四级必备名词,动词词组

动词词组固定搭配account for = explain 说明，解释（原因）；占比例accuse sb. of（doing sth.）指控某人做了不好的事（接介词of）adapt (oneself) to sth.调节，调整，以适应add sth. to sth.把…放到…中/上/里add to增加，增添add up to累计，总数达adjust (oneself) to sth调节，调整，以适应agree on双方、多方达成一致（主语必须是they / we等）agree to同意，答应（某事）agree with赞成（某人/ 某人的观点等）aim at瞄准，针对allow for考虑到，原谅amount to累计，总数达appeal for呼吁，请求appeal to = attract吸引，引起…的注意appeal to（court/master）求助于（法庭、主人等）apply for申请apply to （apply theory to practice）致力于做…，应用于…方面（理论联系实际）apply to sb. for sth.向某人申请某事arrive at a conclusion得出一个结论、协议arrive in \ at到达,得出ask after询问，问候ask for请求，要求attach to附属于，隶属于begin with从开始believe in（Christianity）信仰，信奉(基督教等)belong to属于benefit from受益于…blame sb. for sth因…而责备某人blame sth on sb.= attribute to把…归咎于某人break away（强烈地）逃脱，挣脱break into强行闯入break in闯入（房间）；插话break off中断（往往还可以恢复）break out（灾难、疾病、战争等的）爆发break through突破，穿透break up打碎、破碎；分裂、分解；结束、终止bring about (great chance) revolution \ reform 带来、引起（大的变化如革命、改革等）bring down打倒，挫伤，降低bring forth产生，提上bring forward提出（建议、观点等）bring out使出现，公布，出版bring to使恢复知觉bring up抚养、教育build up积累；堵塞；树立，逐步建立；增进；锻炼burn out烧掉burst into tears\laugh\applause放声大哭/ 大笑，爆发出雷鸣般的掌声call at (a place)拜访（某地）call forth唤起，引起；振作起，鼓起call for邀约；要求，需要call off = cancel取消，放弃call on sb.拜访（某人）,号召，呼吁call up召集，动员；打电话，使人想起can afford sth \ to do sth能负、花、买得起care about关心care for喜欢，喜好；照顾carry away 把…带走；使某人陶醉，冲昏某人头脑carry off夺去，抢走carry on继续carry out贯彻，执行，完成carry through贯彻到底，度过难关catch a cold感冒catch hold of紧紧抓住catch on理解，明白catch on (to) 理解，明白（主要指跟得上老师所讲的）catc h one’s eye引人注目catch sb. doing sth撞见，发现某人正在做不好的事情catch up with跟上，赶上charge sb. with （doing）sth 指控某人做了不好的事（接介词with）check in办理登记手续（入住、登机）；报到check out结帐离去check up使高兴，使振奋；高兴起来，振作起来cheer up整理，收拾；清除，解除；解释，澄清；（天气）变晴clear up清理；天空放晴come to苏醒；总计come about发生，产生come across不期而遇come off成功地举办come on请，来吧；跟着来，快点；开始，来临；进展，发展；出演，上场come out显现出；出版，发表come round(around)来访，前来；苏醒，复原come through经历，脱险come to总计，达到；苏醒，复原come to a conclusion得出一个结论、协议come true实现，达到come up走近，上来；发生，被提出come up to达到，符合come up with提出（一个建议），找到（一个答案）compare to与…相比，比作…compare with相比concern with关心，挂念；从事于consult sb. about sth 向某人请教、咨询consult with sb.about sth向某人请教、咨询contribute to + n.\ doing贡献；投稿；有助于convince sb.of sth说服某人cope with = deal with = handle应付，处理correspond to相当于correspond with与…一致，相符合；与… 通信count in算上、包括谁count on指望，依靠，期待count out不包括，不算count up把…相加count up to累计，总数达cover up掩饰，掩盖cross out删去，取消cut across抄近道cut back削减，减少，裁减cut down削减，裁减cut in插嘴cut off（突然）中止，切断（供给，来源）cut out切去，除去（坏习惯等）cut short突然停止deal with处理，对付；安排dedicate to + n.\ doing（正式地）献给depend on指望，依靠，期待deprive sb. of （one’s rights）剥夺某人的（权利）derive from起源，从…中得到derive sb. of （one’s rights）剥夺某人的（权利）devote to + n.\ doing忠实于…die down（逐渐）消亡；枯萎die off（渐渐）消失，（植物）相继枯死die out 彻底消失，不复存在differ from与…不同differ fro m in…和…在某方面不同dig into探究，津津有味地吃dig out挖出，查出dig up开垦（荒地）；深挖三尺，查（根底）direct against与…作对direct at瞄准…目标discover意外发现（强调一种好奇的东西）distinguish…from 把…和…区分开来divide into把整体分成部分do away with = get rid of \ remove 消灭，除掉do without没有…也行draw a conclusion得出一个结论、协议draw in = pull in（汽车、火车慢慢）进站、驶入draw up = draft起草dress up穿上盛装，打扮得漂漂亮亮drop by顺便来访drop by/in顺便来访drop in at sp.顺便走访某地drop in on sb.顺便拜访某人drop off减弱，减少drop out退出drop out of（school）辍学drop out退出，离队effect on sth影响（具体的）end up（以不太好的身份、状态、境况）结束end up in结束，结果是……equip with用…来装备exclude sb. from (doing) sth不让某人做某事.exclusive of不计…在内exclusive to专为…所独有，独享fall back on求助于fall behind落后fall in with符合，与…一致fall out争吵，结果是fall through落空，失败far from远离；远不是，算不上，绝对没有…feed in输入feed on以…为食feed with用…喂feel at home畅快，自在feel like摸起来感觉象…；想要做…事，后接doingfeel sorry for sb对某人表示同情figure out计算出；琢磨出，领会出fill in the form填写表格（不一定每空必填）fill out the form填写表格（必须不留空格，完全填满）find fault (with)抱怨，找茬儿，挑剔find out发现（强调结果）free from worries无忧无虑gaze at凝视，注视gaze at the sunrise / sunset看日出/看日落gear (oneself) to sth.调节，调整，以适应get accustomed to doing sth 习惯于做某事（注意to是介词）get across使人了解；解释清楚get along (with) 进展；过日子，生活；相处融洽get around到处走走；消息传开get away逃脱，离开get by通过，经过get by（对付着、应付着）通过get down从…下来；写下get down to着手进行get down to business开始去做正经事get down to earth脚踏实地get free获得自由get hold of得到，弄到，获得get in (crops / taxes)进来；收（庄稼、税等）get in one’s way阻挡某人的路get in the way 成为障碍get into进入，钻进（小汽车等）get off下车；脱衣；动身get on上车（需要上台阶的、跨上车子）get out of下车，钻出来（从小汽车里）get over +(表疾病、打击等n作宾语）（克服障碍、疾病、打击等后）恢复get the better of占上风，胜过get through完成，到达，通过（强调通过一个过程）；get through to sb.电话接通到某人get to = arrive at/in = reach到达get up起床；增加，增强get used to doing sth习惯于做某事（注意to是介词）give an account of = report 陈述，说明give away泄露（秘密等）give away to给…让路；给…让步give back送还，恢复give in屈服，让步give off发出（一种味道、气体、烟雾等）give oneself away自己漏马脚give oneself up自首，投降，投案give out cf. hand out （人手一份的）发放，发出give up放弃give way to给…让步，对…让步，被…代替go about四处闲逛；着手进行（=set/see about）go after追求追逐go ahead开始，前进，领先go along with陪同前往，随行go around/round绕…运行；以…为中心go back on违背，背叛（朋友或语言等）go back to追溯，上溯到go bad变质go by通过，经过go down下降go for赞成go in for从事，追求（一种爱好）go into进入；深入研究go mad发疯go off从…下来；离开，动身，开始go on a diet节食，减肥go on with继续go out出去；罢工=go on a strikego over检查，复习，再来一遍go through经历，完成go under下沉，沉没；失败；破产go up上升go well with和…很相配go with和…搭配，和…一起go without没有…而将就过go wrong出毛病hand down流传下来，传给，往下传hand in交上，递交hand on传下来，依次传递hand out分发，散发，发给hand over交出，移交，让与hang about闲荡，徘徊，逗留hang back犹豫，踌躇，畏缩hang on继续hang on to紧握住，坚持下去hang up挂断电话have an influence 影响（抽象的，思想的，意识形态方面的）have back要回，收回have nothing/something to do无事可做/ 有事可做have nothing/something to do with 与…无关/ 有关have on穿着，打扮have to do with与…有关have to/have got to不得不，必须hear about听说（强调听到事情的详细过程）hear from（通过信件、电话等）得以联络hear of听说（泛泛地听）help oneself自助，自取hide sth. from sb.对某人隐瞒某事hold back隐瞒（消息）；强忍，阻止（眼泪、情感）hold on = hang on坚持；（打电话）别挂hold on to sth紧紧抓住，坚持hold out维持，支持，坚持，不屈服hold up (by the traffic jam ) 延误，耽搁（尤指交通阻塞的耽搁）hurry up赶快，迅速完成identify oneself with与…打成一片，到…中去improve on改进inform sb of sth.把…事告诉某人inform sb/inform against sb/inform on sb告发检举某人inquire into = go/look/see into追究，调查inquire sth of sb向某人打听某事insist on/upon…should do坚持interfere in干涉，介入（与事搭配）interfere with干扰（对别人做的事进行干扰）keep back 阻止，隐瞒（情感）hold back；专制keep down控制，压制；镇压；压低，放低keep from阻止，抑制keep in mind = bear in mind记住，不忘keep off（使）不接近keep on doing坚持keep on/at纠缠，困扰（某人）keep one’s resolve保持决心keep one’s word遵守诺言keep out of躲开，置身…之外keep pace with保持一致keep sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事keep to保持，坚持，遵守keep up sth保持（一种状态、水平）keep up with向…看齐，跟上…knock down 撞倒，拆毁（建筑）knock out敲、击、撞到、打倒、踢出lay aside置之一边（不理）；留做储蓄lay down制定，规定lay out布局，设置lead to通往；导致lean against靠着，倚靠者lean on = depend on = rely on依靠leave a message留言，留口信leave along让独自呆着，不打扰leave behind不带，忘了带，遗留，留下leave off中途停下来leave ou删去，省略lend itself to适宜于；对…有用let alone更别提；不打扰，不惊动let down使…失望，使人垂头丧气let go放开，松手let in让…进来；放…进来let loose放开，放松，释放let off放过，宽恕let out放走；释放，发出liberate sb /sth from从…中解放出来lie in = consist in（重要性，意义）在于…方面line up排队，使排成一行live by +方式靠…过活live in comfort生活舒适live on/upon靠…生活live up to不辜负…的期望long for/to do渴望look after照顾，寻求look at看look back on回顾look down on看不起，轻视look down upon俯视，轻视look for = search for = seek for寻找look forward to （doing sth）前瞻look in顺便看望look into调查，研究look on观望，旁观look on sth as sth 把…看作…look out = watch out向外望；注意look over检查，查看；放过，宽恕，跳过去看look over sb’s wrong doings原谅某人的过失look sth/sb through看穿，看透look through仔细查看，浏览，温习look up往上看；查阅资料look up to尊重，尊敬lose heart失去信心lose one’s mind失去理智lose one’s way迷路lose sight of没看见，失明，忽略make a resolution to do sth决定，下决心做…make efforts/every effort to do sth尽一切努力make faces/a face做鬼脸make for走向，有助于make fun of取笑，嘲弄make out理解，认出，看出；写出，开出个单子make sense有道理，讲得通make up弥补，补足，编造，虚构，化妆make up for补偿（损失）make up one’s mind下决心，打定主意manage to do sth = succeed (in)doing sth完成某事，做到某事mistake…for把…误当作mix sth up (with sth)把…和…混在一起mix up = confuse混淆，弄乱occur to被想起，被想到operate on sb for some disease给某人做手术治病pass away去世pass off中止，停止pass on传递pass out失去知觉，昏倒pass over省略，忽视pay attention to（有意识）注意pay back偿付，报复pay for sth支付款项pay off 偿清（债务）；取得成功pay up全部付清perform an operation on sb给…做手术pick out挑选，辨认出pick up捡起，接人play with以…为消遣，玩弄published by installments分期连载pull down拆除= knock downpull in（交通工具）进站，靠岸pull off脱（帽，衣）pull on穿戴pull out拔出，抽出，取出；（车、船）驶出；（车辆）减速pull up（车辆慢慢）停下push off将船推离岸边push one’s fortune拼命赚取财富push one’s way往前冲put across讲解put an end to结束put aside = lay aside = set aside储款put away放好，收好，储存put down记下；镇压，控制put forward提出一个建议put in驶进put in for申请put into effect实施，生效put off脱下，脱掉, 推迟，延期（后常与till连用）put on穿戴put out熄/扑灭；出版发表（get/come out）,（交通工具）出站，离岸put up贴起来，张贴；举止；留宿put up with忍受put/bring into operation实施，使…运行，使生效refer to查阅，询问refer to sth as把…看作、称作refer to…as把…称作，把…看作relate to有关，涉及relieve from从…中解除relieve sb of sth解释某人的负担rely on = depend on依靠resistant to耐…的，抗…的resolve to do sth下决心做…resort to诉诸，求助于resort to arms诉诸武力ring off挂断电话rub out擦掉，拭去run across (sth)偶尔发现run away逃跑run down撞到run for竞选run into (sb)偶然撞上，不期而遇run off复印，打字run out of用完耗尽run over碾过，溢出，匆匆看一眼run short of缺乏，短缺search for = look/seek for寻找（强调过程）see (to it) that确保，保证做到see about = go/set about处理see after = look after照顾，寻求see into = look/go into调查，研究see off送行see through看穿，看透see to注意，负责，照料，修理send for函索send in呈报，递交，送来send off寄发（大批的东西）separate from把…和…分开（分居，区分开）serve as起…作用，担任serve as a model 作为榜样serve one’s need 满足某人需要serve the people为人民服务set about开始，着手做set aside = put/lay aside储蓄set back推迟，延缓，阻碍set down卸下，放下，记下，记入set forth阐明，提出set off/out出发set out to打算，着手set sb. free释放某人set up拾起，建立，组建，设立，安排set/write/put down写下，记下settle down安居，平息shade from免受…的照射（阳光）shake off摆脱，甩掉shelter from保护某人不受（灾难，风雨）打击show in领入show off炫耀show up露面shut down关窗帘shut off关闭（煤气，电）shut out排除sigh up for参加俱乐部；注册，学习一门课程sit around到处闲坐，消磨时间sit for参加sit in列席，旁听sit up迟睡，熬夜sleep late早上很晚不起床smell of闻到…的香味so far (so good)迄今为止(一切都好)speak for替某人讲话speak of谈及speak on详细的阐述speak out大胆得讲，不受约束的讲speak up one’s mind讲出某人的心里话speed up使加速spend money/time on sth在某事上花费时间，金钱spend time doing sth花费时间做某事（主语是人）stand by袖手旁观stand for代表，指的是stand out显眼，与众不同stand up站起来，耐用stand up for 维护stand up to(text)经得住（考验）step by step 逐步地step down走下去，降职step in插入，介入step up逐步，增加stick out伸出stick to坚守，坚持strip sb of sth剥夺某人的…substitute for替换，代替suffer from受…的苦switch off/on关上、打开take …as把…作为take a/the chance 冒风险，碰运气take advantage of 利用，趁机take after与…相象take apart拆开take away消除，消耗take back收回，带回take care of照料take down记录下take for = mistake for 把误认为…take in欺骗，吸收，接受，招收take into account = take into consider考虑，重视take off脱衣服；飞机起飞take on承担，雇佣take over (大的权力责任的）接管，接任take pains刻苦，努力take place发生take sb in欺骗某人take steps采取措施take the lead带头，领先take the trouble to do不辞劳苦的去做take to喜欢，亲近take turns轮流交替take up从事，开始做；占据（时间空间）tend to do往往倾向于做think better of改变主意，重新考虑thin k of …as把…看作是think over仔细考虑throw away扔掉，抛弃touch on关系到，涉及touch up润色，改造try on试穿，试用try out（药）试用turn down拒绝，调低音量turn in递交turn into变成turn off熄灭，关闭turn on打开turn out熄灭，关闭turn over转过来，思考，考虑，移交，转交turn to求助于turn up 露面，找到vary between…and…在…和…之间vary f rom… to从…到…不等vote against投票反对vote for投票选举wait for等待wait on sb服侍，侍奉某人warm up变热watch out for 提防，密切的注视wear off逐渐消失wear out用破，用坏，磨损，耗尽，使筋疲力尽wipe out擦去，抹去，消灭，毁灭work at sth致力于，从事于work out找到答案，解决，算出work up引起，激起；逐渐上升，向上爬write off报销，勾销，注销名词词组固定搭配by accident偶然on account of因为，由于in addition另外in addition to除…之外in the air在流行中，在传播中on (the/an) average平均，一般来说on the basis of根据，在…的基础上at (the) best充其量，至多for the better好转，改善on board在船（车、飞机）上out of breath喘不过气来，上气不接下气on business因公，公事in any case无论如何，总之in case of假使，万一in case假如，以防（万一），免得in no case决不by chance偶然，碰巧in charge (of)负责，主管(a) round the clock昼夜不停地in common共用，共有，共同in conclusion最后，总之on condition that在…条件下in confidence信任in connection with/to关于in consequence因此，结果in consequence of由于…的缘故on the contrary反之，正相反in contrast with/to与…成对照out of control失去控制under control被控制at all costs无论如何，不惜任何代价at the cost of以…为代价in the curse of在过程中，在…期间of course当然in danger在危险中out of danger脱离危险out of date过期的，过时的up to date时新的in dept欠债in detail详细地in difficulties处境困难in the distance在远处off duty下班on duty值班，上班on earth究竟，到底at all events无论如何in any event无论如何in effect有效，实际上in the event of万一，如果发生for example例如with the exception of除…之外in the face of面对，在…面前in fact其实，实际上on fire烧着on foot步行in force有效，实施中in favor of有利于，便于；赞成，支持in front of在…面前in (the) future今后，将来on guard警惕，防范in general通常，大体上in half成两半at hand在手边，在附近，即将到来by hand用手hand in hand手拉手in hand在掌握中，在控制中on hand在手边，临近on (the) one hand一方面…on the other hand另一方面…at heart在内心；实质上by heart牢记，凭记忆at home在家，在国内in honor of以纪念，向…表示敬意on one’s honor以名誉担保in a hurry匆忙地，立即for instance假如，举例说at intervals不时，时时at last最终，终于at least至少，最低限度in the least一点，丝毫at length终于，最后，详细地in the light of按照，根据in line成一直线，排成一行in line with和成直线，与…一致at a loss困惑，不知所措as a matter of fact其实，事实上by all means无论如何，必定by no means决不in memory of纪念at the mercy of在…支配下by mistake错误地at the moment现在，此刻for a moment片刻，一会儿in a moment立刻，马上in nature本质上on occasion有时，不时in order秩序井然，整齐in order to以便，为了in order that以便out of order发生故障，失调on one’s own独自地，独立地in particular特别地，尤其，详细地in the past在过去，以往in person亲自in place在适当位置in place of代替in the first place起初，首先in the last place最后out of place不得其所的，不适当的on the point即将…的时候to the point切中要害，切题in practice在实际中，实际上out of practice久不练习at present目前，现在for the present目前，暂时in proportion to与…成比例的in public公开地，当众for (the) purpose of为了on purpose故意，有意with the purpose of为了in question正在考虑at any rate无论如何，至少by reason of由于as regards关于，至于with / in regard to对于，就…而论in / with relation to关系到with respect to关于as a result结果，因此as a result of由于…的结果in return作为报答，作为回报on the road在旅途中as a rule规章，规则；通常，照例in the long run最终，从长远观点看for the sake of为了…起见，看在…份上on sale出售，贱卖on a large scale大规模地on a small scale小规模地in secret秘密地，私下地in a sense从某种意义上说in shape处于良好状态on the side作为兼职，额外at first sight乍一看，初看起来in sight被看到，在视野之内out of sight看不见，在视野之外in spite of不管，不顾；尽管，虽然on the spot当场，在现场in step同步，合拍out of step步调不一致，不协调in stock现有，备有in sum总而言之in tears流着泪，含泪，哭in terms of依据，按照；用…措辞for one thing首先，一则on the second thoughts经重新考虑，一转念at a time每次，一次at no time从不，决不at one time同时，曾经at the same time但是，然而at times有时for the time being目前，暂时from time to time有时，不时in no time立即，马上in time及时，适时地on time准时on top of在…之上out of touch 失去联系in truth事实上，实际上，的确try on试穿by turns轮流，交替地in turn依次，轮流in vain徒劳，无效a variety of种种，各种by virtue of由于by the way顺便提一下by way of经由，经过…方式in a way在某点，在某种程度上in no way决不in the way of妨碍in one’s/ the way妨碍，阻碍after a while过了一会儿，不久for a while暂时，一时on the whole总得来说in a word总而言之at work在工作中，忙于out of work失业in the world到底，究竟。