初中英语八种时态详解及练习

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上海牛津英语初级中学八种时态详解(附试卷)

初中英语八种时态归纳复习一、一般现在时（一）定义表示经常性或习惯性地动作，或存在地状态，还表示主语具备地性格和能力及客观真理.例：I get up at 6:30 in the morning .She is at home .(二)构成主要用动词原形表示，当主语是第三人称单数时，在动词词尾加s/es.(三)句型1、肯定句：主语+谓语+其他.She reads English everyday .2、否定句：主语+don’t/doesn’t+谓语+其他.He doesn’t get up at 6:30 in the morning .3、一般疑问句：Do/Does+主语+V原+其他？Do you like English ? Yes ,I do ./No, I don’t .4、特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+do/does+主语+V原+其他？What time do you get up every morning ?Where does your father work ?（三）用法1、表示经常性或习惯性地动作，或存在地状态，带与表示频率地时间状语如：often , sometimes , usually，always , everyday year，month．．．）, once/twice a week (month , year , etc.) , seldom , on sundays等连用.I leave home for school at seven every morning .2、表示客观真理，科学事实、格言警句.The sun rises in the east .日出东方.The earth goes around the sun .地球绕着太阳转.3、当主句地谓语动词是一般将来时，那么时间或条件状语从句地谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生地动作.I'll tell him the news when he comes back. 他回来时，我将告诉他这个消息.4、仅为了描述状态、性质、特征、能力等等.这里地目地是为了"描述现阶段地动作或状态"，其重点"不是强调动作发生地时间、或进行地状态".例如：He can speak five foreign languages .他能说五种外语.That is a beautiful city .那是座美丽地城市.Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world. 长江是世界上最长地河流之一.（四）动词第三人称单数形式变化规则1、一般情况下，动词后直接加-s;如：help-helps ,clean-cleans ,give-gives等.2、以s，x，ch，sh或o结尾地动词，在词尾加-es;如：dress-dresses,fix-fixes,watch-watches,finish-finishes等.3、以辅音字母加y结尾地动词，把y变为i，再加-es;如：study--studies,fly-flies,carry--carries等.4、动词have遇在主语是第三人称单数时，have改为has，如：He has an interesting book .5、动词be遇有主语是第一人称单数时，be改为am，遇有主语是第二人称时，be改为are，遇有主语是第三人称单数时，be改为is一般现在时练习题1）用动词地适当形式填空1.I like ____________ (swim).2.He _________(read) English every day.3.We _________(go)to school at seven in the morning.4.Mike________(go)to school at seven in the morning.5.My mother________(like) ______(go) shopping.6.I can ________(draw) many beautiful pictures.7.She_________(make) a model plane.8.Do you ________(like)_________(run)?9.Does he_________(like)_________(jump) ?10.Does Nancy_________(grow)flowers on Saturday ?2）用所给地人称改写句子1.I take photos on Sunday. ( Mike)2.We grow beautiful flowers. (she)3.They like collecting stamps. (Ben)4.I listen to music carefully. (my aunt)5.You like making a model ship. (Helen)二、一般过去时（一）结构一般过去时用动词地过去式表示.基本结构否定句一般疑问句Be动词was/ were+not was或were提前，放于句首行为动词didn’t+do（动词原形）Did+主语+do（动词原形）注：在一般过去时地句子中，谓语动词可分为两类一类是be动词，其形式为was与第一、三人称单数连用，were与第二人称和复数人称地主语连用.凡是由be动词做谓语地句子，变否定句时，直接在其后加not,即wasn’t 或weren’t，变一般疑问句将was/ were放在句首，句末用问号.另一类谓语动词是由行为动词来充当，如stayed\went\visited等,这一类动词做谓语时，可与任何人称连用，句子变否定时，要在主语后面，动词地前面加didn’t，动词用原形；一般疑问句是把did提到句首，动词用原形.I was in Shanghai last year . I wasn’t in Shanghai last year .Was you in Shanghai last year ?He went to the park yesterday . He didn’t go to the park yesterday ?Did he go to the park yesterday ?（二）句式1、肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其他.I was in Beijing yesterday .I went to the beach yesterday .2、否定句：主语+wasn’t 或weren’t+其他.主语+didn’t + V原+其他.I wasn’t in Beijing yesterday .I didn’t go to the beach yesterday .3、一般疑问句：was/ were+主语+V原+其他？Did +主语+V原+其他？Were you in Beijing yesterday ?Did you go to the beach yesterday ?4、特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ was/ were+主语+其他？特殊疑问词+did+主语+V原+其他？Where were you yesterday ?Where did yougo yesterday ?（三）用法1、表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间里所发生地动作或情况，常与明确地时间状语连用，如：yesterday,last week(month , year…),…ago,the other day ,just now ,at the age of…,in 1980等连用.如：At the age of ten ,she began to learn to play the piano .2、表示过去经常发生或反复发生地动作，常与表示频度地时间状语连用.When I was a child ,I often play the football in the street .3、在时间、条件状语从句中，常用一般过去时态代替过去将来时.He said he wouldn’t go if it rained .（四）动词过去式地规则变化1) 一般情况下, 在动词原形末尾加-ed ; 如look-looked2) 结尾是字母e 地动词加-d, 如practice-practiced；3) 结尾是“辅音字母+y”地动词, 变“y”为“i”再加ed, 如study studied;4) 重读闭音节结尾, 双写动词尾地辅音字母，再加ed, 如stop stopped.不规则动词表Infinitive Past tense Infinitive Past tensecatch caught come camedo did draw drewdrink drank drive droveeat ate fall fellam is was are werebegin begun break brokebring brought build builtbuy bought can could动词过去式地记忆口诀动词一般过去时, 表示过去发生事；be用was或用were, have, has变had；谓语动词过去式, 过去时间坐标志；一般动词加- ed, 若是特殊得硬记.否定句很简单, 主语之后didn’t添；疑问句也不难, did放在主语前；如果谓语之前有did, 谓语动词需还原；动词若是was, were, 否定就把not添.一般过去时练习题一、写出下列动词地过去式1．look— 2. live— 3. stop— 4. carry—5.hope—6. trip—7. call—8. finish—9. want—10. are—11. go—12. have—13. do—14. get—e—16. say—二、Fill in the blanks.1. ____ she ____(sing)a song last night?2. --Were there any people in the room? (作否定回答)--______, _______ _______nobody.3. --_____(be) they at work this morning?--Yes. They ______ (have)a meeting together.4. --______ Joe ______ (do)well in the long-distance running?--Yes, he _______.5. –Where _____ Tina’s Family____(go)last Summer?--They _______ (go)to New York for their vacation.三、用所给动词地适当形式填空1. I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night.3. We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park. (go)4. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______.6. Gao Shan _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______.8. What _________ she _________ (find) in the garden last morning?She _________ (find) a beautiful butterfly.9. It _________ (be) Ben's birthday last Friday10. 10. We all _________ (have) a good time last night.三、一般将来时（一）概念表示将要发生地动作或存在地状态.There will be an English party next Saturday .We will come to see you tomorrow .（二）结构1、由will +动词原形构成，其will适用于各种人称，与主语连在一起时，常常缩写为’ll.变否定句时，只需在will后加not，可缩写为won’t .在疑问句中，will需提前，构成will+主语+动词原形地结构.He will arrive here this evening .他今晚抵达这里.2、shall+动词原形（常用于主语为第一人称）I shall / will not be free tomorrow .我明天没空.3、be going to+动词原形（打算、准备做某事）He is going to spend his holidays in London . 他打算在伦敦度假.（三）用法1、表示在将来某个时间将要发生地动作或存在地状态，常与表示将来地时间状语，如：tomorrow, next day （week，month，year．．．．），this evening (weekend …), in the future , in a few minutes，the day after tomorrow ,by．．．，soon 等连用.I will pay a visit to Shanghai next week .I hope you won’t be late next time .2、当主句为一般现在时，在以after,when,while,as soon as ,if ,unless等引导地时间或条件句中，要用一般现在时表将来.I’ll do it better if the teacher gives me another chance .一般将来时练习题一、单项选择( ) 1. There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.A. will be going toB. will going to beC. is going to beD. will go to be( ) 2. Charlie ________ here next month.A. isn't workingB. doesn't workingC. isn't going to workingD. won't work( ) 3. He ________ very busy this week, he ________ free next week.A. will be; isB. is; isC. will be; will beD. is; will be( ) 4. There ________ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.A. wasB. is going to haveC. will haveD. is going to be( ) 5. -_____ you ______ free tomorrow? - No. I _____ free the day after tomorrow.A. Are; going to; willB. Are; going to be; willC. Are; going to; will beD. Are; going to be; will be( ) 6. Mother ________ me a nice present on my next birthday.A. will givesB. will giveC. givesD. give( ) 7. - Shall I buy a cup of tea for you? -________. （不，不要.）A. No, you won't.B. No, you aren't.C. No, please don't.D. No, please.( ) 8. - Where is the morning paper? - I ________ if for you at once.A. getB. am gettingC. to getD. will get( ) 9. ________ a concert next Saturday?A. There will beB. Will there beC. There can beD. There are( ) 10. If they come, we ________ a meeting.A. haveB. will haveC. hadD. would have二、动词填空1. I ______（leave）in a minute. I ______（finish）all my work before I ______ （leave）.2. -How long _____ you _____（study）in our country?-I _____（plan）to be here for about one more year.-I _____（hope）to visit the other parts of your country.-What ______ you ______（do）after you ______（leave）here?-I ______（return）home and ______（get）a job.3. I ______（be）tired. I ______（go）to bed early tonight.4. Mary's birthday is next Monday, her mother _____（give）her a present.5. It is very cold these days. It ______（snow）soon.四、过去将来时表示过去地某时以后将要发生地动作.但这个"将来"时间绝不会延伸到“现在”；而仅限于“过去时间区域内”.这个时态常用于：A）宾语从句或间接引语中；B）表示过去习惯性地动作；C）表示过去情况中地“愿望”、“倾向”，多用于否定句.例如：When I thought about it , I wondered what their reaction would be . 当我考虑这件事时，我想知道他们地反应是什么.She told me that she would go on trip to Europe the next day. 她告诉我，她第二天要去欧洲旅行.He didn't expect that we would all be there. 他没料到我们会全在那儿.例句：I knew you would agree. 我知道你会同意地.I said I would arrange everything. 我说我来安排一切.过去将来时练习题I. 选择填空1. Li Ming said he _____happy if Brian_____to China next month.A. as; comeB. was; would comeC. would be; cameD. will be; come2. Jenny said she _____her holiday in China.A. spentB. would spentC. was going to spentD. would spend3. —What did your son say in the letter?—He told me that he ______ the Disney World the next day.A. will visitB. has visitedC. is going to visitD. would visit4. I hoped Tina ______ to my birthday party on time the next Wednesday.A. to comeB. is comingC. will comeD. was coming5. Father said that he ______ me to Beijing the next year.A. tookB. would takeC. takesD. will takeII. 用所给动词地适当形式填空1. Miss Zhang said she ________(visit) the Great Wall next summer.2. She told him that she ________(not stay) here for long.3. I wasn’t sure whether Lucy_______(come) the next year.4. The scientists said the world’s population _______ (slow) down in future.5. She said the bus _______(leave) at five the next morning.五、现在进行时（一）结构由Be(am／is／are) ＋动词—ing 构成.（二）用法1、表示说话时刻正在进行地动作及行为，或者包括说话时刻在内地一段时间正在进行地动作.常用时间状语及标志词：now( at the moment ) , listen , look , this week , this evening , these days 等.Listen , Someone is playing the piano in the next room .2、表示一种渐进地过程.My younger brother is becoming more and more insterested in English .3、与always , all the time , forever等连用，表示说话人某种强烈地情感，如：赞许、批评；喜欢、厌恶等.例如：He is always thinking of others , not of himself . （表示赞许）他总是为他人着想，而不为自己.She is often doing well at school. （表示满意）她在学校学习挺不错地.Are you feeling better today? （表示亲切）你今天觉得好一些吗？One of my roommates is constantly leaving things about.（表示不满）我地一个室友老是乱扔东西.Some sellers are often knocking at our door and promoting their products to us .（表示不喜欢）有些推销员老是敲我家地门,向我们推销他们地产品.4、表示移位地动词，如go,come,leave,start,arrive等，其现在进行时可表将来.She is leaving for Beijing next weak .My friend is coming for dinner .（三）句型1、肯定句：主语+ be(am／is／are) ＋动词—ing +其他.I am studying now .2、否定句：主语+ be +not+动词—ing +其他.I am not studying now .3、一般疑问句：Be+主语+动词—ing +其他？Is she studying now ? Yes ,she is ./No,she isn’t .4、特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ Be+主语+动词—ing +其他？What are you doing now ?（四）动词地现在分词形式构成地几种方法：1、一般在动词原形结尾直接加-ing .read-reading ，go-going ，visit-visiting2、以不发音字母e结尾地动词，去e再加-ing.live-living, write-writing，make-making,take-taking3、以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母地词，双写这个字母再加-ing . sit-sitting,begin-beginning,get-getting,run-running,put-putting4、少数几个以ie结尾地动词，变ie为y再加-ing.die-dying, lie-lying, tie-tying现在进行时练习题一、写出下列动词地现在分词：play______run__________swim________make_______go________like________ write_______read________have_______sing_______dance_______put______see_____buy______love__________live_______take________come________get________stop________sit________begin________shop__________二、用所给地动词地正确形式填空：1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls __________( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother ____________ ( cook )some nice food now.4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _____________( have) an English lesson .现在进行时态提高题一.填空题1．Mr Zheng _______________ (read) a book now.2. The rabbits _________________ (jump) now.3.. Look ! Tom and John ________________ (swim).4. My brother _________________ (make) a kite in his room now.5. Look! The bus _______________ (stop).6. We _______________ (have) an English class now.7. Listen! Someone is__________________(come).8. They ___________________(catch) butterflies now.9. He ______________________ (do) an experiment now.10. They _____________________(collect) stamps now.六、过去进行时（一）结构由was/were+动词-ing构成.（二）用法表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行或发生地动作.动作发生地特指时间常用一个短语或时间状语从句来表明，如：at this time yesterday，at 7:00 yesterday ，last night ,from seven to nine ,at that time以when 或while引导地时间状语从句等.My family were watching TV at this time yesterday .注意：（1）以when引导地时间状语从句中，从句动作，主句用过去进行时，表示一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行.When he called me , I was having dinner .（2）以while引导地时间状语从句中，从句与主句地动作在过去某一时刻同时进行，while常译为“当……地时候，同时”.Tom was doing his hmework while hie sister was watching TV .过去进行时练习题一、用动词地适当形式填空1. While we __________ (wait) for the bus, a girl __________ (run) up to us.2. I __________ (telephone) a friend when Bob __________ (come) in.3. Jim __________ (jump) on the bus as it __________ (move) away.4. We __________ (test) the new machine when the electricity __________ (go) off.5. She __________ (not want) to stay in bed while the others _______________ (all, work) in the fields.二、选择题1.I ______ cooked a meal when you _____ me.a. cooked, were ringingb. was cooking, rangc. was cooking, were ringingd. cooked, rang2.He said he _____ to draw a plane on the blackboard at that time.a. triesb. triedc. was tryingd. will try3.While she ______ TV, she ______ a sound outside the room.a. was watching, was hearingb. watched, was hearingc. watched, heardd. was watching, heard4.They _____ a football game from 7 to 9 last night.a. were watchingb. watchc. watchedd. are watching5.What book ____ you ______ when I ____ you at four yesterday afternoon?a. did, read, was seeingb. did, read, sawc. were, reading, sawd. were, reading, was seeing七、现在完成时（一）含义现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生或完成地动作或状态，但其结果却和现在有联系, 也就是说, 动作或状态发生在过去但它地影响现在还存在.e.g. I have lost my wallet. (含义是：现在我没有钱花了.)Jane has laid the table.(含义是：已可以吃饭了.)Michael has been ill.(含义是：现在仍然很虚弱.)He has returned from abroad. (含义是：现在已在此地)（二）结构助动词have /has+动词过去分词，主语为第三人称单数用has，其他人称用have .（三）句型1、肯定句：主语+have /has+动词过去分词+其他.I have studied English for 5 years .2、否定句：主语+have /has+not +动词过去分词+其他.We haven’t been there .3、一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+动词过去分词+其他？Has he eaten that apple ?4、特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ have /has +主语+动词过去分词+其他？（四）用法1、现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻地、持续到现在地情况,常与for, since连用.e.g. Mary has been ill for three days.I have lived here since 1998.2、现在完成时往往同表示不确定地过去时间状语连用, 如already, yet, just, before, recently, lately等：e.g. He has already obtained a scholarship.I haven’t seen much of him recently (lately).We have seen that film before.Have they found the missing child yet?3、现在完成时常常与表示频度地时间状语连用e.g. Have you ever been to Beijing?I have never heard Bunny say anything against her.I have used this pen only three times. It is still good.George has met that gentleman on several occasions.4、现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内地时间状语连用，如now, up to these few days/weeks/months/years, this morning/week/month/year, now, just, today, up to present, so far等.e.g. Peter has written six papers so far.Man has now learned to release energy from the nucleus of the atom.There has bee too much rain this year.The relations between us have been enhanced in the past few years.Up to the present everything has been successful.5、现在完成时表示现在之前就已完成地动作, 虽然其效果或影响仍然存在但已不再继续, 但是有一些现在完成时地句子，在后面加上for+一段时间，则现在完成时地动作就表示延续性.e.g. Thomas has studied Russian. (现在不再学俄语)Thomas has studied Russian for three years. (=Thomas began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.)6、现在完成时还可以用来表示过去地一个时间到现在这段时间内重复发生地动作.e.g. We have had four texts this semester.现在完成时中地时间状语：★already通常用于肯定句中，意为“已经”，位于行为动词之前, be动词、助动词之后.有时可放在疑问句句尾，表示惊讶.例如：We have already cleaned the classroom.Have you finished it already？★yet用于疑问句中表示“已经”；用于否定句中，表示“还(没)”.例如：—Has he found his watch yet？他还没找到他地表吗？—No, not yet. 是, 还没有.★ever意为“曾经”，常用于疑问句或否定句中，位于助动词和过去分词之间，表示从过去到目前为止地时间.例如：Have you ever been there？你曾经去过那里吗？Nothing has ever happened here. 这里未曾发生过什么事.★never意为“（曾经）从未、没有”, 是否定副词，在句中位于助动词和过去分词之间.ever与否定词not 连用相当于never.例如：I haven’t ever spoken to her. = I have never spoken to her. 我从未跟她讲过话.★just意为“刚刚”, 用于现在完成时, 表示行为刚刚过去, 位于助动词与过去分词之间.e.g. He has just come back from school.他刚从学校回来.★just now意为“刚才”, 表示过去某时, 用于一般过去时, 位于句首或句尾均可.e.g. He came from school just now.他刚才从学校回来.★for 和since地用法及区别.for 与一段时间连用，since 与时间点连用.注意：since 后接过去时地时间状语或过去时地句子.e.g. I have been to Shanghai twice since 1970.I haven’t seen her since she left Shanghai.I saw Ping Ping six years ago. Since I havenever seen her.★have/has gone to、have/has been to 和have/hasbeen in地区别.have/ has gone to 去了,在去某地地路上或在某地, 人还未回来have/ has been to 曾经去过, 人已经回来了have/ has been in 已经在, 常与一段时间连用e.g. She has been to Shanghai before. 她以前曾去过上海.She has been in Shanghai for ten years. 她在上海10年了.Has he gone to Qingdao? 他去青岛了吗？但不能说Have you gone to Qingdao?区分短暂性动词与持续性动词.表示短暂性(瞬间性)地动词在现在完成时地句中不能和一段时间连用.短暂性地动词如：come，go，join，leave，buy等，在完成时态中不能与for,since短语或How long等引起地时间状语连用.瞬间动词不能直接与for，since 连用，要改变动词为延续性动词.瞬间动词转换为延续性动词：buy ---- have borrow ---- keep•arrive/ come---- be in /at leave ----away (from)•join----be a member of/be in•die--- be dead get up ---- be up•get married---- be married go there ---- be there•begin/start---- be on stop---- be over•open ---- be open现在完成时与一般过去时地区别：一般过去式：过去时表示过去某时发生地动作或单纯叙述过去地事情，强调动作.现在完成时：为过去发生地，强调过去地事情对现在地影响，强调地是影响.现在完成时强调过去发生地动作与现在地联系，对现在地影响.一般过去时强调过去发生地动作或状态，与现在没有联系.现在一看时间状语.如果句中没有表示过去确切时间地状语，常用现在完成时；如果有，则只能用一般过去时.如：I have visited the factory.I visited the factory last year.二看句首有无疑问词.如果笼统地问人家做过某事了吗（句首无疑问词），常用现在完成时；但进一步询问何时、何地、何原因、用什么方式做那事时（句首有疑问词）就要用一般过去时.如：－Have you had your breakfast? －Yes, I have.－When did you have it? －At seven thirty.注意：这种用法是以连贯性问答为背景地.否则就需要具体情况具体分析.如：How many words have you learned by heart?How did you learn them by heart?三看句中谓语动词是否为延续性动词.如果表示地动作或状态一直延续到现在，最好选用延续性动词，并使用现在完成时；如果是瞬间动词，则用一般过去时.如：He has been a league member for two months.He joined the Youth League two months ago.现在完成时练习题一、单项选择1、Both his parents look sad .Maybe they _________what's happened to him .Ａ. knew Ｂ. have known Ｃ. must know Ｄ.will know2、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ?Ａ. already Ｂ.never Ｃ.ever Ｄ. still3、Have you met Mr Li ______？Ａ. just Ｂ. ago Ｃ.before Ｄ. a moment ago4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two yearＡ. is writing Ｂ.was writing Ｃ.wrote Ｄ.has written5、-Our country ______ a lot so far .-Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .Ａ. has changed ; well Ｂ. changed ; goodＣ. has changed ; better Ｄ. changed ; better6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .Ａ. was ; studying Ｂ. will ; studyＣ. has ; studied Ｄ. are ; studying7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .Ａ. know Ｂ. had known Ｃ. have known Ｄ. Knew8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice .Ａ. will see Ｂ. have seen Ｃ. saw Ｄ.see9、-These farmers have been to the United States .-Really ? When _____ there ?Ａ. will they go Ｂ. did they goＣ. do they go Ｄ. have they gone10、-______ you ___ your homework yet ?-Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .Ａ. Did ; do ; finished Ｂ. Have ; done ; finishedＣ. Have ; done ; have finished Ｄ. will ; do ; finish二、句型转换3、The old man _________ last year. He for a year. (die) （动词填空）4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换)This factory ________ for twenty years.5、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)Miss Gao ________ _______ ________ ________ an hour ago.6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句）Her mother _______ the Party three years ________ .7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同义句转换)_______ two years ________ the Green family moved to Fra nce.8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把两个句子合并成一个句子)___________________________________________二、句型转换.1、has he?2、How long3、died, has been dead4、has been open5、has been away6、joined；ago7、It is, since 8、The bus has been here for ten minutes.八、过去完成时（一）过去完成时地概念过去完成时表示过去某一时间或某一事件之前已经发生地动作或状态，即过去地过去.图示如下：----|-------------------------- |---------------------------|----------------------->过去完成过去现在将来（二）构成1、肯定句：主语+had＋过去分词When we got there, the football match had already started.2、否定句：主语+had not+过去分词He hadn’t worked for two years by then.3、疑问句：had+主语+过去分词…？Had he finished the work by last month?（三）用法1、过去完成时表示过去某一时刻或者某一动作之前完成地动作或状态; 句中常用by, before, until, when 等词引导地时间状语.e.g. By the time she got up, her brother had already gone into the bathroom.2、过去完成时地动词还可以表示过去某一时刻之前发生地动作或者状态持续到过去某个时间或者持续下去.例如：Before he slept, he had worked for 12 hours.3、在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后地宾语从句.例如：She said (that) she had never been to Paris.4、在过去不同时间发生地两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时.例如：When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.5、by the time “直到……时候”.指从过去某一点到从句所示地时间为止地一段时间.如：By the time we got to his house, he had finished supper.6、表示意向地动词, 如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等, 用过去完成时表示“原本…，未能…”.例如：We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.过去完成时练习题1. 单项选择1．He asked me _____ during the summer holidays.A. where I had beenB. where I had goneC. where had I beenD. where had I gone2. What ____ Jane ____ by the time he was sever?A. did, doB. has, done C did, did. D. had, done3. I ______ 900 English words by the time I was ten.A. learnedB. was learningC. had learnedD. learnt4. She ______lived here for ______ years.A. had, a fewB. has, severalC. had, a lot ofD. has, a great deal of5. By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I _____ the dinner already.A．had cooked B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooked6. She said she __________ the principle alreadyA .has seen B. saw C. will see D. had seen7. She said her family _______ themselves ______ the army during the war.A. has hidden, fromB. had hidden, fromC. has hidden, withD. had hidden, with8. By the time he was ten years old, he _________.A. has completed universityB. has completed the universityB. had completed an university D. had completed university9. She had written a number of books ______ the end of last year.A. forB. inC. byD. at10. He _____ to play ____ before he was 11 years old.A had learned, piano B. had learned, the pianoC. has learned, the pianoD. learns ,piano.2.用动词地适当形式填空1. We _____________ (paint) the house before we ______________ (move) in.2. That rich old man _____________ (make) a will before he _____________ (die).3. They _____________ (study) the map of the country before they ________ (leave).4. The robbers _____________ (run away ) before the policemen _______ (arrive).5. I __________ (turn off) all the lights before I ____________ (go) to bed.6. Paul __________ (go) out with Jane after he __________ (make) a phone call.7. Tom __________ (say) he ___________ (read) the book twice.8. Our plan ____________ (fail ) because we _____________ (make) a bad mistake.9. When the chairman ______________ (finish) speaking, he _____________ (leave)the hall.10.The Reads __ ______ (have) lunch when I ________________(get) to their house. 7B测试卷笔试部分第一节单项选择（共10 小题；每小题１分，满分10分）1. The trees are the biggest and oldest living things _____.A. on EarthB. on the earthC. on EarthsD. on the earths2. I will do ____ best to help you with your English.A. meB. myC. mineD. myself3. The man cares a lot ______ his wife and children.A. toB. fromC. aboutD. of4. --- The watch is expensive. Why ______ a cheaper one?---The watch is very good and I like it.A. don’t buyB. not buyC. not to buyD. not buying5. Beijing is a beautiful city ________ a long history.A. hasB. forC. ofD. with6. Look! The children ______ kites over there.A. are flyingB. is flyingC. flyD. flies7. Beijing is ________ its roast ducks.A. famous forB. famous toC. famous inD. famous on8. What do you mean ________“cut down the water”?A. onB. ofC. inD. by9. I didn’t go to bed until eleven last night,_____ I got up late this morning.A. butB. becauseC. soD. since10. When she got to the top of the hill, she stopped_____.A. to having a restB. having a restC. to have a restD. have a rest第二节语法选择(共5 小题；每小题1分，满分5分)Most big cities ___11____ the United States are built on land without hills. People in these cities can’t see very far from their houses. When they look ___12____ their windows, they can only see tall buildings. ____13_____ they look only inside when they choose(选择) their houses. They want a house with nice rooms to ____14___. When people in San Francisco choose ____15____, they look not only inside but also outside. They want a house with both nice rooms and a fine view.11. A. on B. with C. in D. around12. A. at B. out of C. from D. up13.A. Then B. When C. So D. Because14.A. look B. live in C. see D. look at15. A. theirs B. them C. their D. they三、完型填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）Mary, Lucy and Dick are good friends. They are talking about their favorite __16___ in a year.Mary 17_ December best because her birthday is in December. She 18__ play happily and get many nice things from her parents and friends. It often snows in December, and Mary likes 19 the white snow very much.Lucy’s 20 month is July because she can have a long summer holiday. Every summer holiday, her parents 21 her to visit many interesting places. Lucy likes swimming very much, 22 , and she can swim a lot in summer.Dick thinks March 23 the best month in a year. It’s very sunny, 24 not too hot. People can go out to enjoy the fresh air. He likes playing soccer 25 his friends in the park.16. A months B. years C. weeks D. week17. A. like B. likes C. don’t like D. doesn’t like18. A. can B. can’t C. like D. likes19. A. play B. plays with C. playing with D. play with20. A. favorite B. best C. like D. likes21. A. takes B. took C. will take D. take22. A. too B. also C. either D. to23. A. am B. are C. is D. be24. A. because B. or C. but D. so25. A. and B. with C. in D. /四、阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给地A 、B、C、和D项中，选出最佳选项，并把答案写在答题卷上.(A)People in many countries are learning English. Some of them are little children. Some are adults. Some learn English at school. Some learn English by themselves. A few learn English over the radio, on TV or in films.Why do all these people want to learn English? Many boys and girls learn English at school, because it is one of their subjects. They must study their own languages, maths, English and other subjects. Some people learn it because it is useful for their work. Some people learn English for their further (进一步地) studies, because some of their books are in English in university (大学). Other people learn English because they want to read newspapers or magazines in English.26. People learn English _________.A. at schoolB. over the radioC. on TVD. all of the above。

初中英语八大时态-详细语法解析-习题及答案

过去将来时1。

宾语从句或间接引语中eg He didn’t expect that we would all be there.2。

表示过去习惯性的动作eg During that period，he would do this every day.3.表示过去的愿望、倾向，多用于否定句eg They knew that we would never permit such a thing。

过去将来时基本结构过去将来时由would, was/were going to, was/were to was/were about to等加动词原形构成, 也可由was/were on the point of加动名词构成。

例句：I knew you would agree. 我知道你会同意的。

I said I would arrange everything. 我说我来安排一切。

八种时态详解：过去将来时表示过去的某时以后将要发生的动作。

但这个”将来”时间绝不会延伸到“现在”；而仅限于“过去时间区域内"。

由此可以看出，含这个时态的句子常带一个表示“过去某个时间点”的状语.这个状语或是一个短语，或是一个句子。

这个时态常用于：A）宾语从句或间接引语中；B)表示过去习惯性的动作；C)表示过去情况中的“愿望”、“倾向”，多用于否定句。

例如：A） When I thought about it , I wondered what their reaction would be . 当我考虑这件事时，我想知道他们的反应是什么。

She told me that she would go on trip to Europe the next day. 她告诉我，她第二天要去欧洲旅行。

He didn’t expect that we would all be there. 他没料到我们会全在那儿。

B） During that period ， he would do morning-exercises every day. 在那段时间，他每天早锻炼。

初中英语八大时态练习试题及答案(详解)

初中英语八大时态练习试题及答案(详解)1一般现在时的用法1) 表示经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。

例： every…, sometimes,ofen,always,usually, twice a week, at…, on Sunday等。

I leave home for school at 7 every morning.He watches Tv once a week .2) 表示普遍真理，客观存在，科学事实。

The earth moves around the sun.Shanghai lies in the east ofChina.3) 格言或警句。

Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。

注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。

例：Columbus proved that the earth is round..4) 表示现在时刻的状态、能力、个性或爱好。

I don't want so much.Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup.I am doing my homework now.第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。

再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back.第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。

2一般过去时的用法1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。

时间状语有：yesterday, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982，yesterday morning (afternoon, evening…)，last night (week, month, year…), a moment ago , a week ago, three years ago…just now,等。

初中英语八大时态用法详解及真题巩固练习

初中英语八大时态用法详解及真题巩固练习一般现在时1. 概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。

2. 基本结构：①is/am/are；②do/does否定形式：①am/is/are + not ; ②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。

3. 一般疑问句：①把 is/am/are 动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。

4. 用法：1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。

例如：I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。

2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。

例如：The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。

Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。

3) 表示格言或警句。

例如：Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。

注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。

例如：I knew that the earth goes around the sun when I was little.我小时候就知道地球绕太阳转。

4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。

例如：I don't want so much. 我不要那么多。

Ann writes good English but does not speak well.安英语写得不错，讲的可不行。

5) 一般现在时表示将来含义a. 下列动词 come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return 的一般现在时可以表示将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。

初中八种基本时态讲解及练习

英语语法（时态）[注意] 在其它的时态中也存在类似问题,记住,关键是：瞬间动词不能和表达一段时间的状语连用。

如：How long may I keep the book?(这本书我能借多久？)(句子中keep 取代了borrow)注意：句型变化时,否定句在am /is /are /will /have /has /was /were /had /would 后面加not,而且not都可以缩写为n’t (am后面not不可以缩写)；疑问句将am /is /are /will /have /has /was /were /had /would 提前到句首。

八种时态的具体用法：(1)一般现在时：表示现阶段经常或习惯发生的动作或存在的状态,或说明主语的特征。

①一般现在时句子中常有的时间状语：often,usually,sometimes,always,every (day等), once/twice,a (week等), on (Sunday等),never,in the (morning等)。

如：They go to the Palace Museum once a year.(他们每年去一次故宫)/They often discuss business in the evening.(他们经常在晚上商谈生意)②表示客观真理、事实、人的技能或现在的状态时句子里一般不用时间状语。

如：The earth turns round the sun.(地球绕着太阳转)/Light travels faster than sound.(光传播比声音快)③表示十分确定会发生(如安排好的事情)或按照时间表进行的事情,用一般现在可以表达将来,句子中可以有将来时间。

如：The train for Haikou leaves at 8：00 in the morning.(开往海口的列车上午8点开车)④在时间状语从句中(以when, after, before, while, until, as soon as等引导)和条件状语从句中(以if,unless引导),用一般现在时代替一般将来时,句子可以有将来时间。

初中英语八大时态练习试题及答案(详解)

初中英语八大时态练习试题及答案(详解)时间状语通常是：often。

always。

usually。

sometimes。

every day/week/month/year。

etc.When I was a child。

I always played with my XXX.3)表示过去的真实情况，与现在相反或不同。

He didn't have a car when he was young.I didn't know how to swim until I was 10 years old.4)表示过去的条件、假设、愿望。

If I had time。

I would go to the concert.I XXX I had XXX.注意：在虚拟语气中，过去式常用于主语从句和宾语从句中。

3现在进行时的用法1)表示现在正在进行的动作，常与时间状语now。

at the moment。

right now等连用。

I am studying English now.XXX.2)表示现阶段正在进行的动作，但不一定是此时此刻正在进行。

He is learning Chinese this semester.XXX.注意：现在进行时表示的动作必须是正在进行的，而不是已经完成的或惯性的动作。

4过去进行时的用法1)表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。

I was watching TV when she called me.They were having dinner at 7 o'clock last night.2)表示过去某段时间内正在进行的动作。

I was XXX.He was working on the project for two weeks.注意：过去进行时强调的是动作的持续性和进行性，常与表示过去的时间状语连用。

5一般将来时的用法1)表示将来某一时刻要发生的动作或存在的状态。

I will go to the beach XXX.She will be 30 years old next month.2)表示将来经常性或惯性的动作。

初中英语语法八大时态总结及练习题

英语语法八大时态一．一般现在时结构肯定句式: 主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数+其他否定句式: 主语+（助动词）don't/doesn't +动词原形+其他一般疑问句式: Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他简略回答: (肯)Yes,主语+do/does (否)No,主语+do/does not缩写形式: don't = do not doesn't = does not例句：He often goes swimming in summer.I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning.二．一般过去时态结构肯定句式: 主语+动词过去式+其他否定句式: 主语+（助动词）didn’t +动词原形+其他一般疑问句式: Did+主语+动词原形+其他基本结构否定句一般疑问句Be动词was/were+not was/were提前，放于句首行为动词didn’t+do(动词原形）Did+主语+do（动词原形）三．一般将来时结构结构1：肯定句式：主语+助动词will+动词原形+其他否定句式：主语+助动词will+动词原形+not+其他一般疑问句式：助动词Will+主语+动词原形+其他简单回答：在口语中，will在名词或代词后常缩为’ll，wii not常简缩为won’t。

在疑问句中，主语为第一人称时（I和we）时，常用助动词shall。

例如：She’ll go to play basketball.Shall we go to the zoo?结构2：肯定句式：主语+be going to +动词原形+其他否定句式：主语+be not going to +动词原形+其他一般疑问句式：Be+主语+going to+动词原形+其他简略回答：（肯）Yes,主语+be （否）No,主语+be not将来时其他表示法1）be going to表示将来表示说话人的打算、计划、安排或根据迹象判断必然或很可能发生的事情。

(完整word)初中英语八大时态的详细讲解与练习

初中英语语法:八种时态详解与练习一．概念：英语中表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态，需用不同的动词形式表示，这种不同的动词形式称为时态。

二．种类：（基本时态）一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时现在完成时过去完成时一般现在时一、概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。

二、常搭配的时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week,on Sundays, etc.三、基本结构①be动词（is,am,are）；②行为动词(主语是第三人称单数时谓语动词要加s或es外) 否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。

例句：I go to school at 6 every morning. 每天早上我七点去上学。

Summer follows spring. 春天之后是夏天。

I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 我在小学就学过地球是围绕太阳转的。

Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。

四、基本用法：1) 描述当前时间内经常出现、反复发生的动作或存在的状态。

在这种情景中，句子常带有表示频率的时间状语：always , everyday , often , once a week (month , year , etc.) , sometimes , seldom , usually等等，以表示句中的动作或状态是习惯性的、经常性的。

初中英语八大时态全套精讲及练习题(附答案)

初中英语八大时态全套精讲及练习题.1 一般现在时的用法1)经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。

时间状语： every…, sometimes,ofen,always,usually, twice a week, at…, on SundayI leave home for school at 7 every morning. He watches Tv once a week .2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。

The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China.3) 表示格言或警句中。

Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。

注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。

例：Columbus proved that the earth is round..4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。

再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back.第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。

二. 构成及变化1、be动词的变化肯定句：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。

如： I am a boy. 我是一个男孩。

否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。

如：He is not a worker. 他不是工人。

初中英语八种时态详解及练习

初中英语语法：动词八种时态、被动语态详解练习及答案：一、初中英语被动语态用法小结［1]一、语态概述英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。

英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。

例如:Many people speak Chinese.谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的.被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象.例如：Chinese is spoken by many people。

英语English是动词speak的承受者。

二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词"构成。

人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。

现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成.一般现在时：am／is/are＋spoken一般过去时：was／were＋spoken一般将来时:will／shall be＋spoken现在进行时:am／is／are being＋spoken过去进行时：was/were being＋spoken现在完成时：have／has been＋spoken过去完成时：had been + spoken三、被动语态的用法（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。

例如：Some new computers were stolen last night.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了.（不知道电脑是谁偷的）This bridge was founded in 1981。

这座桥竣工于1981年。

（2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。

例如：The glass was broken by Mike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。

This book was written by him.这本书是他写的.Your homework must be finished on time.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。

四、主动语态变被动语态的方法(1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

初中英语八大时态讲解及练习(全)

一、一般现在时：概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况.时间状语：always，usually，often，sometimes，every week (day, year, month…），once a week, on Sundays, etc.基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词否定形式:①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't，如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句:①把be动词放于句首;②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。

在一般现在时中,当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，即常在动词原形后加-s或—es。

一、人称代词he，she, it是第三人称单数.如：He likes watching TV。

他喜欢看电视。

She has lunch at twelve。

她十二点吃午餐。

It looks like a cat。

它看起来像只猫。

（口诀：I用am，you用are，is用于她他它，单数名词用is，复数名词都用are）二、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语；是第三人称单数。

如：①Han Mei looks like her mother。

韩梅看起来像她的母亲。

②Beijing is in China。

北京在中国。

③Uncle Wang often makes cakes. 王叔叔经常做蛋糕。

三、单数可数名词或”this / that / the+单数可数名词"作主语时，是第三人称单数。

如：①A horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物.②This book is yours. 这本书是你的。

四、不定代词someone，somebody, nobody, everything, something等及指示代词this，that作主语时,是第三人称单数。

初中英语时态讲解及练习（含答案）

初中英语时态讲解及练习（含答案）时态1. 一般现在时●形式：do does（单数第三人称）●意义：一般现在时表示客观的、普遍性的真理以及经常性的事件。

●用法：A) 表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。

B) 经常性、习惯性动作。

e.g.：He always helps others. （他总是帮助别人。

）He often goes to the gym.C) 客观事实和普遍真理。

尤其要注意，如果前后文不是一般现在时，则无法保持主句、从句时态一致。

e.g.: The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.Knowledge is power.●这一用法场合一些表动作频率的时间副词连用：1). 表示肯定的频率副词：always, frequently, usually, sometimes, generally, occasionally, often etc.2). 表示否定的频率副词：never, seldom, rarely etc.这些副词的位置：在Be动词后，实义动词前。

e.g. He is always late.2. 一般过去时●形式：did●意义：一般过去时表示在过去的某一特定时间发生和结束的活动或情况。

●用法:A) 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。

e.g.: I saw him in the library yesterday morning. （有特定的时间状语）yesterday, yesterday evening, last night/month/spring/year, the night before last（前天晚上），three days/months/years ago, in 1999 etc.。

这些时间状语之前不用加介词。

B) 表示过去习惯性动作，一直持续或反复发生的动作，此时可与表示拼读的时间副词连用。

e.g.: I slept for eight hours last night. （表示在过去某一段时间内持续的动作，但这动作现在已经结束了）3. 一般将来时●形式：will/shall do或be going to do●意义：一般将来时表示在未来的某个时间将要发生的某个动作或状态。

中考英语八大时态精解+精练+答案

中考英语八大时态精解+精练+答案一、一般现在时1、概念：表示经常发生的情况;有规律出现的情况;总是发生的;事实真理。

2.时间状语：Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week (day, year, month…), on Sundays (on Mondays…), etc.3.基本结构：主语+动词原形(如主语为第三人称单数，动词上要改为第三人称单数形式)4.否定形式：主语+am / is / are+not+其他;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't，如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。

5.一般疑问句：把be 动词放于句首;用助动词do 提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。

eg：①It seldom snows here. 这里很少下雪。

②He is always ready to help others. 他总是乐于帮助别人。

③Action speaks louder than words. 事实胜雄辩。

二、一般过去时1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

2.时间状语：ago,yesterday,the day before yesterday,last week,last (year,night,month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time,etc.3.基本结构：主语+动词的过去式或be 的过去式+名词4.否定形式：主语+was / were+not+其他;在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。

5.一般疑问句：was 或were 放于句首;用助动词do 的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。

(完整word版)初中八种基本时态讲解及练习

英语语法（时态）be（是/存在”动词的各种时态变化:其它谓语动词（主动语态）的时态变化一览表:［注意］在其它的时态中也存在类似问题，记住，关键是：瞬间动词不能和表达一段时间的状语连用。

八种时态的具体用法：（1）一般现在时：表示现阶段经常或习惯发生的动作或存在的状态，或说明主语的特征。

①一般现在时句子中常有的时间状语：ofte n,usually,sometimes,always,every（day 等）,once/twice,a （week等）,on （Sunday 等）,never,in the （morning等）。

女口：They go to the Palace Museum once a year（他们每年去一次故宫” They ofte n discuss bus in ess in the eve ning（他们经常在晚上商谈生意）②表示客观真理、事实、人的技能或现在的状态时句子里一般不用时间状语。

女口：The earth turns round the sun.（地球绕着太阳转）/Light travels faster than sound .（光传播比声音快）③表示十分确定会发生（如安排好的事情）或按照时间表进行的事情，用一般现在可以表达将来句子中可以有将来时间。

如: The train for Haikou leaves at 8 : 00 in the morning.（开往海口的列车上午8 点开车）④在时间状语从句中（以when, after, before, while, until, as soon as等引导）和条件状语从句中（以if,unless引导），用一般现在时代替一般将来时，句子可以有将来时间。

女口：Please ring me up as soon as you arrive in Germany.（你一至U德国就给我打电话）/If it rains tomorrow.we will have to stay at home. （如果明天下雨我们就只好呆在家）⑤一般现在时用于倒装句中可以表示正在发生的动作，动词以come, go为主。

初中八大时态讲解与练习

一般现在时概念：1. 表示现在的状态eg：I am twelve.2. 表示经常或习惯性动作eg：he gets up at six.3. 表示主语所具备的性格或能力eg：he likes English.4. 表示客观事实真理eg：the earth goes around the sun.标志性词语：Often，usually，sometimes，always，never，on Sunday，every year/month/dayEg: she often goes to school on foot.He goes to park once a week.行为动词第三人称单数加-s 的形式1. 一般动词直接加-s2. 以辅音字母+y，把 y 改 i 再加 es，3. 以 s，x，sh，ch 结尾的动词加-es4. 以 o 结尾的动词一般加-es5. 特殊情况：have—has基本结构: Be 型：肯定式：主语+be 动词（am/is/are）+其他表状态（there be+n）否定式：主语+be 动词（am/is/are）+not+其他疑问式：将 be 动词提前放句首，第三人称动词变原形（一二人称互换，第三人称不变）特殊式：特殊疑问词+be+主语实义动词型：肯定式：主语+行为动词（注意人称三单形式）+其他否定式：主语+do n’t/doesn’t+行为动词+其他疑问式：一般式：Do/Does+主语+行为动词原形+其他特殊式：特殊疑问词+do/does+主语+谓语小试牛刀：写出下列动词的第三人称形式wash：match：study：finish：go：snow：carry：stop： see： drive：let：teach：keep： join： put：do： drink： toy： play： begin：take：run： fly： talk： stay：look：watch：think：carry：fix：单项选择1. There an English film at the cinema now.A:is B:are C:am D:be2. The picture nice.A:look B:looks C:looked D:be look3. He sits down and soon asleep.A:fall B:falling C:falled D: falls4. The water sweet.A:drinking B:drinks C:drink D:to drink5. I up at six but Mike up at sevenA:get,gets B:get ,get C:gets,get D:getting, to get6. My father for eight hours every day.A:working B:works C:work D:to work7. Uncle Wang never English, because he know how to say it.A:speak,doesn’t B:speak,don’t C:speaks,don’t D:speaks,doesn’t 8. On Sunday my daughter watching TV and my son to play footballwith his friends.A:like,want B:likes,want C:like,wants D:likes,wants 9. Su Yang usually some clothes on Sunday.A:washed B:washs C:washes D:washing 10. Su Hai and Su Yang eight lessons this term.A:have B:has C:haves D:having用所给词的正确形式填空A. We often （not play）on the playground.B.you (brush) your teeth every day.C. How many lessons your classmate (have) on Sunday.D. It (take) me two hours to finish my homework every day.E. The child often (watch) TV in the evening.F. What (do) he usually (do) after school.G. John (study) Math , Chinese ,English ,Science and Art at school.H. Mr. Wang often (go) to Shanghai.I. There (be) a football match on TV every morning.J. We (not watch)TV on Monday.句式训练➢Do you like to play football after school?肯定句肯定/否定回答：➢I have many books.否定句：一般疑问句：肯定回答：否定回答：➢Nancy doesn’t run fast.肯定句：➢I usually play football on Friday afternoon.否定句：一般疑问句：特殊疑问句：肯定/否定回答：➢Tom does his homework at home.否定句：一般疑问句：特殊疑问句：➢Mike has two letters for him.否定句：一般疑问句：特殊疑问句：否定回答：判断正误1. Is your brother speak English？2. Does he likes going fishing？3. Jane do his homework every morning.4. He like play basketball with his friends.5. We eats dinner at six and go to bed at eleven.6. My dog runs fast.7. He speak English very well.8. What do they usually do on Saturday.9. My mother don’t have breakfast this morning.10. I like reading books on the library every day.中考真题1.Jenny! Do you know that one-third of the boys in our class the singer Zhang Shao Han?A. likeB. likesC.liking2. The sense of happiness will increase if you what you like to do.A. doB. didC. will do3. Betty will ring me up when she inBeijing.A. arriveB. arrivesC. arrivedD. willarrive4. If you your homework, you can go out to play football.5.Now my father his bike to work every day instead of driving.A. rideB. r od eC. ridesD. will ride6. This girl is rea d y t o help p eo pl e an y time. Wh e n sh e is on t h e bu s,sh e al w a y s her seat to someone in need.A. givesB. giveC. gaveD.giving概念:一般过去时表示过去某个时间収生的动作或存在的状态. Eg: I got up at seven yesterday表示过去经常収生的动作或存在的状态. Eg: he always went to school by car last term标志性词语：yesterday，last month/year/week/night，the day before yesterday，in the past，at that time，two days ago，just n ow……..动词过去时的变化规则：一般在词尾直接+ed play——played以 e 结尾的动词直接+d taste—— tasted末尾三个字母以“辅+元+辅”且为重读闭音节，双写末尾辅音+ed stop——stopped以辅音字母+y，改 y 为 i 再+ed study——studied不规则动词过去式：am/is: a re:do:see:sa y:give: eat:w rit e: sp en d:get:take:sp eak:drin k:g o:r un:rid e:sle ep:c o me:sin g:swim:s t and:has/ha ve:pu t:sit:rea d:结构：Be 型肯定式：主语+be 动词（was/were）+其他否定式：主语+wasn’t/weren’t+其他疑问式：Be 动词+主语+其他（一二人称互换，第三人称不变）特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+其他实义动词型肯定式：主语+动词过去式+其他否定式：主语+didn’t+动词原形+其他疑问式：Did+主语+动词原形+其他特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他用所给单词正确形式填空◆We (enjoy) ourselves at the party last night.◆Jack (study) for the English test last Sunday.◆ you (go) to the Great Wall last year?◆What day (be) it yesterday?◆The old man (be)ill and went to see a doctor.◆We (have) a party last night.◆We (visit) the museum and went home.◆—How (be) the students? —They were very friendly.◆My mother (not do) housework yesterday.◆—he (have) lunch at nine? —No, he did n’t.◆They (buy) a guitar yesterday.◆the cat （eat）a bird yesterday night.◆They （play）chess in the classroom last PE lesson.◆Nancy （pick）up orange on the farm last week.◆My mother （cook）a nice food last spring festival.◆I （be）at school just now.◆He （be）at the camp last week.◆The mobile phone （be）on the table yesterday evening.◆I （make）a model ship with Mike yesterday.◆What （do）you do last month.单项选择( ) 1. Lee his mobile phone at home.A. leaveB. leavesC. leavedD. left( ) 2. he a good rest? No, he didn’t.A. Do, hadB. Did, haveC. Did, hadD. Was, had( ) 3. As soon as he , he to his family.A. arrived, writesB. arrived, writtenC. arrived, wroteD. arriveds, write( ) 4. Mr. Black was late because he his way.A. lostedB. loseC. losesD. lost( ) 5. When Lee school this morning?A. did, got toB. did, get toC. did, getD. did, got( ) 6. Will you please say it again? I quite you.A. didn’t, hearB. don’t, heardC. didn’t, heardD. don’t, hear ( ) 7. you at six o’c lock yesterday?A. Do ,get upB. Did, get upC. Do, got upD. Did, got up ( ) 8.What did you see ?A. nowB. every dayC. these daysD. just now ( ) 9.He went into the room and the door.A. lockB. lockingC. locksD. locked ( ) 10. —What you last week? —I bought a bag.A. did ,buyB. did , boughtC. do, buyD. do, bought ( ) 11. —he his lunch? —Yes, he did.A. Does ,hasB. Does, haveC. Did, haveD. Did, had ( )12.—Did the thieves into the car? —No, they .A. fell, did n’tB. fall(落下), didC. jump（跳）, didn’tD. jump, did ( ) 13. -When did May come back from Hong Kong?-She from Hong Kong last Friday.A. come backB. comes backC. returned backD. came back ( ) 14. she this dictionary in the bookshop nearby last week?A. Did, buyB. Does, buyC. Did, boughtD. Does, buys ( ) 15. He to the station this morning and was for the train.A. hurry, in timeB. hurries, on timeC. hurried, in timeD. hurried, at time句型转换1. Frank read an interesting book about history. （一般疑问句）Frank an interesting book about history?2. Thomas spent RMB 10 on this book. （否定句）Thomas RMB 10 on this book.3. I didn’t have any friends. （一般疑问句）have friends?4. She watched TV after supper（划线部分提问）she after supper.5. There was some orange in the fridge.（一般疑问句）there_ orange in the fridge？改错题1. How is Jane yesterday?2. He go to school by bus last week.3. He often goes home at 6:00 last month.4. I can fly kites seven years ago.5. Did you saw him just now.6. Tom wasn’t watch TV last night.7. I didn’t my homework yesterday. 8. He wait for you three hours ago.9. Who find it just now ? 10. What did he last week?综合训练1.They read English last night.否定句：一般疑问句：肯定/否定回答：划线部分提问：2.She didn’t buy a dictionary last week.肯定句：一般疑问句：肯定/否定回答：划线部分提问：一般将来时概念：现在看将要収生的动作或存在的状态.标志性词语：Tomorrow，soon，next year，next year / week / month, in a few days, in the future, this afternoon，the day after tomorrow，one hour later，tomorrow morning。

教师用初中英语的八种时态、被动语态、非谓语动词

Ⅰ. 初中英语八种时态归纳复习时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容，广大初中学生在实际运用时，往往对时态总是倍感棘手，下面我们就归纳复习一下這几种时态。

一、一般现在时：概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。

时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc.基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。

二、一般过去时：概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词否定形式：①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。

三、现在进行时：概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。

时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc.基本结构：am/is/are+doing否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。

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初中英语语法：动词八种时态、被动语态详解练习及答案：一、初中英语被动语态用法小结[1]一、语态概述英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。

英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。

例如：Many people speak Chinese.谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。

例如：Chinese is spoken by many people. 英语English是动词speak的承受者。

二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。

人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。

现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。

一般现在时：am／is/are＋spoken一般过去时：was／were＋spoken一般将来时：will／shall be＋spoken现在进行时：am／is／are being＋spoken过去进行时：was/were being＋spoken现在完成时：have／has been＋spoken过去完成时：had been + spoken三、被动语态的用法（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。

例如：Some new computers were stolen last night.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。

（不知道电脑是谁偷的）This bridge was founded in 1981.这座桥竣工于1981年。

（2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。

例如：The glass was broken by Mike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。

This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。

Your homework must be finished on time.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。

四、主动语态变被动语态的方法（1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词）（根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式）。

（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。

例如：All the people laughed at him.He was laughed at by all people.They make the bikes in the factory.The bikes are made by them in the factory.He cut down a tree.A tree was cut down by him.五、含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。

We can repair this watch in two days.This watch can be repaired in two days.They should do it at once.It should be done at once.六、特殊情况1.He made the boy work for two hours yesterday.The boy was made to work by him for two hours yesterday.2.Mother never lets me watch TV .被动语态同步达标练习】Ⅰ .单项选择(选自各地中考题)( )1 .The medicine______in a dry and cool place .(2000年重庆市中考题) A .keep B .must keep C .must be kept D .must be keep( )3 .Today ,the forests have almost gone .People must______down too many trees . (2001年安徽省中考题)A .stop to outB .stop from cuttingC .be stopped to cutD . be stopped from cutting( )5 .The key ______ for locking the classroom door . (2001年广西省中考题)A .usesB .is usedC .is usingD .use( )6 .A new school______over there in two years . (2001年四川省中考题)A .may buildB .may be builtC .is built( )8 .Computers are very useful .For example ,they can______sendinge-mail .(电子邮件) (2001年苏州市中考题)A .use forB .be used ofC .be used forD .use of( )9 .—What a nice garden !—It______every day . (2000年武汉市中考题)A .is cleaningB .has cleanedC .must cleanD .is cleaned( )10 .This work ______next week . (2000年广西省中考题)A .may finishB .finishC .finishesD .may be finished( )11 .My house______in 1995 .We have lived there for nearly five years . (2000年广西省中考题)A .was builtB .has builtC .is builtD .were built( )12 .The lost boy______early this morning . (2000年四川省中考题)A .foundB .was foundedC .was foundD .founded( )13 .That white building______two years ago ,but it is quite old now . (2000年河北省中考题)A .builtB .was builtC .is builtD .builds( )14 .The big tree______by my mother ten years ago .(2000年甘肃省中考题)A .was plantedB .plantedC .has plantedD .was planting【综合能力训练】Ⅱ .用括号中动词被动结构的适当形式填空。

1 .English______widely______(use) in the world .2 .These pictures must (keep) well .3 .She______(fall) ill last night ,and she______(take) to the hospital at once .4 .Now rice and wheat______(grow) in my hometown ,too .Look !The crops__________(grow) fast in the fields .5 .The Great Wall (know) all over the world .6 .______the street lights usually ______(turn) on at seven in summer evening ?7 . ______this kind of car______(produce) in Wuhan ?8 .______the doctor______(send) for last night ?9 .We used a teapot before the thermos______(invent) .10 .Three children______(take) good care of by the nurse .11 .Some new houses______(build) by the villagers themselves .12 .What language ______(speak) in Japan ?13 .The black bike______(buy) in that shop three days ago .14 .The doctor said Jim must ______(operate) on at once .15 .The big tree______(blow) down in the storm last night .【创新备考训练】Ⅲ .将下列主动语态改为被动语态。

1 .You needn’t do it now .2 .You must finish your homework now .3 .We can do the work today .8 .They founded that hospital in 1996 .9 .Yesterday we played football after school .10 .People all over the world know the Great Wall .11 .He often helps his brother .一般现在时1) 描述当前时间内经常出现、反复发生的动作或存在的状态。

例如：They raise ducks as a sideline .他们以养鸭为副业。

She doesn't often write to her family, only once a month. 她不常给家里写信，仅一月一封而已。

I cycle to work every day .我每天骑自行车上班。

It seldom rains here .这儿很少下雨。

2）仅为了描述状态、性质、特征、能力等等。