链路层的问题3.5.2 CCNA认证中路由器的试题分析(见随书光盘)3.6 三层交换机工作原理本章小结第4章详解并取证网络协议的工作原理4.1 理解数据链路层协议4.1.1 理解ARP的工作原理4.1.2 关于RARP(Reverse Address Resolution Protocol)4.1.3 理解免费ARP4.1.4 演示：取证ARP协议的工作过程4.1.5 演示：取证计算机和思科路由器上的免费ARP工作过程 4.1.6 CCNA认证中ARP协议的试题分析(见随书光盘)4.2 理解网络层部分协议4.2.1 理解IP报文的结构4.2.2 演示：取证IP报文的结构4.2.3 理解ICMP协议的工作原理4.2.4 演示：取证ICMP报文的结构4.2.5 CCNA认证中ICMP协议的试题分析(见随书光盘)4.3 理解传输层部分协议4.3.1 理解TCP/IP协议的工作原理4.3.2 演示：取证TCP/IP协议的三次握手过程4.3.3 CCNA认证中TCP协议的试题分析(见随书光盘)4.3.4 理解UDP协议的工作原理4.3.5 演示：取证UDP报文的结构4.3.6 CCNA认证中UDP协议的试题分析(见随书光盘)4.4 理解应用层协议4.4.1 理解HTTP协议4.4.2 理解FTP协议4.4.3 理解FTP的主动模式4.4.4 理解FTP的被动模式4.4.5 关于FTP两种模式引发防火墙与ACL过滤时故障4.4.6 CCNA认证中FTP协议的试题分析(见随书光盘)4.4.7 简述应用层的其他协议POP3、SMTP4.5 关于知名协议端口号本章小结第5章入门思科的网络设备5.1 简介思科的数据通信产品5.1.1 认识思科路由器5.1.2 认识思科交换机5.1.3 认识思科设备上的模块及编号原则5.2 理解如何配置思科网络设备5.2.1 简介思科网络设备的配置方法5.2.2 演示：通过控制线配置与管理思科网络设备5.3 完成思科设备上的基本配置5.3.1 理解思科网络设备的配置模式5.3.2 演示：配置时间、重命名思科网络设备、接口IP地址、查看运行状态5.3.3 演示：保存、备份与删除设备配置5.3.4 演示：设置enable用户的密码5.3.5 关于配置指令缩写与帮助提示功能5.4 CCNA认证中路由器入门配置的试题分析(见随书光盘)本章小结第6章理解并实施路由技术6.1 路由技术的理论知识6.1.1 路由技术的概念6.1.2 路由技术的分类6.1.3 演示：在思科路由器上配置静态路由6.1.4 演示：在思科路由器上配置默认路由6.1.5 关于配置静态路由和默认路由的注意事项6.1.6 CCNA认证中静态路由的试题分析(见随书光盘)6.2 理解并配置动态路由协议RIP6.2.1 理解RIP路由更新报文的结构6.2.2 理解并取证：动态路由协议RIP的工作原理6.2.3 概述RIP两个版本的区别6.2.4 理解 RIPv1使用广播更新路由和RIPv2使用组播更新路由的区别 6.2.5 理解为什么RIPv2支持VLSM，而RIPv1不支持6.2.6 理解关于RIP的路由度量值6.2.7 演示：动态路由协议RIPv1的配置6.2.8 演示：动态路由协议RIPv2的配置6.2.9 理解RIPv1对连续的VLSM子网支持的一个特殊实例6.2.10 演示：RIP的路由归纳与默认路由公告6.2.11 演示：RIP的等价负载均衡6.2.12 理解并配置：RIP的安全认证过程6.2.13 理解关于动态路由协议产生的环路与收敛问题6.2.14 什么是路由环路与收敛时间6.2.15 关于水平分割、计数到无穷大、触发更新6.2.16 理解和配置RIP的定时器6.2.17 CCNA认证中动态路由协议RIP的试题分析(见随书光盘)6.3 理解基于链路状态的动态路由协议OSPF6.3.1 链路状态路由与矢量路由的区别6.3.2 从人类生活的角度类比并理解RIP与OSPF的区别6.3.3 理解并取证：动态路由协议OSPF的工作原理6.3.4 当OSPF工作在不同的网络类型时是不是所有网络都必须选举DR 6.3.5 关于OSPF路由器中链路状态特性的取证6.3.6 理解OSPF的度量值6.3.7 为什么链路状态路由协议收敛较快6.3.8 演示：动态路由协议OSPF的配置6.3.9 演示：取证在以太网上OSPF的DR与BDR选举原理6.3.10 演示：OSPF自动公告默认路由6.3.11 理解并取证：OSPF协议的安全认证过程6.3.12 CCNA认证中动态路由协议OSPF的试题分析(见随书光盘)6.4 理解动态路由协议EIGRP6.4.1 关于EIGRP的特性6.4.2 理解EIGRP的功能组件6.4.3 理解EIGRP的消息类型6.4.4 理解并取证：动态路由协议EIGRP的工作原理6.4.5 理解并取证：EIGRP的邻居表、拓扑表、路由表6.4.6 理解：弥散更新算法(DUAL)6.4.7 演示：动态路由协议EIGRP的配置6.4.8 理解关于EIGRP的路由度量值6.4.9 演示：基于EIGRP的非等价负载均衡6.4.10 演示：EIGRP的路由归纳与默认路由公告6.4.11 理解并配置：EIGRP的安全认证过程6.4.12 CCNA认证中EIGRP部分试题分析(见随书光盘) 6.5 理解路由协议的管理特性6.5.1 理解路由协议的本地管理距离6.5.2 演示：使用本地管理距离完成动态路由协议的管理 6.5.3 理解浮动路由的基本原理6.5.4 演示：浮动路由的配置6.5.5 CCNA认证中管理距离部分试题分析(见随书光盘) 6.5.6 理解简单的路由再发布6.5.7 演示：静态路由、RIP、OSPF、EIGRP的路由再发布 6.5.8 理解并配置：被动接口(Passive-interface)本章小结第7章理解并实施交换技术7.1 理解园区交换技术的基本知识7.1.1 理解园区交换网络的模型7.1.2 理解园区交换网络的连接介质7.1.3 交换机接口的双工模式与协商过程7.1.4 关于网络连接中的直通线、交叉线、反转线7.1.5 CCNA部分双工、线缆介质类型试题分析(见随书光盘)7.1.6 理解园区交换网络的流量规划原则7.1.7 理解堆叠交换机与常规交换机的区别7.2 理解虚拟局域网(VLAN)7.2.1 理解传统局域网规划的局限性7.2.2 理解虚拟局域网(VLAN)7.2.3 理解：VLAN的通信原理、VLAN干道、VLAN的标记与VTP协议7.2.4 VTP干道协议及其工作模式7.2.5 理解VTP裁剪模式(VTP Pruning)7.2.6 理解并取证：802.1Q、ISL、VTP的报文结构7.2.7 理解802.1Q的Native VLAN(本地VLAN)7.2.8 理解：静态VLAN与动态VLAN7.2.9 演示：虚拟局域网(VLAN)的基本配置(VLAN划分、Trunk、VTP) 7.2.10 CCNA认证中VLAN、VTP、Trunk试题分析(见随书光盘)7.3 理解园区交换网络的生成树(STP)技术7.3.1 理解生成树(STP)技术的工作原理7.3.2 演示：人工如何干预STP计算的默认状态7.3.3 演示：两台交换机成环后的STP计算原则7.3.4 演示并取证：BPDU报文结构7.3.5 理解：生成树收敛过程中的端口状态7.3.6 理解：CST(公共生成树)7.3.7 理解：PVST(基于每个VLAN的生成树)7.3.8 理解：PVST+(基于每个VLAN的增强型生成树)7.3.9 理解：RSTP(快速生成树)7.3.10 理解：MST(多生成树)7.3.11 CCNA认证中生成树(STP)试题分析(见随书光盘)7.4 理解VLAN间的路由7.4.1 实现VLAN间路由的基本架构7.4.2 演示：使用外部路由器架构完成VLAN间的单臂路由7.4.3 演示：配置三层交换机完成VLAN间的路由7.4.4 演示：配置三层交换机的物理接口完成路由7.4.5 CCNA认证中VLAN间路由试题分析(见随书光盘)本章小结第8章理解并实施远程接入技术8.1 简述思科远程接入的方案8.1.1 概述电路交换网络(PSTN/ISDN)8.1.2 概述分组交换网络―帧中继与某.258.1.3 概述分组交换网络―ATM8.1.4 概述租用线路―专线8.1.5 概述数字用户线路(DSL)8.1.6 概述虚拟专用网(VPN)8.1.7 CCNA认证中远程接入方案试题分析(见随书光盘)8.2 思科设备上点对点专线的配置8.2.1 理解DTE和DCE8.2.2 CCNA中DTE和DCE试题分析(见随书光盘)8.2.3 理解广域网上数据的封装形式8.2.4 最初的SLIP协议8.2.5 理解PPP协议的组件8.2.6 理解并取证：PPP协议中LCP的工作原理8.2.7 理解并取证：PPP协议中NCP的工作原理8.2.8 演示：思科路由器上PPP链路的配置8.2.9 理解与配置：HDLC(High-Level Data Link Control)8.2.10 CCNA认证中点对点接入(PPP、HDLC)的试题分析(见随书光盘) 8.3 理解PPP的安全认证8.3.1 理解并取证：PPP的PAP认证的工作原理8.3.2 演示：PPP的PAP认证配置8.3.3 理解并取证：PPP的CHAP认证的工作原理8.3.4 演示：PPP的CHAP认证配置8.3.5 关于CCNA认证中PPP安全的试题分析(见随书光盘)8.4 思科设备上帧中继(Frame-Relay)网络的配置8.4.1 理解并取证：帧中继的工作原理8.4.2 演示：思科设备基于物理接口帧中继(Frame-Relay)的配置8.4.3 演示：思科设备子接口类型帧中继的配置8.4.4 理解帧中继的逆向解析功能(Frame-Relay Inverse-ARP)8.4.5 演示：区别帧中继动态解析与静态映射的差异8.4.6 关于CCNA认证中帧中继(Frame-Relay)的试题分析(见随书光盘) 8.5 解决路由协议运行在帧中继远程接入环境中的常见问题8.5.1 演示：关于RIP运行在半网状帧中继环境中的水平分割管理方案8.5.2 演示：关于EIGRP运行在半网状帧中继环境中的水平分割管理方案 8.5.3 理解OSPF运行在NBMA中的各种解决方案的配置8.5.4 演示：在半网状的NBMA中静态指定OSPF邻居，中心路由器永远为DR的方案8.5.5 演示：在半网状的NBMA中使用ip ospf network point-to-multipoint的方案8.5.6 演示：在全网状的NBMA中使用ip ospf network broadcast的方案 8.5.7 总结：OSPF部署到NBMA网络的建议思想与注意事项8.6 思科设备上DSL网络的配置8.6.1 理解DSL的基本分类8.6.2 以ADSL为例理解DSL网络的物理架构8.6.3 关于在ADSL网络中使用PPPoE协议8.6.4 理解并取证PPPoE的工作原理8.6.5 演示：PPPoE服务端、拨号计算机、拨号路由器的配置8.7 思科设备上VPN的配置8.7.1 理解：VPN的类型与VPN设备8.7.2 简述VPN协议PPTP、L2TP、IPSec8.7.3 理解：VPN网络的数据机密性、完整性、认证、密钥交换 8.7.4 初识IPSec协议8.7.5 IPSec的AH(认证头部)与ESP(封装安全性载荷)8.7.6 关于IPSec的安全关联8.7.7 理解IKE (Internet Key E某change)的作用8.7.8 简述IPSec的工作过程8.7.9 演示：基于思科IOS路由器场对场的IPSec-VPN的配置8.7.10 关于CCNA认证中VPN的试题分析(见随书光盘)本章小结第9章实施网络管理与应用功能9.1 配置思科IOS的管理功能特性9.1.1 理解并取证：Telnet远程管理协议的工作原理9.1.2 演示：思科路由器的Telnet远程管理9.1.3 理解并取证：SSH远程管理协议的工作原理9.1.4 演示：思科路由器SSH的远程管理9.1.5 演示：思科交换机的Telnet与SSH管理9.1.6 演示：使用SDM软件管理思科路由器9.1.7 关于CCNA认证中Telnet/SSH试题分析(见随书光盘)9.2 配置思科设备上的应用功能特性9.2.1 理解并取证：DHCP的.工作原理9.2.2 演示：思科路由器上DHCP服务的配置9.2.3 理解自动专用寻址地址(APIPA)9.2.4 关于DHCP服务器的冲突检测9.2.5 演示：思科路由器上DHCP帮助地址的配置9.2.6 理解：思科DHCP如何将多个地址池分配给不同接口的子网 9.2.7 理解并取证：理解思科的邻居发现协议(CDP)9.2.8 演示：思科网络设备上CDP的配置9.2.9 理解并配置：建立主机名与DNS名称解析9.2.10 关于 CCNA认证中DHCP、CDP、DNS的试题分析(见随书光盘) 9.3 配置思科设备的网络地址翻译(NAT)功能9.3.1 理解并取证：网络地址翻译(NAT)――静态NAT的工作原理9.3.2 理解并取证：网络地址翻译(NAT)――动态NAT的工作原理9.3.3 理解并取证：网络地址翻译(NAT)――PAT的工作原理9.3.4 理解NAT的地址类型9.3.5 演示：NAT-PAT代理内部网络访问Internet9.3.6 演示：动态NAT完成网络地址翻译9.3.7 演示：使用静态NAT配置内部网络服务器提供对外服务能力9.3.8 演示：外部全局地址与外部局部地址的使用案例9.3.9 关于CCNA认证中NAT的试题分析(见随书光盘)9.3.10 理解并实施简单网络管理协议(SNMP)9.3.11 理解并实施思科的NetFlow功能9.4 思科的高可用性服务9.4.1 理解并实施HSRP9.4.2 理解并实施VRRP9.4.3 理解并实施GLBP本章小结第10章实施网络安全10.1 简述网络安全的概念10.1.1 认识常见的网络威胁10.1.2 理解网络安全区域10.1.3 理解思科的IOS防火墙10.1.4 理解基于思科IOS的IDS/IPS10.1.5 关于CCNA认证中网络安全概念的试题分析(见随书光盘)10.2 配置思科设备上的访问控制功能10.2.1 理解基础的访问控制列表(ACL)10.2.2 演示：标准ACL的配置10.2.3 演示：扩展ACL的配置10.2.4 关于ACL的其他书写形式与应用注意事项10.2.5 演示：命名ACL的配置10.3 配置思科设备上的高级访问控制功能10.3.1 演示：带时间ACL的配置10.3.2 演示：动态ACL的配置10.3.3 演示：自反ACL的配置10.3.4 演示：基于上下文的访问控制(IOS防火墙的配置) 10.3.5 关于CCNA认证中ACL的试题分析(见随书光盘)10.4 配置设备访问的安全10.4.1 演示：限制VTY(Telnet)的访问10.4.2 演示：限制Console线的访问10.4.3 演示：设置密码长度限制、密码加强10.4.4 演示：交换机端口安全的配置10.4.5 关于CCNA认证中设备访问的试题分析(见随书光盘) 10.5 配置思科的日志系统10.5.1 演示：配置控制台日志并保存到Buffered区域10.5.2 演示：配置日志发送到VTY虚拟终端10.5.3 演示：配置日志发送到Syslog日志服务器本章小结第11章理解思科网络设备的硬件构造与IOS镜像管理11.1 理解思科路由器的硬件组成11.1.1 认识路由器的中央处理器(CPU)11.1.2 认识路由器的主存储器――内存11.1.3 认识路由器的ROM11.1.4 认识路由器的启动Flash11.1.5 认识路由器的Flash存储器11.1.6 认识路由器的非易失性内存(NVRAM)11.1.7 关于思科路由器的寄存器11.1.8 关于思科路由器的启动过程11.2 配置思科IOS镜像管理11.2.1 演示：为思科2500/2600系列的路由器升级IOS镜像11.2.2 演示：为思科2950系列的交换机升级IOS镜像11.2.3 演示：思科路由器到路由器的IOS镜像管理11.2.4 演示：配置思科设备的启动顺序11.3 理解并区别思科不同版本的IOS11.4 忘记密码后恢复思科设备密码的方案11.5 关于CCNA认证中硬件组成与IOS镜像管理的试题分析(见随书光盘)本章小结第12章理解下一代IP地址――IPv612.1 初识下一代IP地址12.1.1 理解并取证：IPv6与IPv4在报文结构上的区别12.1.2 关于IPv6的扩展首部与数据分片的问题12.1.3 演示：一个最简单的IPv6实验12.1.4 演示：使用协议分析器取证IPv6的报文结构12.1.5 理解IPv6的地址表达形式12.1.6 理解IPv6的地址分类12.1.7 演示：在Windows不同版本操作系统的计算机上安装IPv6协议与基本配置12.1.8 演示：关于在思科路由器上IPv6本地链路地址的配置12.1.9 演示：IPv6本地站点地址的配置12.1.10 演示：IPv6全球单播地址的配置12.2 IPv6的组播地址12.2.1 理解IPv6的组播地址12.2.2 理解请求节点的组播地址12.2.3 理解IPv6的组播地址与MAC地址的映射关系12.2.4 演示：取证分析IPv6组播地址的构成原理12.2.5 演示：取证分析IPv6组播地址与MAC地址的映射关系12.3 理解IPv6的通信过程12.3.1 理解IPv6通信过程中ICMPv6的重要作用12.3.2 理解IPv6主机使用ICMPv6替代IPv4环境中的ARP协议12.3.3 演示：取证IPv6主机使用ICMPv6的邻居请求与邻居公告消息原理 12.3.4 理解ICMPv6前缀请求与前缀公告消息12.3.5 演示：取证ICMPv6前缀请求与前缀公告消息原理12.4 关于IPv6的路由协议12.4.1 理解并配置：IPv6的静态路由与默认路由12.4.2 理解并配置：IPv6的RIPng12.4.3 理解并配置：IPv6的OSPFv312.5 概述IPv4过渡到IPv6的方案12.5.1 简述使用双协议栈过渡方案12.5.2 简述使用IPv4兼容地址12.5.3 简述使用IPv6to4隧道技术的过渡方案12.5.4 简述使用NAT-PT将IPv4过渡到IPv6的方案12.5.5 简述使用Teredo技术的过渡方案12.5.6 简述使用ISATAP 技术的过渡方案12.5.7 简述使用GRE技术的过渡方案12.6 关于CCNA认证中IPv6的试题分析(见随书光盘)本章小结第13章思科CCNA故障与实战项目测试13.1 故障排除13.1.1 演示：网络掩码长度引发的次优路径故障分析与排除13.1.2 演示：RIP路由更新的故障分析与排除13.1.3 演示：OSPF的邻居关系故障分析与排除13.1.4 演示：EIGRP非等价负载均衡的故障分析与排除 13.1.5 关于交换机网络通信故障排除13.2 将CCNA的知识应用到综合实战项目中。
CCNA1 思科第一学期 v1.0 ENetwork Chapter_5(附答案)
1 默认网关有何作用？E错误!未找到引用源。
用于物理连接计算机和网络错误!未找到引用源。
为计算机提供永久地址错误!未找到引用源。
标识计算机所连接的网络错误!未找到引用源。
标识网络计算机的逻辑地址，并且是网络中的唯一标识错误!未找到引用源。
允许本地网络计算机和其它网络中的设备通信的设备标识2大型网络存在哪三个常见问题？（选择三项）BCE 错误!未找到引用源。
广播太少错误!未找到引用源。
性能下降错误!安全问题源。
错误!未找管理职责受限制到引用源。
错误!未找主机标识到引用源。
错误!未找协议兼容性到引用源。
3IP 数据包的哪个字段用于防止无限循环？D 错误!未找服务类型到引用源。
错误!未找标识到引用源。
错误!未找标志到引用源。
错误!生存时间未找到引误!未找报头校验和到引用源。
4下列哪项陈述描述了默认路由的作用？错误!未找主机使用默认路由将数据传输到位于同一个网段中的其它主机。
到引用源。
错误!未找主机使用默认路由将数据转发到本地交换机，它充当前往所有目的设备的下一跳。
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5在IPv4 环境中，路由器根据什么信息在不同的路由器接口之间转发数据包？A 错误!未找目的网络地址到引用源。
错源网络地址误!未找错误!未找源MAC 地址到引用源。
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6在无连接系统中，下列哪项陈述是正确的？B错误!未找发送数据包之前联系目的设备。
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错误!未找目的设备向源设备发送确认，请求发送下一个数据包。
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7如果目的网络未列在Cisco 路由器的路由表中，路由器可能会采取哪两项措施？（选择两项）错路由器发送ARP 请求以确定所需的下一跳地址。
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CCNA Study Notes1(1)-思科认证试题
1. Identify and describe the functions of each of the seven layers of the OSI reference model. Physical Layer
The physical layer defines the electrical, mechanical, procedural, and functional specifications for activating, maintaining, and deactivating the physical link between communicating network systems. Physical layer specifications define such characteristics as voltage levels, timing of voltage changes, physical data rates, maximum transmission distances, and the physical connectors to be used.
Data Link Layer
The data link layer provides reliable transit of data across a physical network link. Different data link layer specifications define different network and protocol characteristics, including the following:
Physical addressing --Physical addressing (as opposed to network addressing) defines how devices are addressed at the data link layer.
Network topology -- Data link layer specifications often define how devices are to be physically connected (such as in a bus or a ring topology).
Error notification -- Error notification involves alerting upper layer protocols that a transmission error has occurred.
Sequencing of frames --Sequencing of data frames involves the reordering of frames that are transmitted out of sequence.
Flow control -- Flow control involves moderating the transmission of data so that the receiving device is not overwhelmed with more traffic than it can handle at one time.
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) has subdivided the data link layer into two sublayers: Logical Link Control (LLC) and Media Access Control (MAC).
Network Layer
The network layer provides routing and related functions that allow multiple data links to be combined into an internetwork. This is accomplished by the logical addressing (as opposed to the physical addressing) of devices. The network layer supports both connection-oriented and connectionless service from higher-layer protocols.
Transport Layer
The transport layer implements reliable internetwork data transport services that are transparent to upper layers. Transport layer functions typically include the following:
Flow control -- Flow control manages data transmission between devices so that the transmitting device does not send more data than the receiving device can process.
Multiplexing -- Multi。