阅读中长难句

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高考高中英语阅读理解长难句分析+重点词汇用法

高考高中英语阅读理解长难句分析+重点词汇用法长难句1：It is more important for them to learn to think in the language than to know the meaning of every word. 译文：对他们来说，学会使用语言思考比了解每个单词的含义更重要。

长难句2: Whaley recalls how at the beginning of the year, when called upon to read, Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.译文：Whaley回想起年初的时候，当要Chris朗读时，他就找借口要去卫生间。

分析：when calledupon toread句中省略了he was。

点拨：call upon sb to do sth:号召某人做某事excuse oneself :请求准予离开长难句3：Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart.译文：有一天，Whaley对孩子们说，如果他们认为自己永远不可能成为总统，就举手，孩子们的回答令他十分伤心，然后Whaley想到了这个二年级总统竞选活动。

分析：这个句子里有两个状语从句，分别是when引导的时间状语从句和if引导的条件状语从句。

点拨：presidential campaign project:总统竞选活动break sb’s heart :使某人难过/ 心碎长难句4：It is more important for them to learn to think in the language than to know the meaning of every word. 译文：对他们来说，学会使用语言思考比了解每个单词的含义更重要。

英语六级阅读的真题长难句解析

英语六级阅读的真题长难句解析
1. While pensioners, particularly elderly women, make up a large proportion of those living alone, the newest crop of singles are high earners in their 30s and 40s who increasingly view living alone as a lifestyle choice.
【译文】尽管大局部单独生活的.人是靠养老金生活的老年人，尤其是老年女性，但是最新消失的这群单身主义者却正值三十岁到四十岁的壮年。

这些人收入丰厚，渐渐把单身看作是一种生活方式的选择。

【析句】复合句。

主句the newest crop of singles are high earners..., who increasingly view living alone as...是定语从句修饰主句，而主句前while引导让步状语从句，具有转折语气。

2. Supporters of the biotech industry have accused an American scientist of misconduct after she testified to the New Zealand government that a genetically modified bacterium could cause serious damage if released.
【译文】一位美国女科学家向新西兰州政府证明，一种基因改造细菌假如泄露到试验室外，可能会导致严峻破坏，随后生物科技产业的支持者对她的这种行为表示了剧烈责备。

阅读理解长难句解析

阅读理解长难句解析一、定语从句1.P3 Y et members of the nation’s present educational and cultural elite still cling to thenotion that the United States belongs to some vaguely defined entity they refer to as “Western civilization,” by which they mean, presumably, a civilization created by people of Europe, as if Europe can even be viewed as completely uninfluenced by the rest of the world.2.P6 Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there aremany stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appreciate responses will experience greater intellectual development.3.P9 In the “soap war” between Proctor and Gamble and Unilever, tremendous use is madeof statistics to measure the dynamic difference in market resulting from the proportional allocation to advertising, which constitutes such a large part of their production costs before selling, so that they regard their production costs as production plus advertising costs.4.P10 Thus, to rectify the positions taken previously, where we contented ourselves withcondemnations, in my delegation’s opinion, we must find an overall solution which would come to grips with both the substance as well as the superficial aspects which, after all, serve only to compel us to keep this problem constantly on the Security Council’s agenda.5.P11 We may define chemistry as the science in which we deal with the chemical changein matter as a result of which it is possible to form a new substance.6.P13 The revolution soon spread to Western Europe and the United States which, duemainly to the development of her northeastern iron industry, became the world’s leading industrial nation by the late 1800s.7.P13 The man who has not learned anything about how to understand his own intentionsand to make them effective, who has not learned something about what is possible and what impossible through experiences and books, will be enslaved by the political and social intentions of other men.8.P16 Studies of the Weddell seal in the laboratory have described the physiologicalmechanisms that allow the seals to cope with the extreme oxygen deprivation that occurs during its longest dives, which can extend 500 meters below the ocean’s surface and last for over 70 minutes.9.P19 While this boundary does not mark the outer limit of a State’s territory, since ininternational law the territorial sea forms part of a State’s territory, it does represent the demarcation between that maritime area (internal waters) where other States enjoy no general rights, and those maritime areas (the territorial sea and other zones) where other States do enjoy certain general rights.10.P19 He finds that students who were easy to teach, because they succeeded in puttingeverything they had been taught into practice, hesitate when confronted with the vast untouched area of English vocabulary and usage which falls outside the scope of basic textbooks.11.P 20 But I would like to do the same with the acclaim too, by using this moment as apinnacle from which I might be listened to by the young men and women already dedicated to the same anguish and travail, among whom is already that one who will some day stand here where I am standing.12.P53 At the MIT Media Lab, a prototype is already being built which will determine howsleepy you are as you drive, which is especially important for long-distance truck drivers.二、分割结构1. P54 I have discovered, as perhaps Kelsey will after her much-publicized resignation from the editorship of she after a build-up of stress, that abandoning the doctrine of “juggling your life”, and making the alternative move into “downshifting”brings with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status.2. P54 Such an outcome, if it happens, could cause a political controversy; or it could lead to more power being transferred to the EU in the worst possible circumstances, namely when the Union is deeply unpopular.3. P 55 That fact, let alone the current division between the 11 euro countries and the four, led by Britain, that have not joined, is likely to mean that the Union should become a multisystem entity, with some countries signing up to everything and others choosing only some things.4. P55 This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail.5.P58 Y ou have all heard it repeated that men of science work by means of induction and deduction, that by the help of these operations, they, in a sort of sense , manage to extract from Nature certain natural laws, and that out of these, by some special skill of their own, they build up their theories.6. P63 The main burden of assuring that the resources of the federal government are well managed falls on relatively few of the five million men and women whom it employs.7. P65 It means that the United States, as compared with that position we found ourselves in immediately after World War II, had a challenge such as we did not even dream of.8. P70 Every particle has acting on it a force which urges it downward.13.P70 A new trend in radio broadcasting that developed during the late 1960s was the “talkshow”, featuring conversations between listeners and announcers or guests in the studio. 14.P72 They are, in fact, still capable under favorable circumstances of leading individuallives.15.P74 And numerous experiments have shown once the concept of self is changed, otherthings consistent with the new concept of self are accomplished easily and without strain. 16.P75 He had no thought of the time to come when his muscles would not be so mighty, norhis health so superb, and when he would not be able to work harder.三、否定句1.P171 But even he was unable to discover how long the gorilla lives, or how or why it dies, nor was he able to define the exact social patterns of the family groups, or indicate the final extent of their intelligence.2.P172 Descriptive linguists cannot explain how a sentence is transformed – or, in other words, indicate such relationships as that between active and passive voice.3.P173 For the women of my generation who were urged to keep juggling through the 80s, downshifting in the mid-90s is not so much a search for the mythical good life – growing your own organic vegetables, and risking turning into one –as a personal recognition of your limitations.4.P175 Who knows but it will rain tomorrow?5.P176 I know not what, nor where, neither what latitude, what country, what nation or what river. I neither saw, nor desired to see any people; the principal thing I wanted was fresh water.6.P176 He had never touched anything in the library other than American novels.7.P177 Don’t tell him more than you can help.8.P177 Rather than condemnation there was some kindness in the man’s voice.9.P178 Certainly I don’t teach because teaching is easy for me. Nor do I teach because I think I know answers, or because I have knowledge I feel compelled to share.10.P179 They were not about to change their tastes and habits just because of a change in the law.11.P181 He’s no more able to read Spanish than I am.12.P182. One can’t be too careful in making the decision as it was such a critical case.13.P;183 Y ou cannot be careful enough. Y ou cannot take enough care.14.P184 There, a child grows up under the ever-present attention of his parents… No necessity of making a living away from home results in neglect of children.15.P185 A book may be compared to your neighbor, if it be good, it can not last too long; if bad, you can not get rid of it too early.四、省略句1.P80 If a needle is thrown at random on a sheet of paper ruled with lines whose distance apart is exactly equal to the length of the needle, how often can it be expected to fall on a line and how often into a blank space?2.P81 Neither do we know how the universe begin, nor how it will end – if, indeed, it ends at all.3. Son and father, together, had saved the day – he by holding out for something he enjoyed and I by having the sense, finally, to realize that he was right, and to let go of my dream of how things should be.4.P85 The increase in the numbers of married women employed outside the home in the twentieth century had less to do with the mechanization of housework and an increase in leisure time for these women than it did with their own economic necessity and with high marriage rates that shrank the available pool of single women workers.5.P85 The European Union is an imperfect creature, with some of its actions based on fine principles of political economy and some one poor ones.6.P86 To Americans, being on one’s own suggests that one is a fully independent and functioning part of the whole capable and willing to make choices.7.P87 For example, a school superintendent wishes to determine the proportion of children in a large school system who come to school without breakfast, have been vaccinated for flu, or whatever.8.P88 Airline pilots, in fact, whose experience is so obviously relevant that it ought to serve as a guide, often live by their own watches, ignoring local tim e, and have breakfast at midnight if necessary.9.P91 The question “what are the roads like?”may when asked at one time, refer to the condition of the surface, at another, to their narrowness, at another to the traffic upon them, and at still another to the presence or otherwise of ice or snow.10.P92 The largest known raindrops are slightly less than a quarter inch across or would be if they were perfectly round.11.P92 Anything from cosmic rays to radiation to diet may activate a dormant oncogene, but how remains unknown.12.P93 In their hearts, women think it is men’s business to earn money and theirs to spend it – if possible during their husband’s life, but, at any rate, after his death.13.P95 I could accept this fact with calmness because I know that if I wasn’t able to avoid a mistake, chances were that no other surgeon could have, either.14.P98 By taking thought, men can move mountains – and have.五、分词作状语1.P150 Americans have always been deeply ambivalent, revering the nation’s immigrationroots and enjoying cheap immigrant labor, but resenting the newcomers who flood their cities,drain their service and dilute their culture.2.P152 The spate of shootings had appeared to be easing recently, however, with attacksmainly confined to tourists visiting the south of the country.3.P153 Blake, now 73 and living in relative poverty in a flat in Moscow, was responsible forthe deaths of several British agents after he became a Russian spy, following his capture by North Koreans and conversion to communism.4.P154 There are many other exchange expressions, but those who are not well versed inexchange terminology would do well to confine themselves to the use of expressions “favorable”and “unfavorable”when describing movements in exchange from the point of view of their countries, or to the use of “appreciate”and “depreciate”when describing a movement in the value of any particular currency.5.P155 The fuel is easy enough to produce: hydrogen can be extracted from water, usingelectricity, or cooled out of natural gas and even municipal waste, using heat.6.P156 Put your palms together in front of you, your elbows pointing out the sides, yourfingertips pointing upward, and push so that you feel pressure in the heels of your palms and under your arms.7.P158 Therefore, both jogging and dieting, carried to extremes, can be hazardous.8.P159 Since the 1950s scores of major urban newspapers have ceased operation, leavingmost large U.S. cities with no more than one morning and one afternoon newspaper.9.P159 Feeling threatened, companies responded by writing ever longer warning labels, tryingto anticipate every possible accident.10.P161 Washing machines take the drudgery out of laundry, the latest models being entirelyautomatic and able to wash and dry a large quantity of clothes in a few minutes.11.P162 The net result is a continuous flow of gas, starting as hot gases in intergalactic spaceand ending as a drizzle of cool gas called a “cooling flow”, falling into the central galaxy. 12.P165 Further, many universities have become enslaved to their own bureaucratic process,often placing first-year students in classes beyond their actual level of competence, based on placement exams that do not accurately measure true ability.13.P166 Finally he had saved $ 50, which some Henning people living in Chicago, who wereback home visiting, had assured him was enough to see him eat and sleep long enough to find himself a job that would put him on his feet.。

大学英语阅读理解长难句解析

大学英语阅读理解长难句解析
长难句在大学英语阅读理解中是一个普遍存在的现象。

在阅读理解的过程中，要理解长难句是必不可少的，因为长难句的结构往往复杂，需要仔细分析和研究。

而理解长难句也需要一些技巧和方法，以下是一些简单有效的技巧和方法：
1. 找出主干
长难句通常包含多个从句和各种修饰语，如果没有找出主干，就难以理清其结构。

所以，找出主干是理解长难句的第一步。

主干是句子中最重要的成分，也是句子的中心思想所在。

2. 利用标点符号
标点符号在长难句中起到了很重要的作用，可以帮助我们理解句子的结构。

比如，逗号可以分割句子成分，引号可以标识出语言或引用的内容。

3. 寻找关键词
长难句通常有很多修饰语和从句，这些语句中的关键词是理解句子结构的关键。

找到关键词可以帮助我们更好地理解整个句子。

4. 确定从句
长难句中常常包含从句，而从句又可以是定语从句、状语从句或者名词性从句。

确定从句是理解长难句的关键。

从句与主句的关系对于整个句子的理解至关重要。

总之，在大学英语阅读理解中，理解长难句是必不可少的。

我们需要采用一些方法和技巧，如找出主干、利用标点符号、寻找关键词和确定从句等，才能更好地理解长难句，并在阅读中获取更多的信息。

高考英语真题阅读理解中的长难句练习题(含解析)

高考英语真题阅读理解中的长难句练习题(含解析)4.___ emerging artists from around the world。

providing a ___.分析：______________________________________________________ ____________________翻译：______________________________________________________ ____________________5.The concert was a huge success。

with fans from all over the country coming to see their favorite band perform live.分析：______________________________________________________ ____________________翻译：______________________________________________________ ____________________D6.The company's new policy on ___.分析：__________________________________________________________________________翻译：______________________________________________________ ____________________7.The team's hard work and ___ game。

solidifying their n as one of the top teams in the league.分析：______________________________________________________ ____________________翻译：______________________________________________________ ____________________分析：该段没有格式错误，但是语言表达有点口语化，可以适当修改。

高考英语阅读理解长难句解析

第一部分：高中英语长难句解析在阅读中，我们经常会遇到一些长而难的句子。

长难句通常含有较多、较长的修饰成分、并列成分或从句。

长难句的丰富内容和复杂结构往往会导致理解的困难。

理解长难句的关键是了解长难句的类型，理清句子成分，抓住句子中的关键部分。

纵观历年高考英语试题，可以发现阅读文章中出现了许多结构复杂的句子。

不难理解，命题者在句子难度上大做文章，无非是想通过增加句子长度和使用复杂结构来打断和干扰考生正常的阅读习惯和思维方式，从而达到考查考生综合阅读能力的目的。

下面我们来了解长难句最常见的形式。

一、复合从句这些句子往往较长，一个从句套着另一个从句，环环相扣，使得考生搞不清楚整个句子结构。

其实，不管句子有多长有多复杂，它只由两部分构成，即主干和修饰成分。

主干是整个句子的骨架，主要指主谓宾结构(如: I want a ticket.)或主系表结构(如:The man is a teacher.)。

而修饰成分在句中只起修饰或补充主干的作用，它既可以是单词，也可以是短语，更常见的则是从句，尤其是定语从句和状语从句。

这些从句都很常见，考生比较熟悉，但很多时候不少考生分不清单词、短语和从句之间的相互关系，这样会导致整个句子分析混乱。

这时，考生应通过仔细分析，将每个修饰成分划出来，找出句子的主干，这样整个句子结构就清晰了。

二、分隔结构为了调整语气和增加补充信息，更主要的是为了平衡句子结构，避免头重脚轻，使语义严密，结构紧凑，可将语法关系密切的两个句子成分用其他语法成分分隔开来，这就是所谓的分隔结构。

考试中出现较多的是插入语、用破折号插入的新话题或补充信息。

此外，还有一些句子成分（一般是定语）过长而出现后置，也可以看作是插入现象，只不过它只是句子原有成分位置的调整，没有新增信息。

三、成分省略在英语句子中，节约用词是一条重要的修辞原则。

省略主要是为了避免重复，突出关键词并使上下文紧密连接。

成分省略一般和从句相结合，一正一反，使句子富于变化，增强表现力。

中考英语阅读理解分析长难句技巧总结

中考英语阅读理解分析长难句技巧总结
1.逐词理解：将长句按照词语的顺序逐一理解，弄清楚每个词的意思
和词语之间的关系。

2.抓住主语、谓语、宾语：找到句子的主干部分，即主语、谓语和宾
语所在的位置，从而确定句子的基本意思。

3. 掌握连词的作用：长句中通常会出现各种连词，如and、but、so、because等，要明确连词的作用，从而理解句子之间的逻辑关系。

4.标点符号的作用：注意长句中的标点符号的用法，如逗号、分号、
冒号等，这些标点符号可以帮助我们判断句子的结构和意义。

5.利用上下文推测意义：如果单凭自己理解句子的意思困难，可以通
过上下文来推测句子的意义，寻找相关信息。

6.切忌直译：长句往往结构复杂，直接按照中文的语序进行翻译可能
会造成错误理解，要学会根据英文句子的结构和语法来理解句子的意义。

通过不断的练习，加上对语法和词汇的积累，掌握这些技巧后，就可
以更好地应对中考英语阅读理解中的长难句了。

雅思阅读之长难句分析方法和技巧

雅思阅读之长难句分析方法和技巧
雅思阅读中的长难句分析是提高阅读理解能力的重要一环。

长难句通常包含多个从句、修饰语和短语，使得句子结构复杂且难以理解。

1.确定句子主干
首先找到句子的主谓宾结构，即主语、谓语和宾语。

这有助于理解句子的主要内容和意图。

2.识别从句
长难句中通常包含多个从句，如名词性从句、形容词性从句和副词性从句。

识别从句并理解其作用有助于理解整个句子的意思。

3.理解修饰语
长难句中经常使用定语、状语、同位语等修饰语来扩展句子或解释主语、谓语或宾语。

理解这些修饰语的意思和作用有助于更好地理解句子。

4.注意标点符号
标点符号在长难句中具有重要作用。

逗号、分号和冒号等标点符号可以分隔句子成分，使句子更易于理解。

5.翻译句子
尝试将句子翻译成中文，以便更好地理解其意思。

翻译可以帮助你理解句子中的词汇、短语和从句的逻辑关系。

6.练习分析
通过大量的练习和分析，逐渐提高对长难句的理解能力。

可以多读一些英文文章，尤其是新闻、学术论文等不同类型的文本，以接触不同类型的长难句。

7.寻求帮助
如果你在分析长难句时遇到困难，可以向老师、同学或使用在线资源寻求帮助。

他们可以提供解释、翻译或指出错误，帮助你更好地理解句子。

总之，雅思阅读长难句分析需要练习和耐心。

通过掌握方法和技巧，逐渐提高对长难句的理解能力，从而在雅思阅读考试中取得更好的成绩。

2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析(189-190)讲义-高考英语一轮复习

一、长难句翻译1.The call for public engagement with the unthinkable is especially germane in this moment of stilluncontrolled pandemic and economic crises in the world’s most technologically advanced nations.2.We’re increasingly aware of the fact that we can’t control Earth systems with engineering alone, and realizing that we need to moderate our actions if we hope to live in balance.二、长难句翻译解析1.The call for public engagement with the unthinkable is especially germane in this moment of stilluncontrolled pandemic a nd economic crises in the world’s most technologically advanced nations.①内容分析首先提个问题，这个句子是一个简单句，还是一个复杂句？这里的所谓“简单”和“复杂”，不是你个人的主观感受。

如果一个句子里只有一套主谓结构，我们叫它简单句。

如果一个句子里有两套或以上的主谓结构用连词关系词之类的组合在一起，我们叫它复杂句。

可能还有些什么并列句复合句并列复合句主从复合句之类的称呼，为了方便理解，咱们就都统称为复杂句了。

那么这个句子是简单句还是复杂句？从上面的描述里，你应该知道，区分这两种句子的标准，就是到底有几套主谓结构。

那我们来找找这个句子里的谓语吧。

2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析(211-212)讲义-高考英语一轮复习

一、长难句翻译1.Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person’s makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills.”2.The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims.二、长难句翻译解析1.Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person’s makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills.”【语法拓展一个句子告诉你有多少种修饰名词的方法】①内容分析今天的句子难度并不高。

句中除了主干以外，涉及as的用法、that定语从句和such as并列列举，都是我们之前曾经讲到过的。

句子主干Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence许多人现在错误理解情感智商主干部分没有任何难度，就是核心词汇的认知考察。

阅读理解长难句分析

阅读理解长难句分析一、复杂的并列句如果句子包含两个或更多互不依从的主谓结构，就是并列句。

并列句中的分句通常用一个并列连词来连接，最常见的是and 和but。

有时，一个并列句中的一个（或更多）分句，可能包含有一个（或更多）从句，这种句子称为并列复合句。

并列连词：表并列：and or either….or neither…nor not only…but also both…and as well as表转折：but however yet nevertheless表因果关系：for so hence thereforeEg1: One of the women ,for instance,on leaving her house for work one morning threw her dog her earrings and tried to fix a dog biscuit in her ear.Eg2:A second language isn’t generally required to get a job in business,but having language skills gives a candidate the edge when other qualifications appear to be equal.Eg3:In order to grow,to travel new roads,people need to have a willingness to take risks, to confront the unknown ,and to accept the possibility that they may “fail”at first.Eg4: What the speaker was really saying is that he is no longer young; he has been teaching for sixteen years,and he is able to think and speak like a mature adult.Eg5:Shrinking landfill space, and rising costs for burying and burning rubbish are forcing local governments to look more closely at recycling.二、从句1、名词性从句I think English is very easy.That’s why I choose the Yale school.How the book will sell depends on its author。

初三英语阅读理解长难句的分析与翻译技巧

初三英语阅读理解长难句的分析与翻译技巧对于初三的学生来说，英语阅读理解中的长难句常常是令人头疼的难题。

这些长难句结构复杂、词汇丰富，理解和翻译起来颇具挑战性。

但只要掌握了正确的方法和技巧，就能够轻松应对，提高阅读理解的能力和得分。

一、长难句的特点初三英语阅读理解中的长难句通常具有以下几个特点：1、句子结构复杂包含多种从句，如定语从句、状语从句、宾语从句等，或者使用了复杂的短语结构，如分词短语、不定式短语等。

例如：“The book that I bought yesterday, which is very interesting, has been recommended by many of my friends” 这个句子中既有定语从句“that I bought yesterday”，又有非限制性定语从句“which is very interesting”，句子结构较为复杂。

2、词汇量大且生僻长难句中往往会出现一些高级词汇、学术词汇或专业术语，增加了理解的难度。

比如：“The phenomenon of climate change has raised wides pread concerns among scientists and policymakers” 其中“phenomenon”（现象）和“policymaker”（政策制定者）可能对学生来说不是常见词汇。

3、逻辑关系隐晦长难句中的逻辑关系可能不那么直接和明显，需要仔细分析才能理清。

例如：“Although he worked hard, he failed the exam because he didn't pay attention to the details” 这个句子中包含了转折和因果两种逻辑关系。

二、长难句分析技巧1、找出句子的主干句子的主干是指主语、谓语和宾语等主要成分。

先找到主干，可以帮助我们快速把握句子的基本意思。

雅思阅读长难句30句附答案

1. The Whigs were strongest in the towns, cities, and those rural areas that were fully integrated into the market economy, whereas Democrats dominated areas of semi-subsistence farming that were more isolated and languishing economically.问题：1. 请找出主句，并将各从句补充完整（添加主语、谓语）。

2. 本句最明显的逻辑关系是什么？信号词是什么？逻辑关系中的主体是什么？3. 请翻译全句。

2. Totally without light and subjected to intense pressures hundreds of times greater than at the Earth’s surface, the deep-ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans, in some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer space.问题：1. 请找出主句，并将各分句补充完整（添加主语、谓语）。

2. “hundreds of times greater than at the Earth’s surface”修饰什么？3. “Totally without light and subjected to intense pressures hundreds of times greater than at the Earth’s surface”与“the deep-ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans”间是什么逻辑关系？4. 请翻译全句。

考研英语阅读必背50个长难句详解

考研英语阅读必背50个长难句1. It is difficult to the point ofimpossibility for the average reader under theage of forty to imagine a time when high- quality arts criticism could be found in most big-citynewspapers. (2010 T1 P2)对于平均年龄40岁以下的读者而言, 他们很难想象在大多数大城市的主流报纸上可以读到高质量的艺术评论的那一年代。

2. To read such books today is tomarvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general- circulation dailies. (2010 T1 P2)今天我们阅读这样的书籍,会惊讶于这样的一个事实:这些学术性文艺评论曾经被认为适合刊登在面向大众发行的日报上。

3. In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers wouldwrite in detail and at length about the events they covered. (2010 T1 P3)在那些远去的日子里,主流报刊的评论家们详尽地评论所报道的事件,认为是理所当然的。

4. Curbs on business-method claimswould be a dramaticabout-face,because it was the Federal Circuit itself that introduced such patents with its1998 decision in the so- called State Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of poolingmutual-fund assets. (2010 T2 P3)对于商业方法专利授予的限制将会出现巨大的转变,因为正是联邦巡回法院在1998年被称为"州街银行案"的决议中引入了这类专利,其中的共有资产投资的管理方法被授予了专利。

新托福阅读长难句120句(分析+译文)

新托福阅读长难句120句（分析+译文）1. Totally without light and subjected to intense pressures hundreds of times greater than at the Earth’s surface，the deep—ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans，in some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer space.(定语后置in some ways…)由于完全没有光，而且承受着比在地球表面大数百倍的极大压力，深海底部对人类而言是一个充满敌意的环境，在某些方面就像外层空间一样险恶和遥远。

分句1：Totally without light and subjected to intense pressures分句2：hundreds of times greater than at the Earth’s surface分句3：the deep—ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans分句4：in some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer space分句2修饰分句1结尾的短语intense pressures，分句1是分句3的原因状语分句3是整个长句子的主句分句4是分句3的后置定语，修饰分句3的a hostile environment to humans整个句子结构是：原因状语+主句+后置定语这是主句前后分别有状语和定语的修饰成分，但是本句其实不是复合句。

句子的核心意思是深海对于人类而言是一个充满敌意的环境。

2.Basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20 years after theSecond World War is the country's impressive population growth．(倒装结构Basic to any understanding…is…)要理解二战之后20年中的加拿大，就必须了解该国惊人的人口增长。

历年四级阅读长难句100

历年四级阅读长难句1001. For most people the sea was remote, and with the exception of early intercontinental travelers or others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to ask many questions about it, let alone to ask what lay beneath the surface.2. There is another conversation, which from our point of view is equally important, and that has to do not with what is read but with how it is read.3. Every winter, millions of fridges hum away continuously and at vast expense, busily maintaining an artificially-cooled space inside an artificially-heated house-while outside, nature provides the desired temperature free of charge.4. The fridge’s effect upon the environment has been evident, while its contribution to human happiness has been insignificant.5. But it will be the driver’s responsibility to make sure that children under 14 do not ride in the front unless they are wearing a seat belt of some kind.6. Obviously, there would be no point in investing in a computer if you had to check all his answers, but people should also rely on their own internal computers and check the machine when they have the feeling that something has gone wrong.7. Normally a student must attend a certain number of courses inorder to graduate, and each course, which he attends, gives him a credit, which he may count towards a degree.8. It may have been a sharp criticism of the pupil’s technical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omitted to read the essay, which contained some beautiful expressions of the child’s deep feelings.9. A breakthrough in the provision of energy from the sun for the European Economic Community (EEC) could be brought forward by up to two decades, if a modest increase could be provided in the EEC’s research effort in this field, according to the senior EEC scientists engaged in experiments in solar energy at EEC’s scientific laboratories at Ispra, near Milan.10. Mr.Gretz calculates that solar energy only provided three percent of the EEC’s needs; this could still produce a saving of about a billion pounds in the present bill for imported energy each year.11. At Beth Israel each patient is assigned to a primary nurse who visits at length with the patient and constructs a full-scale health account that covers everything from his medical history to his emotional state.12. Papousek’s light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would not turn back to watch the lights closely although they would “smile and bubble”when the display came on.13. Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in question.14. So we sleep well when we are in a familiar, safe place, but we sleep lightly, if at all, when we fear that bears will nose into the tent.15. When children understand that the light of the lighting flashing reaches their eyes almost at the same moment, but the sound of the thunder takes about 5 seconds to travel just one mile, they can begin to time the interval between the flash and the crash to learn how close they were to the actual spark.16. Most people would agree that, although our age exceeds all previous ages in knowledge, there has been no corresponding increase in wisdom.17. When they get sick, we transfer them to a hospital, where children are forbidden to visit terminally ill patients- even when those patients are their parents.18. When we talk about someone’s personality, we mean the ways in which he or she acts, speaks, thinks and feels that make that individual different form others.19. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can improve performance at work and school.20. Cognitive researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on approval and gifts from others.21. Such enormous numbers used to discourage us and cause us to dismiss the possibility of making a machine with human-like ability, but now that we have grown used to moving forward at such a pace we can be less sure.22. Further ahead, by a combination of the great wealth this new age will bring and the technology it will provide, the construction of a vast, man-created world in space, home to thousands or millions of people, will be within our power.23. It is also possible for a student to move between one university and another during his degree course, though this is not in fact done as a regular practice.24. A rapid means of long-distance transportation became a necessity for the United States as settlement spread ever farther westward.25. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer’s favor, assuming he or she has a just claim.26. People will be alert and receptive if they are faced with information that gets them to think about things they are interested in.27. But he said that with a modest increase in the present sums,devoted by the EEC to this work it was possible that the breakthrough could be achieved by the end of the next decade.28. And he believes that with the possibility of utilizing more advanced technology in this field it might be possible to satisfy a much bigger share of the Community’s future energy needs.29. But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to get back into operation.30. The sight of Barney Clark- alive and conscious after trading his diseased heart for a metal and plastic pump- convinced the press, the public and many doctors that the future had arrived.31. Any attempt to trace the development from the noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties.32. The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that these imitations can be considered as speech.33. Remember you may be taken to court for not doing so, and you may be fined if you cannot prove to the court that you have been excused from wearing it.34. Oceanography has been defined as “The application of all sciences to the study of the sea.”35. Yet, unfortunately, few attempts have been made to educate fathers in this resocialization process.36. For some time past it has been widely accepted that babies- andother creatures- learn to do things because certain cats lead to “rewards”; and there is no reason to doubt that this is true.37. But is used also to be widely believed that effective rewards, at least in the early stages, had to be directly related to such basic physiological “drives”as thirst or hunger.38. It is argued by some writers that the transition to the father’s role, although difficult, is not nearly as great as the transition the wife must make to the mother’s role.39. In linking towns and people to one another it helped unify the United States.40. Although numerous books have been written about American mothers, only recently has literature focused on the role of a father.41. Pinned to their drawing boards are blueprints for improved quake-resistant buildings.42. A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands out high grades for ordinary achievement ends up with uninspired students, Eisenberger holds.43. In earlier grades, the use of so-called token economics, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance based points towards, shows promise in raising effort and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.44. The cable was laid, but not until 1866 was the connection madepermanent and reliable.45. After monitoring production of the Jarvik-7, and reviewing its effects on the 150 or so patients (most of whom got the device as a temporary measure) the U.S. Food and Drug Administration concluded that the machine was doing more to endanger lives than to save them.46. The reader puts questions, as it were, to the text and gets answers.47. Britain almost more than any other country in the world must seriously face the problem of building upwards, that is to say, of accommodating a considerable proportion of its population in high blocks of flats.48. In the past our own blocks of flats have been associated with the lower-income groups and they have lacked the obvious provisions, such as central heating, constant hot water supply, electrically operated lifts from top to bottom, and so on, as easy facilities for disposal of dust and rubbish and storage places for baby carriages on the ground floor, playgrounds for children on the top of the buildings, and drying grounds for washing.49. Man, however much he may like to pretend the contrary, is part of nature. Can he escape a pollution that is now so thoroughly distributed throughout our world?50. We know that even single exposures to these chemicals, if theamount is large enough, can cause extremely severe poisoning.51. Getting all four samples right was a tough test, but not too tough, we thought, for people who believed they could recognize their brand.52. No school I have taught in has ever ignored spelling or considered it unimportant as a basic skill.53. If a patient at Beth Israel is not responding to treatment, it is not uncommon for his nurse to propose another approach to his doctor.54. Babies will learn to behave in ways that produce results in the world with no reward except the successful outcome.55. There can hardly be a man who hasn’t at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day, or delicately picking her way through deep snow in high-heeled shoes.56. It was to Maury of the US Navy that the Atlantic Telegraph Company turned, in 1853, for information on this matter.57. It is precisely this kind of conversation that is of importance when we are seeking to develop our reading to meet the new demands being placed upon us by studying at a higher level.58. It is, everyone agrees, a huge task that the child performs when he learns to speak, and the fact that he does so in so short a time challenges explanation.59. As soon as men leave the atmosphere they are exposed to this radiation but their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecraft, if they areinside, do prevent a lot of radiation damage.60. What refrigeration did promote was marketing-marketing hardware and electricity, marketing soft drinks, marketing dead bodies of animals around the globe in search of a good price.61. The senior West German scientist in charge of the Community’s solar energy program, Mr.Joachim Gretz, told journalists that at present levels of research spending it was most unlikely that solar energy would provide as much as three per cent of the C ommunity’s energy requirements even after the year 2000.62. It is likely that the dispute regarding flats versus individual houses will continue to rage on for a long time as far as Britain is concerned.63. Since this concern about the decline and fall of the English language is not perceived as a generational phenomenon but rather as something new and peculiar to today’s young people, it naturally follows that today’s English teachers cannot be doing their jobs.64. It is said that the Englishman objects to this type of existence, but if the case is such, he does in fact differ from the inhabitants of most countries of the world today.65. It is agreed that they enjoy making noises, and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves out as particularly indicative of delight, distress, sociability, and so on.66. In what now seems like the prehistoric times of computer history, the earth’s postwar era, there was quite a wide-spread concern that computers would take over the world from man one day.67. There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested in spelling.68. At the early attempts, the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs it was found to be covered in living growths, a fact which defied contemporary scientific opinion that there was no life in the deeper parts of the sea.69. They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort, as long as they look right.70. However, even though we mentioned the fact growing numbers of women are working outside the home, the father is still thought by many as the breadwinner in the household.71. We were most impressed by the fact that even those patients who were not told of their serious illness were quite aware of its potential outcome.72. Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age, and how the process of ageing could be slowed down.73. But some people are already worried that they’ll work- and that America’s overextended health-care programs will lose a precious $2.5 billion to $5 billion a year providing them for a relatively few dying patients.74. He quickly found that children as young as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movement “switched on”a display of lights and indeed that they were capable of learning quite complex turns to bring about this result, for instance, two left or two right, or even to make as many as three turns one side.75. Papousek concluded that it was not primarily the sight of the lights, which pleased them, it was the success they were achieving in solving the problem, in mastering the skill, and that there exists a fundamental human urge to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control.76. Responsible public health officials have pointed out that the biological effects of chemicals are the danger to the individual may depend on the sum of the exposures received through his lifetime.77. Some of my colleagues and I once interviewed and followed approximately 500 terminally ill patients in order to fide out what they could teach us and how we could be of more benefit, not just to them but to the members of their families as well.78. The first time that the question “What is at the bottom of theoceans?”had to be answered with any commercial consequence was when the laying of a telegraph cable from Europe to America was proposed.79. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak.80. One problem with two wonders of nature are so difficult for many adults to explain to children is that they are not very well understood by adults themselves.81. The reason these two wonders of nature are so difficult for many adults to explain to children is that they are not very well understood by adults themselves.82. “The point is, you need to do both”, Cohen says, “Intellectual activity actually influences brain-cell health and size.”83. The trouble is that it is extremely difficult to be sure about radiation damage- a person may feel perfectly well, but the cells of his or her sex organs may be damaged, and this will not be discovered until the birth of deformed children or even grandchildren.84. The most you can say about anyone’s preference is that it’s one person’s opinion. These were people who thought they’d have no trouble telling their brand from the other brand.85. It was so hard to sell a story that barely made enough to eat.86. In most situations where music is performed in our culture it isnot difficult to distinguish the audience from the performers, but such is often not the case in Africa.87. Injuries and deaths were relatively less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred at 4:31 a.m. on a holiday, when traffic was light on the city’s highways.88. They also learn how to cope with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyze and evaluate, and to communicate effectively.89. The most recent designs give buildings brains as well as concrete and steel supports.90. The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centered on the child’s ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would have given the pupil more motivation to seek improvement.91. Should you break the rule against staring at a stranger on an elevator, you will make the other person exceedingly uncomfortable, and you are likely to feel a bit strange yourself.92. After the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake scientists had good news to report: The damage can death toll could have been much worse.93. On September 5 his suggestion bore fruit, as an estimated 10000 workers, many of them ignoring their bosses’warnings, left work tomarch from Union Square up Fifth Avenue to 42 Street.94. In 1869 they met at a place called Promontory in what is now the state of Utah.95. In short, what is wrong with Britain may also be what is right.96. It is human nature to shake off what may seem to us a threat of future disaster.97. We asked them to tell us whether each sample was Coke or Pepsi; then we analyzed the records statistically to compare the participants’choices with what mere guess-work could have accomplished.98. The quick adoption of the scheme may have indicated less about the state lawmakers’respect for working people than about a fear of risking their anger.99. Those who oppose the building of flats base their case primarily on the assumption that everyone prefers an individual home and garden and on the high cost per unit of accommodation.100. Consequently, most of the world’s fridges are to be found, not in the tropics where they might prove useful, but in the wealthy countries with mild temperatures where they are climatically almost unnecessary.。

英语四级真题阅读长难句分析

英语四级真题阅读长难句分析
【分析】本句为复合句。

主句主干为 DL signifies a course。

主句中的”in which引导定语从句，对course进展解释说明，其中instructors 和students是并列成分。

While意为虽然，尽管，引导让步状语从句;从句中的offered 为过去分词做后置定语，修饰instruction。

【译文】虽然各个大学供应的网络课程不尽一样，但是远程教学通常会把课程公开，教师会把课程大纲、阅读任务和课程安排上传到网站上，学生们则通过电子邮件提交作业。

2. Telling myself that I was merely an experienced writer guiding the young writer across the hall, I offered suggestions for characters, conflicts and endings for her tales.
【分析】本句为简洁句。

句子主干为I offered suggestions。

Telling myself hall为伴随状语，that引导宾语从句;guiding the young writer across the hall为现在分词作后置定语，修饰writer。

that 后的从句可改写为I was merely an experienced writer who are guiding the young writer across the hall。

【译文】我一次次地告诫自己，这只是一个有些阅历的作家在指导一个小作家成长而已，关于她的故事中的人物、冲突和结尾我都供应了一些
建议。

全国卷一D篇阅读理解中长难句

D篇反馈小卷Para. 11.During the rosy years of elementary school, I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status.（精准的汉语释义）___________2.My tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids came then.（句型转换；倒装）_________________________________________________________________________3.They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others. I soon found myself among them.（句型转换；非限制性定语从句）_________________________________________________________________________ Para. 21.Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. （汉语释义）___________2.Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers. （熟词生义；翻译句子）_________________________________________________________________________3. The likables’ plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. （汉语释义）___________4. Then there’s the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of power and even dishonorable behavior.（汉语释义）___________Para. 31.Although the cool kids may have seemed enviable, Dr. Prinstein’s studies show unpleasant consequences.（句型转换；用as改写句子）_________________________________________________________________________2.Those who were highest in status in high school and those least liked in elementary school, are “most likely to engage in dangerous and risky behavior.”（句型转换；用as well as改写句子）_________________________________________________________________________ Para. 41.In one study, Dr. Prinstein __________ (调查) the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring (汉语释义) the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys. _____________2.We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But those who were high in status become more aggressive too. （句型转换；用so 改写句子）_________________________________________________________________________3.It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us. （翻译句子）_________________________________________________________________________ Para. 51.Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date （熟词生义）—sharing, kindness, openness —carry over （汉语释义）to later years and ______________________ (使你能够更好地) relate and connect with others.Para. 61.In analyzing his and other research, Dr. Prinstein ______________________ (得出另一个结论).（完成句子）2.Likability is not only related to positive life outcomes, but also responsible for those outcomes, too.（句型转换；倒装）_________________________________________________________________________3.“Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experien ces that help somebody ______________________ (获得优势), ” he said.（完成句子）参考答案：Para. 11.花样年华2. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids.3. They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself.Para. 21. 充分研究的2. 把……分类；临床心理学教授米奇·普林斯坦将受欢迎的人分为两类：讨人喜欢的人和地位追求者。

2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析(443-444)讲义-高三英语一轮复习

一、长难句翻译1.Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn't even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation.2.To be narrower than a piece of A4, you need to have roughly a 25inch waist or less, which is much thinner than the 35inch average American waist, practically impossible for most human beings.二、长难句翻译解析1.Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn't even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation.【语法简析】非谓语动词dismissing...is easy【词汇精讲】1.Dismiss（超纲词）【记忆】dis+miss送→送出→解散She claims she was unfairly dismissed from her post.她声称自己被无理免职。

2.conversation 对话It's more likely that none of us start a conversation because it's awkward and challenging, or we think it's annoying and unnecessary.2018年高考英语全国卷2 阅读理解阅读D 原文更有可能的是，我们没有人开始交谈，因为这很尴尬，很有挑战性，或者我们认为这很烦人，没有必要。