南京大学MTI真题及答案
2012年南京大学翻译硕士(MTI)汉语写作与百科知识真题试卷
2012年南京大学翻译硕士（MTI）汉语写作与百科知识真题试卷(总分：14.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、名词解释(总题数：1，分数：10.00)请简要解释以下段落中画线部分的知识点（分数：10.00）(1).经济学家厉以宁说，在国际金融危机的冲击下，别看广东受的影响最大，但实际上也在一定程度上加快了地区经济的转型。
现在“ 民工荒”越来越厉害，廉价劳动力的优势已经不大了。
珠三角的劳动密集型产业发展了将近30年，积累了一定的资本、技术、人才。
广州地区现在聚集了一大批高校和科研院所，人口素质也在逐步提升，完全可以发展金融业、服务业等高附加值的产业。
（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：国际金融危机：是指一国所发生的金融危机通过各种渠道传递到其他国家从而引起国际范围内金融危机爆发的一种经济现象。
国际金融危机的基本特征：金融领域所有的或大部分的金融指标的急剧恶化，以至于影响相关国家或地区乃至全世界经济的稳定与发展。
导致国际金融危机的原因有：经济过热导致生产过剩；贸易收支巨额逆差；外资的过度流入；缺乏弹性的汇率制度和不当的汇率水平；过早的金融开放等。
民工荒：是指民工短缺现象。
这种现象最早出现在南方的一些主要城市，在春节时期尤为明显。
民工荒既包括“普工荒”，也包括“技工荒”，但无论哪种类型，其所反映出“荒”的特征都可以概括为一种结构性短缺。
珠三角：此处指的是珠江三角洲地区，包括广州、深圳、佛山、东莞、中山、珠海、惠州、江门、肇庆共9个城市。
珠江三角洲是西江、北江和东江人海时冲击沉淀而成的一个三角洲。
珠江三角洲地区是我国改革开放的先行地区及重要的经济中心区域，在全国经济社会发展和改革开放大局中具有突出作用，现已成为世界知名的加工制造和出口基地，是世界产业转移的首选地区之一。
南京大学2011年翻译硕士考研真题及答案
南京大学2011年翻译硕士考研真题及答案历年真题是最权威的，最直接了解各专业考研的复习资料，考生要重视和挖掘其潜在价值，尤其是现在正是冲刺复习阶段，模拟题和真题大家都要多练多总结，下面分享南京大学2011年翻译硕士考研真题及答案，方便考生使用。
I. Phrase Translation1.WHO: World Health Organization世界卫生组织2.CBD: Central Business District中央商业区，中心商务区3.CPU: Central Processing Unit中央处理器4.IMF: 国际货币基金组织(International Monetary Fund)5.ISO: International Organization for Standardization 国际标准化组织6.OPEC: Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries石油输出国组织7.UNESCO: 联合国教科文组织(United Nations Educational，Scientific and Cultural Organization)8.Euromart: European Common Market欧洲共同市场9.Guiness Book of Record: 吉尼斯世界纪录10.negative population growth: 人口负增长11.the European Economic Community: 欧洲经济共同体12.World Intellectual Property Organization: 世界知识产权组织13,Global warming is believed to be the results of an enhanced greenhouse effect. 温室效应14. The English system of house buying depends initially upon a gentleman’s agreement between the buyer and the seller without any backing from the law. 君子协定15. The I-steel is frequently used in construction.工字形钢16.安居工程: Affordable Housing Project17.不可再生资源: non-renewable resources18.多党合作制: the system of multi-party cooperation19.工业园区industrial parks/zones20.绿色食品green food21.泡沫经济bubble economy22.人才流失brain drain23.售后服务after-sale service24.技术下乡spread technological knowledge to farmers25.可持续发展：sustainable development26.老字号time-honored brands;an old and famous shop or enterprise27.台湾回归祖国，完成统一大业是我们这一代人光荣的历史使命。
南京大学MTI真题与答案
南京大学2015年翻译硕士MTI真题与答案FIFAIOCWWWGNP网上交易平台中国国家旅游局Local area network知识产权转基因食品科学发展观2. 句子翻译-亚洲各国就像一盏盏明灯，只有串联并联起来，才能让亚洲的夜空才能灯火辉煌。
-中央政府号召各地方利用当地优势和特点开发出口型拳头产品。
-为了进一步发展开放型经济，上海出台了一系列措施吸引外资，建立企业，包括中外合资企业、中外合作企业和外商独资企业。
3.篇章翻译英到中The scientific interest of American history centered in national character and in the workings of a society destined to become best in which individuals were important chiefly as types. Although this kind of interest was different from that of European history it was at least as important to the world. Should history ever become a true science it must expect to establish its laws not from the complicated story of rival European nationalities but from the economical evolution of a great democracy. North America was the most favorable field on the globe for the spread of a society so large uniform and isolated as to answer the purposes of science. There a single homogeneous society could easily attain proportions of three or four hundred million persons under conditions of undisturbed growth. In Europe or Asia undisturbed social evolution had been unknown. Without disturbance evolution seemed to cease. Wherever disturbance occurred permanence was impossible. Every people in turn adapted itself to the law of necessity.科学上对于美国历史的兴趣集中于他的民族性（国民性格）和在社会工作上注定（肯定会）成为最好的在主要的注意个人的运转方式。
南京大学MTI英语翻译基础答案by东哥讲解
南京大学2010-2014 MTI英语翻译基础答案2010年I. Phrase Translation1.可持续性发展sustainable development2.安居工程affordable housing project3.特区政府Special Administrative Region; special district government4.全球变暖global warming5.个人所得税individual income tax6.知识产权intellectual property rights7.弱势群体disadvantaged groups; the disadvantaged8.应试教育exam-oriented education9.内需domestic demand10.通货膨胀inflation11.为促进祖国统一, 就要有适当的方法。
reunification12.搞改革,总难免要犯错误，这是历史经验证明了的。
historical experience13.海峡两岸的中国人民都是骨肉同胞。
Both sides of the Taiwan Straits14.我们要有一个农林牧副渔布局合理，全面发展，能够满足人民生活和工业发展的发达的农业。
Farming；Agriculture15.WTO World Trade Organization 世界贸易组织16.EU European Union欧盟17.IMF International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织18.APEC Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation 亚太经济合作组织19.UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific, Cultural Organization 联合国教科文组织N Cable News Network美国有线电视新闻网21.Pentagon 五角大楼（美国国防部）22.Globalization 全球化23.EL Nino 厄尔尼诺现象24.Apartheid 种族隔离制25.Although no longer slaves after the Civil War, American blacks took no significant art in the life of white America except as servants and laborers. 美国白人26. His grandmother was a gypsy woman once, but settled there when the boy’s mother was born. 吉普赛人27. Four days after liftoff on July 20, the Eagle landing craft fell to an altitude of ten miles, then fired its rocket to slow itself out of orbit and into descent. 发射，起飞; 登陆艇28. The 1967 UN document calls for the settlement of the ME conflict on the basis of Israeli withdrawal from the occupied territories and Arabs acknowledgement of Israel’s right to exist. 中东冲突II. Passage translationSection A Chinese to EnglishIn any other week, today would merely be Thursday and the gathering of all these people – the cooking and serving and cleaning – a chore. But today it doe sn’t feel that way. The host –perhaps it’s you – stands up and asks that we give thanks, and we do, each in our own way. And what we’re thankful for is simply this, the food, the shelter, the company and, above all, the sense of belonging.As holidays go, Thanksgiving is in some ways the most philosophical. Today we try not to take for granted the things we almost always take for granted. We try, if only in that brief pause before the eating begins, to see through the well-worn patterns of our lives to what lies behind them. In other words, we try to understand how very rich we are, whether we feel very rich or not. Today is one of the few times most Americans consciously set desire aside, if only because desire is incompatible with the gratitude – not to mention the abundance – that Thanksgiving summons.It’s tempting to think that one Thanksgiving is pretty much like another, except for differences in the guest list and the recipes. But it isn’t true. This is always a feast about where we are now. Thanksgi ving reflects the complexion of the year we’re in. Some years it feels buoyant, almost jubilant in nature. Other years it seems marked by a conspicuous humility uncommon in the calendar of American emotions.And this year? We will probably remember this Thanksgiving as a banquet of mixed emotions. This is, after all, a profoundly American holiday. The undertow of business as usual seems especially strong this year. The shadow of a war and misgivings over the future loom in the minds of many of us. Most years we enjoy the privacy of Thanksgiving, but this year, somehow, the holiday feels like part of a public effort to remember and reclaim for ourselves what it means to be American.That means giving thanks for some fundamental principles that should be honored every day of the year in the life of this nation – principles of generosity, tolerance and inclusion. This is a feast that no one should be turned away from. The abundance of the food piled on the table should signify that there is plenty for all, plenty to be shared. The welcome we feel makes sense only if we also extend it to others.叶子南译文：在一年中其他星期，今天也只不过是个普通的星期四，所有的人聚在一起做饭上菜，清洗杯盘，少不了麻烦一番。
2014年南京大学翻译硕士(MTI)汉语写作与百科知识真题试卷(题后含
2014年南京大学翻译硕士（MTI）汉语写作与百科知识真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 3. 名词解释5. 应用文写作7. 现代汉语写作名词解释请简要解释段落中画线部分的知识点1．稳定的就业环境是吸引留学人员回流的最主要内在原因。
中国与全球化研究中心的王辉耀分析，21世纪以来，相较于欧美地区的经济低迷，国内经济一直保持稳定增长态势。
这为海外人才提供了大量创业的机遇。
特别是2008年国际金融危机爆发以来，发达国家经济持续低迷，失业率上升，而中国采取一系列重大举措，有效应对各种风险冲击，保持了经济平稳较快发展。
中国庞大的市场给了“海归”们前所未有的机遇，催生了人才的新一轮回流潮。
2008年底，美国底特律受金融危机影响，大量裁减技术人员。
而远在大洋彼岸的中国，高速发展的汽车工业却一直深受人才短缺的困扰。
于是，一些企业纷纷瞄准时机，赴底特律招揽人才。
正确答案：全球化：是20世纪80年代以来在世界范围日益凸现的新现象，是当今时代的基本特征。
通常意义上的全球化是指全球联系不断增强，人类生活在全球规模的基础上发展及全球意识的崛起，国与国之间在政治、经济贸易上互相依存。
发达国家：是指经济发展水平较高、技术较为先进、生活水平较高的国家，又称作已发展国家、工业化国家、高经济开发国家。
发达国家大多具有较高的人均国内生产总值。
目前被联合国明文确认的发达国家只有美国、日本、德国、法国、英国、意大利、加拿大等44个国家和地区。
失业率：是指一定时期满足全部就业条件的就业人口中仍未有工作的劳动力数字，旨在衡量闲置的劳动产能，是反映一个国家或地区失业状况的主要指标。
“海归”：就是海外归来学者的简称，指的是在国外上大学，然后在国外工作一段时间后或直接回国就业的人。
底特律：美国密歇根州最大的城市，位于美国东北部，是加拿大温莎以北、底特律河沿岸的一座重要的港口城市、世界传统汽车中心和音乐之都。
2．有时候，研究政策的知识分子智商还比不上街头的普通人。
南京大学外国语学院《211翻译硕士英语》[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解
![南京大学外国语学院《211翻译硕士英语》[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/5055a4015e0e7cd184254b35eefdc8d376ee140a.png)
目 录2010年南京大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2011年南京大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2012年南京大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2013年南京大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2014年南京大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2010年南京大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解Part O e: Proof ReadingThe following sentences contain some errors. Copy and edit them on your answer sheet. (1.5×10) 1．An important information I got from her is our teacher’s new marriage.2．She had a lot of difficulty with the long vowel /ei/, so I taught her how to pronounce.3．The tutor asked the pupils: “How to write an essay on your mother?”4．The volleyball players of our department went through very tough training for a whole semester and finally win the championship of the university.5．I felt frustrated and wondered why my English wasn’t improved even after having watched many movies and read many books.6．The news of the H1N1 flu worried the headmaster, but another news was upbeat: so far, everyone in his school was healthy.7．All of us in the class would like to become a teacher in the future.8．In high school, we had to take many classes, Chinese, English, physics, chemistry, mathematics and history and so on.9．The students found it dissatisfied that their hard work was not rewarded or recognized. 10．The university attaches great importance to teacher’s research and publications.【答案与解析】1．An: The（information为不可数名词，因此将An改为The。
南京大学翻译硕士考研真题及答案
南京大学翻译硕士考研真题及答案
南京大学（回忆）
翻译硕士英语
一、改错：专八难度。
二、阅读：和南大基础英语题型一样，一篇巨长的文章，讲的是role-play在serious literature里的作用。
三、作文：是否应该推广the general education.
英语翻译基础
一、两篇：一个是讲工业革命的一个是讲中华传统文化的。
中间考的短语比较多，比如：己所不欲勿施于人、天下兴亡匹夫有责……
二、词汇翻译：
WHO世界卫生组织
CBD中央商务区(CBD center business district)
交易前付款(=cash before delivery)
IMF UNESCO
科技下乡bringing science and technology to the countryside
老字号an old and famous shop or enterprise
学分制credit system
I-STEEL工字型钢
汉语写作与百科知识
一、名词解释：
单位、华夏、国务院、打酱油、女娲、因特网、二战、冷战、苏联、赤字、欧元区……
二、应用文：自荐信。
三、大作文：什么是翻译工作者应该具备的基本素质。
15年南大翻译硕士初试专业课真题
15年南大翻译硕士初试专业课真题2015年南京大学外国语学院翻译硕士专业课真题回忆一为学弟学妹，二为纪念这一生难忘的经历，我来回忆南京大学2015年MTI专业课真题啦~~~首先是翻译硕士英语：一、语法题：大意：教师是最令人尊敬的几个职业之一，影响学生、家庭乃至整个社会。
老师与学生分享知识，培养他们独立思考的能力，这样一种有意义的职业每天激励着无数老师早早从床上爬起，blabla.....语法错误：涉及介词短语、名词单复数、谓语冗余、关联词....(其他不记得了)三、阅读题：Angela Chen的文章，叫Is artificial intelligence a threat?(我找到原文了，链接：/article/Is-Artificial-Intelligence-a/148763/，网站是the Chronicle of Higher Education，逼格好高...)，大意：机器人有可能会发展到超级智慧的程度，但因inhuman或者说缺乏common sense 而最终会给人类带来毁灭性的灾难，这已经引起了不少知识分子的注意，出现了一些研究这个问题的组织，并且得到了硅谷很多高科技企业的资金支持。
最后说到预防这种灾难的方法，要么是人类的给机器人的指令要特意模糊化，要么是让机器人越来越像人。
阅读理解：我只记得有一题是问作者对super intelligence的态度;词语匹配：不难，基本上读的时候标记的生词就是要找的那个;词义选择：只记得有问panel discussion、leap的意思。
第一道简答题：三问，字数要在150以内，一问superintelligence是什么，二问为什么superintelligence对人类是个威胁，三问文中提到哪些预防方法?第二道简答题：阅读材料：对前面文章的反驳，三四段，两三百单词，大意：一是应该防范现在破坏环境的stupid people，他们才会造成人类毁灭呢;二是superintelligence的机器人也许会super仁慈哦，会饶我们一命哦;三是也许人类只会短暂存在，像恐龙一样，等不到superintelligence出现咯。
南京大学英语专业考研真题
南京大学英语专业考研真题(2008-12-05 12:12:47)标签：杂谈南京大学英语专业考研真题Part A Vocabulary and Reading (50/150)Read the passage below and then complete the tasks that follow:Language and Cultural IdentityC. Kramschpara.1 It is widely believed that there is a natural connection between the language spoken by members of a social group and that group's identity. By their accent, their vocabulary, their discourse patterns, speakers identify themselves and are identified as members of this or that speech and discourse community. From this membership, they draw personal strength and pride, as well as a sense of social importance and historical continuity from using the same language as the group they belong to.para.2 But how to define which group one belongs to? In isolated, homogeneous communities like the Trobrianders studied by Malinowski, one may still define group membership according to common cultural practices and daily face-to-face interactions, but in modem, historically complex, open societies it is much more difficult to define the boundaries of any particular social group and the linguistic and cultural identities of its members.para.3 Take ethnicity for example. In their 1982 survey conducted among the highly mixed population of Belize (formerly British Honduras), Le Page and Tabouret-Keller found out that different people ascribed themselves to different ethnicities as either 'Spanish', 'Creole', 'Maya' or 'Belizean', according to which ethnic criterion they focused on — physical features (hair and skin), general appearance, genetic descent, provenance, or nationality. Rarely was language used as an ethnically defining criterion. Interestingly, it was only under the threat of a Guatemalan takeover as soon as British rule would cease, that the sense of a Belizean national identity slowly started emerging from among the multiple ethnic ascriptions that people still give themselves to this day.para.4 Group identity based on race would seem easier to define, and yet there are almost as many genetic differences, say, between members of the same White, or Black race as there are between the classically described human races, not to speak of the difficulty in some cases of ascertaining with 100 percent exactitude a person's racial lineage. For example, in 1983 the South African Government changed the racial classification of 690 people: two-thirds of these, who had been Coloreds, became Whites, 71 who had been Blacks became Coloreds, and 11 Whites were redistributed among other racial groups! And, of course, there is no necessary correlation between a given racial characteristic and the use of a given language or variety of languagepara.5 Regional identity is equally contestable. As reported in the London Times of February 1984, when a Soviet book, Populations of the World, claimed that the population of France consisted of 'French, Alsatians, Flemings, Bretons, Basques, Catalans, Corsicans, Jews, Armenians, Gypsies and "others'", Georges Marchais, the French Communist leader, violently disagreed: 'For us', he said, 'every man and woman of French nationality is French. France is not a multinational state: it is one nation, the product of a long history....'para.6 One would think that national identity is a clear-cut either/or affair (either you are or you are not a citizen), but it is one thing, for example, to have a Turkish passport, another thing to ascribe to yourself a Turkish national identity if you were born, raised and educated, say, in Germany, are native speaker of German, and happen to have Turkish parents.para.7 Despite the entrenched belief in the one language = one culture equation, individuals assume several collective identities that are likely not only to change over time in dialogue with others, but are liable to be in conflict with one another. For example, an immigrant's sense of self that was linked in his country of origin perhaps to his social class, his political views, or his economic status becomes, in the new country, overwhelmingly linked to his national citizenship or his religion, for this is the identity that is imposed on him by others, who see in him now, for example, only a Turk or a Muslim. His own sense of self, or cultural identity, changes accordingly. Out of nostalgia for the 'old country', he may tend to become more Turkish than the Turks and entertain what Benedict Anderson has called 'long distance nationalism'. The Turkish he speaks may become with the passion of years somewhat different from the Turkish spoken today in the streets of Ankara; the community he used to belong to is now more an 'imagined community' than the actual present-day Turkey.para. 8 The problem lies in equating the racial, ethnic, national identity imposed on an individual by the state's bureaucratic system, and that individual's self-ascription. Group identity is not a national fact, but a cultural perception, to use the metaphor with which we started this book. Our perception of someone's social identity is very much culturally determined. What we perceived about a person's culture and language is what we have been conditioned by our own culture to see, and the stereotypical models already built around our own. Group identity is a question of focusing and diffusion of ethnic, racial national concepts or stereotypes. Let us take an example,para. 9 Le Page and Tabouret-Keller recount the case of a man in Singapore who claimed that he would never have any difficulty in telling the difference between an Indian and a Chinese. But how would he instantly know that the dark-skinned non-Malay person he saw on the street was an Indian (and not, say a Pakistani), and that light-skinned non-European was a Chinese (and not, say, a Korean), unless he differentiated the two according to the official Singaporean 'ethnic' categories: Chinese, Malay, Indian, Others? In another context with different racial classifications he might have interpreted: differently the visual clues presented to him by people on the street. His impression was focused by the classificatory concepts prevalent in his society, a behavior that Benjamin Whorf would have predicted. In turn this focus may prompt him, by a phenomenon of diffusion, to identify all other 'Chinese' along the same ethnic categories, according to the stereotype 'All Chinese look alike to me'.para.10 It has to be noted that societies impose racial and ethnic categories only on certain groups: Whites do not generally identify themselves by the color of their skin, but by their provenance or nationality. They would find it ludicrous to draw their sense of cultural identity from their membership in the White race. Hence the rather startled reaction of two Danish women in the United States to a young African-American boy, who, overhearing their conversation in Danish, asked them 'What's your culture?' Seeing how perplexed they were, he explained with a smile 'See, I'm Black. That's my culture. What's yours?' Laughingly they answered that they spoke Danish and came from Denmark. Interestingly, the boy did not use language as a criterion of group identity, but the Danish did.para.11 European identities have traditionally been built much more around language and national citizenship, and around folk models of 'one nation = one language', than around ethnicity or race. But even in Europe, the matter is not so simple. For example, Alsatians who speak German, French and Germanic Piatt mayalternatively consider themselves as primarily Alsatians, or French, or German, depending on how they position themselves vis-à-vis the history of their region and their family biography. A youngster born and raised in France of Algerian parents may, even though he speaks only French, call himself Algerian in France, but when abroad he might prefer to be seen as French, depending on which group he wishes to be identified with at the time.para.12 Examples from other parts of the world show how complex thelanguage-cultural identity relationship really is. The Chinese, for example, identify themselves ethnically as Chinese even though they speak languages or dialects which are mutually unintelligible. Despite the fact that a large number of Chinese don't know how to read and write, it is the Chinese character-writing system and the art of calligraphy that are the major factors of an overall Chinese group identity.Task 1: For each of the following items, study the reading passage and choose A, B or C that best completes the statement (30/150):(1) In the sentence "By their accent, their vocabulary, their discourse patterns, speakers identify themselves and are identified as members of this or that speech and discourse community," the phrase "discourse community" means:A) communal group B) cultural group C) discourse group(2) When the author states: "[The modern, historically complex, open societies it is much more difficult to define the boundaries of any particular social group and the linguistic and cultural identities of its members," he implies that an open society is:A) a society of many peopleB) a society of diverse discoursesC) a society of multi-ethnic structure(3) "[T]he sense of a Belizean national identity" means a sense ofA) language B) belonging C) history(4) When the author declares that "there is no necessary correlation between a given racial characteristic and the use of a given language or variety of language," he thinks that the relationship between a language and a culture isA) complex B) fixed C) uncertain(5) Georges Marchais said, "every man and woman of French nationality is French. France is not a multinational state: it is one nation, the product of a long history...." He probably regarded "'French" asA) a historical symbol of a stateB) a primary token of a national identityC) a product of a long historyTask 2: The following are definitions of the words contained in the above reading passage. Find these words in the paragraphs as marked in the parentheses (20/150):略海天海天教育海天考研Part B Proofreading (30/150)EXAMPLEWhen ∧ museum wants a new exhibit, (1) __a__it never buys things in finished form and hangs them (2) _neveron the wall. When a natural history museumwants an exhibition, it must often build it. (3) exhibitPart C Translation (40/150)Translate the following passage into Chinese: (20/150)Folktales played a very important role in the social and cultural life of the Plains Indians. Farmers and nomadic hunters alike enjoyed gathering around the fire, especially on wintry nights, to hear the tales of the storyteller. The talents of a good storyteller and the novelty of the tale had the power to figuratively transport hard working Indians to another world.Even today, American Indians believe in the enormous power of the spoken word. As in the past, the imaginative storyteller, typically an old man or an old woman, builds up a reputation as a performer. They enhance their stories by adding gestures, voice changes and songs. He or she might occasionally adapt a particular tale to suit a specific cultural group or tribe. For example, there are usually many different versions of every good tale. Therefore, whenever a story is retold it is likely to be varied, but only within the limits of the tradition established for that particular tale. The storyteller is always mindful of his own, as well as the cultural background of the listener.Translate the following passage into English: (20/150)略Part D Writing (30/150)The following is excerpted from a letter that appeared in the Letter-to-the-Editor column of China Daily: (30/150)Editor:I just graduated from university with a BA in English, but looking back at my university education, I have to say that I have wasted four years of my life. When I entered the university four years ago, I had the highest English score in the city where I grew up. However, on a job interview a few days ago, the personnel manager of a joint venture company said my English was not good enough.It is my university that is to blame. I have never found my classes helpful; they often repeat what I learned in high school. What's more, the teachers often mispronounce words and use ungrammatical sentences or simply use Chinese throughout the class. Some of them often arrive in class unprepared. They have no interest in us or in teaching; they are probably only interested in making money and publishing their papers.In comparison, my high school teachers were committed They had been well trained and were very strict with us. They gave me more help than those university professors. Even today, if I write an English essay, most of the words and sentence patterns I use would be those I learned during my high school years.All in all, I do not think our government should fund a university undergraduate English program if most of the students are not satisfied. If it is a waste of time for us, it must be a waste of resources for our country.Zhu Fan, Nanjing海天海天教育海天考研This controversial letter has generated a lot of discussion in China Daily, and you would like to join the discussion, too. Complete the following tasks on your answer sheets:(1) (4 / 150) Suppose you are going to write a letter for the Letter-to-the-Editor column of China Daily to express your agreement or disagreement with Zhu Fan, and the letter is about 400 words long. In the introductory paragraph (the first paragraph), you will begin with a sentence that introduces the topic. Write down the sentence that begins this paragraph.(2) (5 /150) Write down the last sentence of the introductory paragraph, that is, the thesis statement that expresses your main idea.(3) (4 x 2/ 150) Suppose you have two body paragraphs that support the thesis statement. Write down the topic sentence for each of them. You may begin it with "First,..." or "Second,...."(4) (4 x 2/150) For each topic sentence you write in (3), give one concrete example that illustrates the point you make in the topic sentence. Each example should not exceed two sentences. (There will be a penalty for using more than two sentences for an example.)(5 / 150) Based on what you write down in (2), (3) and (4), write a conclusion paragraph that contains two or three sentences. (There will be a penalty for using more than three sentences.)Part A Vocabulary and Reading (50/150)Read the passage below and then complete the tasks that follow:Language and Cultural IdentityC. Kramschpara.1It is widely believed that there is a natural connection between the language spoken by members of a social group and that group's identity. By their accent, their vocabulary, their discourse patterns, speakers identify themselves and are identified as members of this or that speech and discourse community. From this membership, they draw personal strength and pride, as well as a sense of social importance and historical continuity from using the same language as the group they belong to.para.2 But how to define which group one belongs to? In isolated, homogeneous communities like the Trobrianders studied by Malinowski, one may still define group membership according to common cultural practices and daily face-to-face interactions, but in modem, historically complex, open societies it is much more difficult to define the boundaries of any particular social group and the linguistic and cultural identities of its members.para.3 Take ethnicity for example. In their 1982 survey conducted among the highly mixed population of Belize (formerly British Honduras), Le Page and Tabouret-Keller found out that different people ascribed themselves to different ethnicities as either 'Spanish', 'Creole', 'Maya' or 'Belizean', according to which ethnic criterion they focused on — physical features (hair and skin), general appearance, genetic descent, provenance, or nationality. Rarely was language used as an ethnically defining criterion. Interestingly, it was only under the threat of a Guatemalan takeover as soon as British rule would cease, that the sense of a Belizean national identity slowly started emerging from among the multiple ethnic ascriptions that people still give themselves to this day.para.4 Group identity based on race would seem easier to define, and yet there are almost as many genetic differences, say, between members of the same White, or Black race as there are between the classically described human races, not to speak of the difficulty in some cases of ascertaining with 100 percent exactitude a person's racial lineage. For example, in 1983 the South African Government changed the racial classification of 690 people: two-thirds of these, who had been Coloreds, became Whites, 71 who had been Blacks became Coloreds, and 11 Whites were redistributed among otherracial groups! And, of course, there is no necessary correlation between a given racial characteristic and the use of a given language or variety of languagepara.5Regional identity is equally contestable. As reported in the London Times of February 1984, when a Soviet book, Populations of the World, claimed that the population of France consisted of 'French, Alsatians, Flemings, Bretons, Basques, Catalans, Corsicans, Jews, Armenians, Gypsies and "others'", Georges Marchais, the French Communist leader, violently disagreed: 'For us', he said, 'every man and woman of French nationality is French. France is not a multinational state: it is one nation, the product of a long history....'para.6 One would think that national identity is a clear-cut either/or affair (either you are or you are not a citizen), but it is one thing, for example, to have a Turkish passport, another thing to ascribe to yourself a Turkish national identity if you were born, raised and educated, say, in Germany, are native speaker of German, and happen to have Turkish parents.para.7 Despite the entrenched belief in the one language = one culture equation, individuals assume several collective identities that are likely not only to change over time in dialogue with others, but are liable to be in conflict with one another. For example, an immigrant's sense of self that was linked in his country of origin perhaps to his social class, his political views, or his economic status becomes, in the new country, overwhelmingly linked to his national citizenship or his religion, for this is the identity that is imposed on him by others, who see in him now, for example, only a Turk or a Muslim. His own sense of self, or cultural identity, changes accordingly. Out of nostalgia for the 'old country', he may tend to become more Turkish than the Turks and entertain what Benedict Anderson has called 'long distance nationalism'. The Turkish he speaks may become with the passion of years somewhat different from the Turkish spoken today in the streets of Ankara; the community he used to belong to is now more an 'imagined community' than the actual present-day Turkey.para. 8 The problem lies in equating the racial, ethnic, national identity imposed on an individual by the state's bureaucratic system, and that individual'sself-ascription. Group identity is not a national fact, but a cultural perception, to use the metaphor with which we started this book. Our perception of someone's social identity is very much culturally determined. What we perceived about a person's culture and language is what we have been conditioned by our own culture to see, and the stereotypical models already built around our own. Group identity is a question of focusing and diffusion of ethnic, racial national concepts or stereotypes. Let us take an example,para. 9 Le Page and Tabouret-Keller recount the case of a man in Singapore who claimed that he would never have any difficulty in telling the difference between an Indian and a Chinese. But how would he instantly know that the dark-skinned non-Malay person he saw on the street was an Indian (and not, say a Pakistani), and that light-skinnednon-European was a Chinese (and not, say, a Korean), unless he differentiated the two according to the official Singaporean 'ethnic' categories: Chinese, Malay, Indian, Others? In another context with different racial classifications he might have interpreted: differently the visual clues presented to him by people on the street. His impression was focused by the classificatory concepts prevalent in his society, a behavior that Benjamin Whorf would have predicted. In turn this focus may prompt him, by a phenomenon of diffusion, to identify all other 'Chinese' along the same ethnic categories, according to the stereotype 'All Chinese look alike to me'.para.10 It has to be noted that societies impose racial and ethnic categories only on certain groups: Whites do not generally identify themselves by the color of their skin, but by their provenance or nationality. They would find it ludicrous to draw their sense of cultural identity from their membership in the White race. Hence the rather startled reaction of two Danish women in the United States to a young African-American boy, who, overhearing their conversation in Danish, asked them 'What's your culture?' Seeing how perplexed they were, he explained with a smile 'See, I'm Black. That's my culture. What's yours?' Laughingly they answered that they spoke Danish and came from Denmark. Interestingly, the boy did not use language as a criterion of group identity, but the Danish did.para.11 European identities have traditionally been built much more around language and national citizenship, and around folk models of 'one nation = one language', than around ethnicity or race. But even in Europe, the matter is not so simple. For example, Alsatians who speak German, French and Germanic Piatt may alternatively consider themselves as primarily Alsatians, or French, or German, depending on how they position themselves vis-à-vis the history of their region and their family biography. A youngster born and raised in France of Algerian parents may, even though he speaks only French, call himself Algerian in France, but when abroad he might prefer to be seen as French, depending on which group he wishes to be identified with at the time.para.12 Examples from other parts of the world show how complex the language-cultural identity relationship really is. The Chinese, for example, identify themselves ethnically as Chinese even though they speak languages or dialects which are mutually unintelligible. Despite the fact that a large number of Chinese don't know how to read and write, it is the Chinese character-writing system and the art of calligraphy that are the major factors of an overall Chinese group identity.Task 1: For each of the following items, study the reading passage and choose A, B or C that best completes the statement (30/150):(1)In the sentence "By their accent, their vocabulary, their discourse patterns, speakers identify themselves and are identified as members of this or that speech and discourse community," the phrase "discourse community" means:A) communal group B) cultural group C) discourse group(2)When the author states: "[The modern, historically complex, open societies it is much more difficult to define the boundaries of any particular social group and the linguistic and cultural identities of its members," he implies that an open society is:A)a society of many peopleB)a society of diverse discoursesC)a society of multi-ethnic structure(3)"[T]he sense of a Belizean national identity" means a sense ofA) languageB) belongingC) history(4)When the author declares that "there is no necessary correlation between a given racial characteristic and the use of a given language or variety of language," he thinks that the relationship between a language and a culture isA) complexB) fixedC) uncertain(5)Georges Marchais said, "every man and woman of French nationality is French. France is not a multinational state: it is one nation, the product of a long history...." He probably regarded "'French" asA)a historical symbol of a stateB)a primary token of a national identityC)a product of a long historyTask 2: The following are definitions of the words contained in the above reading passage. Find these words in the paragraphs as marked in the parentheses (20/150):略Part B Proofreading (30/150)EXAMPLEWhen ∧ museum wants a new exhibit,(1) __a__it never buys things in finished form and hangs them (2) _neveron the wall. When a natural history museumwants an exhibition, it must often build it.(3) exhibit.pb{}.pb textarea{font-size:14px; margin:10px; font-family:"宋体";background:#FFFFEE; color:#000066}.pb_t{line-height:30px; font-size:14px; color:#000; text-align:center;}/*分页*/.pagebox{overflow:hidden; zoom:1; font-size:12px;font-family:"宋体",sans-serif;}.pagebox span{float:left; margin-right:2px; overflow:hidden; text-align:center; background:#fff;}.pagebox span a{display:block; overflow:hidden; zoom:1; _float:left;}.pagebox span.pagebox_pre_nolink{border:1px#ddd solid; width:53px; height:21px; line-height:21px; text-align:center; color:#999; cursor:default;}.pagebox span.pagebox_pre{color:#3568b9; height:23px;}.pagebox span.pagebox_pre a,.pagebox span.pagebox_pre a:visited,.pagebox span.pagebox_next a,.pagebox span.pagebox_next a:visited{border:1px #9aafe5 solid; color:#3568b9;text-decoration:none; text-align:center; width:53px; cursor:pointer; height:21px; line-height:21px;}.pagebox span.pagebox_pre a:hover,.pagebox span.pagebox_prea:active,.pagebox span.pagebox_next a:hover,.pagebox span.pagebox_nexta:active{color:#363636; border:1px #2e6ab1 solid;}.pageboxspan.pagebox_num_nonce{padding:0 8px; height:23px; line-height:23px; color:#fff; cursor:default; background:#296cb3; font-weight:bold;}.pageboxspan.pagebox_num{color:#3568b9; height:23px;}.pagebox span.pagebox_num a,.pagebox span.pagebox_num a:visited{border:1px #9aafe5 solid; color:#3568b9;text-decoration:none; padding:0 8px; cursor:pointer; height:21px;line-height:21px;}.pagebox span.pagebox_num a:hover,.pagebox span.pagebox_numa:active{border:1px #2e6ab1 solid;color:#363636;}.pageboxspan.pagebox_num_ellipsis{color:#393733; width:22px; background:none;line-height:23px;}.pagebox span.pagebox_next_nolink{border:1px #ddd solid; width:53px; height:21px; line-height:21px; text-align:center; color:#999; cursor:default;}Part C Translation (40/150)Translate the following passage into Chinese: (20/150)Folktales played a very important role in the social and cultural life of the Plains Indians. Farmers and nomadic hunters alike enjoyed gathering around the fire, especially on wintry nights, to hear the tales of the storyteller. The talents of a good storyteller and the novelty of the tale had the power to figuratively transport hard working Indians to another world.Even today, American Indians believe in the enormous power of the spoken word. As in the past, the imaginative storyteller, typically an old man or an old woman, builds up a reputation as a performer. They enhance their stories by adding gestures, voice changes and songs. He or she might occasionally adapt a particular tale to suit a specific cultural group or tribe. For example, there are usually many different versions of every good tale. Therefore, whenever a story is retold it is likely to be varied, but only within the limits of the tradition established for that particular tale. The storyteller is always mindful of his own, as well as the cultural background of the listener.Translate the following passage into English: (20/150)略。
2014年南京大学翻译硕士(MTI)汉语写作与百科知识真题试卷
2014年南京大学翻译硕士（MTI）汉语写作与百科知识真题试卷(总分：14.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、名词解释(总题数：1，分数：10.00)请简要解释段落中画线部分的知识点（分数：10.00）(1).稳定的就业环境是吸引留学人员回流的最主要内在原因。
中国与全球化研究中心的王辉耀分析，21世纪以来，相较于欧美地区的经济低迷，国内经济一直保持稳定增长态势。
这为海外人才提供了大量创业的机遇。
特别是2008年国际金融危机爆发以来，发达国家经济持续低迷，失业率上升，而中国采取一系列重大举措，有效应对各种风险冲击，保持了经济平稳较快发展。
中国庞大的市场给了“ 海归”们前所未有的机遇，催生了人才的新一轮回流潮。
2008年底，美国底特律受金融危机影响，大量裁减技术人员。
而远在大洋彼岸的中国，高速发展的汽车工业却一直深受人才短缺的困扰。
于是，一些企业纷纷瞄准时机，赴底特律招揽人才。
（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：全球化：是20世纪80年代以来在世界范围日益凸现的新现象，是当今时代的基本特征。
通常意义上的全球化是指全球联系不断增强，人类生活在全球规模的基础上发展及全球意识的崛起，国与国之间在政治、经济贸易上互相依存。
发达国家：是指经济发展水平较高、技术较为先进、生活水平较高的国家，又称作已发展国家、工业化国家、高经济开发国家。
发达国家大多具有较高的人均国内生产总值。
目前被联合国明文确认的发达国家只有美国、日本、德国、法国、英国、意大利、加拿大等44个国家和地区。
失业率：是指一定时期满足全部就业条件的就业人口中仍未有工作的劳动力数字，旨在衡量闲置的劳动产能，是反映一个国家或地区失业状况的主要指标。
“海归”：就是海外归来学者的简称，指的是在国外上大学，然后在国外工作一段时间后或直接回国就业的人。
2021南京师范大学MTI真题+答案
2021南京师范大学MTI真题+答案211翻译硕士英语题型分值a. 单选20个，共20分。
偏语法词汇搭配，四选一，自我感觉专四难度b. 阅读3篇，共25分。
2篇选择10题，10分。
一篇简答5题占15分c. 作文两篇，共55分（15+40）。
15分类似雅思写作，谈自己喜欢的运动。
大作文谈private information leakage357英语翻译基础A. 词条30分:1.主旨演说：keynote speech2.尤金·奈达：Eugene Nida（动态对等理论：dynamic equivalence theory3.受贿并追责xx(数字忘了）：暂无4.日元：yen1.the Boxer Rebellion：义和团运动2.soliloquy：独白；自言自语3.différance：延异，异延（WASP: 盎格鲁撒克逊系的白人新教徒4.unicameral legislature:一院制立法机关B. 翻译英汉(60分），考的查尔斯兰姆的superannuated man IF peradventure, Reader, it has been thy lot towaste the golden years of thy life--thy shining youth--in the irksomeconfinement of an office; to have thy prison days prolonged through middle agedown to decrepitude and silver hairs, without hope of release or respite; tohave lived to forget that there are such things as holidays, or to rememberthem but as the prerogatives of childhood; then, and then only, will you beable to appreciate my deliverance.It is now six and thirty years since I took my seatat the desk in Mincing-lane. Melancholy was the transition at fourteen from theabundant play-time, and the frequently-intervening vacations of school days, tothe eight, nine, and sometimes ten hours’ a-day attendance at a counting-house.But time partially reconciles us to anything. I gradually becamecontent—doggedly contented, as wild animals in cages.（It is true I had my Sundays to myself; butSundays,admirable as the institution of them is for purposes of worship, are for thatvery reason the very worst adapted for days of unbending and recreation. Inparticular, there is a gloom for me attendant upon a city Sunday, a weight inthe air. I miss the cheerful cries of London, the music, and the ballad-singers- the buzz and stirring murmur of the streets. Those eternal bells depress me.Theclosed shops repel me. （汉英(60分）跟中外哲学宗教关系相关，大量中外国传统文化表达，如《三字经》四书每个名字，《圣经》，创世纪，柏拉图，亚里士多德等专有表达448汉语写作与百科知识A. 名解20个，60分:1、师夷长技以制夷：魏源在其著作《海国图志》中提出的著名主张，即学习西方资本主义各国在军事技术上的一套长处，从而抵抗侵略、克敌制胜，它是后来洋务运动甚至维新变法、辛亥革命等一切革新运动的先声。
2015年南京大学翻译硕士(MTI)汉语写作与百科知识真题试卷(题后含
2015年南京大学翻译硕士（MTI）汉语写作与百科知识真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 3. 名词解释5. 应用文写作7. 现代汉语写作名词解释1．经济发展的本质是技术的不断创新和产业的不断升级，发展中国家具有后发优势，可以引进、消化、吸收发达国家的技术，从而使技术创新、产业升级的风险和成本比发达国家低很多，经济增长速度可以数倍于发达国家。
从19世纪中叶到现在，发达国家的人均收入水平年均增长3％。
一个发展中国家如果善于利用后发优势，经济增长速度可以达到8％～10％。
可是从经验事实来看，从“二战”后到现在，全世界只有13个经济体从中等收入变成高收入。
绝大多数发展中国家长期陷在低收入或中等收入陷阱。
正确答案：(1)后发优势：又称次动优势、后动优势、先动劣势，是指后起国家在推动工业化方面的特殊有利条件，这一条件在先发国家是不存在的，是与其经济的相对落后性共生的，是来自落后本身的优势。
后发展是相对于先发展而言的，因而后发优势涉及的主要是时间纬度，至于国家之间在人口规模、资源禀赋、国土面积等方面的差别，则不属于后发优势范畴，而与传统的比较优势相关。
(2)产业升级：是指产业结构的改善和产业素质与效率的提高。
产业结构的改善表现为产业的协调发展和结构的提升；产业素质与效率的提高表现为生产要素的优化组合、技术水平和管理水平以及产品质量的提高。
产业升级关键是依靠技术进步。
(3)发达国家：又称已开发国家，是指一些拥有较高经济、科技、教育、社会福利和生活水平的国家，该类国家的经济主要由第三产业(服务业)和第四产业(信息产业)主导。
发达国家主要包括欧洲的绝大部分国家，北美洲的美国和加拿大，亚洲的日本、韩国，大洋洲的澳大利亚和新西兰等国。
(4)“二战”：即第二次世界大战，简称“二战”，亦可称世界反法西斯战争。
是指1939年9月1日至1945年9月2日，以德国、意大利、日本法西斯等轴心国为一方，以反法西斯同盟和全世界反法西斯力量为另一方进行的第二次全球规模的战争。
2010年南京师范大学翻译硕士MTI考研辅导班真题答案解析
2010年南京师范大学翻译硕士MTI考研辅导班真题答案解析各位考研的同学们，大家好！我是才思的一名学员，现在已经顺利的考上研究生，今天和大家分享一下这个专业的真题，方便大家准备考研，希望给大家一定的帮助。
基础英语·答案详解Part 1: Grammar and Vocabulary.0l. Although the pay is not good, people usually find social work rewarding in other way.句义：尽管社会服务的报酬不多，但是人们普遍认为它在其他方面有价值。
答案：D考点：词义辨析分析：A. payable 应付的，可付的B. respectful 有礼貌的，恭敬的C. interested 有趣的D. rewarding 值得做的，有益的02. He lost his temper when the policeman stopped him.句义：警察拦下他的时候，他发了脾气。
答案：A考点：固定搭配分析：A. temper Loose one’s temper: 发脾气，是固定搭配。
B. mood 情绪C. spirit 精神D. emotion 情感03. Last week I ran into an old friend of mine in the shopping mall.句义：上星期我在购物中心遇到一个老朋友。
答案：C考点：固定搭配分析：A. ran off 逃跑B. ran away with 携物潜逃C. ran into 碰到，偶遇D. ran over 碾过04. The movie “2012”has been blamed for causing panic around the world. 句义：人们指责电影《2012》在全世界引起了恐慌。
答案：D考点：词义辨析分析：A. charged 控告，指控B. awarded 奖励C. accused 指责，谴责；控告D. blamed 指责，责怪05. I hear you subscribe to China Daily. Which section are you particularly fond of?句义：我听说你订了《中国日报》，你最喜欢它哪一部分？答案：A考点：固定搭配分析：Subscribe to意思为订阅；be fond of 意为“喜欢……” A. to, ofB. in, ofC. to, offD. from, at06. These rare birds are captured illegally and exported for big profits.句义：在巨大利润的诱惑下，人们非法捕捉并出口这些稀有鸟类。
南京大学翻译硕士考研真题
育明教育【温馨提示】现在很多小机构虚假宣传，育明教育咨询部建议考生一定要实地考察，并一定要查看其营业执照，或者登录工商局网站查看企业信息。
目前，众多小机构经常会非常不负责任的给考生推荐北大、清华、北外等名校，希望广大考生在选择院校和专业的时候，一定要慎重、最好是咨询有丰富经验的考研咨询师！2014年金融硕士考研参考书及教材《百科知识考点精编与真题解析》，李国正主编，光明日版出版社，2013年出版（考试时间3小时，满分150分，全部写在答题纸上，答在试题页上无效）一百科知识：解释出现在下列短文中划线的名词。
共25个名词，50分。
1.北京人是用天然火，所谓的天然火不是人工取的火，而是打雷正好击中干燥的木头，点燃了火，又或者是火山爆发和森林火灾。
晚上轮流看火,他们是用灰来保存火种的。
2.《荷马史诗》是早期英雄时代的大幅全景，也是艺术上的绝妙之作，它以整个希腊及四周的汪洋大海为主要情节的背景，展现了自由主义的自由情景，并为日后希腊人的道德观念（进而为整个西方社会的道德观念），立下了典范。
3.初唐四杰是唐中后期很有才华的诗文作家，四人才名早享，在青少年时代就获得“四杰”的美誉。
4.在明清之际三大思想家中，王夫之的哲学思想丰富而深刻，代表了中国古代哲学发展的高峰。
他对前代哲人提出的问题几乎都进行了重新审视，或引申发挥，或批判匡正。
5.《老人与海》恰当地写出了生命的强度，告诉我们怎么去面对生、老、病、死，告诉我们心该有多宽，如海一般。
老人是孤独的，他是在理想的道路上前行的旅人，但他又是不孤独的，因为他的意志是那样的坚强。
6.美利坚国家诞生的历史及发展经历了从“五月花号公约”到“独立宣言”。
在我们的印象中，开始于1620年天路客登岸的美国历史，转眼就到了莱克星顿枪响，美国独立战争的号角吹起来了。
在美国作家纳撒尼尔·菲尔布里克《五月花号——关于勇气、社群和战争的故事》书中，一段鲜活的美国历史又被重新得到了深描。
南京大学MTI 2016年考研真题
南京大学MTI 2016年考研真题（回忆版）翻译硕士英语改错原文（来自BBC）For authors of self-help guides, no human problem is too great or too small. Want to become fitter, richer or happier in 2015? There are books for it – shelves upon shelves of them. Hoping for increased efficiency, decisiveness and creativity in the months ahead?There are titles for that too.As we knuckle down to our New Year’s resolutions, we’ll turn in droves to self-help books, hoping to find our own best selves in their pages. But a book needn’t hector orlecture to leave its imprint. The truth is that all good literature changes us, and a growingbody of research suggests you might do better browsing through fiction for support inbattling life’s challenges. Think of it less as self-help than ‘shelf help’.Reading has been proven to sharpen analytical thinking, enabling us to better discern patterns – a handy tool when it comes to the often baffling behaviour of ourselves and others. But fiction in particular can make you more socially able and empathetic. Last year,the Journal of Applied Social Psychology published a paper showing how reading Harry Potter made young people in the UK and Italy more positively disposed towards stigmatised minorities such as refugees. And in 2013, psychologists at the New School for Social Research found that literary fiction enhanced people’s ability to register and read others’ emotions.We think of novels as places in which to lose ourselves, but when we emerge, we takewith us inspiration from our favourite characters. A 2012 study by researchers at Ohio State University found that this process could actually change a reader’s behaviour. In one experiment, participants strongly identifying with a fictional character who overcame obstacles to vote proved significantly more likely to vote in a real election.阅读题原文Before Laszlo Polgár conceived his children, before he even met his wife, he knew he was going to raise geniuses. He’d started to write a book about it. He saw it moves ahead.By their first meeting, a dinner and walk around Budapest in 1965, Laszlo told Klara, his future bride, how his kids’ education would go. He had studied the lives of geniuses and divined a pattern: an adult singularly focused on the child’s success. He’d raise the kids outside school, with intense devotion to a subject, though he wasn’t sure what. "Every healthy child," as he liked to say, "is a potential genius." Genetics and talent would be no obstacle. And he’d do it with great love.Fifty years later in a leafy suburb of St. Louis, I met one of Laszlo’s daughters, Susan Polgár, the first woman ever to earn the title of chess grandmaster. For several years, Susan had led the chess team of Webster University — a small residential college with a large international and online footprint — to consecutive national titles. Their spring break had just begun, and for the next few days, in a brick-and-glass former religious library turned chess hall, the team would drill for a four-team tournament in New York City to defend the title. The students, sporting blue-and-yellow windbreakers and polos, huddled around a checked board of white and black, a queen, rook, and pawn stacked in a row. They had started with the King’s Indian Defense, a well-mapped terrain. Now they were in the midgame. Polgár sat to the side, behind a laptop synced to the game, algorithms whirring. What should be the next move? she asked. "Be active and concrete."Jocular debate broke out, accents betraying origins: Ukraine, Azerbaijan, Colombia, Brazil, Cuba, Vietnam, Hungary. "This is not human," one student said. "It looks magical," said another. Computers have long since outclassed humans in chess; they’re vital in training, but their recommended moves can seem quixotic. "No, it’s very human," Polgár assured them. The students, most of them grandmasters, grew quiet, searching the more than 100,000 positional situations they had ingrained over their lifetimes, exploring possible moves and the future problems they implied — moving down the decision tree. It’s the knot at the heart of chess: Each turn, you must move; when you move, a world of potential vanishes."Bishop G4?""Bishop G4," Polgár confirmed."That’s not a human move!""It’s a human move," she said. "It’s actually very pretty." The arrangement is close to a strategy she used before, against her sister. "I beat Judit on that."The students murmured. This demanded respect. Susan Polgár may be the first woman ever to earn the grandmaster title, but her younger sister is the best female chess player of all time.There are three Polgár sisters, Zsuzsa (Susan), Zsofia (Sofia), and Judit: all chess prodigies, raised by Laszlo and Klara in Budapest during the Cold War. Rearing them in modest conditions, where a walk to the stationery store was a great event, the Polgárs homeschooled their girls, defying a skeptical and chauvinist Communist system. They lived chess, often practicing for eight hours a day. By the end of the 1980s, the family had become a phenomenon: wealthy, stars in Hungary and, when they visited the United States,headline news.The girls were not an experiment in any proper form. Laszlo knew that. There was no control. But soon enough, their story outgrew their lives. They became prime examples in a psychological debate that has existed for a century: Does success depend more on the accidents of genetics or the decisions of upbringing? Nature or nurture? In its most recent form, that debate has revolved around the position, advanced by K. Anders Ericsson, a psychologist at Florida State University, that intense practice is the most dominant variable in success. The Polgárs would seem to suggest: Yes.You may have heard of Ericsson. His work was popularized by Malcolm Gladwell in his 2008 best seller,Outliers, which spawned the notion of 10,000 hours of practice, in particular, as a mythical threshold to success. It’s a cultural fixture. Turn on the radio and you’ll hear a musician talking about "getting his 10,000 hours" in. This popularization also caused abacklash — documented in David Epstein’s book The Sports Gene and elsewhere — of researchers arguing that genetics and other factors are as important as practice. It’s a value-laden struggle, with precious few facts. In a globalized world where returns concentrate to top performers, research showing the primacy of practice is a hopeful, democratic message. "The scientific formulation of the American dream," as one psychologist told me. The Polgárs embody that hope. Is it a false hope?"Truth is not going to be simple-minded when it comes to greatness," says Scott Barry Kaufman, a University of Pennsylvania psychologist who has tried to rework the terms of the debate. It’s a nuance many don’t want to hear. Everyone remembers the names of scientists who take a hard line on the nature-nurture debate; in academia, the spoils and the press go to those on the extremes. The Polgár story, in particular, seems to yield a clear lesson. "The world wants a simple story," Kaufman says, "and a story that you can apply to your own life." Susan, for one, is happy to play the exemplar. If her life is evidence of anything, it’s that "nurture is a lot more important than nature," she said in her office after practice. Magazine covers and prizes coated the walls, including a black-and-white photo of the sisters, in 1989, with George and Barbara Bush. She sees it with her students, she says. The best have both talent and fanatical practice habits. But if one student is lazier, talent can’t compensate — the one who practices more comes out ahead.Susan has never been accused of laziness. From St. Louis, she oversees a small chess empire: books,websites, and, of course, her chess team. Talking to the press, which she’s dealt with for nearly her entire life, she speaks like a canny politician — cautious, mulling the implications of what she might say. Webster recruited Susan and some of her students from Texas Tech University, where she had won two consecutive national titles. The move to Webster was controversial. Both are part of a community of small universities that have discovered that, by offering scholarships to chess players, many of them from abroad, they can raise the institution’s academic prestige for relatively little expense. None of the colleges had poached a coach before, let alone students.Equipped with celebrity and influence, Susan is an excellent recruiter. Many of her students are ranked higher than her; three have topped even Judit. Yet despite their great individual skill, the team members enjoy camaraderie. They visit the gym together. They’ve absorbed the Polgár way."Life and chess, they are similar in some points," Andre Diamant, a Brazilian graduate student and the team’s longest-tenured player, said during a break from practice. "Chess players know they need to study. They need to work. They need to improve. And they do that. In life, they have this same thing."You’re probably nodding your head. Few would dismiss the value of hard work. But if there’s a snag to the Polgár method of success, it might arise from a simple question: Susan and her sisters had similar childhoods. So why was Judit so much better?作文If you were to choose a compulsory course to the students of university in China, what course you will choose? Why ?翻译硕士英语翻译基础短语翻译（十个英译汉十个汉译英，三个句子）CPU, OPEC, UNESCO, IMF, YOG Euromart, Guinness book of records,world intellectual property organization, Celeblog, I-steel海选，对口支援，可持续发展，绿色食品，国家资产安全，战略伙伴关系，打假，真人秀，货到付款，短语基本是往年的词汇，比较简单，注意往年的真题就行了，句子三个不难，我也记不清了英译汉Ever since 1973,the energy policy pendulum has swung with depressing regularity from crisis to glut and back again . A steady resting point somewhere between has not been reached. That would be a point at which transient fluctuations in oil prices were not jarring, and at which U.S. policy would accept the reality of a permanent shift from $3-a-barrel oil to $30-a-barrel oil.Now we are in the glut phase. Producers are being forced to drop prices sharply. And once again we hear that the energy crisis is over. It is not. Economic recovery alone would soak up much of the excess in the oil market . Another war or revolution in the Gulf —— which any prudent person must consider possible —— could send the oil-importing nations back into crisis.In the United States, imports have dropped by half in the past couple of years. Domestic production is up, and consumption is down. The administration uses this improvement to buttress its case for dissolving the Energy Department . But the appearance of less vulnerability to supply interruptions is deceptive and dangerous.Some important changes in U.S. energy use have occurred. The price of oil has been decontrolled, the strategic petroleum reserve is finally being filled ,industry is using energy much more efficiently and the gas guzzler is an endangered species. But the price of natural gas is still artificially low, consumers still have no reliable source of help for reducing energy use in their homes, mass transit compared with that of other advanced nations is terrible, and the lack of a substantial gasoline tax keep that unchanged.Nevertheless, the Reagan administration argues that higher energy prices have led to energy conservation and that there is therefore no reason for further federal support of research and other conservation programs. But the real issue is how much of what would be economically beneficial is not happening, and will not happen, under current policies. Do most types of energy use---technologies for supply and distribution, consumer information, manufacturing processes and the rest ——reflect the reality of expensive energy or the history of cheap energy 10 ? The answer varies by sector. Large businesses with access to expertise and capital have adjusted well. Most other sectors have not . In residential and commercial buildings, which consume a quarter of all the energy used in America, only a tiny fraction of the economically desirable savings is being captured.In short, a good beginning has been made, but it is only a beginning. To abandon conservation programs and dismantle research efforts now is to save small amounts of federaldollars at a very large longer-range cost to the economy. And hopeful talk about the end of the energy crisis ignores the painful lessons of the past decade.汉译英（温家宝在联合国教科文组织全民教育会议上的致词）中国的先贤说过：“一年之计，莫如树谷；十年之计，莫如树木；终身之计，莫如树人。
忆往昔当年南京大学MTI真题回忆版
忆往昔当年南京大学MTI真题回忆版翻译硕士英语：一拿到卷子我就傻眼了，今年竟然变了题型!改错觉得好难，我都找不出错误。
加了一篇阅读理解，虽然篇幅变小了，但难度是大大的增加了啊!第一篇题目是Why teach English，讲的是在当代English Major或者说humanities的必要性。
题目依旧先是5道选择题，不过今年只有ABCD四个选项，但是…难度加大了!!!以前都是很简单的细节题，在文章中很容易就能找到答案，这次全都是理解文章的题目，关键是文章读不懂啊!5个题目我没有一个确定的，好悲催……然后是5个在文章中找近义词的题，还有5个词义辨析题，最后是80字的问答题。
第二篇题目是Why read literary，是反驳前一篇文章观点的，根本没读懂他到底在反驳什么，只有一个题目，80字对反驳观点的列举还有你支持哪个观点(你的意见是另一个问题，不包括80字内)。
作文是写的是Mass Open Online Courses(MOOCs)，有人觉得是对传统教育的威胁，有人认为是补充，你的观点500字。
英语翻译基础：新增：Masscult、无人售票、打假、反腐倡廉、重考：YOG、UNSECO、ISO、OPEC、Euromart、The European Economic Community、CBD、negative population growth、World Intellectual Property Organization、I-steel、工业园区、绿色食品、泡沫经济、和平过渡，市场准入、网民、脱口秀、战略伙伴关系今年增加的新题型是4个从商务合同中摘出来的句子翻译，因为之前4年题型一直没变过，所以根本没有准备过商务方面的翻译，这部分我感觉做得很差……句子不很很难理解，但是翻译起来很绕，反正就是感觉当了小白鼠，为什么偏偏要在我考的今年变化!英译汉：因为加了新题型，所以英译汉的篇章比以往短很多，而且也不是很难。
南大 汉语言文学 硕士复试 英语题目
南大汉语言文学硕士复试英语题目全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1English Test? That Sounds Tough!Wow, an English test for the master's program at Nanjing University in Chinese language and literature? That seems kind of weird to me. I mean, I get that English is a really important language to know these days. My teachers are always going on about how learning English will open up so many opportunities for me in the future. But for a Chinese major? I would have thought the test would be all about classical Chinese literature and stuff.My older sister is actually applying to that program this year. She's been studying her butt off, reading all of these really old and boring books. I try to tease her about it, but she just sticks her tongue out at me. I guess I'll have to be nicer after she aces that English test!I can't even imagine what kinds of questions they would ask on a test like that. Maybe they'll have a reading passage about Confucius or some ancient poet, but then all the questions willbe in English. That would be so confusing! Like, what if they ask "In line 28, what metaphor is the author using for the embrace of nature?" But the line is in classical Chinese? How are you supposed to analyze that in English? My brain hurts just thinking about it.Or maybe the test will be less literature focused and more about English vocabulary and grammar related to the field of Chinese studies. So lots of words like "etymology" and "philology" and "dialectology." I don't even know what half of those mean! My sister has all these huge vocabulary flashcard stacks. She makes me quiz her sometimes, and I just stare back blankly when she reads words like "diachronic" and "diglossia." Uhh...good luck with those, sis.Then there's the writing section to worry about. What if they make her write a whole paper in English analyzing some aspect of Chinese literature or linguistics? She'll be furiously scratching away in English about the historical development of tonal systems or the evolving use of zhi ci in Tang dynasty poetry. Her hand would probably cramp up after an hour of that!I guess I can see why they would want Chinese literature students to be good at academic English though. If you want to be a researcher or professor in that field, you'll probably need toread and write a ton of scholarly papers and books in English. The test is just preparing them for that reality. It still seems kind of cruel though!Part of me wonders if this intense English requirement is just to weed out some of the candidates and make the application process even harder. Like, for a lot of Chinese students, English is probably their worst subject. So an English-heavy test means only the very best students will make it through. My sister is a stellar student, but she has admitted to me that she's afraid the English test could trip her up. I'm trying to keep her spirits up though! I tell her I have complete faith that her English skills are good enough to slay that test.In fact, I should probably start preparing myself mentally for these kinds of intense English exams. I'm only in elementary school, but I know I'll have to start getting serious about English sooner rather than later. Who knows, maybe I'll end up following in my sister's footsteps and become a Chinese literature master too! Though I'm really hoping that by the time I apply to graduate programs, they'll have done away with those crazy English tests for Chinese majors. A kid can dream, right?Well, I should get going. I have the rest of my English homework to finish up, and my mom will start nagging me if Ileave it for too late at night. I just want to say one more time: good luck on that test, sis! Your English is rockstar level. You're going to show that test who's boss! Just imagine how victoriously you'll be able to stick your tongue out at me after you pass it with flying colors!篇2当然可以！以下是一篇符合要求的文章。
南京大学翻译硕士英语学位MTI考试真题2013年
南京大学翻译硕士英语学位MTI考试真题2013年(总分：150.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Ⅰ(总题数：30，分数：30.00)1.WHO（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：世界卫生组织(World Health Organization)2.CBD（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：中央商务区(Central Business District)3.YOG（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：青奥会(Youth Olympic Games)4.IMF（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：国际货币基金组织(International Monetary Fund)5.ISO（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：国际标准化组织(International Standard Organization)6.OPEC（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：石油输出国组织(Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries)7.UNESCO（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：联合国教科文组织(United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) 8.Euromart（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：欧洲共同市场(European Common Market)9.Guiness Book of Record（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：吉尼斯世界纪录10.negative population growth（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：人口负增长11.the European Economic Community（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：欧洲经济共同体12.World Intellectual Property Organization（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：世界知识产权组织13.greenhouse effect（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：温室效应14.gentleman"s agreement（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：君子协定15.I-steel（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：工字钢；工字型钢16.和平过渡（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：peaceful transition17.市场准入（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：market access18.网民（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：netizen19.工业园区（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：industrial park20.绿色食品（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：green food21.泡沫经济（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：bubble economy22.脱口秀（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：talk show23.售后服务（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：after-sales service24.技术下乡（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：spread technological knowledge to farmers25.海峡两岸关系协会（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits26.老字号（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：a time-honored brand；an old and famous shop or enterprise27.战略伙伴关系（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：strategic partnership28.留守儿童（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：left-behind children；stay-at-home children29.政府职能转变（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：the transformation of government functions30.第三产业（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：tertiary industry二、Ⅱ(总题数：2，分数：120.00)31.The collapse of belief we have been witnessing throughout the twentieth century comes with globalism The postmodern condition is not an artistic movement or a cultural fad or an intellectual theory—although it produces all of those and is in some ways defined by them. It is what inevitably happens as people everywhere begin to see that there are many beliefs, many kinds of belief, many ways of believing. Postmodernism is globalism; it is the half-discovered shape of the one unity that transcends all our differences. In a global—and globalizing-era, all of the old structures of political reality, all the old ways of saying who we are and what we are for and what we areagainst, seem to be melting away into air. How to have an identity in such a world? Nationalism becomes semi-obsolete before it even completes its conquest; national governments everywhere are challenged from front and rear, past and future. They are forced to do battle against threats to their fragile sovereignties that are posed by international organizations and movements and economic forces. The weaker national sovereignty as an absolute principle, the less secure we are in defining ourselves according to national citizenship. (approximately 211 words)（分数：60.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：纵观20世纪，全球化方兴未艾，人们的信仰便土崩瓦解。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
XX大学2015年翻译硕士MTI真题与答案FIFAIOCGNP网上交易平台中国国家旅游局Local area network知识产权转基因食品科学发展观2. 句子翻译-亚洲各国就像一盏盏明灯，只有串联并联起来，才能让亚洲的夜空才能灯火辉煌。
-中央政府号召各地方利用当地优势和特点开发出口型拳头产品。
-为了进一步发展开放型经济，XX出台了一系列措施吸引外资，建立企业，包括中外合资企业、中外合作企业和外商独资企业。
3.篇章翻译英到中The scientific interest of American history centered in national character and in the workings of a society destined to bee best in which individuals were important chiefly as types. Although this kind of interest was different from that of European history it was at least as important to the world. Should history ever bee a true science it must expect to establish its laws not from the plicated story of rival European nationalities but from the economical evolution of a great democracy. North America was the most favorable field on the globe for the spread of a society so large uniform and isolated as to answer the purposes of science. There a single homogeneous society could easily attain proportions of three or four hundred million persons under conditions of undisturbed growth. In Europe or Asia undisturbed social evolution had been unknown. Without disturbance evolution seemed to cease. Wherever disturbance occurred permanence was impossible. Every people in turn adapted itself to the law of necessity.科学上对于美国历史的兴趣集中于他的民族性（国民性格）和在社会工作上注定（肯定会）成为最好的在主要的注意个人的运转方式。
尽管这种兴趣和对欧洲历史的兴趣不同，它至少对于世界来说是同样重要的。
（如果）历史将要成为一门真正的科学，它必须期待建立起它的法律（规章），（这些法律规章）不是来自（竞争者）欧洲民族的故事，而是来自一个伟大的XX（国家）的经济发展。
北美是全球一个良好地是以社会发展的地方，拥有大统一和适合科学研究的需要（目的）。
一个相同性质（同种）的社会，在不受干扰的条件下，可以容易地达到三、四亿人口。
在欧洲或亚洲，不受干扰的社会演化是没有的（未知的）。
没有了干扰，演变（进展）似乎就停止了。
无论哪里出现干扰，那么那里的永久就不会存在。
所有人都要适应这条必要的法律（规章）。
中到英XX坐落在中国南端的一个弹丸小岛上。
在日趋全球化的经济中，XX正起着一个非常重要的角色。
由于XX的战略位置，面向国际的商业氛围，和优越的通讯条件，使她成为世界贸易的活动中心和亚太地区的神经中枢。
XX已和世界上170个国家和地区的公司有商业往来。
与亚洲其他国家和地区的贸易大幅度增长。
XX 的集装港口是世界上最繁忙的，而且还在进一步扩建。
虽然XX开始成为世界金融中心还是最近二十年的事，但现在海外贷款已占到XX银行提供的总贷款的一半以上。
当这颗东方明珠重新回到中国的堂上时，中国人民眼中的XX未来比过去任何时候都更加光明灿烂。
参考译文Hong Kong a tiny island perched on the tip of Southern China plays a pivotal role in an increasingly globalized economy.3) Given its strategic location internationally oriented business culture and excellent munications it has bee a crossroad of world trade and the nerve center of the Asia—Pacificregion.4) mercial links reach out to corporations in over 170 countries andregions.5) Its trade with the rest of Asia has increased substantially.6) Its container port is now the busiest and is undergoing further expansion.7)Although Hong Kong’s emergence as a world financial center came in recent 20 years offshore loans account for more than half of the total loan provided byits banks.8) As the “Pearl of the Orient”returns once again to China’s palm its people see her future as brighter than ever.XX大学2014年翻译硕士MTI真题与答案I. Phrase TranslationNATO:北大西洋公约组织(North Atlantic Treaty Organization)UNESCO:联合国教科文组织(United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization)European economic munity:欧洲经济共同体Euromart:欧洲共同市场(European mon Market)YOG:青奥会(Youth Olympic Games)Greenhouse effect:温室效应World Intellectual Property Organization: 世界知识产权组织OPEC:石油输出国组织(Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries)IMF:国际货币基金组织(International Monetary Fund)ISO:国际标准化组织(International Standard Organization)negative population growth:人口负增长Masscult：大众文化，通俗文化I-steel：工字钢CBD：中央商务区(Central Business District)；交货前付款(cash before delivery) 无人售票：self-service ticketing西部大开发：Go-West Campaign；China Western Development黑客：hacker货到付款：cash on delivery打假：anti-fraud campaign；crack down on counterfeit goods反腐倡廉：bat corruption and build a clean government工业园区：industrial park泡沫经济：bubble economy素质教育：quality-oriented education ; education for all-round development脱口秀：talk show人才流失：brain drain绿色食品：green food和平过渡:peaceful transition市场准入:market access网民:netizen脱口秀:talk show战略伙伴关系:strategic partnershipII. Sentence translation（一共四句话来自商业合同，有买卖方的还有付款的以及各种税收的）III. Passage translationSection A Chinese to EnglishEvery successful business is built on superior senses —of timing, opportunity, responsibility, and, not infrequently, humor. None, however, is more critical than the ability to sense the market. A senior executive’s instinctive capacity to empathize with and gain insights from customers is the single most important skill he or she can use to direct technologies, product and service offerings, munications programs, indeed, all elements of a pany’s strategic posture. Bill Gates, Akio Morita, Sam Walton, and others brought this ability to the enterprises they founded. Without it, their ventures might have been short-lived or at least far less successful.Paying attention to the customer is certainly not a new idea. But many top-level managers, particularly those at industrial panies, consider customer contact the bailiwick of sales and marketing staff. And even if they do believe that market focus is a priority, most retain only limited contact with consumers as their organizations grow, relying instead on subordinates’reports—second-or third-hand information—to define and sense the market for them.（149词）参考译文：每一个成功的工商企业都是建立在一些卓越的意识之上的，即懂得审时度势，抓住机遇，承担责任，并不乏幽默感。