研究生英语翻译答案

Chapter Two Comparison Between English & Chinese

Lexical Differences:

1 Word Meaning

1) absolutely equivalent meaning

Usu. Proper names; technical terms; names of objects

2) partly equivalent meaning

3) no equivalent meaning

Usu. Newly-appeared words; or those only existing in one culture

4) poly-meaning words

A) Usually children have no school on Saturdays.

B) This professor doesn’t belong to any school.

C) Both of his sons graduated from the law school.

D) At the beginning of every term we have a school meeting.

E) She attended a dancing school when she was five.

2 Collocation

To cut wheat 割麦子

To cut cake 切蛋糕

To cut finger-nails 剪（或修）指甲

To cut branches from a tree 砍掉树上的枝丫

To cut a stone into an image of Buddha 把石头雕刻成佛像

To cut a hole in a wall 在墙上挖一个洞

吃药to take medicine

吃后悔药to regret

吃香to be very popular

吃惊to be surprised

吃苦to bear hardships

吃透to have a thorough grasp

吃斋to be a vegetarian for religious reasons

吃馆子to dine out

吃鸭（零）蛋to get a zero in an exam or to score nothing in a game

吃一堑，长一智 a fall into the pit, a gain in your wit

3 Word order

Usu. the use of attributive and adverbial is different.

Classroom practice:

1. soft pillow ___________ soft music ___________

soft cushion ___________ soft wood ___________

soft money ___________ soft drink ___________

soft breeze ___________ soft light ___________

soft voice ___________ soft fire ___________

soft hat ___________ soft words ___________

soft answer ___________ soft goods ___________

soft heart ___________ soft water ___________

2 . regular reading ___________ regular flights ___________

regular job ___________ regular visitor ___________

regular speed ___________ regular gasoline ___________

regular verb ___________ regular army ___________ 3 . run into debt ___________ run for presidency ___________

run wild ___________ run a factory ___________ run the streets ___________ run a fever ___________ run to the extremes ___________ run to seed ___________

Chapter Three Lexical Translation

Section One Choice of word meaning

One with the help of word class

1. The net income of the peasants in the county averages 8458 Yuan this year.

2. Though an average student with average intelligence, his achievements surprised all of the students and teachers.

3. Tom’s school work is above the average.

4. 十年树木，百年树人。

5. 树大招风。

6. 年轻人应该树立远大的理想。

classroom practice:

1. And not only has won, but because it has won, has been in the right.

2. For that is what going to war means, it means saying that might is right.

3. She tried her best to right her husband from the charge of bribery.

4. All came right in the end.

5. Like charges repel; unlike charges attract.

6. Like knows like.

7. His wife likes her pet dog more than him.

8. Like father, like son.

9. He acts like he is the manager.

10. It will clear up very like.

Two with the help of context

1. It’s time to go aboard.

2. The local government is planning to develop that area.

3. At present, all the country are developing tourism.

4. Many girls developed the habit of eating between meals.