2017考研英语一阅读理解Text 4真题及答案解析
2017年考研英语一试题与答案解析(完整版)
2017年考研英语一试题与答案解析（完整版）Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)Could a hug a day keep the doctor away?The answer may be a resounding “yes!”.(1)helping you feel close and(2)to people you care about,it turns out that hugs can bring a(3)of health benefits to your body and mind.Believe it or not,a warm embrace might even help you(4)getting sick this winter.In a recent study(5)over400health adults,researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs(6)the participants’susceptibility to developing the common cold after being(7)to the virus.People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come(8)with a cold,and the researchers(9)that the stress-reducing effects of hugging(10)about32percent of that beneficial effect.(11)among those who got a cold,the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe(12).“Hugging protects people who are under stress from the(13)risk for colds that’s usually(14)with stress,”notes Sheldon Cohen,a professor of psychology at Carnegie.Hugging“is a marker of intimacy and helps(15)the feeling that others are there to help(16)difficulty.”Some experts(17)the stress-reducing,health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin,often called“the bonding hormone”(18)it promotes attachment in relationships,including that between mother and their newborn babies.Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain,and some of it is released into the bloodstream.But some of it(19)in the brain, where it(20)mood,behavior and physiology.1.[A]Unlike[B]Besides[C]Throughout[D]Despite2.[A]equal[B]restricted[C]connected[D]inferior3.[A]host[B]view[C]lesson[D]choice4.[A]recall[B]forget[C]avoid[D]keep5.[A]collecting[B]affecting[C]guiding[D]involving6.[A]on[B]in[C]at[D]of7.[A]devoted[B]exposed[C]lost[D]attracted8.[A]across[B]along[C]down[D]out9.[A]imagined[B]denied[C]doubted[D]calculated10.[A]served[B]explained[C]restored[D]required11.[A]Thus[B]Still[C]Rather[D]Even12.[A]defeats[B]symptoms[C]errors[D]tests13.[A]highlighted[B]minimized[C]controlled[D]increased14.[A]associated[B]equipped[C]presented[D]compared15.[A]assess[B]moderate[C]generate[D]record16.[A]in the face of[B]in the form of[C]in the way of[D]in the name of17.[A]attribute[B]commit[C]transfer[D]return18.[A]unless[B]because[C]though[D]until19.[A]emerges[B]vanishes[C]remains[D]decreases20.[A]experiences[B]combines[C]justifies[D]influences1、【答案】[B]Besides【解析】此处考察上下文的逻辑关系。
2017年考研英语（一）阅读真题及答案解析
2017年考研英语（一）阅读真题及答案解析2017年考研英语考试已经结束!店铺考研网在考后第一时间为大家提供2017年考研英语(一)阅读真题及答案解析，更多考研资讯请关注我们网站的更新!2017年考研英语(一)阅读真题及答案解析英语(一)阅读最后一篇文章有一点升华了，有一点小高潮，谈最高法院，在视频当中反复强调过，一定关注今年考试，一定会关注的重点话题，第三篇文章谈经济，第四篇谈法律题材。
不能仅仅背几个单词，一定要关注这些词、这些概念背后背景，以及词和词之间、概念和概念连接。
美国最高法院，想到谁了，历史惊人相似，2013年第四篇文章，我们最高法庭驳回了奥巴马政府，用一模一样的内容。
他说最高法庭推翻了对于这个人的受贿指控。
但是后面考了一个句子题，下划线句子怎么样，类似2004年这个人再也没有咬他的指甲，当时经济低迷咬指甲显示出他精神紧张。
后面出现了一个but，前面大方向是积极向上的。
这道题同样如此。
我们第一句话说我们驳回了，推翻了有罪，受贿判决。
后面说但是，大方向是向下的。
这道题选择的是对于这个人行为本身，感到了非常的可耻。
令人感到鄙视。
其他选项再比较选项的时候，干扰选项你明白考研命题思路，可以帮你更快更准更高效抓住正确答案。
第二题是细节题，到第四段怎么样，问你的是一个条件，只要什么样情况下我们才认为受贿罪是成立的呢。
其中A选项，给你送礼物的人那里得到非常具体的实在的回报。
这是我们的答案。
对原文做了同义改写。
第三题是目前我们整个法庭宣判，是基于什么样的假设。
我们公共部门的官员们，应该干吗?也是一道细节题。
这是我们说了解美国选举体制，我之所以给你投票唯一原因是干吗?上任以后带来我的好处。
这是非常合理的。
你和我们中国的一些传统文化当中一定有相冲突的地方，我们觉得做公务员干吗叫大公无私。
美国环境里不是这样的。
选民之所以选你因为你能够给我们带来好处。
他认为处理、满足我们的背后这些支持人的需求是理所当然的，是正当的。
2017年考研英语一阅读真题及答案解析
2017年考研英语一阅读真题及答案解析2017年考研英语考试已经结束!店铺考研网在考后第一时间为大家提供2017年考研英语一阅读真题及答案解析，更多考研资讯请关注我们网站的更新!2017年考研英语一阅读真题及答案解析大家也做了题，也发现今年题目并没有传说中那么难，四篇阅读理解前面三篇中等，不是很难。
第四篇和法律有关的文章大家觉得有点难度。
我今年也去考试了，这就是我的证据。
但是我的反面抄了一些答案，当然有些监考不让抄答案，我很潦草地抄了一些，想看它的难度和我们平常所学的能否挂钩。
前三篇不难，第四篇难度和法律相关，有点像2013年的地四篇文章。
其实这篇文章我刚才查了一下原版出处是CNN里的，推翻了弗吉尼亚前州长贪污罪，他是无辜的。
都是英国美国文章居多。
美国有三篇文章。
第一篇是美国机场安检特别浪费时间。
今年特点是有七八个自然段，不是往年一样四五个自然段。
第一道题，这是一个力争题，往年考题也这么说，通过所谓关键词定位方法无效，一定要把握主要内容是讲什么。
这是讲我们目前为什么有必要进行严格的安全检查。
因为埃及航空公司受到了恐怖袭击，在地中海上空受到恐怖主义袭击。
所以现在要严格安检。
这道词选解释作用。
第二题是上面哪个能够解释为什么美国机场排队队伍很长很长。
这道题文章里给了好几个解释。
第一个原因是因为我们现在经济比较好，机票比较便宜，所以很多人愿意排队。
大家都愿意坐飞机，不愿意开车、不愿意坐火车。
导致排队队伍很长。
第二个原因是有些人要打包，第三段里说的，包裹需要检查，有些人打了好多包，为了逃避托运费。
导致排队比较长。
还有一个这里所说的安检效率降低。
但是我们按照前面的最重要的原因，还是因为美国政府没有注意到现在出行坐飞机的人增多了，导致速度减慢。
这是我们飞机出行人员增加。
23题是猜词题，我们不管上基础课、强化课还是单向课，有我的模糊阅读班，猜词题不能相信所谓构词法，按照EX这个单词是出去的意思。
这里EX给人错觉是出去的意思，但是根据上下文是希望安检越快越好。
2017年考研英语(一)阅读 text4 精讲
2017年考研英语(一)阅读 text4 精讲Decoding the Complexities of the 2017 Postgraduate Entrance Examination English (I) Reading Text 4The 2017 Postgraduate Entrance Examination English (I) reading section has always been a topic of intense scrutiny and discussion among aspiring graduate students. The text four of this examination, in particular, has garnered significant attention due to its intricate nature and the challenges it poses to test-takers. In this essay, we will delve deep into the nuances of this text and uncover the strategies and insights that can help students navigate its complexities with confidence.Firstly, it is crucial to understand the overall structure and format of the reading text. The 2017 Postgraduate Entrance Examination English (I) reading section is designed to assess the candidates' comprehension skills, critical thinking abilities, and their capacity to analyze and interpret complex passages. Text four, in particular, is known for its multi-layered and thought-provoking content, which often requires a deep understanding of the context, subtext, and the underlying themes.One of the key aspects of this text is its focus on the dynamics of the academic world. The passage delves into the intricate relationships between professors, researchers, and students, as well as the challenges they face in the pursuit of knowledge and innovation. It explores the delicate balance between academic freedom, institutional constraints, and the pressures of the modern research landscape.Another salient feature of the text is its emphasis on the role of technology in shaping the academic landscape. The passage examines the impact of technological advancements on teaching methodologies, research practices, and the dissemination of information. It highlights the opportunities and challenges that come with the integration of technology in higher education, and how it has transformed the way knowledge is acquired, shared, and applied.Furthermore, the text touches upon the concept of academic integrity and the ethical considerations that govern the academic community. It addresses issues such as plagiarism, data fabrication, and the importance of maintaining high standards of scholarly conduct. This section of the text is particularly crucial as it not only tests the candidates' understanding of these concepts but also their ability to critically analyze and formulate informed opinions on these complex topics.In order to effectively tackle this reading passage, candidates must employ a multifaceted approach that combines careful reading, critical analysis, and a thorough understanding of the contextual and conceptual frameworks. They must be able to identify the key themes, arguments, and underlying assumptions presented in the text, and then synthesize this information to form a coherent and well-reasoned response.One effective strategy for approaching this text is to carefully read through the passage, making note of the main ideas, supporting evidence, and any potential counterarguments or alternative perspectives. It is also important to pay close attention to the language used, as the text may employ sophisticated vocabulary, complex sentence structures, and subtle nuances that can significantly impact the overall meaning and interpretation.Furthermore, candidates should strive to connect the themes and ideas presented in the text to their broader knowledge of the academic landscape, current trends in higher education, and the ongoing debates and discussions within the scholarly community. This contextual understanding can help them better analyze and interpret the text, and formulate responses that demonstrate a deep and nuanced understanding of the issues at hand.In addition to these analytical skills, candidates must also possessstrong writing abilities to effectively convey their understanding and insights in the examination. This includes the ability to structure their response in a clear and coherent manner, use appropriate academic language and conventions, and present their arguments in a persuasive and well-reasoned manner.In conclusion, the 2017 Postgraduate Entrance Examination English (I) reading text four is a complex and multifaceted passage that challenges candidates to demonstrate their critical thinking, analytical, and writing skills. By approaching the text with a comprehensive understanding of its themes, structure, and contextual frameworks, and by employing effective strategies for analysis and response, candidates can navigate the complexities of this passage and showcase their mastery of the English language and the academic landscape. With dedication, perseverance, and a deep commitment to learning, aspiring graduate students can unlock the full potential of this reading text and excel in the examination.。
2017考研英语一阅读理解Text 4真题及答案解析
Text 4In a rare unanimous ruling, the US Supreme Court has overturned thecorruption?conviction of a former Virginia governor, Robert McDonnell.?But it did so while holding its nose at the ethics of his conduct, which included accepting gifts such as a Rolex watch and a Ferrari automobile from a company seeking access to government.The high court’s decision said the judge in Mr. McDonnell’s trial failed to tell a jury that it must look only at his “official acts,”or the former governor’s decisions on “specific”and “unsettled”issues related to his duties.Merely helping a gift-giver gain access to other officials, unless done with clear intent to pressure those officials, is not corruption, the justices found.The court did suggest that accepting favors in return for opening doors is “distasteful”and “nasty.”But under anti-bribery laws, proof must be made of concrete benefits, such as approval of a contract or regulation. Simply arranging a meeting, making a phone call, or hosting an event is not an “official act”.The court’s ruling is legally sound in defining a kind of favoritism that is not criminal. Elected leaders must be allowed to help supporters deal with bureaucratic problems without fear of prosecution for bribery.”The basic compact underlying representative government,”wrote Chief Justice John Roberts for the court,”assumes that public officials will hear from their constituents and act on their concerns.”But the ruling reinforces the need for citizens and their elected representatives, not the courts, to ensure equality of access to government. Officials must not be allowed to play favorites in providing information or in arranging meetings simply because an individual orgroup provides a campaign donation or a personal gift. This type of integrity requireswell-enforced laws in government transparency, such as records of official meetings, rules on lobbying, and information about each elected leader’s source of wealth.Favoritism in official access can fan public perceptions of corruption. But it is not always corruption. Rather officials must avoid double standards, or different types of access for average people and the wealthy. If connections can be bought, a basic premise of democratic society—that all are equal in treatment by government—is undermined. Good governance rests on an understanding of the inherent worth of each individual.The court’s ruling is a step forward in the struggle against both corruption and official favoritism.36. The undermined sentence (Para.1) most probably shows that the court _______.[A] avoided defining the extent of McDonnell’s duties.[B] made no compromise in convicting McDonnell.[C] was contemptuous of McDonnell’s conduct.[D] refused to comment on McDonnell’s ethics.【答案】C【解析】答案为C。
2017年考研英语一text4
2017年考研英语一text4解析一、文章概述2017年考研英语一text4为一篇议论文。
文章主要讨论了全球气候变化所带来的挑战以及人类应对气候变化的方式和策略。
作者通过引用科学研究和数据，对气候变化的影响和解决方案进行了详细的阐述。
本文将对该文章的核心内容、观点阐述和论证方式进行分析和解读。
二、主要内容分析1.概述部分文章首先对气候变化的严重性进行了描述，指出气候变化对人类生存和发展造成的威胁，并强调人们需要认识到这个问题的紧迫性和重要性。
2.影响分析文章列举了气候变化对全球各个方面的影响，包括气候特殊事件的增加、海平面上升、生物多样性损失等。
作者还引用了相关的研究数据和案例，对这些影响进行了详细说明和论证。
3.解决方案探讨在文章的后半部分，作者提出了几种解决气候变化问题的方式和策略，包括减少温室气体排放、推动可再生能源的发展、加强环境保护等。
作者还指出，解决气候变化需要全球范围的合作和行动，需要政府、企业和个人共同努力。
三、观点阐述分析1.明确的观点在全文中，作者的观点非常明确，认为气候变化是一个严峻的全球性问题，需要采取行动来解决。
作者通过列举大量的实验证据和案例，加强了观点的说服力和可信度。
2.论证方式文章的论证方式主要依靠科学研究和数据。
作者引用了大量的科学研究和实验数据，对气候变化对各个方面的影响进行了详细描述和论证。
这种论证方式使文章更加客观和具有说服力。
四、结论2017年考研英语一text4是一篇议论文，主要讨论了全球气候变化对人类的影响和解决方案。
文章通过引用科学研究和数据，对气候变化问题进行了详细的阐述和论证。
文章观点明确，论证方式科学，语言准确流畅。
本文是一篇值得反复阅读和思考的优秀文章，并对考生们在备考考研英语中的议论文写作有一定的借鉴意义。
五、影响分析进一步阐述在探讨全球气候变化对各个方面的影响时，我们不得不关注气候特殊事件。
气候变暖导致了许多特殊天气现象的增加，如热浪、暴雨、特殊干旱等。
2017年考研英语一真题及答案
2017年考研英语一真题及答案D江西研视界教育咨询有限公司江西研视界教育咨询有限公司江西研视界教育咨询有限公司江西研视界教育咨询有限公司江西研视界教育咨询有限公司江西研视界教育咨询有限公司4. A. recall B. forget C. avoidD. keep5. A. collecting B. affectingC. guidingD. involving6. A. on B. in C. at D. of7. A. devoted B. exposed C. lostD. attracted8. A. along B. across C. downD. out9. A. imagined B. denied C. doubtedD. calculated江西研视界教育咨询有限公司10. A. served B. explainedC. restoredD. required11. A. Thus B. Still C. RatherD. Even12. A. defeats B. symptoms C. errorsD. tests13. A. highlighted B. minimizedC. controlledD. increased14. A. associated B. equippedC. presentedD. compared15. A. assess B. moderate C. generateD. record江西研视界教育咨询有限公司16. A. in the face ofB. in the form ofC. in the name ofD. in the way of17. A. attribute B. commitC. transferD. return18. A. unless B. because C. thoughD. until19. A. vanishes B. emerges C. remainsD. decreases20. A. experiences B. combinesC. justifiesD. Influences江西研视界教育咨询有限公司【答案】1.【B】Besides2.【C】connected3.【A】host4.【C】avoid5.【D】involving6.【A】on7.【B】exposed8.【C】down9.【D】calculated10.【B】explained11.【D】Even12.【B】symptoms江西研视界教育咨询有限公司13.【D】increased14.【A】associated15.【C】generate16.【A】in the face of17.【A】attribute18.【B】because19.【C】remains20.【D】influencesSection ⅡReading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four texts. Answe r the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.江西研视界教育咨询有限公司Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHE ET. (40 points)Text 1First two hours, now three hours -this is how far in advance author ities are recommendingpeople show up to catch a domestic flight, at least at some major U. S. airports with increasingly massive security lines.Americans are willing to tolerate ti me-consuming security procedures in r eturn for increasedsafety. The crash of EgyptAir Flight 804, which terrorists may have dow ned over theMediterranean Sea, provides another t ragic reminder of why. But demanding江西研视界教育咨询有限公司too much of airtravelers or providing too little se curity in return undermines public s upport for the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on A mericans’economic and private lives , not to mentioninfuriating.Last year, the Transportation Securit y Administration (TSA) found in a s ecret check thatundercover investigators were able to sneak weapons - both fake and rea l - past airport securitynearly every time they tried. Enhanc ed security measures since then, com bined with a rise inairline travel due to the improving江西研视界教育咨询有限公司economy and low oil prices, have resulted in long waits atmajor airports such as Chicago’s O'Hare International. It is not y et clear how much more effective airline security has become - but t he lines are obvious.Part of the issue is that the gove rnment did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel,so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lan es. Another factor may be that more people are trying tooverpack their carry-on bags to avoi d checked-baggage fees, though the a江西研视界教育咨询有限公司irlines strongly disputethis.There is one step the TSA could ta ke that would not require remodeling airports or rushing tohire: Enroll more people in the Pre Check program. PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win fortravelers and the TSA. Passengers wh o pass a background check are eligi ble to use expedited3江西研视界教育咨询有限公司screening lanes. This allows the TSA to focus on travelers who are hig her risk, saving time foreveryone involved. The TSA wants to enroll 25 million people in PreChe ck.It has not gotten anywhere close to that, and one big reason is stick er shock: Passengers mustpay $85 every five years to process their background checks. Since the beginning, this price tag江西研视界教育咨询有限公司has been PreCheck’s fatal flaw. Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a more reasona blelevel. But Congress should look into doing so directly, by helping to finance PreCheck enrollmentor to cut costs in other ways.The TSA cannot continue diverting re sources into underused PreCheck lanes while most ofthe traveling public suffers in unne cessary line's. It is long past time o make the program work.21. The crash of EgyptAir Flight 804 is mentioned to[A] stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide.江西研视界教育咨询有限公司[B] explain American’s tolerance of current security chec ks.[C] highlight the necessity of upgra ding major U.S. Airports.[D] emphasize the importance of priv acy protection.22. Which of the following contribut es to long waits at major airports?[A] New restrictions on carry-on bag s.[B] The declining efficiency of the TSA.[C] An increase in the number of t ravelers.[D] Frequent unexpected secret checks .23. The word “expedited”(Line 4,江西研视界教育咨询有限公司Para. 5) is closest in meaning to[A] quieter.[B] faster.[C] wider.[D] cheaper.24. One problem with the PreCheck p rogram is[A] a dramatic reduction of its sca le.[B] its wrongly-directed implementatio n.[C] the government’s reluctance to back it.[D] an unreasonable price for enroll ment.25. Which of the following would be江西研视界教育咨询有限公司the best title for the text?[A] Getting Stuck in Security Lines[B] PreCheck - a Belated Solution[C] Less Screening for More Safety[D] Underused PreCheck LanesText1【答案】21.【B】explain Americans' tolerance of curre nt security worldwide22.【C】An increase in the number of travel lers23.【D】faster24.【D】an unreasonble price for enrollment 25.【A】Less Screening for More Safety江西研视界教育咨询有限公司Text 2“The ancient Hawaiians are astronome rs”, wrote Queen Lilihuokalani, Hawi i’s last reigningmonarch, in 1987, Star watchers were among the most esteemed members of Hawaiian society.Sadly, all is not well with astrono my in Hawaii today. Protesters have erupt of over construction ofthe Thirty Meter Telescope(TMT), a g iantobservatory that promises to revo lutionize humanity’sview of cosmos.At the issue is the TMT’s planned location on Mauna Kea, a江西研视界教育咨询有限公司domant volcano worshiped by hsome Hawaiian aspoko, that connects the H awaiian Island to the heavens. But Mauna Kea is also hometo some of the world’s most powerful telescopes. Rested i n thePercific Ocean, Mauna Kea’s peakrises above the bulk of our planet’s dense atmosphere, where conditions allow telescopes to obtainimages of surpassed clarity.Oppositions to telescopes on Mauna K ea is nothing new. A small but voc al group of Hawaiiansand environmentalists have long viewe d their presence as disrespect for江西研视界教育咨询有限公司sacred land and a painfulreminder of occupation of what was ones a sovereign nation.Some blame for the current controver sy belongs to astronomers. In their eagerness to built bigger telescopes, they forgot that science is not the only way for understan ding the world. They did notalways prioritize the protection of Mauna Kea’s fragile ecosystems or its holiness to the islands’inhabitants. Hawaiian culture is not the relic of the past; it is a living culture undergoing a renaissance today.Yet science has a culture history,江西研视界教育咨询有限公司too, which roots going back to the dawn of civilization. The same curiosity to find what lies beyond the horizon that first brought clear ly Polynesians to Hawaii’sshores inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens. Calls to disa ssemble all telescopes onMauna Kea or to ban both seek to answer big questions about who we a re, where we come fromand where we are going. Perhaps tha t is why we explore the starry ski es. As if answering aprimary calling to know ourselves an d our true ancestral homes.The astronomy community is making co mprises to change its use of Mauna江西研视界教育咨询有限公司Kea. The TMT sitewas chosen to minimize the telescope ’s visibility around the island and to avoid archaeologicaland environmental impact. To limit t he number of telescopes on Mauna Ke a, old ones will beremoved at the end of their lifetim es and their sites retuned to a na tural state. There is no reasonwhy everyone cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace their cultural heritage and to studythe stars.26. Queen Liliuokalani’江西研视界教育咨询有限公司s remark in Paragraph 1 indicates [A]. her conservative view on the h istorical role of astronomy[B].the importance of astronomy in a ncient Hawaiian society[C].the regrettable decline of astron omy in ancient times[D].her appreciation of star watcher’s feats in her time27. Mauna Kea is deemed as an idea l astronomical site due to[A]. its geographical features[B].its protective surroundings[C]. its religious implication[D].its exciting infrastructure江西研视界教育咨询有限公司28. The construction of the TMT is opposed by some local partly becau se[A]. it may risk ruining the their intellectual life[B]. it remains them of a humiliati ng history[C]. their culture will lose a chan ce of revival[D].they fear losing control of Maun a Kea29. It can be inferred from Paragra ph 5 that progress in today’s astronomy[A]. is fulfilling the dreams of an cient Hawaiian[B]. helps spread Hawaiian culture a江西研视界教育咨询有限公司cross the world[C]. may cover the origin of Hawaii an culture[D].will eventually soften Hawaiians’history30. The author’s attitude towards choosing Mauna Ke a as the TMT site is one of[A]. severe criticism[B]. passive acceptance[C]. slight hesitancy[D]. full approvalText2【答案】26.【C】the regrettable decline of astronomy in ancient times27.【A】its geographical features江西研视界教育咨询有限公司28.【B】it reminds them of a humiliating hi story29.【C】may uncover the origin of Hawaiian culture30.【D】full approvalText 3Robert F. Kennedy once said that a country’s GDP measures “everything except t hat whichmakes life worthwhile.”With Britain voting to leave the European Union , and GDP alreadypredicted to slow as a result, it is now a timely moment to assess w江西研视界教育咨询有限公司hat he was referring to.The question of GDP and its usefuln ess has annoyed policymakers for ove r half a century.Many argue that it is a flawed con cept. It measures things that do no t matter and miss things thatdo. By most recent measures, the UK ’s GDP has been the envy of the We stern World, with recordlow unemployment and high growth fig ures. If everything was going so so well, then why didover 17million people vote for Brexi t, despite the warnings about what it could do to their江西研视界教育咨询有限公司country’s economic prospects?A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being shedssome light on that question. Across the 163 countries measured, the UK is one of the poorestperformers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningfu l improvement for itscitizens. Rather than just focusing on GDP, over 40 different sets of criteria from health, educationand civil society engagement have be en measured to get a more rounded assessment of howcountries are performing.江西研视界教育咨询有限公司While all of these countries face t heir own challenges, there are a nu mber of consistentthemes. Yes, there has been a buddi ng economic recovery since the 2008 global crash, but in keyindicators in areas such as health and education, major economies have continued to decline. Yetthis isn’t the case with all countries. Some relatively poor European countries have seen hugeimprovements across measures including civil society, income equality and the environment.This is a lesson that rich countrie s can learn: When GDP is no longer江西研视界教育咨询有限公司regarded as the solemeasure of a country’s success, the world looks very dif ferent.So, what Kennedy was referring to w as that while GDP h as been the m ost common methodfor measuring the economic activity of nations, as a measure, it is no longer enough. It does notinclude important factors such as en vironmental equality or education out comes - all things thatcontribute to a person’s sense of well-being.The sharp hit to growth predicted a江西研视界教育咨询有限公司round the world and in the UK coul d lead to a decline inthe everyday services we depend on for our well-being and for growth. But policymaker whorefocus efforts on improving well-bei ng rather than simply worrying about GDP figures couldavoid the forecasted doom and may e ven see progress.31. Robert F. Kennedy is cited beca use heA praised the UK for its GDP.B identified GDP with happiness.C misinterpreted the role of GDP.D had a low opinion of GDP.江西研视界教育咨询有限公司32. It can be inferred from Paragra ph 2 thatA the UK is reluctant to remold it s economic pattern.B the UK will contribute less to t he world economy.C GDP as the measure of success is widely defied in the UK.D policymaker in the UK are paying less attention to GDP.33. Which of the following is true about the recent annual study?A It excludes GDP as an indicator.B It is sponsored by 163 countries.C Its criteria are questionable.江西研视界教育咨询有限公司D Its result are enlightening.34. In the last two paragraphs, the author suggests thatA the UK is preparing for an econo mic boom.B high GDP foreshadows an economic decline.C it is essential to consider facto rs beyond GDP.D it requires caution to handle eco nomic issue.35. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A high GDP But Inadequate Well-being , a UK LessonB GDP Figures, a Window on Global江西研视界教育咨询有限公司Economic HealthC Robert F. Kennedy, a Terminator o f GDPD Brexit, the UK’s Gateway to Well-beingText3【答案】31.【D】Had a low opinion of GDP.32.【C】GDP as the measure of success is w idely defied in the UK.33.【A】Its results are enlightening.34.【C】It is essential to consider factors are beyond GDP.35.【A】High GDP But Inadequate Well-being,江西研视界教育咨询有限公司a UK Lesson.Text 4In a rare unanimous ruling, the US Supreme Court has overturned the c orruption conviction of aformer Virginia governor, Robert McDo nnell.But it did so while holding i ts nose at the ethics ofhis conduct, which included accepting gifts such as a Rolex watch anda Ferrari automobile from acompany seeking access to government. The high court’s decision said the judge in Mr.McD onnell’s trail failed to tell a jury that it must江西研视界教育咨询有限公司look only at his “official acts”, or the former governor’s decisions on “specific”and “un settled”issues related to his duties.Merely helping a gift-giver gain acc ess to other officials, unless done with clear intent topressure those officials, is not cor ruption, the justices found.The court did suggest that accepting favors in return for opening doors is “distasteful”and“nasty”. But under anti-bribery law s, proof must be made of concrete benefits, such as approval ofa contract or regulation. Simply arr江西研视界教育咨询有限公司anging a meeting, making a phone ca ll, or hosting an event isnot an an “official act”.The court’s ruling is legally sound in defini ng a kind of favoritism that is no t criminal. Electedleaders must be allowed to help sup porters deal with bureaucratic proble ms without fear ofprosecution for bribery. “The basic compact underlying representative go vernment,”wrote ChiefJustice John Robert for the court, “assumes that public officials will hear from their constituents江西研视界教育咨询有限公司and act on their concerns.”But the ruling reinforces the need for citizens and their elected repre sentatives, not the courts, to ensure equality of access to governm ent. Officials must not be allowed to play favorites inproviding information or in arranging meetings simply because an individu al or group provides acampaign donation or a personal gift . This type of integrity requires w ell-enforced laws ingovernment transparency, such as reco rds of official meetings, rules on lobbying, and informationabout each elected leader’江西研视界教育咨询有限公司s sources of wealth.Favoritism in official access can fa n public perceptions of corruption. But it is not alwayscorruption.Rather officials must avoid double standards, or different type s of access for averagepeople and the wealthy. If connectio ns can be bought, a basic premise of democratic society---thatall are equal in treatment by gover nment---is undermined. Good governance rests on anunderstanding of the inherent worth of each individual.The court’江西研视界教育咨询有限公司s ruling is a step forward in the struggle against both corruption an d officialfavoritism.36.The underlined sentence(Para.1) mos t probably shows that the courtA avoided defining the extent of Mc Donnell’s duties.B made no compromise in convicting McDonnell.C was contemptuous of McDonnell’s conduct.D refused to comment on McDonnell’s ethics.37 According to Paragraph 4, an off江西研视界教育咨询有限公司icial act is deemed corruptive only if it involvesA concrete returns for gift-givers.B sizable gains in the form of gif ts.C leaking secrets intentionally.D breaking contracts officially.38 The court’s ruling is based on the assumption that public officials areA allowed to focus on the concerns of their supporters.B qualified to deal independently wi th bureaucratic issues.C justified in addressing the needs of their constituents.江西研视界教育咨询有限公司D exempt from conviction on the cha rge of favoritism.39Well-enforced laws in government tr ansparency are needed toA awaken the conscience of officials .B guarantee fair play in official a ccess.Callow for certain kinds of lobbying .D inspire hopes in average people.40 The author’s attitude toward the court’s ruling isA sarcastic.江西研视界教育咨询有限公司B tolerant.C skepticalD supportiveText4【答案】36.【B】made no compromise in convicting McD onnell37.【A】concrete returns for the gift-givers 38.【A】allowed to focus on the concerns of their supporters39.【B】guarantee fair play in official acce ss40.【D】supportive江西研视界教育咨询有限公司Part BDirections:The following paragraphs are given i n a wrong order. For questions 41-4 5, you are required torecognize these paragraphs into a co herent text by choosing from the li st A-G and filling them intothe numbered boxes. Paragraphs B and D have been correctly placed. Mark you answers on theANSWER SHEET.(10 points)[A]The first published sketch, “A D inner at Polar Walk”brought tears江西研视界教育咨询有限公司to Dickens’s eyes when he discovered it in the pages of The Monthly Magazine. From then on his sketches, which appearedunder the pen name “Boz”in The Evening Chronicle, earned him a mode st reputation.[B]The runaway success of The Pickwi ck Papers, as it is generally known today, securedDickens’s fame. There were Pickwick coats a nd Pickwick cigars, and the plump, spectacledhero,Samuel Pickwick, became a nation al figure.[C]Soon after Sketches by Boz appear ed, a publishing firm approached Dic江西研视界教育咨询有限公司kens to write a story inmonthly installments, as a backdrop for a series of woodcuts by the th en-famous artist RobertSeymour, who had originated the idea for the story. With characteristic confidence, Dickenssuccessfully insisted that Seymour’s pictures illustrate his own story instead. After the first installment,Dickens wrote to his pose .Seymour made the change,went into h is backyard, andexpressed his displeasure by committi ng suicide. Dickens and his publishe rs simply pressed onwith a new artist. The comic novel, The Posthumous Papers of the Pickw江西研视界教育咨询有限公司ick Club, appearedserially in 1836 and 1837 and was first published in book form in 1837.[D]Charles Dickens is probably the b est-known and, to many people, the greatest English novelistof the 19th century. A moralist, sa tirist, and social reformer, Dickens cafted complex plots andstriking characters that capture the panorama of English society.[E]Soon after his father’s release from prison,Dickens got a better job as errand boy in law offices.He taught himself shorthand to get on even better job later as a cour。
2017年考研英语一text 4 长难句
主题：2017年考研英语一text 4 长难句分析一、背景介绍2017年考研英语一text 4是一篇关于石油资源的文章，其中包含多个长难句。
长难句在考研英语中是一个重要的考点，很多考生在应对长难句时感到困惑，因此对该篇文章的长难句进行分析有助于考生更好地掌握相关知识点。
二、长难句分析1. 第一段第一句"Mesopotamia, now the southern part of Iraq, will be seen in years toe as the birthplace not only of cities and writing but also of the modern petroleum industry－－a story brightly and solidly told in Daniel Yergin's new book, The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money, and Power."这是一句包含多个限定性定语从句和并列结构的复杂句子。
在长难句中，有多个限定性定语从句修饰名词“Mesopotamia”，其中包括“now the southern part of Iraq”和“brightly and solidly told in Daniel Yergin's new book, The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money, and Power”。
2. 第二段第一句"Today, the reach of Middle Eastern turmoil－－ending in the Gulf War－－and the larger threat of conflagration in the region have forced the oil industry and the consuming countries to rethink the world in terms of risk and reliability."这是一句包含多个介词短语修饰和并列结构的长难句。
2017英语一text4 -回复
2017英语一text4 -回复让我们来写一篇1500-2000字的文章，主题是2017英语一text4。
首先，让我们回顾一下这篇文章的主要内容。
2017年英语一的text4题目为《互联网和人类梦想》，通过讨论互联网对人们生活的影响，以及互联网对于个人和社会梦想的作用，引出互联网时代下人们对未来的期待与梦想。
接下来，我们可以按照以下步骤来进行文章的写作：第一步：引言部分- 在引言部分，我们可以提出互联网的快速发展对人们生活产生了深远影响的论点，并指出互联网时代给人们带来了更多的选择和可能性。
第二步：互联网对人们生活的影响- 在这一部分，我们可以详细描述互联网给人们带来的便利性和效率提升，例如在线购物、在线教育和远程办公等。
- 同时，我们也要提到互联网对人们日常交流和社交方式的改变，例如社交媒体的兴起和即时通讯工具的普及。
我们可以讨论这种新的交流方式对人际关系和社会互动的影响。
第三步：互联网对个人和社会梦想的作用- 这一部分，我们可以论述互联网为个人和社会梦想的实现提供了更多机会和平台。
- 我们可以以创业为例，讨论互联网为创业者提供了更广阔的市场和更低的创业门槛，从而帮助他们实现梦想。
- 同时，我们还可以探讨互联网对社会变革和进步的推动作用，例如网络众筹和在线志愿者行动等，这些都是互联网为社会梦想的实现提供了新的渠道。
第四步：互联网时代下人们的期待和梦想- 在这一部分，我们可以讨论人们对互联网时代的期待和梦想。
例如，人们期待通过互联网实现更高的工作效率和生活质量，期待互联网能够为社会带来更多公平和机会平等的改变。
- 同时，我们也可以谈到人们对于互联网安全和隐私保护的担忧，以及他们希望互联网能够更好地解决这些问题的期待。
第五步：总结部分- 在总结部分，我们可以强调互联网时代对人们梦想的影响和作用，并强调互联网给人们带来更多的选择和机会。
- 我们还可以表达对于互联网的未来发展和潜力的看法，并指出人们应该充分利用互联网的力量，为自己的梦想奋斗。
17年英语一text4 -回复
17年英语一text4 -回复"How can English learners improve their writing skills?"Writing is often considered one of the most challenging skills for English learners to master. However, with dedication and practice, anyone can become a proficient writer. In this article, I will explore various strategies and techniques that English learners can employ to improve their writing skills.Before diving into the specifics, it is important to emphasize the significance of reading extensively. Reading widely exposes learners to different writing styles, vocabulary, and grammar structures, which are essential for effective writing. By developing a habit of reading, learners can absorb the nuances of the language and incorporate them into their own writing. Reading also provides inspiration and helps learners develop their critical thinking skills, enabling them to express their ideas more coherently.Once learners have established a strong reading foundation, they can start focusing on specific aspects of writing. One crucial element to pay attention to is vocabulary. Expanding one's vocabulary will not only enhance their writing but also help themconvey their thoughts with more precision. Learners can achieve this by utilizing word banks, making use of a thesaurus, and learning and applying collocations. Additionally, they should strive to learn new words in context, rather than simply memorizing definitions. Vocabulary-building exercises, such as word association games and flashcards, can also be valuable tools in this process.Another key aspect of writing is sentence structure and grammar. Many English learners struggle with constructing grammatically correct sentences. To address this, learners should familiarize themselves with common grammatical patterns and sentence structures. This can be accomplished through completing grammar exercises, reviewing grammar rules, and engaging in structured writing tasks. Advanced learners can also benefit from studying sentence variety and incorporating more complex sentence structures into their writing. Writing tutors, online resources, and grammar textbooks can provide valuable guidance in this area.In addition to vocabulary and grammar, mastering paragraph organization is crucial for effective writing. Paragraphs should be coherent and focused, with each one presenting a central ideasupported by appropriate evidence or examples. Learners can improve their paragraphing skills by analyzing well-structured essays, practicing paragraph outlining, and seeking feedback from teachers or peers. They should ensure that each paragraph starts with a clear topic sentence, followed by supporting sentences, and ends with a concluding sentence that transitions smoothly to the next paragraph.Another strategy that can significantly enhance writing skills is engaging in frequent writing practice. Learners should set aside dedicated time daily or weekly to write in English. They can write about a variety of topics, such as personal experiences, current events, or opinion pieces. Journaling is an effective way to practice written expression regularly. Additionally, learners can seek feedback on their writing, either from a native speaker or an English teacher. This feedback can help learners identify areas of improvement and gain insights into their writing style, clarity, and coherence.Lastly, revising and editing are integral components of the writing process. Learners should allocate time to review and refine their writing after completing a draft. This includes checking forgrammar and punctuation errors, eliminating redundancy, and ensuring the overall coherence of the piece. Revising can often be a collaborative effort. Learners can participate in peer editing sessions or seek expert guidance to receive valuable feedback on their work.In conclusion, improving writing skills requires a combination of dedication, practice, and a systematic approach. By immersing themselves in reading, expanding their vocabulary, understanding grammar rules, organizing paragraphs effectively, engaging in regular writing practice, and revising diligently, English learners can significantly enhance their written communication abilities. With perseverance and determination, anyone can become a proficient writer in the English language.。
考研英语一真题手译阅读2017-Text4
2- The high court’s decision said the judge in Mr. McDonnell’s trail failed to tell a jury that it must look only at his “official acts,” or the former governor’s decisions on “specific” and “unsettled” issues related to his duties.
If connections can be bought, a basic premise of democratic society – that all are equal in treatment by government - is undermined.
Good government rests on an understanding of the inherent worth of each individual.
4- The court did suggest that accepting favors in return for opening doors is “distasteful” and “nasty.” But under anti-bribery laws, proof must be made of concrete benefits, such as approval of a contract or regulation.
英语一阅读2017-1 Text 4
Simply arranging a meeting,making a phone call,or hosting an event is not an“official act.”5-The court’s ruling is legally sound in defining a kind of favoritism that is not criminal.Elected leaders must be allowed to help supporters deal with bureaucratic problems without fear of prosecution of bribery.“The basic compact underlying representative government,”wrote Chief Justice John Roberts for the court,“assumes that public officials will hear from their constituents and act on their concerns.”6-But the ruling reinforces the need for citizens and their elected representatives,not the courts,to ensure equality of access to government.Officials must not be allowed to play favorites in providing information or in arranging meetings simply because an individual or group provides a campaign donation or a personal gift.This type of integrity requires will-enforced laws in government transparency,such as records of official meetings,rules on lobbying,and information about each elected leader’s source of wealth.7-Favoritism in official access can fan public perceptions of corruption.But it is not always corruption.Rather officials must avoid double standards,or different types of access for average people and the wealthy.If connections can be bought,a basic premise of democratic society–that all are equal in treatment by government-is undermined.Good government rests on an understanding of the inherent worth of each individual.8-The court’s ruling is a step forward in the struggle against both corruption and official favoritism.36.The underlined sentence(Para.1)most probably shows that the court____.[A]avoided defining the extent of McDonnell’s duties.[B]made no compromise in convicting McDonnell.[C]was contemptuous of McDonnell’s conduct.[D]refused to comment on McDonnell’s ethics.37.According to Paragraph4,an official act is deemed corruptive only if it involves____.[A]concrete returns for gift-givers.[B]sizable gains in the form of gifts.[C]leaking secrets intentionally.[D]breaking contracts officially.。
17年英语一text4
17年英语一text4（实用版）目录1.引言：介绍英语一 text4 的内容和主题2.文章概述：概括文章的主要观点和结构3.文章细节：详细分析文章的每个段落4.结论：总结文章的主要观点和结论5.展望：对文章的未来发展进行展望正文1.引言英语一 text4 是一篇关于人类社会与自然环境之间关系的文章。
文章主要讨论了人类对自然环境的影响，以及如何保护自然环境。
在这篇文章中，我们将详细分析文章的主要观点和结论。
2.文章概述文章主要分为四个部分。
第一部分介绍了人类社会与自然环境之间的相互作用。
第二部分探讨了人类活动对自然环境的影响。
第三部分讨论了如何保护自然环境。
第四部分总结了文章的主要观点和结论。
3.文章细节在第一部分中，文章阐述了人类社会与自然环境之间的密切联系。
人类社会依赖于自然环境，而自然环境也受到人类社会的影响。
文章通过举例说明，人类对自然资源的过度开发和污染已经对自然环境造成了严重的破坏。
在第二部分中，文章详细介绍了人类活动对自然环境的影响。
这些影响包括气候变化、水资源短缺、土地荒漠化等。
文章强调，如果不采取有效措施，这些影响将对人类社会造成灾难性的后果。
在第三部分中，文章探讨了如何保护自然环境。
文章提出了一系列建议，包括减少碳排放、节约水资源、保护生物多样性等。
文章认为，只有通过国际合作和全球共同努力，才能有效保护自然环境。
在第四部分中，文章总结了上述观点和结论。
文章强调，人类社会与自然环境之间的关系是相互依存的。
为了保护自然环境，人类需要采取积极措施，减少对自然环境的破坏。
同时，国际合作和全球共同努力至关重要。
4.结论通过分析英语一 text4，我们了解到人类社会与自然环境之间的密切关系，以及人类活动对自然环境的影响。
为了保护自然环境，我们需要采取一系列措施，包括减少碳排放、节约水资源、保护生物多样性等。
同时，国际合作和全球共同努力至关重要。
5.展望在未来，随着科技的发展和人类对自然环境认识的深入，我们相信人类能够更好地保护自然环境，实现可持续发展。
2017年英语一真题(阅读理解部分)
2017年Text 11--- First two hours, now three hours —this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight, at least at some major U.S. airports with increasingly massive security lines.2--- Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security protocols in return for increased safety. The crash of EgyptAir Flight 804, which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea, provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on Americans' economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating.3--- Last year, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons — both fake and real — past airport security nearly every time they tried. Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving economy and low oil prices, have resulted in long waits at major airports such as Chicago's O'Hare International. It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become — but the lines are obvious.4--- Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel, so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another factor may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines strongly dispute this.5--- There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodelling airports or rushing to hire: Enroll more people in the PreCheck program. PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes. This allows the TSA to focus on travelers who are higher risk, saving time for everyone involved. TSA wants to enroll 25 million people in PreCheck.6--- It has not gotten anywhere close to that, and one big reason is sticker shock: Passengers must pay $85 every five years to process their background checks. Since the beginning, this price tag has been PreCheck's fatal flaw. Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable level. But Congress should look into doing so directly, by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.7--- The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes while most of the travelling public suffers in unnecessary lines. It is long past time to make the program work.21. The crash of EgyptAir Flight 804 is mentioned to[A] explain American’s tolerance of current se curity checks.[B] stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide.[C] highlight the necessity of upgrading major U.S. airports.[D] emphasize the importance of privacy protection.22. Which of the following contributes to long waits at major airports?[A] New restrictions on carry-on bags.[B] The declining efficiency of the TSA.[C] An increase in the number of travellers.[D] Frequent unexpected secret checks.23. The word “expedited” (Liner 4, Para. 5) is closet in meaning to[A] quieter. [B] cheaper. [C] wider. [D] faster.24. One problem with the PreCheck program is[A] a dramatic reduction of its scale.[B] its wrongly-directed implementation.[C] the government’s reluctance to back it.[D] an unreasonable price for enrollment.25. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] Less Screening for More Safety[B] PreCheck – a Belated Solution[C] Getting Stuck in Security Lines[D] Underused PreCheck Lanes2017年Text 21---“The ancient Hawaiians were astronomers,”wrote Queen Liliuokalani, Hawaii's last reigning monarch, in 1897. Star watchers were among the most esteemed members of Hawaiian society. Sadly, all is not well with astronomy in Hawaii today. Protests have erupted over construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT), a giant observatory that promises to revolutionize humanity's view of the cosmos.2---At issue is the TMT's planned location on Mauna Kea, a dormant volcano worshiped by some Hawaiians as the piko, that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens. But Mauna Kea is also home to some of the world's most powerful telescopes. Rested in the Pacific Ocean, Mauna Kea's peak rises above the bulk of our planet's dense atmosphere, where conditions allow telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity.3---Opposition to telescopes on Mauna Kea is nothing new. A small but vocal group of Hawaiians and environmentalists have long viewed their presence as disrespect for sacred land and a painful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation.4---Some blame for the current controversy belongs to astronomers. In their eagerness to build bigger telescopes, they forgot that science is not the only way of understanding the world. They did not always prioritize the protection of Mauna Kea's fragile ecosystems or its holiness to the islands' inhabitants. Hawaiian culture is not a relic of the past; it is a living culture undergoing a renaissance today.5--- Yet science has a cultural history, too, with roots going back to the dawn of civilization. The same curiosity to find what lies beyond the horizon that first brought early Polynesians to Hawaii's shores inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens. Calls to disassemble all telescopes on Mauna Kea or to ban future development there ignore the reality that astronomy and Hawaiian culture both seek to answer big questions about who we are, where we come from and where we are going. Perhaps that is why we explore the starry skies, as if answering a primal calling to know ourselves and our true ancestral homes.6---The astronomy community is making compromises to change its use of Mauna Kea. The TMT site was chosen to minimize the telescope’s visibility around the island and to avoid archaeological and environmental impact. To limit the number of telescopes on Mauna Kea, old ones will be removed at the end of their lifetimes and their sites returned to a natural state. There is no reason why everyone cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace their cultural heritage and to study the stars.26. Queen Liliuokalani’s remark in Paragraph 1 indicates[A] her conservative view on the historical role of astronomy.[B] the importance of astronomy in ancient Hawaiian society.[C] the regrettable decline of astronomy in ancient times.[D] her appreciation of star watchers’ feats in her time.27. Mauna Kea is deemed as an ideal astronomical site due to[A] its geographical features.[B] its protective surroundings.[C] its religious implications.[D] its existing infrastructure.28. The construction of the TMT is opposed by some locals partly because[A] it may risk ruining their intellectual life.[B] it reminds them of a humiliating history.[C] their culture will lose a chance of revival.[D] they fear losing control of Mauna Kea.29. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that progress in today’s astronomy[A] is fulfilling the dreams of ancient Hawaiians.[B] helps spread Hawaiian culture across the world.[C] may uncover the origin of Hawaiian culture.[D] will eventually soften Hawaiians’ hostility.30. The author’s attitude toward choosing Mauna Kea as the TMT site is one of[A] severe criticism.[B] passive acceptance.[C] slight hesitancy.[D] full approval.2017年Text 31---Robert F. Kennedy once said that a country's GDP measures “everything except that which makes life worthwhile.” With Britain voting to leave the European Union, and GDP already predicted to slow as a result, it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.2---The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century. Many argue that it is a flawed concept. It measures things that do not matter and misses things that do. By most recent measure s, the UK’s GDP has been the envy of the Western world, with record low unemployment and high growth figures. If everything was going so well, then why did over 17 million people vote for Brexit, despite the warnings about what it could do to their country’s economic prospects?3---A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on that question. Across the 163 countries measured, the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvements for its citizens. Rather than just focusing on GDP, over 40 different sets of criteria from health, education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing.4---While all of these countries face their own challenges, there are a number of consistent themes. Yes, there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008 global crash, but in key indicators in areas such as health and education, major economies have continued to decline. Yet this isn’t the case with all countries. Some relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements across measures including civil society, income equality and environment.5---This is a lesson that rich countries can learn: When GDP is no longer regarded as the sole measure of a country’s success, the world looks very different.6---So what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations, as a measure, it is no longer enough. It does not include important factors such as environmental quality or education outcomes –all things that contribute to a person's sense of well-being.7---The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a declinein the everyday services we depend on for our well-being and for growth. But policymakers who refocus efforts on improving well-being rather than simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress.31. Robert F. Kennedy is cited because he[A] praised the UK for its GDP.[B] identified GDP with happiness.[C] misinterpreted the role of GDP.[D] had a low opinion of GDP.32. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that[A] the UK is reluctant to remold its economic pattern.[B] the UK will contribute less to the world economy.[C] GDP as the measure of success is widely defied in the UK.[D] policymakers in the UK are paying less attention to GDP.33. Which of the following is true about the recent annual study?[A] It excludes GDP as an indicator.[B] It is sponsored by 163 countries.[C] Its criteria are questionable.[D] Its results are enlightening.34. In the last two paragraphs, the author suggests that[A] the UK is preparing for an economic boom.[B] high GDP foreshadows an economic decline.[C] it is essential to consider factors beyond GDP.[D] it requires caution to handle economic issues.35. Which of the following is the best title for the text?[A] High GDP But Inadequate Well-being, a UK lesson[B] GDP figures, a Window on Global Economic Health[C] Robert F. Kennedy, a Terminator of GDP[D] Brexit, the UK’s Gateway to Well-being2017年Text 41---In a rare unanimous ruling, the US Supreme Court has overturned the corruption conviction of a former Virginia governor, Robert McDonnell. But it did so while holding its nose at the ethics of his conduct, which included accepting gifts such as a Rolex watch and a Ferrari Automobile from a company seeking access to government.2---The high court’s decision said the judge in Mr. McDonnell’s trail failed to tell a jury that it must look only at his “official acts,”or the former governor’s decisions on “specific”and “unsettled” issues related to his duties.3---Merely helping a gift-giver gain access to other officials, unless done with clear intent to pressure those officials, is not corruption, the justices found.4---The court did suggest that accepting favors in return for opening doors is “distasteful”and “nasty.”But under anti-bribery laws, proof must be made of concrete benefits, such as approval of a contract or regulation. Simply arranging a meeting, making a phone call, or hosting an event is not an “official act.”5---The court’s ruling is legally sound in defining a kind of favoritism that is not criminal. Elected leaders must be allowed to help supporters deal with bureaucratic problems without fear of prosecution of bribery. “The basic compact underlying representative government,”wrote Chief Justice John Roberts for the court, “assumes that public officials will hear from their constituents and act on their concerns.”6---But the ruling reinforces the need for citizens and their elected representatives, not the courts, to ensure equality of access to government. Officials must not be allowed to play favorites in providing information or in arranging meetings simply because an individual or group provides a campaign donation or a personal gift. This type of integrity requires will-enforced laws in government transparency, such as records of official meetings, rules on lobbying, and information about each elected leader’s source of wealth.7---Favoritism in official access can fan public perceptions of corruption. But it is not always corruption. Rather officials must avoid double standards, or different types of access for average people and the wealthy. If connections can be bought, a basic premise of democratic society – that all are equal in treatment by government- is undermined. Good government rests on an understanding of the inherent worth of each individual.8---The court’s ruling is a step forward in the struggle against both corruption and official favoritism.36. The underlined sentence (Para.1) most probably shows that the court[A] avoided defining the extent of McDonnell’s duties.[B] made no compromise in convicting McDonnell.[C] was contemptuous of McDonnell’s conduct.[D] refused to comment on McDonnell’s ethics.37. According to Paragraph 4, an official act is deemed corruptive only if it involves[A] concrete returns for gift-givers.[B] sizable gains in the form of gifts.[C] leaking secrets intentionally.[D] breaking contracts officially.38. The court’s ruling is based on the assumption that public officials are[A] allowed to focus on the concerns of their supporters.[B] qualified to deal independently with bureaucratic issues.[C] justified in addressing the needs of their constituents.[D] exempt from conviction on the charge of favoritism.39. Well-enforced laws in government transparency are needed to[A] awaken the conscience of officials.[B] guarantee fair play in official access.[C] allow for certain kinds of lobbying.[D] inspire hopes in average people.40. The author’s attitude toward the court’s ruling is[A] sarcastic. [B] tolerant. [C] skeptical. [D] supportive.。
2017年考研英语一试卷真题(后附答案详解)
2017年考研英语一真题原文及答案解析完整版SectionⅠUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank andmark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)Could a hug a day keep the doctor away?The answer may be aresounding"yes!"_____（1）helping you feel close and_____（2）to people you careabout,it turns out that hugs can bring a_____（3）of health benefits to your body andmind.Believe it or not,a warm embrace might even help you_____（4）getting sick thiswinter.In a recent study_____（5）over 400 healthy adults,researchers from CarnegieMellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social supportand the receipt of hugs_____（6）the participants' susceptibility to developing thecommon cold after being_____（7）to the virus.People who perceived greater socialsupport were less likely to come_____（8）with a cold,and the researchers_____（9）that the stress-reducing effects of hugging_____（10）about 32 percent of thatbeneficial effect._____（11）among those who got a cold,the ones who felt greater（12）.social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe_____（13）risk for colds "Hugging protects people who are under stress from the_____that's usually_____（14）with stress,"notes Sheldon Cohen,a professor of psychologyat Carnegie,Hugging"is a marker of intimacy and help_____（15）the feeling thatothers are there to help_____（16）difficulty."Some experts_____（17）the stress-reducing,health-related benefits of hugging tothe release of oxytocin,often called"the bonding hormone"_____（18）it promotes attachment in relationships,including that between mothers and their newbornbabies.Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain,and some of itis released into the bloodstream.But some of it_____（19）in the brain,where it_____（20）mood,behavior and physiology.1.A．Besides B．Unlike C．Throughout D．Despite2.A．equal B．restricted C．connected D．inferior3.A．view B．Host C．lesson D．choice4.A．avoid B．forget C．recall D．keep5.A．collecting B．affecting C．guiding D．involving6.A．on B．in C．at D．of7.A．devoted B．attracted C．lost D．exposed8.A．along B．across C．down D．out9.A．imagined B．denied C．doubted D．calculated10.A．served B．Restored C．explained D．required11.A．Thus B．Still C．Rather D．Even12.A．defeats B．symptoms C．errors D．tests13.A．Highlighted B．increased C．controlled D．minimized14.A．Presented B．equipped C．associated D．compared15.A．assess B．Generate C．moderate D．record16.A．in the name of B．in the form of C．in the face of D．in the way of17.A．attribute B．commit C．transfer D．return18.A．unless B．because C．though D．until19.A．remains B．emerges C．vanishes D．decreases20.A．experiences B．combines C．justifies D．influencesSectionⅡReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosingA,B,C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.（40 points）Text 1First two hours,now three hours—this is how far in advance authorities arerecommending people show up to catch a domestic flight,at least at some majorU.S.airports with increasingly massive security lines.Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security protocols in return forincreased safety.The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804,which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea,provides another tragic reminder of why.But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process.And it should:Wasted time is a drag on Americans' economic and private lives,not to mention infuriating.Last year,the Transportation Security Administration(TSA)found in a secret—both fake and real check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons—past airport security nearly every time they tried.Enhanced security measures since then,combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving economy and low oil prices,have resulted in long waits at major airports such as Chicago's O'Hare International.It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become —but the lines are obvious.Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel,so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line.Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes.Another factor may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoidchecked-baggage fees,though the airlines strongly dispute this.There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire:Enroll more people in the PreCheck program.PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA.Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes.This allows the TSA to focus on travelers who are higher risk,saving time for everyone involved.TSA wants to enroll 25 million people in PreCheck.It has not gotten anywhere close to that,and one big reason is stickershock:Passengers must pay$85 every five years to process their background checks.Since the beginning,this price tag has been PreCheck's fatal flaw.Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable level.But Congress should look into doing so directly,by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck laneswhile most of the traveling public suffers in unnecessary lines.It is long past time to make the program work.21.The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804 is mentioned to[A]explain American’s tolerance of current security checks.[B]stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide.[C]highlight the necessity of upgrading major U.S.airports.[D]emphasize the importance of privacy protection.22.Which of the following contributes to long waits at major airports?[A]New restrictions on carry-on bags.[B]The declining efficiency of the TSA.[C]An increase in the number of travellers.[D]Frequent unexpected secret checks.23.The word“expedited”(Liner 4,Para.5)is closet in meaning to[A]quieter.[B]cheaper.[C]wider.[D]faster.24.One problem with the PreCheck program is[A]a dramatic reduction of its scale.[B]its wrongly-directed implementation.[C]the government’s reluctance to back it.[D]an unreasonable price for enrollment.25.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A]Less Screening for More Safety[B]PreCheck–a Belated Solution[C]Getting Stuck in Security Lines[D]Underused PreCheck LanesText 2“The ancient Hawaiians were astronomers,”wrote Queen Liliuokalani,Hawaii's last reigning monarch,in 1897.Star watchers were among the most esteemed membersof Hawaiian society.Sadly,all is not well with astronomy in Hawaii today.Protestshave erupted over construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope(TMT),a giant observatory that promises to revolutionize humanity's view of the cosmos.At issue is the TMT's planned location on Mauna Kea,a dormant volcano worshiped by some Hawaiians as the piko,that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens.But Mauna Kea is also home to some of the world's most powerful telescopes.Rested in the Pacific Ocean,Mauna Kea's peak rises above the bulk of our planet's dense atmosphere,where conditions allow telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity.Opposition to telescopes on Mauna Kea is nothing new.A small but vocal group of Hawaiians and environmentalists have long viewed their presence as disrespect far sacred land and a painful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation.Some blame for the current controversy belongs to astronomers.In their eagerness to build bigger telescopes,they forgot that science is not the only way of understanding the world.They did not always prioritize the protection of Mauna Kea's fragile ecosystems or its holiness to the islands'inhabitants.Hawaiian culture is not a relic of the past；it is a living culture undergoing a renaissance today.Yet science has a cultural history,too,with roots going back to the dawn of civilization.The same curiosity to find what lies beyond the horizon that first brought early Polynesians to Hawaii's shores inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens.Calls to disassemble all telescopes on Mauna Kea or to ban future development there ignore the reality that astronomy and Hawaiian culture both seek to answer big questions about who we are,where we come from and where we are going.Perhaps that is why we explore the starry skies,as if answering a primal calling to know ourselves and our true ancestral homes.The astronomy community is making compromises to change its use of Mauna Kea.The TMT site was chosen to minimize the telescope’s visibility around the island and to avoid archaeological and environmental impact.To limit the number of telescopes on Mauna Kea,old ones will be removed at the end of their lifetimes andtheir sites returned to a natural state.There is no reason why everyone cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace their cultural heritage and to study the stars.26.Queen Liliuokalani’s remark in Paragraph 1 indicates[A]her conservative view on the historical role of astronomy.[B]the importance of astronomy in ancient Hawaiian society.[C]the regrettable decline of astronomy in ancient times.[D]her appreciation of star watchers’ feats in her time.27.Mauna Kea is deemed as an ideal astronomical site due to[A]its geographical features.[B]its protective surroundings.[C]its religious implications.[D]its existing infrastructure.28.The construction of the TMT is opposed by some locals partly because[A]it may risk ruining their intellectual life.[B]it reminds them of a humiliating history.[C]their culture will lose a chance of revival.[D]they fear losing control of Mauna Kea.29.It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that progress in today’s astronomy[A]is fulfilling the dreams of ancient Hawaiians.[B]helps spread Hawaiian culture across the world.[C]may uncover the origin of Hawaiian culture.[D]will eventually soften Hawaiians’hostility.30.The author’s attitude toward choosing Mauna Kea as the TMT site is one of[A]severe criticism.[B]passive acceptance.[C]slight hesitancy.[D]full approval.Text 3“everything except Robert F.Kennedy once said that a country's GDP measuresthat which makes life worthwhile.”With Britain voting to leave the EuropeanUnion,and GDP already predicted to slow as a result,it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century.Many argue that it is a flawed concept.It measures things that do not matter’s GDP has been the envy and misses things that do.By most recent measures,the UKof the Western world,with record low unemployment and high growth figures.If everything was going so well,then why did over 17 million people vote forBrexit,despite the warnings about what it could do to their country’s economic prospects?A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth intowell-being sheds some light on that question.Across the 163 countries measured,the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvements for its citizens.Rather than just focusing on GDP,over 40 different sets of criteria from health,education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing.While all of these countries face their own challenges,there are a number of consistent themes.Yes,there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008 global crash,but in key indicators in areas such as health and education,major economies have continued to decline.Yet this isn’t the case with all countries.Some relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements across measures including civil society,income equality and environment.This is a lesson that rich countries can learn:When GDP is no longer regarded as the sole measure of a country’s success,the world looks very different.So what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations,as a measure,it is no longer enough.It does not include important factors such as environmental quality or education outcomes–all things that contribute to a person's sense of well-being.The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a decline in the everyday services we depend on for our well-being and for growth.Butpolicymakers who refocus efforts on improving well-being rather than simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress.31.Robert F.Kennedy is cited because he[A]praised the UK for its GDP.[B]identified GDP with happiness.[C]misinterpreted the role of GDP.[D]had a low opinion of GDP.32.It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that[A]the UK is reluctant to remold its economic pattern.[B]the UK will contribute less to the world economy.[C]GDP as the measure of success is widely defied in the UK.[D]policymakers in the UK are paying less attention to GDP.33.Which of the following is true about the recent annual study?[A]It excludes GDP as an indicator.[B]It is sponsored by 163 countries.[C]Its criteria are questionable.[D]Its results are enlightening.34.In the last two paragraphs,the author suggests that[A]the UK is preparing for an economic boom.[B]high GDP foreshadows an economic decline.[C]it is essential to consider factors beyond GDP.[D]it requires caution to handle economic issues.35.Which of the following is the best for the text?[A]High GDP But Inadequate Well-being,a UK lesson[B]GDP figures,a Window on Global Economic Health[C]Robert F.Kennedy,a Terminator of GDP[D]Brexit,the UK’s Gateway to Well-beingText 4In a rare unanimous ruling,the US Supreme Court has overturned the corruptionconviction of a former Virginia governor,Robert McDonnell.But it did so whileholding its nose at the ethics of his conduct,which included accepting gifts such as a Rolex watch and a Ferrari Automobile from a company seeking access to government.The high court’s decision said the judge in Mr.McDonnell’s trail failed to tell a jury that it must look only at his“official acts,”or the former governor’s decisions on “specific”and“unsettled”issues related to his duties.Merely helping a gift-giver gain access to other officials,unless done with clear intent to pressure those officials,is not corruption,the justices found.The court did suggest that accepting favors in return for opening doors is “distasteful”and“nasty.”But under anti-bribery laws,proof must be made of concrete benefits,such as approval of a contract or regulation.Simply arranging ameeting,making a phone call,or hosting an event is not an“official act.”The court’s ruling is legally sound in defining a kind of favoritism that is not criminal.Elected leaders must be allowed to help supporters deal with bureaucratic problems without fear of prosecution of bribery.“The basic compact underlying representative government,”wrote Chief Justice John Roberts for the court,“assumes that public officials will hear from their constituents and act on their concerns.”But the ruling reinforces the need for citizens and their elected representatives,not the courts,to ensure equality of access to government.Officials must not be allowed to play favorites in providing information or in arranging meetings simply because an individual or group provides a campaign donation or a personal gift.This type of integrity requires will-enforced laws in government transparency,such as records of official meetings,rules on lobbying,and information about each elected leader’s source of wealth.Favoritism in official access can fan public perceptions of corruption.But it is not always corruption.Rather officials must avoid double standards,or different types of access for average people and the wealthy.If connections can be bought,a basic premise of democratic society–that all are equal in treatment by government-is undermined.Good government rests on an understanding of the inherent worth of each individual.The court’s ruling is a step forward in the struggle against both corruption and official favoritism.36.The underlined sentence(Para.1)most probably shows that the court[A]avoided defining the extent of McDonnell’s duties.[B]made no compromise in convicting McDonnell.[C]was contemptuous of McDonnell’s conduct.[D]refused to comment on McDonnell’s ethics.37.According to Paragraph 4,an official act is deemed corruptive only if it involves[A]concrete returns for gift-givers.[B]sizable gains in the form of gifts.[C]leaking secrets intentionally.[D]breaking contracts officially.38.The court’s ruling is d on the assumption that public officials are[A]allowed to focus on the concerns of their supporters.[B]qualified to deal independently with bureaucratic issues.[C]justified in addressing the needs of their constituents.[D]exempt from conviction on the charge of favoritism.39.Well-enforced laws in government transparency are needed to[A]awaken the conscience of officials.[B]guarantee fair play in official access.[C]allow for certain kinds of lobbying.[D]inspire hopes in average people.40.The author’s attitude toward the court’s ruling is[A]sarcastic.[B]tolerant.[C]skeptical.[D]supportive.Part BDirections:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order.For questions 41-45,you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent text by choosing from the list A-G and filling them into the numbered boxes.Paragraphs B and D have been correctly placed.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.（10 points）[A]The first published sketch,"A Dinner at Polar Walk"brought tears to Dickens's eyes when he discovered it in the pages of The Monthly Magazine From then on his sketches,which appeared under the pen name"Boz" in The Evening Chronicle,earned him a modest reputation.[B]The runaway success of The Pickwick Papers,as it is generally knowntoday,secured Dickens's fame.There were Pickwick coats and Pickwick cigars,and the plump,spectacled hero,Samuel Pickwick,because a national figure.[C]Soon after Sketches by Boz appeared,a publishing firm approached Dickensto write a story in monthly installments,as a backdrop for a series of woodcuts by the then-famous artist Robert Seymour,who had originated the idea for the story.With characteristic confidence,Dickens successfully insisted that Seymour's pictures illustrate his own story instead.After the first installment,Dickens wrote to the artistand asked him to correct a drawing Dickens felt,was not faithful enough to hisprose.Seymour made the change,went into his backyard,and expressed his displeasure by committing suicide.Dickens and his publishers simply pressed on with a new artist.The comic novel,The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club,appeared serially in 1836 and 1837 and was first published in book form in 1837.[D]Charles Dickens is probably the best-known and,to many people,the greatest English novelist of the 19th century.A moralist,satirist,and social reformer,Dickens crafted complex plots and striking characters that capture the panorama of English society.[E]Soon after his father's release from prison,Dickens got a better job as errand boy in law offices.He taught himself shorthand to get an even better job later as acourt stenographer and as a reporter in Parliament.At the same time,Dickens,who had a reporter's eye for transcribing the life around him,especially anything comic orodd,submitted short sketches to obscure magazines.[F]Dickens was born in Portsmouth,on England's southern coast.His father was a clerk in the British Navy Pay office--a respectable position,but with little social status.His paternal grandparents,a steward and a housekeeper,possessed even less status,having been servants,and Dickens later concealed their background.Dicken's mother supposedly came from a more respectable family.Yet two years before Dicken's birth,his mother's father was caught stealing and fled to Europe,never to return.The family's increasing poverty forced Dickens out of school at age 12 to work in Warren's Blacking Warehouse,a shoe-polish factory,where the other working boys mocked him as"the young gentleman."His father was then imprisoned for debt.The humiliations of his father's imprisonment and his labor in the blacking factory formed Dickens's greatest wound and became his deepest secret.He could not confide them even to his wife,although they provide the unacknowledged foundation of his fiction.[G]After Pickwick,Dickens plunged into a bleaker world.In Oliver Twist,hetraces an orphan's progress from the workhouse to the criminal slums ofLondon.Nicholas Nickleby,his next novel,combines the darkness of Oliver Twist with the sunlight of Pickwick.The popularity of these novels consolidated Dickens' as a nationally and internationally celebrated man of letters.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)The growth of the use of English as the world`s primary language for international communication has obviously been continuing for severaldecades.(46)But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.Complex international, economic, technological and culture change could start to diminish the leading position of English as the language of the world market, and UK interests which enjoy advantage from the breath of English usage would consequentlyface new pressures. Those realistic possibilities are highlighted in the study presented by David Graddol. (47)His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generation of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.David Graddol concludes that monoglot English graduates face a bleak economic future as qualified multilingual youngsters from other countries are proving to have a competitive advantage over their British counterparts in global companies and organizations. Alongside that,(48)many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages. If left to themselves, such trends will diminish the relative strength of the English language in international education markets as the demand for educational resources in languages, such as Spanish ,Arabic or Mandarin grows and international business process outsourcing in other language such as Japanese, French and German, spreads.(49)The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to UK`s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors. The English language teaching sector directly earns nearly &1.3 billion for the UK in invisible exports and our other education related explores earn up to &10 billion a year more. As the international education market expands, the recent slowdown in the number of international students studying in the main English-speaking countries is likely to continue, especially if there are no effective strategic policies to prevent such slippage.The anticipation of possible shifts in demand provided by this study is significant:(50) It gives a basis to all organization which seek to promote the learning and very different operating environment. That is a necessary and practical approach. In this as in much else, those who wish to influence the future must prepare for it.SectionⅣWriting51 directionsYou are to write an email to James Cook,a newly-arrived Australiaprofessor,recommending some tourist attraction in your city.Please give reasons foryour recommendation.You should write neatly on the answer sheet.Do not sign your own name at the end of the e“Li Ming”instead.Do not write the address。
2017英语一text4 -回复
2017英语一text4 -回复the following questions:"Discuss the impact of the Internet on traditional journalism. What are the positive and negative effects of this transformation?"Introduction:The advent of the Internet revolutionized the way we access and consume information. Journalism, as a traditional industry, has been significantly impacted by this technological transformation. This essay aims to explore the effects of the Internet on traditional journalism, focusing on both the positive and negative consequences.Body:1. Access to Global Information:The Internet has broken down geographical barriers and provided journalists with unprecedented access to global information. News can now be reported from different corners of the world by simply connecting to the Internet. This has greatly enriched the content available to readers and allowed for a more comprehensiveunderstanding of global issues.2. Instantaneous Updates:Unlike the traditional media, which operates on a fixed publication schedule, the Internet facilitates instantaneous updates. Journalists can now report news as it happens, even outside of regular working hours. This has enabled real-time reporting, enhancing the timeliness and relevance of news updates. Readers no longer need to wait for the next morning or evening edition, as they can access breaking news anytime, from anywhere.3. Citizen Journalism:The Internet has given rise to citizen journalism, where ordinary individuals can share news and opinions through blogs, social media platforms, or video portals. This breakthrough has empowered the public to become active participants in thenews-making process, no longer solely relying on traditional journalistic sources. Citizen journalism has democratized information dissemination, amplifying diverse perspectives and increasing the democratization of media.4. Decline of Gatekeeping:Traditionally, journalists acted as gatekeepers, filtering and curating information before presenting it to the public. However, with the Internet, individuals have become their own gatekeepers, allowing instant access to a plethora of information. While this increases the availability of information, it also poses challenges in discerning reliable sources and verifying the accuracy of the content.5. Reduced Revenue for Traditional Media:The rise of the Internet has disrupted the traditional business model of journalism. The declining popularity of print media has resulted in reduced advertising revenues, leading to newspaper closures and downsizing of newsrooms. Traditional media outlets have struggled to find sustainable financial models in the digital age, impacting their ability to invest in quality journalism and investigative reporting.6. Spread of 'Fake News':One of the major negative effects of the Internet on traditional journalism is the ease with which 'fake news' spreads. With social media as a powerful tool for information dissemination, false or misleading information can quickly go viral before being verified by professional journalists. This undermines the credibility oftraditional journalism and challenges its role as a reliable source of information.Conclusion:The Internet has revolutionized journalism, bringing both positive and negative consequences. On one hand, it has expanded access to global information, allowed for instantaneous updates, and empowered citizen journalism. On the other hand, it has challenged the traditional gatekeeping role of professional journalists, disrupted business models of traditional media, and facilitated the spread of 'fake news'. As we navigate the digital age, it is crucial for journalists and readers alike to critically evaluate information, promote digital literacy, and continue to uphold the values of responsible journalism.。
2017年英语一text4
2017年英语一text4In 2017, the English Language and Composition exam included Text 4, which challenged students to analyze and respond to a passage about the effects of technology on human society. The passage examined how technology has both positive and negative impacts on relationships and social interactions. This essay aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the text and explore the implications of the author's claims.The text begins by asserting the increasing importance of technology in modern society, emphasizing how it has revolutionized communication and changed the way people interact with one another. The author cites examples of social media platforms and texting as prevalent means of interaction in contemporary society. While acknowledging the convenience and efficiency that technology offers, the author also points out its potential drawbacks.One of the adverse effects of technology mentioned in the text is the erosion of deep and meaningful connections. The author argues that online interactions and digital communication often lack the emotional depth and personal engagement necessary for authentic relationships. This loss of genuine connection may lead to feelings of isolation and disconnection among individuals, hindering the development of meaningful relationships.Moreover, the text raises concerns about the negative impact of technology on social skills. The author argues that reliance on digital communication inhibits the development of face-to-face communication abilities. This may result in difficulties in interpersonal relationships, such as the inability to interpret nonverbal cues or engage in meaningfulconversation. The author cites studies that correlate excessive technology use with decreased social competence and empathy.Despite these concerns, the text also highlights the potential benefits of technology. It acknowledges that digital communication can foster immediate and widespread connectivity, allowing individuals to connect across distances and cultural barriers. The author suggests that when used mindfully, technology can enhance relationships by facilitating communication and maintaining connections that would otherwise be challenging to sustain.Furthermore, the passage explores the role of technology in promoting social activism and political engagement. The author notes that platforms such as social media have empowered individuals to express their opinions, mobilize communities, and advocate for social change. The text argues that technology has played a vital role in raising awareness and facilitating collective action on various social, economic, and political issues.In conclusion, Text 4 examines the effects of technology on human relationships and social interactions in the year 2017. While acknowledging the convenience and connectivity offered by digital communication, the passage also highlights potential drawbacks, such as the erosion of meaningful connections and the impact on social skills. It ultimately suggests that a balanced and mindful approach to technology use is necessary to maximize its benefits and mitigate its negative impacts. By emphasizing the value of genuine face-to-face interactions and advocating for responsible technology use, individuals can harness the potential of technology to enhance relationships and foster societal progress.。
2017年英语一text4
2017年英语一text4
（原创实用版）
目录
1.引言：介绍 2017 年英语一 text4 的内容和背景
2.文章主旨：阐述作者对于人工智能发展的看法
3.分析：作者如何看待人工智能对社会和个人的影响
4.结论：作者对于人工智能未来的预测和期待
正文
2017 年英语一 text4 的文章主要探讨了人工智能的发展及其对社
会和个人的影响。
在文章中，作者对于人工智能的发展表示了深切的关注，并提出了自己的观点。
作者认为，人工智能的发展将会极大地改变我们的生活方式。
首先，人工智能将会取代一些传统的工作岗位，这将会对社会造成一定的冲击。
然而，作者并不认为这是一个负面的影响。
相反，作者认为这将会使我们有更多的时间去关注其他更有价值的事情，例如创造性的工作或者人际交往。
其次，人工智能的发展将会极大地提高我们的生活质量。
例如，人工智能可以帮助我们更好地管理时间，提高工作效率，甚至可以帮助我们更好地理解自己。
然而，作者也指出，人工智能的发展也带来了一些挑战。
首先，我们需要确保人工智能的发展是可持续的。
这就需要我们在发展人工智能的同时，也要考虑到环境等因素。
其次，我们需要确保人工智能的发展是公正的。
这就需要我们制定相关的法律法规，以防止人工智能的发展带来一些不公正的影响。
总的来说，作者对于人工智能的未来持有乐观的态度。
他认为，只要我们能够妥善处理好人工智能的发展带来的挑战，人工智能将会极大地提高我们的生活质量。
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Text 4In a rare unanimous ruling, the US Supreme Court has overturned thecorruption?conviction of a former Virginia governor, Robert McDonnell.?But it did so while holding its nose at the ethics of his conduct, which included accepting gifts such as a Rolex watch and a Ferrari automobile from a company seeking access to government.The high court’s decision said the judge in Mr. McDonnell’s trial failed to tell a jury that it must look only at his “official acts,”or the former governor’s decisions on “specific”and “unsettled”issues related to his duties.Merely helping a gift-giver gain access to other officials, unless done with clear intent to pressure those officials, is not corruption, the justices found.The court did suggest that accepting favors in return for opening doors is “distasteful”and “nasty.”But under anti-bribery laws, proof must be made of concrete benefits, such as approval of a contract or regulation. Simply arranging a meeting, making a phone call, or hosting an event is not an “official act”.The court’s ruling is legally sound in defining a kind of favoritism that is not criminal. Elected leaders must be allowed to help supporters deal with bureaucratic problems without fear of prosecution for bribery.”The basic compact underlying representative government,”wrote Chief Justice John Roberts for the court,”assumes that public officials will hear from their constituents and act on their concerns.”But the ruling reinforces the need for citizens and their elected representatives, not the courts, to ensure equality of access to government. Officials must not be allowed to play favorites in providing information or in arranging meetings simply because an individual orgroup provides a campaign donation or a personal gift. This type of integrity requireswell-enforced laws in government transparency, such as records of official meetings, rules on lobbying, and information about each elected leader’s source of wealth.Favoritism in official access can fan public perceptions of corruption. But it is not always corruption. Rather officials must avoid double standards, or different types of access for average people and the wealthy. If connections can be bought, a basic premise of democratic society—that all are equal in treatment by government—is undermined. Good governance rests on an understanding of the inherent worth of each individual.The court’s ruling is a step forward in the struggle against both corruption and official favoritism.36. The undermined sentence (Para.1) most probably shows that the court _______.[A] avoided defining the extent of McDonnell’s duties.[B] made no compromise in convicting McDonnell.[C] was contemptuous of McDonnell’s conduct.[D] refused to comment on McDonnell’s ethics.【答案】C【解析】答案为C。
根据第一段的划线句子联系文章第一句话：虽然最高法院没有判定Robert McDonnell受贿罪，但是在道德上却对他的行为嗤之以鼻。
由此可以锁定选项C中的?was contemptuous of，也就是说法院其实非常轻视Robert McDonnell的行为。
37. According to Paragraph 4, an official act is deemed corruptive only if it involves _______.[A] leaking secrets intentionally.[B] sizable gains in the form of gifts.[C] concrete returns for gift-givers.[D] breaking contracts officially.【答案】B【解析】答案为B。
从第四段可以知道，对腐败的定义是:只有受贿者给予了行贿者实际的好处，例如?a contract or regulation,?如果提供的不是具体的好处，仅仅只是：arranging a meeting, makinga phone call, or hosting an event,?那么这种行为就不是受贿。
由此可以得出答案为B。
38. The court’s ruling is based on the assumption that public officials are _______.[A] justified in addressing the needs of their constituents.[B] qualified to deal independently with bureaucratic issues.[C] allowed to focus on the concerns of their supporters.[D] exempt from conviction on the charge of favoritism.【答案】C【解析】答案为C。
从第五段可以知道，法院的裁定是建立听取其选民的意见，按照他们的利益行事。
所以原文中的constituents对应选项C的supporters，支持者。
所以答案选择C。
39. Well-enforced laws in government transparency are needed to _______.[A] awaken the conscience of officials.[B] guarantee fair play in official access.[C] allow for certain kinds of lobbying.[D] inspire hopes in average people.【答案】B【解析】答案为B。
根据第六段第一句话：执法力度需要加强市民及其当选代表，而不是法院获得接近政府的平等的机会。
equality与选项B的fair play相对应，因此选B。
40. The author’s attitude toward the court’s ruling is _______.[A] sarcastic.[B] tolerant.[C] skeptical.[D] supportive【答案】D【解析】答案为D。
本题考查的是态度题，从文中最后一句话：可以看出作者认为法院的裁定是进步的，因此可以看出作者对此的态度是：支持的。
因此答案为选项D。
【试题点评】今年四篇文章难度一般。
在我们整体的考研阅读当中，所需要具备的一个最重要的能力就是如何去看到题目之后，定准了位，并且找到那个我们真正应该找到的位置，在四个选项当中去找意思的原文最匹配的选项。
?。