水产养殖英语论文

carp in captivity(A) foster mother（1）. Sexual maturity and sexual cycle of the Yangtze river basin (female general 2 age, male of 1 year of above the carp reach sexual maturity. Generally 3 ~ 5 month for the gonads mature and spawning period. After the first phase of the eggs Ⅵovarian to absorb degradation in July to the first Ⅱperiod, then gradually development to enter the first Ⅳperiod in November, and, on the winter period, the second year 3 ~ 4 months, meet appropriate environmental conditions, ovarian it quickly mature soon Ⅳphase, the first to the first V period. The male sexual maturity (after the first JingChao degradation to reproduce Ⅲperiod, 8 to 9 months into the first Ⅳperiod, December to the first V period, and this period winter. Laying eggs in the different season all over south laying eggs for 2 ~ 3 month stage; The Yangtze river basin as a 3 ~ 4 month; The Yellow River is 4 ~ 5 month; The northeast region for 5 ~ 6 months. Spawning period sustainable 2 months or so commonly. （2）. The choice of mother and raising female carp should choose 2 years old, weight more than 1 kg, the male carp slightly small weight for about 0.5 kilograms. The choice should be body height, mother back thick, healthy body, strong, the figure is good, strong activity without injury. Source of good for breeding in the pond. Kiss fish pond area is general 1 to 3 mu, depth of water 1.5 meters or so, every year to clear a pond. Mother stocking density general 100-150 kg/mu, also can a few silver carps, it collection fish, to control the excessive breeding of plankton. After laying eggs in winter carp have to kiss before male and female fed separately, in order to avoid sudden high temperature when natural reproduction and sporadic carp spawn, usually can be male and female FenYang collection or a pond. Carp for bears are, appetite is big, raising the period shall be given enough food, also can be appropriately fertilization make water quality fertile, natural feed enough. Note 10 ~ 15 days before laying eggs with high quality feed to strengthen the cultivation, so as to facilitate the development of the.(B) natural fertilized eggs1. Laying eggs, hatch pool choice spawning pool to 0.5 ~ 1 mu is better, water depth 1 ~ 1.5 meters. Rappel/abseil stations should be exposed to the shelter, less, silt, note drainage convenient, the environment is quiet pond. Put the fish from seven to 10 days before with lime and clear pond, when water tight filters, water quality and pure and fresh, oxygen levels high. General is encouraged by raising pool and be hatching pool, fry in them after they hatch, raised on the spot. Request the pond area 1 ~ 2 acres, water depth 0.7 ~ 1 m, put the fish before qing pond.2. Fish and making of nest eggs is to produce cohesive set carp, need has attached objects, so that a fertilized egg adhesion on development. Usually the artificial setting for the fish eggs attached objects called nest. Copper natural materials nest fish, as long as the quality of a material soft, fine need more, in the water easily spread out the long-lived all can be used. Commonly used in production plants (poly grass, horworts), willow roots, palm skin, ferns, etc, and is now the artificial fiber production development of fish nest, more durable. Fish nest materials by disinfects processing, tie beam is made, the right size, not thin not close, and then the fine bamboo or tied to a tree in the article. Common set mode have suspension type peace column type. General fish arranged in nests away from the shore 1 meter ofshallow water, bamboo pole sink into 10 ~ 15 cm underwater, so that the fish float state in the nest. According to the situation when management attention to the nest eggs for fish in time.3. With eggs in general river's lake of carp, pond are natural laying eggs, when spring water temperature rise to 18 ℃or so, it will begin to reproduce themselves by laying eggs. Male and female of FenYang mother needs and pool with group, appropriate in the warm sunny without the wind, or after the rain pround of the weather, choose a mature good male and female(C) artificial inseminationArtificial oxytocin and artificial insemination, can make egg matures, laying eggs, seedling and tidy. The dose of hormone oxytocin carp to request is not very strict, pituitary, predict the hormone and analogues flooded to carp are effective. Females of the pituitary gland dose of 4 ~ 10 mg kg or gut hormone 1500 ~ 2000 international units kilograms or release the hormone analogue 35 to 100 MCG/kg, also can let take two hormones mixed use, the effect is better. The dose of the male fish for half the females, all use an american-style injections. The preparation of the injection and injection method and four everybody fish the same. Injection in the afternoon general 4 ~ 5 and injection after mother will put people spawning pool, blunt water 1 ~ 2 hours, put mermaid nest, general that night or the next day morning can spawn. After oxytocin can also be artificial insemination, carp eggs in water is not in viscosity, generally USES the dry fertilization. First the body surface mother wiped, crowded eggs one bowl, then squeeze in semen on eggs, gently toss with feather, fully contact with the sperm or eggs, add water to make its fertilization, will be evenly in advance from fertilized eggs on the fish of shallow water the nest to hatch.(D) hatch1. The pond on the current production hatch directly use fry breeding pool to hatch, to reduce the trouble and fry turn pond loss. Will the fish sticks has the nest eggs on pool under the water 10 centimeters and fixed, the water can be put per 25 to 300000 grain of eggs or so, if 60% of the survival rate computation, the density of goldfish fries per for 15 ~ 180000 tail. Fry just hatch, not immediately put the fish nest take out, most of the time at fry attached to the fish the nest, rely on the yolk sac provides nutrition for fry can active swimming foraging, can remove fish nest.2. The eggs hatch will drench water fish nest in a room suspension or flat out on shelves, using the method of pouring water so that the fish nest keep wet. This method to control the mercury hotshots indoor temperature, humidity, observation embryonic development, an incubation speed is consistent, reduce water mildew damage, hatch from climate change effects, etc. When the embryonic development of departure will be immediately eye when fish nest moved to hatch in the pool hatch, pay attention to indoor pool temperature varies with no more than 5 ℃.3. Debonding water in sticky eggs hatch carp after artificial insemination, its viscosity is taken away, and then use the hatch equipment fish house water to hatch. Use this law can avoid DiHai attacks, water quality and pure and fresh, dissolved oxygen rich, and is suitable for mass production, need not make fish nest, save materials and artificial.(1) the mud debonding method use first yellow soil synthesis rare mud water, general 5 kgwater to add 0.5 ~ 1 kg yellow, the 40 eye nets cloth filter. Fertilized eggs into the water will slow the mud, kept banging on the mud water 2 ~ 3 minutes, will debonding eggs into after washing cages to mud, can put in hatch incubator running water.(2) the talcum powder debonding method will be 1.00 grams of magnesium silicate and talc powder that is adding 20 ~ 25 g salt dissolve in 10 premium, stir to a mixed suspension, can be used to take off sticky eggs 1 ~ 1.5 kg carp. When operating a face suspension in slowly pour eggs, a stir gently with feather, after half an hour later, the fertilized egg scattered with granular, rinse in the incubator water to hatch.翻译部分鲤鱼的人工繁殖(一)亲鱼培育1．性成熟和性周期长江流域的雌鲤一般2龄，雄鲤1龄以上达性成熟。