2020年中考阅读专题训练一
(精编)2020年中考语文第四部分现代文阅读(一)记叙文阅读(含散文、小说)专题练习
(一)记叙文阅读(含散文、小说)第12 讲理解内容，把握文意一、(2018·陕西)阅读下面的文字，完成后面的题目。
最美的化学反应邓迎雪①十几年前，我和秋明是初中同学。
②那时的我总认为，他以后一定会成为大名鼎鼎的化学家。
③因为秋明对化学有那么浓厚的兴趣，懂的又是那样多，尤其是会做许多非常有趣的化学实验。
在我眼里，他简直像是会变戏法一样，许多普普通通的物品一经他手，好像就被施了魔法，立即变成了千奇百怪的样子。
④有次我和同学去他家玩，秋明又给我们演示他的化学新实验。
只见他端着一杯棕黄色飘着香味的茶水，然后用一只晶莹剔透的玻璃棒，在水里轻轻搅动三下，口中念声“变”，那杯香气四溢的茶水立即变成了蓝色的墨水。
还没等大家明白这是怎么一回事，秋明又把玻璃棒的另一端在墨水里轻轻一搅，淡蓝色的墨水又变回了刚才的茶水。
⑤“哇——”我们惊呼连连。
⑥秋明嘻嘻笑：“好玩不？知道为啥不？”⑦众人摇头。
⑧秋明嘴边绽放出一抹狡黠的笑，说：“这是因为玻璃棒的一端先蘸上了绿矾粉末，另一端蘸上了草酸晶体粉末，茶水里含有大量的单宁酸，当单宁酸遇到绿矾里的亚铁离子……”⑨“停——”我们大叫，“赶快再变个更好玩的。
”⑩看我们对那些枯燥的化学知识不感兴趣，秋明遗憾地皱皱眉，把没有讲完的知识咽了回去。
然后又做了一个清水变豆浆、豆浆变清水的化学实验，自然大家又是一片叫好。
⑪我不由得感叹：“这是我见过的最美的化学实验！你这家伙以后不当化学家就亏了！”⑫秋明的眼睛更亮了，说：“对呀，我的理想就是当化学家，以后在实验室里做各种各样有趣的实验。
”⑬“我觉得秋明有当魔术师的潜质。
”另一个同学说。
⑭“我还是最喜欢化学。
”秋明说。
⑮可是世事难料，秋明读高中的时候，他的父母因车祸丧失了劳动能力，全家失去了经济来源，生活捉襟见肘。
坚强的秋明为撑起这个家，供弟弟继续读书，一个人离开家乡，到南方打工去了。
⑯离开了校园，秋明的化学梦一定是从此破灭了。
每每想到这些，我就为他难过。
2020年中考英语专题复习：阅读理解 专项练习题(含答案)
2020年中考英语专题复习：阅读理解专项练习题阅读理解（一）For American teenagers, doing a part-time job is an important part of growing up. They can learn some important skills by doing a part-time job. They can also make some money in this way. Many teenagers believe that making their own money brings them pride and freedom.American teenagers can do part-time jobs at the age of 14. On weekdays, they may go to work a few hours a week after school. They usually work for longer on weekends.In summer, American teenagers are excited if they find part-time jobs at camps, swimming pools and amusement parks. These jobs can bring them too much fun.Some of the most stressful(有压力的)jobs include teaching, nursing, and police work. But these jobs can be useful for their future. When they grow up, the students with work experience are more likely(可能的)to succeed than those without work experience.A favourite job for many teenagers is taking care of babies. They can start before the age of 14. What they only do is to stay in the house and make sure the kids are OK. At the same time, they can do their homework, watch TV, or talk on the phone with friends.It is important to balance(平衡)school, homework, and a part-time job. Many American teenagers agree to do a part-time job and they value(珍视)their work experience and the skills from the job.1. The American teenagers do a part-time job for _______ .A. talking on the phone with friendsB. learning skills and getting moneyC. helping their families in the futureD. doing anything they like2. ________ is less stressful for American teenagers.A. Working at policeB. NursingC. Working at campsD. Teaching3. Which kind of part-time job can a 13yearold girl do in America?A. Working at parks.B. Working at a swimming pool.C. Looking after babies.D. Doing the dishes in a restaurant.4. The American teenagers may work for ________ a week after school on weekdays.A. one hourB. one dayC. a few daysD. a few hours5. What's the passage mainly about?A. American teenagers and their part-time jobs.B. Some popular part-time jobs among American teenagers.C. How to make more money and learn more skills.D. Whether American teenagers should work after graduation.阅读理解（二）Frank is a student. He likes playing with his phone very much. And he keeps the phone with him at all times. His dad thinks he is addicted(上瘾的) to his phone. But Frank doesn't think so. They write to each other.1. How long does Frank's dad advise him to give up his phone?A. For a week.B. For a month.C. For a year.D. Forever.2. How many teenagers are addicted to the phones according to the passage?A. Thirty percent.B. Forty percent.C. Fifty percent.D. Sixty percent.3. What does Frank think of social media, games, and apps?A. They make him smart.B. They make him relaxed.C. They help him make lots of money.D. They help him keep in touch with his friends.4. According to the passage, Frank promises to ________.A. use it at the dinner tableB. use it at homeC. spend less time on itD. give it up forever5. What can we learn from the passage?A. Frank thinks it is a waste of time to use phones.B. Frank sometimes uses his phone to look up something.C. All teenagers depend on their phones too much.D. Frank's dad thinks it's OK to check basketball scores at dinner time.阅读理解（三）When it's 11 p. m. , you may already be asleep. But for some people, it's time for them to enjoy a nighttime snack also called ye xiao.Ye xiao is the fourth meal of the day in China. It usually starts from 8 p. m. and lasts until 2 a. m. It is different between the north and the south.People from different places have their special taste. For example, in the north part of China, barbeque (烧烤) is the most common night snack, especially in summer, while in the south it changes from spicy crayfish (小龙虾) in Hunan to tasty desserts in Guangdong.Taiwan's night market is very famous. It is a place for eating and shopping. Parents take their children to eat at street stalls. Young people shop around. Old people just sit around and chat.Today, with the popularity of social media (社交媒体) ye xiao is changing in some places. For example, in Hong Kong traditional snacks include red bean soup and mango pudding. But now French pastries(法式小点) and handmade popsicles(棒冰) are new favorites, according to BBC.But why do people have ye xiao?“Some say that in southern China we have longer days, so we stay awake for longer and have more meals, ” Janice Leung Hayes, a food writer from Hong Kong, told the BBC.But ye xiao is not just about food. Eating with friends, chatting and hanging out are all part of it. All these make ye xiao a way of life.1. What is ye xiao? It is ________.A. eaten at 11p. m.B. a nighttime snackC. an important meal of a dayD. popular with young people2. The third paragraph develops ________.A. in time orderB. in space orderC. by examplesD. by telling stories3. Janice Leung Hayes ________.A. is a food writerB. works for the BBCC. likes ye xiaoD. is from North China4. According to the passage, ye xiao is a way of life because it allows people to do things EXCEPT ________.A. eating with friendsB. chatting with friendsC. visiting their friendsD. hanging out with friends5. The passage mainly tells us ________.A. ye xiao is different in ChinaB. ye xiao is changing in ChinaC. Taiwan's night marketD. something about ye xiao阅读理解（四）It is reported that some developed countries have shipped broken parts of computers to China. Last month Hong Kong officers found 131，000 kilograms of broken computers, TVs and phones sent from Japan.Things like these are called electronic waste, or ewaste. Dealing with them is not an easy job. Every time an old computer breaks down, it needs to be dealt with safely. What is worse, at present, broken computer parts are usually buried. It may be hundreds of years before they really go in the earth.Many places in China are polluted by ewaste. Guiyu in Guangdong Province is one of them. This town is named as “the ewaste capital of the world”. It has to deal with 1. 5 million kilograms of ewaste each year, from which it makes 75 million yuan. But it comes at a cost. Many of the poisons in ewaste find their way into the environment. An environmental group has found the air, the earth and the rivers in Guiyu badly polluted.Luckily, the Chinese government wants the country to change the situation. This year, China passed a new environmental protection law. Computer companies like Lenovo and Dell will be asked to take back their old computers. Hopefully, the problem with ewaste will be solved in the near future.1. The ewaste found in Hong Kong last month was from ________.A. FranceB. JapanC. GermanyD. Australia2. The underlined word “buried” probably means ________ in the passage.A. 焚烧B. 降解C. 回收D. 掩埋3. The town of Guiyu in Guangdong Province ________.A. is the ecapital of the worldB. has serious ewaste pollutionC. deals with ewaste safelyD. spends much money on ewaste4. This year, the Chinese government ________.A. closed some computer companiesB. asked people to hand in their old computersC. made a new environmental protection lawD. tried to change people's life5. The passage is mainly about ________.A. the ewaste problem in ChinaB. the cost of burning ewasteC. the ways to deal with ewasteD. the need to pass a law against ewaste阅读理解（五）Bury trip—June 18thWe will be leaving the Perse School at 13：45. Please be at the school gate 10 minutes early. If you are late, you may miss the bus and not be able to go! If you missthe bus, you won't get your money back. The bus is planned to arrive in Bury at 14: 30, although this depends on traffic. You will have free time to walk around and we will meet at the same location where we arrived at 17：15 to return to the Perse School by about 18：00.1. If Sara wants to take part in the trip, when should she arrive at the Perse School gate?A. At 13：35.B. At 13：45.C. At 14：20.D. At 14：30.2. What can we see in the Abbey?A. A big museum.B. Tall towers.C. Nice gardens.D.A new church.3. The Nutshell is famous in Britain because of its ________.A. small sizeB. good serviceC. best beerD. interesting photos4. What can we buy at the Greene King shop?①beer②potato chips③postcards④books⑤clothesA. ①②④B. ①②⑤C. ②③④D. ③④⑤5. The material is probably ________.A. a reportB. a diaryC. an introductionD. a notice阅读理解（六）Bikesharing has swept across China, with an increasing number of people choosing bike riding instead of driving. The bike that the service company provides has GPS or Bluetooth on it, and those bikes can be easily unlocked with a smart phone and left anywhere in public. Bikesharing allows people to borrow a bike from one place and return it at another place easily.In some cities, we can see more and more people riding this kind of sharingbikes. It's very convenient to use the bikes if you have a smart phone. First, you have to download such an APP on your smart phone. Then what you need to do is to find a nearest bike through the APP, scan the QR code on the bike or connect your phone with the bike over a Bluetooth wireless connection. You will find the bike can be unlocked itself. Then you can enjoy your trip. What's more, the greatest advantage of bikesharing is that you can easily find one and never worry about where to park it. The cost of riding depends on the time that you spend. Normally, every hour you ride, you need to pay one yuan. It doesn't cost so much, does it?At the same time, some people park the bikes in their own homes. Besides, some people don't value the bikes. Now service companies are trying to solve the problem like being stolen.Technology and science have changed our social lifestyles. We have to say bikesharing brings us more convenience without doubt. And we also hope that people can not only enjoy it but also put it to good use.1. From the first paragraph, we know ________.A. bikesharing is invented in ChinaB. sharingbikes are used by some peopleC. most people in cities don't driveD. sharingbikes can be borrowed anywhere2. The underlined word “scan” in Paragraph 2 probably means ________ in Chinese.A. 浏览B. 扫描C. 审视D. 细查3. If you want to use a sharingbike, you must ________ first.A. have a smart phone and download an APPB. download an APP and pay for the tripC. unlock the bike and download an APPD. find a nearest bike and borrow it from anyone4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in this passage?A. Bikesharing is very cheap.B. Sharingbikes may be stolen.C. Sharingbikes are easy to unlock.D. Bikesharing is a kind of green transport.5. The passage probably comes from a ________.A. science textbookB. tourist guideC. website news reportD. restaurant menu阅读理解（七）Scientists think that there has been life on the earth for hundreds of millions of years. However, we have not found life on any other planets yet.The earth is a planet and it goes around the sun. Seven other planets also go around the sun. None of them has an environment with air, so people and living things cannot grow. The sun and its planets are called the solar system(太阳系). The solar system is a small part of our galaxy(星系).Scientists have also discovered many other galaxies in the universe. But they are far away and their light has to travel for many years to reach us. It is hard to understand how large the universe is.So far, scientists have sent lots of spaceships to look at other planets in the solar system, and some spaceships have gone beyond the solar system. However, no one has discovered life on other planets yet.1. How many planets go around the sun?A. Seven.B. Eight.C. Nine.2. In order to look at other planets in the solar system, scientists have sent many________.A. emailsB. planesC. spaceships3. ________has found life on other planets.A. No oneB. A scientistC. A traveller4. Which of the following is TRUE?A. All the planets have an environment with air.B. The solar system includes the sun and its planets.C. There is only one galaxy in the universe.5. The best title of this passage should be ________.A. The EarthB. The Solar SystemC. The Stars at Night阅读理解（八）Kaitlin Riffel's dream to end poverty(贫困) started when she was visiting her father, who worked for the homeless.“I never realized that there were people in the world who didn't have a home or food before,” said Kaitlin, who is now sixteen. “I knew there was something I had to do about that.”At the age of eight, she started raising money to build a playground. “It took me two years,” Kaitlin said. “We started small. We wanted to do something to make a difference. ”In 2014, When Kaitlin was thirteen, she visited Central America, and saw people going hungry and families living in houses made of cardboard. That year, we set Kids on a Mission, which has helped hundreds of people there.“The rooms were smaller than my bedroom, but there would be eight people living in each one,” Kaitlin said. “We also got to see the dirty rivers that those people were drinking out of.”Providing clean drinking water, food and clothes for people living in poverty is now an important task for Kids on a Mission. “This young lady is changing the hearts of people, and also changing the world,” said the headmaster of Kaitlin's school.1. The job of Kaitlin's father was to________.A. sell foodB. build playgroundsC. visit schoolsD. help homeless people2. When did Kaitlin set Kids on a Mission?A. In 2009.B. In 2011.C. In 2014.D. In 2017.3. What was people's life like in Central America according to Kaitlin?A. They lived in strong houses.B. Their drinking water was dirty.C. Their bedrooms were very big.D. They had enough food and clothes.4. What can we infer from the headmaster's words?A. Kaitlin is always ready to give and help.B. Kaitlin has many chances to travel around.C. Kaitlin often changes schools for her study.D. Kaitlin has a serious problem with her heart.5. What might be the best title for the text?A. School life in AmericaB. Gifts from a headmasterC. The Father's duty in the familyD. A girl's dream to end poverty阅读理解（九）Many kids help out around the house with chores such as emptying the dishwasher, putting laundry away, and taking out the trash. In exchange, some kids get allowances(补贴) or other rewards such as extra computer time.But some people do not think that kids should get rewards for doing chores. Susie Walton, a parenting educator and family coach, believes that by rewarding kids, parents are sending a message that work isn't worth doing unless you get something in__return. “Running any kind of household is a team effort, ” Susie said. “A home is a living space for everyone in the family. It's important for kids to see that we all have responsibilities in the house, and how they are going to keep it looking like what everyone wants it to be. ”Other people believe that getting a cash allowance or other rewards motivates kids to do chores, and it also teaches them real world lessons about how we need to work to earn money. There are also new applications that give kids points and digital gifts that can be redeemed (兑取) either online or in the real world. With the ChoreMonster app, kids earn digital points by completing chores that they can turn in for real-life rewards such as extra Xbox time or a trip to the mall. “Our goal is to encourage kids to earn rewards,” says Chris Bergman, the founder of ChoreMonster. “Kids need positive reinforcement (强化) to help motivate them. ”What do you think? Should kids be rewarded for doing chores? Or should kids help out around their house without getting anything in return?Write a 200word response. Send it to tfkasks 4 you @timeforkids. com. Your response may be published in a future issue of Time For Kids. Please include your grade and contact information of your parents or teacher if you want your response to be published. The deadline for responding is February 18.1. How does the author start the passage?A. By presenting some facts.B. By listing some evidence.C. By comparing different views.D. By showing his own experiences.2. What does the underlined phrase "in return "mean in Chinese?A. 回报B. 给予C. 完成D. 回复3. According to Susie Walton, ________.A. kids should be rewarded for doing choresB. parents decide what kids can do for the familyC. kids have the responsibility to share houseworkD. kids can get extra computer time for doing chores4. Paragraph 3 is mainly about ________.A. Chris Bergman's opinion on raising kidsB. main reasons why kids need encouragementC. how to motivate kids to try new applicationsD. the advantage of rewarding kids for doing chores5. The purpose of writing the text is to ________.A. invite readers to express their opinionsB. inform readers of two different opinionsC. call on readers to reflect on their behaviorD. present the author's viewpoint about parenting答案：阅读理解（一）1.B 2．C 3．C 4．D 5．A 阅读理解（二）1.A2.C3.D4.C5. B阅读理解（三）1. B2. C3. A4. C5. D阅读理解（四）1.B2. D3. B4. C5. C阅读理解（五）1.A2. C3. A4. B5. D阅读理解（六）1．B2．B3．A 4. D 5. C 阅读理解（七）1. B2. C3. A4. B5. B阅读理解（八）1. D2. C3. B4. A5. D阅读理解（九）1.A2. A3. C4. D5. A。
2020年浙江中考语文复习 专题一 名著阅读(一)
毛、《山海经》 经》
典型代表
外貌：高大 范爱农 身材，长头 (温州： 发，眼球白 2014，多黑少，看 绍兴： 人总像在藐 2012) 视，声音钝
滞
称呼：二太
拍发电报；看光 复的绍兴
鼓励孩子吃冰；
有着倔强耿 介的性格， 愤世嫉俗， 是一个负责 任的人
自私自利、
【经典篇目】
第一类：批判
——以议论为中心，将散文和杂
7．下面是《朝花夕拾》中人物的描写，请写出 对应人物。
(1)我其时觉得很有许多东西要买，看的和衍太吃太的，
只是没有钱。有一天谈到这里，她便说道，
“母亲的钱，你拿来用就是了，还不就是你的
无常
么？”我说母亲没有钱，她就说可以拿首饰去变
卖。她是
_
(2)鬼卒和鬼王是红红绿绿的衣裳。他不但活泼
(3)其时进来的是一个黑Βιβλιοθήκη 的先生，八字须，戴A．无常
B．长妈妈
C．寿镜吾
D．范爱农
2．“但他掉B下去了，虽然能浮水，却从此不起 来。第二天打捞尸体，是在菱荡里找到的，直
3．下面关于《朝花夕拾》内容表述B有误的一项 是( ) A．《藤野先生》中的藤野先生是作者在日本仙 台留学时遇到的一位老师。 B．《五猖会》主要描述了作者儿时在乡间迎神 会和戏台上所见到的“无常”形象。 C．《从百草园到三味书屋》中有一段文字是作
《琐记》：主要回忆了作者离开绍兴去南京求 学的过程。作品先写邻居衍太太表面对别人家
一、填空题。
回忆性散文
1．《朝花夕拾》是鲁迅1926年所作旧事的重一提 本
(体裁)集，共十篇，最卧初冰在求鲤《莽老原莱娱》亲杂志郭巨发埋表儿
时，原题目为《
肉麻当作有趣
》。
2020年广东中考英语阅读理解限时训练(一)PDF版有答案(2)
2020年广东中考英语阅读理解限时训练（一）AAre you learning English and do you need help with grammar?Do you want to learn new vocabulary?Well,try to get help from the following top five free English learning centers online.Dave's ESL CafeOur center can help you learn and practice English.You can read many stories and do a lot of exercises to test yourself.You can also post questions and answers onto the Learners'Corner.Classroom by Voice of AmericaYou can watch videos and listen to news stories to improve your listening and vocabulary.You can also listen to English words and their meanings.About EnglishYou can take free English courses in our center,and you'll get regular(定期的)emails that will help you learn English.Newbury House Dictionary of American English Do you need to find the definition(定义)of a word?Use this online dictionary to find simple and clear definitions,as well as example sentences and idioms(习语)．You can also find different cultural facts.Personal English Portal(门户网站)on YouTube We offer you series(系列)of videos to develop your listening skills.You can also do a search on YouTube to find other videos.This is a good way to practice English and have fun.()1.Linda is interested in Dave's ESL Cafe.What can she do in the center?A．Watch videos.B．Listen to news stories.C．Find the meanings of words.D．Post questions and answers.()2.From Newbury House Dictionary of American English，what can you find?A．Example sentences and idioms.B．English songs.C．English grammar exercises.D．Many videos.()3.About English often sends emails to its visitors to help them ________.A．get relaxed B．have funC．become famous D．learn English()4.If you want to develop your listening skills and have fun，you can go to________.A．Newbury House Dictionary of American EnglishB．YouTubeC．Dave's ESL CafeD．the Classroom by V oice of America()5.Where may we read the above information?A.In the science fiction.B．In a newspaper.C.In a story book.D．In a science report.BNo matter who you are and where you live，the most important thing is what kind of person you are.There are many good qualities(品质)that can benefit you a lot in your life.Among them，the following qualities are the most helpful ones.Have a positive attitude(态度).Life is not always a bed of roses. When you face difficulties，don't lose heart.Do you know what can help you overcome difficulties?It's your attitude.Cheer up！Life is like a mirror.When you smile in front of it，it will also smile at you.Keep learning.Maybe you are used to your present life.Every day you have so much work to do that you can't find any time to learn. However，the world around you is changing all the time.Never be satisfied with yourself，or you will fall behind others.Keeping learning can help you get success in the future.Be creative.In the modern world，the students who have creative thinking are needed most.Being creative means coming up with new ideas and having creative imagination.Those who are creative have more choices in their life.Be honest and keep your promise.Honesty is the best policy(原则). Nobody likes a person who tells lies.The one who keeps his words is popular everywhere.As long as you have these qualities mentioned above，you will be excellent and make a difference to the world.Albert Einstein once said，“Try not to become a man of success but rather try to become a man of value.”()6.From the passage，we know that_____can help you overcome difficulties.A.rosesB.attitudeC.mirrorsD.learning ()7.The underlined word“benefit”probably means____in Chinese in this passage.A.影响B.补贴C.有益D.救济()8.In the writer's opinion，there are_____qualities that can benefit you most in your life.A.threeB.fourC.fiveD.six ()9.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage？A.Since there is too much work to do，you needn't find time tolearn.B.If you think creatively，you will have more chances to choosein your life.C.When you keep your words，you usually promise to do whatyou have said.D.Albert Einstein thought we should become a man of value.()10.Which one might be the best title of this passage？A.Keeping Your PromiseB.Being a Man of SuccessC.Trying to Think CreativelyD.The Most Helpful Qualities of a ManAMany students find it difficult to learn English.Some of them even want to give up.They wonder how they can learn it well.Here are four English classes in Yucai Training Center.Have a look,maybe they can help you to improve it.Class 1:For speaking Time:7：30p ．m.—9：30p ．m.everyTuesday Teacher:John Smith (the USA)Price:￥150for a monthIntroduction:In this class,you will learn how to talk with others in English and how to sing English songs.Class 2:For reading Time:8：00p ．m.—10：00p ．m.on Mondays Teacher:Jeff Green (the UK)Price:￥180for 6weeks Introduction:We'll tell you some useful reading strategies and skills.Some for daily reading and some for exam reading.Class 3:For listening Time:7：00p ．m.—8：30p ．m.onWednesdays Teacher:Lin Tao (CHN)Price:￥100for 3weeksIntroduction:This class will give you some helpful advice to practice listening.Class 4:For writing Time:7：00p ．m.—9：00p ．m.every Thursday Teacher:Rose (Australia)Price:￥120for 4weeks Introduction:Rose is an experienced teacher.She has her special ways for you to improve your writing.She is also here to be your pen pal.For more information,you can read tomorrow's newspaper or contact (联系)Mr.Zheng at 07696653221or email him at yucai @ .2020年广东中考英语阅读理解限时训练（二）()1.There is(are)________class(es)for you to improve your English in Yucai Training Center.A．one B．twoC．three D．four()2.If you want to join all the classes in this training center,you should pay________for them.A．￥150B．￥180C．￥220D．￥550()3.________will teach Mr.Chen to improve his speaking.A．John Smith B．Jeff GreenC．Lin Tao D．Rose()4.You can read this advertisement________.A．in a storybook B．in a newspaperC．in a magazine D．on the Internet()5.Which is the correct order for the class in Yucai Training Center according to the time you can join in?①Class1:For speaking②Class2:For reading③Class3:For listening④Class4:For writingA．①②③④B．②①③④C．②①④③D．③④②①BPinyin,a system that uses the Latin letters,tells us how to pronounce Chinese characters.What you learned in your first Chinese class in primary school was probably pinyin.The year2018marks pinyin's sixtieth birthday.In1958,Chinese linguist(语言学家)Zhou Youguang and his team designed pinyin.Before that,Chinese people used many other methods to denote(标注)the pronunciation of Chinese characters.In ancient China, people denoted Chinese characters using other Chinese characters that had the same pronunciation.Some of the symbols are Chinese character strokes(笔画)．For example,a vertical stroke(一竖)pronounced as“i”in pinyin.Some people in Taiwan still use this method.However,these methods are not as simple as pinyin.Because of pinyin,many illiterate(不识字的)people have learned how to read.We use pinyin to type Chinese characters into computers and phones.Pinyin has been useful in other ways,too.It helps to promote the use of Standard Chinese,or Mandarin, so people who speak different dialects(方言)can still understand each other.Pinyin is not only popular in China.Many people around the world start to learn Chinese by learning pinyin.You might say“nihao”instead of “hello”to a foreign friend.The Oxford English Dictionary(《牛津英语词典》)includes more than100Chinese words in pinyin,such as zhongguomeng for“Chinese dream”，and wanggou for“online shopping”．Pinyin is not only a language tool,but also a cultural bridge that connects China to the world,Guangming Daily noted.Pinyin is still young.But it has been and will still be a useful tool in the future.()6.The underlined word“promote”in the second paragraph may mean“________”in the passage.A．解释B．改善C．表达D．介绍()7.Paragraph2mainly tells us about________.A．the history of pinyin B．the designers of pinyinC．the problems of pinyin D．the future of pinyin()8.The writer talks about the Oxford English Dictionary to tell us ________.A．pinyin is popular only in ChinaB．pinyin is popular all over the worldC．pinyin will not be used in the futureD．English will be replaced(代替)by pinyin()9.We can learn from the passage________.A．pinyin has been used since ancient ChinaB．people in Taiwan prefer to use pinyinC．pinyin is useful in many waysD．we will not use pinyin in the future()10.We can infer from the passage that the writer feels________ about the future of pinyin.A．doubtful B．unsureC．hopeful D．sad2020年广东中考英语阅读理解限时训练（三）AHello,lovely boys and girls.I would like to introduce our English language holidays for you.As English is one of the most widely spoken languages in the world，millions of people look forward to studying English abroad(在国外)during holidays.English language holidays are taken in Englishspeaking countries like England，the USA，Australia and so on.There，you study in a language school with students from many different countries.You live with local(本地的)people，and often stay with a host family.The English language holiday has become a very popular way of learning English because it has many advantages.●Constant Experience(持续的体验)Because you are in an Englishspeaking country，from the time you wake up and have breakfast with your host family until late evening，you have no opportunity to escape the English language.●Mixed(混合的)ClassesOn a language holiday，students come from all over the world.It is possible that nobody in your class will speak your language，so you will just have to speak English.●Free From PressureOn a language holiday，you may forget the everyday pressure of school.You feel more relaxed and you can learn easily.●Cultural UnderstandingLearning a language is not only about learning words.Different countries have different cultures.People think and behave(表现)differently.By visiting and living in a foreign country，you learn to understand the culture and the people，and so understand the language better.If you want to know more about it,don't forget to attend our introduction meeting on time.It will be held at eight tomorrow morning in our school hall.You won't realize its advantages until you experience it by yourself.()1.The followings are all Englishspeaking countries EXCEPT ______according to the passage.A.EnglandB.the USAC.RussiaD.Australia()2.While you are having an English language holiday，you cannot ______.A.just do what you likeB.study in a language schoolC.stay with a host familyD.live with local people()3.What does the underlined word“escape”mean in Chinese?A.教育B.逃避C.表达D.进去()4.The number of advantages of English language holidays is ______.A.oneB.twoC.threeD.four()5.What's the best title of this passage?A.English language holidays.B.English language holidays are popular.C.The advantages of English language holidays.D.The disadvantages of English language holidays.BDo you know what smart phones can do for us?We can make phone calls，take photos，call a Didi Taxi，send short messages or emails，check emails，surf the Internet and watch videos almost anywhere.Especially，smartphone shopping has become more and more popular in our life because people can buy almost everything they need there.You are wondering how to shop on smartphones?Let me show you.If you live in the central part of the city,and you need to buy some fresh grapes from the east of the city,you can use your smartphone.To start with，all you need to do is download a shopping app(应用程序)and find a suitable store you like.Shopping on the smartphone has a lot of advantages，of which the most important is perhaps its convenience.People don't have to waste a lot of energy and time to go from one shop to another to choose things they like.This is especially good for the old，the sick and the busy people who cannot go to the shops by themselves.However，shopping on the smartphone also has its disadvantages. The first disadvantage is that people can't see the goods or try them on by themselves.Sometimes，the real goods may not be the same as what they have seen on the smartphone.The second disadvantage is that some shops on the Internet are not registered(登记的).They will never deliver(递送)anything to you after they get the money from you.Once you are cheated，you will find that you have nowhere to go to complain(投诉).()6.Smartphone shopping has become more and more popular in our life because______.A.we can take photos and send short messagesB.we can buy almost everything we needC.we can check emails and surf the InternetD.we can make phone calls and call a Didi Taxi()7.If you want to shop on smartphones，you should______at first.A.go to the storeB.find a suitable storeC.send emails to the shopD.download a shopping app()8.What does the underlined word“convenience”mean in Chinese?A.麻烦B.方便C.舒适D.交流()9.The number of disadvantages of shopping on smartphones is ______.A.oneB.twoC.threeD.four()10.What's the best title of this passage?A.Smartphone shopping.B.The usages of smartphone shopping.C.The advantages of smartphone shopping.D.The disadvantages of smartphone shopping.AHow winter weather influences the subway serviceWhen temperatures drop,and ice and snow fall on the tracks,know more service changes by:☆listening to your local traffic broadcasts☆visiting our website ☆signing up for email or text message warnings on our website☆following us on Twitter(NYCTSubwayScoop)☆calling our travel information line at 718-330-1234Our goal is to keep as many trains in service as possible and to keep you informed.Depending on how bad the weather is,here’s what you can expect:Service on these lines may run local on different parts of their routes:A,E,D,F,N,Q,2,3,4,5Service will change on these lines:G —Service between Court Square and 71st Street will stop for some time.7—Reduced service 11p.m.—1a.m.After 1a.m.normal late night service startsagain.S —*42nd Street train runs all night*Dyre Road trains go farther to 149th Street*Rockaway Park train goes farther to Euclid RoadExpect service on these weekday lines to end earlier than normal:B(take D or Q instead),V(take F instead),W(take N instead)Please allow for more travel time and listen for broadcasts.Thank you.2020年广东中考英语阅读理解限时训练（四）()11.People can know about subway service changes in winter through_____ ways.A.threeB.fouC.fiveD.six()12.The subway website will_____.A.send emails to some passengersB.keep all the underground trains in serviceC.follow the passengers around in the stationD.call the travel information line to know about the changes()13.What service changes there will be depends on_____.A.the weatherB.the seasonC.passengersD.the temperature()14.The service of_____lines will change if necessary.A.tenB.fourteenC.sixteenD.eighteen()15.When Line V ends earlier,passengers can take_____.A.Line7B.Line QC.Line5D.Line FBWould you like to live in a city where buildings turn the lights off for you,and self-driving cars will find the nearest parking space themselves?Although it might sound a little far from you,living in a“smart”city like this could happen sooner than you think.Great changes have taken place in towns that we have lived in for centuries, while completely new cities are being built.One such place is the city of Songdo. Every home there will have a“tele-presence system(远程遥控系统)”allowing users to control the heating and locks,take part in video meetings,and receiveeducation,health care and government services.Around the city,escalators(自动扶梯)will only move when someone is on them,and offices and schools will all be connected to the system.The great mind behind Songdo is from the company Cisco.In fact,technology companies around the world such as IBM,Siemens and Microsoft are already in the business.“About75%of the world’s population will live in cities by2050,so cities will need to be more modern to deal with the coming problems.Making cities smarter is one way out,and I think this will in turn make cities greener,”said Dan Hill, head of a research company.()16.According to the text,living in a“smart”city_____.A.is not a green wayB.will be far from youC.will soon become trueD.is completely impossible()17.The underlined phrase“in turn”means_____in Chinese.A.反过来B.轮流C.依次地D.翻转()18._____offers the great mind to build Songdo.A.CiscoB.IBMC.SiemensD.Microsoft()19.Dan Hill thinks that making cities smarter is one way to_____.A.drive people out of citiesB.control the world’s populationC.develop his own companyD.solve the cities’coming problems()20.Which of the following might be the best title for the text?A.Future EducationB.Smart Citiesernment ServicesD.Famous Companies【参考答案】训练一1-5 D A D B B 6-10 B C B A D 训练二1～5 D D A B B 6～10 D A B C C 训练三1~5C A B D C6~10B D B B A 训练四1-5 C A A C D 6-10 C A A D B。
2020年中考英语阅读专项训练—新冠肺炎专题(原创,有答案)
2020年中考英语阅读专项训练—新冠肺炎专题一、完形填空AWuhan resident (居民) Feng Bangli came down with a fever at the end of January. He worried that he might have been infected (感染) by the novel coronavirus. Due to a lack of beds and medical supplies in hospitals at that time, he had to stay at home and take medication (药物治疗) 1_____ his own.Luckily, about a week later, Feng 2______ to a makeshift hospital (方舱医院) for treatment.“Without such makeshift hospitals, many COVID-19 patients like me may never have found a bed,” Feng said. He has since recovered and been discharged (准许离开) from Wuchang makeshift hospital 3_____ is for treating COVID-19 patients.To deal with the novel coronavirus outbreak, China started 4______ makeshift hospitals on Feb 3 in Wuhan. Two days later, Wuchang makeshift hospital was 5______ to receive patients. In total, Wuhan built 15 makeshift hospitals. They were built in exhibition (展览) halls, sports stadiums (场馆) 6_______ warehouses (仓库), according to China Daily. These hospitals allowed more than 12,000 COVID-19 patients with mild symptoms (轻症) to receive 7_______ and care.“Building makeshift hospitals provides a new way for us to manage with major public health emergencies as we 8_______ organize and expand (扩大) medical resources,” said Ma Xiaowei, minister of the National Health Commission.Similar hospitals are being built worldwide as other countries fight the virus.New York has finished 9______ a makeshift hospital in the Javits Convention Center. The 1,000-bed hospital started receiving patients at the beginning of April, CNN reported. London is changing Excel London, a major convention (会议) center,10______ a makeshift hospital. The NHS Nightingale Hospital, as it is being called, will have two wards (病房) and take in up to 4,000 patients.( )1.A.of B. on C. in D. by( )2.A.was sent B. is sent C. sent D. send( )3.A.where B. who C. what D. which( )4.A.built B. building C. to build D. build( )5A.first B. the first C. one D. once( )6.A.and B. but C. so D. or( )7.A.agreement B. treatment C. development D. argument( )8.A.quick B. quickly C. quicker D. more quickly( )ing up B. waking up C. setting up D. turning up( )10.A.into B. of C. by D. up参考答案：1-5 BADCB 6-10 ABBCABWhat makes a hero? Most of us might not have the chance to fight bravely in a war, as we imagine many heroes do. 1______ , facing the spread of the novel coronavirus, many Chinese have shown their 2______, resilience (韧性) and dedication, just like heroes do.“A hero is someone 3______, in spite of weakness, doubt or not always knowing the answers, goes ahead and overcomes anyway,” said US actor Christopher Reeve, who was best known 4______ playing Superman.During the epidemic, everyone is afraid of the 5_______ disease. But out of responsibility, compassion (同情) or just simply wanting to do their jobs, some choose to hold their fear down, 6______ and fight the virus. They are known as “heroes in harm’s way”.Medical workers and scientists are always on the frontlines. Experts Zhong Nanshan, 84, and Li Lanjuan, 73, for example, 7______ day and night to develop rapid test kits and treat severe (重症的) patients; doctor Zhang Wenhong from Shanghai tries8______ the public about the virus in a humorous way; Li Wenliang and some other medical workers even lost their lives while fighting the epidemic.Besides these well-known names, many heroes remain unknown, although they also take risks and 9_______ their own parts. Construction (建筑) workers race against time to build makeshift (临时的) hospitals; volunteers ensure the transportation of supplies; and thousands of media workers keep the public updated with news and inspiring stories.Chinese writer Lu Xun said, “True heroes dare to look squarely to the gloomy (惨淡的) life and are bold (勇敢的) in facing up to the dripping (淋漓的) blood.” The battle against an epidemic is 10_______, but as long as there are heroes and heroic deeds, victory will be guaranteed (保证).( )1.A.But B. However C. And D. So( )2.A.courage B. encourage C. careless D. population ( )3.A.which B. that C. who D. whose ( )4.A.at B. with C. as D. for( )5A.dead B. deadly C. death D. die( )6.A.stand onto B. stand on C, stand up D. stand out( )7.A.have worked B. worked C. works D. had worked ( )8.A.to educate B. educating C. educated D. educate ( )9.A.play B. take C. bring D. carry ( )10.A.hard B. hardly C. harder D. hardest参考答案：1-5 BACDB 6-10 DAAAA二、选词填空。
【团队整理】2020年重庆中考语文文言文阅读-训练老师推荐
中考语文专项训练--文言文阅读专题1、阅读下面文言文，完成下列小题。
鲁施氏有二子，其一好学，其一好兵。
好学者以术干①齐侯，齐侯纳之，为诸公子之傅；好兵者之楚，以法干楚王，王悦之，以为军正。
禄富其家，爵荣其亲。
施氏之邻人孟氏，同有二子，所业亦同，而窘于贫。
羡施氏之有，因从请进趋之方。
二子以实告孟氏。
孟氏之一子之秦，以术干秦王。
秦王曰：“当今诸侯力争，所务兵食而已。
若用仁义治吾国，是灭亡之道。
”遂宫②而放之。
其一子之卫，以法干卫侯。
卫侯曰：“吾弱国也，而摄乎大国之间。
大国吾事之，小国吾抚之，是求安之道。
若赖兵权，灭亡可待矣。
若全而归之，适于他国，为吾之患不轻矣。
”遂刖之而还诸鲁。
既反，孟氏之父子叩胸而让③施氏，施氏曰：“凡得时者昌，失时者亡。
子道与吾同，而功与吾异，失时者也，非行之谬也。
且天下理无常是，事无常非。
先日所用，今或弃之；今之所弃，后或用之。
此用与不用，非定是非也。
”孟氏父子舍然无愠容，曰：“吾知之矣，子勿重言!”（节选自《列子•说符》）【注释】①干：这里是劝说的意思。
②宫：酷刑的一种。
下文的“刖”也是酷刑的一种。
③让：责问，责备。
8．下列句子朗读节奏划分不正确的一项是（）A．羡/施氏之有B．孟氏/之一子之秦C．当今/诸侯力争D．遂/宫而放之9．解释文中加点词的含义。
（1）抚（2）反（3）愠10．翻译文中画线句子（1）其一子之卫，以法干卫侯（2）今之所弃，后或用之。
11．选文告诉我们哪些道理？请用自己的话回答。
【答案】8．B9．（1）安抚，抚慰（2）通“返”，返回（3）生气，发怒10．（1）他的（另一个）儿子前往卫国，用兵法劝说卫侯。
（2）现在放弃的，以后也许会用到。
11．（1）天下没有永远不变的道理，处理事情要随机应变。
（2）他人的成功经验不能盲目照搬。
（3）做亊应适应形势，抓住机遇。
（4）劝说他人时要了解对方的需要。
学￥科网【解析】8．试题分析：考查文言文语句的句读。
解答此类试题，要在整体感知文章内容的基础上，先对句子作点睛：文言文朗读节奏的划分是有规律可循的：①句首关联词或语气词之后要停顿；②有些古今异义词朗读时要分开；③主语和谓语之间，谓语和宾语、补语之间，一般要停顿；④需要着重强调的地方，一般要停顿；⑤省略句中省略的地方一般要停顿；⑥并列短语间要略作停顿；⑦古代的国名、年号、官职、人名、地名等应作停顿。
2020九年级中考语文记叙文阅读专项考点系列训练题一(含答案 5篇)
2020中考语文记叙文阅读专项系列训练（一）主要阅读训练考点：1、关于文章命题的理解；2、文章有关内容概括；3、词句表达效果赏析（一）阅读下面文字，完成第1-4小题。
（16分）六平方米的幸福耿艳菊①喧嚷的街上多了一家修鞋铺。
我每天都去那条街上买菜，却仍旧不知修鞋铺何时来的。
明明是卖大饼的，饼香还在鼻翼间缭绕，再去看到的却是一家修鞋铺。
门口挂着牌子，蓝色工整字体：补鞋，换拉链，配钥匙。
②这家修鞋铺很小，不过几平方米，既是工作地，又是生活区。
它对着街，里面的陈设一览无余。
以前做大饼被熏黑的墙壁，现在粉刷一新，变成了亮亮的白色。
靠墙放着一张大床，占据了大半位置。
墙壁上用木板做了很多格子，置放着锅碗瓢盆以及各样生活用品。
屋子狭小，而各样陈设却有序整洁。
③修鞋铺的主人是一对中年夫妻。
男人整天坐在门口，低着头做活，身边放着做活用的工具，还有一些活计。
没见男人站起来过，来回走动的就是他的妻子，那个走起路来有点向左倾斜的瘦高的女人。
有时候见她在做饭，有时见她给男人打打下手，有时见她给男人端茶递水，有时见她坐在床边极其认真地绣十字绣。
很少见他们说话，可是他们的默契和安然，一点不觉得可怜，反而觉得这种平淡相守的美好，与地位与身份都无关。
④修鞋铺的门口常常能看到一个穿着校服的小男孩，独自玩得欢。
一个阳光明媚的中午，小小的修鞋铺也沐浴在阳光里。
路过时，见他们正围在一张折叠的桌子旁吃饭。
那个穿校服的小男孩也在，男人拣了一块肉，要往他碗里放，小男孩急忙躲开了。
这小男孩原来是他们的孩子。
⑤要配钥匙的时候，自然想起了修鞋铺。
那天我走近这家铺子，这才看清一直坐着干活的男人，他的腿有残疾。
我把钥匙递给他，他看了半天，对我说，这钥匙不好配，他尽力试试。
⑥等待的过程，无事可做，见女人坐在床边低头绣十字绣，于是笑着问她，绣的什么呀？女人笑盈盈抬起头，招手让我进去看。
我看这狭小的放满物品的屋子，有几分犹豫，还是趔趄着身子进去了。
女人竟有些歉疚地说，这屋小，只有六平方米，出门在外，只望有一个容身之所。
【刚刚整理】2020年中考语文名著导读专题练习老师推荐
中考语文专项训练--名著导读专题1、阅读名著片段，回答问题。
（5分）①猴王只顾苦战七圣，却不知天上坠下这兵器，打中了天灵，立不稳脚，跌了一跤，爬将起来就跑；被二郎爷爷的细犬赶上，照腿肚子上一口，又扯了一跌。
他睡倒在地，骂道：“这个亡人！你不去妨家长，却来咬老孙！”急翻身爬不起来，被七圣一拥按住，即将绳索捆绑，使勾刀穿了琵琶骨，再不能变化。
（选自《西游记》第六回）②行者仔细观看，乃二郎显圣领梅山六兄弟，驾着鹰犬，挑着狐兔，抬着獐鹿，一个个腰挎弯弓，手持利刃，纵风雾踊跃而来。
行者道：“八戒，那是我七圣兄弟，倒好留请他们，与我助战。
若得成功，倒是一场大机会也。
”八戒道：“既是兄弟，极该留请。
”行者道：“但内有显圣大哥，我曾受他降伏，不好见他！你去拦住云头，叫道：‘真君，且略住住，齐天大圣在此进拜。
’他若听见是我，断然住了。
待他安下，我我却好见。
”[来源:学#科#网]（选自《西游记》第六十三回）（1）根据提示，选择填空。
（2分）①“受他降伏”指的是。
A．二将军宫门镇鬼 B．小圣施威降大圣 C．真行者落伽山诉苦②“与我助战”说的是在祭赛国，七圣帮助悟空、八戒打死了万圣龙王和，并帮助祭赛国王收回了佛宝。
A．黑河妖 B．黄狮精 C．九头虫（2）根据两段文字，分析悟空这一形象前后各表现出怎样的特点。
（2分）（3）初中阶段推荐的名著阅读书目中，对你影响较大的还有《》，它教会了你。
（1分）【答案】（1）①B ②C（2分，每空1分）（2）前：不服输，性子急。
（1分）后：机智灵活，细心周到。
（1分）（3）示例：钢铁是怎样炼成的敢于面对困难和挑战（1分）【考点定位】识记文学名著内容。
能力层级为识记A。
（ 2）试题分析：此题考查学生对名著《西游记》中的重要人物的了解，并分析出人物性格特点，要求学生在阅读的过程中分析主要人物的性格，注意取经前和取经过程中孙悟空性格的改变。
【考点定位】识记文学名著内容。
能力层级为识记A。
（3）试题分析：答案不唯一，写出名著题目，然后简单的概括主题即可。
【最全制作】2020年中考语文文言文阅读强化练习优质推荐
中考语文专项训练--文言文阅读专题1、按要求完成题目杜祁公衍①，越州人，父早卒，遗腹生公，其祖爱之。
幼时，祖父脱帽，使公执之，会山水暴至，家人散走，其姑投一竿与之，使挟以自泛。
公一手扶竿，一手执帽，漂流久之，救得免，而帽竟不濡。
前母有二子，不孝悌，其母改适②河阳钱氏。
祖父卒，公年十五六，其二兄以为母匿私财以适人，就公索之，不得，引剑斫之，伤脑。
走投其姑，姑匿之重橑③上，出血数升，仅而得免。
乃诣河阳，归其母。
继父不之容，往来孟、洛间，贫甚，佣书④以自资。
尝至济源，富民相里氏奇之，妻以女，由是资用稍给。
举进士，殿试第四。
及贵，其长兄犹存，待遇甚有恩礼。
二兄及钱氏、姑氏子孙，受公荫补官者数人，仍皆为之婚嫁。
(选自司马光《涑水记闻》)（注释）①杜祁公衍:杜行，別称祁公，北宋名臣。
②适:女子出嫁。
③重橑(lǎo):房屋重叠处的夹层。
④佣书:受雇抄写书札。
73．下列句中加点词意思相同的一项是( )A．父早卒，遗腹生公故余虽愚，卒获有所B．会山水暴至闻迁客骚人，多会于此C．其二兄以为母匿私财以适人儒有不宝金玉，而忠信以为宝D．尝至济源尝贻余核舟74．结合你的感受，写一则批注，评价杜行。
75．能否认为本文是杜行的传记?请运用传记的知识阐释。
【答案】73．D74．示例1：杜衍命运多舛，是遗腹子，又遭遇母改嫁、祖父卒、二兄索财追杀等悲惨之事。
但与生俱来的刚强、坚忍，帮助他渡过劫难，赢得贵人相助，获取功名。
不经一番彻骨寒，哪得梅花扑鼻香？杜衍这段渡尽劫难修成正果的经历，实在是人间一段佳话。
示例2：杜衍一生颇具传奇色彩。
幼年时，他在洪水中漂流很久得救，手中的帽子竟不被打湿；十五六岁，被二兄用剑伤脑，出血数升，却能幸免于难；无依无靠，佣书自资：富贵后还能以德报怨，帮助曾经伤害他的人。
这一系列传奇的经历，既是他天性纯良、仁义的体现，也是命运之神的垂怜。
杜衍超越常人之举，令人感佩。
75．示例1：能。
传记强调真实性，杜衍是历史上的真实人物，作者按时间顺序，记录了杜衍人生的重要经历。
2020年中考名著阅读专项训练(含答案)
2020年中考名著阅读专项训练（含答案）一、名著阅读。
回到车厂，他懊睡了两天。
决不想上曹宅去了，连个信儿也不必送，曹先生救不了样子的命。
睡了两天他把车拉出去，心中完全是块空白，不再想什么，不再希望什么，只为肚子才出来受罪，肚子饱了就去睡，还用想什么呢，还用希望什么呢？看着一条瘦得出了棱的狗在白薯挑子旁边等着吃点皮和须子，他明白了他自己就跟这条狗一样，一天的动作只为捡些白薯皮和须子吃。
将就着活下去是一切，什么也无须乎想了。
人把自己从野兽中提拔出，可是到现在人还把自己的同类驱逐到野兽里去。
样子还在那文化之域，可是变成了走兽。
一点也不是他自己的过错。
他停止住思想，所以就是杀了人，他也不负什么责任。
他不再有希望就那么迷迷忽忽的往下坠，坠入那无底的深坑。
他吃，他喝，他嫖，他賭，他懒，他狡猾，因为他没了心，他的心被人家摘了去。
他只剩下那个高大的肉架子，等着清烂，预备着到乱死岗子去。
19．这篇文章的作者是__________________20．样子为何侧睡？21．请从孙侦探、车夫老马、虎妞三个人物中选取其一，谈谈他（她）在样子从“人”到“走兽”这过程中产生了怎样的影响。
二、根据你对文学名著的阅读，回答下列小题。
15．在《红岩》中，他被敌人注射了麻醉剂，仍然凭着坚强的意志，保守了党的机密。
这里的“他”是谁？“他”入狱前为办《挺进报》承担的具体工作是什么？16．请简述在洛伍德学校发生传染病疫情时简·爱与好友海伦·彭斯之间感人至深的故事情节。
三、班级开展名著阅读交流活动，请积极参与，充分展示自我。
【我来对一对】【甲】“俺只指望痛打这厮一顿，不想三拳真个打死了他。
洒家须吃官司，又没人送饭，不如及早撒开。
”拔步便走，回头指着郑屠尸道：“你诈死，洒家和你慢慢理会。
”—头骂，一头大踏步去了。
（节选自《水浒传》第3回）（1）《水浒传》的“回目”有形式整齐的特点，请根据【甲】段内容，补全“回目”。
答：史大郎夜走华阴县，______A_______。
2020年外研版英语中考题型训练——阅读理解01 人物故事
阅读理解(一)人物故事A[2019·辽阳]Devon Gallagher, a college graduate from Philadelphia, wants the world to know exactly where she’s been during her worldwide vacation in a special way.The traveler, who was born with a congenital bone disease(先天性骨病), lost her right leg at the age of four. Although she had a hard time at first, she now thinks that nothing can stop her living her best life.To spread that message, Gallagher shares photos of her travels around the world online, and writes her location across her artificial leg(假肢) before taking a picture. Now she has been taking pictures across Europe, all with the well-known locations written on her artificial leg.“I get a new leg every two ye ars and I can choose the design (设计) on it. One day I had a sudden idea to get a chalkboard,” Gallagher said. “My mum and grandmother didn’t like the idea, but my friends liked it and told me to go for it, so I did.”Gallagher said people often stared when she was writing on her leg. But once she shared the photos, she received only positive feedback(正面的反馈). “My leg hasn’t stopped me doing anything I’ve wanted to do, and I’ve been able to keep up with my peers(同龄人) and lead a pretty great life.”Gallagher shows us that you should never let anything stand in the way of your dreams. And if you run into difficulties, get creative with it—because if life gives you an artificial leg, make art.1.Gallagher has only one leg because she .()A.was born with one legB.had a car accident at the age of 4C.got hurt at collegeD.had a congenital bone disease2.A(n) is written on Gallagher’s artificial leg each time she takes a picture.()A.diseaseB.locationC.messageD.idea3.Gallagher has been sharing pictures to .()A.help her friends to spread the messageB.make her mum and grandmother happyC.tell the world how wonderful her vacation isD.show that nothing can stop her living her best life4.When people saw Gallagher’s pictures, they .()A.didn’t like her ideaB.gave her positive feedbackughed at her dreamD.helped her choose the design of her leg5.The best title of the passage is .()A.The Secret to SuccessB.Face Difficulties with a SmileC.Wonderful PhotosD.A Vacation to RememberB[2020·原创]In the dark forests of Russia, where the snow lies on the ground for eight months of the year, there are large groups of wolves. It is a fearful thing for travellers, especially if night falls, to hear the hungry howls(狼嚎) of the wolves as they get nearer and nearer.A Russian nobleman, with his wife and a young daughter, was travelling in a sleigh(雪橇) over a bare plain. At nightfall they reached an inn, and the nobleman called for more horses so that he could continue his journey. The innkeeper begged him not to carry on. “There is danger ahead,” he said. “The wolves are out.” The traveller thought that the reason that the man was telling him this was to keep him as a guest for the night. The nobleman replied that it was too early in the season for wolves, and ordered for the sleigh to be made ready to set off. Not caring about the repeated warnings of the innkeeper, the nobleman and his family left on their way.The driver had worked his whole life for the nobleman. He loved his master as he loved his life. The sleigh travelled quickly over the hard snow, and there seemed no signs of danger. The moon began to shine, so that the road looked like shiny silver. Suddenly the little girl said to her father, “What was that strange howling sound I heard just now?” Her father replied, “Nothing but the wind is blowing through the trees.” The child shut her eyes, and kept still for a while. However, in a few minutes, with a face pale with fear, she turned to her father, and said, “Surely that is not the wind! I hear it again. Do you not hear it too? Listen!” The nobleman listened, and far, far away in the distance behind him, he heard a sound of the wolves. His family and the driver of the sleigh did not know the sound.Whispering to the driver, he said, “They are after us. Get your gun ready. I will do the same. We may be able to get away from them. Drive on! Drive on!” The man drove as fast as he could, but nearer, ever nearer, came the howling which the child had first heard. It was perfectly clear to the nobleman that a pack of wolves had got their smell, and was running after them. Meanwhile he tried to calm his wife and child down.1.What is the fearful thing for travellers in the dark forests of Russia?()A.The snow.B.The hungry howls of wolves.C.The dark forests.D.The nightfall.2.What did the nobleman think of the innkeeper’s warnings?()A.He thought that the reason that the innkeeper was telling him was true.B.He thought it was too late in the season to meet wolves.C.He didn’t think the wolves weren’t out.D.He thought the innkeeper wanted to keep him as a guest for the night.3.What Chinese story is similar to that in Paragraph 2?()A.The story of Wu Song.B.The story of Li Kui.C.The story of Little Red Riding Hood.D.The story of Dongguo and Wolf.4.How did the wolves find the travellers?()A.The wolves got the smell.B.The sleigh travelled quickly over the hard snow.C.The wind was blowing through the trees.D.The girl’s whispering to the driver.5.Which statement isn’t mentioned in the passage?()A.The nobleman called for more horses so that he could continue his journey.B.The driver loved his master as much as his life.C.The nobleman was full of anxious fears.D.It was the little girl who heard the howls of the wolves first.CAs a new teacher in Denver, Kyle felt that there was something she didn’t know about her students. She thought up a lesson plan called “I Wish My Teacher Knew…”.For th e activity, Kyle’s students wrote down a thought for their teacher and shared something they’d like her to know about.The students loved this idea. Many of them were not only willing to include their names, but also enjoyed sharing it with the class.“I wish my teacher knew I don’t have pencils at home to do my homework,” one wrote.“I wish my teacher knew I don’t have friends to play with,” another shared.“I wish my teacher knew sometimes my homework is not signed(签名) because my mum is not around a lot,” read another.After she learned most of her students led heartbreaking lives, Kyle shared some of the notes on social media. She hoped other teachers would use the same lesson with their own students. Soon posts and photos of notes from other schools poured in(涌入) from around the world.“After one student shared that she had no one to play with at break, the next day during break I noticed she was playing with a group of girls. Not only can I support my students, but my students can support each other,” said Kyle.Kyle’s story won the hearts of many people.“I take my hat off to this teacher. It must have been heartbreaking after reading these stories.”“If every person did one nice thing for someone, no matter how small, the world would be a better place.”1.Kyle started the activity to .()A.give good lessons to the studentsB.help other teachers prepare lessonsC.know more about her studentsD.get her students to know her better2.What did the students need to do in the activity?()A.Write down their wishes.B.Play at break with friends.C.Get their homework signed.D.Have more pencils at home.3.What do we know from the story?()A.The students put notes on social media.B.All the students led heartbreaking lives.C.Many people supporte d Kyle’s students.D.The students improved in some ways.4.How do you understand the underlined sentence?()A.I look up to the teacher.B.I encourage the teacher.C.I agree with the teacher.D.I don’t believe the teacher.5.Which of the following words best describes Kyle?()A.Imaginative.B.Polite.C.Responsible.D.Friendly.【参考答案】A[主旨大意]本文是一篇记叙文。
湖南省2020中考语文 第三部分 现代文阅读 专题一 说明文阅读习题 语文版
专题一说明文阅读第1类社会热点一、(2021猜测)阅读下面的文章，完成1～4题。
(8分)故宫为何不积水单霁翔7月19日凌晨至20日夜间，北京患病长达55个小时的降雨天气过程，是2020年入汛以来最强降雨，全市平均降雨212.6毫米，城区平均降雨274.0毫米，均超过了2012年“7·21”特大暴雨过程，为多年所罕见。
雨后，媒体争相传播一组故宫雨景照片，呈现了难得一见的“千龙出水”场景，特殊是大暴雨时故宫博物院内地面未消灭明显积水，更显示出故宫完善的排水系统的强大排水力量。
紫禁城建筑之初，对排水系统进行了精准测量、精密设计和精细施工。
其地面顺应北京地区地理环境，整体走势呈北高南低、中间高两边低，而且有坡度，为自然排水制造了有利条件。
紫禁城内的排水沟渠全部通向内金水河。
内金水河又与紫禁城城墙外侧52米宽的护城河相连，之后同周边的外金水河、中南海等水系相通，这些水系同时兼有排水功能。
相对整个北京城区排水体系来说，紫禁城排水系统是第一级的，这是从前皇家地位的体现。
此外，紫禁城整个排水系统经过统筹规划，还设计营造了主次分明、明暗结合的浩大人工排水网络，沟通各个宫殿院落的排水系统有干沟、支沟，有明沟、暗沟，有涵洞、流水沟眼等众多排水设施。
紫禁城排水系统分为三类，分别是建筑排水、地表径流、地下暗沟。
雨水降落时，一部分雨水落到建筑上，沿着建筑屋顶琉璃瓦落到地面，之后雨水会顺着明沟流到地下暗沟沟口，还有一部分雨水直接形成地表径流，顺地面坡度流入院落和房基四周的石槽明沟；明沟若遇有台阶或建筑物，则从“沟眼”穿过，汇入暗沟。
地下暗沟纵横交叉、四通八达，雨水排入暗沟以后，再由支沟汇合到干沟，经干沟排入内金水河。
历年固定时间淘挖养护，几百年来排水效果良好，无论雨量多大，并无积水之弊。
故宫前三殿的排水功能格外引人注目。
太和殿、中和殿和保和殿均坐落在一个8米多高的工字型台基上，台基面积25000平方米，分为三层。
在台基四周栏杆底部，有排水的孔洞，每根望柱下还有一个雕琢精致的石龙头，其口内为凿通的圆孔，是主要．．排水口．．．。
部编版2020年中考语文第四部分现代文阅读(一)记叙文阅读(含散文、小说)专题练习
(一)记叙文阅读(含散文、小说)第12 讲理解内容，把握文意一、(2018·陕西)阅读下面的文字，完成后面的题目。
最美的化学反应邓迎雪①十几年前，我和秋明是初中同学。
②那时的我总认为，他以后一定会成为大名鼎鼎的化学家。
③因为秋明对化学有那么浓厚的兴趣，懂的又是那样多，尤其是会做许多非常有趣的化学实验。
在我眼里，他简直像是会变戏法一样，许多普普通通的物品一经他手，好像就被施了魔法，立即变成了千奇百怪的样子。
④有次我和同学去他家玩，秋明又给我们演示他的化学新实验。
只见他端着一杯棕黄色飘着香味的茶水，然后用一只晶莹剔透的玻璃棒，在水里轻轻搅动三下，口中念声“变”，那杯香气四溢的茶水立即变成了蓝色的墨水。
还没等大家明白这是怎么一回事，秋明又把玻璃棒的另一端在墨水里轻轻一搅，淡蓝色的墨水又变回了刚才的茶水。
⑤“哇——”我们惊呼连连。
⑥秋明嘻嘻笑：“好玩不？知道为啥不？”⑦众人摇头。
⑧秋明嘴边绽放出一抹狡黠的笑，说：“这是因为玻璃棒的一端先蘸上了绿矾粉末，另一端蘸上了草酸晶体粉末，茶水里含有大量的单宁酸，当单宁酸遇到绿矾里的亚铁离子……”⑨“停——”我们大叫，“赶快再变个更好玩的。
”⑩看我们对那些枯燥的化学知识不感兴趣，秋明遗憾地皱皱眉，把没有讲完的知识咽了回去。
然后又做了一个清水变豆浆、豆浆变清水的化学实验，自然大家又是一片叫好。
⑪我不由得感叹：“这是我见过的最美的化学实验！你这家伙以后不当化学家就亏了！”⑫秋明的眼睛更亮了，说：“对呀，我的理想就是当化学家，以后在实验室里做各种各样有趣的实验。
”⑬“我觉得秋明有当魔术师的潜质。
”另一个同学说。
⑭“我还是最喜欢化学。
”秋明说。
⑮可是世事难料，秋明读高中的时候，他的父母因车祸丧失了劳动能力，全家失去了经济来源，生活捉襟见肘。
坚强的秋明为撑起这个家，供弟弟继续读书，一个人离开家乡，到南方打工去了。
⑯离开了校园，秋明的化学梦一定是从此破灭了。
每每想到这些，我就为他难过。
2020年中考英语复习【阅读理解题】专题训练卷1附答案详析
2020年中考英语复习【阅读理解题】专题训练卷1姓名1．"I will think of it．"It is easy to say this，but do you know what great things have come from thinking？Sir Isaac Newton was sitting in his garden when he saw an apple fall from a tree．He began to think and tried to find out why the apple fell．Then he discovered how the sun，moon，and stars are kept in their places．A boy named James Watt sat quietly by the fire，watching the lid of the kettle move up and down．He wanted to find out why the steam in the kettle moved the lid．From that time he went on thinking and thinking．And when he became a man，he improved the steam engine （蒸汽机）so much that it could easily do the work of many horses．James Ferguson was a poor boy．Once，seeing the inside of a watch，he wondered．"Why should I not make a watch？"But how could he get the materials to make the mainspring （钟表的主发条）？He soon found he could make it with whalebone （鲸骨）．He then made a wooden clock which kept good time．His motto （座右铭）was"I will think of it．"And he made his thoughts useful to himself and the world．Boys and girls，when you have a difficult lesson to learn，don't lose heart，and don't ask someone for help before helping yourselves．Think，and by thinking you will learn how to think to some purpose．1．From the passage，we know that some great things come from．A．listening B．reading C．speaking D．thinking2．The idea of Isaac Newton's discovery was from．A．the falling of an apple B．the cleaning of a gardenC．the falling of a tree D．the moving of a lid3．The achievement of James Watt was that he．A．kept thinkingB．found the steam in the kettleC．improved the steam engine muchD．watched the lid move up and down4．The right order of the following sentences is．①James Ferguson made a wooden clock．②James Ferguson saw the inside of a watch．③James Ferguson made the mainspring with whalebone．A．③②①B．②③①C．②①③D．③①②5．What is the main idea of the passage？A．Learn to ask for help．B．A difficult lesson to learn．C．It is easy to say"I will think of it．"D．Think，and by thinking you will learn how to think to some purpose．2．We can't remember clearly since when we started to take our mobiles to a dinner table．This happens a lot，especially when we eat out．Once a dish comes，instead of lifting our chopsticks，we take out our mobiles and click．Later，we post the photos onto Weibo or Wechat，waiting to be"liked"．Then we check our mobiles from time to time during the meal，to see whether we get"liked"or not．We just cannot leave our mobiles for only a meal．Does that sound familiar to you？Do you do that often？If not，how do you feel when others do that when having dinner with you？A recent study suggests that what we are used to doing is not so good．Spending time taking photos of food makes the food less pleasant．To test this，some researchers did an experiment．Some people were asked to take photos before they could enjoy food．As a result，it showed that the more photos they took，．So，why not stop taking photos and just enjoy the food in front of you？Besides the scientific result，there are also some other bad influences of taking photos of food before meals．After posting the photos onto the Internet，one will not be able to control himself and check his mobile many times．"Does everyone like my photos？I hope a lot of people like them!"It seems that your mobile secretly calls your name all the time，even when you are with real people．So，next time you go out to have dinner with your family or friends，how about not taking photos of food？Let the food be delicious as it is and share your life with people around you．Trust me，it will be a wonderful time．1．From the passage，what happens a lot at the dinner table nowadays？A．People talk about their Weibo or WeChat．B．People learn from each other how to cook dishes．C．People like taking photos with friends or families．D．People take photos of food and post them before eating．2．Which of the following can be put in the in Paragraph 3？A．the less cheerful they becameB．the less delicious the food seemed to themC．the more interested they were in the foodD．the more"liked"they got on Weibo or Wechat3．What does the fourth paragraph talk about？A．The reasons for checking your mobiles．B．The ways of posting the photos onto the Internet．C．The tips （提示）of making others like your photos on the Weibo．D．Some other bad influences of taking photos of food before meals．4．Which of the following is the writer's opinion？A．We take out our mobiles and click when a dish comes．B．We check our mobiles from time to time during the meal．C．Spending time taking photos of food makes the food less pleasant．D．Some people were asked to take photos before they could enjoy food．5．What can we learn from the passage？A．Take photos of food in order to have a wonderful life．B．Take photos of delicious food and share them with others．C．Remember to have dinner with our family and friends at home．D．Enjoy the life with people around us instead of taking photos of food．3．Should Children Be Allowed to Get Bored？Children need time to stand and stare．They should be allowed to get bored so that they can develop their ability to be creative．Children are expected by their parents to be reading a textbook all the time．However，research shows that it may hamper the development of their imagination，while boredom can give them opportunities to develop creativity．Boredom is often linked with loneliness，but a writer named Meera Syal said boredom had helped here in developing her mind．She told researchers about her childhood．Having few things to do，Syal often talked with her neighbors．She also tried to do things like learning to bake cakes．"But importantly，I thought and wrote a lot，because I was bored，"Syal said．She kept a diary，filling here time with short stories and poems she made up．Grayson Perry，an artist，grew up in a family with little money．He enjoyed himself by making up stories，drawing pictures for his stories and reading many books in the library．Bored but free，he spent hours looking out of the window，watching the changing clouds and seasons．Perry filled up his free time with what he liked．He became creative，because he could think freely．Dr．Belton is an expert on the effects of emotions on learning．"Boredom could be an uncomfortable feeling，"she said．"But some young people cannot deal with that boredom creatively．So sometimes they may break a classroom window，or drive a car out for a mad race．"Usually，when children have nothing to do，they would turn on the TV，the computer，or the phone．Their time on these things has increased，yet they need to have time to think about their experiences through play or just watching the world around them．It is this kind of thinking that can inspire the imagination．On the other hand，the TV or phone may cut short the thinking process．That can be harmful to the development of creativity．"For developing the ability to be creative，"Dr．Belton advised，"perhaps we need to stand and stare，and stay off﹣line from time to time．" 1．What does the word"hamper"in Paragraph 2probably mean？A．Slow down．B．Keep up with．C．Go beyond．D．Give rise to．2．The writer talks about Syal and Perry to．A．stress the great differences between themB．introduce a popular writer and a famous artistC．suggest good ways of going through boredomD．show effects of boredom on developing creativity3．What can we learn from the passage？A．Boredom provides children with space to think freely．B．It's much better for children to be busy than be bored．C．Boredom helps children deal with difficulties properly．D．It's boring for children to think about their experiences．4．I stopped to watch my little daughter busy playing in her room．In one hand was a plastic phone．In the other hand was a toy broom．I listened as she was speaking to her imaginary friend and I'll never forget the words she said，even though it was pretended（假装）．She said，"Surie's in the corner because she's not been very good．She didn't listen to a word I said or do the things she should．"In the corner I saw her baby doll all dressed in pink．It was obvious she'd been put there to sit alone and think．My daughter continued her"conversation"as I sat down on the floor．She said，"I'm all fed up．I just don't know what to do with her anymore．She cries whenever I have to work and wants to play games，too．She never lets me do the things that I just have to do．She tries to help me with the dishes，but her arms just cannot reach and she doesn't know how to fold towels．I don't have the energy to teach．I have a lot of work to do and a big house to keep clean，I don't have the time to sit and play．Don't you know what I mean？"And that day I thought a lot about making some changes in my life，as I listened to her innocent（天真的）words that cut me like a knife．I hadn't been paying enough attention to my most dear．But how my attitude has changed，because，in my heart，I realize I've seen the world in a different light through my little darling's eyes．So，let the cobwebs（蜘蛛网）have the corners and the dust bunny rabbit rule the floor．I'm not going to worry about keeping up with them anymore．I'm going to fill the house with memories of a child and her mother，for we have only one childhood，and we will never get another．1．What does the underlined word"She"in Paragraph 3 refer to（指的是）？A．The daughter's motherB．Suzie's daughterC．Suzie's baby dollD．The daughter's baby dool2．How did mother feel when she heard the"conversation"？A．WorriedB．DisappointedC．RegretfulD．Sad3．What's the purpose of the story？A．The mother should be angry with her daughterB．The mother should spend enough time with her daughterC．The mother shouldn't change her attitude to her daughterD．The mother shouldn't pay attention to her daughter's words．参考答案与试题解析1．"I will think of it．"It is easy to say this，but do you know what great things have come from thinking？Sir Isaac Newton was sitting in his garden when he saw an apple fall from a tree．He began to think and tried to find out why the apple fell．Then he discovered how the sun，moon，and stars are kept in their places．A boy named James Watt sat quietly by the fire，watching the lid of the kettle move up and down．He wanted to find out why the steam in the kettle moved the lid．From that time he went on thinking and thinking．And when he became a man，he improved the steam engine （蒸汽机）so much that it could easily do the work of many horses．James Ferguson was a poor boy．Once，seeing the inside of a watch，he wondered．"Why should I not make a watch？"But how could he get the materials to make the mainspring （钟表的主发条）？He soon found he could make it with whalebone （鲸骨）．He then made a wooden clock which kept good time．His motto （座右铭）was"I will think of it．"And he made his thoughts useful to himself and the world．Boys and girls，when you have a difficult lesson to learn，don't lose heart，and don't ask someone for help before helping yourselves．Think，and by thinking you will learn how to think to some purpose．21．From the passage，we know that some great things come from D．A．listening B．reading C．speaking D．thinking22．The idea of Isaac Newton's discovery was from A．A．the falling of an apple B．the cleaning of a gardenC．the falling of a tree D．the moving of a lid23．The achievement of James Watt was that he C．A．kept thinkingB．found the steam in the kettleC．improved the steam engine muchD．watched the lid move up and down24．The right order of the following sentences is B．①James Ferguson made a wooden clock．②James Ferguson saw the inside of a watch．③James Ferguson made the mainspring with whalebone．A．③②①B．②③①C．②①③D．③①②25．What is the main idea of the passage？DA．Learn to ask for help．B．A difficult lesson to learn．C．It is easy to say"I will think of it．"D．Think，and by thinking you will learn how to think to some purpose．【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的教育文化类阅读，说明"我将要思考它"说起来容易，真正做起来就能成就很多伟大的事情，文章举例了牛顿发现万有引力，瓦特发明蒸汽机，詹姆斯用鲸骨制作钟表的主发条，并且从此把"我要思考它"作为自己的座右铭．最后发出倡导，当我们遇到困难的时候，不要灰心，在你自己能解决问题之前不要寻求他人的帮助，自己多思考，通过思考你将学会如何去达到一些目的．【解答】21．D 细节理解题，根据第一段"It is easy to say this，but do you know what great things have come from thinking？可知，一些伟大的事情来自于思考，所以选D．22．A 细节理解题，根据文章第二段，牛顿发现万有引力是根据他看到苹果从树上落下来，他开始思考为什么苹果落下来，到发现万有引力．所以选A23．C 细节理解题，从文章From that time he went on thinking and thinking．And when he became a man，he improved the steam engine （蒸汽机）so much that it could easily do the work of many horses．所以瓦特的成就是改善了蒸汽机，所以选C．24．B 内容理解排序题，根据文章第四段的内容，当他看到钟表内部的结构，就在想为什么自己不能制作一个手表呢，不久他先用鲸骨做了一个主发条，然后他作了一个木制的闹钟．所以排列顺序是②③①，故选B．25．D 考查文章主旨题，根据文章最后一句，Think，and by thinking you will learn how to think to some purpose．可知，文章主要大意就是通过思考，你将会学会怎样达到某个目的．【点评】阅读理解题通常从细节，文章主旨，推测词组大意几个方面考查学生对文章的理解，做题时注意找到文章出处，做到有理有据．2．We can't remember clearly since when we started to take our mobiles to a dinner table．This happens a lot，especially when we eat out．Once a dish comes，instead of lifting our chopsticks，we take out our mobiles and click．Later，we post the photos onto Weibo or Wechat，waiting to be"liked"．Then we check our mobiles from time to time during the meal，to see whether we get"liked"or not．We just cannot leave our mobiles for only a meal．Does that sound familiar to you？Do you do that often？If not，how do you feel when others do that when having dinner with you？A recent study suggests that what we are used to doing is not so good．Spending time taking photos of food makes the food less pleasant．To test this，some researchers did an experiment．Some people were asked to take photos before they could enjoy food．As a result，it showed that the more photos they took，．So，whynot stop taking photos and just enjoy the food in front of you？Besides the scientific result，there are also some other bad influences of taking photos of food before meals．After posting the photos onto the Internet，one will not be able to control himself and check his mobile many times．"Does everyone like my photos？I hope a lot of people like them!"It seems that your mobile secretly calls your name all the time，even when you are with real people．So，next time you go out to have dinner with your family or friends，how about not taking photos of food？Let the food be delicious as it is and share your life with people around you．Trust me，it will be a wonderful time．61．From the passage，what happens a lot at the dinner table nowadays？DA．People talk about their Weibo or WeChat．B．People learn from each other how to cook dishes．C．People like taking photos with friends or families．D．People take photos of food and post them before eating．62．Which of the following can be put in the B in Paragraph 3？A．the less cheerful they becameB．the less delicious the food seemed to themC．the more interested they were in the foodD．the more"liked"they got on Weibo or Wechat63．What does the fourth paragraph talk about？DA．The reasons for checking your mobiles．B．The ways of posting the photos onto the Internet．C．The tips （提示）of making others like your photos on the Weibo．D．Some other bad influences of taking photos of food before meals．64．Which of the following is the writer's opinion？CA．We take out our mobiles and click when a dish comes．B．We check our mobiles from time to time during the meal．C．Spending time taking photos of food makes the food less pleasant．D．Some people were asked to take photos before they could enjoy food．65．What can we learn from the passage？DA．Take photos of food in order to have a wonderful life．B．Take photos of delicious food and share them with others．C．Remember to have dinner with our family and friends at home．D．Enjoy the life with people around us instead of taking photos of food．【分析】本篇文章讲述了现在常见的社会现象﹣﹣在吃饭前拿手机拍照"消毒"，拍完照片放在网络上，而且不时地看手机，想着别人会不会喜欢自己的美食照片，会有多少人点赞．专家认为这种行为是不好的．一方面花时间拍照，食物变得没那么好吃；另一方面，眼前的人会忽视，因为拍照片的人就像被手机不停地"呼唤"，看有多少人点赞．专家呼吁，让食物美味如初，享受与眼前人的相聚时刻．【解答】61．D 细节理解题．从原文第一句We can't remember clearly since when we started to take our mobiles to a dinner table．以及整个文章的讲述可知，指的是D的内容；62．B 细节理解题．As a result，it showed that the more photos they took，________．从关键词as a result 以及前面的句子Spending time taking photos of food makes the food less pleasant．可知，拍过多的照片，食物变得越不好吃．所以答案为B．the less delicious the food seemed to them；63．D 内容归纳题．找到本段中心句Besides the scientific result，there are also some other bad influences of taking photos of food before meals．可知，全段是谈论吃饭前拍照的一些其他的坏的影响，故答案为D；64．C 推测作者观点题．排除法．题目的关键词是opinion（观点），而ABD选项都是现象的描述，并非观点，因此答案为C．65．D 主旨归纳题．根据本文最后一句Let the food be delicious as it is and share your life with people around you．Trust me，it will be a wonderful time．可知作者的写作目的﹣﹣享受与眼前人一起的生活，而不是饭前拍照．Enjoy the life with people around us instead of taking photos of food．故答案为D．【点评】首先浏览全文，概括主旨大意，理清写作结构，浏览题目，抓住关键词，快速得出答案．3．Should Children Be Allowed to Get Bored？Children need time to stand and stare．They should be allowed to get bored so that they can develop their ability to be creative．Children are expected by their parents to be reading a textbook all the time．However，research shows that it may hamper the development of their imagination，while boredom can give them opportunities to develop creativity．Boredom is often linked with loneliness，but a writer named Meera Syal said boredom had helped here in developing her mind．She told researchers about her childhood．Having few things to do，Syal often talked with her neighbors．She also tried to do things like learning to bake cakes．"But importantly，I thought and wrote a lot，because I was bored，"Syal said．She kept a diary，filling here time with short stories and poems she made up．Grayson Perry，an artist，grew up in a family with little money．He enjoyed himself by making up stories，drawing pictures for his stories and reading many books in the library．Bored but free，he spent hours looking out of the window，watching the changing clouds and seasons．Perry filled up his free time with what he liked．He became creative，because he could think freely．Dr．Belton is an expert on the effects of emotions on learning．"Boredom could be an uncomfortable feeling，"she said．"But some young people cannot deal with that boredom creatively．So sometimes they may break a classroom window，or drive a car out for a mad race．"Usually，when children have nothing to do，they would turn on the TV，the computer，or the phone．Their time on these things has increased，yet they need to have time to think about their experiences through play or just watching the world around them．It is this kind of thinking that can inspire the imagination．On the other hand，the TV or phone may cut short the thinking process．That can be harmful to the development of creativity．"For developing the ability to be creative，"Dr．Belton advised，"perhaps we need to stand and stare，and stay off﹣line from time to time．" 53．What does the word"hamper"in Paragraph 2probably mean？AA．Slow down．B．Keep up with．C．Go beyond．D．Give rise to．54．The writer talks about Syal and Perry to D．A．stress the great differences between themB．introduce a popular writer and a famous artistC．suggest good ways of going through boredomD．show effects of boredom on developing creativity55．What can we learn from the passage？AA．Boredom provides children with space to think freely．B．It's much better for children to be busy than be bored．C．Boredom helps children deal with difficulties properly．D．It's boring for children to think about their experiences．【分析】应该允许孩子无聊吗？孩子需要时间发呆放空，他们应该被允许感到无聊，那样他们才可以发展创造力．父母期望孩子一直读教科书，然而研究表明，它会妨碍孩子想象力的发展，而无聊可以给他们发展创造力的机会．无聊常与孤独有关，但是一个叫Meera Syal的作家说，无聊对发展她的思想有帮助．她告诉研究者们，她的孩提时代几乎无事可做，她经常与邻居聊天．她也试图去做一些事情，像烤蛋糕．"但是重要地是，我想了很多，写了很多，因为我很无聊．"Syal说．她坚持写日记，用短故事和诗来打发时间．Grayson Perry，一名艺术家，在一个贫穷家庭长大．他通过编故事、为他的故事配图、在图书馆里看书来愉悦自己．无聊但很空闲，他花几个小时眺望窗外，看云彩的变化和季节的变换．Perry用他喜欢的事情来填满他的空闲时间，他变得有创造力，因为他可以自由地思考．Belton博士是一个研究情感对学习的影响的专家．"无聊可能是一种不舒服的感受，"她说，"但是一些年轻人不能创造性地处理那种无聊．"所以有时他们会砸坏教室的窗子或者开快车来发泄．通常，当孩子们没有事可做时，他们会打开电视、电脑或打电话，他们花费在这些事情上的时间增加了，但他们仍需要时间通过玩或者观察周围的世界来考虑他们的感受．这就是那种可以激发他们想象力的思考．另一方面，电视或电话可能会短暂地打断这个思考过程，那对他们创造力的发展会有害．"为了发展创造力，"Belton博士说，"或许我们需要发呆放空，并且不时地远离网络．"【解答】53．A 词义猜测题．根据research shows that it may hamper the development of their imagination，while boredom can give them opportunities to develop creativity．可以进行词义猜测，while（然而），表示同一方面两个不同事物的对比，存在相反的情况，根据while boredom can give them opportunities to develop creativity（然而无聊可以给他们开发创造力的机会），可知是就"无聊的影响"这一方面来说的，而且后面说到的是好的影响，可以推测前面说到的是相反的情况﹣﹣不好的影响．BCD选项都有积极的含义，B．Keep up with，和…并驾齐驱；C．Go beyond．超越；D．Give rise to．提升，唯有A选项slow down是"减慢"的意思，有负面的影响，意为"妨碍；牵制，减慢"．故答案为A．54．D 推理判断题．根据原文"…Meera Syal said boredom had helped her in developing her mind．"和"He became creative，because he could think freely．"可知作者谈论这两个人是为了表明无聊在发展创造力方面的影响，故选D．55．A 主旨大意题．本文主要是说，无聊给孩子提供了自由思考的空间，故选A．【点评】本文主要是说无聊给孩子提供了自由思考的空间，孩子需要发展创造力．题止涉及到词义猜测、推理判断和主旨大意题，要在抓住关键句子的基础上进行合理地分析才能得出正确答案，切记不能乱猜，一定做到有理有据．4．I stopped to watch my little daughter busy playing in her room．In one hand was a plastic phone．In the other hand was a toy broom．I listened as she was speaking to her imaginary friend and I'll never forget the words she said，even though it was pretended（假装）．She said，"Surie's in the corner because she's not been very good．She didn't listen to a word I said or do the things she should．"In the corner I saw her baby doll all dressed in pink．It was obvious she'd been put there to sit alone and think．My daughter continued her"conversation"as I sat down on the floor．She said，"I'm all fed up．I just don't know what to do with her anymore．She cries whenever I have to work and wants to play games，too．She never lets me do the things that I just have to do．She tries to help me with the dishes，but her arms just cannot reach and she doesn't know how to fold towels．I don't have the energy to teach．I have a lot of work to do and a big house to keep clean，I don't have the time to sit and play．Don't you know what I mean？"And that day I thought a lot about making some changes in my life，as I listened to her innocent（天真的）words that cut me like a knife．I hadn't been paying enough attention to my most dear．But how my attitude has changed，because，in my heart，I realize I've seen the world in a different light through my little darling's eyes．So，let the cobwebs（蜘蛛网）have the corners and the dust bunny rabbit rule the floor．I'm not going to worry about keeping up with them anymore．I'm going to fill the house with memories of a child and her mother，for we have only one childhood，and we will never get another．59．What does the underlined word"She"in Paragraph 3 refer to（指的是）？DA．The daughter's motherB．Suzie's daughterC．Suzie's baby dollD．The daughter's baby dool60．How did mother feel when she heard the"conversation"？CA．WorriedB．DisappointedC．RegretfulD．Sad61．What's the purpose of the story？BA．The mother should be angry with her daughterB．The mother should spend enough time with her daughterC．The mother shouldn't change her attitude to her daughterD．The mother shouldn't pay attention to her daughter's words．【分析】我停下来，注视着正在她的房间里忙着玩耍的小女儿．她一手拿着一个塑料电话，另一只手拿着一个玩具扫帚．我听到了她跟她假想中的"小朋友"在谈话，而她说的每一个字都让我永远牢记，即使那是假装的．女儿说："苏西就在角落里，因为她表现的不好．她连一个字都不肯听我说，也不干她该做的事情．"我看到她的娃娃在角落里，浑身上下都穿着粉红色的衣服．很显然，她是被放在那里的，让她独自坐在那儿反思．当我在地板上坐下来的时候，女儿还在继续她的"谈话"．她说："我受够了，我不知道还能拿她怎么办？每当我工作时，她就开始哭闹，还想要玩游戏．她从来不让我去干我该干的事情．她想帮我刷碗，但她的手够不到，毛巾怎么叠也不知道．我没有时间去教她，我还有一大堆的事情要去处理，这么间大房子要去打扫．我没有时间去坐下来陪她玩﹣﹣你明白我的意思吗？"那天，我想了很多改变了我的生活的事情．当我听着女儿那些天真的话语时，我心如刀割．我没有给予我最爱的人足够的关注．不过现在，我的态度发生了转变，因为我从心里意识到…我透过亲爱的小女儿的眼睛，从另一个角度看到了这个世界．所以，就让蜘蛛网呆在墙角，让地板铺满灰尘吧，我再也不为这些琐事操心了．我要让房间里充满一个孩子和她母亲的回忆…因为我们每个人都只有一个童年，一旦失去就再也找不回了．【解答】59．答案：D．词义理解题．根据She said，"Surie's in the corner because she's not been very good．She didn't listen to a word I said or do the things she should．"In the corner I saw her baby doll all dressed in pink．It was obvious she'd been put there to sit alone and think．可知她是在和自己的玩具娃娃在说话，故选D．60．答案：C．推理判断题．根据And that day I thought a lot about making some changes in my life，as I listened to her innocent（天真的）words that cut me like a knife．I hadn't been paying enough attention to my most dear．可知小女孩的妈妈很后悔，没有更多的关注自己的女儿，故选C．61．答案：B．主旨大意题．根据I'm going to fill the house with memories of a child and her mother，for we have only one childhood，and we will never get another可知本文是要告诉我们妈妈要更多的关注自己的孩子，故选B．【点评】要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性．对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准．。
2020初中语文现代文阅读专题01 记叙文阅读之句子含义及表达效果(解析版)
专题01: 记叙文阅读之句子含义及表达效果考点分析一、主要考点：记叙文阅读中句子含义及表达效果一直以来都是各省中考卷的常考题，考试概率高达百分之70以上，虽然在全卷中占分不大，但在阅读题中分值占很大一份子且易拿分，所以这一专题是一个拿分大题。
二、2019年各省中考此类考题（※号是各省出现频率较多）：※1.理解文中某划线句含义。
※2.请简要分析选文某划线句的表达作用。
※3.结合上下文，从某角度分析下列句子表达效果？※4.请谈谈文中划线句的理解。
5.划线句在文中有什么作用？6.结合文章内容，赏析划线句子。
7.请品析文中某划线语句的妙处。
三、综合以上各省关于记叙文阅读句子含义及表达效果出现的考题，可以分为以下几类题型：（一）直接解含义题1.理解文中某划线句含义2.请谈谈文中划线句的理解（二）以描写手法或修辞手法入手赏析题：1.划线句在文中有什么作用？2.请简要分析选文某划线句的表达作用3.结合上下文，从某角度分析下列句子表达效果？4.结合文章内容，赏析划线句子5.请品析文中某划线语句的妙处常考形式一、直接解含义题：此种题属于句子含义及表达效果此专题的最直接的题型，一般题目简单明了，指明回答句子的含义，且在题目下方给出句子，便于分析答题。
【分析思路】1.先找句子中的重点词语，提取出来2.再看句子中是否有修辞手法、表现手法、描写手法……3.在文中找出此划线句4.结合句子所处位置，联系上下文，具体知道此句是写了什么，怎么样，蕴含的深层含义是什么。
5.整合答案。
【答题模板】由分析直接点明此句深层含义。
【真题分析】（2019年陕西省初中毕业学业考试原题）小铁锤张中杰“呯！”随着儿子猛烈的关上卧室门的骤响，你的心一个震颤，委屈的眼泪淌下来。
打小把唯一的儿子当块宝玉啊护，儿子却长了身营养过剩的懒膘，脾气暴躁。
青春期的儿子，始终与你如反贴门神——不对脸。
有一次儿子眼你顶嘴被弟弟看到，当舅舅的作势要将儿子往窗户外面扔，儿子脸吓得乌青才噤声，但次日好了伤疤忘了疼，依然如故。
2020中考语文专题训练：说明文阅读【含答案解析】
（一）阅读下面文章，完成后面的内容。
关于垃圾食品的阅读【垃圾食品】垃圾食品，一般情况下是指高热量食品，这些食品很容易使人发胖，而营养素却不足。
世界卫生组织公布的十大垃圾食品是：油炸类食品、腌制类食品、加工类肉食品、饼干类食品、汽水可乐类饮料、方便类食品、罐头类食品、话梅蜜饯果脯类食品、冷冻甜品类食品、烧烤类食品。
（摘自《百科知识》2013年3月）【解读误区】一提到“垃圾食品”，很多人会联想到汉堡、薯条、炸鸡、比萨、可乐，认为这些外来食品才是所谓的垃圾食品。
其实我们的传统小吃中也有不少垃圾食品，如葱油饼、油炸饼、油条、烧饼等。
这些东西都只含油脂与面粉，只提供热量，是地道的中国口味的垃圾食品。
事实上，垃圾食品还指那些提供超过人体需求，变成多余成分的食品。
如酱菜、罐头类食品，这些食品中的盐分常会造成过多的钠滞留体内，成为垃圾。
（引自互联网）【问卷调查】记者就饮食习惯问题对某班50名小学生进行调查，调查结果统计如下：（引自互联网）【两项研究】研究一：2005年，法国科学家公布了一项针对舌头的研究成果：人类舌尖部位的味蕾含有一种对脂肪特别敏感的蛋白质，这种蛋白质特别擅长“侦察”食物中的脂肪酸，并且迅速在体内把它囤积起来。
科学家曾从“进化论”角度解释这种现象。
史前人类物质匮乏，觅食艰难，他们整日奔忙却难以糊口，体力永远“入不敷出”，因此，他们最向往的就是糖和脂肪，因为只有高热量食品能让他们生存下来。
研究二：2011年，对象大多为欧洲白人的一项调查研究显示：具有一个FTO变异基因副本的人肥胖率较常人高出30%，具有两个变异基因副本者肥胖率较常人高出70%。
研究人员认为，此项研究清楚地显示，携带FTO基因片段变异的人群显示出某种特性，诱使其吃更多不健康的、容易致胖的食物。
需要强调的是，这是一种行为学特征，而不是一种疾病。
这对有“肥胖基因”的人来说是幸运的，因为他们或许还有机会，依靠行为控制来减低肥胖的概率，而不是只能任由基因摆布。
【个人整理】2020年中考语文名著导读-专题名家推荐
中考语文专项训练--名著导读专题1、名著阅读。
某位同学在阅读《骆驼祥子》的过程中做了文段批注和整本书的读书卡片，请仔细阅读，完成下列小题。
（1）下面是这位同学做的文段批注，有误的一项是（）原文：大概的说吧，他只要有一百块钱，就能弄一辆车。
猛然一想，一天要是能剩一角的话，一百元就是一千天，一千天！把一千天堆到一块，他几乎算不过来这该有多么远。
但是，他下了决心，一千天也好，一万天也好，他得买车！第一步他应当，他想好了，去拉包车。
遇上交际多，饭局多的主儿，平均一月有上十来个饭局，他就可以白落两三块的车饭钱。
加上他每月再省出个块儿八角的，也许是三头五块的，一年就能剩起五六十块！这样，他的希望就近便多多了。
他不吃烟，不喝酒，不赌钱，没有任何嗜好，没有家庭的累赘，只要他自己肯咬牙，事儿就没有个不成。
批注：A．“他”刚到城里不久，对生活充满梦想。
B．就算一千天、一万天，他也要坚持，买车的决心多么坚定！C．吝啬，贪婪，爱占小便宜！如此挖空心思省钱，攒钱。
D．突出了他对未来的信心，只要肯吃苦，就能买上新车！（2）下面是这位同学做的整本书的读书卡片，表述有误的一项是（）读书卡片作品：《骆驼祥子》作者：老舍，原名舒庆春，被誉为“人民艺术家”。
主要情节：A．祥子经过多年积攒，买上了一辆属于自己的新车，可是不久却被匪兵连人带车劫走。
B．祥子从匪兵处逃走，继续攒钱买车，车还没买上，钱又被孙侦探敲诈去了。
C．祥子与虎妞结婚后，用她的私房钱买下一辆车，虎妞因难产死去，祥子又只得卖掉车子料理丧事。
D．命运的三起三落打消了祥子买车的念头，他重新投奔刘四爷，老老实实赁车挣钱。
【答案】（1）C （2）D【解析】本题考查对名著《骆驼祥子》的阅读积累。
（1）“他就可以白落两三块的车饭钱。
加上他每月再省出个块儿八角的，也许是三头五块的，一年就能剩起五六十块！”祥子如此挖空心思省钱，是因为祥子内心充满希望，“他独坐在屋中的时候，他的眼发着亮光，去盘算怎样省钱，怎样买车。
【精心整理】2020年中考语文名著导读专题练习精品资料
中考语文专项训练--名著导读专题1、在内容的选择与表达上，下面哪一首小诗与冰心的《繁星•春水》中的作品更为接近？请结合你的阅读体验做出判断。
并简述理由。
（2分）A．母亲啊/您是繁茂的大树/我是归巢的鸟儿/暮色四合/我藏进您的心中B．母亲啊/您是繁茂的大树/树干上的条条斑痕/都是您辛劳岁月的见证【答案】A【解析】试题分析：《繁星•春水》的主题是童真、母爱、大自然。
B项中“条条斑痕”“辛劳岁月”不符合这一主题。
【考点定位】识记文化常识。
能力层级为识记A。
2、名著阅读。
（1）他献出了他拥有的一切，到了二十四岁，风华正茂之时，正当胜利的浪潮把他推上创造幸福生活的顶峰，他却被击中了。
他没有马上倒下，而是像一个魁伟的战士，咬紧牙关，追随着胜利进击的无产阶级的钢铁大军。
在耗尽全部精力以前，他没有离开过战斗的队伍。
现在他身体垮了，再也不能在前线坚持战斗。
唯一能做的事是进后方医院。
“他”是《__________》中的_________________（人物名）。
（2）a慌忙放起妇人来，便问：“我看你夫妻两个，也不是等闲的人，愿求姓名。
”那人便叫妇人穿了衣裳，快近前来，拜了都头。
a道：“却才冲撞，阿嫂休怪。
”那妇人便道：“有眼不识好人。
一时不是，望伯伯恕罪。
且请去里面坐地。
”a又问道：“你夫妻二位，高姓大名，如何知我姓名？”那人道：“小人姓张，名青，原是此间光明寺种菜园子。
”下列故事情节与文段中的“a”有关的一项是（）A．大闹野猪林 B．智取生辰纲 C．风雪山神庙 D．大闹飞云浦【答案】（1）钢铁是怎样炼成的保尔•柯察金（2）D【解析】此题考查学生对文学名著的阅读与识记能力。
解答文学名著题，必须建立在阅读原著的基础之上，不仅要“博闻强记”，还要对内容进行归纳整理。
要熟记其名称、作者、主要人物形象、精彩的故事情节、艺术特色等内容，并反复阅读书中的精彩片段，以形成自己的阅读体验。
（1）《钢铁是怎样炼成的》是苏联作家尼古拉•奥斯特洛夫斯基所著的一部长篇小说，于1933年写成。
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2020年中考阅读专题训练一①年轻人差不多都爱读诗。
拈几首有爱好的，譬如喝水，三下五除二，咕嘟几下，解渴了事，这是一种读法。
另有一些人，古代有欧阳修、苏东坡，近代有康有为、梁启超，当代有钞票钟书、程千帆等，他们年轻时读诗，〝灯下读诗兼品味，识来妙法与甘辛〞，譬如饮茶，慢斟细啜，品出味道，直欲舌夺精髓，这也是一种读法。
与前者相比，后者不但能知其妙，还能知其因此妙，因此，有些评论家将这两种读法分不称作观赏和鉴赏。
②识法，确实是知其方法。
以诗为例，例如杜甫的〝两个黄鹂鸣翠柳，一行白鹭上青天〞，观赏者的文章能够写出上千个字，讲意境如何优美，诗情如何动人，可能对读诗者会有一些启发，但要使读者真正读进这两句诗，还须教人以诗法。
假如一法不谈，读诗者读前是此等人，读后依旧此等人，就算白读了。
那个地点〝两个黄鹂〞是两个点，〝一行白鹭〞是一条线。
春日景色无奇不有、无物不美，杜甫不可能都写，他选择了两个点、一条线。
这确实是诗歌刨作中常见的用点线经营诗境空间的方法，叫〝点线经营法〞。
用此法假如能读出唐代王之涣的〝白日依山尽，黄河入海流〞中，〝白日〞如点由上落下，〝黄河〞如线自西往东，那简直就大彻大悟了。
③十四年前，我曾与几位女中学生讨论过唐代张祜的«宫词»。
诗曰〝故国三千里，深宫二十年。
一声«何满子»，双泪落君前。
〞当时，她们正在为这首诗是写宫女的哀怨，依旧作者对宫女的同情争吵不休，我发表了我的意见。
我认为，这么成功地写出宫女哀怨正是成功地表现作者对宫女的深切同情。
这首|小诗，能够让我们学习的东西专门多。
倒如〝故国三千里〞是写空间之远大，〝深宫二十年〞是写时刻之久长。
这是〝时空经营法〞。
一个宫女的浓重哀怨，不用多言，仅以一个空间一个时刻便表达出来了。
假如用其他方法来表达描摹，何能简约精妙如此?④读诗识法，虽非易事，但只要有好书或老师点拨，也不是一件困难的事。
第一，必须广泛阅读和深刻明白得诗歌名篇，有意识地多读多摸索。
其次，须识活法。
假设学一法便拘泥一法，学一句咬定一句，不能融会贯穿，终究难免东施效颦．．．．、泥里行舟之病。
宋代朱熹：〝读书之法，既先识得它不处一个皮壳，又须识得它里面骨髓方好。
〞这清晰地讲明了读诗与识法的关系。
1、细读第①②段，概括加点词〝观赏〞与〝鉴赏〞的含义。
观赏___________________________________________________________________________鉴赏___________________________________________________________________________2、〝东施效颦〞讲的是美女西施因病而皱着眉头，邻居丑女东施见了觉得专门美，就学西施也皱着眉头，结果显得更丑。
现在常用来比喻胡乱仿照，成效专门坏。
第④段中的〝东施效颦〞在本文的具体含义是什么?答：具体的含义为______________________________________________________________________。
3、〝白日依山尽，黄河入海流〞运用了诗歌创作中常见的〝点线经营法〞，以下诗句中运用此法的一项为哪一项………………………………………………………………………………( )A.海内存知己，天际假设比邻。
B.夜来风雨声，花落知多少。
C.大漠孤烟直．长河落日圆。
D.烽火连三月，家书抵万金。
4、全文的主旨句是什么?(用文中的句子作答)。
5、作者认为：〝假如一法不谈，读诗者读前是此等人，读后依旧此等人，就算白读了。
〞你是否赞同此观点?请简要讲明理由。
参考答案：1、观赏指读诗只凭爱好，领会意境和诗情的动人；鉴赏指读诗兼口味，〔不仅知其妙〕识得妙法〔还知其因此妙〕2、指读诗学一法便拘泥一法，可不能融会贯穿。
3、C4、读书之法。
既先识得它不处一个皮壳，又须识得它里面骨髓方好。
5、赞同，只有识法，才能深入明白得诗歌，得其情味和意蕴。
不赞同，开卷有益，诗歌是语言的精华，只要去读，应对有所收益。
〔理由点四分之三分数，言之成理即可〕常想一二①想起霍金，眼前就出现出这位杰出科学大师那永久深邃的目光和宁静的笑容。
世人推崇霍金，不仅仅因为他是聪慧的英雄，更因为他依旧一位人一辈子的斗士。
②有一次，在学术报告终止之际，一位年轻的女记者捷足跃上讲坛，面对这位已在轮椅上生活了三十余年的科学巨匠，深深景仰之余，又不无同情地咨询：〝〞③那个咨询题明显有些突兀和尖锐，报告厅内赶忙鸦雀无声，一片寂静。
④霍金的脸庞却依旧充满恬适的微笑，他用还能活动的手指，艰巨地叩击键盘，因此，随着合成器发出的标准伦敦音，宽大的投影屏上缓慢然而醒目地显示出如下一段文字：我的手指还能活动，我的大脑还能思维，我有终生追求的理想，有我爱和爱我的亲人和朋友；对了，我还有一颗感恩的心……⑤心灵的震颤之后，掌声雷动。
人们纷纷涌向台前，簇拥着这位专门的科学家，向他表示由衷的敬意。
⑥人们深受感动的，并不是他曾经的苦难，而是他直面苦难时的坚决、乐观和勇气。
人一辈子如花开花谢、潮涨潮落，有得便有失，有苦也有乐。
假如谁总自以为失去的太多，总受到那个意念的折磨，谁才是最不幸的人。
⑦由此，我不由地想起了〝常想一二〞这句人一辈子箴言。
⑧民国元老、闻名书法家于右任饱经沧桑沉浮，却一生淡泊，荣辱自安。
常有友人咨询及他高寿的养生之道，他总是指指客厅墙上高悬的那幅字画，笑而不言。
⑨那是一幅写意的莲花图，旁边是一幅对联。
上联：不思八九；下联：常想一二；横批：如意。
⑩常言道：人一辈子不如意事常八九。
倘假设心为物役、患得患失，就只会被悲观、失望窒息心智，人一辈子的路途注定是如负重登山，举步维艰了。
常想一二，确实是用心感恩，庆幸、珍爱人一辈子中那如意的十之一二，最终以那份豁达与坚忍去化解并超越苦难。
⑾常想一二。
因为境由心生——咨询题本身都不是咨询题，如何对待它才是最大的咨询题。
⑿常想一二。
如何讲，决定生命本质、塑造人一辈子境域的，不是八九，而是一二。
1、〝常想一二〞中的〝一二〞在霍金的眼里具体是指___________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________。
2、结合上下文，请你设想一下第②段中空缺处应填的内容，写在下面横线上。
__________________________________________________________________________________________。
3、作者所讲的〝常想一二〞在文中的具体含义是什么？___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。
4、在我国，像霍金那样面对苦难仍能保持积极心态的人专门多，事迹也专门感人。
请举出一例，从人物的经历、人一辈子态度等方面作简要的介绍。
参考答案：1、生命价值不同的人，历史和人民会做出公平合理的评判。
〔大意正确即可〕2、〝霍金先生，疾病已将你所永久固定在轮椅上，你不认为命无礼上你失去太多吗？〞或〝霍金先生，你躯体残疾到如此地步，你不觉得这一生有专门多遗憾吗？〞或〝霍金先生，你如此一直坐在轮椅上感到痛楚吗？〞〔意思对即可〕3、能够用第十段中〝用心感恩，庆幸、珍爱人一辈子中那如意的十之一二，最终以那份豁达与坚忍去化解并超越苦难〞一句回答，也能够用自己的话回答，意思对即可。
4、〔不设统一答案，意思对即可〕例如：张海迪尽管高位截瘫，仍能勇于面对，创作了«轮椅上的梦»等多部作品，奉献给读者，鼓舞一代青年成长。
诚实是一种可贵的品质①2002年6月，一家知名电视台的记者对世界闻名实验物理学家丁肇中先生进行专访。
记者咨询：〝我感受您每一个人一辈子时期都有明确的选择……一个人如何能够每一次选择都这么坚决和正确呢？〞丁肇中回答：〝我不明白。
可能比较侥幸吧！〞记者又追咨询：〝在那个地点面没有必定吗？〞丁肇中依旧回答：〝我不明白。
〞记者依旧不情愿：〝如何能让自己今天的选择，日后想起来不后悔？〞丁肇中依旧回答：〝我不明白。
因为我还没有后悔过，因此我确实不明白。
〞记者无奈：〝我发觉咱们谈话过程中，您讲的最多的一句话确实是‘我不明白’。
〞丁肇中这次作了确信回答：〝是！确实这是事实。
不明白的，我绝对不能讲明白。
〞②我相信，每一个听讲过那个故事的人，都会被丁肇中草药先生的诚实所打动。
在那个世界上，诚实是一束阳光，能照亮一个人的心灵；诚实是一座桥梁，能沟通人与人之间的情感；诚实是_________________________，能_________________________。
③诚实是一种可贵的品质，它的魅力在于不讲假话、大话，以诚待人，以心感人。
诚实不需要华丽的词藻来修饰，不需要甜言蜜语来遮挡，它是生命的原汁原味，它是天地之间的一种本真和自然。
④1986年，美国心理学家安德森曾做过一个耐人寻味的调查，他将550个描写人的形容词列成一张表，让大学生们从中选择自己最喜爱的品质和最厌恶的德行。
结果显示，评判最高的品质是〝真诚〞，最厌恶的确良德行是〝撒谎〞、〝虚伪〞、〝不老实〞。
⑤现在有些人，总是专门可怕不人讲自己不深刻，因此总是千方百计地假装自己、表演自己。
因此，人一辈子是个大舞台，我们差不多上表演者，然而，一位真正优秀的演员，不是仅仅依靠外表的华丽取悦观众，而是凭借内心世界的真诚、丰富来赢得更多的掌声。
正如我国闻名翻译家傅雷先生所讲：〝一个人只要真诚，总能打动人。
〞⑥诚实看起来是简单的，实际上是深刻的。
对人一辈子而言，诚实更是一个人一生中必须不断进修的课程。
1、给以下词语中加着重号的字注音。
①侥．〔〕幸②词藻．〔〕2、仿照文章第②段画线部分，将后面的句子补充完整并写在下面。
诚实是_________________________，能_________________________。
3、文章第⑤段运用了多种论证方法，请指出一种并简要分析它的作用。
.4、你如何样明白得〝诚实更是一个人一生中必须不断进修的课程〞这句话的含义？5、请你为文章补充一个事实论据。
参考答案：1、①jiǎo ②zǎo2、例如：诚实是一缕春风，吹散人们心头的阴霾〔逻辑关系合理〕。