冠词的常见用法归纳

冠词的常见用法归纳(总6页)

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冠词(教师版)

一、冠词概述

冠词是虚词,它不能单独使用.只能附在一个名词上说明这个名词.冠词分为不定冠a(an)词和定冠词the.不定冠词一般表示泛指;定冠词一般表示特指.

二、不定冠词a(an)的用法

A. 不定冠词a(an)用于单数可数名词前.a用于辅音字母开始的词前;an用于元音字母开始的词前.如:a girl an English book

B. 不定冠词用来表示类别,指某一类人或某一类事物中的一个(泛指).如:

His father is a doctor. He works in a middle school in Beijing.

C. 不定冠词用于单数可数名词前,可以表示其全类(泛指).如:

An English teacher teaches the students how to learn English.

三、定冠词the的用法

① 表示上文提到过的人或事物.

如:He bought an English-Chinese dictionary this morning. The dictionary is very good.

② 用于单数可数名词前,表示整体或类别.

如:The panda is a rare animal.

此句等于:A panda is a rare animal. = Pandas are rare animals.

③ 用来表示世界上独一无二的事物.

如:the sun, the moon, the sky, the earth, the world

④ 用于表示阶级,党派的名词前.

如:the Chinese Communist Party , the working class the proletariat 无产阶级

⑤ 常用于含有普通名词或形容词的专有名词前.

A. 用于许多江海,山脉,群岛等名词前:

The Yellow River The East Sea the Himalayas the Pacific Ocean

B. 用于由普通名词构成的国名:

The People's Republic of China the United States

C. 用于机关,团体,朝代,时代,报刊杂志等名词前:

the United Nations the State Council the Tang dynasty the People's Daily

the Summer Palace the Peace Hotel the British Museum

⑥ 用于表示方位的名词前.

如:the east the southwest the middle the Far East on the left

⑦ 用于乐器名词前,但汉语拼音的乐器前不用冠词.

如:play the piano play the violin play erhu

⑧ 用于复数的姓氏前,表示"两夫妇"或"全家",在此情况下,这类名词作复数对待. 如:When we got there, the Lius were waiting for us.

The Smiths watch TV every day.

⑨ 用于某些形容词或过去分词前,表示一类人或事物.

如:the poor the rich the living the young

the wounded the oppressed the beautiful

⑩ 用在形容词的最高级前或序数词前.

如:Shanghai is the biggest city in china.

After the game, the first thing they wanted to do was to take a hot bath.

四、零冠词用法

① 表示某一类人或事物的复数名词前,不用冠词.

Now people are living a happy life. Trees are planted everywhere.

② 不含普通名词的专有名词,表示泛指的物质名词和抽象名词前,不用冠词. We are studying English. He is leaving for America this year.

It is pleasant to walk in soft snow. Love is always stronger than hatred.

③ 名词前有指示代词,物主代词,不定代词或名词所有格修饰,不用冠词. I

like this picture better. Is that your book

Take their chairs away! I do not have any money on me.

As time went on, Einstein's theory proved to be correct.

④ 季节,月份,星期等名词前,一般不用冠词.

She likes spring while I like summer. We have no classes on Saturday. The Long March started in October 1934.

⑤ 表示只有一人担任的职务,头衔的名词前,不用冠词.

We have elected him our monitor.

⑥ 三餐饭的名词前,一般不用冠词.

When do you have lunch After supper we usually take a walk.

⑦ 节假日等名词前,不用冠词.

Children all wear their best clothes on National Day.

People give gifts to each other on Christmas Day.

注意:在eve后有of短语则要加定冠词:

on the eve of National Day on the eve of New Year's Day

⑧ 球类和棋类运动的名词前,不用冠词.

play basketball play chess

⑨ 作表语用表示程度的形容词最高级前,不用冠词.

第2/3页Your help was most timely. This method is most effective.

注意:如果有比较范围,形容词最高级前必须加定冠词:

Of all methods, this is the most effective.