(完整word版)虚拟语气用法归纳

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(完整word版)虚拟语气用法详解(word文档良心出品)

(完整word版)虚拟语气用法详解(word文档良心出品)

虚拟语气用法详解一、条件句中的虚拟语气1. 条件句中虚拟语气的形式从句中提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件,主句会产生的一种不可能获得的结果。

条件句中的2. 条件句中的虚拟语气的举例(1) 将来时的条件句中的虚拟语气。

如:If he should go to Qing Hua University, he would make full use of his time. 如果他要上清华大学的话,他就会充分利用他的时间了。

If he were to come here, he would tell us about it. 如果他要来的话,他会通知我们一声。

(2) 现在时的条件句中的虚拟语气。

如:If he were free, he would help us. 要是他有空的话,它会帮助我们的。

If he studied at this school, he would know you well. 如果他在这所学校学习的话,它会对你很熟悉。

(3)过去时的条件句中的虚拟语气。

如:If I had seen the film, I would have told you about it. 我如果看过这场电影,我会把电影内容告诉你了。

If I had got there earlier, I would have met Mr. Li. 如果我早点到那儿,我就会会到了李先生。

3. 运用条件句中的虚拟语气时,须注意的几个问题(1)当从句的主语为第三人称单数时,谓语动词若是系动词be时,可用was 代替were。

但在倒装虚拟结构及if I were you, as it were 中,只能用were。

如:Were I ten years younger, I would study abroad. 要是我还年轻十岁的话,我会去国外学习。

If I were you, I would try my best to grasp the chance. 要是我是你的话,我要尽力抓住这次机会。

(完整)虚拟语气用法总结,推荐文档

(完整)虚拟语气用法总结,推荐文档

虚拟语气的用法总结语气:语气是动词的一中形式,它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。

语气的种类:(1 )陈述语气表示动作或状态是现实的,确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句,疑问句和某些感叹句。

如We are ready. What a fine day it is!(2 )祈使语气表示说话人的建议,请求,邀请,命令等。

如Ope n the door, Please.应注意以下几点:1. 主语通常是第二人称you,但多不出现,动词用原形,否定用don ot或者don'加动词原形(或be)女口Be careful next time. Don 'smoke here.2. 有时为了强调,主语也可以出现,而且可以是第三人称,谓语动词不加-s或者-es如You be quiet.He sta nd up.3. 祈使语气可以用do加强语气女口Do come to see this Sunday.4. 在Let's的祈使句后,疑问部分通常用shall we ;在Let us后,疑问部分用will you女口Let' goout for a walk after supper , shall we? /Let us clean our classroom, will you?5. 祈使句与连词and连用时相当于一个条件句,而and之后则是表示结果。

如Think hardand you will have a good idea.(3)虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望,假设或推测等。

女口If I were you, I should study En glish.一. 虚拟语气在条件从句的用法条件句有两类,一类是真实条件句;一类是非真实条件句,也就是虚拟条件句。

如果假设的情况是有可能发生的,就是真实条件句,谓语要用陈述语气。

如If it doesn S rain tomorrow, we will go to the park.如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的,或将来不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。

(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结

(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结

(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结英语中的虚拟语气是一种表示非事实或想象的语气,用来表达对现实情况的猜测、愿望、要求、建议、命令和反讽等。

虚拟语气主要通过动词的形式和句子的结构来表达。

一、虚拟语气的用法:1.表达建议、要求、命令、禁止:- 主语+动词原形+宾语(动词原形要用动词底形、如be);- 主语+动词原形+that从句(用于表达建议、命令、禁止,动词原形用“should + 动词原形”或用情态动词)。

例句:- It is important that he be present at the meeting.(建议)- I suggest that he should go to the doctor.(建议)- They insisted that he leave the room immediately.(命令)2.表达愿望、请求、要求:-主语+动词过去式;- 主语+would/could/might + 动词原形;- 主语+动词过去式+宾语+should + 动词原形。

例句:- I wish I could fly.(愿望)- I would appreciate it if you could help me.(请求)3.表示虚拟条件:- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时,主句用would/should/might/could + have + 过去分词;- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去时,主句用would/should/could + 动词原形。

例句:- If I had known his phone number, I would have called him.(虚拟条件)- If you had listened to me, we could have finished the project earlier.(虚拟条件)4.表达建议、要求、祝愿:- If only内部称述 + 主语 + 过去式。

高中英语虚拟语气的用法归纳

高中英语虚拟语气的用法归纳

高中英语虚拟语气的用法归纳以下是高中英语虚拟语气的用法归纳:虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,表示假设、愿望、建议、命令、猜测等非真实的情况。

一、基本用法1. 与现在事实相反条件从句:If + 主语 + 动词过去式(be 动词用 were)主句:主语 + would/should/could/might + 动词原形例句:If I were you, I would study harder. (如果我是你,我会更努力学习。

)Wouldn't life be boring if we had everything we wanted? (如果我们想要什么就有什么,生活岂不是很无聊?)2. 与过去事实相反条件从句:If + 主语 + had + 过去分词主句:主语 + would/should/could/might + have + 过去分词例句:If I had known your phone number, I would have called you. (如果我知道你的电话号码,我就给你打电话了。

)Couldn't you have done better if you had tried harder? (如果你再努力些,难道不能做得更好吗?)3. 与将来事实相反条件从句:① If + 主语 + 动词过去式② If + 主语 + were to + 动词原形③ If + 主语 + should + 动词原形主句:主语 + would/should/could/might + 动词原形例句:If it rained tomorrow, we would stay at home. (如果明天下雨,我们就待在家里。

)If she were to come here tomorrow, I would be very happy. (如果她明天来这儿,我会非常高兴。

)If he should fail in the exam, how disappointed his parents would be!(要是他考试不及格,他父母该多失望啊!)二、固定搭配1. wish 后的宾语从句与现在事实相反:从句用一般过去时与过去事实相反:从句用过去完成时与将来事实相反:从句用 would/could + 动词原形例句:I wish I were as tall as you. (我希望我和你一样高。

(完整版)虚拟语气详解

(完整版)虚拟语气详解

虚拟语气详解虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望(往往与客观事实相反),或是表示假象和猜测。

虚拟语气无论从形式上还是时态上都比较复杂,需要归类记忆。

虚拟语气大体分为三类:(1) be型虚拟(2) were型虚拟(3) if 条件句及主句虚拟下面会详细说每种虚拟形式的特征和规律,考试时先判断属于哪种虚拟类型,剩下的皆是套路~(1)be型虚拟(基本是套路)形式:should + 动词原形,should可以省略用法:1)表示“命令、建议、要求”等意义词语之后的宾语从句用be型虚拟,常见的词如下: demand, desire, insist, order, ask, command, propose, recommend, suggest, prefer, require, request等最常见的形式是这类动词后面接着一个宾语从句,则宾语从句的谓语部分要用(should)+ 动词原形来虚拟例: We demand that the meeting(should)be postponed.The manager suggested that we (should) work together.注意:有时候你所见到不一定是上述动词引导的宾语从句,而是由上述词变体后所引导主语从句(it做形式主语,如:it is advised/ suggested/ requested/ ordered/ proposed that…)、表语从句或同位语从句例如:It is required that the students (should) learn a foreign language. (主语从句) The requirement is that all the equipment in the meeting room (should) be checked twice before. (表语从句)We didn’t stand for his proposal that the meeting (should)be postponed. (同位语从句)只要看到句中有上述动词或其变体,不管词性怎么变、句型怎么变,都用be型虚拟!特例:suggest和insist这两个比较特殊,当suggest作“暗示、表明、说明”讲,insist作“坚持说”讲,后面一般跟的是客观事实,不需要虚拟~这是一个比较重要的考点,体会下面两组句子:We all suggest that a lab (should) be built. 我们都建议建一个实验室。

虚拟语气用法大全

虚拟语气用法大全

1.虚拟语气在条件句中的用法(1)若表示与现在事实相反的假设,则条件从句中用过去式,主句中用过去将来式(would,should,could,might + 动词原形);若表示某事将来实现的可能性不大,则条件从句中用should + 动词原形也可用“were to+动词原形”或用过去式动词。

如:2)若表示与过去事实相反的假设,从句中用过去完成式,主句中用过去将来完成式(should,would,could,might + have + 过去分词)。

如:busy.(3)含有虚拟语气的条件状语从句中,如有had,should,were 这三个词的话,在正式或书面语言中可将if省略,再将句子的主语和谓语动词实行全部倒装或部分倒装。

如:(4)若主句从句所指的时间不一致,即条件从句表示与过去事实相反,主句表示与现在事实相反;或者条件从句表示与现在事实相反,主句表真实情况,则从句中应采用与具体时间相对应的虚拟形式。

如:2.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法在动词suggest,order,demand,propose,request,command,insist等后的宾语从句中,用虚拟语气(即Should+动词原形或只用动词原形)来表示愿望、建议、命令、请求等。

在动词wish /would rather后的宾语从句中,用过去式表示与现在事实不符,用过去完成式表示与过去事实不符。

如:3.虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法在It is necessary/important/strange/natural;It is requested/suggested/desired/proposed;it is a pity等结构后的主语从句中要用虚拟语气,即Should+动词原形或只用动词原形。

如:4.虚拟语气在表语从句、同位语从句中的用法。

在 suggestion, proposal,idea,plan,order,advice等名词后的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气,即should+动词原形或只用动词原形5.虚拟语气在其他状语从句中的用法在as if引导的状语从句中,用过去式表示与现在事实不符,用过去完成式表示与过去事实不符;在so that,in order that引导的状语从句中,常用should/would/could/might+动词原形来表示虚拟语气。

(完整word版)虚拟语气表格归纳

(完整word版)虚拟语气表格归纳

状语从句中的虚构语气虚构语气在 if 指引的条从句(条件)主句(目的)件句中的用法三点:表示于此刻事实相反的If+ 主语 +动词的过去式( be 用主语 +would(shouldcould虚构条件句were)might)+ 动词原型表示与过去事实相反的If+ 主语 +had+ 动词的过去分主语 +would ( should could 拟条件句词might ) +have+动词的过去分词表示与未来事实相反的If+ 主语 +should( were to) + 主语 +would ( could should 虚构条件句动词原型 / 动词的过去式might ) +动词原型混淆条件句——主从句有时条件从句中的动作与主句中的动作,发生的时间不一致,时间不一致的状况下的这是动作的形式应依据它所表示的时间加以调整。

虚构语气有时虚构条件句并没用if从句表示出来,而是用介词短语委婉条件句( otherwise ,or ,without ,but for )上下文或其余方式来表示。

条件从句中省略 if 采纳倒装语序的状况虚拟语气在 as if/as though 指引的方式状语从句中1.条件暗含在短语中;2.条件暗含在上下文中;3.虚构式变成习惯说法,很难找出其暗含的条件。

在if 指引的表示虚构的条件状语从句中,有时能够把虚构条件中的连词 if 省去,而将 had , should , were 等助动词提到主语以前。

例:原句: If she were younger,she,would do it.去if : Were she younger,she,would do it.1.表示与此刻事实相反或对此刻状况有思疑,谓语动词用过去式。

2.表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用过去达成时。

3.表示与未来事实相反注意: 1.在 as if/as though 句中,假如有可能成为事实,用陈说语气。

例: He looks as if he going to be ill.2.as though 或 as if 指引的状语从句,从句主语和主句主语同样时,从句中可省略主语和部分谓语。

(word完整版)高中英语语法-虚拟语气全总结,推荐文档

(word完整版)高中英语语法-虚拟语气全总结,推荐文档

①错综时间条件句:当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,被称为错综时间条件句,动词的形式要根据它表示的时间作出相应的调整。

如:If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now. If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.②i f省略句在条件句中可以省略if,把were, had, should提到句首,变成倒装句式。

如:If I were at school again, I would study harder. T Were I at school aga in, I would study harder.如果我还有上学的机会,我会更加努力学习。

If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus.T Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus.如果你来得早点,你就能赶上公共汽车。

If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climb ing.T Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 如果明天下雨的话,我们就不能登山去了。

③用介词代替条件状语从句常用的介词有with, without, but for。

如:What would you do with a million dollars ? (=if you had a million dollars) 如果你有100万元,你会做什么?We couldn 't have finished the work ahead of time without your help . (=if we hadn 'tgot your help)没有你的帮助,我们不可能提前完成这项工作。

虚拟语气的规则总结word版

虚拟语气的规则总结word版

虚拟语气虚拟语气:表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。

一、if从句:(一)(二)错综时间的虚拟句:通常情况下,在条件句中主句和从句的谓语动词所指时间一致, 但有时也可能指不同的时间,这时主句和从句的动作不是发生在同一时间,其动词形式要根据时间而定。

1. If I were you, I would have taken his advice. (从句指现在, 主句指过去)。

2. If I had taken my raincoat with me this morning, I would not be wet now. (从句指过去,主句指现在)。

3. If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years, things wouldn’t be going so smoothly.(从句指过去,主句指现在)。

4. If the weather had been more favorable, the crops would be growing still better.(从句指过去,主句指现在)。

5. If we had not got everything ready by now, we should be having a more terrible time tomorrow. (从句指现在,主句指将来)(三)省略:If 从句中含有were, should, had时,可省略if并把were, should, had提前。

例如:Were I you, I wouldn’t quarrel with him.备注:注:would, should, could与might的选择:①一般常用would,如同在真实条件句中主句常要用will一样。

常译作“将、就会”。

如:If I knew him, I would ask him for help. 如果我认识他的话,我就会向他求助。

最全虚拟语气用法总结-202X年学习资料

最全虚拟语气用法总结-202X年学习资料

千里之行,始于足下。

最全虚拟语气用法总结-202X年学习资料
虚拟语气是表示假设、愿望、建议、命令等非事实的情况的一种语气形式。

下面是对虚拟语气用法的总结:
1.表示假设:
- 表示与现在事实相反的假设:
- 与过去事实相反:If + 过去完成时,主句使用 would/could/might + have + 过去分词。

- 与现在事实相反:If + 过去时,主句使用 would/could/might + 动
词原形。

- 与将来事实相反:If + 过去时,主句使用 would/could/might + 动
词原形。

- 表示将来事实的虚拟:
- If + 一般现在时,主句使用 will/would/may/might/can/could + 动词原形。

2.表示愿望、建议和要求:
- 愿望:
- I wish + (that) + 从句(过去时)。

- If only + 从句(过去时)。

- 建议和要求:
- 动词原形 + that + 主语 + (should) + 动词原形。

第1页/共2页
锲而不舍,金石可镂。

3.表示命令和建议:
- 命令:
- 动词原形 + that + 主语 + 动词原形。

- 建议:
- It is (high) time + 过去式 + (that) + 主语 + 过去式。

以上是对虚拟语气用法的简要总结。

在实际运用中,需要根据具体情况选择适当的虚拟语气形式来表达所需的意思。

虚拟语气用法总结(完整)

虚拟语气用法总结(完整)

虚拟语气用法总结(完整)if+主语+had+过去分词+其他+主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词+其他例:1.XXX,XXX如果我知道你要来,我就会准备些食物的。

(事实:我不知道)2.XXX,XXX.如果我当时研究更努力些,我就能通过考试了。

(事实:我没有用功研究)3、表示与将来事实相反的情况:if+主语+were/should+动词原形+其他+主语+would/could/might+动词原形+其他例:1.IfIwereyou,XXX.如果我是你,我不会那样做。

(将来:我不可能成为你)2.XXX,XXX.如果下雨了,带上这把伞。

(将来:不一定会下雨)1.If I had arrived earlier。

I would have been able to meet her。

(Fact: I arrived late)2.If he had XXX my advice。

he would not have made such a mistake。

(Fact: He didn't listen to me)3.If he were to come here tomorrow。

I would talk to him。

(Fact: It's XXX he will come)In expressing ns。

orders。

requests。

etc。

the subjunctive mood is often used in the object clause。

with the verb in the form of "should + infinitive," which can be omitted.Other uses of XXX:1.The subjunctive mood is used in the object clause after "wish" to express a XXX fact。

英语《虚拟语气》语法知识总结归纳

英语《虚拟语气》语法知识总结归纳

英语《虚拟语气》语法知识总结归纳虚拟语气(Subjunctive mood)是英语中一种特殊的语气形式,用于表示说话人的假设、愿望、建议、要求、命令等非真实情况。

虚拟语气在句子中通常与动词的调整和语法结构上的变化相关。

以下是对虚拟语气的语法知识的总结归纳:1.条件句中的虚拟语气:1.1 条件句中表示对现在的假设:使用虚拟语气的一般公式是:if + 主语 + 过去式,主句使用would/could/should/might + 动词原形。

例如:- If I were you, I would go to the meeting.(如果我是你,我会去开会。

)注意,这里的"were"是一个特殊的虚拟语气形式,用于所有人称和数。

- If she had studied harder, she might have passed the exam.(如果她努力学习,她可能会通过考试。

)1.2 条件句中表示对过去的假设:使用虚拟语气的一般公式是:if + 主语 + 过去完成时,主句使用would/could/should/might + have + 过去分词。

例如:- If I had known it, I would have told you.(如果我知道了,我会告诉你的。

)- If she had arrived earlier, she might have caught the bus.(如果她早点到,她可能会赶上公共汽车。

)2.虚拟条件句中的特殊情况:2.1 在虚拟条件句中表示命令、建议时,主句中的动词可以使用动词原形(而不是would/could/should/might + 动词原形)。

例如:- If you have any questions, please let me know.(如果你有任何问题,请告诉我。

)- If I were you, I would take a break.(如果我是你,我会休息一下。

虚拟语气用法归纳

虚拟语气用法归纳

虚拟语气用法归纳虚拟语气是指说话者虚构的一种语言形式,用来表达说话者对现实情况的假设、猜测、愿望或条件。

虚拟语气在中文中的使用非常广泛,涉及到多种语法结构和情境。

以下是对虚拟语气用法的归纳总结。

一、表示假设的虚拟语气1. 假设条件句假设条件句是虚拟语气的常见表现形式,通过“如果……就”“要是……就”等句式来表示假设情况。

例如:“如果我有钱的话,我就去旅行。

”“要是我能回到过去,我就不会犯同样的错误了。

”在这种情况下,虚拟语气表达了说话者对假设情况的想象或假设。

2. 表示对过去情况的虚拟对于已经发生的事情,我们常常需要使用虚拟语气来表示对过去情况的假设、愿望或遗憾。

例如:“要是我当初早点知道你的困难,我会帮助你的。

”“要是我早知道这本书这么好,我早就买了。

”在这些句子中,虚拟语气用来表达对过去情况的假设和遗憾的感受。

3. 表示不太可能实现的愿望虚拟语气也在表达愿望时发挥重要作用。

例如:“但愿我能成为一名科学家!”“但愿我们之间不曾发生过误会。

”这种虚拟语气则表达了对不太可能实现的愿望或希望的渴求。

二、表示建议、命令、要求的虚拟语气1. 否定句中的建议在否定句中,我们常常使用虚拟语气来表示建议或劝告。

例如:“你不如早点休息吧。

”“他不妨多读点书。

”这些句子表示一种建议或劝告,通过虚拟语气传达说话者对于被建议者的主观想法。

2. 表示礼貌的虚拟语气在书信、邀请和请求的语境中,虚拟语气被用来表示礼貌和尊重。

例如:“如果您有空,不妨来我家做客。

”“请求您尽快给予答复。

”这些句子中的虚拟语气传达了说话者的礼貌和尊重心态。

三、表示假设、推测的虚拟语气1. 表示假设的虚拟语气有时候,虚拟语气也可以用来表示对可能的假设或推测。

例如:“他说这话,可能是有所图。

”“今天天气这么糟,可能是要下雨了。

”在这些句子中,虚拟语气表达了说话者对可能的假设或推测。

2. 表示希望的虚拟语气虚拟语气也可以用来表示对未来情况的希望或愿望。

演讲稿虚拟语气用法总结(超好,原创)完整版

演讲稿虚拟语气用法总结(超好,原创)完整版

优选
7
If you ______ with George earlier, you _____ so angry now.
A.talked; would not be B.had talked; would not be C.would talk; would not be D.had talked; would not have been
5.Without / But for your help, we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.
=If it had not been for your help, …
优选
12
Without electricity, human being life ______ quite different today.
优选
8
If we had taken such effective measures much earlier, the river _____ so seriously now.
A.is not polluted
B.would not be polluted
C.had not been polluted
优选
14
He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he _____ a goal.
A.had scored B.scored C.would score D.would have scored
优选
15
— Why didn’t you buy it? — I ______ but I didn’t have the money. A. would B. would have C. had had D. had bought

(完整版)虚拟语气语法归纳..doc

(完整版)虚拟语气语法归纳..doc

虚拟语气语法归纳虚拟语气的使用主要体现在三个方面:虚拟条件句、虚拟语气在某些从句中的运用,以及虚拟语气的一些特殊用法。

虚拟条件句虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设,所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。

根据时间的不同,虚拟条件句可分为三种,即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句及与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。

具体情况请看下表:例句:1.表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now,I would lend it to you.If I were you,I would go to tell him the real feeling upon him.If I were a boy, I would join the army.If the had time, she should go with you.2.表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice,he wouldn't have made such a bad mistake.She would have come to enjoy the party if she hadn't been very busy.If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition.3.表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.If he were to be given another chance to do it again,he could certainly achieve more.If it were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.1.虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中,为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性,或突出说话人的一种主观愿望,虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。

(word完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结,文档

(word完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结,文档

(word完满版)英语虚假语气语法归纳总结,文档虚假语气 :表示说的话不是事实,不可以能发生也许说可能性很小的情况,表达一种梦想、建议、假设。

一、条件状语从句中的用法从句谓语形式主句谓语形式现在were/ did would/could/should(+not)+ do过去had donewould/could/should/might(not)+ have done将来 1.were/did would/could/should/might2.should do(not)3.were to do+ do简单记法:if were/did, would doif had done, would have doneif were to do/should do, would do举例:If I were you, I would do nothing about it.If you had taken your teacher’ s advice, you wouldn’ t have made such a mistake.If it were to/ should rain tomorrow(表示降水率很低 ),they wouldn’ t go shopping.附注:虚假语气,条件状从倒装状语从句中,去掉if,提前were/ had/ should如: If I were you, I would give up.→Were I you, I would give upIf you had taken the advice, you would have .→ Had you taken the advice, you would haveIf the world should come to an end,→ Should the world come to an end别的, without, but for, otherwise 构成的条件状语从句中,也有委宛的虚假语气But for the popularization of electricity, we would lead a whole different life today. (popularization 普及, publicity 宣传 )Without your help, I would have failed.We’ ll go earlier, otherwise we wouldn’〔tget表示a可seat能性.小〕但其实,高中英语考试也常考:错综虚假语气条件句即:假设条件状从发生的时间与所假设的谓语动词不一致,此时,主句和从句要依照各自的时间而定。

虚拟语气用法总结

虚拟语气用法总结

虚拟语气用法总结虚拟语气概述:虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。

虚拟语气主要用于if条件状语从句,也可用于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句等。

1.与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,if从句中的谓语用过去式(be用were),主句用would/coul d/mightshould+动词原形。

If I were you, I would buy the computer.如果我是你,我就会买这台电脑。

2.与将来事实相反的虚拟语气,从句谓语过去式(be用were)/should+动词原形/were t o+动词原形,主句谓语would/could/might/should do.If I saw/should see/were to see him tomorrow, I would invite him home.我如果明天见到他,会邀请他到家里来。

3.与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,主句谓语should/would/could/might+have+过去分词,If 条件从句的谓语形式had+过去分词词。

If the weather had been nice yesterday,we would have gone swimming.如果昨天天气好的话,我们就去游泳了。

4. wish后的宾语从句用虚拟语气,从句的谓语形式虚拟情况与现在事实相反用:过去式(be用were)与过去事实相反had+过去分词与将来事实相反would/ could/might+动词原形I wish (that) I were a bird and could fly freely in the sky.我希望我是一只鸟,可以在天空中自由地飞翔。

虚拟语气用法归纳完整版

虚拟语气用法归纳完整版

虚拟语气用法归纳英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气:陈述语气,祈使语气和虚拟语气。

不同的语气用动词的不同形式(有的还借助句法形式)来表示。

一、虚拟条件句条件句有两类:一类是真实条件句,一类是虚拟条件句如果假设的情况是有可能发生的,就是真实条件句,谓语用陈述语气。

If you don 'work hard, you will fail.If it is fine tomorrow, we will go for a picnic.如果假设的情况过去、现在、将来都不存在,则为虚拟语气虚拟条件句和对应主句的动词形式列表:1•与现在事实相反的虚拟What would you do if you won the lottery?If I were you, I would seize the cha nee to go abroad.If I had a lot of money no w, I would travel around the world.2. 与过去事实相反的虚拟If you had bee n here yesterday, you would have see n her.If he had driven more carefully, he would not have had the car accident yesterday.3. 与将来事实相反的虚拟If it were to rain/should rai n/rai ned tomorrow, our pla n would be put off.If we were to pic nic, we would not be able to help.二、错综、混合虚拟语气通常,在上面表格里反映的是非真实条件句的虚拟语气模式,从句和主句的谓语动词时间是一致的,如果两者时间不一致,此时就是混合型虚拟语气。

混合型虚拟语气的使用要求“各自为政”,即从句和主句根据各自假设的时间不同,采用上面表格中对应的的谓语动词形式。

虚拟语气用法总结(完整)

虚拟语气用法总结(完整)

虚拟语气常在表示条件和结果的状语从句中。

在表示与事实相反的虚拟语气时动词有三种时态:现在时,过去时,将来时。

在条件句中的应用:条件句可分为两类,一类为真实条件句,一类为非真实条件句。

非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气。

虚拟语气在什么情况下用虚拟语气在表示虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时,用虚拟语气,表示主观愿望或表示某种强烈情感时,也用虚拟语气。

[编辑本段]虚拟语气在非真实条件状语从句中的用法1、真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句eg .If he doesn’t hurry up, he will miss the bus. 如果他不快点,他将错过巴士。

( 真实条件状语)(不是虚拟语气)If he is free, he will ask me to tell stories. 如果他是空闲的,他会要求我讲故事。

(真实条件状语)(不是虚拟语气)If I were you, I would go at once.如果我是你,我马上就会去。

(非真实条件状语从句)If there were no air, people would die. 如果没有空气,人就会死亡。

(非真实条件状语从句)2、在非真实条件状语从句中的用法及动词形式1、表示与现在事实相反的情况:if+主语+did/be(were)+其他+主语+should/would/could/might+do+其他例:1.If I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你,我会带把伞。

(事实:我不可能是你)2.If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you. 如果我知道他的电话号码,我就会告诉你。

(事实:不知道)3.If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth. 如果没有水和空气,地球上就不会有生物。

(完整版)虚拟语气用法归纳

(完整版)虚拟语气用法归纳

虚拟语气(the subjunctive mood)用法归纳第一部分:语气的定义和种类1、语气(mood)语气是动词的一种形式,表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。

2、语气的种类⑴陈述语气:表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。

如:①There are two sides to every question. 每个问题都有两个方面。

②Were you busy all day yesterday? 昨天一整天你都很忙吗?③How good a teacher she is! 她是多好的一位老师啊!⑵祈使语气:表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。

如:①Never be late again! 再也不要迟到了。

②Don’t forget to turn off the light. 别忘了关灯。

⑶虚拟语气:表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。

如:①If I were a bird, I could fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟,我就能在空中飞行。

②I wish I could pass the examination. 我希望我能通过考试。

③May you succeed! 祝您成功!第二部分:简单句中的虚拟语气一、情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时,表示说话人的谦虚、客气、有礼貌、或委婉的语气,常用于日常会话中。

如:⑴Would you be kind enough to show me the way to the post office?请你告诉我去邮局的路好吗?⑵It would be better for you not to stay up too late. 你最好别熬夜到很晚。

二、表祝愿。

1、常用“may+动词原形”表示祝愿,但愿,may须置于句首(多用于正式文体中)。

如:⑴May good luck be yours! 祝你好运!⑵May you be happy! 祝你快乐!⑶May you do even better! 祝你取得更大成就!⑷May you have a good time. 祝愿你玩的痛快。

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虚拟语气(the subjunctive mood)用法归纳第一部分:语气的定义和种类1、语气(mood)语气是动词的一种形式,表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。

2、语气的种类⑴陈述语气:表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。

如:①There are two sides to every question. 每个问题都有两个方面。

②Were you busy all day yesterday? 昨天一整天你都很忙吗?③How good a teacher she is! 她是多好的一位老师啊!⑵祈使语气:表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。

如:①Never be late again! 再也不要迟到了。

②Don’t forget to turn off the light. 别忘了关灯。

⑶虚拟语气:表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。

如:①If I were a bird, I could fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟,我就能在空中飞行。

②I wish I could pass the examination. 我希望我能通过考试。

③May you succeed! 祝您成功!第二部分:简单句中的虚拟语气一、情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时,表示说话人的谦虚、客气、有礼貌、或委婉的语气,常用于日常会话中。

如:⑴Would you be kind enough to show me the way to the post office?请你告诉我去邮局的路好吗?⑵It would be better for you not to stay up too late. 你最好别熬夜到很晚。

二、表祝愿。

1、常用“may+动词原形”表示祝愿,但愿,may须置于句首(多用于正式文体中)。

如:⑴May good luck be yours! 祝你好运!⑵May you be happy! 祝你快乐!⑶May you do even better! 祝你取得更大成就!⑷May you have a good time. 祝愿你玩的痛快。

⑸May the friendship between us last long. 祝愿我们的友情天长地久。

⑹May you be happy. 祝你幸福。

【注意】本句型属于部分倒装句型,主语后用动词原形。

2、用动词原形。

如:⑴Long live the people! 人民万岁!⑵“God bless you,” said the priest. 牧师说:“愿上帝保佑你!”⑶Have a good journey! 祝愿你旅途愉快!三、表示强烈愿望。

(该类型虚拟语气谓语仅用动词原形,第三人称单数也不加“s”)⑴God save me.⑵Heaven help us.四、表命令。

1. 命令虚拟语气只能用在第二人称(you),而且通常省略主语(也就是you)。

2. 句子尾通常加上感叹号。

3. 虚拟语气动词用一般现在时态(Simple Present),如:work, be , go。

4. 否定形式的命令语气,可用助动词do加上not。

(1) Work !(2) Work harder !(3) Be more alert ! (虚拟语气动词Be)(4) You go out !(5) Do not work so hard. (do not 表示否定的虚拟语气)(6) Don't be afraid. (口语中常用don't 代替do not)五、在一些习惯表达中。

如:(1) You’d better set off now.你最好现在就出发。

(2) I’d rather not tell you the secret.我情愿不告诉你这个秘密。

第三部分:复合句中的虚拟语气条件句有真实条件句和非真实(虚拟)条件句两种。

真实条件句所表示的假设是有可能发生的,而非真实条件句则通常表示一种假想,与事实相反或不大可能会发生。

如:If I have time, I will go with them. 假若我有时间,我就同他们去。

(陈述语气)If I were you, I would go with them. 假若我是你,我就同他们去。

(虚拟语气)▲与现在事实相反:若与现在事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”。

如:If I knew her number, I could ring her up. 要是我知道她的电话号码,我就可以给她打电话了。

(可惜我不知道)▲与过去事实相反:若与过去事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”。

如:If I’d left sooner, I’d have been on time. 要是我早点动身,我就准时到了。

(但我动身太迟了) ▲与将来事实相反:若与将来事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”。

如:If I asked him, I’m sure he’d help us. 如果我向他提出要求,肯定他会帮助我们。

(不过我不打算这样做)总结:1.虚拟语气的解题方法是:回归法。

即将主句和从句的时态回归到非虚拟语气的状态,然后再用“时态向前推”的方法将主从句改变为虚拟语气的时态。

【注意】错综时间虚拟条件句也用这种方法解题。

2.虚拟条件句:与现在事实相反:从句过去时,主句should (would, could, might)+动词原形;与将来事实相反:从句过去时/should +V原/(were +to do),主句should (would, could, might)+动词原形;与过去事实相反:从句had done,主句should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词。

【注意】主句中有had done,从句中一定有have done。

反之,在错综虚拟条件句中不成立。

3.从句中可以有should表示将来时的虚拟语气,并且可能性很小,但是主句中的should表示主语必须是第一人称。

4.区别:虚拟语气主句中should(表第一人称),would(表结果),could(表能力、许可或可能性)和might(表可能性)。

试比较:If you tried again, you would succeed. 要是你再试一试,你就会成功的。

(would表结果) If you tried again, you might succeed. 要是你再试一试,你可能会成功的。

(might表可能) If you tried again, you could succeed. 要是你再试一试,你就能成功了。

(could表能力) 5.在虚拟条件句中,对于与将来事实相反的情形,请注意以下几点:(1)条件从句表示的内容与将来事实相反,实为对将来情况的推测,用过去时表示虚拟;(2)条件从句谓语除用过去式外,有时也用“should+动词原形(表示可能性极小,常译为“万一”)”或“were to+动词原形(表示与将来事实相反的假设)”;(3)条件从句使用“should+动词原形”这样的谓语形式时,主句谓语除可用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气形式外,也可用直陈语气或祈使语气。

试比较:If it should rain tomorrow, don’t expect me. 万一明天下雨,就不要等我了。

(祈使语气)If I should see him, I’ll tell him. 万一我见到他,我就告诉他。

(直陈语气)6.当条件从句的主语为第三人称单数时,谓语动词若是系动词be时,可用were代替was。

特别是在倒装虚拟结构及if I were you, as it were中,只能用were。

如:Were I ten years younger, I would study abroad.要是我还年轻十岁的话,我会去国外学习。

If I were you, I would try to grasp the chance. 要是我是你的话,我要尽力抓住这次机会。

7.有时虚拟条件句中,主、从句的动作若不是同时发生时,即错综时间虚拟条件句。

所谓错综时间虚拟条件句即条件从句与主句所指时间不一致,如从句指过去,而主句即指的是现在或将来,此时应根据具体的语境情况,结合上面提到的三种基本类型对时态作相应的调整。

具体分为下面三种情况:①从句的动作与过去事实相反,而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。

如:If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too.如果我在学校学习刻苦的话,我现在也会使工程师了If they had informed us, we would not come here now.如果他们通知过我们的话,我们现在就不会来这里了。

②从句的动作与现在事实相反,而主句的动作与过去事实不符。

如:If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing.如果他今天有空的话,我们会已经派他去北京了。

If he knew her, he would have greeted her. 要是他认识她的话,他肯定会去问候她了。

③从句的动作与过去发生的情况相反,而主句的动作与现在正在发生的情况相反。

如:If it had not been raining too much, the crops would be growing much better.如果天不下太多的雨的话,庄家会长得更好。

If he had been working hard, he would be working in the office now.要是他工作一直努力的话,他现在已进了办公室了。

8.当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, had时,if可省略,而将were, should, had等词置于句首。

如:Should he agree to go there, we would send him there. 要是他答应去的话,我们就派他去。

Were she here, she would agree with us. 如果她在这儿的话,她会同意我们的。

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